Journal articles: 'Pricing strategy and tactics of pricing'

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Gourley, David, and Thomas T. Nagle. "The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing." Journal of Marketing 52, no. 3 (July 1988): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1251457.

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Lusch, Robert F., Bernard J. Jaworski, and David Gourley. "Book Review: The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing." Journal of Marketing 52, no. 3 (July 1988): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200313.

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Vroome, Valérie, and Geert Cauwenbergh. "Drug pricing and reimbursement in Europe: Strategy and tactics." Journal of Communication in Healthcare 2, no. 4 (December 2009): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cih.2009.2.4.341.

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Tarasovych, Lyudmyla. "Price policy in the marketing system of agricultural enterprises." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 36, no. 3 (October 14, 2014): 672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2014.064.

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The aim of the research is to explain the peculiarities and mechanisms of price formation the system of agricultural enterprises’ marketing. Research methods have scientific and analytical comparison, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. Place, role, and peculiarities of price policy formation in the system of marketing of agricultural enterprises are explained. Theoretically proven that effective functioning of agricultural enterprises is determined by pricing policy formation which is efficient and corresponds to the market. The pricing policy is considered as a system of actions directed on determining prices for products and services, and on formation of pricing strategy and tactics, and also on changing the level of prices depending on the competitive position of an enterprise on the market in order to hold the desired marketing chares in strategic perspective. The key ideas of complementary connection of pricing policy of agricultural enterprises with other directions of their marketing activity are described.

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McMahon-Beattie, Una. "The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing: A Guide to Profitable Decision Making." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 1, no. 3 (October 2002): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rpm.5170032.

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Bhaskar, Rahul. "Data Analysis for Dynamic Pricing in Airline." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 16, no. 1 (January 2014): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2014010102.

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The competitors in the airline industry often rely on pricing strategy to capture more sales as a main mean of competition. Thus, dynamic pricing is often utilized to maximize profit while allowing better pricing against competition at the same time. In order for dynamic pricing to be effective, airline company has to take in consideration both internal and external information. Tactical pricing is an important component for airline, for it provides both short term and long term strategies to ticket pricing. The case is an exemplification of how tactical pricing plays an important role in the decision making process of an airline company.

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Aguilar-Barrientos, Sara, Juliana Villegas-Gomez, and Alejandro Arias-Salazar. "Pricing and promotion: A literature review." Aibi revista de investigación, administración e ingeniería 9, no. 3 (December 16, 2021): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/2346030x.2587.

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This article intends to carry out a systematic review of the literature on pricing and promotion, as variables that impact profitability in organizations. To achieve this purpose, a systematic review was performed upon the most relevant academic journals (according to Scimago and Country Rank), for the period between 2018 and 2020. The article puts into evidence the correlation between pricing and promotion, as well as the different price-promotion tactics employed by organizations (including coupons, free samples, loyalty programs, discounts and cross selling, among other practices). An array of external factors was also found that affected pricing and promotion performance, making the study more complex. Therefore, despite the correlation existing between the variables at issue, it can be concluded that the success of a price-promotion strategy does not depend exclusively upon itself, but that the results of a monetary discount can be affected by multiple environmental phenomena. Finally, the text concludes with a presentation of certain endogenous factors that can impact the results of price-promotion strategies.

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Hinterhuber, Andreas. "The strategy and tactics of pricing: A guide to growing more profitably (6e)." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 16, no. 6 (July 18, 2017): 640–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41272-017-0106-0.

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Zarubina, Venera, Mikhail Zarubin, Olga Andreeva, Darkhan Akhmetov, and Ekaterina Gutnova. "Web-service promotion of SaaS service for mining design." Innovative Marketing 17, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(4).2021.05.

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The market of software for automating the processes of mining enterprises is represented by foreign solutions, which increases the dependence of Kazakhstani enterprises on third-party developers. The marketing strategy for promoting the domestic software product focus on conquering the market segment and increasing competitiveness.The study aims to develop a marketing strategy for promoting the national cloud service “3D-quarry” as a SaaS, taking into account the modern development of Kazakhstan and the globalization of the world’s economy. When writing the matrix of strategic analysis, an analysis of pricing models was used. The possibility of using various measures to promote the service was assessed. A marketing strategy for promoting software for subsoil use is proposed, including tactics of online and offline marketing. The choice of a pricing model for a SaaS product for specialized universities and small design organizations is substantiated. Within the SaaS framework, a set of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of a marketing strategy is proposed. A comparative analysis of the payback period of the project when using different tariff plans is carried out. Planning horizon – 3 years, planned market share – 5%, conversion rate – 1%, expected payback period – 4.4 years.The developed pricing policy allows obtaining competitive advantages in comparison with the main representatives of the software market: in the segment of small design organizations – at the expense of an acceptable price, in the segment of educational institutions – at the expense of the freemium pricing model. Acknowledgment The study was carried out within the framework of the grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic IRN AP09561619 “Development of the core of the web service “3D-quarry”.

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Robbert, Thomas. "Feeling nickeled and dimed – consequences of drip pricing." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 25, no. 5 (September 14, 2015): 621–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-04-2014-0071.

