Journal articles: 'Primary health care attention'

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MCELMURRY, BEVERLY J. "Primary Health Care." Annual Review of Nursing Research 17, no. 1 (January 1999): 241–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0739-6686.17.1.241.

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Primary Health Care (PHC) has been promulgated for over two decades as a global strategy for ensuring basic health care for all people. PHC is characterized by equity, accessibility, availability of resources, social participation, intersectoral community action, and cultural sensitivity. While PHC can be discussed as philosophy or a process, it is critical that PHC be understood as a community focus in health care that differs from a primary care focus on individuals. Capturing PHC components in community-based interventions in order to advance the development of a rigorous research base requires a shift in thinking about what constitutes acceptable methods and evidence for evaluating changes in health care. To this end, the authors of this review discuss perspectives and available research that inform practice within multidisciplinary teams, highlight the importance of social discourse, and review participatory evaluation issues for achieving a working relationship with communities. Particular attention is focused on education for nurses’ roles in PHC activities within implementation models fostering community mobilization and development. An action plan is suggested as a means for situating discrete research activity within a PHC framework.

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Hajizamani, Abolghasem, Tayebeh Malek Mohammadi, Ebadollah Hajmohammadi, and Shahin Shafiee. "Integrating Oral Health Care into Primary Health Care System." ISRN Dentistry 2012 (February 29, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/657068.

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Introduction. Systematic evaluation is an integral part of the organization and delivery of community oral health care programmes, ensuring the effectiveness of these community-based interventions. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of primary health care (PHC) personnel regarding their duties toward oral health. Methods and Material. A cross-sectional study was carried out among three groups of PHC personnel in the city of Kerman (Iran). Volunteer personnel completed a piloted questionnaire which included demographic data, some question regarding their knowledge about oral health, their duties and also their practice regarding public oral health. All data were analyzed using chi-square and Pearson correlation test. Results. One hundred and fifty-seven out of 225 eligible personnel participated in the study. Sixty percent were auxiliary health workers (Behvarz). All personnel had a good level of knowledge regarding oral health. Despite significant differences among the knowledge of the personnel toward oral health, there was no significant difference between their knowledge related to their duties regarding oral health. The auxiliary health worker group had a higher rate (45.6%) for better public oral health practice. Conclusion. The study showed the personnel have good knowledge of their duties regarding oral health. However, their practice is not in line with their knowledge and needs more attention.

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Vidiawati, Dhanasari, Yuda Turana, and Tonny Sundjaya. "The Role of Primary Health Care Toward Healthy Aging." Amerta Nutrition 4, no. 1SP (February 5, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v4i1sp.2020.10-14.

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Background: According to the World Health Organization, healthy aging is the process of developing and maintaining functional abilities that make the elderly happy. The increase in the elderly population requires more attention. In particular, health services at the primary health care level face problems related to the limited capacity of overall health services, especially in terms of health promotion and preventive health issues. It is necessary to improve the quality of health care services for the elderly to prevent greater health problems among the elderly population.Objectives: Understand the need to provide holistic health services for healthy aging and use their capabilities, and strengthen cooperation among health professionals in achieving healthy aging.Discusion: Primary health care is pointed out that primary health care should provide comprehensive services in a holistic manner to support a healthy aging process. Therefore, a well-structured, integrated, and cross-industry collaborative primary care system is needed. The system should include changes in professional behavior, coordination of care, and participation of patients' families and communities in comprehensive health care. This can be achieved through inter-professional education, continuous training and education of primary health care professionals, as well as primary health care services and cross-level health care technology innovation.Conclusions: Healthy aging is not just the absence of disease. Everyone in health and social care at all levels can play a role to help improve healthy aging. To make the elderly healthy, starting from the prevention of young health problems, it requires collaboration between health workers, primary health care and other health service levels, and health care that cooperates with patients, families, and communities.Keywords: healthy aging, primary care, preventive, health worker

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Wang, Wenhua, Leiyu Shi, Aitian Yin, Zongfu Mao, Elizabeth Maitland, Stephen Nicholas, and Xiaoyun Liu. "Primary Care Quality among Different Health Care Structures in Tibet, China." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/206709.

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Objective.To compare the primary care quality among different health care structures in Tibet, China.Methods.A self-administered questionnaire survey including Primary Care Assessment Tool-Tibetan version was used to obtain data from a total of 1386 patients aged over 18 years in the sampling sites in two prefectures in Tibet. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the association between health care structures and primary care quality while controlling for sociodemographic and health care characteristics.Results.The services provided by township health centers were more often used by a poor, less educated, and healthy population. Compared with prefecture (77.42) and county hospitals (82.01), township health centers achieved highest total score of primary care quality (86.64). Factors that were positively and significantly associated with higher total assessment scores included not receiving inpatient service in the past year, less frequent health care visits, good self-rated health status, lower education level, and marital status.Conclusions.This study showed that township health centers patients reported better primary care quality than patients visiting prefecture and county hospitals. Government health reforms should pay more attention to THC capacity building in Tibet, especially in the area of human resource development.

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Kennedy, Lauren. "Establishing Optimal Mental Health Care for Common Mental Disorders in Primary Health Care." Journal of Student Research 6, no. 1 (June 12, 2017): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v6i1.318.

