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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Primate cortical movement area

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Academic literature on the topic 'Primate cortical movement area'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Primate cortical movement area"

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Lemon, Roger N. "The Cortical “Upper Motoneuron” in Health and Disease." Brain Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11050619.

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Upper motoneurons (UMNs) in motor areas of the cerebral cortex influence spinal and cranial motor mechanisms through the corticospinal tract (CST) and through projections to brainstem motor pathways. The primate corticospinal system has a diverse cortical origin and a wide spectrum of fibre diameters, including large diameter fibres which are unique to humans and other large primates. Direct cortico-motoneuronal (CM) projections from the motor cortex to arm and hand motoneurons are a late evolutionary feature only present in dexterous primates and best developed in humans. CM projections are d

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Prud'homme, M. J., D. A. Cohen, and J. F. Kalaska. "Tactile activity in primate primary somatosensory cortex during active arm movements: cytoarchitectonic distribution." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 1 (1994): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.1.173.

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1. Cells were recorded in areas 3b and 1 of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) of three monkeys during active arm movements. Successful reconstructions were made of 46 microelectrode penetrations, and 298 cells with tactile receptive fields (RFs) were located as to cytoarchitectonic area, lamina, or both. 2. Area 3b contained a greater proportion of cells with slowly adapting responses to tactile stimuli and fewer cells with deep modality inputs than did area 1. Area 3b also showed a greater level of movement-related modulation in tactile activity than area 1. Other cell properties were equ

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Martin, Ruth E., Pentti Kemppainen, Yuji Masuda, Dongyuan Yao, Gregory M. Murray, and Barry J. Sessle. "Features of Cortically Evoked Swallowing in the Awake Primate (Macaca fascicularis)." Journal of Neurophysiology 82, no. 3 (1999): 1529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.3.1529.

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Although the cerebral cortex has been implicated in the control of swallowing, the output organization of the cortical swallowing representation, and features of cortically evoked swallowing, remain unclear. The present study defined the output features of the primate “cortical swallowing representation” with intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) applied within the lateral sensorimotor cortex. In four hemispheres of two awake monkeys, microelectrode penetrations were made at ≤1-mm intervals, initially within the face primary motor cortex (face-MI), and subsequently within the cortical regions

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Lee, Daeyeol, Nicholas L. Port, Wolfgang Kruse, and Apostolos P. Georgopoulos. "Neuronal Clusters in the Primate Motor Cortex during Interceptin of Moving Targets." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 13, no. 3 (2001): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08989290151137377.

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Two rhesus monkeys were trained to intercept a moving target at a fixed location with a feedback cursor controlled bya 2-D manipulandum. The direction from which the target appeared, the time from the target onset to its arrival at the interception point, and the target acceleration were randomized for each trial, thus requiring the animal to adjust its movement according to the visual input on a trail-by-trail basis. The two animals adopted different strategies, similar to those identified previously in human subjects. Single-cell activity was recorded from the arm area of the primary motor c

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Tsujimoto, Toru, Hideki Shimazu, and Yoshikazu Isomura. "Direct Recording of Theta Oscillations in Primate Prefrontal and Anterior Cingulate Cortices." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 5 (2006): 2987–3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00730.2005.

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Recent evidence has suggested that theta-frequency (4–7 Hz) oscillations around the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and frontal cortex—that is, frontal midline theta (Fm theta) oscillations—may be involved in attentional processes in the brain. However, little is known about the physiological basis of Fm theta oscillations because invasive study in the human is allowed in only limited cases. In the present study, we developed a monkey model for Fm theta oscillations and located the generators of theta waves using electrodes implanted in various cortical areas. Monkeys were engaged in a s

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Wild, Benedict, and Stefan Treue. "Primate extrastriate cortical area MST: a gateway between sensation and cognition." Journal of Neurophysiology 125, no. 5 (2021): 1851–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00384.2020.

