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Journal articles on the topic 'PRIMARY PERITONITIS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Dr., Nabeel Ahmed Dr. Maaz Moin Khan Dr. Muhammad Haris Rafiq. "PRIMARY PERITONITIS IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 11 (2018): 13454–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1581268.

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<em>This study is basically conducted to recognize the primary peritonitis in immunocompromised patients, for the purpose all patients admitted to the (ICU) intensive care unit of the Hospital from 1 January 2016 to 31 July 2017 with a diagnosis of primary peritonitis were retrospectively included. The medical record of the patients was gathered from the data recordings of the Department of Critical Care and Emergency and the Departments of Surgery. APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) was the main source in the calculation for every patient at the time of admission. A

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Klemm, N. K., R. Trasolini, and N. Chatur. "A67 DELAYED PRESENTATION AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY PNEUMOCOCCAL PERITONITIS." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (2021): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.065.

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Abstract Background S. pneumoniae intraabdominal infections are rare in healthy individuals, but the literature reveals a female dominance for primary peritonitis in the early post-partum period. Limited studies exist evaluating the timing of surgical management. Aims We present a case of primary pneumococcal peritonitis in which the presentation and surgical intervention was delayed. Methods A case chart review and literature review was conducted. Results A 41-year-old female with a spontaneous vaginal delivery 4 months prior presented with progressive abdominal pain, distention, and emesis o

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Leshchishin, Yaroslav M., Ildar G. Mugatasimov, Andrey I. Baranov, Konstantin V. Potekhin, and Sergey A. Yaroshchuk. "The Results of the Planned Relaparotomy and Laparostomy in Treatment of Generalized Purulent Peritonitis." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 4, no. 1 (2019): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2019-4.1.16.

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Background.Laparostomy (open abdomen) is an aggressive surgical treatment of peritonitis and it requires justification of its effectiveness. Aims. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of laparostomy and planned rehabilitation in patients with common purulent peritonitis.Materials and methods.Retrospective analysis of the results of laparostomy and planned sanations in patients with common purulent peritonitis. The study included 101 case histories. Inclusion criteria: generalized purulent peritonitis established in the primary surgical intervention that required the implemen

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Nesterova, I. V., G. A. Chudilova, V. N. Chapurina, et al. "Clinical and immunological efficacy of immunotherapeutic program after surgical treatment of children with various forms of acute peritonitis." Medical Immunology (Russia) 24, no. 3 (2022): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-cai-2470.

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Acute peritonitis (AP) is among the most frequent and severe conditions in pediatric abdominal surgery. Due to development of antibiotic resistance and increasing number of atypical infectious and inflammatory diseases (IIDs), a lot of specialists suggest combined treatments for these patients which should include not only surgical and etiotropic approaches, as well as therapy aimed at correction of functional defects of immunity. Neutrophilic granulocytes (NGs) reepresent a unique population of cells of primary anti-infectious immune response. Functional NG defects in pediatric AP play a lead

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Geropoulos, Georgios, Kyriakos Psarras, Maria Papaioannou, et al. "The Effectiveness of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mixed with Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Healing of Inflammatory Bowel Anastomoses: A Pre-Clinical Study in Rats." Journal of Personalized Medicine 14, no. 1 (2024): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010121.

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Introduction: Multiple factors have been linked with increased risk of anastomotic leak in bowel surgery, including infections, inflammatory bowel disease, patient comorbidities and poor surgical technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the positive effect, if any, of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mixed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the healing of bowel anastomoses, in an inflammatory environment after establishment of experimental colitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of seven animals: normal controls, coliti

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Ishaq, Aliya, Muhammad Jamshaid Husain Khan, Farah Ibrahim Bakhit Juma, et al. "Cecal Perforation: Gastrointestinal Menifestation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Journal of Medical Research and Surgery 3, S2 (2022): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52916/jmrs22s204.

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Background: Hematological malignancies present with gastrointestinal manifestations in the form of typhlitis, colitis and bowel perforation. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of these entities is essential because they are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Case report: We present a case report of a young female patient who was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and while being on induction chemotherapy started having fever, pneumonia, positive blood culture and was started for that on broad spectrum antibiotics after which she developed abdominal pain and loose mo

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Reque, Javier, Rosa Arlandis, Nayara Panizo, Maria José Pascual, and Alejandro Perez-Alba. "Candida auris Invasive Infection after Kidney Transplantation." Case Reports in Nephrology 2022 (January 28, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6007607.

