Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prickle

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Prickle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Prickle"

1

Khadgi, Archana, and Courtney A. Weber. "Morphological Characterization of Prickled and Prickle-free Rubus Using Scanning Electron Microscopy." HortScience 55, no. 5 (May 2020): 676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14815-20.

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Caneberry crops (raspberry and blackberry) are globally commercialized specialty crops with a high fresh market value. Field management of canes and harvesting of fruits can be complicated by the presence of prickles (the botanically accurate term rather than spines or thorns) on the stems, petioles, and underside of the leaves. Both field management and fruit harvesting could be simplified by the development of cultivars with prickle-free canes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze and compare prickle development in different Rubus species. Comparisons were made between prickled vs. prickle-free red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.), blackberry (Rubus hybrid), complex hybrid with purple fruit (R. occidentalis × R. idaeus), and the hairy and prickled wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim). Samples from stems and leaves with petioles attached were used for imaging. There were distinct differences between prickled vs. prickle-free phenotypes in each species. The images of prickle development suggest that prickles either develop directly from glandular trichomes (in red raspberry and wineberry) or that the signal originates from glandular trichomes (in blackberry). Black raspberry prickle development was similar to that of blackberry, suggesting that prickles developed after a developmental signal from glandular trichomes rather than as a direct development from glandular trichomes. The prickle development in the purple hybrid was unique in the presence of one-sided lumps in the trichomes, which has not been seen in any other Rubus species to date; however, both prickled and prickle-free plants exhibited simple nonglandular trichomes. Unlike previous studies, an increase in the number of simple trichomes was not specific to prickle-free plants, but rather variability among the different genotypes was observed. This study adds to the basic understanding of prickle development in the genus Rubus as a first step in the development of prickle-free versions of important cultivars through gene-editing procedures for improving the ease of field management and harvesting.
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Khadgi, Archana, and Courtney A. Weber. "Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) for Examining the Genomics Controlling Prickle Production in Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)." Agronomy 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010027.

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Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is an expanding high-value berry crop worldwide. The presence of prickles, outgrowths of epidermal tissues lacking vasculature, on the canes, petioles, and undersides of leaves complicates both field management and harvest. The utilization of cultivars with fewer prickles or prickle-free canes simplifies production. A previously generated population segregating for prickles utilizing the s locus between the prickle-free cultivar Joan J (ss) and the prickled cultivar Caroline (Ss) was analyzed to identify the genomic region associated with prickle development in red raspberry. Genotype by sequencing (GBS) was combined with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) to analyze 8474 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and identify significant markers associated with the prickle-free trait. A total of four SNPs were identified on chromosome 4 that were associated with the phenotype and were located near or in annotated genes. This study demonstrates how association genetics can be used to decipher the genetic control of important horticultural traits in Rubus, and provides valuable information about the genomic region and potential genes underlying the prickle-free trait.
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Khadgi, Archana, and Courtney A. Weber. "RNA-Seq Analysis of Prickled and Prickle-Free Epidermis Provides Insight into the Genetics of Prickle Development in Red Raspberry (Rubus ideaus L.)." Agronomy 10, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 1904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10121904.

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Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is a globally commercialized specialty crop with growing demand worldwide. The presence of prickles on the stems, petioles and undersides of the leaves complicates both the field management and harvesting of raspberries. An RNA sequencing analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes in the epidermal tissue of prickled “Caroline” and prickle-free “Joan J.” and their segregating progeny. Expression patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in prickle-free plants revealed the downregulation of some vital development-related transcription factors (TFs), including a MIXTA-like R2R3-MYB family member; MADS-box; APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) and NAM, ATAF1/2 and CUC2 (NAC) in prickle-free epidermis tissue. The downregulation of these TFs was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis, indicating a key regulatory role in prickle development. This study adds to the understanding of prickle development mechanisms in red raspberries needed for utilizing genetic engineering strategies for developing prickle-free raspberry cultivars and, possibly, other Rubus species, such as blackberry (Rubus sp.) and black raspberry (R. occidentalis L.).
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Zhang, Lei, Haoyun Sun, Tao Xu, Tianye Shi, Zongyun Li, and Wenqian Hou. "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Involved in Prickle Development in Eggplant." Genes 12, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12030341.

