Academic literature on the topic 'Primary health care – Zimbabwe'

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Journal articles on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

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WATERSTON, T., and D. SANDERS. "Teaching primary health care: some lessons from Zimbabwe." Medical Education 21, no. 1 (January 1987): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00506.x.

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Woelk, Godfrey B. "Primary health care in Zimbabwe: Can it survive?" Social Science & Medicine 39, no. 8 (October 1994): 1027–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)90374-3.

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Abas, Melanie, O. Lovemore Mbengeranwa, Iris V. Simmons Chagwedera, Patricia Maramba, and Jeremy Broadhead. "Primary Care Services for Depression in Harare, Zimbabwe." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (January 2003): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10673220303952.

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Broadhead, Jeremy, and Melanie Abas. "Depressive Illness — Zimbabwe." Tropical Doctor 24, no. 1 (January 1994): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559402400113.

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Depression is common in the developing world and accounts for 10–20% of attendances at primary care clinics. It is a condition associated with considerable morbidity. This paper considers the characteristics of depressive illness in Zimbabwe and discusses ways to improve detection and management.
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Ferrand, Rashida A., Lucia Munaiwa, John Matsekete, Tsitsi Bandason, Kusum Nathoo, Chiratidzo E. Ndhlovu, Shungu Munyati, Frances M. Cowan, Diana M. Gibb, and Elizabeth L. Corbett. "Undiagnosed HIV Infection among Adolescents Seeking Primary Health Care in Zimbabwe." Clinical Infectious Diseases 51, no. 7 (October 2010): 844–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/656361.

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Chilunjika, Alouis, and Sharon R. T. Muzvidziwa-Chilunjika. "Dynamics surrounding the Implementation of the Primary Health Care Approach in Zimbabwe’s Rural Areas: The Case of Mt Darwin District." International Journal of Clinical Inventions and Medical Science 3, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijcims-0301.162.

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This research studied the implementation of the Primary Health Care approach to health service delivery in Zimbabwe’s rural areas from 2009 to 2012. The approach was launched in response to the Alma-Alta Declaration in 1978 which sought to end the inequalities in health care provision around the globe and was first adopted and implemented in 1982 in Zimbabwe. The approach almost collapsed due to the economic meltdown in the past decade but the period 2009 to 2013 marked a new economic paradigm in Zimbabwe which saw the economy being dollarized which subsequently led to the revival and the resuscitation of the health sector. It is therefore to explore the progress and the dynamics surrounding the implementation of the PHC at Mt Darwin Hospital in light of the dollarized economy. The study explores the dynamics surrounding the implementation of PHC at Mt Darwin District Hospital by particular attention to the following key elements: promotion of nutrition, sanitation, maternal and child care, immunization, treatment of common diseases and provision of essential drugs. Qualitative techniques such as face to face interviews with key informants and documentary research were used to generate data. The research findings revealed that PHC is a powerful tool in delivering health services in Mt Darwin. However, lack of material, financial and human resources have hindered the proper implementation of the PHC approach in Mt Darwin district. The study recommends multi sectoral collaboration in solving health related issues.
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Chibanda, D. "Reducing the treatment gap for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in Africa: lessons from the Friendship Bench in Zimbabwe." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 26, no. 4 (April 12, 2017): 342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016001128.

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Mental, neurological and substance use disorders (MNS) are a leading cause of disability in Africa. In response to the large treatment gap for MNS, a growing body of evidence-based treatments (EBTs) is emerging from Africa; however, there is a dearth of knowledge on how to scale up EBT. The Friendship Bench intervention is a brief psychological treatment delivered through the primary health care system in Zimbabwe by trained lay health workers. It has contributed significantly towards narrowing the treatment gap for common mental disorders in Zimbabwe where it has been scaled up to over 70 primary health care facilities. A three-pronged approach consisting of community engagement, use of EBTs and a government endorsed scale-up plan is described as part of the key strategy leading to the scale up of the Friendship Bench.
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Patel, V., E. Simunyu, and F. Gwanzura. "The pathways to primary mental health care in high-density suburbs in Harare, Zimbabwe." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 32, no. 2 (February 1997): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00788927.

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Nyazema, Norman Z. "The Zimbabwe Crisis and the Provision of Social Services." Journal of Developing Societies 26, no. 2 (June 2010): 233–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x1002600204.