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Introduction. C. auris has been associated not only with a variety of invasive fungal infections, including candidemia, sometimes related to central venous catheter, but also with pericarditis and respiratory tract and urinary tract infections. Materials and Methods. We describe the case of a patient with persistent fever despite antibiotics, who presented with Candida isolation in blood cultures, typified as Candida auris species. Results. A 57-year-old male receiving peritoneal dialysis underwent kidney transplantation which was complicated by primary nonfunction due to arterial thrombosis n

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Wagiu, Angelica M. J., Fadilah N. A. Kasim, and Andiressanto C. Lengkong. "Patient Profile of Primary Peritonitis, Secondary Peritonitis, and Tertiary Peritonitis." Medical Scope Journal 6, no. 2 (2024): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/msj.v6i2.53518.

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Background: Peritonitis is an inflammation that occurs in the peritoneum. The complex structure of the abdomen makes diagnosing and treating intraperitoneal infections challenging in the practice of medicine. Purpose: This study aims to determine the profile of primary peritonitis, secondary peritonitis, and tertiary peritonit patients treated at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado in 2022. Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive method using medical record data of peritonitis patients during the period January – December 2022. Result : Peritonitis patients are treated at RSUP. Pro

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Chaughtai, Saira, Bhavika Gandhi, Zeeshan Chaughtai, Dana Tarina, Mohammad A. Hossain, and Arif Asif. "Clostridium difficilePeritonitis: An Emerging Infection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients." Case Reports in Medicine 2018 (September 19, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3537283.

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Recently, the incidence ofClostridium difficile-(C. difficile-) associated infection has increased significantly in hospital and ambulatory care settings in parallel to the increasing use of inappropriate antibiotics. According to the CDC, approximately 83,000 patients who developedC.difficileexperienced at least one recurrence and 29,000 died within 30 days of the initial diagnosis. Patients on dialysis (particularly peritoneal dialysis) are predisposed to this infection due to an inherent immunocompromised state and transmural translocation of the bacteria due to the close association of gas

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Agarwal, Nitin, Ashish Sharma, and Gaurav Garg. "Non-traumatic ruptured splenic abscess presenting with pneumoperitoneum in an immunocompetent patient: a diagnostic dilemma." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 5 (2019): e228961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-228961.

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Splenic abscess is a rare life-threatening clinical entity. There are only a handful of reported cases of spontaneous splenic abscess rupture with pneumoperitoneum. Rupture of splenic abscess associated with gas-producing pathogens may lead to pneumoperitoneum. We hereby report the case of a ruptured splenic abscess with pneumoperitoneum in a young immunocompetent woman masquerading as hollow viscus perforation peritonitis. Ruptured splenic abscess should be kept in mind for treating surgeons as a differential diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum or peritonitis, particularly for immunocompromised pat

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Sak, Yeow Hong, Chiew Yen Haw, and Yon Quan Chan. "Pantoea dispersa peritoneal dialysis catheter-related infection." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 6 (2024): e260878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-260878.

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Enteric gram-negative bacteria-associated peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis is common. These organisms are such as Escherichia coli , Klebsiella and Enterobacter species. Pantoea dispersa belongs to the order Enterobacterales, it has known benefits and a role in agricultural and environmental biotechnology. Pantoea dispersa, although still relatively rare, is being increasingly recognised to cause human infections. We are reporting a case of PD peritonitis caused by Pantoea dispersa in a kidney failure patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). His peritonitis was treated

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Carvalho, Tiago J., Patrícia Quadros Branco, Ana Rita Martins, and Augusta Gaspar. "Chryseobacterium indologenesperitonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient." BMJ Case Reports 11, no. 1 (2018): e227713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-227713.

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Peritonitis remains an important complication of peritoneal dialysis. The Gram-negative bacillusChryseobacterium indologenescauses infection mostly in immunocompromised patients with severe underlying disease, mainly in Asia. Herein, we report the first case in Europe and the second case in an immunocompetent patient of peritoneal dialysis-associatedC. indologenesperitonitis. Our patient presented with abdominal pain and a cloudy effluent and was started on intraperitoneal antibiotics. The organism cultured from the peritoneal fluid was later identified asC. indologenesand antibiotic therapy w

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Djurdjevic-Mirkovic, Tatjana, Ljiljana Gvozdenovic, Gordana Majstorovic-Strazmester, et al. "An experience with colistin applied in treatment of imunocompromised patients with peritonitis on peritoneal dialysis." Vojnosanitetski pregled 72, no. 4 (2015): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp131228062d.