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Eggplant is one of the most important vegetables worldwide. Prickles on the leaves, stems and fruit calyxes of eggplant may cause difficulties during cultivation, harvesting and transportation, and therefore is an undesirable agronomic trait. However, limited knowledge about molecular mechanisms of prickle morphogenesis has hindered the genetic improvement of eggplant. In this study, we performed the phenotypic characterization and transcriptome analysis on prickly and prickleless eggplant genotypes to understand prickle development at the morphological and molecular levels. Morphological analysis revealed that eggplant prickles were multicellular, lignified and layered organs. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified key pathways and hub genes involved in the cell cycle as well as flavonoid biosynthetic, photosynthetic, and hormone metabolic processes during prickle development. Interestingly, genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis were up-regulated in developing prickles, and genes associated with photosynthesis were down-regulated in developing and matured prickles. It was also noteworthy that several development-related transcription factors such as bHLH, C2H2, MYB, TCP and WRKY were specifically down- or up-regulated in developing prickles. Furthermore, four genes were found to be differentially expressed within the Pl locus interval. This study provides new insights into the regulatory molecular mechanisms underlying prickle morphogenesis in eggplant, and the genes identified might be exploited in breeding programs to develop prickleless eggplant cultivars.
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Kellogg, Allicia A., Tatum J. Branaman, Nathan M. Jones, Coleman Z. Little, and John-David Swanson. "Morphological studies of developing Rubus prickles suggest that they are modified glandular trichomes." Botany 89, no. 4 (April 2011): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b11-008.

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Prickles are defined as outgrowths of epidermal tissues and can provide a simple developmental system for the study of the control of cell proliferation and growth. Setting the stage for future studies on gene regulation in the genus Rubus (brambles), a detailed analysis and staging series of prickle development in Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus L. (red raspberry) is presented and compared with Rubus L. subsp. rubus Watson (blackberry) and Rosa hybrida L. 'Radtko' (rose). Morphological measurements from light and scanning electron micrographs were used to subdivide prickle development into four stages. Our studies indicate that raspberry and rose prickles are modified glandular trichomes continuing to grow and eventually hardening into their final prickle morphologies as outgrowths of epidermal tissue. Although glandular trichomes seem to be involved in blackberry prickle development, our studies indicate that these prickles do not follow the same developmental progression as raspberry, suggesting a potential evolutionary deviation from what is commonly seen in raspberry and rose.
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Shupert, David, David H. Byrne, and H. Brent Pemberton. "Genetic Study of Leaflet Number and Prickles in Roses." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1102A—1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1102a.

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Research with the Basye Rose Breeding and Genetic Program at Texas A&M University has developed rose populations to use to study the genetic nature of leaf, stem, and several other rose traits. The rose populations are from the backcross of Rosachinensis`Old Blush' to WOB (interspecific hybridization of the diploid parents Rosawichuariana `Basye's Thornless' and `Old Blush'). The qualitative trait of presence of stem prickles and the quantitative traits of stem prickle density and leaflet number were observed in three field locations. Two locations are in College Station, Texas, and one location in Overton, Texas. The qualitative trait of presence of stem prickles supports the reported monogenic modes of inheritance. The presence of stem prickles (dominant) had a segregation ratio of 1:1 for prickles: no prickles. Prickle density and leaflet number demonstrated a quantitative mode of inheritance. For prickle density the genotype was significant and environment was nonsignificant. For leaflet number the genotype/generation was significant and environment was nonsignificant. This shows that genotype influences prickle density and leaflet number expression. The genotype by environment interaction was nonsignificant for all traits.
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Naebe, Maryam, Bruce McGregor, Melanie Dowling, and David Tester. "Prickle discomfort assessment of commercial knitted wool garments." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-03-2017-0023.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the significant factors important for prickle discomfort properties of commercial wool knitwear and to analyse information on variability of garments manufactured over two decades, a total of 177 purchased garments were tested. Design/methodology/approach The relationship between the attributes of the reversed engineered garments and garment comfort, as assessed by Wool ComfortMeter, was determined. Findings The results indicate that: mean fibre diameter had the most significant effect on prickle assessment; the coefficient of variation of fibre diameter interacted with fabric thickness in affecting prickle discomfort; and rib knit structures were pricklier than single jersey structures. Originality/value The results provide objective evidence that the consumer surveys reporting dissatisfaction with the prickle discomfort of wool are based on real consumer experiences of prickle discomfort and are not based on “prejudice” against wool garments.
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Garnsworthy, R. K., R. L. Gully, P. Kenins, R. J. Mayfield, and R. A. Westerman. "Identification of the physical stimulus and the neural basis of fabric-evoked prickle." Journal of Neurophysiology 59, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 1083–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.59.4.1083.