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Various definitions of health and mental health exist, however there is a generally persistent inclusion and acknowledgement of the importance of holistic elements such as environment and relationships. Integration of the physical, social, and mental aspects of an individual, through the social determinants of health is an important component in establishing the effective delivery of optimal mental health care. With increasing numbers of collaborative care teams, and mental health promotion strategies, primary health care is increasingly building its capacity to help respond to these holistic mental health care needs, with increased and more purposeful attention to the social determinants of health. Despite these steps in the right direction, a gap continues to exist in the delivery of mental health care and many people continue to struggle in accessing adequate treatment. In order to determine how best to proceed, it is important to understand what mental health is, what mental health care in primary health care looks like, what the existing challenges to the delivery of mental health care in primary health care are, and what other models have been successful in integrating the social determinants of health and mental health into the primary health care system.

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Cunha, Ana Carolina, Josimari Telino de Lacerda, Mônica Teresa Ruocco Alcauza, and Sônia Natal. "Evaluation of prenatal care in Primary Health Care in Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 19, no. 2 (June 2019): 447–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000200011.

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Abstract Objectives: to evaluate prenatal care in Primary Care by identifying the aspects that influence structural and operational adequacy. Methods: evaluation research with analysis of 4,059 municipalities that joined the 2nd cycle of the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care in 2013-2014. The evaluative model composed of 19 indicators grouped in structural aspects and operational aspects dimensions was validated in a consensus conference. Data analysis was descriptive, with the issuance of value judgment. Results: in structural aspects, 32.6% of the municipalities presented adequacy, whilst in operational ones, only 24.1%. In the general prenatal evaluation, less than a quarter (24.6%) of the municipalities was adequate, those with up to 10 thousand inhabitants had a higher percentage of adequacy (41.6%). The South region presented adequacy of 33.8%, considering all sizes. Conclusions: most municipalities presented low adequacy in prenatal care, with better performance of structural aspects. Smaller municipalities presented better results in all analyzed items. Structural aspects and general evaluation of prenatal care are highlighted in the South region. Adequate attention to prenatal care needs to be comprehensive and equitable, with the strengthening of regional networks geared towards social inclusion.

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Iliffe, Steve, and Penny Lenihan. "Integrating Primary Care and Public Health: Learning from the Community-Oriented Primary Care Model." International Journal of Health Services 33, no. 1 (January 2003): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/40hl-u1b9-f7k7-kk64.

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Community-oriented primary care (COPC), a 50-year-old widely applied innovative approach to primary care development, seems to be the same combination of public health and general practice perspectives currently sought in the formation of primary care trusts in Britain's NHS. The article reviews the experience of implementing COPC methods, the outcomes, and the applicability to and implications for primary care policy, taking the current British reforms as an example. The COPC model has been developed mainly in underserved populations to integrate public health objectives and primary care through interdisciplinary approaches, with active involvement of the target population. COPC methods are time consuming, can create problems with professional boundaries, and are vulnerable to socioeconomic changes. They can also deliver complex packages of care for target populations, particularly in poor areas underserved by traditional medical services. British primary care reforms may be seen as an unplanned, uncontrolled, nationwide experiment in applying COPC methods. They differ from COPC as applied elsewhere because change has been introduced from above rather than below, into a well-developed primary care system rather than underserved communities. International experience suggests the need for attention to factors promoting and impeding success and to reliable outcome measures. If this experiment succeeds, COPC methodology may facilitate similar changes in other health care systems.

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Schonwald, Alison. "Update: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the primary care office." Current Opinion in Pediatrics 17, no. 2 (April 2005): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mop.0000156983.71532.eb.

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Senitan, Mohammed, and James Gillespie. "Health-Care Reform in Saudi Arabia: Patient Experience at Primary Health-Care Centers." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 4 (September 3, 2019): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373519872420.

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The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between patients’ demographics, the quality of physician–patient communication, care coordination, and the overall satisfaction rating in primary health-care centers (PHCs). A cross-sectional study was conducted using a patient experience tool. A convenience sample of 157 patients visiting PHCs were retrieved from 10 out of the 13 Saudi regions. A total of 81% of the overall ratings could be attributed to the predictors included in the model. The highest predictor of the overall rating in this model was physicians answering of patient questions, followed by time spent with the physician, type of PHC, and the abilities of the physician to listen carefully, explain things clearly, and show respect. The weakest predictors were follow-up by the health-care provider and physician’s knowledge of the patient’s medical history. Our findings suggest that to improve the overall patient experience and the quality of care at PHCs requires extra attention to physician–patient communication. To improve quality, safety, and efficiency, the Ministry of Health should ensure interpretation service for patients at PHCs either public or private. The Saudi Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions should enhance the physician–patient communication as part of their standards for accrediting PHCs.

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Oliveira, Max Moura de, Donizete Vago Daher, Jorge Luiz Lima da Silva, and Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade. "Men's health in question: seeking assistance in primary health care." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 20, no. 1 (January 2015): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014201.21732013.

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The scope of this study was to analyze the socio-demographic profile, morbidity and frequency of seeking of adult men enrolled in a Family Doctor Program for health care in Niterói in the State of Rio de Janeiro. It is a cross-sectional study using secondary data, files and records of the first care visit in November 2003 through August 2009. The frequencies of the variables studied and the prevalence rates among those who sought and those who did not seek attention were calculated. Among the 323 men registered, 56% sought attendance. The main reason given for the first visit was a routine appointment. It was observed that 43 men were overweight, 26 were obese and 44 had abnormal blood pressure. The profile of the men who sought and those who did not seek care presented statistically significant differences (p< 0.05) for: age, education level, social security and reference to morbidity at the time of registration. Older men with social security reporting some morbidity sought health services more often. It is necessary to broaden the studies to acquire more input for public health actions and policies that contemplate this population segment and its specificities.