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Introduction. Immunocompromised patients, such as those with multiple myeloma on peritoneal dialysis, are particularly susceptible to the occurrence of peritonitis. Case report. We presented a 56-year-old female patient with a 10-year history of multiple myeloma. The patient was on peritoneal dialysis since 2010. During 2012 the patient had the first episode of peritonitis that was successfully managed, but in 2013 the second episode of peritonitis occured. Analysis of dialysate culture and exit site swab revealed the presence of multiresistant Acinetobacter spp., which was susceptible only to

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Nazir, Shaista, Dekyong Angmo, Bashir Ahmad Fomda, and Javid Iqbal. "Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica: An Emerging Pathogen in Pediatric Patients." JMS SKIMS 17, no. 2 (2014): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33883/jms.v17i2.242.

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E. meningoseptica is widely distributed in fresh and salt waters, in the soil, and in some animals but is not considered a normal human microflora. It is a gram negative non-fermentative bacillus which is found in the hospital environment and associated with nosocomial infections. It causes various disease like endocarditis, peritonitis, bacteremia, pneumonia, pediatric meningitis. It is mostly associated with infections in the immunocompromised patients. Recognition of E. meningoseptica is of paramount importance for clinicians since multi-drug resistance is common for this organism and secon

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Gualtieri, Patricia, and Paulo Vilar Saavedra. "Septic Peritonitis Secondary to Neoplasia in Two Canine Cancer-Bearing Patients Lacking Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Organ Rupture." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 60, no. 1 (2024): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7379.

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ABSTRACT In this case report, we describe the presentation, diagnosis, and outcome of septic peritonitis secondary to neoplasia in patients lacking evidence of gastrointestinal content leakage, liver abscessation, or other treatment-associated risk factors. Two dogs presented with a diagnosis of neoplasia and nonspecific clinical signs such as lethargy, hyporexia, vomiting, and discomfort that was localized to the abdomen. The diagnoses at presentation consisted of a perianal tumor consistent with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma and systemic mastocytosis. Neither of the dogs was conside

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Hélias, Marion, Jérôme Planchon, Aurore Bousquet, and Clément Dubost. "Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis peritonitis with spontaneous intestinal perforation in an immunocompetent patient." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 3 (2019): e228027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2018-228027.

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Few data reported non-typhoidal Salmonella peritonitis in immunocompromised patients. We reported the case of a man without immunosuppression or predisposing factor, who developed Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis peritonitis with spontaneous intestinal perforation. After emergent surgery, the patient was transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) because of respiratory, renal and haemodynamic failures. When S. enterica serovar Enteritidis was identified, antibiotics were de-escalated for ceftriaxone and metronidazole for 5 days. No immunosuppression was found. Evolution was favourable, an

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WINTERS, JEFFREY L., WILLIAM N. O'CONNOR, ROBERT A. BROUGHTON, and JACQUELINE A. NOONAN. "Bordetella bronchiseptica Pneumonia in a Patient with Down Syndrome: A Case Report and Review." Pediatrics 89, no. 6 (1992): 1262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.89.6.1262.

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Bordetella bronchiseptica is primarily an animal pathogen, responsible for canine tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) and bronchopneumonia, as well as porcine atrophic rhinitis and otitis media. It readily colonizes the upper respiratory tract and oropharynx of these species.1 This organism rarely has been recognized as a human pathogen, causing mild upper respiratory tract infections in animal caretakers,1 subacute bacterial endocarditis,2 and a pertussis-like illness in children.3 Although asymptomatic nosocomial colonization of humans occurs,4 it also has been reported in immunocompromised Pat

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Pimentel, Jason D., Gavin Dreyer, and Gary D. Lum. "Peritonitis due to Cunninghamella bertholletiae in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis." Journal of Medical Microbiology 55, no. 1 (2006): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46202-0.

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Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis due to fungi of the class Zygomycetes occurs very rarely. A case of fungal continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis due to Cunninghamella bertholletiae is reported in a 39-year-old Aboriginal woman with end-stage renal failure and diabetes mellitus. This isolate was found to be resistant in vitro to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole. However, this patient was successfully treated with voriconazole and removal of the Tenckhoff dialysis catheter. Zygomycoses are an emerging threat amo

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Yip, Terence, Kai-Chung Tse, Flora Ng, et al. "Clinical Course and Outcomes of Single-OrganismEnterococcusPeritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 31, no. 5 (2011): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2009.00260.

