Academic literature on the topic 'Primary communication fluxes'

Flax for oil seed is a crop of increasing popularity, but its cultivation needs technical improvement. Important agronomic traits such as productivity and resistance to stresses are to be regarded as the result of the combined responses of individual organs and their inter-communication. Ultimately, these responses directly reflect the metabolic profile at the cellular level. Above ground, the complexity of the plant phenotype is governed by leaves at different developmental stages, and their ability to synthesise and exchange metabolites. In this study, the metabolic profile of differently-developed leaves was used firstly to discriminate flax leaf developmental stages, and secondly to analyse the allocation of the metabolites within and between leaves. For this purpose, the concentration of 52 metabolites, both primary and specialized, was followed by gas chromatography (GC-) and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in alternate pairs of flax leaves. On the basis of their metabolic content, three populations of leaves in different growth stages could be distinguished. Primary and specialized metabolites showed characteristic distribution patterns, and compounds similarly evolving with leaf age could be grouped by the aid of the Kohonen self-organising map (SOM) algorithm. Ultimately, visualisation of the correlations between metabolites via hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed the assessment of the metabolic fluxes characterising different leaf developmental stages, and the investigation of the relationships between primary and specialized metabolites.

Exosomes are important intercellular communication vehicles, secreted into body fluids by multiple cell types, including tumor cells. They contribute to the metastatic progression of tumor cells through paracrine signalling. It has been recently discovered that blood circulating exosomes contain distinguishable fractions of free and cell-surface-associated vesicles. We evaluated the influence of protein cargoes from exosomes from plasma, and exosomes from the total blood of healthy females (HFs) and breast cancer patients (BCPs), on cell motility. We conducted a mass spectrometric analysis of exosomal contents isolated from samples using ultrafiltration and ultracentrifugation approaches and verified their nature using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry. We observed that malignant neoplasm-associated proteins in exosomes from BCP total blood were detected more often than in plasma (66% vs. 59%). FunRich analysis to assess Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment revealed that proteins with catalytic activities, transporter functions and protein metabolism activities were increased in exosomes from BCP blood. Finally, GO analysis revealed that proteomic profiles of exosomes from HF total blood were enriched with proteins inhibiting cell migration and invasion, which explains the low stimulating activity of exosomes from HF total blood on SKBR-3 cancer cell migration velocity. This allows exosomes to act as intermediaries providing intercellular communications through horizontal transfer of RNA and functionally active proteins, potentially affecting the development of both primary neoplasms and distant metastases.

miRNAs are regulators of gene expression in diverse biological and pathological courses in life. Their discovery may be considered one of the most important steps in the story of modern biology. miRNAs are packed within exosomes and released by cells for cellular communications; they are present in bodily fluids. Their study opens the way for understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of many diseases; furthermore, as potential candidate biomarkers, they can be measured in bodily fluids for non-invasive monitoring of disease outcomes. The present review highlights recent advances in the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of primary and secondary glomerulonephritides such as IgA nephropathy, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, lupus nephritis and diabetic nephropathy. The identification of reciprocal expression of miRNAs and their target genes provides the molecular basis for additional information on the pathogenetic mechanisms of kidney diseases. Finally, recent findings demonstrate that miRNAs can be considered as potential targets for novel drugs.