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Werdhani, Retno Asti, and Dhanasari Vidiawati Trisna. "Family Conference In Primary Care Practice." Journal Of The Indonesian Medical Association 70, no. 12 (January 20, 2021): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47830/jinma-vol.70.12-2020-339.

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From the Epidemiology Triangle, we can see that a person’s health status is influenced by 3 factors: host, agent, and the environment. The environment plays the biggest role as the cause of health problems, one of which is the family environment. Family can become a supporting factor or inhibiting factor in the successful management of patient’s cases. Therefore, a primary care physician/family physician needs to conduct family meetings to discuss and agree on solutions with the patient’s family by paying attention to inhibiting and supporting factors and find common solutions for the benefit of the patient.

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Santos, Márcia Sousa, Maria Eliete Batista Moura, Inez Sampaio Nery, Eliana Campêlo Lago, and Benevina Maria Vilar Teixeira Nunes. "Training of nurses in primary health of women." Revista de Pesquisa Cuidado é Fundamental Online 5, no. 6 (January 8, 2014): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2013.v5i6.45-54.

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Objectives: To evaluate the influence of the nursing education process in primary care related to women's health. In addition, to analyze nursing training in primary care for women's health and as a National Policy for Comprehensive Care of Women's Health. Method: An exploratory study with 30 nurses from the Family Health Strategy. Data were generated through interviews, processed and analyzed in Alceste4.8 by Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: The data were presented as dendrogram classes: training at the graduate level to work in the area of women's health; the work of nurses in primary care to women's health; the Program for Integral Attention to Women's Health in primary care and continuing education of nurses in primary health care of women. Final considerations: Permanent education of nurses is necessary for the promotion healthcare and public policy on care for women.

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Persson, Jan, and Lars Borgquist. "Diffusion of Medical Devices in Primary Health Care in Sweden." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 5, no. 1 (January 1989): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300005924.

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An inventory of the availability of medical devices and laboratory tests at primary health care centers in Sweden is reported. The availability is shown to depend on a number of medical, economic, societal, and organizational factors describing primary health care. Technical performance of devices, risk management, and training of users need special attention with regard to these applications.

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Goodyear, Lorelei, and Michelle Hynes. "Integrating Reproductive Health into Emergency Response Assessments and Primary Health Care." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 16, no. 4 (December 2001): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0004334x.

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AbstractWar-affected populations often are displaced for years. When primary health care is focused on the acute conditions that often present in the emergency phase of a complex emergency, insufficient attention often is directed towards other evolving needs of the population. Their reproductive health, psychosocial health, and problems with chronic diseases may be overlooked even after the situation stabilizes.This article examines currently available resources for conducting rapid assessments of health needs and services during complex emergencies. Their respective strengths and weaknesses are discussed, particularly for assessing a population's reproductive health needs, and for fostering the integration of reproductive health and primary health-care services, and for designing health services delivery.When more specific indicators are included in a needs assessment tool, the likelihood that the assessment results will influence the design and scope of the health program is increased. Needs assessments for primary health care that incorporate reproductive health indicators will assist health officials to integrate these services, and thus, use staff and facilities more efficiently, and will highlight areas of opportunity for providing services.

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Jafflin, Kristen. "The Local and the Global in Primary Health Care." Sociology of Development 5, no. 1 (2019): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sod.2019.5.1.50.

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In the 1970s, the WHO embarked on an ambitious project to promote primary health care worldwide. The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was one of the most successful parts of that effort, yet some national EPIs struggled to increase vaccination coverage while others were very successful. Drawing on documentary sources from the WHO Archives and Library, this paper traces the historical development of global EPI policy and compares the development of two programs: the high-performing EPI in Malawi and the low-performing one in Cameroon. Global advisers’ rigid adherence to then-current global policy and blindness to local conditions and historical legacies exacerbated problems faced by Cameroon's EPI, helping explain that program's weakness. In Malawi, in contrast, the similarity of global policy and local practices helped strengthen the EPI. Greater flexibility in pursuing program goals and attention to historical legacies could help future programs avoid similar counterproductive dynamics.

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Horder, John, and David Metcalfe. "Requirements for Technology: As Seen by Providers of Primary Health Care." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 5, no. 1 (January 1989): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300005985.

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This article is concerned with principles that might help to ensure that procedures and tools used in primary care are appropriate to people's needs and expectations. It urges attention, not first to technology, but to the broad range of purposes served by primary care and to the relevance of procedures to them. Other criteria for ensuring appropriateness are also proposed.

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Vogel, Mark, Sylvia Malcore, Rose Illes, and Heather Kirkpatrick. "Integrated Primary Care: Why You Should Care and How to Get Started." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 36, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.36.2.5312041n10767k51.

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Many mental health practitioners who are interested in primary care may not know how to get involved. Integrated Primary Care (IPC) is a model that normalizes mental and behavioral health issues in primary care with the goal of improved health outcomes; it shows promise for addressing mental health care disparities. Recognizing that mental and physical health problems are interwoven, utilizing the primary care system of medical health delivery offers an opportunity for patients to have greater access to behavioral services. Recent movements have increased the demand for integration of physical and behavioral health. This article reviews research on access issues, adherence, and the effectiveness of IPC with particular attention to newer studies and those examining culturally diverse groups. Finally, it offers suggestions for counselors seeking to integrate their practice with the primary care setting in a culturally sensitive way.