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Historically, health care in Zimbabwe was provided primarily to cater to colonial administrators and the expatriate, with separate care or second-provision made for Africans. There was no need for legislation to guarantee its provision to the settler community. To address the inequities in health that had existed prior to 1980, at independence, Zimbabwe adopted the concept of Equity in Health and Primary Health Care. Initially, this resulted in the narrowing of the gap between health provision in rural areas and urban areas. Over the years, however, there have been clear indications of growing inequities in health provision and health care as a result of mainly Economic Structural Adjustment Policies (ESAP), 1991–1995, and health policy changes. Infant and child mortality have been worsened by the impact of HIV/AIDS and reduced access to affordable essential health care. For example, life expectancy at birth was 56 in the 1980s, increased to 60 in 1990 and is now about 43. Morbidity (diseases) and mortality (death rates) trends in Zimbabwe show that the population is still affected by the traditional preventable diseases and conditions that include nutritional deficiencies, communicable diseases, pregnancy and childbirth conditions and the conditions of the new born. The deterioration of the Zimbabwean health services sector has also partially been due to increasing shortages of qualified personnel. The public sector has been operating with only 19 per cent staff since 2000. Many qualified and competent health workers left the country because of the unfavourable political environment. The health system in Zimbabwe has been operating under a legal and policy framework that in essence does not recognize the right to health. Neither the pre-independence constitution nor the Lancaster House constitution, which is the current Constitution of Zimbabwe, made specific provisions for the right to health. Progress made in the 1980s characterized by adequate financing of the health system and decentralized health management and equity of health services between urban and rural areas, which saw dramatic increases in child survival rates and life expectancy, was, unfortunately, not consolidated. As of 2000 per capita health financing stood at USD 8.55 as compared to USD 23.6, which had been recommended by the Commission of Review into the Health Sector in 1997. At the beginning of 2008 it had been dramatically further eroded and stood at only USD 0.19 leading to the collapse of the health system. Similarly, education in Zimbabwe, in addition to the changes it has undergone during the different periods since attainment of independence, also went through many phases during the colonial period. From 1962 up until 1980, the Rhodesia Front government catered more for the European child. Luckily, some mission schools that had been established earlier kept on expanding taking in African children who could proceed with secondary education (high school education). Inequity in education existed when the ZANU-PF government came into power in 1980. It took aggressive and positive steps to redress the inequalities that existed in the past. Unfortunately, the government did not come up with an education policy or philosophy in spite of massive expansion and investment. The government had cut its expenditure on education because of economic and political instability. This has happened particularly in rural areas, where teachers have left the teaching profession.
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Patel, Vikram, Charles Todd, Mark Winston, Essie Simunyu, Fungisai Gwanzura, Wilson Acuda, and Anthony Mann. "Outcome of common mental disorders in Harare, Zimbabwe." British Journal of Psychiatry 172, no. 1 (January 1998): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.172.1.53.

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BackgroundLittle is known about the outcome of common mental disorders (CMD) in primary care attenders in low income countries.MethodTwo and 12 month (T1 and T2) follow-up of a cohort of cases of CMD (n=199) recruited from primary health, traditional medical practitioner, and general practitioner clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. The Shona Symptom Questionnaire (SSQ) was the measure of caseness.ResultsThe persistence of case level morbidity was recorded in 41% of subjects at 12 months. Of the 134 subjects interviewed at both follow-up points, 49% had recovered by T1 and remained well at T2 while 28% were persistent cases at both T1 and T2. Higher SSQ scores, a psychological illness model, bereavement and disability predicted a poor outcome at both times. Poorer outcome at T1 only was associated with a causal model of witch-craft and an unhappy childhood. Caseness at follow-up was associated with disability and economic deprivation.ConclusionsA quarter of cases of CMD were likely to be ill throughout the 12 month follow-up period. Targeting risk groups for poor outcome for interventions and policy interventions to reduce the impact of economic deprivation may provide a way of tackling CMD in primary care in low income countries.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