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Purpose – In drip pricing, companies advertise low prices for products or services and then tack on additional surcharges later in the purchase process. This tactic has not only become popular for airlines but also for other online services, such as retailers and telecommunication companies. Despite the widespread use of drip pricing in the marketplace, little is known about its effects on consumer behavior. The purpose of this paper is to compare the effects of drip pricing with those of price partitioning. Specifically, it elaborates on perceived value, perceived deception, purchase intentions, and the moderating effect of price consciousness. Design/methodology/approach – The paper develops a conceptual framework and tests four hypotheses with an experimental study on a purchase decision for a continental flight booked through an online travel agent. The experiment is based on a between-subjects design with two groups (n=130). The data are analyzed with multivariate statistics and structural equation modeling. Findings – The findings reveal that drip pricing for service offerings leads to inferior results compared with partitioned pricing in terms of perceived value, perceived deception, and, ultimately, purchase intentions. The findings also indicate that the effects differ depending on the customer’s price consciousness. Originality/value – The study draws from previous studies on partitioned pricing and replicates their findings. However, it is one of the first studies to elaborate on moderators and mediators of the consequences of drip pricing in a service context.

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Dörnyei, Krisztina Rita. "Limited edition packaging: objectives, implementations and related marketing mix decisions of a scarcity product tactic." Journal of Consumer Marketing 37, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 617–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-03-2019-3105.

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Purpose Marketing practitioners consider packaging as a promising marketing tool, but current academic research covers mostly regular packages. Filling this gap, this paper aims to analyze why and how companies use limited edition packaging (LEP), which is defined as a scarcity product tactic, using the package exclusively to create a limited offer. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a grounded theory methodology and used a qualitative collective case study design by analyzing 175 LEP launches in the beverage sector between 2000 and 2019. Findings The empirical-based conceptualization of LEP tactics provided here describes the crucial marketing dimensions in which strategic decisions are made regarding objective of release, implementation and related marketing mix decisions. Results show that LEP tactics serve parallel brands, sales and product strategy-related goals; LEPs are characterized by intensity, theme (occasion) and design characteristics, such as typicality, and marketers use various marketing mix combinations (i.e., pricing, distribution and advertising) in relation to the LEP offer. Originality/value To the best of author’s knowledge, it is the first conceptualization of this special type of scarcity tactic. This study also assists academics by providing an agenda for future research in this domain.

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Garda, Robert A. "Use Tactical Pricing to Uncover Hidden Profits." Journal of Business Strategy 12, no. 5 (May 1991): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039438.

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Ellis, Brien, and Roger Calantone. "Understanding Competitive Advantage Through A Strategic Retail Typology." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 10, no. 2 (September 23, 2011): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v10i2.5935.

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<span>The authors present a retail typology of strategies and performance outcomes based on a combination of Porters (1985) concept of competitive advantage and Miles and Snows (1978) classification of strategic groups. Application of the above theoretical concept is accomplished through an empirical examination of 159 retail drugstores. The tactics used in product, promotion, and service differentiation are examined along with location and pricing. The costs of goods, advertising expense, and rent expense of each retailer are also examined. Various combinations of these tactics result in classification into one of four strategic categories with differing sales and profit margins.</span>

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Riabchyk, Alla, Olena Babicheva, Olena Nahorna, Olena Korchynska, and Tamila Bilousko. "Ensuring the Marketing Activities of Agricultural Enterprises: Strategic and Tactical Decisions." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 9, no. 4 (August 18, 2021): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.00.3723.

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The strategy of agricultural enterprises is transformed under the influence of external requirements. Limited opportunities for agricultural enterprises to adapt to harsh economic and environmental conditions, especially in developing countries, determine strategic opportunities and decisions. The purpose of an article was to study the features of the strategy and tactics of marketing activities of agricultural enterprises to identify their effectiveness in order to support the development of activities. The methodology is based on the theory of strategic decision-making and the concept of sustainable agriculture to identify the effectiveness of strategies and tactics of marketing activities of agricultural firms in Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovenia. The results show a low level of strategic orientation of rural enterprises. State support does little effort to stimulate differentiation and niche specialization of agricultural producers, as evidenced by the constant dynamics of agricultural production. Investing in physical assets is the most effective tool to support the agricultural sector. Cooperation and collaboration among enterprises is not widespread and single-owner farming is the most common organizational form in the agricultural sector. Producers' pricing policies remain stable and depend on market conditions: product prices fluctuated slightly. The practical value of the results lies in taking into account the identified effective ways of state support for agricultural producers in promoting the strategy of differentiation of agricultural products.

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Curry, David J., and Peter C. Riesz. "Prices and Price/Quality Relationships: A Longitudinal Analysis." Journal of Marketing 52, no. 1 (January 1988): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200104.

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Though price and quality are recognized as important tactical and strategic variables for a marketing manager, few empirical data are available on the behavior of price or the correspondence between price and quality over time. The authors report results for three hypotheses derived from product life cycle theory, dynamic pricing policy, and economic information theory about price trends, price convergence, and the correspondence between price and quality among brands in 62 durable product forms. Results strongly confirm the hypotheses that prices converge as well as decrease in real terms. The decline in price variation apparently results from a narrowing of prices by all relevant competitors. Brands entering or exiting a category counterbalance one another and are nearly as likely to be priced below as above a category mean. Reduced correspondence between price and quality levels over time suggests that as pricing flexibility declines, competition may occur in the form of promotional expenditures rather than relative quality improvements. Implications of these findings for marketing strategy and consumer welfare are discussed.