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Appleton, Peter. "Tier 2 CAMHS and its interface with primary care." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 6, no. 5 (September 2000): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.6.5.388.

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During the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to the primary care level of service for children and adolescents with mental health problems. In particular, a number of national reports have advised service commissioners and providers to increase the amount of specialist child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) support to primary care colleagues (Department of Health/Department for Education/Social Services Inspectorate, 1995; National Health Service (NHS)/Health Advisory Service (HAS), 1995; Audit Commission, 1999).

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Badrfam, R., and A. Zandifar. "Coronavirus disease 2019 in Iran: the need for more attention to primary health care." Public Health 182 (May 2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.03.010.

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Haq, Cynthia, Gustavo Gusso, and Maria Inez Padula Anderson. "Strengthening Primary Health Care with Family and Community Medicine in Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade 2, no. 7 (November 17, 2006): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc2(7)55.

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This paper reviews the development of the specialty of family medicine with attention to strategies that may be used to strengthen Brazilian health care with appropriately trained family doctors. These strategies include establishing academic departments of family and community medicine in all Brazilian medical schools, ensuring a common core curriculum in training programs, and defining standards for the evaluation and certification of family doctors. These strategies could enhance the quality, scope and effectiveness of the Brazilian Family Healthcare Program.

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Brown, R. T., W. S. Freeman, J. M. Perrin, M. T. Stein, R. W. Amler, H. M. Feldman, K. Pierce, and M. L. Wolraich. "Prevalence and Assessment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Primary Care Settings." PEDIATRICS 107, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): e43-e43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.107.3.e43.

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Booth, Barbara J., Nicholas Zwar, and Mark Harris. "A complexity perspective on health care improvement and reform in general practice and primary health care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 16, no. 1 (2010): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py10003.

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Health care improvement is always on the planning agenda but can prove frustrating when ‘the system’ seems to have a life of its own and responds in unpredictable ways to reform initiatives. Looking back over 20 years of general practice and primary health care in Australia, there has been plenty of planning and plenty of change, but not always a direct cause and effect relationship between the two. This article explores in detail an alternative view to the current orthodoxy of design, control and predictability in organisational change. The language of complexity is increasingly fashionable in talking about the dynamics of organisational behaviour and health care improvement, but its popular use often ignores challenging implications. However, when interpreted through human sociology and psychology, a complexity perspective offers a better match with everyday human experience of change. As such, it offers some suggestions for leaders, policy makers and managers in health care: that uncertainty and paradox are inherent in organisational change; that health care reform must pay attention to the constraints and politics of the everyday; and that change in health systems results from the complex processes of relating among those involved and that neither ‘the system’ nor a few individuals can be accountable for overall performance and outcomes.

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Milligan, James, Stephen Burns, Suzanne Groah, and Jeremy Howcroft. "A Primary Care Provider’s Guide to Preventive Health After Spinal Cord Injury." Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 26, no. 3 (October 2020): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46292/sci2603-209.

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Objective: Provide guidance for preventive health and health maintenance after spinal cord injury (SCI) for primary care providers (PCPs). Main message: Individuals with SCI may not receive the same preventive health care as the general population. Additionally, SCI-related secondary conditions may put their health at risk. SCI is considered a complex condition associated with many barriers to receiving quality primary care. Attention to routine preventive care and the unique health considerations of persons with SCI can improve health and quality of life and may prevent unnecessary health care utilization. Conclusion: PCPs are experts in preventive care and continuity of care, however individuals with SCI may not receive the same preventive care due to numerous barriers. This article serves as a quick reference for PCPs.

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Saratu Omagbemi Ajike and Mfonobong Ubong Obot. "Quality hypertension care: Barriers and drivers for implementation among primary health care staff." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 9, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 018–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.2.0036.

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Offering quality hypertension care remains a challenge in many Sub-Saharan regions including Nigeria where rates of hypertension continue to increase. Understanding factors affecting care can provide mechanisms for service improvement to promote better quality of care for hypertensives. Exploratory study using qualitative method of data collection was conducted among 17 clinical service staff in 15 Primary Health Care centres with at least 5 years of experience. Participants were selected through purposive and convenience sampling. Data collected was coded and analysed using thematic analysis and SPSS version 22 to compute frequency distribution of sociodemographic characteristics. Most (64.7%) were female and 41.2% had up to 10 years of working experience and were Nurses (49%). This study revealed that participants are still faced with barriers that hinder them from delivering quality healthcare services which affects the implementation of quality hypertension care required in the primary health centre. However, participants identified strategies that can be used to address the barriers towards implementation of quality hypertension care. Despite the worrying prevalence of cases, offering quality hypertension care remains a challenge. There is need for increased attention at the grassroots for improved resources to aid positive service output.

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Odayar, Jasantha, and Landon Myer. "Transfer of primary care patients receiving chronic care: the next step in the continuum of care." International Health 11, no. 6 (May 13, 2019): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz014.

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Abstract The burden of chronic conditions is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries. Chronic conditions require long-term and continuous care, including for patients transferring between facilities. Patient transfer is particularly important in the context of health service decentralization, which has led to increasing numbers of primary care facilities at which patients can access care, and high levels of migration, which suggest that patients might require care at multiple facilities. This article provides a critical review of existing evidence regarding transfer of stable patients receiving primary care for chronic conditions. Patient transfer has received limited consideration in people living with HIV, with growing concern that patients who transfer are at risk of poor outcomes; this appears similar for people with TB, although studies are few. There are minimal data on transfer of patients with non-communicable diseases, including diabetes. Patient transfer for chronic conditions has thus received surprisingly little attention from researchers; considering the potential risks, more research is urgently required regarding reasons for and outcomes of transfers, transfer processes and interventions to optimize transfers, for different chronic conditions. Ultimately, it is the responsibility of health systems to facilitate successful transfers, and this issue requires increased attention from researchers and policy-makers.