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Background and ObjectivesEnterococci are part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract. They can cause enteric peritonitis, which is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the clinical course and outcome of PD-related Enterococcus peritonitis remains unclear.MethodsWe reviewed all Enterococcus peritonitis episodes occurring in our dialysis unit from 1995 to 2009.ResultsDuring the study period, 1421 episodes of peritonitis were recorded. Of 29 episodes (2.0%) that were attributable to single-organism Enterococcus, 12 episodes were caused by E. faecalis; 9, by E. f

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Rodríguez-Medina, Ulises, and Ulises Rodríguez-Wong. "Microbiological aspects of peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis." Revista Mexicana de Cirugía del Aparato Digestivo 14, no. 2 (2025): 33–34. https://doi.org/10.62640/cad251421e.

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Peritonitis is one of the most common and serious infectious complications in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Its microbiological etiology is diverse and directly influences the choice of antimicrobial therapy, clinical prognosis, and the feasibility of dialysis treatment. This article reviews the main etiologic agents, mechanisms of infection, and antimicrobial resistance patterns associated with peritonitis in PD. Peritoneal dialysis is an effective form of renal replacement therapy, but its success can be compromised by recurrent episodes of peritonitis. This complication repr

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Arimuthu, Durga Arinandini, Kar Wah Fuah, and Christopher Thiam Seong Lim. "Clinical course ofKlebsiella variicolaperitonitis in end-stage kidney disease patients receiving peritoneal dialysis." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 11 (2024): e262696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-262696.

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Klebsiella variicolais part of theK. pneumoniaecomplex and has been recently identified to have pathogenic properties. Emerging reports show that it can cause bloodstream, respiratory and urinary tract infections. It has been shown to be an important causative agent in immunocompromised individuals. We report here three cases ofK. variicolaperitonitis encountered in our peritoneal dialysis patients.

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Chaudhry, Rafia I., Tushar Chopra, Rachel Fissell, and Thomas A. Golper. "Strategies to Prevent Peritonitis after Procedures: Our Opinions." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 39, no. 4 (2019): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2018.00148.

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Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) patients are at increased risk of peritonitis following elective colonoscopy and other potentially invasive dental or gynecological procedures. The increased risk of iatrogenic peritonitis is attributed to procedure-related factors such as instrumentation, biopsies, tissue injury, and peri-procedural bacterial contamination. Also contributory are patient-related factors such as the effect of the immunocompromised status of end-stage renal disease and the presence of intraperitoneal dialysate on the disruption of natural host defense mechanisms. We propose the use of st

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Keane, William F., and Phillip K. Peterson. "Host Defense Mechanisms of the Peritoneal Cavity and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 11, no. 2 (1991): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089101100203.

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Clinical and experimental data reviewed in this paper illustrate the perturbations of normal bio logical functions, which may accompany a major technological advance. There is a marked reduction in opsonic molecules, particularly IgG and C3, that occur after the instillation of large volumes of dialysate into the abdominal cavity. This greatly alters the normal balance in the peritoneal milieu and significantly impairs the normal function of phagocytic cells in the abdominal cavity. The “immunocompromised environment” produced is reflected in the high incidence of peritonitis in CAPD patients.

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Paladii, Irina, Liuba Streltov, Vladimir Kusturov, Sergiu Berliba, and Vitalie Lescov. "Frequency and etiologic structure of peritonitis." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences 80, no. 3 (2025): 112–15. https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2024.3-80.20.

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Introduction. Peritonitis remains a current problem in surgery, which is associated with high mortality - 20-30%, in severe cases reaching over > 70%. Aim. Etiologic analysis of peritonitis in the research group. Material and methods. Examination of 245 medical records of patients with peritonitis, treated in 2023, in Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau. Results. Primary peritonitis in 11(4,48%) cases; secondary in 234 (95,51%), continious peritonitis in 9 patients. Death rate - 57 (23,26%) patients. Conclusions. The frequency and etiologic causes of peritonitis in the research group

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Kislyakov, V. A., V. Y. Malyuga, M. I. Bokarev, et al. "The experience of treatment Furnier’s gangren complicated by peritonitis." Wounds and wound infections. The prof. B.M. Kostyuchenok journal 4, no. 3 (2019): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25199/2408-9613-2017-4-3-24-29.

