Dissertations / Theses: 'Primary measures'

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Walker, Trevor Charles. "Leading primary schools through and beyond special measures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020516/.

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The status of special measures has been an outcome of school inspection for more than a decade. This study contributes to understanding the leading of primary schools through and beyond that outcome. Through self-perception, headteachers examine the relationship and interplay between their leadership and their schools' cultures. The study focuses on the agency of leadership through a process of change, so generating propositional ideas that extend the current theoretical framework. Two cultural typologies are identified that are specifically associated with this status. One is encountered at the outset of the journey of special measures and represents the root of the predicament. The other represents the cultural territory of schools that have moved beyond special measures. The study finds special measures to be an episodic journey of change. So doing it identifies three distinctive phases (the last divided into sub-phases representing an increasing complexity). In each the theme of culture and leadership is explored through the application of a conceptual model. These are configured to demonstrate the necessary dynamic for the formulation and transformation of schools' cultures. The differing and adaptive manifestations of phase-specific leadership are respectively described as: leading through cultural dissonance, leading counter-culturally, and leading through cultural congruence. The literature review identifies three conceptual orientations of leadership, each accordingly being related to special measures. These are technical-rational, transformational and critical forms of leadership. Each is seen as making a contribution at some point and to some degree through the course of the journey. The study, moreover, presents a conceptualisation of headship based on school context and circumstance - style, approach and theoretical positioning. This formulation emphasises the appropriateness of the leadership practice offered at given moments. However, the overall success of moving beyond special measures lies in each school's capacity for journeying through the phases to a position of cultural congruence.

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2

Olaisen, R. Henry. "Developing and Assessing Measures of Primary Care in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1523036135517028.

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3

Mukiapini, Shapi. "Baseline measures of Primary Health Care Team functioning and overall Primary Health Care performance at Du Noon Community Health Centre." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24504.

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Background: The importance of effective team work for improving quality of care has been demonstrated consistently in research. We conducted a baseline measure of team effectiveness and a baseline measure of primary health care performance. Aim: To improve Primary health care team effectiveness and ultimately the quality and user experience of primary care at Du Noon Community Health Centre. (CHC) Setting: Du Noon CHC in the southern/western substructure of the Cape Town Metro district services. Methods: A cross sectional study using a combination of Nominal Group Technique (NGT) method and a questionnaire survey to assess PHC team effectiveness and to obtain baseline measure for Primary Health Care (PHC) organization and performance. Results: Data from 20 providers from the primary health care team, showed that the PHC team members perceived their team as a well functioning team (70% agreement on the 7 items of the PHC team assessment tool, incorporated in the ZA PCAT. The NGT method reveals that communication and leadership are the main challenges to effective team functioning, The NGT also provides ideas on how to deal with these challenges. Data from 110 users and 12 providers using the ZA PCAT: 18.2% of users rated first contact-access as acceptable to good; 47,3% rated ongoing care as acceptable to good. The remaining subdomains of the ZA PCAT were rated as acceptable to good by at least 65% of the users. 33% of the providers (doctors and clinical nurse practitioners) rated first contact-access as acceptable to good; 25% rated ongoing care as acceptable to good, the remaining subdomains of the ZA PCAT were rated as acceptable to good by at least 50% of providers. First contact-access received the lowest acceptable to good score (18.2%) and comprehensiveness (service available) received the highest score (88.2%) from the users. For the providers the lowest acceptable to good score was for ongoing care (25%) and the highest acceptable to good score was for primary health care team (100%). The total primary scores are good (above 60%) for both users and providers but moderately higher for the providers. Conclusions: How teams perceive their effectiveness can motivate them to generate ideas for improvement. There were discrepancies between ZA PCAT (PHC team functioning) results and the NGT method results. The ZA PCAT (8 pre-existing domains) baseline results show a contrast between providers' and users' perceptions of the PHC system at Du Noon consistent with the finding of the Western Cape ZA PCAT study. We encourage Du Noon CHC to use these results to improve the user experience of primary health care services there.

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Pandelova, Marchela Edvart. "Emissions minimization of chlorinated micropollutants in coal solid waste co-combustion by primary measures." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974171158.

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Freeman, Charles David. "An Analysis of Preschool Enrollment and Student Progress Measures among Primary and Elementary Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1746.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if a difference in Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) scores exists between students who attended Tennessee's Voluntary Preschool for All program, Head Start, private preschool, or daycare and those who did not attend any type of preschool program for students in grades kindergarten through fifth. The sample consisted of students who attended kindergarten through fifth grade during the 2009-2010 school year in one east Tennessee school system. Data gathered were from Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) scores obtained during the 2009-2010 school year and a survey. A two-way analysis of variance was used to identify any relationship between variables. The investigation of the comparison between the type of preschool attended or no preschool and DIBELS scores will provide information to parents considering enrolling a child in one of the many state funded preschools, daycare, or preparing their child at home. The data will also assist with the implementation of new preschool programs and the improvement of existing programs within the public school setting. Results of this study will be of immediate interest to preschool programs in the surveyed school system. Other school systems interested in the efficacy of preschool education for increasing student achievement will benefit from the information as well. Statistical analyses were conducted for DIBELS scores in Letter Naming Fluency (LNF), Phoneme Segmentation Fluency (PSF), and Nonsense Word Fluency for kindergarten students. Statistical analyses were conducted for DIBELS scores in Phoneme Segmentation Fluency (PSF), Nonsense Word Fluency, Oral Reading Fluency (ORF), and Retell Fluency (RF) for first grade students. Statistical analyses were conducted for DIBELS scores Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) and Retelling Fluency (RF) for grades 3, 4, and 5. The results of this study did not support a significant difference among DIBELS scores and the type of preschool experience and gender for students enrolled in Hamblen County schools. The results did support a significant main effect for type of preschool for students enrolled in Hamblen County schools. Students who attended private preschool scored better than students who attended the state program, Head Start, daycare, or did not attend a preschool.

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Henninger, Matthew W., and Andrea D. Clements. "Identifying Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of Three Measures for Implementation in Primary Care Settings." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7221.

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7

Strydom, Willemien. "Leadership development of Heads of Department in public primary schools." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80523.

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It is well known that leadership plays a key role in the overall success of school and learner achievement. Therefore, this multiple case study investigates what developmental programmes and training opportunities are in place to prepare HoDs to meet the demands of a formal leadership position. How these programmes are perceived by HoDs s also be outlined and analysed. The importance of the role that HoDs fulfil in schools is explored, as well as the importance of investing in their leadership development through formal and informal leadership developmental programmes. This qualitative study used interview data obtained from eight purposefully sampled recently appointed Heads of Department (HoDs) in public primary schools in Pretoria. This study outlined the importance of middle managers, such as HoDs and what measures need to be taken into account to ensure they are adequately prepared to meet expectations.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria 2020.
Education Management and Policy Studies
MEd
Unrestricted

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8

Thomas, Ruth. "Test of a Smock System on CPR Primary Emergency Measures and Medical Errors During Simulated Emergencies." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/759.