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Kufa, Erica. "The timing of first antenatal care visit and factors associated with access to care among antenatal care attendees at Chitungwiza municipal clinics, Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4553.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Background and Rationale: Antenatal care (ANC) is vital for accessing prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services. The timing of the first ANC visit is critical for HIV infected pregnant women to access antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis as recommended. In addition pregnant women access other interventions like syphilis screening and treatment, provision of ferrous iron supplements, malaria prevention and treatment, health education, identification and management of risk factors. There is however paucity of information on factors associated with the timing and adequate use of ANC services in Chitungwiza Township, Zimbabwe. Aim: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with early access to and adequate use of ANC services among women attending ANC in the four polyclinics in Chitungwiza Township.Method:The study included a retrospective record review of women who registered for ANC in 2010 and a cross sectional study of pregnant women attending ANC clinic for the first time during the current pregnancy during the survey period. Data on gestation age at first ANC visit, number of ANC visits, age, gravidity, parity, tetanus, iron sulphate, rhesus results, HIV test result, WHO clinical stage, CD4 count, cotrimoxazole, PMTCT option accepted, date of initiation of AZT or ART; partner HIV test results; and infant feeding adherence done was abstracted into an MS Excel spreadsheet from the 2010 ANC registers in the four primary health care clinics. Every fourth record was captured. Exit interviews were also conducted on all women attending ANC for the first time during the current pregnancy using a structured questionnaire. Questions on socio-economic status, pregnancy history, reasons for seeking ANC, knowledge and belief about ANC services and their perception of the service received were asked. The outcome variables were gestation age at first ANC visit and the number of ANC visits. The spreadsheet was imported into Epi Info 7.0.9.7 and STATA 11 for analysis. The questionnaires were captured into an Epi Info 7 database exported to STATA 11 for analysis. A sample of 1,236 of first ANC visit records were abstracted from the 2010 ANC registers in the four primary care clinics and 80 women coming for ANC were interviewed in three clinics. The prevalence of pregnant women attending ANC for the first time at gestation age less or equal to 14 weeks and the prevalence of women with less than 4 ANC visits were computed. Pearson Chi-square tests were used to determine the strength of the relationships between the dependent variable (gestation age at the time of the first visit) and independent variables of age, marital status, level of education, parity, gravidity. All statistical tests were performed at 5% significance level and estimates were calculated at 95% confidence interval. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between the outcome and the independent variables. Model interpretation was done using odds ratios (OR). Levels of knowledge and perception about ANC services as well as service content during the visit were also summarized. Results: Less than 1% of the women who attended ANC in 2010 came for 1st visit at week 14 or less, while of the women interviewed, 2.5% came at similar gestation age. Thirty-nine percent of women attending ANC in 2010 had at least four visits. Lower parity and tetanus immunization were significantly associated with early ANC initiation, while tetanus immunization and syphilis screening were associated with the number of visits.Among the interviewed women (n=80), 72.1% believed that a pregnant women should start ANC at 14 weeks or earlier. Most women (61.7%) cited having no money for booking as the reason for not coming earlier. Need for husband or partners permission, procrastination and not having any health problems with previous pregnancies were also a barrier to access. Uptake of HIV testing was very high at 94.7% of the women. However partner testing was very low at 2.1%. Knowledge of the appropriate time of the first ANC visit was somewhat high but not universal. Conclusions and Recommendations: Timely and adequate uptake of ANC services is very low in Chitungwiza Township. The user-fees appeared to be a major barrier to accessing ANC timely. While correct knowledge about when to go for ANC and the health problems women face during pregnancy and childbirth is prevalent,other factors like the need for permission from spouse or partner and procrastination were barriers to seeking service. Abolishing maternity fees should be seriously considered in order to increase access to timely ANC services. Sustainable means of financing services without reducing quality should be sought. There was variable uptake of various interventions in the ANC package due in part to supplies stock outs. There is need for strengthening the procurement and distribution systems so as to ensure continuous supplies at service delivery level.
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Tamirepi, Farirai. "HIV and AIDS within the primary health care delivery system in Zimbabwe : a quest for a spiritual and pastoral approach to healing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85760.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This qualitatively oriented Practical Theological research journey, informed by the philosophical ideas of postmodern, contextual, participatory and feminist theologies, postmodern and social construction epistemologies was based on a participatory action research through the therapeutic lens of narrative inquiry. The thesis is about the spiritual problems and spiritual needs of people living with HIV and AIDS and how they can be addressed as part of a holistic approach to their care within the primary healthcare delivery system in Zimbabwe. The research curiosity was prompted by the HIV and AIDS policy in Zimbabwe that advocates for a holistic approach to the care of HIV and AIDS patients within the primary health care delivery system. The recognition that healthcare has to be holistic for the best outcome for patients creates an expectation that spiritual care will also be incorporated into clinical practice. However there is a puzzling blind spot and a strange silence about the spiritual problems and spiritual needs of people living with HIV and AIDS within the HIV and AIDS policy. This has had the effects of reducing intervention programmes to purely medical, psychological and sociological. This research sought to correct such an approach by highlighting the role of spiritual care in the healing process of people living with HIV and AIDS as part of the holistic approach to their care. The core information, on which this research is based, comes from the experiences of people living with HIV and AIDS who are receiving care within the primary health care delivery system in Zimbabwe. It sweeps away statistics and places those questing for spiritual healing at the core of the study. All the participants in the study affirmed that the why me questions as a summation of their indescribable and unimaginable spiritual pain felt in the spirit were directed to God. They confirmed that their spiritual problem was spiritual pain and their spiritual need therefore was spiritual healing from the spiritual pain of which God is believed to be the healer. The belief that God is the ultimate healer of the spiritual pain stood out from the midst of problem saturated narratives of spiritual pain and suffering as the unique outcome to reconstruct the alternative problem free stories of healing. The