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Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a rare but rather formidable disease that has been occurring more and more often in surgical hospitals of the country in the last decade. Such situation, in our opinion, is explained by an increase in the number of immunocompromised patients. A number of concomitant diseases is a predisposing factor for the development of FG: diabetes mellitus, obesity, cirrhosis, malignant tumors, alcoholism, drug addiction, glucocorticoids, condition after chemotherapy, nutritional deficiency. The course of the disease is accompanied by a high mortality rate – up to 88.0 %, and am

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Johnson, Matthew, Ashley Bartscherer, Ellis Tobin, and Marcel Tafen. "Streptococcus pyogenes peritonitis: a rare, lethal imitator of appendicitis." BMJ Case Reports 12, no. 9 (2019): e230490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-230490.

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Streptococcus pyogenes is a common cause of infection. Since 2010, the Centers for Disease Control has noted a 24% rise in invasive S. pyogenes infections with a mortality rate of 10%. We present a case series and review of the English literature. Two patients presented with findings concerning for appendicitis, each underwent laparoscopic appendectomies. Both had diffuse peritoneal inflammation without appendicitis, cultures grew S. pyogenes and both recovered with appropriate antibiotics. Thirty cases were identified in a review of the English literature. The average age was 27 years, 75% we

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Errim Ahl Cheikh, Sara Elmalhi, Fayçal Idam, Loubna Ait said, and Kawtar Zahlane. "Primary bacterial peritonitis due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 047–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.21.1.0240.

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Peritonitis is an acute inflammation of the peritoneum, most commonly caused by infections. It is a surgical emergency that can threaten the vital prognosis of patients. Therapeutic management combines surgery and antibiotic therapy, which must be adapted to the ecology and susceptibility profiles of the bacteria usually isolated. The evolution of antimicrobial resistance in peritonitis is a worrying phenomenon, which has been the subject of numerous publications and the modification of antibiotic therapy protocols We report in this work a case of primary bacterial peritonitis due to carbapene

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Agarwal, Nitin, Sudipta Saha, Anurag Srivastava, Sunil Chumber, Anita Dhar, and Sanket Garg. "Peritonitis." Tropical Gastroenterology 28, no. 3 (2007): 117–20. https://doi.org/10.4103/trog_20072803_117.

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Background: Peritonitis secondary to gut perforation is still one of the commonest surgical emergencies in India and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The present study examines the aetiology and outcome of peritonitis cases operated on in our surgical unit, and compares our findings with those of previous studies performed between 1981 and 1991. Method: A retrospective study of 260 peritonitis patients operated on in a single surgical unit from 1995 to 2006 was done and data involving clinical presentation, operative findings and post-operative course were studied and analysed.

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Guarro, Josep, María Isabel Antolín-Ayala, Josepa Gené, Jesús Gutiérrez-Calzada, Carlos Nieves-Díez, and Montserrat Ortoneda. "Fatal Case of Trichoderma harzianumInfection in a Renal Transplant Recipient." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 11 (1999): 3751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.11.3751-3755.1999.

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We describe the second known case of human infection byTrichoderma harzianum. A disseminated fungal infection was detected in the postmortem examination of a renal transplant recipient and confirmed in culture. The only other reported infection by this fungus caused peritonitis in a diabetic patient. The in vitro antifungal susceptibilities of the clinical strain and three other strains of Trichoderma species to six antifungal drugs are provided. This case illustrates the widening spectrum of opportunisticTrichoderma spp. in immunocompromised patients and emphasizes the problems in diagnosing

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Hooks, Bell. "The Appropriate Antibiotic Treatment the Morbidity and Mortality Rate of Bacterial Infections in Cirrhotic Patients." Clinical and Medical Research and Studies 2, no. 4 (2023): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.59468/2836-8525/033.

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Cirrhosis of liver is the end stage of multiple processes that lead to hepatic failure and eventually death. Patients with cirrhosis are immunocompromised and are predisposed to develop bacterial infections, sepsis and severe sepsis. The most common infections in cirrhosis are Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP, 25%-31%) followed by Urinary Tract Infection (UTI, 20%-25%), Pneumonia (15%-21%), Bacteremia (12%) and Cellulitis (11%). The aim of the study was to first identify the most frequent infections in patients with liver cirrhosis and evaluate the role of bacterial infections in clinica

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Waisman, Darcy C., Gregory J. Tyrrell, James D. Kellner, Sipi Garg, and Thomas J. Marrie. "Pneumococcal Peritonitis: Still with Us and Likely to Increase in Importance." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 21, no. 1 (2010): e23-e27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/867571.