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Rates of survival of victims of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) using cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have shown little improvement over the past three decades. Since registered nurses (RNs) comprise the largest group of healthcare providers in U.S. hospitals, it is essential that they are competent in performing the four primary measures (compression, ventilation, medication administration, and defibrillation) of CPR in order to improve survival rates of SCA patients. The purpose of this experimental study was to test a color-coded SMOCK system on:1) time to implement emergency patient care measures 2) technical skills performance 3) number of medical errors, and 4) team performance during simulated CPR exercises. The study sample was 260 RNs (M 40 years, SD=11.6) with work experience as an RN (M 7.25 years, SD=9.42).Nurses were allocated to a control or intervention arm consisting of 20 groups of 5-8 RNs per arm for a total of 130 RNs in each arm. Nurses in each study arm were given clinical scenarios requiring emergency CPR. Nurses in the intervention group wore different color labeled aprons (smocks) indicating their role assignment (medications, ventilation, compression, defibrillation, etc) on the code team during CPR. Findings indicated that the intervention using color-labeled smocks for pre-assigned roles had a significant effect on the time nurses started compressions (t=3.03, p=0.005), ventilations (t=2.86, p=0.004) and defibrillations (t=2.00, p=.05) when compared to the controls using the standard of care. In performing technical skills, nurses in the intervention groups performed compressions and ventilations significantly better than those in the control groups. The control groups made significantly (t=-2.61, p=0.013) more total errors (7.55 SD 1.54) than the intervention group (5.60, SD 1.90). There were no significant differences in team performance measures between the groups. Study findings indicate use of colored labeled smocks during CPR emergencies resulted in: shorter times to start emergency CPR; reduced errors; more technical skills completed successfully; and no differences in team performance.

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Roberts, Kathy Patrice. "The effects of primary disability types on handicapped persons utilizing rehabilitation services: measures of client satisfaction." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2509.

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The primary purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which clients were satisfied with rehabilitation counseling services. A secondary purpose was to determine if primary disability types such as psychotic disorders, mental and emotional disturbance and mental retardation, borderline (IQ range 70 to 85) influenced the degree to which clients expressed satisfaction with services rendered. The study was conducted in Atlanta, Georgia. Data were obtained from former clients of the XYZ rehabilitation center. Data on 83 former clients who received rehabilitation counseling at XYZ rehabilitation center in fiscal years 1983, 1984 and 1985, were used in this study. Frequency Analysis, Measures of Central Tendency and Variability were used for statistical purposes. Results of the study revealed that, overall, XYZ clients expressed satisfaction with services rendered. In addition, results also indicated that of the three primary disability groups, overall, the mentally retarded, borderline group indicated being most highly satisfied with center services followed by the mental and emotional group and then the psychotic disorder group. Furthermore, the study revealed that primary disability types had no effect on the clients’ expressed satisfaction with rehabilitation services.

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10

Glaser, Margaret Kane. "A Comparison of Primary and Secondary Psychopathy in the Prediction of Explicit and Implicit Measures of Empathy." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375127938.

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11

Fawkes, Carol. "The development, evaluation, and initial implementation of a national programme for the use and collation of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in osteopathic back pain services in the UK." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/29606.

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Introduction The use of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) to measure the effects of care is being advocated increasingly in clinical settings. Current patient data capture involves completion of paper questionnaires which is costly and environmentally perplexing. New innovations are required to balance the challenges of introducing data capture directly from patients while considering budgets, access to Information Technology, and the capability to use technological devices. Methods Two qualitative studies were undertaken to identify the views of patients and clinicians concerning electronic PROM data capture in osteopathic practice. One qualitative study involved patient interviews to identify their views on a selection of specific PROMs. Clinician focus groups and interviews (osteopaths, chiropractors, and physiotherapists) were undertaken concerning their views and experiences of using PROMs. Scoping of PROMs in musculoskeletal practice was undertaken followed by a systematic review of one identified PROM. The review and qualitative work informed the development of content for a mobile and web app for capturing PROM data. The app was piloted to evaluate feasibility, and the clinimetric performance of the included PROMs. Feedback from the pilot informed revisions to the app prior to implementation into osteopathic practice. Results Clinicians (n=46) identified a range of barriers and facilitators to PROM use. Patients (n=22) while generally more enthusiastic than clinicians welcomed the opportunity to provide feedback and although undaunted by the use of technology highlighted the need for assurances concerning confidentiality of data, and limits on data sharing. The systematic review identified good measurement properties for the Bournemouth (BQ). Piloting of the app involved 257 participants contributing 404 data returns: it performed well requiring minimal revision prior to implementation. Conclusions The app performed well demonstrating great potential for further development to collect outcome data in a musculoskeletal clinical setting.

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Lambrechts, Andre Albertus. "The efficacy of sanitation on microbiological hazards in ready-to-eat food outlets from selected primary manufacturers in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/779.

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Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Environmental Health in the Faculty of Applied Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011
The retail sector in South Africa is increasingly evolving into a dynamic industry, driven by changes in technology, saturating markets and globalisation. A major phenomenon in South Africa has been the evolution of hypermarkets, which sell large quantities of almost all consumer goods on a self-service basis. The South African consumers are becoming increasingly health conscious and, as such, the demand for wellness foods, health and convenience food has escalated. Convenience foods are expected to remain popular with consumers and supermarkets and will therefore increase the amount of ready-to-eat food items offered. As the retail industry has changed over the last two decades, so has the epidemiology of foodborne illnesses, with an increase in the incidence of bacterial infections caused by emerging organisms. In addition, there are certain food safety issues specifically associated with ready-to-eat foods. In recent years, incidences of enteric diseases associated with meat consumption have risen. The emergence of several new foodborne diseases has led to an increased focus attention on the issue of food safety by consumers and the industry. The most commonly implicated foods in these disease outbreaks have been meat and dairy products. The microbial load of eight convenience food manufacturing plants was determined by firstly sampling stainless steel food contact surfaces after they had been cleaned and sanitised at the end of a day‘s shift. The samples were analysed for Total Plate Count (TPC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella species and Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria. The results showed that 59 % of the total areas sampled for TPC failed to comply with the legal requirements for food surfaces specified in the South African Health Act (< 100 cfu.cm-2). Listeria was detected in 23 % of the samples taken and E.coli was found in 1.3 % of the samples, while S. aureus was not detected in any of the samples. Fifty percent of the plants applied conventional cleaning methods for cleaning and sanitation and the remaining 50 % used the low-pressure foam (LPF) method. The bacterial results of the two cleaning methods were statistically compared and a statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) was found between the TPC means of the cleaning methods after cleaning. No statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) was found in terms of the Listeria species counts after both cleaning processes. The LPF method proved to be the superior cleaning option for reducing TPC counts. Secondly surface samples were collected from washed and sanitised dominant hands of food handlers and analysed for the presence of total plate counts, S. aureus and E. coli. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hand washing practices and sanitation before commencing work. A total of 230 samples were collected, involving 100 % of the food handlers in selected convenience food outlets. The highest bacterial count taken from handswas 7.4 x 10-3 cfu.cm-2 and the lowest showed no detectable growth. Forty percent of the TPC analysed complied with the legal limit of < 100 cfu.cm-2 and only 18 % of the food handlers had no detectable bacteria present on their hands. One hand sample tested positive for E. coli, which is generally viewed as an indication of faecal contamination. S. aureus could not be detected on the hands of any of the food handlers. The results of this study indicated that hand hygiene is unsatisfactory and underlined the importance of further training to improve food handlers‘ knowledge of good hand washing practices. The study also aimed to present data on the food hygiene knowledge and practices of food handlers based on a representative sample from convenience food outlets in the Gauteng area. The management, as well as food handlers, were interviewed without prior announcement and managers were interviewed prior to starting their shifts, followed by food handlers, after they had passed through the change room and hand wash facilities. Although the majority of food handlers adhered to basic hygiene principles, the results highlighted a need for proper and continuous training in hygiene practices, not only for food handlers, but also for management. Furthermore, all food handlers should adhere to a formal cleaning schedule and specific courses should be planned for food handlers. Most training is done away from the workplace and the workers might find it difficult to translate theory into practice. Although food safety training programmes are essential, behavioural changes will not occur merely as a result of having received training but rather continuous development of food handlers. In conclusion, the popularity of convenience food is bound to increase with the growing appeal for modern foods. Consumers in South Africa nowadays demand good quality and safe products at a reasonable cost. Due to continuous time constraints, convenience food is the food of the future for the working mother. It is clear that managing foodborne disease is a challenge and an economic problem subject to various constraints. Food safety has too often become a hit-or-miss gamble, with parents obliged to roll the dice when it comes to the safety of their children‘s food and consumers in general. The food industry therefore needs to improve food safety processes to prevent the contamination of foods and use methods to ensure safe food for consumers. Better training, more testing and better methods of tracking food must be utilised to verify that the processes are working. This study endeavoured to add to the understanding and improvement of hygiene processes as well as food handlers‘ practices in the convenience food industry in the Gauteng Province.

