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Journal articles on the topic 'Principe de conciliation'
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1
Bui-Xuan, Olivia. "Conciliation de l’obligation de neutralité religieuse et du principe de non-discrimination en droit de la fonction publique." Revue du droit des religions, no. 4 (October 31, 2017): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rdr.673.
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Evain, Stéphanie. "Liberté religieuse et respect de la dignité humaine : l'exemple de la question du port du foulard islamique dans les établissements d'enseignement en France." Les Cahiers de droit 40, no. 4 (2005): 911–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043582ar.
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Oscillant entre sa qualité de principe fondateur et sa qualité de limite à la liberté religieuse, le respect de la dignité de la personne humaine pose avec acuité le problème du port du foulard islamique dans les établissements scolaires. Il imprègne toute construction juridique entourant la protection de la personne et appelle nécessairement une conciliation entre les droits et libertés qu'il légitime. Parmi elles, la liberté religieuse, élément essentiel de la liberté d'opinion étendue à la liberté de manifester et de pratiquer sa foi, peut être invoquée au nom de la dignité humaine. Or l'extériorisation des convictions religieuses ne saurait nuire à l'ordre public en général, à l'ordre interne des établissements scolaires en particulier. Ainsi, le port du foulard islamique dans l'enceinte de ces établissements, manifestation de la liberté religieuse, doit pouvoir être toléré tant qu'il ne porte pas « atteinte à la dignité [...] de l'élève ou d'autres membres de la communauté éducative » ( Avis du Conseil d'État du 27 novembre 1989 sur le port de signes religieux). L'exercice de la liberté religieuse trouve au sein même du principe qui le fonde une limite qui ne peut être évaluée à la lueur de considérations subjectives. Si la notion même de respect de la dignité humaine renvoie à une valeur absolue et intangible, son individualisation laisse la porte ouverte à toutes les interprétations relatives et évolutives.
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Michaux, Patrick. "L'Organisation Judiciaire en Polynésie Française." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 32, no. 3 (2001): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v32i3.5878.
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En Polynésie française le principe d’organisation judiciaire sont les mêmes qu’en France Métropolitaine avec cependant quelques particularités (principalement tribunal de première instance avec deux sections détachées à Raiatea pour les îles sous le vent et à Nuku-Hiva pour les Marquises, présence d’un magistrat professionnel au sein du tribunal de commerce et du tribunal du travail). La Commission de Conciliation Obligatoire en Matière Foncière dont la mission est double (instruction préalable des dossiers de litiges fonciers avant saisine de la juridiction contentieuse et médiation entre les parties, suivie d’un jugement d’homologation de l’accord éventuel) forme avec la justice foraine deux autres éléments fondamentaux et originaux de l’organisation juridictionnelle en Polynésie Française. Statuant en matière civile et pénale, pour l’archipel des îles Australes à Rurutu et à TUBUAI, pour l’archipel des Tuamotu-Gambier à Rangiroa, Hao, Mangareva et Rikitea au Marquises à Nuku-Hiva, Ua Pou et Hiva Oa la justice foraine, bien qu’encore perfectible, répond à une demande que l’on sent très forte dans l’ensemble des archipels de la Polynésie.
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Diawara, Karounga. "L’intégration des objectifs économiques et sociaux dans l’appréciation de l’exception d’efficience." Les Cahiers de droit 53, no. 2 (2012): 257–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009443ar.
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Si, dans son principe, l’exception d’efficience semble simple, puisqu’elle prévoit une mise en balance entre les effets anticoncurrentiels, d’une part, et les gains en efficience, d’autre part, sa mise en oeuvre présente néanmoins plusieurs difficultés, dont la plus importante consiste en l’équilibrage et en la pondération entre les gains en efficience et les effets anticoncurrentiels. En effet, cet équilibrage des gains en efficience et des effets anticoncurrentiels doit fondamentalement tenir compte de tous les objectifs de nature économique et sociale poursuivis par le droit canadien de la concurrence. Dès lors, la question principale que suscite cette étude est de savoir comment faudrait-il concilier les objectifs de nature économique et sociale dans l’interprétation de l’exception d’efficience ? Cette étude explore ainsi la possibilité de la réception de normes de nature sociale au sein du droit de la concurrence qui, par ses objets, est caractérisé par une forte prégnance économique. Elle a pour objet de montrer à travers l’appréciation de l’exception d’efficience qu’une conciliation des objectifs en apparence contradictoires de nature sociale et économique est possible et souhaitable. À cet effet, le critère d’équilibrage des gains en efficience et des effets anticoncurrentiels, qui concilie et intègre le mieux les objectifs économiques et sociaux dans l’appréciation de la balance d’efficience, semble être le critère du surplus modéré du consommateur que nous proposons dans la seconde partie de l’étude.
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Arboleda López, Adriana Patricia, Luis Fernando Garcés Giraldo, and J. Eduardo Murillo Bocanegra. "Principios, habilidades y virtudes para el conciliador en Derecho." Pensamiento Americano 10, no. 18 (2017): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21803/pensam.v10i18.53.
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La conciliación, como una actividad exclusiva del abogado, respecto de los centros de conciliación privados, se constitu-ye en un campo de acción ampliamente explorado por este tipo de profesionales, previo el cumplimiento de unos requisitos de formación en dicha área; sin embargo, no todo el que se forma como conciliador lo es en estricto sentido. El conciliador, adicional a la formación legal, requiere de calidades y habilidades especiales, entre las que se resaltan el tener una mentalidad preparada, abierta y responsable, con capacidad para manejar todo tipo de problemas y transformarlos en pequeñas diferencias que lo lleven a determinar el origen del conflicto que se le presenta, así como la forma de generar confianza en las partes, sin herir susceptibilidades, además de implementar estrategias de arreglo no solo desde el aspecto legal, sino desde el origen mismo del conflicto, y del sentir y querer de cada parte involucrada
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Cooke, Robin. "Party Autonomy." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 30, no. 1 (1999): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v30i1.6022.
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This is an augmented version of a paper delivered at the International Centre for Alternative Dispute Resolution, New Delhi, in December 1998. Party autonomy describes the principle whereby the parties to a dispute have full autonomy when making their arbitration agreement. The author discusses the Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 of the Parliament of India, focusing on the principle of party autonomy. He describes his formative experiences to arbitration in cases like Wellington City v National Bank of New Zealand Properties Ltd, the Arbitration and Conciliation Act itself, Indian case law before the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, and a brief look at New Zealand's Arbitration Act 1996.
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Gardiner, Georgi. "THE COMMUTATIVITY OF EVIDENCE: A PROBLEM FOR CONCILIATORY VIEWS OF PEER DISAGREEMENT." Episteme 11, no. 1 (2013): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/epi.2013.42.
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AbstractConciliatory views of peer disagreement hold that when an agent encounters peer disagreement she should conciliate by adjusting her doxastic attitude towards that of her peer. In this paper I distinguish different ways conciliation can be understood and argue that the way conciliationism is typically understood violates the principle of commutativity of evidence. Commutativity of evidence holds that the order in which evidence is acquired should not influence what it is reasonable to believe based on that evidence. I argue that when an agent encounters more than one peer, and applies the process of conciliation serially, the order she encounters the peers influences the resulting credence. I argue this is a problem for conciliatory views of disagreement, and suggest some responses available to advocates of conciliation.
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Fazaluddin, Shafi. "Conciliation and Conflict in the Meccan and Medinan Qur'an: A Thematic Study of Suras 6 to 9." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 22, no. 3 (2020): 63–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2020.0440.
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Despite its important social implications, the subject of conciliation in the Qur'an remains an under-researched field of study. This article focuses on the relationship between conciliation and conflict in Suras 6 to 9, a section of the muṣḥaf in which two Meccan suras are followed by two Medinan suras. In assessing the importance of conciliation in the Qur'an, this article considers its pervasiveness, manifestations, emphasis, and coherent thematic development. The analysis utilises two influential commentaries, the premodern Arabic exegesis by al-Rāzī (d. 606/1209) and the contemporary Urdu exegesis by Iṣlāḥī (d. 1997) which, taken together, provide complementary linguistic and structural insight. I will argue that conciliation is emphasised firstly in the Meccan component through the exemplars of prophetic restraint and divine mercy, and the central notion of iṣlāḥ. Iṣlāḥ forms the central axis around which equilibrium is maintained in the divine world order, a process of divine education in the form of revelation and prophetic instruction, which prevents and contains disputes. Secondly, Medinan injunctions highlight the importance of unity and the sanctity of maintaining peace treaties, thereby supporting the Qur'anic principle of non-compulsion in faith. In the course of analysis it becomes clear that, even during conflict (which is subject to extensive restrictions), conciliation remains of paramount importance.
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Pezet, Fabrice. "La « fiscalité de marché » : vers un nouveau concept de la Cour de justice." Gestion & Finances Publiques, no. 2 (March 2019): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/gfp.2019.00030.
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Le respect des objectifs du marché intérieur représente une limite manifeste à la compétence fiscale des États membres. La logique de cette « fiscalité de marché » est susceptible d’entrer en conflit avec les principes fiscaux nationaux organisant le système fiscal autour de la personne du contribuable. Cette divergence apparente n’exclut cependant pas toute conciliation, rendant possible une articulation nécessaire.