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BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal peritonitis is uncommon and poorly understood.METHODS: As part of a five-year study (2000 to 2004) of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Alberta, all cases of peritonitis due toStreptococcus pneumoniaewere reviewed and compared with all other cases of IPD.RESULTS: Twenty-three of 1768 (1.3%) IPD patients were found to have peritonitis. Patients with peritonitis were more likely to have cirrhosis, hepatitis C, alcoholism and HIV/AIDS, than the remainder of the patients with IPD. The all-cause mortality did not differ between the two groups. Peritonitis was classifie

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Hijano, Diego R., Delia C. Allen, Jonathan Burlison, et al. "Improvement in Palivizumab Administration in Severely Immunocompromised Children: A Single-institution Quality Improvement Initiative." Pediatric Quality & Safety 10, no. 4 (2025): e822. https://doi.org/10.1097/pq9.0000000000000822.

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Introduction: Palivizumab reduces severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection risk in immunocompromised children. However, guidance on palivizumab prophylaxis for immunocompromised children has remained vague. We developed an institutional program to allocate palivizumab in a predefined high-risk group of patients. Methods: We aimed to increase provider adherence to palivizumab administration in profoundly immunocompromised children through education, identifying clinical pharmacists, and informing primary providers of eligible patients. The primary process metric was palivizumab guidel

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Lau, Siew Yan, Boon Cheak Bee, Hin-Seng Wong, Marhanis Salihah Omar, and Norazlah Bahari. "Predictive Factors, Treatment, and Outcomes of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Peritonitis in Malaysian Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Single-Center Study." International Journal of Nephrology 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8985178.

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Aims. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are frequently isolated in peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis with a high rate of relapse and repeat peritonitis after initial response to antimicrobials. The optimal treatment regimen for CoNS peritonitis remains debatable. Hence, this study aimed to describe the clinical and microbiologic characteristics of CoNS peritonitis in a PD center and determine predictive factors influencing the outcomes. Methods. All cases of CoNS peritonitis in Selayang Hospital between 2011 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Results. A total of 906 episo

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King, D., L. W. Cheever, A. Hood, T. D. Horn, M. G. Rinaldi, and W. G. Merz. "Primary invasive cutaneous Microsporum canis infections in immunocompromised patients." Journal of clinical microbiology 34, no. 2 (1996): 460–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.34.2.460-462.1996.

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Abrahams, Alferso C., Wim Rüger, Pieter M. ter Wee, Frans J. van Ittersum, and Walther H. Boer. "Improved Outcome of Enteric Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Aged 50 Years and Older with Temporary Discontinuation of Peritoneal Dialysis and Intravenous Meropenem." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 37, no. 3 (2017): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2016.00147.

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Background Peritonitis is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and technique failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, especially when caused by enteric microorganisms (EM). We have implemented a treatment protocol specifically aimed at improving the outcome in EM peritonitis. The adapted protocol was applied in all PD patients 50 years and older presenting with peritonitis who were considered to be at risk of EM peritonitis and involves 3 interventions: 1) temporary discontinuation of PD without removing the catheter (peritoneal rest), 2) intravenous meropenem, and 3) meropenem intracat

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Balzer, Michael S., Robert Claus, Hermann Haller, and Marcus Hiss. "Are ISPD Guidelines on Peritonitis Diagnosis Too Narrow? A 15-Year Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study on PD-Associated Peritonitis Accounting for Untrained Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 39, no. 3 (2019): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2018.00179.

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Background Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis remains by far the most important complication requiring patients to transfer to hemodialysis and has a major impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Current International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) guidelines on peritonitis recommend analysis of peritonitis episodes only in trained patients. In a large tertiary care center, we analyzed peritonitis episodes accounting for different groups of untrained patients and compared these with episodes in the trained patient population. Methods We analyzed data collected prospecti

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Prasad, Narayan, Amit Gupta, Raj K. Sharma, Archna Sinha, and Ramesh Kumar. "Impact of Nutritional Status on Peritonitis in CAPD Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 27, no. 1 (2007): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080702700110.