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Thomas, George. "Evaluating the impact of the 'Paws .b' mindfulness programme on mainstream Primary School aged pupils' suppressing and sustaining attention skills, and their academic proxy measures." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/evaluating-the-impact-of-the-paws-b-mindfulness-programme-on-mainstream-primary-school-aged-pupils-suppressing-and-sustaining-attention-skills-and-their-academic-proxy-measures(1712d5dd-3e0d-4ce7-bcb0-66026081b98f).html.

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Few studies have evaluated the impact of mindfulness programmes on aspects of positive functioning amongst mainstream children and problems in design, sample size, and measurement are commonplace. The present study sought to address this and rigorously evaluate the impact of a 6-hour manualised mindfulness programme called 'Paws .b' on mainstream Primary School aged pupils' suppressing and sustaining attention skills, and their academic proxy measures. Two classes of Year-4 pupils (n = 30), their class teachers (n = 3), and a mindfulnessteacher (n = 1) were recruited from a mixed comprehensive Primary School. A quasi-mixed methods Randomised Control Trial (RCT) design with a quasi-experimentalintervention cross-lag was used. There were four data collection time-points 6- to 8-weeks apart. Pupils and class teachers were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the waitlist control group. Experimental pupils received a 1-hour Paws .b lesson per week for 6-weeks between baseline and Time-1; waitlist control pupils received Paws .b between Time-1 and Time-2. The remaining time-points acted as the 6- to 8-week and 14-week follow-ups. Quantitative data were gathered using teacher-reported and standardised attention measures, and teacher-reported academic proxy measures. Qualitative data were gathered using post-intervention pupil focus groups (FGs) and teacher semi-structured interviews. Within-condition comparisons revealed several significant pre- vs. post-intervention effects within the attention measures, the majority of which were maintained at one or both of the follow-ups, whereby several large estimated effect sizes were noted. Between-condition comparisons revealed a number of significant partial condition × time-point interactions within the attention measures. However, no significant effects were noted within the academic proxy measures. Positive and critically constructive evaluative themes were identified within the qualitative data. Findings were discussed relative to mindfulness and attention literature, and further implications for school implementation and future research were outlined.

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Thacker, Lauren E. "Relationship-Based Care: Primary Nursing as a Practice and Outcomes to Evaluate Effectiveness." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397642758.

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Esposito, Francesca. "Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on body composition and other anthropometric measures of HIV-infected women in a primary healthcare setting in KwaZulu-Natal : a pilot study." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1886.

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Rezene, Sem, and Tavga Taha. "Omvårdnadsåtgärder relaterad till diabetesfotsår : Av sjuksköterskor i primärvården." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-4072.

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Bakgrund: Diabetesfotsår är en av många komplikationer relaterade till diabetes mellitus typ I och II. Diabetesfotsår bidrar till en lägre livskvalité och funktionsnivå för individen samt medför höga vårdkostnader för samhället. Sjuksköterskan i primärvården har en central roll vid omvårdnad av denna patientgrupp. Primärvården fungerar som en första instans där initiala omvårdnadsåtgärder genomförs, dels som prevention men också i syfte att behandla. Syftet: Var att belysa sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder relaterat till diabetesfotsår i primärvården. Metod: Litteraturstudien utfördes utifrån niostegsmodellen med en tematisk analys. Studier med kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats inkluderades. Resultat: Ett huvudtema kunde identifieras, patientutbildning och egenvård, samt tre subteman. Resultatet visade att patientutbildning är en effektiv metod för att förbättra patientens egenvård relaterat till diabetesfotsår. Fler än tre utbildningstillfällen för patienter visades ge bäst resultat på egenvård. Adekvat egenvård minskar risken för diabetesfotsår. Slutsats: Patientutbildning är den omvårdnadsåtgärd sjuksköterskan i primärvården kan erbjuda patienten. Patientutbildning har som syfte att förbättra egenvården.
Background: Diabetic foot ulcers is one of many complications related to diabetes mellitus type I and II. Diabetic foot ulcers cause lower quality of life and disability for the individual, the healthcare cost is also significant for the society. Nurses in primary health care have a central role in the nursing in this group of patients. Aim: Bring light to nursing care measures related to the diabetic foot ulcer in a primary care setting. Method: The literature review was made with the “Nine step model” with a thematic analysis. Studies with both a quantitative and qualitative approaches were included. Results: One main theme could be identified, patient education and self-care, as well as three sub themes. The result indicate that patient education is an effective method for improving self-care related to diabetic foot ulcers. More than three occasions of education for patientsgave the best results on self-care. Adequate self-care lowers the risk of diabetic foot ulcers. Conclusion: Patient education is the nursing care measure that nurses in primary care can offer patients. Patient education has the purpose of improving self-care.

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Murungi, Lucyline Nkatha. "The significance of article 24(2) of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities for the right to primary education of children with disabilities: a comparative study of Kenya and South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8452_1382534032.

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The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is the latest human rights treaty at the UN level. The process leading to the adoption called attention to the plight of persons with disabilities, and redefined approaches to issues of disability. Fundamentally, the CRPD embodies a paradigm shift in thinking about disability. It embraces the social model of disability, in terms of which disability is a function of the interaction between a person with impairment and his or her environment as opposed to an inherent limitation of functioning. The social model is, in turn, anchored in a human rights approach to disability. No doubt, the adoption of the CRPD triggered immense optimism for the realization of the rights of persons with disabilities. One of the rights recognised under the CRPD is the right to education. Article 24(1) of the CRPD recognises the right of persons with disabilities to education and sets out the aims of such education. Article 24(2) sets out a number of principles to guide the implementation of the right. These include: non-exclusion from the general education system including non-exclusion of children with disabilities from free and compulsory primary education
access to inclusive quality and free primary education on an equal basis with other children in the communities in which children with disabilities live
reasonable accommodation of a student&rsquo
s needs
provision of support necessary to facilitate effective education
and provision of individualised support measures in environments that maximise academic and social development of the students with disabilities. It is generally accepted that the right to education is one of the most essential rights, particularly in light of its empowerment function that helps to facilitate the exercise of other rights. The primary level of education has particularly attained global recognition and priority in resource allocation and implementation. Primary education contributes significantly to the maximum development of the full human potential of children. There are therefore differentiated obligations for the right to primary education in international human rights. Nevertheless, there are still significant barriers to access to primary education, particularly in the African region. While children with disabilities have been excluded from education for a long time the world over, their exclusion in the African context is particularly endemic. The core purpose of this thesis is to determine how article 24(2) of the CRPD affects or is likely to affect primary education of children with disabilities, particularly in the context of developing countries. The focus of the enquiry is mainly the law and policy in this regard. The subject spans three main spheres of rights: children&rsquo
s rights, socioeconomic rights (particularly the right to education), and finally disability rights. Children&rsquo
s rights, especially since the adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), are generally accepted. The right to education also has a long standing history, and whereas debate regarding the appropriate approaches to its implementation still abides, there is apparent normative and jurisprudential consensus on some aspects thereof, particularly at the primary education level. It is essential to determine the relational framework of these spheres with the disability rights established under the CRPD. The thesis finds that the CRPD does in fact redefine the parameters of the right to education as previously understood in international human rights instruments. Particularly, the expanded aims of education under article 24 call for education systems that recognise non-academic learning, such as the development of the talents or creativity of the learner. This provision is particularly significant to the child with disabilities. Also, while not establishing an entirely new right, the principles under article 24(2) establish actionable sub-entitlements that enhance the justiciability right to education for children with disabilities. However, it is apparent from the comparative studies that it is the implementation of these provisions that presents the greatest challenge for the realisation of primary education for children with disabilities. This suggests that whereas norm creation as under the CRPD may have the value of triggering and sustaining discourse on appropriate responses in the context of the education of children with disabilities, it is the translation of these norms into practical action points that is the determining factor for realization of the right.