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1. The neurophysiological basis for the sensation of prickle evoked by contact of some fabrics with the skin is reported. 2. Single-unit sensory nerve recordings from the rabbit saphenous nerve were used to identify the receptors responsible for fabric-evoked prickle. These recordings showed that all low-threshold mechanoreceptors were activated by fabric, but they did not show differential response to prickly and nonprickly fabrics. 3. However, the response of some nociceptors, both A delta and polymodal C, differed according to the prickliness of fabrics. Some of these receptors responded to fine von Frey hairs with buckling loads of at least 75 mgf. This suggested that the prickle stimuli on the fabric surface were protruding fiber ends that exerted loads of 75 mgf, or more, against the skin. 4. A Teflon replication technique was devised for estimating the density of these fiber ends. Estimates of the sensation magnitude of prickle from graded fabric sets by a panel of 55 subjects correlated (coefficient 0.91) with this measure of fiber end density. 5. We conclude from these results that fabric-evoked prickle is the result of low-grade activity in nociceptors and that the stimuli are protruding fiber ends exerting loads of approximately 75 mgf or more against the skin.
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Naylor, G. R. S., C. J. Veitch, R. J. Mayfield, and R. Kettlewell. "Fabric-Evoked Prickle." Textile Research Journal 62, no. 8 (August 1992): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759206200809.

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A simple subjective test method is described to evaluate the prickliness of fabric samples, and its reproducibility and consistency are assessed. The test is used to evaluate the prickliness of a set of wool knitted samples covering a range of fiber diameters. The finer (19 micron) wool samples are nonprickly, and prickle increases as the mean fiber diameter increases. Reducing fiber/fiber friction with silicones reduces prickle, suggesting that a reduction of fiber/fiber friction is an important mechanism in antiprickle treatments.
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Feng, Li-Guo, Xiao-Fang Luan, Jia Wang, Wei Xia, Meng Wang, and Li-Xia Sheng. "Cloning and expression analysis of transcription factor RrTTG1 related to prickle development in rose (Rosa Rugosa)." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 4 (2015): 1219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs150310098f.

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A prickle is an acuminate protuberance formed by the deformation of plant trichomes together with a few cortical cells. It is a type of multicellular eglandular trichome with special morphology, which originates from the phloem but is not connected to the xylem. Rosa rugosa is an important ornamental/commercial plant and an important raw material in the food and perfume industries. However, the firm prickles on its stems are inconvenient to field management, the harvesting of flowers and garden management. The TTG1 transcription factor related to the development of prickle was isolated from R. rugosa in the present study. Its expression patterns in different tissues and varieties were analyzed. Results showed the expression level of the RrTTG1 gene was highest in the leaves, followed by the stems, but was lower in the pericarps and petals. Moreover, the higher expression level of the RrTTG1 gene in all tissues of the ?Ciguo rose?, as compared with that of the ?Weihai wild rose?, follows the results of field morphological observation. Therefore, the RrTTG1 transcription factor is likely to regulate the development of rose prickles. This study allows for further discussion on the molecular mechanisms of prickle formation and development in R. rugosa and provides a molecular basis for the cultivation of roses with fewer or no prickles via genetic engineering.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prickle"

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Ehaideb, Salleh Nasser. "Elucidating the mechanism of prickle associated epilepsy in flies." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5463.