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Pellow, Deborah. "Muslim Segmentation: Cohesion and Divisiveness in Accra." Journal of Modern African Studies 23, no. 3 (1985): 419–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00057165.
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This is a study of feuding and conciliation, fissioning and fusing, among the constituent segments of Accra's Muslim community. It articulates the argument of legitimacy – to build a new mosque, to choose a new leader, in effect, to direct the group – and in so doing, politically delineates the principle that by excluding rivals it is feasible to gainsay power for one's own group.
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McGrath, Brian, and Thomas Navin. "Architecture as Conciliator: Toward a Unifying Principle in Architectural Education." Journal of Architectural Education 45, no. 3 (1992): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10464883.1992.10734506.
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McGrath, Brian, and Thomas Navin. "Architecture as Conciliator: Toward a Unifying Principle in Architectural Education." Journal of Architectural Education (1984-) 45, no. 3 (1992): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1425254.
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Messier, Suzanne. "Peut-on concilier politique nataliste et féminisme?" Cahiers québécois de démographie 10, no. 2 (2008): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/600853ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Après avoir présenté le contexte dans lequel s’inscrit le débat actuel au Québec, l’auteur résume les expériences menées en France et en Europe de l’Est en terme d’efficacité des politiques natalistes. Compte tenu de ces résultats et de la place qu’occupent les femmes sur le marché du travail, l’auteur évalue l’impact possible de certaines mesures natalistes appliquées au Québec. Ensuite, on présente les principes qui sous-tendent l’analyse de la maternité réalisée dans une perspective féministe. Enfin, sont précisés les éléments de politique considérés essentiels à une réelle conciliation entre le travail rémunéré et la maternité pour les femmes.
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Yulianto, Yulianto, Nana Mulyana, and Simon Sumanjoyo Hutagalung. "Adoption of Local Values for Bureaucratic Reform in Lampung Province." MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 34, no. 1 (2018): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v34i1.2854.
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Bureaucratic reform is not only dealing with structural aspects but also cultures that are difficult to change. However, it can be done by adopting the values embedded in the cultural identity of the community. This study aims to identify the local values that can be adopted to reform the bureaucracy in Lampung Province and develop those model values. Qualitative approaches are used with data collection techniques of interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions. The research location is in Lampung Province and involves research informants consist of traditional and bureaucratic leaders. Data analysis techniques used is interactive data analysis model. The research results identify 4 (four) local values, namely Piil Pesengiri (Principle of Success), Nemu Nyimah (Principle of Choice), Nengah Nyappur (Principle of Equality) and Sakai Sambayan (Principles of Cooperation). The adoption model of local values can be developed through a conciliation approach strategy. This approach is chosen because it provides guidance to change bureaucratic culture into a better effectiveness and could minimize the conflicts that may happen.
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Vitic, Zorica. "On one compositional and stylistic feature of Theodosios’ life of St. Peter of Korisa." Prilozi za knjizevnost, jezik, istoriju i folklor, no. 86 (2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pkjif2086051v.
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The paper deals with some essential functions and the significance of the parallelism - the most prominent rhetorical figure in ancient Near Eastern poetry, especially inherent to the Book of Psalms - in the construction and shaping of the central part of Theodosios? Life of St. Peter of Korisa. In this vivid description of ascetic contests with demons, presented gradually in the form of more and more fearful temptations, till Saints? final triumph and conciliation, the antithetic parallelism is used in several distinctive ways. Its broad presence in Theodosios? work proves that the principle of doubleness and repetition lies in the basis of Serbian medieval literature.
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Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. "Peace in the Islamic Tradition: One Vision, Multiple Pathways." ICR Journal 7, no. 2 (2016): 157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v7i2.261.
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This article begins by looking at peace as a theological principle, before proceeding to explore peace from various other angles, such as peace through inclusivity, peace through non-violence, peace through equity and fair treatment of others. There is also an elaborate articulation of methods for the peaceful resolution of conflicts, including counselling (nasihah), conciliation (sulh), arbitration (tahkim), forgiveness (‘afwa), and truce (alhudnah). After reviewing these, the discussion then presents a selection of Islamic legal maxims (qawa’id kulliyyah fiqhiyyah) that accentuate the primacy of peace in Islam. Legal maxims are concise epithetic declarations of principles that accentuate the higher goals and purposes of Islam. We conclude with a set of actionable recommendations.
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Braga, Tania Moreira. "Desenvolvimento local endógeno: entre a competitividade e a cidadania." Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais, no. 5 (November 30, 2001): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2001n5p23.
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Competitividade e cidadania são pressupostos presentes na maioria das propostas de desenvolvimento local da atualidade, grande parte das quais fundadas na crença em um desenvolvimento liderado e determinado endogenamente, que tem no chamado “Desenvolvimento Local Endógeno" sua sustentação teórica. Indaga-se até que ponto competitividade e cidadania podem ser conciliados, ou se estes se apresentam como estratégia discursiva que visa adicionar charme participativo à abordagem competitiva. Este artigo parte do pressuposto de que, para além da aparente conciliação ou oposição entre competitividade e cidadania, o que se encontra é um campo de conflitos no qual ambos estão presentes e do qual surgem barreiras e limitações às políticas de desenvolvimento local. Seu objetivo principal é discutir a abordagem do “Desenvolvimento Local Endógeno”, investigando sua base conceitual, suas estratégias políticas/discursivas e suas principais fragilidades. Também investiga os limites e possibilidades para a construção de políticas de desenvolvimento local com inclusão social e solidariedade.Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento local; desenvolvimento endógeno; cidadania; competitividade; exclusão social. Abstract: Competition and citizenship are key words on the major proposals of local development strategies under the approach of "Local Endogenous Development". We question if the conciliation between competition and citizenship is really possible, or if it is mainly a discursive strategy that adds a participatory discourse to a competition approach in order to create a democratic illusion. The conceptual framework we use on this paper is based on the assertion that beyond the appearing conciliation or opposition between citizenship and competition we can find a conflict field in which there are both conciliation and contradiction. These fields of conflicts end up by giving rise to a range of limits to the design and implementation of strategies of local development. Our main goal is to investigate the discursive and political strategies that reside on proposals of "Local Endogenous Development" in order to identify and analyse the limits to its design and implementation.Keywords: local development; endogenous development; competition; citizenship; social inequalities.
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Kocher, Eva. "The regulation of conflicts in the German industrial relations system: legal and extralegal institutions and procedures." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 8, no. 4 (2002): 654–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890200800405.
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The German law of conflict resolution in labour law distinguishes between legal disputes and regulatory disputes or conflicts of interest. The industrial tribunals have exclusive competence in the resolution of legal disputes; regulatory disputes can be tackled by various out-of-court mechanisms, especially collective disputes at plant level. It would contravene the constitutional principle of free collective bargaining legally to prescribe compulsory conciliation or arbitration in collective bargaining disputes. The fact that individual disputes are referred to the tribunals or courts does not mean, however, that they will necessarily be treated in a legal way and decided and result in a judgment. The tribunals work as active conciliators as well. It is an open political question how mechanisms at plant level can contribute to resolving these kinds of disputes.
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Bamodu, ’Gbenga. "Judicial Support for Arbitration in Nigeria: On Interpretation of Aspects of Nigeria's Arbitration and Conciliation Act." Journal of African Law 62, no. 2 (2018): 255–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855318000098.
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AbstractThe quality of judicial support and respect for the principle of minimum intervention are crucial factors in assessing whether a jurisdiction is attractive for arbitration. While there have been efforts to present Nigeria as an arbitration-friendly jurisdiction and an attractive arbitration venue, questions remain about the adequacy, effectiveness and certainty of legal rules concerning arbitration in Nigeria. There are also questions about the quality and efficiency of judicial support for arbitration in light of some judicial decisions affecting arbitration that have generated controversy. Through a careful analysis of key statutory provisions and judicial decisions, this article analyses support for arbitration in Nigeria in respect of selected topics, including party autonomy, upholding arbitration agreements (especially concerning the stay of judicial proceedings), the stay of arbitration proceedings and third party intervention. The article identifies scope for improvement in statutory and judicial approaches. It makes suggestions concerning both judicial approaches and reform of the statutory regimes.
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Marcil, Olivier. "La question linguistique dans la pensée de Claude Ryan au Devoir (1962-1978) : la difficile conciliation de principes nationalistes et libéraux." Mens 2, no. 2 (2014): 193–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1024609ar.