research opted for an approach that is informed by the experiences of people living with HIV and AIDS. In the light of the stories shared by the participants in this study, it became evident that there is an existing need within the Primary Health Care delivery system in Zimbabwe to provide spiritual care to people living with HIV and AIDS. The research aimed at co-creating a spiritual care approach in which those living with HIV and AIDS as well as those working with them can be empowered to re-author the stories of patients‟ lives around their self preferred images. The narrative approach was explored in this research as a possible therapeutic approach that could be used to journey pastorally with people living with HIV and AIDS in a non-controlling, non-blaming, non-directive and not knowing guiding manner that would permit the people living with HIV and AIDS to use their own spiritual resources in a way that can bring spiritual healing to their troubled spirits. The research also emphasizes the position of the people living with HIV and AIDS which they can inhabit and lay claim to the many possibilities of their own lives that lie beyond the expertise of the pastoral caregiver. The strong suggestion emerging from this study is that a spiritual care approach to healing must of necessity be integrated into the holistic approach to the care of people living with HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwe. The wish of participants that their spiritual well-being be considered in their health care adds momentum to this suggestion. Hence the research argues for the inclusion of a spiritual and pastoral approach to spiritual healing which links the patient‟s spirituality and pastoral care. The research does not claim to have the solutions or quick fix miracle to the complicated spiritual pain of people living with HIV and AIDS and neither claims to have the power to bring any neat conclusions to the spiritual healing of people living with HIV and AIDS. However, the research has the potential to stimulate a new story of spirituality as a vital resource in the healing process of people living with HIV and AIDS and ignoring it may defeat the purpose of a holistic approach to the care of people living with HIV. The re-authoring of alternative stories is an ongoing process but like in all journeys, there are landmarks that indicate achievements, places of transfer or starting new directions or turning around. Hence this research process may be regarded as a landmark that indicated a new direction in the participants‟ journey towards spiritual healing.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie kwalitatief-georiënteerde Praktiese Teologie navorsingsreis, geïnformeer deur die filosofiese idees van postmoderne, kontekstuele, deelnemende en feministiese teologie, postmoderne en sosiale konstruksie epistemologie, is gebaseer op deelnemende aksie-navorsing deur die terapeutiese lens van narratiewe ondersoek. Die tesis handel oor die spirituele probleme en navorsingsbehoeftes van mense wat met MIV en vigs leef en hoe dit aangespreek kan word as deel van ʼn holistiese benadering tot hul sorg binne die primêre gesondheidsorg-diensleweringstelsel in Zimbabwe. Die navorsing-belangstelling het ontwikkel na aanleiding van die MIV en vigs beleid in Zimbabwe wat ʼn holistiese benadering tot die sorg van MIV en vigs pasiënte in die primêre gesondheidsorg-diensleweringstelsel bepleit. Die erkenning dat gesondheidsorg holisties moet wees om die beste uitkoms vir pasiënte te bied, skep ʼn verwagting dat spirituele sorg ook by kliniese praktyk ingesluit sal word. Daar is egter in die HIV en vigs beleid ʼn raaiselagtige blinde kol, ʼn vreemde stilte oor die spirituele probleme en spirituele behoeftes van mense wat met MIV en vigs leef. Die gevolg is dat intervensie-programme gereduseer word tot slegs mediese, sielkundige en sosiologiese programme. Hierdie navorsing streef om dié benadering reg te stel deur die beklemtoning van die rol van spirituele sorg in die heling-proses van mense wat met MIV en vigs leef as deel van die holistiese benadering tot hul sorg. Die kerninligting waarop hierdie navorsing gegrond is, vloei voort uit die ervarings van mense wat leef met MIV en vigs en sorg ontvang binne die primêre gesondheidsorg-diensleweringstelsel in Zimbabwe. Dit vee statistiek van die tafel af en plaas diegene wat soek na spirituele heling, in die hart van die ondersoek. Al die deelnemers aan die ondersoek het bevestig dat hul “Waarom ek?” vrae, as opsomming van hul onbeskryflike, ondenkbare geestelike pyn, aan God gerig is. Hulle het bevestig dat hul spirituele probleem spirituele pyn is, en dat hul spirituele behoefte dus spirituele genesing is van die spirituele pyn, die pyn waarvan geglo word dat God die geneser is. Die geloof dat God die opperste geneser is, het uitgestaan te midde van die probleem-deurdrenkte narratiewe van spirituele pyn en lyding as die unieke uitkoms om alternatiewe probleem-vrye verhale van heling te herkonstrueer. Die navorsing het ʼn benadering gekies wat geïnformeer is deur die ervarings van mense wat leef met MIV en vigs. In die lig van die verhale wat die deelnemers aan die studie gedeel het, het dit duidelik geword dat daar ʼn behoefte is dat spirituele sorg ook aan mense wat leef met MIV en vigs verskaf word in die primêre gesondheidsorg-diensleweringstelsel in Zimbabwe. Die doel van die navorsing was om saam ʼn spirituele sorg benadering te skep waarin diegene wat met MIV en vigs leef, sowel as diegene wat met hulle werk, bemagtig kan word om die stories van pasiënte se lewens te herskryf in terme van pasiënte se verkose beelde. Die narratiewe benadering is in hierdie studie ondersoek as ʼn moontlike terapeutiese benadering wat gebruik kan word om pastoraal te reis met mense wat leef met MIV en vigs op ʼn manier wat nie kontroleer, beskuldig, voorskryf of weet nie, maar wat mense wat met MIV en vigs leef eerder begelei en toelaat om hul eie spirituele bronne te gebruik op ʼn manier wat spirituele genesing vir hul gekwelde siele kan bring. Die navorsing beklemtoon ook die posisie van mense wat leef met MIV en vigs waarin hulle spirituele moontlikhede, areas van hul lewens kan eien en bewoon, moontlikhede wat buite die bereik van pastorale versorgers lê. Uit hierdie studie vloei ʼn sterk suggestie dat ʼn spirituele benadering tot genesing noodwendig geïntegreer moet wees in die holistiese benadering tot die sorg van mense wat leef met MIV en vigs in Zimbabwe. Deelnemers se wens dat hul spirituele behoeftes ook in hul gesondheidsorg oorweeg word, gee aan dié suggestie verdere momentum. Derhalwe argumenteer hierdie navorsing ten gunste van die insluiting van ʼn spirituele en pastorale benadering tot spirituele genesing wat die pasiënt se spiritualiteit en pastorale sorg verbind. Die studie maak nie daarop aanspraak dat dit antwoorde of ʼn wonderbare kits-oplossing bied vir die gekompliseerde spirituele pyn van mens wat leef met MIV en vigs nie, of spirituele genesing netjies afsluit nie. Die navorsing het egter wel die potensiaal om ʼn nuwe verhaal te stimuleer van spiritualiteit as ʼn deurslaggewende bron in die genesingsproses van mense wat leef met MIV en vigs. Om spiritualiteit te ignoreer, mag dalk die doel verydel van ʼn holistiese benadering tot die sorg van mense wat met MIV en vigs leef. Die herskryf van alternatiewe verhale is ʼn voortdurende proses, maar soos alle reise, is daar landmerke wat prestasies aandui, en ook punte van verplasing, rigtingverandering of selfs ommekeer. Hierdie navorsing kan beskou word as ʼn landmerk van ʼn verandering van rigting in deelnemers se reis na spirituele genesing.
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Tsonga, Michelle. "The impact of promoting stakeholder participation to improve Primary Health Care : A Case of Dangamvura Township Ward 7 & 15, Mutare, Zimbabwe." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77974.