Successful pregnancy requires an appropriate communication between the mother and the embryo(s). Recent studies indicate that exosomes, small (30–200 nm) membrane vesicles of endocytotic origin, could act as intercellular vehicles in this unique communication system. Exosomes have been identified in vivo in all body fluids including follicular, uterine, and oviductal fluids and can be secreted by most cell types in vitro. Bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC) have been thoroughly used to study embryo-maternal communication and to improve embryo development in vitro. Hence, our objective was to provide a morphologic and proteomic characterisation of exosomes secreted by BOEC in vivo in the oviductal fluid and in vitro in the conditioned media. Oviducts from cows were flushed to recover in vivo exosomes and then BOEC were scraped in order to derive primary cultures. In vitro exosomes were collected from conditioned media of BOEC primary cultures after reaching confluence (10 days). Isolation of exosomes from in vivo and in vitro origin was performed by ultracentrifugation. The presence of exosomes was confirmed in oviductal flushings and conditioned media by electron microscopy. Further characterisation of exosomes was carried out based on morphology (transmission electron microscopy), size (dynamic light scattering, DLS), and protein composition (protein profile analysis by SDS-PAGE and Western immunoblotting). Preliminary results by DLS revealed different size distribution profiles in exosome samples (in vivo: mean size of 93.41 nm; in vitro: 433.5 nm). Because exosomes are considered as “micromaps” of the originating cells, protein patterns expressed by in vivo exosomes and in vitro exosomes were compared with scraped and cultured BOEC, respectively. Protein profile analysis by SDS-PAGE showed quantitative and qualitative differences among the exosome samples, their cells of origin, and the milieu (conditioned media or flushing). Exosome-specific protein bands were detected and will be further characterised. In addition, exosomes from in vivo and in vitro origin exhibited distinct proteomic profiles. Western blot analysis demonstrated that (1) both exosomal protein samples were positive for HSP70, a known exosomal protein, and negative for Grp78, an endoplasmic reticulum marker detected in BOEC; (2) in vivo exosomes expressed oviductal glycoprotein (OVGP), heat shock protein A8 (HSPA8), and myosin 9 (MYH9), 3 oviductal proteins with known roles in fertilization and early pregnancy. However, only HSPA8 and MYH9 were detected in in vitro exosomes. Our results provide the first extensive characterisation of oviductal exosomes from in vivo and in vitro origin, an essential step in furthering our understanding of the early embryo-maternal cross talk.

Summary Production from liquid-rich shale has become an important contributor to US production, but recovery factors are low. Enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) methods require injectivity and interwell communication on reasonable time scales. Herein, we investigate the development of fracture interference for the application of recycled-lean-gas injection to displace reservoir fluids between zipper fractures in liquid-rich shales. In condensate systems, the liquids produced from miscible displacement could be extracted at the surface and the gas reinjected. In unconventional oil systems, immiscible displacement would occur with arrest in the oil-rate decline upon the onset of pressure support until immiscible front breakthrough, although this may never occur in a reasonable time. In either case, the time for interference is critical in assessment of process feasibility. Using superposition plus existing analytical solutions to the diffusivity equation for arbitrarily oriented line sources/sinks for pressure and new extensions for the pressure logarithmic temporal derivative, we analyze the time for interfracture-communication development (i.e., interference) and productivity index (PI) for both classical biwing fractures in a zipper configuration and complex-fracture networks. As a novel contribution, we demonstrate the ability to map both pressure and pressure temporal derivative as a function of time and space for production and/or injection from parallel motherbores under the infinite-conductivity wellbore and fracture assumption. The infinite-conductivity assumption could be relaxed later for more-general cases. We present the results in terms of geometrical-spacing requirement for both horizontal wells and stimulation treatments to achieve reasonable time frames for interfracture communication and sweep for parameters typical of various shale plays. Results can be used to determine whether spacing currently considered for primary production is sufficient for direct implementation of EOR or if current practice should be modified with EOR in the field-development plan.

The aim of moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) is to simulate the incompressible flow of fluids in free surface. MPS, when implemented, consumes a lot of time and thus, needs a very powerful computing system. Instead of using parallel computing system, the performance level of the MPS model can be improved by using graphics processing units (GPUs). The aim is to have a computing system that is capable of performing at high levels thereby enhancing the speed of processing the numerical computations required in MPS. The primary aim of the study is to build a GPU-accelerated MPS model using CUDA aimed at reducing the time taken to perform the search for neighboring particles. In order to increase the GPU processing speed, specific consideration is given towards the optimization of a neighboring particle search process. The numerical model of MPS is performed using the governing equations, notably the Navier-Stokes equation. The simulation model indicates that using GPU based MPS produce better performance compared to the traditional arrangement of using CPUs.

Abstract Extreme weather events including recently experienced prolonged heatwaves are predicted to increase in frequency and intensity as a result of climate change. Vulnerable groups, and particularly older persons, are at increased risk of heat-related illness and mortality. Multimodal interventions that incorporate community, primary and secondary care programmes are required. Social programmes such as early warning systems, regional heat plans and community-led initiatives that specifically target the isolated, dependent older person are protective. Establishing clear and effective communication on health promotion and preventative measures is the key. Energy-efficient building design and eco-city planning are vital to reduce the impact of heatwaves at both a population and individual level. Anticipatory strategies should be adopted to ensure ample access to fluids, target barriers to increase oral intake and allow early identification of intercurrent illness, along with regular medication reviews. Prompt management of risk factors for the development of heat-related illness and treatment of complications such as heat stroke and cardiovascular events are keys to reducing the negative health impact of extreme heat in at-risk populations. Morbidity and mortality in heatwaves should be preventable. Evidence-based interventions are available to mitigate and prevent the negative health impact of extreme heat and should be implemented in all residential settings.