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De la Commission Laurendeau-Dunton jusqu’à la loi 101, la pensée de Claude Ryan en matière de langue démontre qu’il est possible de concilier, jusqu’à un certain point, les principes libéraux et nationalistes, mais qu’en cas de conflit majeur entre les deux, le libéralisme est, chez Ryan, une valeur supérieure au nationalisme. Si le droit d’une majorité d’imposer le respect de sa langue est légitime, ce droit doit rester soumis, dans une société démocratique, aux droits reconnus aux individus et aux minorités. Si certains droits individuels doivent être subordonnés à des droits collectifs, il ne peut s’agir pour Ryan que d’une mesure exceptionnelle et ponctuelle commandée par un esprit de justice. Dans le cas du Québec, l’orientation scolaire des néo-Québécois créait un exemple de situation injuste, car elle menaçait la survie du groupe francophone. Mais l’aménagement législatif en matière de langue s’avérera de plus en plus restrictif envers les droits historiques de la minorité anglophone et les libertés individuelles au point où, avec la loi 101, il ira trop loin pour Ryan et brisera le fragile équilibre entre le respect des droits individuels et le respect des droits collectifs qu’il a tant souhaité.
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Rahman, Arif. "Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) Kota Serang." Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 1 (2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30656/ajudikasi.v2i1.573.
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Consumer Dispute Settlement Board (BPSK) , as mentioned in the Rules No. 8 Years 1999 about Consumer Protection (UUPK) which is formed by the government, is the institution that responsible for holding and resolving disputes between consumers and businesses. The basic concept of the establishment of this institution is to handle the disputes between consumers and businesses. BPSK formation is intended to overcome the vagaries of litigation that tends to have long, formal and convoluted process with the alternative dispute resolution outside the court that is based on the principle of fast, simple and low cost. This research was conducted on Consumer Dispute Settlement Board (BPSK) Kota Serang by using normative juridical approach. The author conducted a review of literature regarding consumer protection law and the settlement of consumer disputes according to consumer protection codes which were collected and classified by the record in detail, systematic and focused on literature. Furthermore, the author conducted a descriptive analysis of data, in order to obtain a complete overview of the issues regarding the settlement of consumer disputes at BPSK Kota Serang.The Results of this research conducted by the author suggest a role of BPSK Serang in solving consumer disputes according to the Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection can be resolved in three ways, which are conciliation, mediation and arbitration on the basis of selection and consent of the parties to the dispute. Verdict forms of conciliation methods and mediation are final and binding, without having to request fiat execution to the local court, while the form of the decision taken by arbitration method has to be requested fiat execution to the local Court for the arbitration award to have the executorial power. Additionally, arbitration decision of BPSK council also still has opportunities for the objection to the District Court, counted before passing 14 (fourteen) days after the arbitration decision was notified to the parties , for the party who did not accept the decision of the BPSK’s council.
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Kitay, Jim, and Paul Mccarthy. "Justice Staples and the Politics of Australian Industrial Arbitration." Journal of Industrial Relations 31, no. 3 (1989): 310–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568903100302.
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A full explanation of the difficulties experienced by Justice Staples during his career on the former Australian Conciliation and Arbitration Commission requires an understanding of the political relationship between the tribunal and its client parties and other branches of the state. It is argued that during times of political and industrial uncertainty there are strong pressures on industrial tribunals to operate in a flexible, opportunistic manner. Staples, however, based a number of his decisions on legal, social and industrial principles that he considered just and proper for the discharge of his office, but which conflicted with the interests of unions, employers, governments and even other members of the commission. His reliance on the principle of judicial autonomy did not deter his opponents from seeking to discipline and finally remove him from the bench. This incident was but the most recent of a number of similar episodes this century, which raises as yet unanswered questions about the extent to which industrial tribunals are and should be free from external intervention.
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Lavoie, Bertrand. "La tension sociojuridique entre laïcité et multiculturalisme : Le bijuridisme comme clé de compréhension des débats québécois sur le rapport entre le droit et la religion." Recherche 57, no. 2-3 (2016): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038431ar.
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Le Québec a été le théâtre, au cours des dernières années, de débats concernant l’aménagement juridique et politique de la diversité religieuse, soulevant des questionnements légitimes sur la conciliation des exigences relatives à la neutralité religieuse de l’État et celles relevant de la reconnaissance juridique de l’identité religieuse. Dans cet article, l’auteur défend l’idée selon laquelle le bijuridisme peut servir de clé de compréhension d’une tension entre laïcité et multiculturalisme. Le multiculturalisme en droit canadien permet d’offrir des réponses qui s’agencent bien avec des caractéristiques fondatrices de la tradition juridique de la common law d’origine anglaise, plus encline à concevoir des décisions contextualisées et personnalisées, par exemple l’accommodement raisonnable. De son côté, la laïcité telle que parfois représentée dans les débats au Québec peut trouver écho dans la tradition de droit civil d’origine française, où le recours à des référents abstraits et surplombants est plus fréquent, comme des déclarations de principes à portée universelle. Selon l’analyse proposée, l’existence d’une tension entre laïcité et multiculturalisme permettrait ainsi de saisir la difficile intériorisation du caractère mixte du droit québécois au sein de la culture juridique québécoise, illustrant ainsi la prégnance des « deux solitudes » du bijuridisme.
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Rasyid, Abdul. "Relevance of Islamic Dispute Resolution Processes in Islamic Banking and Finance." Arab Law Quarterly 27, no. 4 (2013): 343–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730255-12341267.
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Abstract In the Islamic legal system, the ways in which disputes are resolved generally fall under two categories. The first category is through litigation, namely in Islamic courts (al-qaḍāʾ or adjudication), and the second is through amicable means such as negotiation, conciliation and compromise (naṣīḥah or sincere advice), mediation (ṣulḥ), arbitration (taḥkīm), mediation along with arbitration (ṣulḥ and taḥkīm), an ombudsman (muḥtasib), expert determination (Mufti’s fatwā, pl. fatāwā), etc. These mechanisms are called alternative dispute resolution (ADR) that refers to a range of dispute resolution processes which are alternative to traditional litigation. Over time, the term ADR is now coming to mean ‘appropriate dispute resolution’ or the most appropriate resolution process in the given circumstances. One of the principal goals of ADR is to provide parties with choices for the effective and efficient resolution of disputes. The above-mentioned dispute resolution processes have different characteristics. This article will discuss only the relevant mechanisms with a view to examine how far they may be suitable to resolve Islamic banking and finance disputes effectively, cheaply and quickly.
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Caroline Marsola, Flavia, Luis Henrique Ramos Alves, and Arthur Leonardo Silva Morais. "CONTRATOS DE LOCAÇÃO RESIDENCIAIS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: AS INFLUÊNCIAS DA NEGOCIAÇÃO, CONCILIAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO COMO RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS." Colloquium Socialis 4, no. 4 (2021): 116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/cs.2020.v4.n4.s115.
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This scientific article has the principal goal to demonstrate the significance of settlement and mediation in the litigious procedure that involve tenant relationship, show the influences of World pandemic in the successive treaty, the rent contracts and the theory of unpredictability. To reach the goals we searched the juridical concept about referred institutes, jurisprudence about the themes, law projects and legislation in effect. The 2020 year indeed was an atypical year in the World’s population life for we are living in a pandemic that transformed the whole society habits. The Pandemic brought to us the social distancing, that was considered the most effective way to avoid the virus proliferation. However, this social distancing created several impacts on the society, mainly in the juridical area. In that impacts there are the tenant relationship, which suffered serious consequences, owing to people are not profiting anymore.Sohow can it be solved before the process that we are passing? Thereunto, we have the conclusion that the most effective and balanced method would be utilize alternative ways of conflict resolution, whatever they are, mediation and conciliation.
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Artiukhina, V. A., V. V. Nagaitsev, E. V. Pustovalova та A. N. Shrayber. "ПРИНЦИП СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТИ В КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИИ". Konfliktologia 13, № 4 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/2310-6085-2018-13-4-9-21.
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The article discusses the possibility of applying the principle of social justice in conflict study. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the essential characteristics of the phenomenon of social justice, its social content and specificity. The methodological analysis of the problem of social justice in different knowledge areas is carried out: in the socio-philosophical discourse in the context of the relationship between being and proper; in the economics in terms of its role in the distribution of resources and benefits, opportunities for motivation to work, ways to meet individual needs, etc.; in the aspect of legal science as a tool for reconciliation and a way to regulate social relations; in political science as a principle of action in the organization of power and the establishment of a political regime, as well as a means of unity in the community of citizens, fundamental values, etc. A significant place is given to the study of problems related to the application of the principle of social justice in the conflict resolution, relevance, and often necessary, the use of this principle in the agreement of interests of the conflicting parties. However, the problem is its subjectivity associated with the possible discrepancy between the expectations of the conflict parties, usually associated with the lack of monitoring of needs or preliminary standardization of relations. It is also noted that difficulties in application the principle of justice may arise at all stages of the conflict and require its correct use. At the same time, the article shows the importance and need to address the phenomenon of social justice to ensure optimal social interaction, which is reflected in contemporary conflict study. Contemporary theoretical approaches, such as drama theory by George C. Homans, based on the understanding of social justice of the actions of the parties to the conflict. The applied level in conflict study is also based on the algorithms of conciliation procedures related to ensuring a sense of social justice for the conflict parties. This is what makes it possible to achieve success in regulating conflict relations in all spheres of society.
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Perry, Brea L., Emma Frieh, and Eric R. Wright. "Therapeutic Social Control of People with Serious Mental Illness: An Empirical Verification and Extension of Theory." Society and Mental Health 8, no. 2 (2017): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156869317725891.