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Primate visual cortex consists of dozens of distinct brain areas, each providing a highly specialized component to the sophisticated task of encoding the incoming sensory information and creating a representation of our visual environment that underlies our perception and action. One such area is the medial superior temporal cortex (MST), a motion-sensitive, direction-selective part of the primate visual cortex. It receives most of its input from the middle temporal (MT) area, but MST cells have larger receptive fields and respond to more complex motion patterns. The finding that MST cells are

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Chen, Spencer C., John W. Morley, and Samuel G. Solomon. "Spatial precision of population activity in primate area MT." Journal of Neurophysiology 114, no. 2 (2015): 869–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00152.2015.

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The middle temporal (MT) area is a cortical area integral to the “where” pathway of primate visual processing, signaling the movement and position of objects in the visual world. The receptive field of a single MT neuron is sensitive to the direction of object motion but is too large to signal precise spatial position. Here, we asked if the activity of MT neurons could be combined to support the high spatial precision required in the where pathway. With the use of multielectrode arrays, we recorded simultaneously neural activity at 24–65 sites in area MT of anesthetized marmoset monkeys. We fo

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Flaherty, A. W., and A. M. Graybiel. "Corticostriatal transformations in the primate somatosensory system. Projections from physiologically mapped body-part representations." Journal of Neurophysiology 66, no. 4 (1991): 1249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1991.66.4.1249.

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1. The basal ganglia of primates receive somatosensory input carried largely by corticostriatal fibers. To determine whether map-transformations occur in this corticostriatal system, we investigated how electrophysiologically defined regions of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) project to the striatum in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Receptive fields in the hand, mouth, and foot representations of cortical areas 3a, 3b, and 1 were mapped by multiunit recording; and small volumes of distinguishable anterograde tracers were injected into different body-part representations in singl

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Georgopoulos, Apostolos P. "Spatial coding of visually guided arm movements in primate motor cortex." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 66, no. 4 (1988): 518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y88-081.

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Previous studies of the motor cortex in behaving animals were focused on the relations between the activity of single cells, usually pyramidal tract neurons, and parameters of isometric contraction (e.g., intensity of force) or parameters of movement along one axis (e.g., flexion–extension) of a single joint (e.g., elbow or wrist). However, the commonly meaningful behavioral parameter is the trajectory of the hand in extrapersonal space, which is realized by simultaneous motions about two or three joints (e.g., elbow, shoulder, wrist) and concurrent engagement of several muscles. The spatial p

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Mundinano, Inaki-Carril, Dylan M. Fox, William C. Kwan, et al. "Transient visual pathway critical for normal development of primate grasping behavior." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 6 (2018): 1364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717016115.

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An evolutionary hallmark of anthropoid primates, including humans, is the use of vision to guide precise manual movements. These behaviors are reliant on a specialized visual input to the posterior parietal cortex. Here, we show that normal primate reaching-and-grasping behavior depends critically on a visual pathway through the thalamic pulvinar, which is thought to relay information to the middle temporal (MT) area during early life and then swiftly withdraws. Small MRI-guided lesions to a subdivision of the inferior pulvinar subnucleus (PIm) in the infant marmoset monkey led to permanent de

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Primate cortical movement area"

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Marcar, Valentine Leslie. "Investigations of the cortical movement area (MT) in primates." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253171.

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Gieselmann, Marc Alwin. "The role of the primate cortical middle temporal area in visually guided hand movements." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97349655X.

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Sato, Takeshi. "Role of primary sensorimotor cortex and supplementary motor area in volitional swallowing : A movement-related cortical potential study." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147497.

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Pinches, Elizabeth Margery. "The contribution of population activity in motor cortex to the control of skilled hand movement in the primate." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391516.

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Singh, Amaya M. "Neurophysiological mechanisms of motor cortical modulation associated with bimanual movement." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3968.