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Baugh Littlejohns, Lori, Kathy GermAnn, Neale Smith, Judie Bopp, Michael Bopp, Connie Reichel, Sue Harcus, Janet Goldthorp, and Yvonne Hoppins. "Integrating Community Capacity Building and Enhanced Primary Health Care Services." Australian Journal of Primary Health 6, no. 4 (2000): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py00051.

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The purpose of this study was to design, test and evaluate a community capacity assessment process within a Healthy Communities Initiative (HCI) in conjunction with model development for enhanced primary health care (PHC) services in small rural communities. This paper describes the HCI planning process and community capacity assessment methods and tools, in the context of a small rural community that identified enhanced PHC as a key priority area. A PHC demonstration project was developed and a model integrating community action with the PHC team and the services they provide was created. It is the community action component of the model that we highlight in this paper in order to further knowledge development of strategies to strengthen community action. The key learnings from this study are threefold. The assessment process appears to: (a) be effective in raising awareness, stimulating dialogue, and fostering learning about community capacity (both on the part of community participants and outside professional helpers), (b) be promising in terms of helping communities take action to build capacity in targeted areas, and (c) provide a forum for integrating the HCI and the PHC project, thereby allowing equal attention to be given to primary health care service delivery and to strengthening community action.

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Huang, Hsiang, Heather Huang, Margaret Spottswood, and Nassir Ghaemi. "Approach to Evaluating and Managing Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Primary Care." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (2020): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hrp.0000000000000248.

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Sriram, T. G., C. R. Chandrashekar, Mohan K. Isaac, and R. Srinivasa Murthy. "Training primary care medical officers in mental health care: assessment using a structured clinical examination." Psychiatric Bulletin 14, no. 8 (August 1990): 481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.8.481.

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Mental health problems in primary care settings have received wider attention in recent years (Wilkinson, 1985). In India, the National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) was formulated with the purpose of promoting mental health care through primary health care (National Mental Health Programme, 1982). As part of the implementation of NMHP, training programmes for medical officers and health workers have been initiated in a number of centres in the country (National Mental Health Programme for India, Progress Report, 1988). At the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, a monthly training programme for doctors and health workers of primary health centres has been carried out since 1982. In order to evaluate the gain in knowledge and clinical skills, a multiple-choice questionnaire and case vignettes have been standardised (Sriram et al, in press). The doctors are also evaluated through a structured clinical examination which is carried out on the last training day. The focus of the present report is to evaluate the clinical skills of medical officers using the structured clinical examination.

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Henderson, Julie. "The National Mental Health Strategy: Redefining Promotion and Prevention in Mental Health?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 3 (2007): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07041.

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This paper explores policy documents published as part of the National Mental Health Strategy for ideas about mental health promotion and prevention, to determine the extent to which these documents adopt a primary health care approach. Discourse analysis was undertaken of key policy documents to discover the manner in which they discuss mental health promotion and prevention. Three points of departure are identified. The first of these is a focus on social and biological risk factors that manifest at an individual rather than at a social level, effectively drawing attention away from social inequalities. These documents also primarily target a population that is viewed as being "at risk" due to exposure to risk factors, shifting attention from strategies aimed at improving the health of the population as a whole. A final difference is found in the understanding of primary health care. Recent policy documents equate primary health care with the first level of service delivery in the community, primarily by general practitioners, shifting the focus of care from mental health promotion with the community to early intervention with those experiencing mental health problems. This is supported by the incorporation of a biomedical understanding into mental health prevention. While recent mental health policy documents re-assert the need for early intervention and health prevention, the form of mental health prevention espoused in these documents differs from that which informed the Declaration of Alma Alta, Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion and World Health Organization's Health for All strategy.

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Hegadoren, Kathy, Colleen Norris, Gerri Lasiuk, Denise Guerreiro Vieira da Silva, and Kaitlin Chivers-Wilson. "The many faces of depression in primary care." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 18, no. 1 (March 2009): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-07072009000100019.

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Depression is a serious global health problem. It creates a huge economic burden on society and on families and has serious and pervasive health impacts on the individual and their families. Specialized psychiatric services are often scarce and thus the bulk of care delivery for depression has fallen to primary care providers, including advanced practice nurses and experienced nurses who work in under-serviced regions. These health professionals require advanced knowledge about the many faces that depression can display. This article reviews some of the faces of depression seen by primary care providers in their practices. Considering depression as a heterogeneous spectrum disorder requires attention to both the details of the clinical presentation, as well as contextual factors. Recommendations around engagement and potential interventions will also be discussed, in terms of the client population as well as for the practitioner who may be isolated by geography or discipline.

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Duckett, Stephen. "What should primary care look like after the COVID-19 pandemic?" Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 3 (2020): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py20095.

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The response to COVID-19 transformed primary care: new telehealth items were added to the Medicare Benefits Schedule, and their use quickly escalated, general practices and community health centres developed new ways of working and patients embraced the changes. As new coronavirus infections plummet and governments contemplate lifting spatial distancing restrictions, attention should turn to the transition out of pandemic mode. Some good things happened during the pandemic, including the rapid introduction of the new telehealth items. The post-pandemic health system should learn from the COVID-19 changes and create a new normal.