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Mental health services and psychiatric professional values have shifted in the past several decades toward a model of client autonomy and informed consent, at least in principle. However, it is unclear how much has changed in practice, particularly in cases where client behavior poses ethical challenges for clinicians. Drawing on the case of clients’ sexual behavior and contraception use, we examine whether sociological theories of “soft” coercion remain relevant (e.g., therapeutic social control; Horwitz 1982) in contemporary mental health treatment settings. Using structured interview data from 98 men and women with serious mental illness (SMI), we explore client experiences of choice, coercion, and the spaces that lie in between. Patterns in our data confirm Horwitz’s (1982) theory of therapeutic social control but also suggest directions for updating and extending it. Specifically, we identify four strategies used to influence client behavior: coercion, enabling, education, and conciliation. We find that most clients’ experiences reflect elements of ambiguous or limited autonomy, wherein compliance is achieved by invoking therapeutic goals. However, women with SMI disproportionately report experiencing intense persuasion and direct use or threat of force. We argue that it is critical to consider how ostensibly noncoercive and value-free interventions nonetheless reflect the goals and norms of dominant groups.
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Carabetta, Giuseppe. "International Labour Law Standards Concerning Collective Bargaining in Public Essential Services." Deakin Law Review 19, no. 2 (2014): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2014vol19no2art434.
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Labour standards adopted under the auspices of the ILO constitute the principal international influences on public sector collective bargaining; it is those standards that are the subject of this article. Focusing on the position of essential public sector employees, ILO principles concerning collective bargaining, dispute settlement and the right of workers to withdraw their services as part of bargaining are examined. Particular attention is devoted to the application of ILO standards to essential public sector employees and police officers; and the extent to which Australian law complies with these standards. The ILO supervisory bodies have acknowledged that restrictions on the general right of workers to collectively bargain and to strike can be justified in the case of essential public employees, but only on a minimal or proportional analysis. The ILO has also emphasised that any restrictions on the right to strike must be compensated by adequate, impartial and speedy conciliation and arbitration processes. It is shown, however, that with respect to essential public employees and police officers operating under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth), Australian law falls short on both of these scores, with a resultant uncertainty regarding the right of these workers to bargain collectively.
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Mitchell, Richard. "The Preference Power and the Practice of the Federal Industrial Tribunal, 1904-1970." Journal of Industrial Relations 29, no. 1 (1987): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568702900101.
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The power to award preference to unionists pursuant to the Commonwealth Con ciliation and Arbitration Act, 1904 is potentially of great importance to the trade union movement. When such a power is exercised it may extend to union members an advan tage over non-unionists across a broad range of employment rights, including engage ment, promotion, taking of leave and retrenchment. It is argued that the power to grant preference has been misunderstood and misapplied by those responsible for its implementation, and that unionists have thereby been deprived of benefits to which they were legally and ethically entitled. It is argued further that the supposed 'principles' adopted in preference cases have been inadequately identified and analysed. In practice one principle has prevailed: preference would be refused unless an employer could be shown to be actively discriminating against union members. Opportunity for a revision of the principles applicable in preference cases arose with the passage of the 1947 amendments to the Conciliation and Arbitration Act. However, the impact of these amendments was to all intents and purposes negated by the High Court's decisions in R. v. Wallis and R. v Findlay. A disinclination to revise past practice in preference cases and to take a more expansive approach to the issue led to the complete demise of federal union interest in preference awards by the late 1960s.
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Kooijmans, P. H. "The Mountain Produced a Mouse: The CSCE Meeting of Experts on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Valletta 1991." Leiden Journal of International Law 5, no. 1 (1992): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002004.
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From the very beginning peaceful settlement of disputes has been on the agenda of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Principle V of the first chapter of the Final Act of Helsinki of 1975 (the so-called first basket) reaffirmed the obligation of the participating states to settle their disputes by peaceful means. The Final Act, however, does not provide a mechanism through which such disputes can be resolved. The Swiss delegation had submitted in 1973 a draft-convention (called the Bindschedler-proposal after its auctor intellectualis Rudolf Bindschedler, the Legal Advisor of the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs), containing a detailed system of compulsory dispute settlement. A distinction was made between judiciable and non-judiciable disputes. Judiciable disputes would be submitted to a permanent Arbitral Tribunal, non-judiciable disputes to a permanent Commission of Inquiry, Mediation and Conciliation. This proposal was, however, unacceptable to the East European states (with the exception of Romania) which had always rejected the idea of compulsory third-party dispute settlement, whereas the greaterpart of the Western states, although in principle favourable to a system of compulsory dispute settlement, had serious objections against the substance of the Swiss proposal, inter alia with regard to the rather artificial distinction between judiciable and non-judiciable disputes. The Swiss delegation did not insist on its proposal and went along with a clause in the Final Act which provided for a follow-up meeting of experts with the task “to pursue the examination and elaboration of a generally acceptable method for the peaceful settlement of disputes aimed at complementing existing methods”. It was decided that this meeting of experts was to be convened by Switzerland afterthe first follow-up meeting which was planned for 1977 in Belgrade.
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Caron, Madeleine. "LA COMMISSION DES DROITS DE LA PERSONNE DU QUÉBEC : CINQ ANNÉES DE LUTTE POUR LE DROIT À L’ÉGALITÉ." Droits de la personne 12, no. 2 (2019): 335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059405ar.
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La Commission des droits de la personne du Québec est un organisme administratif chargé d’appliquer la Charte des droits et libertés de la personne mise en vigueur en 1976. Cette Charte est une loi fondamentale, en premier lieu, par l’étendue des droits qu’elle consacre : droits fondamentaux classiques, dont le droit à l’égalité, droits politiques, judiciaires et droits économiques et sociaux; en second lieu, parce que les dispositions de la Charte sur le droit à l’égalité et sur les droits judiciaires prévalent sur toute disposition d’une loi postérieure à moins que le législateur n’ait exprimé explicitement son intention contraire, en disant que la loi s’applique malgré la Charte. Pour promouvoir les principes de la Charte, la Commission prend les moyens suivants. Quand une personne ou un groupe de personnes se plaint d’un acte de discrimination, soit de la part de l’État, soit de la part d’une personne privée, elle fait enquête, et pour cela elle peut contraindre toute personne à témoigner devant elle. Elle tente la conciliation entre les personnes en cause et, en cas d’échec, recommande formellement la cessation de l’acte reproché, l’accomplissement d’un acte ou le paiement d’une indemnité. En dernier recours, elle prend fait et cause de la victime et s’adresse aux tribunaux pour obtenir une injonction ou l’indemnité dont elle avait recommandé le paiement. Organisme essentiellement administratif, la Commission est parfois qualifiée d’organisme quasi judiciaire, notamment quand elle décide de sa compétence et contraint les témoins. Outre l’exercice de ses pouvoirs d’enquête, la Commission analyse la législation québécoise en fonction de sa conformité aux principes de la Charte et fait des recommandations au gouvernement. Enfin, la Commission coopère avec les groupes, reçoit leurs suggestions, fait de l’éducation aux droits de la personne, devenant ainsi, de par la volonté même du législateur québécois, un agent de changement social.
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Clarke, Jeremy A. "Beyond the Democratic Dialogue, and Towards a Federalist One: Provincial Arguments and Supreme Court Responses in Charter Litigation." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 2 (2006): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906060112.
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Abstract.A vigorous debate surrounding the “democratic dialogue” has done much for the understanding of our post-Charter parliamentary democracy. At the same time, it has diverted valuable attention from the settlement of the Charter with Canada's other constitutional pillar: federalism. This paper argues that the reconciliation of the Charter's national standards with the provincial diversity recognized by our federal Constitution is given expression by a federalist dialogue, occurring alongside, and even before, its democratic counterpart. An examination of several recent cases before the Supreme Court in which provincial policies have been impugned by the Charter provides evidence that provincial governments and the principles of federalism have a role to play in Charter interpretation, and that this role is often conceded by the Supreme Court in response to provincial factums. This discussion does not conclude the grand questions of federalism in the Charter era, but it does raise some definitive questions to propel the debate.Résumé.Le débat rigoureux concernant le “ dialogue démocratique ” a grandement contribué à la compréhension de notre démocratie parlementaire post-Charte. Au même moment, cependant, ce débat détourne de l'attention de la conciliation de la Charte avec l'autre pilier constitutionnel, le fédéralisme. Cet article défend que la réconciliation des standards nationaux de la Charte avec la diversité des provinces, reconnue par notre constitution fédérale, prend voix par le biais d'un dialogue portant sur les principes du fédéralisme qui se manifeste parallèlement, et même avant, son analogue démocratique. Une étude de plusieurs cas récents devant la Cour Suprême dans lesquels les politiques provinciales ont été contestées par la Charte démontre que les gouvernements provinciaux ainsi que les principes du fédéralisme ont un rôle à jouer dans l'interprétation de la Charte, et que ce rôle est souvent accordé à la Cour Suprême en réponse aux mémoires provinciaux. Par elle-même, cette discussion ne résolut pas les grandes questions du fédéralisme dans la Charte, mais elle soulève néanmoins des questions importantes qui relancent le débat.