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Xie, Jiaping, Lihong Wei, Weisi Zhang, Yu Xia, and Jing Li. "A Responsive Pricing Grid Operator Sourcing from Competing Generators under Uncertain Supply and Demand." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 27, 2019): 4061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154061.

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Electricity supply chains involve more sources of uncertainty than typical production and manufacturing supply chains, owing to the intermittent nature of renewable energy generation. Therefore, it is critical but challenging to mitigate supply disruption risks by improving management methods. The extant literature has mainly investigated the sourcing strategies of manufacturers with price-taking suppliers. Where there is an option to source from multiple generators, including regular but unreliable generators and reliable backup generators, a flexible sourcing strategy is usually regarded as the best tactic for the grid operator. Our objective is to evaluate the costs and benefits of flexible sourcing and sole sourcing when generators are strategic price-setters. In this paper, we develop a Stackelberg game with wholesale prices contingent on the dominant grid operator’s sourcing strategy. We describe and analyze the resulting equilibriums under different scenarios. The results show that the grid operator does not necessarily benefit from a backup generator and that the flexible sourcing mode is not in fact optimal, except when the disruption ratio of the unreliable generator is medium and the penalty-sharing ratio of the unreliable generator is low. The model is applied to a numerical case study of a real-word electricity supply chain to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed conclusions.

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Kaur, Harminderjit, and Bikramjit Singh Hundal. "Impact of advertising strategies on the cognitive and behavioral component of attitude of women consumers." Journal of Asia Business Studies 11, no. 4 (December 12, 2017): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-08-2015-0147.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to cover the gap from the previous literature with regard to the cognitive and the behavioural component of attitude of consumers. The literature was scant in examining the influence of the mostly used traits on the purchase behaviour and the switching behaviour of consumers. Therefore, this research paper examines the impact of different marketing strategies used by the advertisers on the components of the attitude of the consumers. Design/methodology/approach First, the perception of the consumers towards the traits was measured by the factor analysis approach. Second, the impact of the traits on the purchase behaviour of consumers was scrutinized using regression analysis, and then descriptive statistics approach was used to analyse the switching behaviour and the most important tactic used in the advertisement. Findings The results indicate that repeated exposure, comparison of products and sexual appeals has a significant impact on the mind of consumers which determines the influence of advertising tactics. Further, the results evaluated that information, pricing element, image of company and sexual appeal are the other important traits influencing the cognitive attitude of consumers. The consumers switch to the advertised products which indicate the behavioural change with the impact of advertisement. Research limitations/implications This research paper is suffering from some limitations as the area of research is restrained to the urban population of three districts of Punjab only, i.e. Amritsar, Jalandhar and Ludhiana, because of which the results cannot be generalized for other areas. Due to the changing behaviour and the attitude, income level and media, the response of the consumers in the present study may not be relevant in the future period. The study was confined to the working women consumers only and does not represent the whole population. Practical implications This research paper provides an insight to the marketers. The managers can measure how by using appropriate tactics can they make their advertising more effective. In case of unfamiliar products, the attitude of consumers to accept or to avoid the product is influenced by the tactics used by the marketers. It was recommended that the marketers must use the appropriate tactics to make their products/brands more pertinent and important among the consumers. Originality/value This research paper examines the impact of TV advertisement of beauty products on the components of the attitude of the urban working women consumers. This study presents the influence of the various marketing strategies used in the advertisement to influence the purchase and the switching behaviour of consumers.

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Dolgova, M. V. "Price Strategies of Exporters in Conditions of Crisis Caused by Pandemia." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 17, no. 6 (December 4, 2020): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2020-6-188-197.

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Price is the most important tool of company behavior on market, whose changes are caught immediately by customers, competitors and state structures. Adequate pricing can bring profit to the company and raise its competitiveness and stability on market. Unfortunately, rather often price decisions of home exporters working on non-raw material markets are only a response to competitors’ steps and they aim at reaching tactical, momentary but not strategic goals. Companies usually try to use the same price strategies on foreign markets as they use on national market. In conditions of the global crisis, uneven introduction of isolation regime and border closing by countries, breaking supply chains, bankruptcy or closure of national companies Russian exporters face the loss of distribution channels developed earlier. On the other hand, in these conditions they get an opportunity not only to settle on developed markets nut to penetrate new overseas markets in such segments, where the work of local companies was cut or shut down. In any case home exporters should think over their price strategy on foreign market and research changes in customer preferences, in their perception of company product value. The author gives recommendations aimed at improving exporters’ pricing in conditions of 2020 crisis on the basis of analyzing customers in view of their contribution to the company profit.

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Karlíček, Miroslav, Zuzana Chytková, and Jakub Fischer. "The Role of Marketing in Corporations within the Post Communist Context: Perceptions of Marketing Managers in Czech Corporations." Studia commercialia Bratislavensia 6, no. 21 (March 1, 2013): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2013-0001.