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Powrie, Joy L. "A study of school stakeholder perceptions of the Safe Schools Programme of the Western Cape Education Department as implemented at a primary school in the Mitchell's Plain district." Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1895.

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Thesis (MTech (Education))--Peninsula Technikon, 2003
Teaching and Learning cannot take place in an unsafe environment. The school plays a central role in the socialisation of a child and it is critical that schools offer a safe environment in which learning can take place. This study attempts to investigate school stakeholder perceptions of the Safe Schools Programme of the WCED and its impact on the learning environment of one primary school in the Mitchell's Plain district. The study as a whole is set against the research literature on crime and violence in schools. The literature surveyed covered the following aspects: (I) What constitutes crime and violence in schools; (2) The effects of crime and violence on the school environment; and (3) Approaches to reducing crime and violence in schools. This research project is a case study of school stakeholder perceptions of the Safe Schools Programme of the WCED as implemented in one primary school. Qualitative research techniques were employed and data was collected by means of individual semi-structured interviews with the acting principal and the safety officer of the school. A focus group interview was held with a group of educators and support staff members. Learners were excluded from the study as the aim was to determine the perceived impact of the Safe Schools Programme on the learning environment at the school. Primary school learners may perhaps not be able to articulate their views on the issue under research. Parents were not included in this research process but could be a valuable source of data for future research.

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Ho, Kit-ching. "A brief discussion of the problems confronting Hong Kong primary school students in learning Putonghua and the remedial measures Lüe lun Xianggang xiao xue sheng xue xi Putonghua de kun nan ji dui ce /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41261252.

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Pearson, Sarah C. "Integrated Primary Care: Development of a Patient Satisfaction Measure." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1555338566176987.

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21

Foskett-Tharby, Rachel Christine. "Coordination of primary health care." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/coordination-of-primary-health-care(987d5002-cf2f-4ece-8f53-f89ea2127e1e).html.

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Background: Improving coordination of care is a major challenge for health systems internationally. Tools are required to evaluate alternative approaches to improve coordination from the patient perspective. This study aimed to develop and validate a new measure of coordination for use in a primary care setting. Methods: Four methods were used. Firstly, a concept analysis was undertaken to identify the essential attributes of coordination drawing upon literature from health and organisational studies and to establish its boundaries with related concepts such as continuity of care, integration and patient centred care. Secondly, existing measures of coordination were reviewed to assess the extent to which item content reflected the definition arising from the concept analysis and to appraise psychometric properties. Thirdly, a new instrument, the Care Coordination Questionnaire (CCQ), was developed utilising items from existing questionnaires and others developed following focus groups with 30 patients. Ten cognitive interviews were used to evaluate the items generated. Finally, the CCQ was administered in a cross sectional survey to 980 patients. Item and model analyses were performed. Test-retest reliability was evaluated through a second administration of the CCQ after two weeks. Concurrent validity was evaluated through correlation with the Client Perceptions of Coordination Questionnaire (CPCQ). Construct validity was evaluated through correlation with responses to a global coordination item and a satisfaction scale and the testing of two a prior hypotheses: i) coordination scores would decrease with increasing numbers of providers and ii) coordination scores would decrease with increasing numbers of long-term conditions. Results: The concept analysis suggested that coordination should be considered as a process for the organisation of patient care characterised by: purposeful activity, information exchange, knowledge of roles and responsibilities, and responsiveness to change. The systematic review identified 5 existing measures of coordination and a further 10 measures which incorporated a coordination subscale. Only one demonstrated conceptual coverage but had poor psychometric properties. A new instrument was therefore developed and tested as described above. 299 completed surveys were returned. Respondents were predominantly elderly and of white ethnicity; approximately half were female. Five items were deleted following item analyses. Model analysis suggested a four factor two-level model of coordination comprising of 18 items. This correlated well with the CPCQ, the global coordination item and satisfaction scale. The a priori hypotheses were upheld. Retest reliability was acceptable at the patient group level. Conclusions: The CCQ has demonstrated good psychometric characteristics in terms of item responses, reliability and construct validity. Further exploration of these properties is required in a larger, more diverse sample before it can be recommended for widespread use, but it shows potential utility in the evaluation of different approaches to coordinating care.

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Hammarström, Erik, and Christian Melander. "ÅVS, Trafikverket och steg 1-åtgärder : En studie i nationell planering för hållbar transport." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230744.

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The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the occurrence of Step 1 measures ofthe “four step principle” and the role of Strategic Choice of Measures (SCM) as it pertains tothe development of a sustainable transport system. The “four step principle” has been a partof Swedish transport planning for the last two decades with the purpose of modernising it. Byimplementing SCM the “four step principle” was supposed to take a central role in planning.SCM was supposed to offer an earlier and more open process to make strategic, nationaltransport planning more efficient and enable new perspectives in the process. However, newperspectives are few and far between and it is questionable how sustainable the measuressuggested in SCM processes actually are. The step-wise examination of the “four stepprinciple” seldom leads to suggestions where Step 1 measures are a considerable part, andit is even unclear what Step 1 actually is. Going beyond the SCM process it is questionable ifthe Measure data bank (Åtgärdsbanken), where all SCM-recommended measures aresupposed to be registered, works as a data and knowledge management database.This thesis steps in at that point.The goal of this report is to explain what Step 1 actuallyrepresents, how this is expressed in the SCM methodology and what the output of the SCMprocess is. By text analysis of documents from 150 SCM processes with possible Step 1measures an examination is made of what Step 1 represents and how Swedish TransportAdministration and other participants in SCM processes reach the measures suggested.What kind of so called primary Step 1 measures that are generated in the SCM process isalso within the scope of this report. In addition a more detailed investigation of patterns isperformed for SCM processes that generate primary Step 1 measures, pertaining to thedelimitation and actor setup in SCM:s. This is done in order to answer questions surroundingthe process of generating measures in SCM is concerned, and also to attempt to answer thecriticism that has been brought forth concerning the SCM process.The main conclusion of this report is that there are clear flaws in the SCM process. Theseshortcomings and flaws include difficulties in classifying measures, that particularly Step 1measures are packaged without individual effect evaluation, and that the process at largelacks the “rethink” perspective which the SCM process aims at. Looking at the primary Step1 measures generated, they are characterised as having a time scope connected to otherplanning processes, a limited, local geographical expanse, and as being multi-modal. Theresearch shows a contrast in that certain primary Step 1 measures occur at particulargeographical delimitations. Two common conditions for the generation of primary Step 1measures are the exclusion of Step 4 in the generation of measures, and packeting of Step1 measures for ease of handling. When investigating the SCM process the criticism that isbrought forth towards it shows signs of being legitimate. At the same time it is clear the theMeasure data bank does not function correctly as a data and knowledge management bankand improvements are needed for it to serve its intended purpose.Keywords: “four step principle”, Strategic Choice of Measures, sustainable transport,transport planning, Measure data bank, actor, Step 1, Primary Step 1 measure, instrument.