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About 5% to 10% of epileptic patients suffer from Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME), which is characterized by spasms of the arms, ataxia (uncoordinated movements), and general tonic-clonic seizures. In a recent study, a group of patients with myoclonic epilepsy was found to harbor mutations in the PRICKLE1 and PRICKLE2 genes. This suggested that PRICKLE genes might be linked to epilepsy, and given that PRICKLE is highly evolutionarily conserved (including in fruit flies), we decided to use Drosophila in order to determine, first, whether flies with prickle mutations were seizure-prone, and if so, to then use the powerful genetic tools of Drosophila to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the prickle-associated epilepsy. In this work, we show that mutation of the pksple isoform (one of the two adult prickle isoforms in flies) lowers the seizure threshold in the mutant flies (resulting in seizure activity), while mutation of the other adult isoform, pkpk, had no effect. This was demonstrated through both behavioral assays (where the pksple mutant flies showed a reduction in recovery of climbing behavior after being subjected to mechanical stimulation while the pkpk mutant flies did not) as well as electrophysiological analysis (where pksple mutants were shown to be hyperexcitable after electrical stimulation, while the pkpk allele showed no change in spiking activity). We demonstrated that the underlying mechanism of the hyperexcitability seen in the pksple flies was due to enhanced anterograde transport on microtubule (MT) tracks in neurons, the main route for transport in neurons, which could be suppressed by reducing the dose of either of two Kinesin motor proteins, the motors involved in anterograde transport in neurons. On the other hand, the pkpk mutants showed the reverse effect, exhibiting a significant reduction in vesicle transport dynamics. We showed that microtubule polarity could be partially reversed by tipping the balance of the pk isoforms similar to what is seen in the pkpk mutants (such that a large percentage of MTs now had their plus ends oriented towards the cell body, which is extremely rare in axons), suggesting that the vesicle transport defects seen in the pkpk mutants might be due to mixed polarity of MTs. Next, we showed that the seizure-prone pksple mutants, but not the pkpk mutants, exhibited a myoclonic form of epilepsy, as well as abnormal walking patterns and uncoordinated movements, paralleling the ataxia phenotype seen in the epileptic patients with PRICKLE mutations. These data suggest that the primary aspects of the epilepsy-ataxia syndrome seen in patients with PRICKLE mutations are recapitulated in flies, which underscores the utility of using the fruit fly genetic system to model this disorder. Finally, our preliminary results suggest that the pk alleles have different effects on neuronal morphology due to changes in sizes of terminal boutons at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in larvae. These data suggest that pk is having a direct effect on synaptic formation and likely function. In conclusion, by using our Drosophila model system, we were able to link prickle mutations to epilepsy as well as identify the cellular mechanism of the prickle-associated epilepsy, a novel epilepsy mechanism previously associated with neurodegeneration. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a gene that, when mutated, will cause seizures in flies, zebrafish, mice, and humans, indicating that the role of prickle in controlling seizure activity is remarkably conserved in animals. Significantly, since about one third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to current AEDs, our fly model and the techniques we have developed will enable us to conduct drug screens for testing potential chemical compounds as new AEDs.
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Veeman, Michael Terrence. "Zebrafish prickle : non-canonical Wnt/PCP functions in vertebrate gastrulation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/4999.

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Lin, Yung-Yao Steven. "Functional analysis of Prickle isoforms in planar cell polarity in Drosophila." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614719.

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Tree, David Robert Paul. "The role of prickle in the specification of planar polarity in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621554.

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Coulson, D. "The genetic analysis of prickle and spiny-legs : two cuticular polarity mutants of Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319909.

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Green, Clare Patricia. "A molecular analysis of the tissue polarity gene Prickle and associated transcripts in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298071.

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Mei, Xue. "Wnt/planar cell polarity mechanisms in epilepsy and interactions with ciliopathy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4695.