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Larkins, Sarah, Tarun Sen Gupta, Rebecca Evans, Richard Murray, and Robyn Preston. "Addressing inequities in access to primary health care: lessons for the training of health care professionals from a regional medical school." Australian Journal of Primary Health 17, no. 4 (2011): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11040.

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Attention to the inequitable distribution and limited access to primary health care resources is key to addressing the priority health needs of underserved populations in rural, remote and outer metropolitan areas. There is little high-quality evidence about improving access to quality primary health care services for underserved groups, particularly in relation to geographic barriers, and limited discussion about the training implications of reforms to improve access. To progress equity in access to primary health care services, health professional education institutions need to work with both the health sector and policy makers to address issues of workforce mix, recruitment and retention, and new models of primary health care delivery. This requires a fundamental shift in focus from these institutions and the health sector, to each view themselves as partners in an integrated teaching, research and service-oriented health system. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities for primary health care professionals, educators and the health sector in providing quality teaching and clinical experiences for increasing numbers of health professionals as a result of the reform agenda. It then outlines some practical strategies based on theory and evolving experience for dealing with some of these challenges and capitalising on opportunities.

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Yaman, Hakan. "Exploring dementia management attitudes in primary care: a key informant survey to primary care physicians in 25 European countries." International Psychogeriatrics 30, no. 9 (January 3, 2018): 1413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217003003.

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I read with great interest the study of Petrazzuoli et al. (2017) on exploring dementia management attitudes in primary care. The authors made a laudable effort to evaluate this important issue, which certainly needs timely attention. The high response rate from 25 member countries of the European General Practice Research Network is astonishing.

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HAWKINSWALSH, E. "Turning primary care providers' attention to child behavior: A review of the literature." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 15, no. 3 (May 2001): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5245(01)23898-x.

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Hawkins-Walsh, Elizabeth. "Turning primary care providers' attention to child behavior: A review of the literature." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 15, no. 3 (May 2001): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mph.2001.110273.

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Bannett, Yair, Heidi M. Feldman, Jason P. Bentley, David A. Ansel, C. Jason Wang, and Lynne C. Huffman. "Variation in Rate of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Management by Primary Care Providers." Academic Pediatrics 20, no. 3 (April 2020): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.016.

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Toomey, S. L., J. Finkelstein, and K. Kuhlthau. "Does Connection to Primary Care Matter for Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?" PEDIATRICS 122, no. 2 (August 1, 2008): 368–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-2794.

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Panfilova, E. A., M. P. Isaeva, and E. A. Troshina. "Hypothyroidism: a lecture for primary care physicians." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 11 (August 8, 2020): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-11-124-130.

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The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the population is high. The frequency of manifest hypothyroidism in the world, according to various data, is 0.2–2.0%, subclinical one – up to 10% for women and up to 3% for men, and in the older age group (over 70 years) reaches 14%, with the majority of cases of hypothyroidism accounted for primary hypothyroidism. Thus, a doctor of any specialty in his practice is likely to meet a patient with hypothyroidism: both with the established diagnosis, and face the need for differential diagnosis of various pathological conditions with hypothyroidism. This article presents a classification of hypothyroidism based on etiological aspects, describes the clinical picture of the disease, pays special attention to the so-called «masks» of hypothyroidism, which, in our view, can be useful for a doctor of any specialty, provides available methods for diagnosing this syndrome (special attention is paid to laboratory methods), as well as the goals and principles of treatment, highlights the need to monitor laboratory indicators in dynamics against the background of treatment. In addition, the features of correction of hypothyroidism during pregnancy are given. The article presents the peculiarities of selecting drug doses depending on the patient’s age and comorbidity. The distinctive feature and the purpose of this article, from our point of view, is its potential benefits not only for endocrinologists, but also for other health professionals.

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STEVENS, JACK, JEFFREY S. HARMAN, and KELLY J. KELLEHER. "Ethnic and Regional Differences in Primary Care Visits for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 25, no. 5 (October 2004): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-200410000-00003.

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Faruqi, Nighat, Jane Lloyd, Raghib Ahmad, Lin-Lee Yeong, and Mark Harris. "Feasibility of an intervention to enhance preventive care for people with low health literacy in primary health care." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 3 (2015): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14061.

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The objective of the study was to explore the feasibility of an intervention that enhances preventive care for primary care patients with low health literacy. A mixed method study was conducted in four Sydney general practices in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage. The intervention included screening for low health literacy in patients aged 40–69 years, clinical record audits of care for prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and provider training and meetings. Surveys and interviews were conducted to identify providers’ approaches to, and delivery of, preventive care for people with low health literacy. Our study found variable response rates and prevalence of low health literacy. Of the eligible patients screened, 29% had low health literacy. Providers described three approaches to preventive care, which remained largely unchanged. However, they demonstrated recognition of the importance of better communication and referral support for patients with low health literacy. Fewer patients with low health literacy were identified than expected. Despite improved awareness of the need for better communication, there was limited evidence of change in providers’ approach to providing preventive care, suggesting a need for more attention towards providers’ attitudes to support these patients.

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Eleftheriadis, Pavlos. "A Right to Health Care." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 40, no. 2 (2012): 268–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2012.00663.x.