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Abstract The influence of marketing department in corporations tends to be limited, as it usually plays a rather tactical and narrow role. It is often primarily concerned with marketing communications whereas it lacks involvement with other crucial marketing activities such as brand strategy and positioning, new product development or pricing. This state is relatively well documented in the US literature. However, not much is known about the role of marketing departments in corporations within the post communist context. This study proves that situation in Czech corporations is consistent with the US reality. With the exception of companies operating in the FMCG sector, marketing department is typically not the most powerful force in the Czech corporations and its involvement with strategic and non-communication marketing activities is typically relatively low.

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Romaniuk, Jenni, John Dawes, and Magda Nenycz-Thiel. "Modeling brand market share change in emerging markets." International Marketing Review 35, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 785–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-01-2017-0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine what happens to key brand performance metrics as brands change in market share, in the context of packaged goods. The metrics are: penetration—the number of buyers a brand has; and loyalty—measured as purchase frequency (PF) and share of category requirements (SCR). Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes 24 data sets in 17 packaged goods categories in three emerging markets: China, Malaysia and Indonesia. The authors examine changes in penetration, loyalty and SCR in the context of volume and value market share change. In addition, the authors examine whether initial price point and price movements influence the results. Findings The primary finding is that market share change is accompanied by a greater change in penetration than in any other metric. This finding is very consistent across categories and countries. The relative importance of the two loyalty metrics varies by country. SCR was a stronger factor in Indonesia, while PF was stronger in Malaysia. Analysis indicated that pricing strategy (initial price and promotional depth) did not alter the main pattern of results, suggesting the results hold for brands with different price levels and tactics. Practical implications Irrespective of circumstance, to grow in value or volume market share, brands should aim to grow in penetration, while the importance of changes in specific loyalty measures depends on market conditions. Originality/value This research extends past research on brand growth to the very different economic, geographic and cultural conditions of three crucially important emerging markets. Its main value lies in recommendations on how much to invest in building the size of the customer base vs consumer retention.

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Zhu, Zhenning, Lingcheng Kong, Jiaping Xie, Jing Li, and Bing Cao. "Contract coordination optimization of a multi-power supplier-single dominant grid supply chain in hybrid electricity market." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 9 (October 21, 2019): 1861–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2018-0340.

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Purpose In the hybrid electricity market, renewable energy power generator faces the uncertainty of power market demand and the randomness of the renewable energy generation output. In order to improve the grid-connected quantity of green power, the purpose of this paper is to design the pricing mechanism for renewable energy power generator with revenue-sharing contract in a two-stage “multi-single” electricity supply chain which contains a single dominant power retailer and two kinds of power suppliers providing different power energy species. Design/methodology/approach Considering the dual uncertainties of renewable energy power output and power market demand, the authors design the full-cooperative contract decision-making model, wholesale price contract decision-making model and revenue-sharing contract decision-making model to compare and optimize grid-connected pricing in order to maximize profit of different parties in power supply chain. Then, this paper performs a numerical simulation, discusses the existence of the equilibrium analytical solutions to satisfy the supply chain coordination conditions and analyzes the optimal contract parameters’ variation characteristics and their interaction relationship. Findings The authors find that the expected profits of the parties in the hybrid power supply chain are concave about their decision variables in each decision-making mode. The revenue-sharing contract can realize the Pareto improvement for all parties’ interest of the supply chain, and promote the grid-connected quantity of green power effectively. The grid-connected price will reduce with the increase of revenue-sharing ratio, and this impact will be greater on the renewable energy power. The greater the competition intensity in power supply side, the smaller the revenue-sharing ratio from power purchaser. And for the same rangeability of competition intensity, the revenue-sharing ratio reduction of thermal power is less than that of the green power. The more the government subsidizing green power supplier, the smaller the retailer sharing revenue to it. Practical implications Facing with the dual uncertainties of green power output and market demand and the competition of thermal power in hybrid electricity market, this study can provide a path to solve the problem of renewable energy power grid-connecting. The results can help green power become competitive in hybrid power market under loose regulations. And this paper suggests that the government subsidy policy should be more tactical in order to implement a revenue-sharing contract of the power supply chain. Originality/value This paper studies the renewable energy electricity grid-connected pricing under the uncertainty of power supply and market demand, and compares different contract decision-making strategies in order to achieve the power supply chain coordination. The paper also analyzes the competition between thermal power and renewable energy power in hybrid electricity market.

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PRUSHAN, V. "The strategy and tactics of pricing: A guide to profitable decision making (2nd edition) by Thomas T. Nagle and Reed K. Holden. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995. 409 + xi pages. $dollar;44.00." Journal of Product Innovation Management 12, no. 5 (November 1995): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0737-6782(95)90178-7.

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Jelenković, Sanja, Aleksandar Brzaković, and Branko Mihailović. "The role and importance of dealers (sellers) for the automobile market in Serbia." Oditor 6, no. 3 (2020): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/oditor2003007j.

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Cars are the most sophisticated mass-produced products and are the result of years of research and development. Due to this nature, the technological development of cars is, in general, unpredictable. Even when they meet expectations, consumer acceptance varies from one market to the next. Consumer markets consist of customers who want to spend or benefit from a purchased product and who do not buy the product for profit, as the main goal, but to meet their needs. The role of dealers in the automotive industry is of increasing importance to both production volume and car models. Without their presence, there is the question of product placement, product pricing, and marketing activities. The strategy of the manufacturer or dealer himself is of the utmost importance, as the company creates value and how it achieves a competitive advantage, while the cost advantage sources depend on the structure of the given industry. Also crucial for the auto industry is the supply chain of spare parts. Price is a strategic and tactical variable that influences sales volume.