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The Wnt signaling network has critical roles in embryonic development and is implicated in human disease. One of the outputs of the Wnt network, called the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, regulates tissue polarity and directs cell migration. Core PCP components (Frizzled, Dishevelled, Prickle, Vangl, Celsr) localize asymmetrically in polarized cells and establish polarity across the tissue through protein interactions between adjacent cells. The core PCP component activate tissue-specific "effectors" which translate the signal into morphological changes. PCP is related to several disease conditions, including neural tube defects, cystic kidney disease, and cance metastasis. However, mechanisms of the PCP underlying physiological and disease-related conditions are not well understood. Here, I explore functions of the core PCP component Pk, and its relationship to disease, in the zebrafish model system. Mutations in Pk1 and Pk2 have been identified in human progressive myoclonic epilepsy patients. Pk coodinate cell movement, neuronal migration and axonal outgrowth during embryonic development. Yet, how dysfunctions of pk relates to epilepsy is unknown. Here, I show that knockdown of pk1a sensitizes the zebrafish larva to convulsant drug. To model the defects in central nervous system, I examine neurogenesis in the retina and find that both pk1a and pk2 are required for proper dendritic outgrowth in the retinal inner plexiform layer. Furthermore, I characterize the epilepsy-related mutant forms of Pk1a and Pk2. The mutant Pk1a forms show reduced ability to suppress the retinal neurogenesis defects compared to the wild-type, as well as differential ubiquitination levels. Pk2 mutant forms also show differential activities in overexpression assays and seemingly more stable proteins relative to the wild-type. Taken together, pk1a and pk2 may contribute to epilepsy by affecting neuronal patterning and thus signal processing. Another aspect of PCP function has been implicated in cilia and cilia-related disorders, also called ciliopathy. PCP effectors have been shown to modulate ciliogenesis and core PCP proteins (Vang and Dvl) regulate cilia orientation. On the other hand, cilia are not required for PCP signaling, especially asymmetric core PCP protein localization. These findings leave open the question what is the precise relationship between PCP and cilia. The Bardet Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is a type of ciliopathy that leads to obesity, retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, mental retardation and other symptons. A subset of BBS genes share similar knockdown phenotype in cell migration as seen in PCP knockdown embryos. Shared pehnotypes have led some to proposethat PCP and bbs genes may interact. Yet a direct relationship has yet to be established. I examine the interaction between pk2 and a central Bbs gene, bbs7. By analyzing shared phenotypes in double knockdown embryos, I find no synergistic interaction between the two, suggesting they act in distinct pathways. Bbs regulate ciliary trafficking and in zebrafish, knockdown of bbs genes leads to delayed retrograde melanosome transport. Interestingly, I find knockdown of pk2 suppresses this retrograde transport delay. Additionally, pk2 knockdown embryos show a delay in anterograde melanosome transport. These findings highlight a new role for pk2 in intracellular transport and clarifies the relationship between PCP and BBS. In summary, my work here strengthens the link between pk mutations and human epilepsy and identifies functions of pk in retinal neurogenesis and in intracellular transport. To what extent the role of neurogenesis and intracellular transport are related is worth future study. Yet, this new information provides insights into potential mechanisms of epilepsy and the relationship between PCP and BBS.
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Sowers, Levi Paul. "Humans and Mice with Prickle Mutations Show a Propensity for Epilepsy and Display Autism-Like Behaviors with Evidence for Hippocampal Synaptic Dysfunction." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4914.

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The synapse is essential for normal neuronal communication and synaptic abnormalities could underlie many neuronal pathologies leading to such diseases as epilepsy and autism. Recent reports suggest that the Wnt signaling pathway is essential for normal synaptic development and function. However the role of specific Wnt ligands and their downstream signaling molecules play in synapse formation and function remain unclear. PRICKLE1 (PK1) and PRICKLE2 (PK2) are downstream Wnt signaling molecules which are suggested to play essential roles in neuronal function. PK1 was recently shown to be mutated in three large families with epilepsy, and Pk2 interacts with post-synaptic density 95 and subunits of the NMDA receptor. Although it seems clear that PK1 and PK2 are critical for normal neuronal function, their role in synaptic function and animal behavior remain to be investigated. In Aim1, we show that mutations in prickle (pk) genes are associated with seizures in humans, mice, and flies. We identified human epilepsy patients with heterozygous mutations in either PK1 or PK2. In overexpression assays in zebrafish, pk mutations resulted in aberrant pk function. A seizure phenotype was present in the Pk1-null mutant mouse, two Pk1 point mutant (missense and nonsense) mice, and a Pk2-null mutant mouse. Drosophila with pk mutations displayed seizures that were responsive to anti-epileptic medication, and homozygous mutant embryos showed neuronal defects. In aim 2, we describe two families with ASD-specific mutations in the non-canonical Wnt gene PK2. These mutations reduced the co-localization of the human PK2 protein with PSD-95, another protein implicated in ASDs. Studying Pk2 function in mice, we found that disrupting Pk2 in mouse hippocampal neurons reduced dendrite branching, synapse number, and post-synaptic density size. Consistent with these findings, disrupting Pk2 decreased the frequency and size of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents. Interestingly, these phenotypes were rescued by wild-type human PK2, but not the ASD-associated PK2 mutants suggesting that these mutations cause a critical loss of PK2 function. Behavioral studies in Pk2-/- mice suggest that loss of Pk2 function lead to ASD-like behaviors. These studies provide new insight into the biological roles of PK2, its behavioral importance, and firmly link non-canonical Wnt signaling abnormalities and ASDs. Together, Aim1 and 2 show that the Pk proteins are critical regulators of normal neuronal function and suggest that Pk2 could be a link between epilepsy and autism.
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Carr, David A. "The Role of Farnesyltransferase β-subunit in Neuronal Polarity in Caenorhabditis Elegans." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23784.