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Marion Spengler, Fabiana, Fernando Augusto Marion Spengler, and Pedro Henrique Marion Spengler. "La autocomposición como mecanismo adecuado para resolver/administrar los litigios derivados de la implementación de las políticas de salud pública." Revista Derecho y Salud | Universidad Blas Pascal, no. 4 (May 30, 2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37767/2591-3476(2020)02.
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El tema de este artículo es la autocomposición. El principal problema de investigación que debe responderse es el siguiente: ¿es la autocomposición un mecanismo adecuado para administrar/resolver los litigios derivados de la no implementación de las políticas de salud pública? La hipótesis responde afirmativamente al problema de la investigación. Del problema surge el objetivo: analizar la autocomposición como un procedimiento adecuado para administrar/resolver los litigios derivados de la no implementación de las políticas de salud pública. Se utilizó, el método deductivo como método de abordaje. Como método de procedimiento se utilizó el método monográfico y como técnica de investigación se aplicó la bibliográfica. La conclusión principal se refiere a la confirmación de la hipótesis en el sentido de que la autocomposición, ejemplificada por la mediación y la conciliación, es el mecanismo adecuado para administrar/resolver litigios derivados de la implementación y práctica de las políticas de salud pública.
This article focuses on self-composition as a mechanism for managing / resolving disputes arising from public health policies. The main research problem to be answered is: is self-composition an adequate mechanism to manage / resolve disputes arising from the non-implementation of public health policies? The main hypothesis answers the research problem in the affirmative. From the research problem is born the objective: to analyze self-composition as an appropriate procedure to manage / resolve disputes arising from the non-implementation of public health policies. To meet the proposed objective, the deductive method was used as approach method. As a method of procedure the monographic method was used and as a research technique the bibliographic method was applied. The main conclusion concerns the confirmation of the hypothesis that self-composition, exemplified by mediation and conciliation, is an appropriate mechanism to manage / resolve disputes arising from the implementation and practice of public health policies.
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Magonet, Jonathan. "Editorial." European Judaism 53, no. 2 (2020): v—ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2020.530201.
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This issue contains the papers given at a special conference held at Leo Baeck College (22 May 2019), ‘Albert Friedlander: Comprehension, Compassion and Conciliation’, reflecting on his life and achievements. Among his many activities and achievements, Rabbi Dr Albert Friedlander z’l (1927–2004) was editor of this journal (1982–2004) and we marked his passing with many personal tributes (European Judaism 37, no. 2 [Autumn 2004], 103–122). However, this conference provides an opportunity to explore different aspects of his life and work. Originally conceived by Rabbi Dr Frank Dabba Smith in conversations with Evelyn Friedlander, he organised it together with Professor Michael Berkowitz, UCL, Rabbi Dr Deborah Kahn-Harris, Principal of Leo Baeck College, and Cassy Sachar, the Senior Librarian of the College, who developed an exhibition based on following traces of Rabbi Friedlander’s activities to be found in the library. As well as the papers included here, there was a panel chaired by Rabbi Dr Charles H. Middleburgh, Dean and Director of Studies of the College, including memories from Rabbi Colin Eimer, Rabbi Ariel Friedlander (via video link) and Rabbi Awraham Soetendorp. Evelyn Friedlander was interviewed by Frank Dabba Smith; it was fortunate that she could participate as she was frail due to ill health. Concluding remarks were given by Professor Lord John Alderdice (Director, Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict, Harris-Manchester College, Oxford University). Plans are underway for a further conference, broadening the theme.
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Parisien, Manon, Kareen Nour, Anne-Marie Belley, Ginette Aubin, Véronique Billette, and Bernadette Dallaire. "Participe-présent : co-construction d’un programme visant la participation communautaire des aînés qui vivent des difficultés psychosociales." Santé mentale au Québec 42, no. 1 (2017): 183–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040250ar.
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Contexte Plusieurs aînés québécois vivent avec des problèmes de santé mentale (PSM) ou des difficultés psychosociales telles que l’isolement, le deuil et la détresse psychologique. Ces personnes cumulent plusieurs formes d’exclusion sociale. Cet article relate le développement et décrit les composantes d’un programme visant à promouvoir la participation communautaire de cette population. Méthode Une démarche de co-construction de pratiques innovantes en promotion de la santé a été utilisée en vue de développer un programme ayant un large potentiel de déploiement. Le processus a inclus plusieurs étapes : l’analyse de besoins, le développement d’un modèle logique, la validation des outils d’intervention par un comité d’experts et la mise à l’essai du programme. Ces étapes ont permis l’ajustement continu de l’intervention en fonction de la rétroaction des parties prenantes. RésultatsParticipe-présent vise à favoriser l’utilisation des ressources de la communauté susceptibles de fournir des occasions d’activités et des espaces de contacts sociaux aux aînés aux prises avec des difficultés psychosociales, avec ou sans PSM. Fondé sur l’approche par les forces, il propose : un entretien individuel, un atelier de huit rencontres, des visites de ressources communautaires et une activité collective de communication médiatique. La mise à l’essai pilote par cinq organismes a montré l’aspect prometteur du programme. Conclusion Le principal levier du projet a été la conciliation des expertises pratiques, conceptuelles et expérientielles des collaborateurs. Le projet a fait face à des défis, notamment des facteurs contextuels tels que l’organisation des services en santé mentale pour les aînés. Des études additionnelles sont nécessaires pour vérifier l’efficacité du programme.
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Garske, Joseph P. "Anglophone, Civilian, and Islamic Legal Cultures: Three Views of Human Trust in the Age of Technology and Globalization." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 3 (2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i3.p21-31.
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:The project to construct a global regimen of law raises questions about whether human relations of personal trust continue to be relevant—especially, in a technologically mediated reality of atomized social connections. Some answers may be found by comparing the role of trust in the fundamental premise of each of the three historic legal cultures, Anglophone, Civilian, and Islamic. In fact, the understanding of human trust works differently in each of those legal regimes. One has a pejorative view of human nature, trusting its tendency to reprobation. Another trusts the faculty of human reason, its potential for growth and development, but mistrusts human subjectivity. The third is based on confidence in the natural human capacities, including bonds of personal trust. These differences began with the historical origin of each tradition. One, born as a system of legal commerce, was based on collegiality. One, produced by scholars and philosophers, was based on ideals and principles. One universalized its sacred teachings by combining them with patterns of reciprocity and accord that had existed earlier among tribes and peoples. Their different assumptions about human nature resulted in different conceptions of what law is, the method it should employ, and the purpose it can serve. Each tradition operates within its population on a different principle. In contrast with one another, they represent, respectively, faith and obedience, reason and order, justice and conciliation. As technology penetrates national borders, transcending barriers of topography and distance, it has brought these three traditions together. The conflict arising from that encounter raises profound questions about what form of legal culture will eventually predominate, what conception of human nature will prevail, and what level of human trust will define the global age.
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Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 5 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i5a2450.
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The last issue of 2013 consists of fourteen contributions dealing with a potpourri of topics. The first two articles are both by the same author. In the first one, André Louw addresses the recent, sometimes deplorable conduct of intellectual property (or IP) lawyers, and in the second one, André Louw explores the proper role and meaning of good faith (or bona fides) in contract law, and the approach of our courts to the application of this principle in individual cases involving claims of unfairness and the like. The third article, by Rufaro Mavunga, critically assesses the Minimum Age Convention 138 of 1973 and the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention 182 of 1999. Nicholas Orago, in the fourth article, discusses socio-economic rights in Kenya and proposes that if the entrenched socio-economic rights are to achieve their transformative objectives, Kenyan courts must adopt a proportionality approach in the judicial adjudication of socio-economic rights disputes. The fifth article, by Oliver Fuo, explores and critically investigates the relevance and potential of integrated development planning in contributing towards the achievement of social justice in South Africa. Next, Michaela Young discusses the fate of informal fishers in the context of the Policy for the Small-Scale Fisheries Sector in South Africa. The second-last article, by Hermanus van der Merwe, provides a historical and teleological overview of the crime of direct and public incitement to commit genocide under international law, as well as the definitional elements thereof as interpreted and applied by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, before he continues to examine it in contemporary South African law. The last article, by Chuma Himonga, Max Taylor and Anne Pope, explores the scope and content of the ever elusive concept of ubuntu, as pronounced on by the judiciary in various cases, and demonstrates that its fundamental elements of respect, communalism, conciliation and inclusiveness enhance the constitutional interpretation landscape.
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Smirnov, A. V., V. A. Dobronravov, M. S. Khrabrova, and B. V. Afanasyev. "Kidney involvement in monoclonal gammopathies: multidisciplinary approach in oncohematology and nephrology." Oncohematology 15, no. 2 (2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2020-15-2-49-60.