TPS12129 Background: Positive treatment outcomes and avoidance of complications are dependent to a large extent on the care provided by family members. However, family caregivers report feeling unprepared to assume the multiple, complex tasks of caregiving, including tracheostomy care, tube feedings, wound and colostomy care, pain management, and emotional support. Despite being a critical extension of the oncology healthcare team, training of caregivers to manage symptoms, deal with communication issues with the care recipients, and take care of their own physical and emotional health as caregivers, is not integrated into clinical practice. The purpose of this clinical trial is to measure the effect of a psychoeducational caregiver intervention that incorporates simulation techniques focused on skill development to improve caregiver and patient outcomes. Simulation, commonly used in training healthcare professionals, is a form of experiential learning that creates events or situations to mimic clinical situations. Use of simulation for skills training in family caregivers of patients with cancer is rarely studied. Methods: This two-group, randomized clinical trial, which opened to accrual in December 2019, will recruit 180 caregivers from University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center. Patients must be receiving radiation therapy for a diagnosis of stage I - III cancers of the rectum, anus, and esophagus; stage III NSCLC; or stage I – IV A/B head/neck cancer. Adult caregivers must be identified by the patient as their primary caregiver, who is providing daily assistance and/or emotional support. The intervention involves three in-person, one-on-one sessions during radiation treatments. The control group is usual care. Data will be collected at baseline, at the end of radiation treatment, and 4 and 20 weeks post-radiation treatment. The primary outcome is caregiver anxiety at 20 weeks postradiation treatment. Other caregiver outcomes include depression, health-related quality of life [HRQOL], and fatigue. Patient outcomes (HRQOL and interrupted treatment course) and healthcare utilization outcomes (unplanned hospital admission, emergency room visits, and use of intravenous fluids) will be measured. The analysis will consist of linear mixed model repeated measures, mediation and moderation tests, and Poisson regression methods. Clinical trial information: NCT04055948 .

The review material belongs to the scientific and practical issues related to the interdisciplinary direction on the border of nanotechnology, surface chemistry and physics, biology and medicine and is based on the use of natural components in the composition of iron-containing bioactive nanocomposites and magnetic fluids in creating effective vector systems for antitumor therapy with minimized side effects on the human body and improved compatibility with other drugs. Such natural components, which have unique properties, significant and not yet realized potential opportunities for practical use, include, in particular, lectins. The aim of the work is to select and analyze the results of works on the extraction of lectins, the study of their properties and application in biology and medicine. Lectins are a group of substances of protein nature (proteins and glycoproteins) of non-immune origin, which have the ability to reversely and selectively bind carbohydrates and carbohydrate determinants of biopolymers without changes in covalent structure and recognize them with extremely high specificity. Due to this property, they are an ideal tool for reading of code in the structure of specific sugar epitopes on the surface of all cells. Lectins are substances of primary synthesis and are present in all kingdoms, types and classes of living organisms. They mediate cellular communication at the molecular level and are involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Pathogenic bacteria and viruses use lectins to attach to the host tissue, which is one of the prerequisites for the development of infection. Blocking of specific pathogen adhesion with lectin inhibitors is the basis of anti-adhesive therapy, an alternative method of treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Numerous lectins show antitumor activity and are being studied as potential antitumor drugs. To date, they have found practical application in a number of specialized medical fields, such as histology (detection of carbohydrate structures on the surface of cells and tissues), diagnosis of immunodeficiency and chromosomal abnormalities, transplantology (separation of blood cells and lymphoid cells with different antigenic properties). The prospect of use of lectins in the purification of blood from viruses, pathologically altered glycoproteins, in the targeted delivery of drugs to normal or pathologically altered cells and tissues of the body or to infectious agents is considered very significant. The combination of properties of lectins and magnetically sensitive iron-containing nanocomposites in the composition of magnetic fluids for use in oncology is considered relevant and promising.