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Pandey, Shivendra, Arpita Khare, and Preshth Bhardwaj. "Antecedents to local store loyalty: influence of culture, cosmopolitanism and price." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 43, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2013-0156.

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Purpose – Cosmopolitanism is on the rise in India and traditionally shoppers have been known to patronize local stores. There is a need therefore to see the effect of cosmopolitanism and culture in context of loyalty towards local stores. Grocery items constitute major portion of purchase from local stores, therefore, pricing was also considered as a variable affecting store loyalty. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – The paper used conclusive approach using a structured questionnaire for survey. The sample consisted of 710 respondents. There was almost an equal representation of both genders and also of metropolitan and non-metropolitan consumers. Findings – Culture and price affected local store loyalty directly. Cosmopolitanism was not found to have direct effect on loyalty. Within cultural dimensions, masculinity emerged as the most dominating trait. Minor modifications in cultural scale and major modifications in local store loyalty and cosmopolitanism are also suggested. Research limitations/implications – The study focuses only on three factors: price, culture, and cosmopolitanism. It does not examine influence of variables like personal values, lifestyle, and personality on local store loyalty behaviour. The research did not examine relationship between nature and type of product purchase decisions and its impact on store choice. Practical implications – Local stores need not be unduly worried with the incoming of organized players. The organized players should try to be cheaper and learn some tactics of local stores like customization, etc. There is a case for allowing FDI in multi-brand retail. Originality/value – Cosmopolitanism not affecting the local store loyalty directly is the original contribution of the paper. The finding casts doubts on the growth strategy of organized retailers who are opening new stores with the thinking that cosmopolitan consumer will shop from them instead of local retailers.

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Rista Sela, Lidya, and Habiburrahman Habiburrahman. "STRATEGI PEMASARAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN (STUDI KASUS UMKM DAPUR UMI DI DESA MUARA JAYA KABUPATEN LAMPUNG BARAT)." SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan 1, no. 7 (May 23, 2022): 1063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i7.122.

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Dapur Umi is one of the small and medium sized micro enterprises positioned in Muara Jaya Village, West Lampung Regency. However taking benefit of the booklet of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a large effect on Dapur Umi enterprise continuity. Dapur Umi, which formerly opened a store close to an excessive college (SMA), is now pressured to shut because of the Covid pandemic, which has required anybody to live at domestic. But, Dapur Umi maintains to run his enterprise with continual use until now via promoting at domestic thru net. With online sales that Dapur Umi will undertake as an end result, they could retain to live on and reply higher to modifications within the enterprise weather, specifically throughout this Covid-19 pandemic. The reason of this remark is to discover the maximum suitable advertising methods carried out in Dapur Umi amid the Covid-19 pandemic and analyze the limitations Dapur Umi faces at some stage in the Covid-19 pandemic of this studies layout makes use of analytical techniques qualitatively. The outcomes of the examine display that for UMKM to live on, enterprise actors want to make enterprise choices, mainly in the discipline of marketing. The advertising method being f shed via Dapur Umi to sustain its business for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic consists of product strategies, pricing techniques, merchandising tactics and placement processes. The obstacle for Dapur Umi to put into effect an advertising approach in order that it may live on at some point of the Covid-19 pandemic is the drop in clients because of the shortage of.

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MYROSHCHENKO, Nataliia, Oksana ZARYTSKA, and Anastasiia SYMAK. "Problems of commercialization of innovative products of industrial enterprises." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 12 (December 5, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.12.8.

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Introduction. The actuality of scientific research is confirmed by the fact that innovative activity is one of the key factors for straightening national competitiveness under the conditions of globalization. It is thanks to innovations that the business entity has the ability to develop its market positions, improve its economic efficiency and in turn create a bigger added value. At the same time, it is important to commercialize the results of the innovation activity are as much as possible, which aims at offering new high-tech products and services for the market. The effectiveness of its successful implementation enables innovation’s introduction on the market, as well as the achievement of its sustainable competitive advantages. That is why the problem of commercialization of innovative products should be seen by society, government, private business, scientists, because the solution of this problem lays in the competitiveness of goods and effects human life standards. The purpose of the work is to highlight the problems that arise during the innovative products’ commercialization and to offer solutions to them. Results. Based on the review and synthesis of literary sources, as well as the study of empirical data from domestic enterprises the key problems of high-tech products commercialization were identified, they include the following: the danger of premature diffusion of high-tech products, which is uncontrollable by the commercialization subjects; inaccuracy during the assessment of demand for high-tech products and forecasting their sales volume; the adequate choice strategy complexity and development of tactics for the promotion of high-tech products in the market; the lack of reasonable pricing approaches for high-tech products. Conclusion. The article presents the key problems of innovative products’ commercialization and their solutions. The main directions for solving these problems were developed. In order to ensure both process of innovative products’ commercialization and innovative activity in general we propose number of recommendations in order to form an extensive information base for employees of the management subsystem and business analysts.

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Dzholdasbaeva, G., and P. Beisekovа. "CLUSTER METHOD AND INTERACTION MECHANISMS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF GRAIN PRODUCTION." REPORTS 335, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1483.17.