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Stakeholder participation is an essential component in Primary Health Care as it involves the influence, investment and interest of people who participate in any capacity. In Zimbabwe, PHC has declined due to the economic conditions, shortage of drugs and skilled health professionals. In the case of Dangamvura Township, there is an increasing influx of number of people who are immigrating to live in the location. As a result of this influx the health facilities are now constrained to adequately facilitate and sustain the PHC needs of the residents. This research aimed at exploring if stakeholder participation can have an impact on improving the conditions of PHC. The main question asked was: What is the impact of promoting stakeholder participation in Primary health care in Dangamvura Township? The current state can be caused by a variety of sources but for this dissertation the focus was on one source of the problem which is Rapid Population Growth (RPG). Primary Health Care in Dangamvura cannot sustain the population growth in the township and therefore causing a lot of problems within the community. The stakeholders within the Primary Health Care, namely the community members, their leaders, doctors and nurses face many challenges in their effort to cope with the poor health conditions. A mixed methods research approach (qualitative and quantitative) guided by the interpretivist or constructivist paradigm was used to conduct the research. The dissertation’s main goal was to explore responses to the local health problems and ways to solve these problems through stakeholder participation. The findings revealed, amongst others, that government programmes that were planned without local people’s knowledge encountered a plethora of challenges which stifled effective and efficient implementation. Even though the community gatherings were held for health programs, the implementation process was rather long and eventually some ideas were just left redundant. One of the recommendations arising from the study was that the government should address social determinants of health related to poverty and poor living conditions. A further recommendation was that health care policies which are currently implemented should be revised to ensure that all Zimbabweans have access to health care. The implementation of such policies should be monitored and evaluated on a regular basis and in this way service delivery and access of patients to health care facilities will be improved.
Dissertation (MSocSci (Development Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Anthropology and Archaeology
MSocSci (Development Studies)
Unrestricted
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Koroka, Priscilla. "Factors affecting adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Masvingo District, Zimbabwe." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8022.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Background: With the improvements in the effectiveness and availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), perinatally infected children are surviving to adolescence and emerging as a significant sub-population living with HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe. Adolescents, aged 10-19 years, face unique challenges related to adherence to chronic medication due to this period of vulnerability that is characterised by decreased parental support and supervision, decreased inhibition, increased risk-taking, and immature judgement. It is widely reported that poor adherence to ART leads to viral rebound, disease progression and drug resistance, in addition to increasing the risk of transmitting resistant strains of HIV to others. It is imperative to determine the factors that influence ART adherence among HIV positive adolescents so that effective interventions can be put in place. The current study described the factors that are associated with adherence to ART among HIV positive adolescents in Zimbabwe. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 136 randomly selected adolescents (10-19 years) who were receiving ART at two referral hospitals in Masvingo District in 2019 was undertaken. A questionnaire was administered to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, adherence and factors related to adherence such as person/patient, health system, medication, disease characteristics and social factors. Clinical data were extracted from the Electronic Monitoring Patient System. SPSS v24 was used for descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: More than half of the participants (61%) had combined optimal adherence (dose adherence, schedule adherence and adhered to dietary instructions) in the previous three days. The most frequent reasons reported for missing HIV medications in the previous month was being away from home (50%); forgetfulness (25%); and having too many pills to take (25%). In bivariate analysis, only duration of time since HIV diagnosis was significantly associated with combined adherence to ART in the previous three days. Conclusion: Tailored interventions are recommended to address low adherence amongst adolescents. These interventions should include convenient clinic appointment schedules for adolescents to pick up medication, reminders to take medication, regimen change to a single dose, and peer education and adherence clubs to improve knowledge about HIV and treatment, and curb treatment fatigue.
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Bumgarner, D., K. Owens, J. Correll, W. T. Dalton, and Jodi Polaha. "Primary Behavioral Health Care in Pediatric Primary Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6597.