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Little is known about the molecular components and interactions of the planar cell polarity pathway that regulate neuronal polarity. This study uses a prkl-1 induced backwards locomotion defect as an array to perform a prkl-1 suppressor screen in C. elegans looking for new components of the planar cell polarity pathway involved in the neuronal polarization of VC4 and VC5. The screen discovered twelve new alleles of vang-1, one new allele of fntb-1 and five new mutations in unknown polarity genes. fntb-1 encodes for the worm ortholog of Farnesyltransferase β-subunit and is important for neuronal polarization. Acting cell and non-cell autonomously, fntb-1 regulates the function and localization of prkl-1 through the recognition of a CAAX motif. Therefore, fntb-1 modifies prkl-1 to regulate the neuronal polarity of VC4 and VC5.
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Tanner, Raymond. "A Role for the Planar Cell Polarity Pathway in Neuronal Positioning Along the AP Axis of C. elegans." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31521.

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We sought to investigate the role of the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway in neuronal positioning along the Anterior-Posterior (AP) axis of C. elegans, and chose the worm’s DD-type motor neurons as a model. The six DD neurons (DD1-DD6) are evenly spaced in the ventral nerve cord of wild type animals. Here we showed that mutations in core PCP genes caused DD neuron spacing and positioning defects. prkl-1 double mutant combinations with vang-1 and fmi-1 showed a suppression of the more severe prkl-1 single mutant defects, which was evidence of genetic interactions between these PCP components. We also conducted a candidate screen of Frizzled, Dishevelled, Wnt, and ROCK genes, and found that dsh-1/Dishevelled, mom-2/Wnt and let-502/ROCK also played roles in DD neuronal positioning. Both vang-1 and prkl-1 were found to function within the nervous system to guide DD neuronal positioning, and prkl-1 was further identified as playing a cell autonomous role. The origins of observed DD neuron anterior positioning defects were investigated during embryogenesis, in which 1.5 fold stage prkl-1(ok3182) embryos displayed delayed intercalation of the DD neurons. This represents a novel role for the PCP pathway in mediating DD neuronal intercalation.
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Books on the topic "Prickle"

1

Wilkinson, Lisa. Prickle says I'm sorry. Cincinnati, Ohio: Standard Pub., 1999.

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Redd, Mary Allen. The world of Holly Prickle. Fairfax, Va: Shenandoah Books, 1993.

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Thompson, Ronda. Prickly pear. New York: Dorchester Pub., 1999.

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Prickly animals. Minneapolis, MN: Jump!, Inc., 2016.

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Tshiswaise, Azwitamisi Lawrence Tamsanqa. Prickly pear. Pretoria: Skotaville Media Publications, 2005.

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Prickly plants. New York: PowerKids Press, 2012.

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Nichols, Catherine. Prickly Porcupines. New York: Bearport Publishing Company, Inc., 2008.

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ill, Halpern Shari, ed. Tickly prickly. New York: HarperFestival, 1999.

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Prickly porcupines. New York, N.Y: Bearport Pub., 2009.

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Bodicoat, Linda J. Prickly tales. Leicester: Leicester Hedgehog Rescue, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Prickle"

1

Fujimura, Lisa, and Masahiko Hatano. "Role of Prickle1 and Prickle2 in Neurite Outgrowth in Murine Neuroblastoma Cells." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 173–85. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-510-7_14.

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Harris, Amanda. "A Prickly Alliance." In History, Herstory, 375–88. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/9783412333768-023.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Lactuca serriola (Prickly lettuce)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 1336–38. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_506.

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Yahia, Elhadi M. "Prickly Pear Fruit and Cladodes." In Crop Post-Harvest: Science and Technology, 264–85. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444354652.ch13.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Argemone mexicana (Mexican prickly poppy)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 189. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_81.

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Hannagan, Tim. "Price." In Marketing for the Non-profit Sector, 127–43. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11632-4_9.