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The mechanism of distribution relations regarding the exchange of intermediate products, resources and services and the distribution of income from the sale of final products on the external market is an important part of economic relations within the cluster. The distribution mechanism ensures that the interests of cluster subjects are respected, and the mechanism of the grain product cluster is based on the fact that revenues from the sale of final products are distributed along the chain of the technological cycle, distributed through prices, tariffs, and centralized funds created by the cluster participants. In the grain-product complex, when using market prices, some enterprises become profitable, some-unprofitable, and when clustering, these processes can be preserved. An important element of the regional grain cluster is large grain companies and holdings that have concentrated large grain receiving enterprises for receiving, drying, storing and shipping grain. They include high-performance flour milling enterprises that have modern equipment from international manufacturers. These companies also include large, medium and small agricultural enterprises that produce grain, which have developed their own technological strategy and production structure, tactics, market behavior, and pricing policy. Regulatory mechanisms should be used to regulate relationships between cluster entities, ensure interests, coordinate individual and corporate goals, and regulate internal assortment, resource, price, and other proportions: standards of exchange and distribution relations; prices for products and final products sold. The issues of forming optimal economic relations between regional cluster entities, ensuring the implementation of individual and corporate goals, and regulating assortment, resource, and price interests are complex. The main part of economic relations within a cluster is the mechanism of distribution relations arising from the exchange of intermediate products, resources and services and the distribution of income from the sale of final products on the foreign market. The distribution mechanism should ensure that the interests of cluster members are realized. It should also be noted the peculiarity of regional clusters as a broad field of activity of enterprises.

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Mason, Roger B. "Price Tactics For A Turbulent Environment: A Complexity Theory View." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2014): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i1.9036.

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This paper proposes that pricing tactics are influenced by the nature of the external environment. It illustrates the pricing tactics suggested for a turbulent, versus a stable, environment, when viewed through a complexity theory lens. A qualitative, case method, using depth interviews, investigated the pricing tactics in four firms to identify the tactics adopted in more successful, versus less successful, firms in turbulent versus stable environments. The results partially confirmed that the use of destabilizing pricing tactics can be helpful in a turbulent market, while stabilizing tactics can be helpful in a stable market. However, the effect of such tactics on business performance was not clear. These findings will benefit marketers by emphasizing a new way to consider future pricing activities. How this approach can assist marketers, and suggestions for further research, are provided. Since businesses and markets are complex adaptive systems, using complexity theory to understand how to cope in turbulent environments is necessary but has not been widely researched. Therefore, this paper can be seen as a foundation for research using complexity theory to better understand pricing tactics in turbulent environments.

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Shirai, Miyuri, and Takuya Satomura. "Unit pricing for multiple product sizes: identifying moderators and mediators of consumer evaluations." European Journal of Marketing 55, no. 5 (January 8, 2021): 1539–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-08-2018-0560.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the underlying process by which a brand’s unit pricing for multiple package sizes influences consumer evaluations by incorporating several mediators and moderators. Two-unit pricing tactics were examined: quantity discounts and surcharges. Design/methodology/approach Two online experiments were conducted to test the hypotheses. Study 1 examined the mediating role of consumers’ inferred motive for sellers in setting quantity discounts or surcharges in the relationship between the pricing tactics and consumer evaluations. Study 2 incorporated affect as a mediator, and price consciousness and unit price usage as moderators in this relationship. Findings The mediating role of inferred motive is supported. Motive is related to the sales volume. Furthermore, this mediation effect is more potent when consumers have stronger quantity discount belief. Further, the mediating role of affect is supported. It is more salient when consumers are frequent users of unit prices. Research limitations/implications This study compared two pricing tactics and did not include a control condition. The first digit of the unit price for the small package size was different between the pricing tactics. Practical implications When applying quantity surcharges to products, it is essential to provide additional information to consumers to preclude the possibility of negative evaluations. Originality/value This study makes a significant contribution by offering a deeper understanding of consumer responses to the pricing tactics. In particular, it reveals that pricing tactics trigger both cognitive and affective responses, which then influence evaluations of the pricing tactics. This elicited cognition is associated with deduction about sellers’ brand-size pricing behavior.

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Iyer, Gopalkrishnan R., Anthony D. Miyazaki, Dhruv Grewal, and Maria Giordano. "Linking Web‐based segmentation to pricing tactics." Journal of Product & Brand Management 11, no. 5 (September 2002): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420210442175.

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Farmaciawaty, Desy Anisya, Ahmad Danu Prasetyo, Niken Larasati, Raka Achmad Inggis, Novialita Ayu C. Wibowo Putri, and Nur Budi Mulyono. "Pricing Strategy and Pricing Determinant Factors in Sharing Logistics." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi 20, no. 2 (2021): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2021.20.2.1.