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Murphy, Catherine Mairead. "Development of a patient-reported outcome measure for primary care." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715821.

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Kubínek, Martin. "Návrh mlýnského okruhu kotle PK 4S v Teplárně Košice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232164.

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The aim of this thesis is the proposal of a coal mill system and a combustion chamber for the boiler PK 4S situated in Košice CHP station with regard to transition to the new fuel. This proposal is focused on the elimination of NOx emissions. The calculation is based on required parameters of the boiler and declared characteristic of the new fuel. The proposal of the coal mill system includes three roller mills working in closed circuit with direct blowing. One of the mills serves as a reserve in case of failure. Dimensions of the dry bottom combustion chamber are proposed considering the applied primary measures to reduce NOx emissions so that the temperature at the end of the furnace would not be higher than maximal allowed temperature 1200 °C.

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Bass, Catherine. "Comparability of the WPPSI-R and the Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500383/.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of children on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R) with their performance on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition (SB:FE). One hundred and four children between 3 and 7 years of age were administered both tests. A moderate correlation was found between the WPPSI-R Full Scale IQ and the SB:FE Composite Score with a Pearson product-moment correlation of .46. This correlation suggests that the two tests are not interchangeable measures of children's intelligence. They may measure different, equally important aspects of intelligence. As both tests used are relatively new, the current findings should be considered one step in the accumulation of knowledge about the usefulness of the WPPSI-R.

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Graham, Karen. "How can children's independence be promoted and measured in the primary classroom?" Thesis, Coventry University, 2003. http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/376/.

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This research set out to explore ways in which children’s independence can be promoted and measured in the primary classroom – to highlight strategies and skills that enable children to operate independently, and to identify tools that might be used to measure levels of independence. As an integral part of this process it was necessary to consider the role of both the teacher and child - to identify characteristics of more-independent and less-independent children, including attitude and motivation, and to undertake an analysis of classroom organization, teaching style and teacher-expectation and the implications of these upon the child. In order to answer my research questions I undertook an action research project, both ethnographic and naturalistic in nature, in my own classroom with myself acting as complete participant immersed in the production of grounded theory – theory that was particular to me and the children I was teaching but which may help to enlighten other teachers engaged in reflexive activity. Data collected was largely qualitative, but quantitative data was also used particularly towards the end of my research when I had a firmer idea of what I was looking at and for. This research identifies a typology related to the characteristics of children exhibiting varying degrees of independence. Within this typology there are children whom I have called Hiders, Seekers and Props – children who hide (or keep a low profile), children who seek out attention, help or reassurance, and children who manage themselves, their work and their environment, not overly reliant upon the help or reassurance of others, and perhaps offering assistance to others on occasion. The research, in identifying characteristics of more- and less-independent children, also seeks to clarify what is meant by independence. My definition of independence views it as a multi-dimensional state, the dimensions including physical, social, intellectual, organizational and attitudinal independence. Children may display varying degrees of independence in each of these dimensions – because they may be considered relatively independent in one dimension does not mean that they will necessarily be independent in another, they may be Hider as regards intellectual independence but a Prop organizationally. For some children, especially the Hiders, a first step towards independence may be in identifying appropriate moments to seek help, whereas for other children such as the Seekers it may be necessary to help them distinguish between when it is appropriate or inappropriate to seek help, and perhaps to channel a possible need for attention into supporting other children. Whilst it may not be possible (or desirable) to make children entirely independent, it is possible to teach them strategies that might increase their independence. In considering how to promote children’s independence, high teacher-expectations are crucial. Despite identifying the importance of high expectations of independence, however, teachers who responded to my questionnaire tended to give priority to the development of social, organizational and physical independence rather than intellectual independence regarding the latter as difficult to achieve within the constraints of the National Curriculum. This lower priority may feed lower expectations resulting in children being kept intellectually dependent upon the teachers responsible for their education. Another factor, however, is the current testing and reporting arrangements – the need to be seen to have done well in the eyes of the general public, and the erroneous impression that intellectual independence equates with lower standards. Of course, if children are not being spoon-fed the apparent standard of work may drop initially, but with a long-term view standards will increase because children will have the knowledge and skills to achieve away from the spoon. It is vital that we take this long-term view. This thesis includes a range of practical recommendations for other teachers interested in promoting children’s independence.

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Legault, Lyne. "Effectiveness of an early intervention and its predictive measures." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23652/23652.pdf.

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Houser, Shelley A. PhD. "Key Steps to Reading Success: Measuring the Impact of Participation in a Family/School Literacy Partnership Program on the Foundational Literacy Skills of Kindergarteners." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1512046619521825.

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Pawlitko, David. "Návrh mlýnice s kroužkovými mlýny s recirkulací spalin a bez recirkulace spalin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232168.

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This master’s thesis deals with the issue of recirculating of flue-gas of pulverized coal-fired boiler. Part of the thesis are thermal calculations of mills for operational status with and without flue-gas recirculation and design of routes of recirculated flue-gas into the mills at the level of feasibility study.

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Tangen, Donna Jean. "A contextual measure of teacher efficacy for teaching primary school students who have ESL." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16514/.

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The current research utilised a modified cyclical model of tracking teachers' efficacy beliefs from their source through to their implementation in teaching strategies. Key inclusions to the model were four factors (personal efficacy, teaching efficacy, classroom management efficacy and outcome efficacy) of teacher efficacy and four contextual considerations (culture load, learning load, language load and cognitive load) in relation to teaching students who have ESL. Data were collected through three studies, ultilising both qualitative methodologies (focus groups, hypothetical teaching scenarios) and a quantitative methodology (researcher-generated survey). Results revealed a two-factor model of teacher efficacy (not a four-factor model) with the two factors being personal efficacy (general teaching abilities) and teaching efficacy (overcoming environmental factors such as home life). Culture load and language load were significant contextual considerations given to teaching students who have ESL. Results of the research suggested that specific teacher training needs to focus on how to adapt curriculum to meet the needs of a diverse group of learners, emphasising in particular why chosen strategies should be used. More training is needed which involves learning how to include parents and other community members as valuable resources in the learning processes of the classroom.

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Innes, Michael Anthony. "Determining the process of telephone consultations in primary care: development of a standard measure for the process of telephone consultations in primary care." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487506.

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AIM To develop and validate a method of measuring elements ofthe process of telephone consultations in primary care. BACKGROUND There is an unrecognised confusion about telephone consultations in healthcare. There is virtually no research that has considered the difference between consulting on the telephone and consulting face-to-face. Work on face-to-face consultations points the way forward, suggesting the need to develop a tool to measure process in telephone consultations. METHODS Qualitative approaches were used: a narrative analysis ofextant instruments for face-to-face consultations and Discourse Analysis for the telephone consultations. Using this combined knowledge, a new instrument was designed. Brief reliability testing was undertaken. RESULTS There were no instruments for face-to-face consulting that were sufficient for use with telephone consultations. Several important features were identified that informed design of a new instrument. Discourse Analysis of the 43 telephone consultations from primary care, revealed newly described elements of linguistic structure: 'Advise' and 'Request' exchanges and highlighting structure in narrative passages. From this the Instrument for Measurement of Telephone Process (IMoTeP) was developed. Argument was made for its construct and face validity. Reliability testing was limited to two people with eight consultations. This highlighted promising perfonnance, though there is need for further testing. CONCLUSION It has proved possible to develop an instrument to measure process in telephone consultations based on sound theory and real life observations. Further work should consolidate the reliability and validity while also looking for attributes oftelephone consultations that lead to positive outcomes.