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Objective To determine the impact of nutritional status on peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in a developing country. Methods 56 patients with end-stage renal disease on CAPD were randomly selected for this study. These patients were assessed for nutritional status and peritonitis episodes. Nutritional parameters were assessed by anthropometry, diet, body mass index (BMI), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), serum albumin level, and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Based on SGA, patients were categorized into either group 1 (malnutrition, n = 31) or group

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Htay, Htay, Yeoungjee Cho, Elaine M. Pascoe, et al. "Outcomes of Acinetobacter Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Multicenter Registry Analysis." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 38, no. 4 (2018): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2017.00199.

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Background Acinetobacter is a rare but important cause of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. As the complication has not been comprehensively evaluated previously, the present study examined the outcomes of Acinetobacter peritonitis in a large, national cohort of PD patients. Methods The study included all episodes of peritonitis in Australia from January 2004 to December 2014 using Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) data. The primary outcome was peritonitis cure and secondary outcomes were catheter removal, hemodialysis transfer, recurrent/rela

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Cheng, Ignatius K. P., Ching-Ying Chan, and Woon To Wong. "A Randomised Prospective Comparison of Oral Ofloxacin and Intraperitoneal Vancomycin plus Aztreonam in the Treatment of Bacterial Peritonitis Complicating Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 11, no. 1 (1991): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089101100107.

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Forty six patients who developed 48 episodes of peritonitis while on CAPD were randomised to receive either oral ofloxacin or intraperitoneal (i.p.) vancomycin/ aztreonam. Three patients were excluded from analysis: 2 were transferred to other hospitals and 1 was later found to have candida peritonitis. Of the remainder, 22 episodes were treated with oral ofloxacin and 23 with i.p. vancomycin/aztreonam. The primary cure rate in the oral ofloxacin and i.p. vancomycin/aztreonam group was 77.3% and 87.5% respectively. There were 3 primary failures and 2 relapses in the former and 1 failure and 2

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Noshad, Muhammad Qammar, Umair Ahmad, Atif Iqbal, Manisha Aswani, Aazma Mirza, and Muhammad Haider Ali. "Evaluation of Percutaneous Peritoneal Drainage Among Patients with High Risk Perforated Peritonitis in Tertiary Care Hospitals." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 4 (2023): 588–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023174588.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous peritoneal drainage (PPD) as a treatment option for high-risk perforated peritonitis in tertiary care hospitals. Methods: This prospective investigation was conducted at multiple centres including Department of Surgery, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College / Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur and Jinnah International Hospital, Abbottabad from August, 2022 to January, 2023. Patients with peritonitis accompanied by shock or who did not respond to initial resuscitative protocols were included in the study. Patients with primar

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Keerthi, Nemalidinne, Mohan Kumar K., Bhaskaran A., et al. "Clinical efficacy of two anti-microbials (ceftriaxone and metronidazole) versus three antimicrobials (ceftriaxone, metronidazole and amikacin) in perforative peritonitis." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 11 (2018): 3644. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20184638.

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Background: Peritonitis is classified as primary, secondary and tertiary. In primary peritonitis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis, the source of the infection is not due a breach in the gastrointestinal tract and usually caused by a single organism. Secondary peritonitis ensues, which may be localized and contained or diffuse carrying a high mortality in the absence of surgical intervention and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In contrast, secondary peritonitis following perforation of the gastrointestinal tract or an infection originating in an intra-abdo

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Dzekova-Vidimliski, Pavlina, Igor G. Nikolov, Nikola Gjorgjievski, et al. "Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis: Rate, Clinical Outcomes and Patient Survival." PRILOZI 42, no. 3 (2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2021-0034.

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Abstract Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis remains the major complication and primary challenge to the long-term success of peritoneal dialysis (PD). The study aimed to analyze the peritonitis rate, the cause, the outcomes, and the association of peritonitis with the survival of patients on peritoneal dialysis. Patient data were collected retrospectively from medical charts. A total of 96 patients received peritoneal dialysis in the PD center from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2018. Episodes of peritonitis (n=159) were registered in 54 (56.3%) patients. The study population was divided i

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Kundan, Meghraj, Ayush Agarwal, Vekhotso Nyekha, and Terry Matthews. "Beyond the Liver: Exploring the Uncommon Link between Cecal Perforation and Amebiasis." Indian Journal of Colo-Rectal Surgery 7, no. 3 (2024): 58–61. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcs.ijcs_10_24.