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Polaha, Jodi. "Primary Care Behavioral Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6676.

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Florini, Marita A. "Primary care providers' perception of care coordination needs and strategies in adult primary care practice." Thesis, State University of New York at Binghamton, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3630859.

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Problem: Medical and nursing literature poorly identify primary care providers' (PCP) relationship to care coordination (CC). Primary care providers' education, experience, and perspective, contribute to: (a) assessments of patient's care coordination needs, and (b) variability in behavior to address needs. Dissimilar approaches to CC by PCPs affect work relationships and office flow.

Purpose: To pre-pilot a new tool describing PCPs' knowledge, perception, and behavior regarding CC. Methods: Primary care physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants were surveyed.

Analysis: Frequencies and percentages provided sample characteristics. Descriptive statistics analyzed provider responses within and between groups. Narratives were analyzed for themes. Tool refinement is suggested however, the tool does describe PCPs and CC activities.

Significance: A tool was developed to evaluate areas of CC activity performed by PCPs. Information from surveys of PCPs can illuminate behaviors that lead to improved work flow, efficiency, and patient outcomes. Doctors of Nursing Practice who are PCPs contribute to primary care CC through leadership, experience, and descriptive evidence.

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Foskett-Tharby, Rachel Christine. "Coordination of primary health care." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/coordination-of-primary-health-care(987d5002-cf2f-4ece-8f53-f89ea2127e1e).html.

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Background: Improving coordination of care is a major challenge for health systems internationally. Tools are required to evaluate alternative approaches to improve coordination from the patient perspective. This study aimed to develop and validate a new measure of coordination for use in a primary care setting. Methods: Four methods were used. Firstly, a concept analysis was undertaken to identify the essential attributes of coordination drawing upon literature from health and organisational studies and to establish its boundaries with related concepts such as continuity of care, integration and patient centred care. Secondly, existing measures of coordination were reviewed to assess the extent to which item content reflected the definition arising from the concept analysis and to appraise psychometric properties. Thirdly, a new instrument, the Care Coordination Questionnaire (CCQ), was developed utilising items from existing questionnaires and others developed following focus groups with 30 patients. Ten cognitive interviews were used to evaluate the items generated. Finally, the CCQ was administered in a cross sectional survey to 980 patients. Item and model analyses were performed. Test-retest reliability was evaluated through a second administration of the CCQ after two weeks. Concurrent validity was evaluated through correlation with the Client Perceptions of Coordination Questionnaire (CPCQ). Construct validity was evaluated through correlation with responses to a global coordination item and a satisfaction scale and the testing of two a prior hypotheses: i) coordination scores would decrease with increasing numbers of providers and ii) coordination scores would decrease with increasing numbers of long-term conditions. Results: The concept analysis suggested that coordination should be considered as a process for the organisation of patient care characterised by: purposeful activity, information exchange, knowledge of roles and responsibilities, and responsiveness to change. The systematic review identified 5 existing measures of coordination and a further 10 measures which incorporated a coordination subscale. Only one demonstrated conceptual coverage but had poor psychometric properties. A new instrument was therefore developed and tested as described above. 299 completed surveys were returned. Respondents were predominantly elderly and of white ethnicity; approximately half were female. Five items were deleted following item analyses. Model analysis suggested a four factor two-level model of coordination comprising of 18 items. This correlated well with the CPCQ, the global coordination item and satisfaction scale. The a priori hypotheses were upheld. Retest reliability was acceptable at the patient group level. Conclusions: The CCQ has demonstrated good psychometric characteristics in terms of item responses, reliability and construct validity. Further exploration of these properties is required in a larger, more diverse sample before it can be recommended for widespread use, but it shows potential utility in the evaluation of different approaches to coordinating care.
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Polaha, Jodi. "Integrating Behavioral Health Into Primary Care." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6648.