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McAllister-Williams, R. Hamish, Daniel Bertrand, Hans Rollema, Raymond S. Hurst, Linda P. Spear, Tim C. Kirkham, Thomas Steckler, et al. "Price." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1066. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_3494.

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Kucuk, S. Umit. "Price." In Visualizing Marketing, 29–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48027-5_4.

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Lancaster, Geoff, and Paul Reynolds. "Price." In Marketing, 169–89. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-37409-6_8.

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Holloway, Joseph William, and Jianping Wu. "Price." In Red Meat Science and Production, 65–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7856-0_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Prickle"

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Asad, Rabie Ahmed Mohammed, Naftali Kiplagat, and Weidong YU. "Subjective Evaluations of Fabric Wear Prickle Sensation by Using New Rating Scale." In 2015 International Conference on Materials, Environmental and Biological Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mebe-15.2015.76.

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Stevenson, Dennis Wm. "Spines and Prickles." In CYCAD 2011. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275389.005.

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Castleberry, Dennis G., Frank Löffler, Steven R. Brandt, and Hari Krishnan. "The Prickly Pear Archive." In the 1st Conference of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2335755.2335840.

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Schaub, Florian, Peter Lang, Bastian Könings, and Michael Weber. "PriCal." In UbiComp '13: The 2013 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2494091.2494163.

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Schaub, Florian, Bastian Könings, Peter Lang, Björn Wiedersheim, Christian Winkler, and Michael Weber. "PriCal." In UbiComp '14: The 2014 ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2632048.2632087.

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Desmorieux, H., and L. Hassini. "Drying parameters influence on ‘Ameclyae’ Opuntia ficus prickly pear oil quality." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7861.

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Abstract:
The aim of this work is to study the effects of drying conditions on the quality of extracted pricly pear seed oil, specifically α-tocopherol content. Drying experiments were carried on following a full 23 factorial design using a vertical drying tunnel. The temperature range was 45 to 70°C, relative humidity range was 15 - 30% and air velocity was 1 and 2 m/s. The Midilli-Kucuk model was found with satisfaction describing the seed air drying curves with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and a standard error of 0.01. For each drying condition, the extraction of fixed oil seeds was performed at cold using mechanical pressing method. The oil quality was evaluated on the basis of the a-tocopherol content. The a-tocopherol was identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). According to the experimental results, it was found that convective drying of thin layer of seeds at soft air conditions, drying temperature of 45°C, relative humidity of 15% and air velocity of 1m/s give the optimal quality of extracted oil in terms of a-tocopherol content.Keywords: prickly pear seeds; convective drying; semi-empirical modeling; a-tocopherol seed oil; optimization.
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"The effect of fire channelling on fire severity in the 2009 Victorian fires, Australia." In 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2013). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2013.a3.price.

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Liang, Ma. "Price point and price rigidity: One micro-basis of price rigidity theory." In Business Management and Electronic Information. 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5921054.

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Cayabyab, Gerald T., Reynaldo E. Castillo, Paula Jean M. Castro, and Walter Van J. Ramos. "Price Watch." In ICISS 2019: 2019 the 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3322645.3322705.

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Daley, G. C., and D. R. Elmer. "Understanding Minimum Sales Price and Maximum Purchase Price." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/19858-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Prickle"

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Heal, Geoffrey. Price Uncertainty and Price-Contingent Securities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23723.

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Anderson, Kym, Maros Ivanic, and Will Martin. Food Price Spikes, Price Insulation and Poverty. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19530.

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Dana, James, and Kevin Williams. Intertemporal Price Discrimination in Sequential Quantity-Price Games. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26794.

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Stiglitz, Joseph. Addressing Climate Change through Price and Non-Price Interventions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25939.

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Dubé, Jean-Pierre, and Sanjog Misra. Scalable Price Targeting. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23775.

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Sohngen, Brent L., and Richard W. Haynes. Hardwood price reporting. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-470.

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Dávila, Eduardo, and Cecilia Parlatore. Identifying Price Informativeness. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25210.

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Uribe, Martín. Staggered Price Indexation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27657.

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Economou, Andreas. Oil Price Shocks. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781784670665.

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Borovička, Jaroslav, Lars Peter Hansen, Mark Hendricks, and José Scheinkman. Risk Price Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15506.

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