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Jacobsen, H. D. "SOME MEASURED PERFORMANCE BOUNDS AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE LEMPEL-ZIV-WELCH DATA COMPACTION ALGORITHM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608924.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm is a popular data compaction technique that has been adopted by CCITT in its V.42bis recommendation and is often implemented in association with the V.32 standard for 9600 bps modems. It has also been implemented as Microcom Networking Protocol (MNP) Level 7, where it goes by the name of Enhanced Data Compression. LZW compacts data by encoding frequently occurring input strings with a single output symbol. The algorithm automatically generates a string dictionary for each symbol at each end of the transmission path. The amount of compaction that can be derived with the LZW algorithm varies with the type of data being transmitted and the efficiency by which table entries can be indexed. Table indexing is usually implemented by use of a hashing table. Although some manufacturers advertise a 4-to-1 gain in throughput, this seems to be an extreme case. This paper documents a implementation of the exact ZLW algorithm. The results presented in this paper are significantly less, typically on the order of 1-to-2 for ASCII text, with substantially less compaction for pre-compacted files or files containing random bit patterns. The efficiency of the LZW algorith on ASCII text is shown to be a function of dictionary size and block size. Although fewer transmitted symbols are required for larger dictionary tables, the additional bits required for the symbol index is marginally greater than the efficiency that is gained. The net effect is that dictionary sizes beyond 2K in size are increasingly less efficient for input data block sizes of 10K or more. The author concludes that the algorithm could be implemented as a direct table look-up rather than through a hashing algorithm. This would allow the LZW to be implemented with very simple firmware and with a maximum of hardware efficiency.

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Lehtonen, Joakim. "Energikartläggning av förskola : Underlag för energieffektiviseringsåtgärder av byggnaden Metreven samt fördjupning avseende potential för uppfyllande av Boverkets krav gällande nära- nollenergibyggnad." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49029.

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The Swedish residential sector consumes almost 39 % of Sweden’s final energy consumption. The European Union framework ”Clean Energy for all Europeans package” strives to promote a 32,5 % reduction as a result of energy efficiency measures. The Swedish legislation BBR regulates rules regarding new buildings, extensions and reconstruction of existing buildings. Excerpt 9 regards how energy is being used and determines the demands e.g. for a buildings primary energy use to be classified as a near zero energy building (NZEB). The energy use of a building, located in Västerås, Sweden, is being decided. Various energy efficiency packages are applied to a model in the simulation software IDA ICE. The results are compared with each other deciding the potential benefits of the energy efficiency measures. A substantial decrease of the energy consumption is detected, especially for the energy efficiency packages containing a geothermal heat pump (66 – 78 %). A life cycle cost analysis shows that the package containing a ventilation heat recovery system (FTX) combined with a geothermal heat pump is the optimal solution through an economical point a view. The solution yields a profit after 14 years. The analysis shows that all geothermal solutions, except a system consisting of a geothermal heat pump, FTX, energy efficient windows, rooftop insulation and a photovoltaic system, yields a profit during a 30-year investment period. None of the packages containing a district heat exchanger yield a profit. The simulation results show that by implementing any of the geothermal heat pump packages, the demands for classifying the building according to an NZE building are fulfilled. Regarding the district heating packages, only the package containing all the energy efficiency measures (energy efficient windows, rooftop insulation and PV) meets the demands to be classified as an NZE building. Regarding the environmental impact due to implementing the energy efficiency measures, the results show a reduced impact from applying the geothermal heat pump packages is equivalent to the energy consumption reductions. The results show that by implementing a district heating system, more than one additional energy efficiency measure must be applied to avoid an increased environmental impact. This thesis shows that implementing energy efficiency measures can decrease energy consumption and yield an economical profit to the existing building stock.

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Yuen, Kwok-wah. "Mesiodistal crown diameters of the primary and permanent teeth measured from serial study casts of Chinese children." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628156.

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袁國華 and Kwok-wah Yuen. "Mesiodistal crown diameters of the primary and permanent teeth measured from serial study casts of Chinese children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628156.

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Woods, Katharine. "Development and assessment of novel techniques to measure primary production in the Celtic Sea and English Channel." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274450.

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Dennis, Sarah M. "Assessing asthma in adult clinical trials of inhaled B2-agonists : a search for a standard primary outcome measure." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2002. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1849.

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Since the late 1960s the safety of inhaled B2-agonists has been questioned and the longtenn regular use of these drugs has been linked to increasing morbidity and mortality. National and international guidelines recommend that short acting inhaled B2-agonists should only be used on an "as needed" basis and yet the evidence for these recommendations is still unclear, one reason being the lack of common definition for an outcome. The Regular Use of Salbutamol Trial (TRUST) was designed to assess the risks and benefits of regular versus as needed salbutamol in mild to moderate asthma. In order to establish whether a common primary outcome measure could improve the comparability and interpretation of different trials, a systematic rcyiew of randomised controlled trials of long and short acting inhaled B2-agonists in asthmatic subjects was undertaken to identify well designed trials in this field and primary outcome measures used. The systematic review identified five different primary outcome measures from 26 trials of long and short acting inhaled B2-agonists. The TRUST definition of exacerbation was compared with the five primary outcome measures identified using the TRUST diary card data. In addition, the diary card variables (changes in PEF, symptom scores and medication use) were examined to determine the extent to which they predicted exacerbations according to the different definitions. The use of additional corticosteroids and an increase in daytime symptoms of two or more above baseline were the strongest predictors of all four definitions of exacerbation. A fall in morning PEF of 100 lImin was strongly associated with all definitions of exacerbation but was not a sensitive measure. In conclusion, exacerbations of asthma could be identified by use of additional corticosteroids and an increase in two or more of daytime symptoms. The specificity could be improved by including morning PEF but this may reduce patient compliance with study protocol in asthma trials.

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Neukom, Lisa. "Effects of propofol on excitability of primary sensory afferents in a rat in-vitro model measured with threshold tracking technique /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000281135.

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Samy-Kamal, Mohammed. "Evaluation of some management measures for trawling fishery of the western Mediterranean." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/45169.

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Ochwo, Pius. "Pupil, Teacher, and School Factors that Influence Student Achievement on the Primary Leaving Examination in Uganda: Measure Development and Multilevel Modeling." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1372507711.

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Ochwo, Pius. "Pupil, teacher, and school factors that influence student achievement on the primary leaving examination in Uganda| Measure development and multilevel modeling." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618856.

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This study examined the multilevel factors that influence mathematics and English performance on the Primary Leaving Examinations (PLEs) among primary seven pupils (i.e., equivalent to the United States [U.S.] 7^th graders) in Uganda. Existing student state test data from the Wakiso District were obtained. In addition, a newly created Teacher Quality Measure (TQM) was used to collect teacher data from the same district. Pupil data from primary seven (7^th grade) and the TQM data were analyzed via Rasch Analysis, Analysis of Covariance, and Hierarchical Linear Modeling to investigate the following two main objectives: (1) Developing a behavioral frequency measure of teacher quality for Ugandan teachers, (2) Examining the relationship between pupil-, teacher-, and school-level factors on pupil achievement on the PLEs in Uganda.

Specific to the first objective, it was found that a psychometrically sound measure of teacher quality can be developed. The results rendered a 38-question measure focusing on four domains: (1) Teacher Planning and Preparation, (2) Classroom Environment, (3) Teacher Instruction, and (4) Teacher Professionalism.