Summary Ewing Bank 873 is an offshore Gulf of Mexico field discovered in 1991 in 775 ft of water. The discovery well was drilled on a seismic amplitude anomaly on the flank of a salt withdrawal minibasin. Field development began in 1994, and in mid-1998 daily production from the Bulminella 1 reservoir averaged 40,000 BOPD and 32×106 ft3/D of gas. The Bul 1 reservoir in this combination structural-stratigraphic trap consists of six stacked and overlapping Pliocene turbidite sand lobes. In turn, integration of seismic, well log, geochemical and pressure data indicates these six turbidite lobes comprise three compartments. All of the various data types give constraints on different aspects of compartmentalization, but at the stratigraphically complex Ewing Bank 873 field, geochemical analyses provided key information unavailable through any other means. These geochemical analyses were performed as individual wells in the field went on production and immediately provided information regarding fluid communication and reservoir connectivity that was missing from earlier interpretations based solely on seismic and log data. Early recognition of three reservoir compartments using geochemical data also helped constrain preliminary stratigraphic interpretations and provided initial input for flow units and reservoir simulation models. The geochemical information further provided advance notice of economically significant oil quality variations in the three compartments. These fluid variabilities were later substantiated by pressure/volume/temperature analyses and include notable differences in oil gravity, weight percent sulfur, viscosity and solution gas. Integrating all available data shows there are three compartments at Ewing Bank 873 and each compartment comprises different turbidite sand lobes and exhibits its own characteristic pressure regime and fluid properties. The early indications of both compartmentalization and variation in fluid properties by the geochemical analyses contributed significantly to improved field recovery and economics by allowing fewer and better placed wells to be drilled. Introduction Development of deepwater Gulf of Mexico fields is an expensive undertaking that involves considerable analysis and evaluation of both engineering and geologic data. In this context, failure to recognize reservoir compartmentalization can add significantly to field development capital and result in less than optimum reservoir management. For all of these reasons, early recognition of reservoir compartmentalization is advantageous. Traditionally, pressure, seismic and log data have been among the primary tools used to identify compartmentalization. Each of these techniques provides information on a different aspect of reservoir compartmentalization, and the various methodologies work best when integrated. For example, at Ewing Bank 873 the pre-drill seismic data provide the gross geometry and lateral distribution of the different turbidite sand packages,1 but the seismic cannot resolve individual sand lobes. Well logs do show individual sand lobes, but in this instance, where turbidite lobes are characterized by compensation-style bedding, correlation of sands is difficult. Pressure data also yield valuable information on reservoir compartmentalization, but long term build-up tests can be expensive to obtain and involve shutting in production. In addition to these techniques, another tool for identifying reservoir compartmentalization that complements the other analyses by providing a direct indication of reservoir fluid continuity is geochemistry. Over the past 10 years, a number of case studies2–10 have clearly demonstrated the value of geochemistry in recognizing reservoir compartmentalization. In particular, geochemical analysis of oils by gas chromatography is an inexpensive technique requiring minimal turnaround time that provides information on compartmentalization early in the history of a reservoir. In turn, early recognition of compartmentalization can help in the placement of development wells and optimize new field development choices. Beyond early recognition of compartmentalization, geochemical analysis at Ewing Bank 873 also helped constrain reservoir simulations, assisted in correlation of reservoir sand units and aided in understanding oil quality variations within the reservoir. This case history further demonstrates how geochemical analyses provide a unique opportunity to characterize a reservoir from the perspective of the actual reservoir fluids rather than from the perspective of the "container" holding those fluids. However, it is only by integrating all of the reservoir data—geochemical, seismic, log, pressure and stratigraphic—that reservoir management can be optimized. Geologic Setting and Field Description Ewing Bank 873 is a deepwater (775 ft) Gulf of Mexico field that is almost 200 miles due south of New Orleans (Fig. 1) and lies along the flexure trend between the current shelf and continental slope. This field was discovered in 1991 by drilling a seismic amplitude anomaly on the flank of a salt withdrawal minibasin (Fig. 2). The reservoir is a series of six stacked and overlapping Pliocene Bulminella 1 (3.8 Ma) deepwater turbidites. The trap at Ewing Bank 873 is a combination stratigraphic/structural trap formed by updip pinch out of the turbidite sands and by faults on the eastern and western margins of the field. Updip sand pinch out is in turn controlled by an underlying salt diapir.