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The neural correlates of bilateral upper limb movement are poorly understood. It has been proposed that interhemispheric pathways contribute to the modulation of motor cortical excitability during bimanual movements, possibly via direct connections between primary motor areas (M1), or via a central cortical structure, such as the supplementary motor area (SMA). The ability of one hemisphere to facilitate activation in the other presents a unique opportunity for motor rehabilitation programs using bilateral movements. The focus of this thesis was to investigate the mechanisms underlying bimanua

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Gieselmann, Marc Alwin [Verfasser]. "The role of the primate cortical middle temporal area in visually guided hand movements = Die Rolle des mediotemporalen Areals im Gehirn der Primaten bei visuell geführten Handbewegungen / von Marc Alwin Gieselmann." 2004. http://d-nb.info/97349655X/34.

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Côté, Sandrine. "Interactions corticales impliquées dans la production des mouvements de la main chez le singe capucin." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24594.

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Chez les primates, le raffinement des mouvements de la main est associé à l’apparition d’aires prémotrices corticales additionnelles. Chacune de ces aires prémotrices semble avoir une fonction spécialisée dans le contrôle moteur de la main, appuyant l’idée qu’elles sont apparues au cours de l’évolution afin de soutenir un répertoire comportemental accru. Afin de participer à l’exécution de ce vaste répertoire, il est suggéré que les aires prémotrices modulent les efférences du cortex moteur primaire (M1), une aire corticale jouant un rôle clé dans la production des mouvements volontaires. En e

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Books on the topic "Primate cortical movement area"

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Burke, David. Motor control: spinal and cortical mechanisms. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0003.

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There is extensive machinery at cerebral and spinal levels to support voluntary movement, but spinal mechanisms are often ignored by clinicians and researchers. For movements of the upper and lower limbs, what the brain commands can be modified or even suppressed completely at spinal level. The corticospinal system is the executive pathway for movement arising largely from primary motor cortex, but movement is not initiated there, and other pathways normally contribute to movement. Greater use of these pathways can allow movement to be restored when the corticospinal system is damaged by, e.g.

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Schlaug, Gottfried. Music, musicians, and brain plasticity. Edited by Susan Hallam, Ian Cross, and Michael Thaut. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199298457.013.0018.

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This article reviews studies on the brains of musicians. Making music not only engages primary auditory and motor regions and the connections between them, but also regions that integrate and connect areas involved in both auditory and motor operations, as well as in the integration of other multisensory information. Professional instrumentalists learn and repeatedly practice associating hand/finger movements with meaningful patterns in sound, and sounds and movements with specific visual patterns (notation) while receiving continuous multisensory feedback. Learning to associate actions with p

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Troisi, Alfonso. Touch. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199393404.003.0008.

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This chapter briefly reviews recent empirical research on touch, including the role of touch in early development, emotions that can be conveyed by touch, the importance of touch for interpersonal relationships, and how friendly touch affects compliance in different situations. Physiological and biochemical effects of touch are also reviewed, including decreased heart rate, blood pressure and cortisol, and increased oxytocin. The beneficial effects of touch, including massage therapy, for socioemotional and physical well-being are explained in light of the importance of mother–infant contact i

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Guillery, Ray. The Brain as a Tool. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806738.001.0001.

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We don’t perceive the world and then react to it. We learn to know it from our interactions with it. All inputs that reach the cerebral cortex about events in the brain, the body, or the world bring two messages: one is about these events, the other, travelling along a branch of that input, is an instruction already on its way to execution. This second message, not a part of standard textbook teaching, allows us to anticipate our actions, distinguishing them from the actions of others, and thus providing a clear sense of self. The mammalian brain has a hierarchy of cortical areas, where higher

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Mauguière, François, and Luis Garcia-Larrea. Somatosensory and Pain Evoked Potentials. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0043.

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This chapter discusses the use of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and pain evoked potentials for diagnostic purposes. The generators of SEPs following upper limb stimulation have been identified through intracranial recordings, permitting the analysis of somatosensory disorders caused by neurological diseases. Laser activation of fibers involved in thermal and pain sensation has extended the applications of evoked potentials to neuropathic pain disorders. Knowledge of the effects of motor programming, paired stimulations, and simultaneous stimulation of adjacent somatic territories has

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Skiba, Grzegorz. Fizjologiczne, żywieniowe i genetyczne uwarunkowania właściwości kości rosnących świń. The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22358/mono_gs_2020.