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Do we have a legal and moral right to health care against others? There are international conventions and institutions that say emphatically yes, and they summarize this in the expression of “the right to health,” which is an established part of the international human rights canon. The International Covenant on Social and Economic Rights outlines this as “the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health,” but declarations such as this remain tragically unfulfilled. According to recent figures, roughly two billion people lack access to essential drugs or to primary health care. Millions are afflicted by infections and illnesses that are easily avoidable or treatable. In the developing world many children die or grow stunted and damaged for lack of available treatments. Tropical diseases receive little or no attention by the major pharmaceutical companies’ research departments. Is this a massive violation of the right to health? And if so, why does it attract so little attention? Is it because our supposed commitment to human rights and the rule of law is hypocritical and hollow? Or is it because the right to health is a special case of a right, so that these tragedies are no violation at all? Jennifer Prah Ruger summarized this puzzle when she wrote: “one would be hard pressed to find a more controversial or nebulous human right than the right to health.” In this essay I discuss three different theories of a right to health care. I conclude by offering my own reconstruction of one such theory.

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Turbitt, Erin, and Gary Lee Freed. "Paediatric emergency department referrals from primary care." Australian Health Review 40, no. 6 (2016): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15211.

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Background Over the last decade, paediatric referrals from general practitioners (GPs) to the emergency department (ED) have increased by 60% in Australia. Objective To investigate the characteristics of Victorian children referred by GPs to the ED with lower-urgency conditions. Method Data were collected from four hospital EDs in Victoria, May–November 2014. Parents attending the ED with their child triaged as lower urgency were surveyed. Descriptive, frequency, and bivariate analyses were performed. Results Of the 1150 responses, 28% (320) visited their GP before attending ED. Of these 66% (212), were referred by their GP. A greater proportion with injury than illness (84% vs 59%; P < 0.0001) was referred to the ED if they had first visited their GP. Conclusion Motivations of GPs to send lower-urgency injured and ill children to ED are not well understood. The high number of referrals from GPs to the ED for lower urgency conditions suggests attention by policy makers and health professionals must be paid to the current patterns of care of children in general practice. What is known about the topic? Paediatric referrals in Australia from GPs to EDs have increased in the last decade, along with the absolute number of children in Victoria presenting to the ED. What does this paper add? A significant number of children (66%) who attend the GP before visiting the ED are referred to the ED for their lower urgency condition. What are the implications for practitioners? It may be appropriate for GPs to be further supported to manage lower urgency conditions, through better resources or education.

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Fogel, Benjamin, Daniel Waschbusch, Banku Jairath, Deepa Sekhar, and James Waxmonsky. "Feasibility and effectiveness of implementing an integrated care model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in primary care pediatrics." International Journal of Integrated Care 19, no. 4 (August 8, 2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.s3371.

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Eakin, Elizabeth G., Ben J. Smith, and Adrian E. Bauman. "Evaluating the Population Health Impact of Physical Activity Interventions in Primary Care—Are We Asking the Right Questions?" Journal of Physical Activity and Health 2, no. 2 (April 2005): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2.2.197.

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Background:This article evaluates the extent to which the literature on primary care-based physical activity interventions informs the translation of research into practice and identifies priorities for future research.Methods:Relevant databases were searched for: (1) descriptive studies of physician barriers to physical activity counseling (n = 8), and (2) reviews of the literature on primary care-based physical activity intervention studies (n = 9). The RE-AIM framework was used to guide the evaluation.Results:Lack of time, limited patient receptiveness, lack of remuneration, and limited counseling skills are the predominant barriers to physical activity counselling. Issues of internal validity (i.e., effectiveness and implementation) have received much more attention in the literature than have issues of external validity (i.e., reach and adoption).Conclusions:The research agenda for primary care-based physical activity interventions needs greater attention to the feasibility of adoption by busy primary care staff, generalizability, and dissemination.

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Forsyth, Adrienne K., Peter G. Williams, and Frank P. Deane. "Nutrition status of primary care patients with depression and anxiety." Australian Journal of Primary Health 18, no. 2 (2012): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11023.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrition status of people referred to a nutrition and physical activity program for the management of mental health in general practice. Patients currently being treated for depression and/or anxiety were referred by their GPs to a lifestyle intervention program. The nutrition status was assessed during a comprehensive assessment at the commencement of the program. The lifestyle intervention program, including all assessments, was offered at multiple sites including GP clinics in the Illawarra, and in clinic rooms at the University of Wollongong. Thirty-two men and seventy-seven women completed the assessment. Patients were referred with depression (52%), anxiety (19%) or both (28%). Eighty percent of participants were overweight or obese. All participants completed an assessment that included a diet history, anthropometric measurements and the completion of several questionnaires including the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Nutrition status was assessed using mean nutrient intakes and Australian modified Healthy Eating Index scores evaluated against the National Nutrition Survey intakes and DASS scores. Participants met the estimated average requirements for all nutrients except folate (17%), magnesium (78%) and calcium (57%). Intakes were similar to those reported in the National Nutrition Survey. Only magnesium intakes were significantly related to depression (r = –0.26). Australian modified Healthy Eating Index scores were significantly negatively correlated with DASS scores (P < 0.01). The associations presented here support the existing body of literature. Nutrition recommendations for patients with depression and anxiety should be based on the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating with particular attention to fruit, vegetables and wholegrains.

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Hoff, Alexandra, Cheyenne Hughes-Reid, Erica Sood, and Meghan Lines. "Utilization of Integrated and Colocated Behavioral Health Models in Pediatric Primary Care." Clinical Pediatrics 59, no. 14 (July 19, 2020): 1225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009922820942157.