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Abstract. There is a significant change in our current business practices where the change leads the mainstream business practice into a new concept: Sharing Economy. In this research, the sharing economy will be narrowed down to a specific topic called sharing logistics. This research aims: (1) to identify the determinants that are perceived as a priority by customers in logistics service, (2) to explore the pricing method suitable for sharing logistic companies based on priority determinants, which are previously identified. To arrive at the objectives of the research, many works of literature were reviewed related to the matter of determinants and pricing strategies in the logistics service industry and related to the concept of sharing economy. Primary data was also collected through an interview with the expert of the leading logistic service company in Indonesia. In addition, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was conducted as well to find the proportion that represents determinants’ priority based on the perspective of the customers of logistic service providers and academic researchers. Hopefully, by identifying the determinants that are perceived as a priority by customers in logistics service, and with its appropriate pricing method, companies that run their business in logistics sharing will have a proper pricing method guideline in the first place. Keywords: Sharing economy, sharing logistics, pricing method, determinants of logistics service, analytical hierarchy process

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Apak, Sudi, Kamer Hagop Taşcıyan, Funda Sezgin, and Richard Lynch. "Pricing strategy: hedge funds." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 (2012): 544–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.04.067.

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Sinclair, Stuart. "Pricing." Journal of Business Strategy 14, no. 3 (March 1993): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039554.

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Heenan, David A. "Pricing." Journal of Business Strategy 14, no. 6 (June 1993): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb039597.

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Bespalyuk, Kh M., N. I. Horbal, and O. V. Denysyuk. "Psychological factors in the formation of pricing tactics." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 1 (2018): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2018.1-10.

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Hardesty, David M., William O. Bearden, and Jay P. Carlson. "Persuasion knowledge and consumer reactions to pricing tactics." Journal of Retailing 83, no. 2 (April 2007): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2006.06.003.

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Yeoman, Dr Ian. "Pricing." Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management 6, no. 1 (March 2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.rpm.5160062.

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Pitt, Leyland F., Pierre Berthon, Richard T. Watson, and Michael Ewing. "Pricing strategy and the net." Business Horizons 44, no. 2 (March 2001): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-6813(01)80022-7.

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Dasgupta, Sudipto, and Sheridan Titman. "Pricing Strategy and Financial Policy." Review of Financial Studies 11, no. 4 (October 1998): 705–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/11.4.705.

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Tan, Hua Shan, and Yang Yang. "Pricing Strategy of Cruise Companies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 4579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4579.

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This paper researches the product pricing problems of cruise companies in the oligopoly market, discusses a cooperative game model and a non cooperative game model, and gives equilibrium results of pricing game between two oligopoly companies by analyzing the solution of models.

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Kapoor, Anuj Pal, and Madhu Vij. "Onlymobiles.com: Redefine the Pricing Strategy." Asian Case Research Journal 23, no. 02 (December 2019): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927519500160.

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Mr. Shrutam Desai, the 38-year-old founder of Onlymobiles.com, was always ahead of the market trend. His love for travelling exposed him to various geographies, demographics and cultures and as a result, he was always ahead of the market curve in predicting the market dynamics. Onlymobiles. com was competing with hundreds of online as well offline retailers in the mobile phones and accessories market. Onlymobiles.com, were selling mobile and smart phones of smaller ticket size and most of the orders were purchased with CoD (cash on delivery) option. While, CoD was essential for sustainable and profitable growth, it posed challenges for the business. In order to compete with the established players and, at the same time, be profitable, Desai examined the options that would help Onlymobiles.com create its niche in the market. He weighed between a change in the retail strategy or a change in the service strategy for Onlymobiles.com.

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Ellickson, Paul B., Sanjog Misra, and Harikesh S. Nair. "Repositioning Dynamics and Pricing Strategy." Journal of Marketing Research 49, no. 6 (December 2012): 750–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.11.0068.

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Maeda, Yasunari. "Purchasing Strategy with Dynamic Pricing." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 142, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.142.145.

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Chang, Yang-Ming, Joel M. Potter, and Shane Sanders. "Inelastic sports ticket pricing, marginal win revenue, and firm pricing strategy." Managerial Finance 42, no. 9 (September 12, 2016): 922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-02-2016-0047.

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Purpose A standard result of firm theory is that a monopoly maximizes profit somewhere along the elastic portion of its demand curve. However, empirical studies of sports ticket pricing routinely find that (home) teams price along the inelastic portion of demand. Despite compelling theoretical explanations of this finding, at least one important factor remains unconsidered. A profit-maximizing team considers not only direct marginal revenue and direct marginal cost when setting a ticket price but also deferred, strategic benefit (revenue) from present game success. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Prior literature finds that a given win is valued in that it generates additional future revenue and likelihood of home victory rises, ceteris paribus, in crowd density. The authors construct a firm profit maximization problem in which a sports team considers both present and future revenue when pricing home games in the present period. Findings If the deferred benefit is sufficiently large, a forward-looking, profit-maximizing team prices along the inelastic portion of its static demand curve. Importantly, this same price falls along the elastic portion of the firm’s (empirically unobserved) dynamic demand curve. Originality/value This is the first model of sports ticket pricing to recognize the intertemporal nature of demand for a sports match.

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Sato, Kimitoshi, and Katsushige Sawaki. "A continuous-time dynamic pricing model knowing the competitor’s pricing strategy." European Journal of Operational Research 229, no. 1 (August 2013): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2013.02.022.

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Liang, Ling, Lin Tian, Jiaping Xie, Jianhong Xu, and Weisi Zhang. "Optimal pricing model of car-sharing: market pricing or platform pricing." Industrial Management & Data Systems 121, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 594–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-04-2020-0230.