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Onwuliri, Michael O. "Primary health care management in Nigeria." Thesis, Aston University, 1987. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12207/.

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This research sets out to assess if the PHC system in rural Nigeria is effective by testing the research hypothesis: 'PHC can be effective if and only if the Health Care Delivery System matches the attitudes and expectations of the Community'. The field surveys to accomplish this task were carried out in IBO, YORUBA, and HAUSA rural communities. A variety of techniques have been used as Research Methodology and these include questionnaires, interviews and personal observations of events in the rural community. This thesis embraces three main parts. Part I traces the socio-cultural aspects of PHC in rural Nigeria, describes PHC management activities in Nigeria and the practical problems inherent in the system. Part II describes various theoretical and practical research techniques used for the study and concentrates on the field work programme, data analysis and the research hypothesis-testing. Part III focusses on general strategies to improve PHC system in Nigeria to make it more effective. The research contributions to knowledge and the summary of main conclusions of the study are highlighted in this part also. Based on testing and exploring the research hypothesis as stated above, some conclusions have been arrived at, which suggested that PHC in rural Nigeria is ineffective as revealed in people's low opinions of the system and dissatisfaction with PHC services. Many people had expressed the view that they could not obtain health care services in time, at a cost they could afford and in a manner acceptable to them. Following the conclusions, some alternative ways to implement PHC programmes in rural Nigeria have been put forward to improve and make the Nigerian PHC system more effective.
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Books on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

1

Chizema, Givie. Disparities in the supply and consumption of primary health care: Evidence from the rural districts in Zimbabwe. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern Africa, 1996.

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Bryar, Rosamund. Aspects of primary health care in Malawi,Tanzania and Zimbabwe: Report of aSmith and Nephew/Florence Nightingale study scholarship (1989). Swansea: School of Social Studies,University College of Swansea, 1990.

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Social Democratic Party. Working Party on Health and Personal Social Services. Primary health care. London: SDP, 1986.

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Bergerhoff, Petra, Dieter Lehmann, and Peter Novak, eds. Primary Health Care. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83240-6.

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Greenhalgh, Trisha, ed. Primary Health Care. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470691779.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Social Services Committee. Primary health care. London: H.M.S.O., 1986.

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Primary care mental health. London: RCPsych Publications, 2009.

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Save the Children (U.S.), ed. Sustaining primary health care. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.

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Cohen, Alan. Primary care mental health. Edited by Hill Alison. London: Emap Public Sector Management, 2000.

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Tanzania. Primary health care strategy. [Dar es Salaam]: Govt. of the United Republic of Tanzania, Ministry of Health, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

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Ciotti, Emanuele, Daniele Irmici, and Marco Menchetti. "Primary Care." In Health and Gender, 269–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15038-9_28.

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Baggott, Rob. "Primary Health Care." In Health and Health Care in Britain, 245–74. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-11638-3_10.

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Baggott, Rob. "Primary Health Care." In Health and Health Care in Britain, 210–27. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14492-1_9.

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Rogers, Anne, and David Pilgrim. "Primary Care." In Mental Health Policy in Britain, 143–56. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03963-7_8.

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Knowles, Ann-Marie, Vaithehy Shanmugam, and Ross Lorimer. "Primary Health Care." In Social Psychology in Sport and Exercise, 169–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-30629-6_9.

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Laverack, Glenn. "Primary Health Care." In A–Z of Health Promotion, 163–64. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-35049-7_62.

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Jefferys, Margot. "Primary health care." In Interprofessional issues in community and primary health care, 185–201. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13236-2_10.

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Salter, Brian. "Primary Health Care." In The Politics of Change in the Health Service, 75–97. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26224-3_5.

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Purves, Geoffrey. "Primary Health Care." In Metric Handbook, 603–21. Sixth edition. | New York: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315230726-33.