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Integrating behavioral health services within pediatric primary care may help address barriers to these services for youth, especially the underserved. Models of primary care behavioral health include coordinated, colocated, integrated, and collaborative care. This study began exploring the comparative utility of these models by investigating differences in the demographics and diagnoses of patients seen for a behavioral health warm handoff (integrated model) and a scheduled behavioral health visit (colocated model) across 3 pediatric primary care sites. The 3 sites differed in their rates of warm handoff usage, and there were differences in certain diagnoses given at warm handoffs versus scheduled visits. Depression diagnoses were more likely to be given in warm handoffs, and disruptive behavior, trauma/adjustment, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder–related diagnoses were more likely to be given in scheduled visits. These results have implications for the influence of office structure and standardized procedures on behavioral health models used in pediatric primary care.

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Dahlgren, Göran, and Finn Diderichsen. "Strategies for Equity in Health: Report from Sweden." International Journal of Health Services 16, no. 4 (October 1986): 517–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/27k4-dhk1-cdcb-9p94.

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In recent years the Swedish debate on health policy has been focusing on resource allocation between primary care versus secondary care, private care versus public care, and prevention versus care. The National Commission on the “Swedish Health Services in the 1990s” brought attention to the prevailing inequalities in health. The Health Policy Bill of 1985 defines the reduction of inequalities in health as a major target of national health policy. The health policy measures discussed are mainly outside the health care sector.

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Solikhah, Umi, Hari Kusnanto, and Fitri Haryanti. "Health Cadres Commitmentin Child Health Care in Moslem Society of Banyumas District." International Conference of Moslem Society 1 (October 24, 2016): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/icms.2016.2382.

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Community empowerment with regard to maternal and child health services at the community level carried out by cadre.Cadre is health volunteers, selected by the community.404 number of active cadres in primary health care of South Purwokerto entirely female, although it may be a cadre of men. Active cadre toddler actively providing services every month for child before 5 years age. Interest to know the various reasons committed cadres in performing their duties. The method used is qualitative study,to describe a variety of reasons commitment to perform cadre duties in child health care. Retrieving data using interview techniques through the focus group discussion. Data from 30 cadres.Results of interviews taken until the data saturation, as a reason believed by cadres in the commitment to carry out tasks of serving the Muslim community. Characteristic respondent are mean of age 38 years (the youngest age of 25 years and the oldest 55 years old), a 100% Islamic religion, level of education majority of senior high school(at least primary school). Educational level health cadres in Banyumas has met the minimum requirements by the WHO.Results of the analysis showed thatcommitment includes a cadre of dedicated, caring community, a desire to learn, social esteem, individual satisfaction, togetherness, organization, and spirituality. The spirit of cadre to the community need the attention of the government for development and prosperity in accordance with their duties.Spiritual reasons become one of the motivations in providing health services to the community, albeit to a spirit of dedication and a great desire to learn. Cadres continue to provide services, even to families with different spiritual.

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Serrano-Ripoll, Maria J., Joana Ripoll, Erica Briones-Vozmediano, Joan Llobera, Maria A. Fiol-deRoque, and Ignacio Ricci-Cabello. "Exploring primary health care professionals’ perceptions about a patient feedback intervention to improve patient safety in Spanish primary health care centres: a qualitative study." Family Practice 37, no. 6 (May 19, 2020): 821–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmaa051.

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Abstract Background Patient feedback interventions are receiving increasing attention given their potential to improve health care provision. However, primary health care (PHC) professionals’ acceptability and perceived utility of this type of interventions remain largely unexplored. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore PHC professionals’ perceptions, opinions and suggestions about a patient feedback intervention currently being designed to improve patient safety in Spanish PHC centres. Methods We conducted an exploratory qualitative study with 43 PHC professionals. Information was obtained from three semi-structured interviews and four focus groups. All data were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using content analysis by three analysts. Results The patient feedback intervention was acceptable to health care professionals, who perceived it as a useful strategy to improve health care processes and activate patients. A number of factors potentially limiting the acceptability and perceived utility of the intervention were identified (low patient safety culture, low patient-centred care orientation and limited credibility of patient feedback data). Recommendations for designing and implementing the proposed intervention in the Spanish PHC centres were identified in relation to the following areas: ‘collection and analysis of feedback data’; ‘feedback display’; ‘feedback delivery’ and; ‘implementation of safety improvement initiatives’. Conclusions Although the proposed intervention was generally perceived as useful and acceptable, our study identified a number of tensions about the practical aspects of using the patient-reported data and the credibility of the data and what actions would arise from its use. The intervention has been adapted to address these tensions before its formal evaluation in a randomized clinical trial.

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Manso Bazús, C., J. Valdes Valdazo, E. Garcia Fernandez, L. T. Velilla Diez, J. Min Kim, C. Martinez Martinez, and M. Á. Heredero Sanz. "Most Common Diagnoses in First Consultations On Mental Health Centers." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1640.

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IntroductionIt often happens that primary care teams sends to specialized care any type of demand without discriminating on many times.ObjectiveStudy of diagnoses that get to the consultations.MethodologyRetrospective observational study with data gathered during 3 months of diagnosis carried out in the first consultations.ResultsThe study guides that there is much minor pathology in the first consultation.ConclusionsCurrently, attention on mental health is overcrowded because there is an excess of derivation from minor pathologies. So, an adequate coordination and communication with primary care could improve patients’ care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Primary health care attention'

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