Esta dissertação tem como tema a constituição da esfera pública no contexto brasileiro. Hannah Arendt e Jürgen Habermas desenvolveram análises fundamentais para a definição conceitual da esfera pública, sendo ela compreendida, nesta pesquisa, como um espaço de discussão com predominância do agir comunicativo. No Brasil, a formação dessa esfera deuse de forma problemática, havendo a prevalência de valores como patrimonialismo, paternalismo e confusão entre a esfera pública e a esfera privada. O estudo da Rádio Quilombo FM, uma rádio comunitária, localizada no bairro Restinga, periferia da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS, objetiva analisar a relação estabelecida entre os fluxos comunicativos primários e a rádio comunitária, buscando perceber de que forma a esfera pública, que pode a partir disso ser formada, colabora para o rompimento com as formas tradicionais de sua constituição, propiciando ou não a criação de uma esfera pública alternativa de caráter democrático. A metodologia proposta na pesquisa foi qualitativa com uso de observação participante e entrevistas em profundidade como técnicas de investigação.<br>The theme of this Master's dissertation is the constitution of the public sphere in the Brazilian context. Hannah Arendt and Jürgen Habermas developed fundamental analyses for the conceptual definition of the public sphere, understood, in this research, as a space for discussion with predominance of the communicative acting. In Brazil, the constitution of this sphere was done in a problematic way, prevailing values such as patrimonialism, paternalism and confusion between the public sphere and the private one. The objective of studying Radio Quilombo FM, a community radio in Restinga neighborhood, suburbs in the city of Porto Alegre/RS, is to analyze the relationship established between the primary communication fluxes and a community radio, trying to perceive how the public sphere contributes to the rupture with the traditional ways of its constitution, allowing or not the creation of an alternative public sphere with democratic character. The methodology proposed in this research was qualitative, with the use of participant observation and in-depth interviews as techniques of investigation.

This chapter argues that paradox arises, not from our phenomenal experience, but from our efforts at conceptualizing it through the logic of comprehension dominating Western thought. It identifies an Aristotelian-inspired “Being” ontology and a corresponding representationalist epistemology as the primary underlying cause of paradox in truth claims made on empirical observations. Drawing on a Heraclitean-inspired tradition in the West, this chapter shows how paradox may be circumnavigated through an alternative logic of Otherness. Underlying this metaphysical outlook is an ontology of Becoming, which takes flux and change as pervasive and inexorable. Language and logic are thus seen as futile attempts to fix the unfixable. Embracing a Becoming world view of reality enables us to recognize the limits of logic and representation and hence develop more nuanced and oblique modes of communication and responses. A Becoming world view sensitizes us to a necessary Otherness always already immanent in representational truth claims.

Attracted by the rich marine life and favorable climate, tourism has become important for many Red Sea countries, with over 1 million tourists per year expected in the future. Extensive areas of the coastline have been developed to accommodate the increasing flux of tourists, especially in Aqaba of Jordan, the Jeddah coastline of Saudi Arabia and various areas along the Egyptian coastline. Many researchers have described the development of tourism on the Red Sea coast. But there are few publications about the possibilities of tourism development on the basis of water resources of the Red Sea. It is therefore very important to explore the possibilities of development of water tourism in the Red Sea. Through recent decades, significant advances in technology and the increase in international travel have made marine environments more accessible both in real and economic terms. Coastal and marine tourism has become a huge business that forms a significant component of the growing global tourism industry. The number of tourists attractions is not only determined by the capacity of the attractions themselves, but also by four other components: natural resources and environment; socially-economic environment; transportation; cultural resources. It discusses the concept of sustainable tourism development in the area, which leads to management of all resources in such a way that economic, social and natural needs can be fulfilled while maintaining culture integrity, essential ecological processes, biological diversity and life support systems. Travel and Tourism has less impact on natural resources and the environment than most other industry. The article contains the main Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) for water tourism in Red Sea. The SWOT approach is used to synthesize the results of the discussions and analysis of materials obtained in the study. SWOT analysis shows that the strengths outweigh the weaknesses and the opportunities outweigh the threats. There are three basic reasons why marine tourism, and tourism in general will continue to grow. Primarily, there is still a large potential for growth in the tourism sector, and the marine tourism sector as a key tourism component will naturally benefit from this growth. Secondarily, the tourism sector will also benefit from improved communication and transportation technologies.