The second objective found that there are no significant differences between boys and girls on English achievement controlling for prior ability in English. However, there were significant differences between the sexes on mathematics achievement, with boys having higher scores. Additionally, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between student SES (i.e., boarding and day schools) and student achievement, with higher SES students (i.e., boarding schools) having higher achievement. It was also found that teacher TQM scores were a significant predictor of student PLE mathematics and English test scores, with higher teacher quality rendering higher student mathematics and English scores. There was also a significant difference between school types (i.e., urban and rural) on student achievement in mathematics, with rural schools (i.e., lower SES schools) having higher means compared to urban schools.

Future research should continue to define the network of relationships between pupil-, teacher-, and school-level factors and pupil achievement, and maintain the measure revision and validation process of the TQM. Assessment is becoming commonplace in the classroom in Uganda, and the need to examine the influence of the teacher on pupil achievement is in high demand. Results from this study can provide insight into the disparities involving sex, student SES, and school SES that influence pupil achievement in Uganda. The findings also support administrative demands for more efficient ways to monitor teacher quality, and in turn, meet educational standards and increase student achievement.

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Hemphill, Jean Croce. "Advanced Practice Nurse Preceptors Use of Role Clarity as a Teaching Method: Identifying Collaborative Referrals as an Outcome Measure in Primary Care with Homeless Persons." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7578.

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Storti, Dawn. "Promoting motivational needs to improve academic engagement in the primary classroom : using homework completion rates to measure the efficacy of classroom behaviour management strategies." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/125256/.

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Engaging primary aged children in academic tasks beyond the school gates is an age-old problem for many teachers and ubiquitous across many school settings. While the process can be felt as intrusive in the home environment (Edwards and Warin 1999) the benefits have been associated with more than subject specific academic achievement. Homework can develop fundamental learning behaviours (Bempechat 2004) which include the encouragement of independent learning, intrinsic engagement and life-long learning skills which can improve academic achievement in secondary school and beyond. However, around a third of children were found to regularly not complete homework tasks at primary school (Cooper et al 1998) which may disadvantage these pupils and harm their life choices when they are older. Homework is an integral part of the UK primary curriculum but its completion involves a complex list of motivational factors which can be influenced by rewards and punishments in the classroom. This project explored the efficacy of some common rewards systems, using homework completion rates as the measuring instrument. The project focuses on the impact of ClassDojo, a popular internet-based program, as a classroom behaviour management tool that incorporates homework completion as an important requirement of the pupils’ practice. The system’s efficacy is compared in two ways. The study was done over two school terms and involved twin classes (a Comparison and a focus class). In term one both classes were treated the same, following the school policy of using a Zone Board for behaviour management and house points to reward classwork and homework completion. In term two the Focus class used ClassDojo to reward all of these while the Comparison class continued as in term one. The findings suggest that when a classroom behaviour management system incorporates homework, school work and classroom behaviour within the same reward structure, while consistently supporting the motivational factors important for intrinsic engagement and pupil self-worth, homework turn-in rates can be improved within a few weeks. ClassDojo in itself was not found to be the motivationally pertinent factor but the way it was used to address and support all pupil learning and behaviour that influenced the children’s homework completion rates and classroom academic engagement. Alternative behaviour management systems could be equally effective if they address the needs identified in the motivational model and support intrinsic motivational engagement.

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Nancarrow, Susan Alison, and sunancarrow@yahoo co uk. "ï¿½If we canï¿½t measure it, we canï¿½t do itï¿½ The role of health outcomes in community and allied health service accountability." The Australian National University. ANU College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20100707.182200.

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Health outcomes fulfill a number of roles in the health sector. Economists, clinicians, researchers and managers use health outcomes in a range of different contexts for distinct purposes. New management approaches that use contracts as the basis for health service accountability have attempted to take health outcomes from their clinical role into a management setting. In particular, the purchasers and managers of some health services expect that service providers should demonstrate that they improve the health outcomes of their patients to justify their on-going funding. However, a number of organisations have experienced barriers to the application of the outcomes approach to health service management and there has been no systematic evaluation of the approach. Nor has there been an investigation into why purchasing organisations have difficulty introducing health outcomes into purchasing contracts. The result is that managers and purchasers continue to assign resources to the pursuit of health outcomes as an accountability tool. This thesis addresses two research questions around the use of health outcomes in community and allied health service accountability. The first is the barriers to the application of health outcomes to health services accountability. The second question examines the conditions that must be met before health outcomes can be used as an accountability tool in purchasing contracts for allied health. The research questions are addressed through the analysis of case studies that explore systematically the approach taken by two organisations, the Department of Veteransï¿½ Affairs and ACT Community Care, in their attempts to identify health outcomes that could be used in purchasing contracts for community and allied health services. The case study analysis uses a health services research approach that draws on multidisciplinary techniques including epidemiology, health services management and anthropology. The thesis describes the accountability interactions within the purchaser-provider model. Accountability is not a uniform construct. It consists of many domains, levels and interactions. In health service delivery, there are a number of different actors and a wide range of interactions for which they are accountable. Two important interactions are identified: professional accountability, which describes the accountability of the health service professional to their patient; and contractual accountability, which is the obligation of the health service provider (or providing organisation) to the purchaser through their contractual agreement. I conclude that health outcomes are not an appropriate domain of contractual accountability but they are an important component of professional accountability and I discuss the implications of these finding for theory and practice.

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Lynch, Jeannette. "Are patient beliefs important in determining adherence to treatment and outcome for depression: Development and testing of a brief questionnaire to measure beliefs about depression in primary care." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580535.

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Depressive disorders are prevalent and costly but there is a lack of evidence on how best to select treatments for mild to moderate depression in primary care. Illness beliefs have been shown to affect the outcome from physical illness, but there is limited information on the beliefs of patients who are depressed. It is not known whether beliefs influence outcome from depression and whether this is mediated through medication adherence. The Beliefs about Depression questionnaire (BDQ), based on Leventhal common sense model (CSM) of illness beliefs, was developed from existing qualitative and quantitative data. An initial 76 Item questionnaire was tested on 334 primary care patients with diagnosis of depression and principal component analysis was used to reduce the number of items. The shortened questionnaire (sBDQ) was tested for construct and criterion validity by comparison with existing measures. Test- retest reliability was carried out at two weeks and internal consistency of subscales calculated. A six month longitudinal study was carried out on a cohort of primary care patients with a new episode of depression in the previous six months. Baseline measures were completed and 224 (76%) completed follow-up questionnaires at six months. The primary outcome was the change in depression scores measured by the Hospital and Anxiety Scale - depression subscale (HAD-D). Secondary outcomes were measures of anxiety, functioning, use of medication and use of services. These latter two outcomes were measured both by participant self-report and information from the GP computer systems. Results show that beliefs at baseline contributed to the prediction of depression severity at six months measured by HAD-D or PHQ-9. Severity scores at six months were increased by initial severity but decreased in participants who believed that exercise or activity could control their depression (self-efficacy behaviour). Beliefs about medication did not influence outcome of depression but did predict medication usage. The meaning and possible implications of these findings are discussed in relation to existing literature. Faculty of Medicine Primary Care and Population Sciences Doctor of Philosophy Are patient beliefs important in determining adherence to treatment and outcome for depression? Development and testing of a brief questionnaire to measure beliefs about depression in primary care Dr Jeannette Lynch

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Rao, Mala. "Assessing the quality of care in general practice : is the general practice assessment survey an adequate summary measure for a practical approach to clinical governance in primary care organisations?" Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536757.