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The pathogenetic relationship of kidney damage and an aberrant clone of the B-cell line producing nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin underlies the concept of “monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance” (MGRS). Herein the aberrant clone does not reach the criteria necessary for initiating antitumor therapy according to oncohematological indications. MGRS is a new nosology in modern nephrology and oncohematology. Monoclonal protein’s pathological effects on kidney parenchyma result in irreversible decline of kidney function till the end stage renal disease that in line with the position of International Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists determinates critical necessity for clone specific treatment in patients with MGRS despite the absence of hematological indications for treatment initiation. Main challenge of MGRS in Russian Federation is an inaccessibility of an in-time diagnostic and appropriate treatment for the great majority of patients due to the following reasons: i) limited knowledge about the MGRS among hematologists and nephrologists; ii) lack of necessary diagnostic resources in most health-care facilities; iii) lack of approved clinical recommendations and medical economic standards for treatment of this pathological entity. In order to overcome these limitations, leading oncohematologists and nephrologists of the Russian Federation on behalf of professional communities at the end of 2019 published a conciliation document: “Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists of Russia on the establishment of nosology, diagnostic approach and rationale for clone specific treatment”. Consensus document comprises the opinion of experts – leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russian Federation – on the problem of MGRS including the incoherence in nosology classification, diagnostics approach and rationale for clone specific treatment. Consensus document is based on conclusions and agreements reached during the conference of leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russia which was held in the framework of symposia “Plasma cell dyscrasias and lymphoproliferative diseases: modern approaches to therapy”, 15–16 of March 2019, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia. Consensus is intended to define the principal practical steps to resolve the problem of MGRS in Russian Federation that are summarized as final clauses which we present here.
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Goodwin, Robert E. "Dākṣiṇya and Rasa in the Vikramorvaśīya". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 120, № 2 (1988): 288–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00141590.
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This verse comes at the end of the 2nd Act of Kālidāsa's Vikramorvaśīya (hereafter V). It is spoken by the royal hero Purūravas moments after his wife Auśīnarī has left the scene in a jealous pique, refusing to accept his anunaya, his attempt at conciliation. Auśīnarī had confronted him with evidence of his affair with the apsaras Urvaśī, a love-verse that the nymph had inscribed on a piece of birch-bark. Urvaśī had by then already left the lovely palace garden where she had appeared to him beyond his hopes (for how can a mortal expect a liaison with a divinity?), called back to Indra's palace to act the principal role in a play called Lakṣmī's Svayaṃvara. The King had entrusted the piece of bark to the Vidūṣaka's safekeeping, but of course the latter—true to his name of “spoiler”—had dropped it, leaving it to be discovered by Auśīnarī and her maid. At first the hero tries to deny that the inscribed message has anything to do with him, but this is hardly convincing. Furthermore, the Vidūṣaka's attempts at camouflage only succeeded in underscoring his friend's guilt. But “No,” Ausmari responds, “you haven't transgressed. It is I who transgress with my disagreeable presence. I'll go!” With this she plays her trump card, and Purūravas can only play his. He admits his guilt, but only formulaically, only by invoking a gallant convention: he is and has always been her slave, and when the mistress is angry then surely the slave is guilty. Saying this, he falls at her feet, but she turns her back on him and leaves. The Vidūṣaka remarks that this is all to his favour since he will no longer have to camouflage his affair, but Purūravas rejects this callous notion. His respect (bahumāna) for Auśīnarī is genuine. He does not want to hurt her and regrets that his gallantry cannot soothe her. Thus he utters the lines I have quoted above.
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Hiner, Hillary, and María José Azócar. "Irreconcilable Differences." Latin American Perspectives 42, no. 3 (2015): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x15570884.
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The politics of national reconciliation during the transitional period of the 1990s in Chile constructed a hegemonic framework that affected discourses in other domains in multilayered ways. In order to achieve consensus among its various factions, the Concertación used “reconciliation” discourse to portray the nation as a family, and potentially divisive issues were framed in the most apolitical, ahistorical, and technical way. In this context, gender violence was construed as a matter of family and individual liberties, and the objective of the first family violence law was maintaining the family intact. The framework of reconciliation and its association with Christian forgiveness and family unity promoted the use of conciliation rather than sentencing as the primary means of settling domestic violence disputes and made it difficult for those affected by gender violence to achieve justice. However, the foundational discourses of the 1990s served an important purpose in opening up discursive spaces on gender violence that could be further refined.Las políticas de reconciliación nacional durante el periodo de transición de los 1990 en Chile armaron un marco hegémonico que afectó el discurso en otros campos de múltiples maneras. Para lograr el consenso entre sus diferentes facciones, la Concertación usó el discurso de la “reconciliación” para describir la nación como una familia y los temas que pudieran suscitar discrepancias fueron enmarcados de la manera más apolítica, ahistórica y técnica. En este contexto, la violencia de género fue interpretada como una cuestión de libertades individuales y de la familia, y el objetivo de la primera ley sobre violencia familiar fue mantener a la familia unida. El marco de reconciliación y su asociación con el perdón cristiano y la unidad familiar promovieron el uso de la conciliación en lugar de la sanción penal como el medio principal para resolver las disputas de violencia doméstica. Esto hizo difícil que aquellas personas afectadas por la violencia de género recibieran justicia. Sin embargo, los discursos fundacionales de los 1990 sirvieron para abrir más espacios de discusión sobre la violencia de género, y ésto es algo que podría ser profundizado.
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Makungu, Ursil Lelo Di, Daddy Bogole Bolimia, Juvénal Madigo Ntekenge, et al. "Notion d’intérêt public et avenir de la conservation de la nature en République Démocratique du Congo." Recht in Afrika 22, no. 1 (2019): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6270-2019-1-97.
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La gouvernance durable des aires protégées est généralement motivée au nom de l’intérêt général en dépit de l’imprécision juridique qui caractérise cette notion. Afin d‘assurer cette gouvernance durable pour la conservation des aires protégées, la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), a besoin non seulement des moyens matériels, financiers et humains, mais surtout des politiques publiques clairement définies et orientées vers la conservation durable de ses ressources matérialisées dans un instrument juridique sectoriel. Par ailleurs, la loi n°14/003 du 11 février 2014 relative à la conservation de la nature apparait comme le véritable instrument efficace et adapté de la concrétisation et de la mise en œuvre de la politique publique en matière de gestion durable des aires protégées. Cependant l’usage arbitraire de cette notion d’intérêt général sans contenu juridique clair risque de paraître plutôt comme une géomancie juridique et administrative pour porter atteinte à la conservation de la nature, à la suite de l’absence de l’échelle de valeur pour mieux cerner d’une part, les mesures de conservation et de l’autre, les dérogations à ces mesures. Suite à cette difficulté d’évaluation des valeurs liées à la conservation et aux restrictions y afférentes, le législateur entretient un flou offrant ainsi un pouvoir exorbitant au pouvoir public à l’Etat et aux entités territoriales au nom de l’intérêt de pouvoir. Certains acteurs de la politique publique s’accordent des pouvoirs arbitraires au nom de cet intérêt afin de substituer une zone de conservation à une autre activité contraire aux objectifs et principes de conservation durable des aires protégées. Cette étude entend aborder la notion d’intérêt public qui du reste, sujette à des diverses appréhensions et conception tant par le pouvoir public que par l’opinion publique, suite à sa vitalité dans une perspective spatio-temporelle. Les indicateurs de l’analyse de conciliation du concept d’intérêt public au contexte du droit congolais de la conservation de la nature révèlé plutôt être une pure supercherie intellectuelle instaurée par le législateur et dont le pouvoir public s’en sert pour enfreindre les mesures de conservation de la nature. C’est autour de toute ces questions que la présente étude à bien voulu répondre aux préoccupations de la compréhension de la notion d’intérêt public, son contenu, ses critères et fonctions, son utilité, le lien qu’il entretien avec le droit de la conservation et son avenir dans le domaine de la conservation de la nature en RDC.
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Rodrigues da Costa, Felipe, Miquel Torregrossa, António Figueiredo, and Antonio Jorge Gonçalves Soares. "Make it easier: A narrative review of dual-career empirical studies (Hacerlo más fácil: Una revisión narrativa de estudios empíricos sobre carrera dual)." Retos, no. 41 (December 9, 2020): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i41.81906.
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A dual career is a challenge faced by many athletes, who have to compaginate their sports training with the dedication required for study, work, or both. A narrative review was conducted to identify and analyze barriers to and resources for the routine of elite athletes. Eleven databases available in the Capes Journal Platform (Portal Capes) were searched using the keywords “dual career” and “athletes,” written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Twenty-two articles that met the established inclusion criteria and categories based on the characteristics of their samples were analyzed. The analysis showed that athletes’ difficulty in organizing a routine to meet the requirements of the educational and sports fields was the main issue regarding the conciliation of their dual careers. Among the cited sports programs, there was some success regarding time management for sports practice; however, there was a lack of in-depth analysis of the reach of these services, and elite athletes lacked a more balanced adherence to university routine. Beside the objective dimensions of dual-career management, we highlighted the importance of new lines of investigation that analyze the life projects of both athletes and their relatives in different cultures and socioeconomic realities.