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Bones are multifunctional passive organs of movement that supports soft tissue and directly attached muscles. They also protect internal organs and are a reserve of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Each bone is covered with periosteum, and the adjacent bone surfaces are covered by articular cartilage. Histologically, the bone is an organ composed of many different tissues. The main component is bone tissue (cortical and spongy) composed of a set of bone cells and intercellular substance (mineral and organic), it also contains fat, hematopoietic (bone marrow) and cartilaginous tissue. Bones a

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Book chapters on the topic "Primate cortical movement area"

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Duffy, Charles J., and William K. Page. "Optic Flow and Vestibular Self-Movement Cues: Multi-Sensory Interactions in Cortical Area MST." In Optic Flow and Beyond. Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2092-6_2.

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Porter, Robert, and Roger Lemon. "Motor functions of non-primary cortical motor areas." In Corticospinal Function and Voluntary Movement. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198523758.003.0007.

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Thier, Peter, and Roger G. Erickson. "Convergence of sensory inputs on cortical area MSTI during smooth pursuit." In Multisensory Control of Movement. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198547853.003.0063.

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Merchant, Hugo, and Apostolos P. Georgopoulos. "Inhibitory Mechanisms in the Motor Cortical Circuit." In Handbook of Brain Microcircuits, edited by Gordon M. Shepherd and Sten Grillner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190636111.003.0006.

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Inhibitory mechanisms are crucial for the integrated operation of the motor cortical circuit. Local inhibition is exerted by interneurons that are GABAergic, nonpyramidal cells with short, nonprojecting axons. Interneurons can be classified into at least two groups: fast-spiking (FS) neurons and instrinsic bursting (IB) neurons. In the primary motor cortex, FS cells may sculpe the tuning dispersion of directionally selective putative pyramidal cells during reaching in behaving monkeys. Analysis of putative interneuronal activity also allowed to discard the role of inhibition as a gating mechanism in motor control. The development of high-density, semichronic electrode systems for extracellular recordings in behaving primates will allow a closer investigation of the role of interneuronal inhibition in directional tuning and voluntary motor control. The results discussed in this chapter agree with the authors’ proposal that local inhibitory mechanisms may be intimately involved in controlling the directional accuracy and speed of the reaching movement.

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Murray, Elisabeth A., Steven P. Wise, Mary K. L. Baldwin, and Kim S. Graham. "Primates of the past." In The Evolutionary Road to Human Memory. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828051.003.0006.

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In this chapter, a mummified monkey’s paw causes big trouble; a bushbaby eyes a wicked witch; and a monkey pigs out on fresh berries. But mainly we consider memories that evolved in early primates. As these ancestors adapted to a life in the trees, they became a lot like us. They developed forward-facing eyes and grasping hands; guided reaching movements with vision; moved themselves with their legs; and had a large brain. New cortical areas helped these ancestors survive by using new memories: of how to reach accurately while perched on swaying branches; of the precise amount of force needed to grasp valuable items; of the location and value of items hidden in a clutter of branches and leaves; and of objects and actions linked to a hidden food item’s desirability.

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Leigh, R. John, and David S. Zee. "The Neural Basis for Conjugate Eye Movements." In The Neurology of Eye Movements. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199969289.003.0007.

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This chapter draws on a range of studies of macaque and humans to forge an anatomical scheme for the control of gaze. At each stage, this scheme is used to predict effects of focal lesions on the control of gaze, with video examples. Contributions include the abducens nucleus, medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), and paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) to horizontal gaze; the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (RIMLF), interstitial nucleus of Cajal, and posterior commissure to vertical gaze; cerebellar flocculus, paraflocculus, dorsal vermis, fastigial nucleus, and inferior olive to adaptive optimization of gaze. Cortical control of gaze by structures including primary visual cortex (V1), middle temporal visual area (MT, V5), medial superior temporal visual area (MST), posterior parietal cortex, frontal eye fields, supplementary eye fields, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, descending pathways, thalamus, pulvinar, caudate, substantia nigra pars reticulata, subthalamic nucleus, and superior colliculus are each discussed.