The Japan Accreditation Board for Engineering Education (JABEE) established in 1999 is a nongovernmental organization that examines and accredits the college and university programs in engineering education. “The Basic Engineering in Global Environment” of Kogakuin University is an engineering program, leading to bachelor’s degree, accredited in the field of “General Engineering” by JABEE in 2001, one of the first three programs accredited in Japan. Since the accreditation is valid for five years, the program recently went through an examination again by JABEE for another 5 years from 2006. The JABEE criteria as well as the procedures and methods of accreditation and examination were not quite well defined in details for a couple of years after 2001. The authors have investigated whether the accreditation system really could help educational improvements for students, faculties and industries. Most of senior students in Japanese technical colleges have to complete graduation thesis work. They will be trained to be researchers rather than engineers, because those themes with a strong scientific aspect belong to their professors. Unlike the graduation thesis work, in the program of the Basic Engineering in Global Environment accredited by JABEE, are offered the subjects like ethics, engineering design, management skills and communication skills, which are required and essential for the engineer. The students can be trained to become true and useful engineers or embryos demanded by industrial companies through these curricula. Furthermore, the graduates of the accredited engineering programs are exempted from Primary Examination for Professional Engineer, since the fundamental capability as an entry-level engineer is assured by the program itself. Basic specialized knowledge is examined in the Primary Examination for PE. In the Final Examination for PE practical engineering experience and skill are examined. The graduates of the program of Basic Engineering in Global Environment will possibly pass the Final Examination without much difficulty, since they learn the management ability, creativity, communication ability and so on with the industry-university co-operational education in the program.

Contemporary Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) packages within the communications network infrastructure have reached a thermal limit. Integrated packages involving microfluidic channels are an appealing development to improve the thermal design of future PIC packages, to significantly improve the removal of heat fluxes in order to sustain the expected enhanced data traffic growth. The Thermally Integrated Smart Photonics Systems (TIPS) project aims to develop and demonstrate a thermally enabled integrated platform that is scalable, to meet the predicted data traffic demands. Full system integration requires an integrated pumping solution, therefore a primary heat exchanger that can deliver the required thermal performance with a low pressure drop (ΔP) is needed. A channel containing a single array of cylindrical posts offers a low pressure drop, similar to a large hydraulic diameter minichannel. Local destabilization of the flow would provide heat transfer enhancement. In particular, non-Newtonian fluids have been shown to exhibit significant mixing in such configurations. Micro Particle-Image Velocimetry (μPIV) measurements were taken for Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids within this channel. Instabilities associated with the viscoelastic fluid were recorded immediately upstream of the post array. This flow exhibited almost a four-fold increase in mixing at comparable flow rates to the Newtonian fluid tested. This suggests that the Nusselt number enhancement associated with such flows could increase the heat transfer rates quite significantly in microchannels containing obstructions.

Recent numerical simulations of the wake of a fixed sphere have confirmed that hydrodynamic forces are likely to have a significant impact on the trajectory of a freely falling (or ascending) sphere. An ideally spherical body ceases to follow a straight vertical trajectory at the Reynolds number (based on its velocity U and diameter d) corresponding to the onset of the primary instability responsible for the breaking of axisymmetry in a fixed sphere wake, i.e. at Re = 212. This instability has been shown to generate a steady non axisymmetric flow with a symmetry plane containing the asymptotic flow velocity, the orientation of which is arbitrary, i.e. selected by any small perturbation at the instability onset. In this communication, we present further work focussed on the experimental investigation of the effect of instabilities on the trajectory of a free sphere. The axisymmetry breaking results in a lift and torque, the vector of lift lying in the symmetry plane and the torque being normal to this plane. This leads to the conclusion that a free-falling (ascending) sphere will be deviated from its vertical trajectory as soon as its Reynolds number reaches the threshold of 212. Moreover, the trajectory will be deflected in an arbitrarily selected vertical plane. An experimental setup has been implemented to investigate this effect. It consists of a 2.5 m high water tank with a .5 times .5 m cross section placed in an air-conditioned chamber allowing to control finely the asymptotic Reynolds number of small spheres (on the order of a mm in diameter) by varying the water temperature. Spheres of densities close to that of water, both lighter and heavier, are considered. The trajectories are investigated fully in three dimensions by processing of images of two cameras following the sphere movement. The preliminary results, presented here for polypropylene spheres lighter than water, confirm the numerically and theoretically predicted effect. After a short acceleration phase roughly in vertical direction the primary instability deflects the trajectories each time in a different vertical plane. The investigation of the fixed sphere wake showed the onset of a secondary Hopf-type instability at Re ≈ 275. The same type of instability develops clearly for free spheres. Unlike for the fixed sphere, the secondary instability is observed to dominate and to yield a wavy trajectory with a vertical mean direction.