Resumen. La doble carrera es un desafío para muchos atletas, que necesitan conciliar su entrenamiento deportivo con la dedicación requerida para estudiar y/o trabajar. Se realizó una revisión narrativa para identificar y analizar barreras y recursos de la rutina de los atletas de élite. Se realizaron búsquedas en once bases de datos disponibles en Capes Journal Platform (Portal Capes) utilizando las palabras clave "carrera dual" y "atletas", publicados en inglés, español o portugués. Se analizaron 22 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión establecidos y las categorías basadas en las características de sus muestras. El análisis mostró que la dificultad principal de los atletas para organizar una rutina para cumplir con los requisitos de los campos educativo y deportivo era la conciliación de sus carreras duales. Entre los programas deportivos citados, hubo cierto éxito con respecto a la gestión del tiempo para la práctica deportiva; Sin embargo, falta analizar en profundidad el alcance de estos servicios, y los atletas de élite carecían de una adhesión más equilibrada a la rutina universitaria. Además de las dimensiones objetivas de la gestión de doble carrera, destacamos la importancia de nuevas líneas de investigación que analizan los proyectos de vida de los atletas y sus familiares en diferentes culturas y realidades socioeconómicas.
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Ocheredko, V. P. "The Dual Nature of the Justice of the Peace: Historical Heritage in Determining the Prospects for Development." Rossijskoe pravosudie 9 (August 21, 2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.1.57-67.
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Problem statement. The originality of the Russian model of the world court created in the post-reform Russia is largely determined by the concept of its dual nature, consisting in an attempt to combine state activity and the initiative of society in world justice. It is she who characterizes the qualitative certainty of a justice of the peace. The difficult path and prospects for the development of a justice of the peace is a contradictory process of legalization of its social reconciliation component. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the place and role of the concept of dual nature in the development of the institution of magistrates in Russia. Methods. The work was carried out on the basis of the use of such general scientific research methods as historical and legal, formal-legal and institutional-legal modeling. In the course of the study, system-structural and logical approaches to the study were applied. Results. The analysis of the concept of the dual nature of the magistrates» court implemented in the Judicial Charter in all areas of the judiciary: judicial system, legal proceedings and the status of a judge. The conditionality of the complex process of development of a magistrate inherent in the model is revealed. The continuity in preserving the dual nature of the justice of the peace at the present stage of reform is disclosed. The conditionality of preserving its world nature on the basis of the development of a social reconciliation function is substantiated. Conclusions. An important place in the Russian model of magistrates being implemented by the Judicial Charters, which gives it a qualitative difference from the models implemented in other legal systems, is occupied by the idea of the dual nature of the magistrates» court. The complexity and inconsistency of its implementation was manifested during the formation and results of the work of justices of the peace. Subsequent reform of the institution of justice of the peace is a process of successively adapting ideas to the realities of strengthening the state principle in the judiciary. However, this did not lead to the elimination of the social component in the nature of the justice of the peace, the elimination of the conciliation function. In the framework of modern judicial reform, continuity in the development of a justice of the peace has been observed. However, one should note the fragmentation and inconsistency of the implementation of the idea in the modern model. All ongoing transformations in the field of world justice are aimed primarily at its development as a local court of limited jurisdiction. An important place in maintaining the quality of certainty of a justice of the peace is the development of its conciliatory function, without which it is a local court with the preservation of its former historical name.
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Ferrando García, Francisca María. "Igualdad y conciliación de la vida familiar y la actividad profesional de los trabajadores y trabajadoras autónomas: avances normativos y cuestiones pendientes." iQual. Revista de Género e Igualdad, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/iqual.312871.
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<p><strong>Resumen</strong> El presente trabajo versa sobre las últimas medidas legislativas introducidas a fin de garantizar los derechos a la maternidad y a la conciliación de la vida familiar y la actividad profesional de las trabajadoras autónomas, desde las perspectivas del principio de igualdad y de la promoción del autoempleo femenino. A tal fin, se estudian las escasas referencias a la conciliación en materia de jornada contenidas en la LETA. Especial atención merecen las bonificaciones en la cotización relacionadas con el ejercicio de sus derechos en materia de maternidad y conciliación, reguladas en los arts. 30, 38 y 38 <em>bis</em> LETA. Asimismo, se trata sobre la posibilidad de contratación de personas asalariadas por los TRADE, introducida en el art. 11.2.a) ET. Finalmente, se analizan las garantías previstas en el art. 15 LETA frente a la facultad de la empresa cliente de resolver el contrato con el TRADE, aspecto este último en el que se observa un claro paralelismo con el régimen aplicable al trabajo por cuenta ajena, a la vez que ciertas carencias que pueden ser consideradas contrarias a la Constitución Española. Todo ello, a la luz de las novedades introducidas por la Ley 6/2017, de Reformas Urgentes del Trabajo Autónomo.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong> This paper studies the various mechanisms that the last legislative reforms have introduced in order to guarantee the right to motherhood and the reconciliation of family life and professional activity of self-employed women, both from the point of view of the principle of equality and from the perspective of the promotion of entrepreneurship and female self-employment. To this end, the paper reviews the few references to the conciliation in terms of working hours found in the LETA. Special attention deserve the Social Security contribution bonuses applicable to the hiring of employed persons by self-employed women to enable them to exercise their maternity and reconciliation rights, according to arts. 30, 38 and 38 <em>bis</em> LETA. Likewise, it deals with the possibility of hiring salaried persons by economically dependent workers, provided by. 11.2.a) ET. Finally, the guarantees introduced in art. 15 LETA as to the faculty of the client to resolve the contract with economically dependent workers, are analyzed, concluding the existence of a clear parallelism with the regime applicable to employment contract, while certain shortcomings that could be considered contrary to the Spanish Constitution. All this, in light of the reforms introduced by Act 6/2017, on Urgent Reforms of Autonomous Work.</p><p><strong>Key words </strong>Self-employed women motherhood, reconciliation of family life and the professional activity, Social Security contribution bonuses, female entrepreneurship, economically dependent workers<strong></strong></p>
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Tobing, Christina NM. "MENGGAGAS PENGADILAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DALAM BINGKAI IUS CONSTITUENDUM SEBAGAI UPAYA PERWUJUDAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM DAN KEADILAN / INITIATING AN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COURT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF IUS CONSTITUENDUM AS AN EFFORT TO REALIZE LEGAL CERTAINTY AND JUSTICE." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 7, no. 2 (2018): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.7.2.2018.297-326.
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Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial (PHI) dibentuk berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2004 tentang Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial. Ratio legis-nya adalah mewujudkan kepastian hukum dan keadilan melalui asas peradilan cepat, tepat, adil dan murah. Eksistensi PHI menimbulkan masalah, baik kemampuan pengetahuan pekerja/buruh tentang hukum formil maupun hukum ketenagakerjaan materil, proses lama, dan substansi hukum belum memadai. Tinjauan ini urgen dilakukan untuk identifikasi upaya yang dapat dilakukan agar ratio legis eksistensi PHI terwujud. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan didasarkan pada pengkajian hukum positif, yaitu UU No. 2 Tahun 2004. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah perundang-undangan untuk mengkaji asas-asas peradilan. Hasil tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi beberapa kelemahan, baik dari segi struktur hukum, substansi dan budaya hukum. Upaya untuk mengatasinya, yakni dengan membentuk PHI di setiap Pengadilan Negeri Kabupaten/Kota. Revisi UU No. 2 Tahun 2004 yakni : pengaturan yang memperluas pengertian subjek hukum pekerja/buruh dan pengusaha; lembaga konsiliasi dan arbitrase dipertimbangkan keberadaannya; pengaturan upaya hukum kasasi yang nilai gugatannya di bawah Rp.150 juta dihapus; pengaturan pailit dikategorikan sebagai keadaan mendesak dalam pemeriksaan acara cepat sinkron dengan ketentuan UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang; pengaturan khusus mengenai eksekusi putusan PHI dan pengaturan tidak memperkenankan upaya hukum PK dalam proses eksekusi. Kepastian hukum batas waktu proses administrasi perkara hingga pelaksanaan putusan. Optimalisasi pemanfaaatan sarana Informasi Teknologi (IT) dalam proses administrasi perkara, khususnya pemanggilan “delegasi”.The Industrial Relations Court (IRC) is instituted based on Law No. 2 of 2004 on Settlement of Industrial Relations Disputes. The ratio legis is to realize legal certainty and justice through the principle of fast, precise, fair and cheap judicial process. The existence of the IRC poses some problems with respect to the knowledge competence of workers/laborers in formal law and material employment law, as well as the lengthy process and insufficient legal substance. A review on this matter is urgently needed to identify the efforts that can be made so that the ratio legis for the existence of IRC can be established. The method used is a normative legal research method based on the study of positive law, namely Law No. 2 of 2004. The approach is using legislation to examine the principles of judicial process. The results of this review have identified several weaknesses in terms of legal structure, legal substance and legal culture. An effort to overcome them is by instituting an IRC in every District/Municipal Court. The revisions made to Law No. 2 of 2004 include: a regulation that broadens the definition of the legal subjects workers/laborers and employers; consideration of the existence of conciliation and arbitration institutions; revocation of the regulation on the appeal to the highest court for lawsuits below Rp 150 million in value; a regulation on bankruptcy to be categorized as an urgent situation in examinations by fast proceedings, consistent with the provisions of Law No. 37 of 2004 on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations; a specific regulation on the execution of IRC decisions and a regulation that does not allow the legal remedy of judicial review in the execution process; legal certainty with respect to the limit on the time frame from the case administration process up to the execution of the decision; optimization of the use of Information Technology (IT) facilities in the case administration process, especially in summoning the “delegates”.