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Weber, Douglas J., and Jiping He. "Adaptive behavior of cortical neurons during a perturbed arm-reaching movement in a nonhuman primate." In Progress in Brain Research. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43045-8.

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Nakajima, Ichiro, Mitsuyo Shinohara, and Hiroiku Ohba. "Movement-Related Cortical Potential Associated with Jaw-Biting Movement in the Patients with Oral Cancer after the Surgery." In Cerebral and Cerebellar Cortex – Interaction and Dynamics in Health and Disease. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96149.

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Oral cancer is first treated with surgery for the patients. In most cases, it becomes difficult for these patients to perform smooth jaw movements postoperatively, causing masticatory dysfunctions, due to the mandible excision including muscles and peripheral nerves. However, it is still unknown whether the surgery affects the brain function for jaw movement in the patients. In this study, therefore, we investigated a significance of the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) for jaw movements in the patients after the cancer surgery, to clarify the motor preparation process in the brain, as compared with healthy subjects. Eight normal subjects and seven patients with oral cancers were enrolled in the study. Experiment 1: The normal subjects were instructed to perform jaw-biting movement and hand movement, respectively. The MRCPs appeared bilaterally over the scalp approximately 1 to 2 s before the onset of muscle discharge in both movements. Experiment 2: The MRCPs appeared preoperatively in the jaw biting movement in all patients. However, the amplitudes of the MRCP decreased significantly after than before the surgery (p < 0.05). Our data indicated the dysfunction of the motor preparation process for jaw movements in the patient after the surgery, suggesting impairment of feed-forward system in the maxillofacial area.

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Grossberg, Stephen. "How We See and Recognize Object Motion." In Conscious Mind, Resonant Brain. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190070557.003.0008.

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This chapter explains why visual motion perception is not just perception of the changing positions of moving objects. Computationally complementary processes process static objects with different orientations, and moving objects with different motion directions, via parallel cortical form and motion streams through V2 and MT. The motion stream pools multiple oriented object contours to estimate object motion direction. Such pooling coarsens estimates of object depth, which require precise matches of oriented stimuli from both eyes. Negative aftereffects of form and motion stimuli illustrate these complementary properties. Feature tracking signals begin to overcome directional ambiguities due to the aperture problem. Motion capture by short-range and long-range directional filters, together with competitive interactions, process feature tracking and ambiguous motion directional signals to generate a coherent representation of object motion direction and speed. Many properties of motion perception are explained, notably barberpole illusion and properties of long-range apparent motion, including how apparent motion speed varies with flash interstimulus interval, distance, and luminance; apparent motion of illusory contours; phi and beta motion; split motion; gamma motion; Ternus motion; Korte’s Laws; line motion illusion; induced motion; motion transparency; chopsticks illusion; Johannson motion; and Duncker motion. Gaussian waves of apparent motion clarify how tracking occurs, and explain spatial attention shifts through time. This motion processor helps to quantitatively simulate neurophysiological data about motion-based decision-making in monkeys when it inputs to a model of how the lateral intraparietal, or LIP, area chooses a movement direction from the motion direction estimate. Bayesian decision-making models cannot explain these data.

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Conference papers on the topic "Primate cortical movement area"

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Sotudeh-Chafi, M., N. Abolfathi, A. Nick, V. Dirisala, G. Karami, and M. Ziejewski. "A Multi-Scale Finite Element Model for Shock Wave-Induced Axonal Brain Injury." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192342.

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) involve a significant portion of human injuries resulting from a wide range of civilian accidents as well as many military scenarios. Axonal damage is one of the most common and important pathologic features of traumatic brain injury. Axons become brittle when exposed to rapid deformations associated with brain trauma. Accordingly, rapid stretch of axons can damage the axonal cytoskeleton, resulting in a loss of elasticity and impairment of axoplasmic transport. Subsequent swelling of the axon occurs in discrete bulb formations or in elongated varicosities that

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