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ABSTRACT This case series explores the rare association between caecal perforation and amebiasis, a parasitic infection typically linked to liver abscesses. Six patients with both conditions were analyzed, revealing common presentations of high fever, abdominal pain, and peritonitis. The study highlights the diagnostic challenges, as X-rays may not always indicate bowel perforation. Management primarily involved surgical intervention, including cecal resection and ileostomy. Despite treatment, mortality remains high due to post-operative sepsis. The findings underscore the importance of early

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Levy, Maurice, J. Williamson Balfe, Denis Geary, and Sue P. Fryer-Keene. "Factors Predisposing and Contributing to Peritonitis during Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis in Children: A Ten-Year Experience." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 10, no. 4 (1990): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686089001000403.

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Factors contributing and predisposing to peritonitis were studied retrospectively in 83 children treated with continuous ambulatory (CAPD) or continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) from 1978 to 1988. Recurrent peritonitis was the most frequent complication and the major reason for peritoneal dialysis failure. Fifty patients had 171 episodes of peritonitis during the ten years and 33 remained peritonitis -free. The duration of dialysis was significantly shorter in the peritonitis-free group. The incidence of peritonitis was lower with CCPD than with CAPD. Leucopenia was not a predisposin

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Emeka, Chukwubuike Kevin. "Closure of Abdominal Incisions Following Laparotomy for Peritonitis in Children: Primary Closure or Delayed Primary Closure?" International Journal of Surgery & Surgical Techniques 6, no. 2 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ijsst-16000173.

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Background: There is need to determine the optimal management strategy for dirty abdominal surgical wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the post-operative wound complications in children whose dirty surgical wounds were closed primarily, in relation to those closed by delayed primary closure. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective evaluation of children, aged 15 years and younger, who had laparotomy for peritonitis in a teaching hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. This study covered a 5-year period. The following data were evaluated: patients’ age, gender, presenting symptoms, laborat

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Velkey, Bálint, Eszter Vitális, and Zsuzsanna Vitális. "Spontán bakteriális peritonitis." Orvosi Hetilap 158, no. 2 (2017): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2017.30637.

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Abstract: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurs most commonly in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Pathogens get into the circulation by intestinal translocation and colonize in peritoneal fluid. Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is based on elevated polymorphonuclear leukocyte count in the ascites (>0,25 G/L). Ascites culture is often negative but aids to get information about antibiotic sensitivity in positive cases. Treatment in stable patient can be intravenous then orally administrated ciprofloxacin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, while in severe cases intravenous III. g

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Bokarev, M. I., A. I. Mamykin, A. Menasria, et al. "The significance of the rate of progression of purulent peritonitis in patients with acute surgical pathology." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 102, no. 11-12 (2025): 894–900. https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2024-102-11-12-894-900.

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In recent years, the periodic literature suggests dividing peritonitis based on the speed of its development into primary peritonitis (PP) and secondary peritonitis (SP). The signiﬁcance of the speed of development of purulent peritonitis has not been studied yet.The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the rates of peritonitis development on treatment outcomes in patients with purulent peritonitis.Materials and Methods: A total of 113 patients with purulent peritonitis were analyzed. The incidence of peritonitis with varying rates of development, its etiological structure, and treatme

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Zhang, Yapu, and Li Guo. "Peritoneal Dialysis-associated Peritonitis Complicated with Intestinal Obstruction." Region - Educational Research and Reviews 6, no. 2 (2024): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/rerr.v6i2.1683.

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Objective: To investigate the clinical features of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis complicated with intestinal obstruction, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of peritonitis with intestinal obstruction. Methods: 11 patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis complicated with intestinal obstruction were recruited from January 2017 to December 2022. Their clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging manifestations, treatment plans and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Of the 11 patients, 5 were male and 6 were female; 8 had chronic glomerulonephri

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Varela, Miguel Lourenço, Mihail Mogildea, Ignacio Moreno, and Daniel Nunez. "From the Pharynx to the Abdomen: A Case of Primary Peritonitis." Acta Médica Portuguesa 31, no. 12 (2018): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.10053.

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Primary peritonitis usually occurs in patients with comorbidities previously diagnosed with ascites. However, a primary peritoneal infection in previously healthy patients may also ensue. There has been an increase in reported cases of primary peritonitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes affecting mostly women. It usually presents as a severe acute abdominal pain, which prompts surgical exploration. Although infected ascitic fluid is seen, there is no rupture. In this article, we present a case of primary peritonitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes which rapidly evolved to septic shock and acute re

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Steiner, R. W. "Acute Abdominal Events other than Primary Peritonitis in CAPD Patients." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 7, no. 2 (1987): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686088700700214.

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