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Knichel, Michael Linus Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Braun-Munzinger, and Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wambach. "Transverse momentum distributions of primary charged particles in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions measured with ALICE at the LHC / Michael Linus Knichel. Betreuer: Peter Braun-Munzinger ; Jochen Wambach." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1111910995/34.

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Knichel, Michael Linus [Verfasser], Peter Akademischer Betreuer] Braun-Munzinger, and Jochen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Wambach. "Transverse momentum distributions of primary charged particles in pp, p–Pb and Pb–Pb collisions measured with ALICE at the LHC / Michael Linus Knichel. Betreuer: Peter Braun-Munzinger ; Jochen Wambach." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-49306.

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Small, Nicola. "Patient empowerment in long-term conditions : development and validation of a new measure." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/patient-empowerment-in-longterm-conditions-development-and-validation-of-a-new-measure(b85db41b-5898-4c51-a180-78439eb94ea7).html.

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Background: Patient empowerment is viewed as a priority by policy makers, patients and practitioners worldwide. Although there are a number of measures available, none have been developed specifically for patients in the UK with long-term conditions. It is the aim of this study to report the development and preliminary validation of an empowerment instrument for patients with long-term conditions in primary care.Methods: The study involved three methods. Firstly, a systematic review was conducted to identify existing empowerment instruments, and to describe, compare and appraise their content and quality. The results supported the need for a new instrument. Item content of existing instruments helped support development of the new instrument. Secondly, empowerment was explored in patients with long-term conditions and primary care practitioners using qualitative methods, to explore its meaning and the factors that support or hinder empowerment. This led to the development of a conceptual model to support instrument development. Thirdly, a new instrument for measuring empowerment in patients with long-term conditions in primary care was developed. A cross-sectional survey of patients was conducted to collect preliminary data on acceptability, reliability and validity, using pre-specified hypotheses based on existing theoretical and empirical work. Results: Nine instruments meeting review inclusion criteria were identified. Only one instrument was developed to measure empowerment in long-term conditions in the context of primary care, and that was judged to be insufficient in terms of content and purpose. Five dimensions (‘identity’, ‘knowledge and understanding’, ‘personal control’, personal decision-making’, and ‘enabling other patients’) of empowerment were identified through published literature and the qualitative work and incorporated into a preliminary version of the new instrument. A postal survey achieved 197 responses (response rate 33%). Almost half of the sample reported circulatory, diabetic or musculoskeletal conditions. Exploratory factor analysis suggested a three factor solution (‘identity’, ‘knowledge and understanding’ and ‘enabling’). Two dimensions of empowerment (‘identity’ and ‘enabling’) and total empowerment showed acceptable levels of internal consistency. The measure showed relationships with external measures (including quality of chronic illness care, self-efficacy and educational qualifications) that were generally supportive of its construct validity.Conclusion: Initial analyses suggest that the new measure meets basic psychometric criteria and has potential for the measurement of patient empowerment in long-term conditions in primary care. The scale may have a role in research on quality of care for long-term conditions, and could function as a patient-reported outcome measure. However, further validation is required before more extensive use of the measure.

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Hijazi, Zeinab. "Development of population-specific function assessment intrument in Lebanon." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12160.

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RESUMO: Contexto: O funcionamento tem sido reconhecido como um dos principais indicadores de resultados para avaliar se as pessoas beneficiam das intervenções destinadas a melhorar a sua saúde mental. O funcionamento refere-se à forma como um indivíduo consegue responder às suas tarefas e solicitações, dos seus familiares e da sua comunidade, de acordo com os requisitos do local e a cultura em que vive (eg, tarefa de cozinhar e limpar para as mulheres em algumas culturas ). O funcionamento é altamente dependente da cultura - por isso, tem sido recomendado o desenvolvimento de medidas de funcionamento específicas de cada cultura. Desenvolver localmente os instrumentos de medida evita problemas de adequação, associados com a adaptação de instrumentos ocidentais. Embora os instrumentos criados desta forma sejam específicos de um meio cultural, eles são simultaneamente "transculturais", no sentido em que cada um se refere às tarefas mais importantes para a população local . Esta abordagem mostrou-se útil para investigadores e agências de ajuda (eg, ONGs) que trabalham em países não-ocidentais . Este estudo descreve o trabalho da agência International Medical Corps (IMC) na criação e validação de um questionário de funcionamento específico nas dimensões cultura e gênero, no Líbano, destinado a avaliar eventuais melhorias em pessoas que receberam intervenções de para problemas de saúde mental, a nível dos cuidados primários de saúde. Método: O instrumento foi desenvolvido usando um método que é uma alternativa à abordagem existente de adaptação de instrumentos ocidentais a outras culturas e situações; esta abordagem é rápida e exequível, tendo já demonstrado ser útil no desenvolvimento de instrumentos válidos e fidedignos. Inicialmente, foi solicitado que as pessoas identificassem, de uma lista livre, as tarefas mais importantes para cuidar de si próprias, da sua família e da sua comunidade; as tarefas identificadas foram posteriormente usadas como base para um instrumento de avaliação de funcionamento culturalmente válido. A partir daqui, foram desenvolvidos questionários específicos da comunidade em questão, posteriormente testados no terreno nas vertentes da validade (de conteúdo, facial e de constructo) e da fiabilidade (teste-reste e inter-entrevistadores). Resultados. O estudo resultou na criação e validação de um questionário de funcionamento específico de cultura e gênero capaz de medir efectivamente a capacidade de execução de tarefas importantes do quotidiano,como parte da avaliação de resultados levada a cabo por profissionais da CSP previamente treinados na identificação, suporte e encaminhamento de pessoas com problemas de saúde mental no Líbano. Conclusão. Neste trabalho descreve-se o desenvolvimento de um questionário de funcionamento específico de cultura e gênero, orientado para a avaliação de resultados, num contexto mais lato de um sistema abrangente de avaliação e monitorização de um serviço comunitário. --------------ABSTRACT: Background. Functioning has been recognized as one of the most important key outcomes to assess whether people benefit from interventions aimed to improve their mental health. Functioning refers to how well na individual can complete the tasks and demands for themselves, their family, and their community which are required by them depending on the setting and the culture they live in (e.g. task of cooking and cleaning for women in some cultures). Functioning is highly dependent on culture. Therefore, it has been recommended to develop culture-specific measures of function. Developing instruments locally avoids the problems of limited local relevance and appropriateness associate with adapting western instruments. Although each instrument created in this way is culturally bound, they are “cross cultural” in the sense that each refers to the tasks most important to local people. This approach proves useful for both researchers and aid agencies working in non-western countries. This study describes International Medical Corps’ (IMC) work in Lebanon to create and validate a culture and gender specific functioning questionnaire to assess improvements in people who received treatment interventions for mental health problems at the primary health care (PHC) level. Method. The measure was developed using a method that is an alternative to the existing approach of adapting western function instruments to other cultures and situations; an approach which has been demonstrated as rapid, feasible and which can yield valid and reliable instruments. Function was assessed by first asking local people what tasks are important to care for themselves, their family and their community using free listing, then using these tasks as the basis for a culturally valid function assessment instrument. Community specific function questionnaires based on these tasks were then created, and field-tested for validity using content, face and construct validity methods, and also field tested for reliability using inter-rater and test retest reliability methods. Results. The study resulted in the creation and validation of a culture and gender specific functioning questionnaire that would effectively measure the ability to do tasks important to daily existence, as part of assessing client level outcomes where PHC providers were trained in the identification, management and referral of people with mental health problems in Lebanon. Conclusion. The paper describes a successful pilot for developing culture and gender specific functioning questionnaires that evaluate client level outcomes as part of a more comprehensive system for monitoring and evaluation of community based case management supports and services.

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