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Binder, James. "Mental Health." In Primary Care Interviewing, 167–79. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7224-7_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

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Wang, Na, and Jinguo Wang. "How to Improve Primary Health Care and the Meaning of Primary Health Care." In 2016 International Conference on Education, Management Science and Economics. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemse-16.2016.70.

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Garcia, Saulo Jose Argenta, Rubia Alves da Luz Santos, Priscila Sousa de Avelar, Renato Zaniboni, and Renato Garcia. "Health care technology management applied to public primary care health." In 2011 Pan American Health Care Exchanges (PAHCE 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pahce.2011.5871898.

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Manning, Garth, Frank van Dijk, and Peter Buijs. "1701 Scaling up workers’ health coverage through primary health care." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1186.

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Iluyemi, A., and R. E. Croucher. "E-health as an appropriate technology in primary health care." In 4th IET Seminar on Appropriate Healthcare Technologies for Developing Countries. IET, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2006.0665.

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Azzam, Nawras. "54 Primary health care education and antibiotics overuse." In Preventing Overdiagnosis, Abstracts, August 2018, Copenhagen. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2018-111070.54.

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Intolo, S., and W. Sritanyarat. "DEVELOPMENT OF STROKE PREVENTIVE CARE MODEL FOR OLDER PERSONS IN A PRIMARY CARE CONTEXT." In International Conference on Public Health. The International Institute of Knowledge Management (TIIKM), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/icoph.2017.3112.

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"Health Policy Reform Poor Rural Primary Health Care Delivery in Australia." In 2018 International Conference on Education, Psychology, and Management Science. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icepms.2018.175.

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"IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PRIMARY CARE DATA WITH INTEROPERABLE STANDARDS." In International Conference on Health Informatics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003119704460450.

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Machmud, Rizanda, and Dien Gusta Anggraini Nursal. "Patient Safety Dimension in Primary Health Care Padang City." In 1st Public Health International Conference (PHICo 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/phico-16.2017.25.

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Moraes, Eduardo, Kellyton Brito, and Silvio Meira. "CompoPHC: An ontology-based component for primary health care." In 2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on Information Reuse & Integration (IRI). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iri.2012.6303063.

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Reports on the topic "Primary health care – Zimbabwe"

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Baker, Timothy. Oregon Primary Care Physicians' Support for Health Care Reform. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6635.

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Baker, Robin. Primary Care and Mental Health Integration in Coordinated Care Organizations. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5508.

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Basinga, Paulin, Paul Gertler, Agnes Binagwaho, Agnes Soucat, Jennifer Sturdy, and Christel Vermeersch. Paying Primary Health Care Centers for Performance in Rwanda. Unknown, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii202.

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Thieschafer, Cheryl L. Definition of Roles and Responsibilities of Health Care Team Members in a Population-Based Model of Primary Health Care Delivery. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372084.

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Bradley, Cathy, David Neumark, and Lauryn Saxe Walker. The Effect of Primary Care Visits on Health Care Utilization: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24100.

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Abrams, Melinda Abrams, Mollyann Brodie Brodie, Jamie Ryan Ryan, Michelle Doty Doty, Liz Hamel Hamel, and Mira Norton Norton. Primary Care Providers' Views of Recent Trends in Health Care Delivery and Payment:Findings from the Commonwealth Fund/Kaiser Family Foundation 2015 National Survey of Primary Care Providers. New York, NY United States: Commonwealth Fund, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.25044.

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Jigjidsuren, Altantuya, Bayar Oyun, and Najibullah Habib. Supporting Primary Health Care in Mongolia: Experiences, Lessons Learned, and Future Directions. Asian Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps210020-2.

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ince the early 1990s, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has broadly supported health sector reforms in Mongolia. This paper describes primary health care (PHC) in Mongolia and ADB support in its reform. It highlights results achieved and the lessons drawn that could be useful for future programs in Mongolia and other countries. PHC reform in Mongolia aimed at facilitating a shift from hospital-based curative services toward preventive approaches. It included introducing new management models based on public–private partnerships, increasing the range of services, applying more effective financing methods, building human resources, and creating better infrastructure. The paper outlines remaining challenges and future directions for ADB support to PHC reform in the country.
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Kelley, Susan D., Leonard Bickman, and Stephanie Boyd. Improving Deployment-Related Primary Care Provider Assessments of PTSD and Mental Health Conditions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612362.

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Kelley, Susan D., Leonard Bickman, Stephanie Boyd, Ryan Hargraves, and Melanie Leslie. Improving Deployment-Related Primary Care Provider Assessments of PTSD and Mental Health Conditions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612979.

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Childress, Cynthia Y. Bennett Health Clinic: Increasing Continuity With Primary Care Managers Through Modified Advanced Access. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420876.

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