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PurposeThe car-sharing market has entered the mature stage, and consumers' demand shows a diversified increasing trend. This paper considers two modes of operation and two pricing strategies, which are business-to-consumer and consumer-to-consumer modes, market pricing and platform pricing. Under these conditions, the platform's revenue-sharing ratio will be different. The purpose of this paper is to explore this research question, and seeks an optimal pricing mechanism that can achieve a win–win situation between platform and automobile manufacturer in the two market modes.Design/methodology/approachThe authors design different profit functions for platform under the two contexts. Of course, the platform's function is constrained to the manufacturer's function. By introducing a revenue-sharing contract a Stackelberg game model dominated by the platform is established and the equilibrium solutions under the two pricing models are derived.FindingsThe study found that even if only market pricing is executed, the scale of the car-sharing market will continue to expand. As the car-sharing market becomes more saturated, platform pricing is better for the automobile manufacturer; in most cases, the platform prefers platform pricing, but when the number of private cars is relatively small, if the cost of car operation and maintenance for the automobile manufacturer is lower or the revenue-sharing ratio of private cars is high, then market pricing will be more favorable to the platform.Practical implicationsWith the cross-border integration of car service platforms and the automobile manufacturing industry, the key to achieving win–win cooperation and sustainable development in the car-sharing market will converge on the question of how to design a suitable pricing mechanism and revenue-sharing method.Originality/valueAuthors have determined how a car-sharing platform achieves a win–win order pricing strategy with the manufacturer and private car owners, respectively. And authors combined the supply chain revenue-sharing contract with the car-sharing market to explore the application of the revenue-sharing contract in the sharing economy.

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Hill, Ronald Paul, David L. Ramp, and Linda Silver. "The Rent-to-Own Industry and Pricing Disclosure Tactics." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 17, no. 1 (March 1998): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569801700102.

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The authors investigate the retail pricing tactics of the rent-to-own (RTO) industry through an examination of a recent court ruling and primary data. More specifically, the authors describe a typical RTO transaction and analyze a recent court case that is representative of current rulings. Next, the authors conduct a qualitative investigation of consumers’ experiences with RTO retailers that is grounded in public/social policy theory involving impoverished consumers. The article ends with a discussion of retail pricing options and disclosure requirements, as well as grass-roots opportunities for consumer protection.

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Zhou, Ji Chang. "Pricing Strategy Study on Environmental Pollution Liability Insurance in China." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 1529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1529.

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The research discovered that the calculation pricing theory, the risk effectiveness pricing theory, the financial pricing theory is the pricing main theory basis, adopts the option pricing and in the calculation pricing union, the pricing method in the pricing technology uses one by one method and the classification unifies, adopts the corresponding pricing strategy in the practical application, only then can calculate conforms to the insurance enterprise, the insurance company, the third party wish and the benefit price.

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Kovaleva, I. P. "Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Pricing Policy of the Organization: Practical Aspect (on the Example of JSC “Verkhnebakansky Cement Plant”)." Accounting. Analysis. Auditing 6, no. 3 (June 5, 2019): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2019-6-3-57-67.

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The theoretical concepts of evaluating the effectiveness of the pricing policy of an organization are fairly fully represented in both Russian and foreign sources. However, the practical aspects of this issue, often related to the specifics of the activities of each individual domestic enterprise, its financial and pricing policies, have their own characteristics. This is especially true in conditions of instability, when commercial organizations are forced to look for various ways and methods to optimize their activities. One of such methods is the study of the financial results of the organization’s activities when applying various pricing tactics, for example, using discounts and without them for regular customers. To achieve this goal, it is recommended to conduct a variety of analytical procedures based on accounting data. At the same time, projected financial results for the enterprise can be calculated and the main directions for optimizing its pricing policy will be selected. For example, improving: pricing in terms of upgrading information support; pricing process through the use of new methods in the field of planning and forecasting prices; pricing policy by changing its main elements such as methods, strategies and tactics. Taking into account the specifics of the organization’s activities, various directions and tools are offered for using these methods in pricing. For the cement industry in particular one of the ways to improve the efficiency of the pricing process can be offering retail sales at the price of the main price list. Thus, by analyzing the pricing policy of an enterprise and making conclusions about the influence of various factors on its effectiveness, it is possible to significantly improve the organization’s activities, having a positive effect on its financial results, both in the current period and in the future.

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Popov, Dragomir, and Femi Odebiyi. "PRICING MODELS IN A CAPTIVE MARKET: A CASE STUDY OF LCC DORMITORIES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 23, 2017): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.955.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the residentsâ€™ preference among three pricing strategies: a la carte pricing strategy, limited choice pricing strategy, and bundled pricing strategy. The study analyzes the correlation between the year of study of the dormitory residents and the preferred pricing strategy. It uses an online survey for LCC International University students who were enrolled for the 2015-2016 academic year. A fixed choice set analysis is performed to analyze 126 valid responses. The results show that 42.4% of the respondents prefer an a la carte pricing strategy, contrary to the currently limited choice pricing strategy employed by LCC residency halls. Additionally, the study finds out that the residents are more likely to switch their preference from a bundled pricing strategy to an a la carte pricing strategy the higher their year of study is. Resident preferences for pricing strategies can provide dormitory operators with valuable information on establishing best pricing structures.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pricing strategy and tactics of pricing'

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