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Ebrahim, Shamier. "The Interpretation to be accorded to the Term "Benefits" in Section 186(2)(A) of the LRA Continues: Apollo Tyres South Africa (PTY) LIMITED v CCMA (DA1/11) [2013] ZALAC 3." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 1 (2017): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i1a2267.
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The interpretation to be accorded to the term benefits in section 186(2)(a) of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (the "LRA") has come before the Courts on several occasions. In terms of section 186(2)(a) of the LRA any unfair act or omission by an employer relating to the provision of benefits to an employee falls within the ambit of an unfair labour practice. In Schoeman v Samsung Electronics SA (Pty) Ltd[1] the Labour Court (the "LC") held that the term benefit could not be interpreted to include remuneration. It stated that a benefit is something extra from remuneration. In Gaylard v Telkom South Africa Ltd[2] the LC endorsed the decision in Samsung and held that if benefits were to be interpreted to include remuneration then this would curtail strike action with regard to issues of remuneration. In Hospersa v Northern Cape Provincial Administration[3] the issue regarding the interpretation of the term benefits did not relate to whether or not it included remuneration but rather to whether it included a hope to create new benefits which were non-existent. The Labour Appeal Court (the "LAC") held that the term benefits refers only to benefits which exist ex contractu or ex lege but does not include a hope to create new benefits. The LAC adopted this approach in order to maintain the separation between a dispute of interest and one of mutual interest, the latter being subject to arbitration whilst the former is subject to the collective bargaining process (strike action). In Protekon (Pty) Ltd v CCMA[4] the LC disagreed with the reasoning in Samsung and held that the term remuneration as defined in section 213 of the LRA is wide enough to include payment to employees, which may be described as benefits. The LC remarked that the statement in Samsung to the effect that a benefit is something extra from remuneration goes too far. It further remarked that the concern that the right to strike would be curtailed if remuneration were to fall within the ambit of benefits need not persist. It based this statement on the reasoning that if the issue in dispute concerns a demand by employees that certain benefits be granted then this is a matter for the collective bargaining process (strike action) but where the issue in dispute concerns the fairness of the employer’s conduct then this is subject to arbitration.[5] It is then no surprise that the issue regarding the interpretation of the term benefits once again came before the LAC in Apollo Tyres South Africa (Pty) Limited v CCMA & others.[6] The LAC was tasked with deciding if the term could be interpreted to include a benefit which is to be granted subject to the discretion of the employer upon application by the employee. In deciding this, the LAC overturned the decisions in Samsung and Hospersa and opted to follow the decision in Protekon. Apollo is worthy of note as it is the latest contribution from the LAC regarding the interpretation of the term benefits and it is of binding force for the Commission for Conciliation Mediation and Arbitration and Labour Courts in terms of the principle of stare decisis. The purpose of this note is threefold. Firstly, the facts, arguments and judgment in Apolloare stated briefly. Secondly, the judgment is critically analysed and commented upon. Thirdly, the note concludes by commenting on the way forward for benefit disputes in terms of section 186(2)(a) of the LRA.
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Marmazov, Vasyl, and Pavlo Pushkar. "The Right of Access to Non-State Dispute Resolution in the Legal Order of Larger Europe: A Yardstick to Harmonise Approaches to State and Non-State Dispute Settlement in Ukraine." NaUKMA Research Papers. Law 7 (July 20, 2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-2607.2021.7.33-43.
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The Ukrainian legal thought has traditionally regarded the right of access to justice as a right of access to the State court, or to State managed or controlled procedures for dispute settlement. One of the main reasons for that was that the non-state, or uncontrolled by the State dispute settlement was not formally permitted, prohibition being imposed by the Soviet system and even to a certain extent during the period of domination on parts of the territory of the modern Ukraine, of the various externally imposed requirements of various legal systems in force at the material time. Non-state dispute settlement in its traditional forms, mainly based on the custom, was also left outside the attention in the pre-Soviet times and could not find its dignified place between accessible schemes and instruments for dispute settlement. Moreover, the understanding that justice delivery for the parties to the dispute should remain within State monopoly, became commonly accepted as from 1996. The adoption of the Constitution of Ukraine to a certain extent perverted approach to settlement of conflicts, focusing on the main role for the State courts, to these ends. In particular, the courts are having “direct jurisdiction” over any dispute, this led to perception of pre-trial settlements as unnecessary, even as regards those that remained in force, notably, the commissions on labour disputes that were recognized in the case-law of the European Court as equating in legal force to binding and enforceable legal instruments. Thus, the traditional historical approach to seeing judicial examination of disputes as an exceptional step in dispute settlement, in the absence of agreement or settlement by the parties, notably through mediation, arbitration or conciliation, variousforms of third party involvement, steadily disappeared. However, alternative examination of disputes is returning back to its original standing. It is gaining its place in the discussions on the judicial reform and reform of the system for settlement of disputes. This reform is far from being finalised and possibly has not even started in practice. The new approach to settlement of disputes, aimed at breaking the principle of State monopoly on examination of disputes and seeing State dispute settlement by court as an exception, is still not firmly entrenched into the mentality of lawyers, public servants, judges, law enforcement employees and politicians in Ukraine. Thus, the article suggests and points out to importance of taking into account with these changes of a wider European perspective. Such a perspective should relate not only to theoretical and practical advantages of the non-state dispute settlement, but also provides that the privatisation of the dispute settlement procedures and breaking the state monopoly on it, is a part of wider international obligations, also being a part of the supranational legal order of the European Union. This obligation of Ukraine is also seen as part of the requirements stemming from the Council of Europe law. Both the EU law and the Council of Europe provide for extensive soft law recommendations, legal principles, which are formed by the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights. Such an approach provides that alternative means of dispute settlement, including arbitration, do not run contrary to the principles of human rights with regard to fair judicial proceedings. On the contrary, they could be seen as a highly relevant actual means of dispute settlement for any modern European society, built on the principles of respect to rule of law and human rights.
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Leclercq, Bruno. "De la nature humaine au sujet transcendantal : Comment l’activité libre du moi et sa responsabilité à l’égard de la raison théorique et pratique s’étayent sur la dynamique propre à la sphère passive." Bulletin d'Analyse Phénoménologique, April 8, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1782-2041.1170.
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Il est possible de proposer une lecture génétique de l’œuvre de Husserl tout entière axée sur la tension — et la tentative de conciliation — entre exigences rationalistes et explications empiristes ; une fois le rationalisme radicalement assuré par les thèses fortes marquant le double tournant antipsychologiste puis transcendantal, les préoccupations génétiques initiales héritées de la tradition empiriste peuvent retrouver toute leur pertinence pour autant qu’elles soient rapportées à la sphère de la passivité, qui « motive » l’activité subjective sans la déterminer. Tout à la fois distincte de la causalité naturelle et de la justification rationnelle, cette « motivation » joue un rôle crucial dans le dispositif théorique. Reste toutefois à rendre compte de l’économie psychique propre à cette subjectivité tout à la fois passive et active. Inspirées de Husserl mais aussi de Freud, de belles analyses de Rudolf Bernet montrent ce qu’il en est dans la sphère volitive. D’origine naturelle (biologique) mais de nature psychique (et, en ce sens au moins, « conscientes »), les pulsions enjoignent le moi de les satisfaire. Pour s’exécuter au mieux, le moi, qui est aussi redevable à l’égard du surmoi et du principe de réalité (c’est-à-dire, en gros, des exigences de la raison pratique et de la raison théorique), s’efforce de trouver une solution à l’équation des contraintes auxquelles il est soumis. Il en vient alors à donner son aval à ces pulsions sous la forme de désirs et de souhaits intentionnels qu’il juge acceptables (et susceptibles de les satisfaire sur le long terme), ou au contraire à inhiber ces pulsions sous les modalités de leur investissement spontané. Dans ce cas, toutefois, c’est encore dans des pulsions (pulsions en sens contraire, pulsions d’autoconservation, etc.) que le moi trouve la force nécessaire à s’opposer. Prenant au sérieux la suggestion de Bernet selon laquelle les sensations ont elles-mêmes un caractère pulsionnel, nous nous efforçons ici d’évaluer la transposition possible de ses analyses dans la sphère judicative. Dans cette perspective, perceptions et jugements intentionnels constituent la meilleure réponse qu’apporte le moi actif à la pression des sensations et à leur modalisation spontanée sous forme de synthèses passives. Soucieux de ses intérêts à long terme, le moi s’avère capable de rejeter certaines données sensorielles et de s’opposer à certaines tendances psychiques qui se font pourtant pressantes.
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Mishchenko, Elena, and Tat’yana Letuta. "Principles of Judicial Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration: Comparative Legal Aspects." Rossijskoe Pravo. Obrazovanie, Praktika, Nauka, 2019, 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34076/2410-2709-2019-2-4-14.
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The paper discusses the principles of judicial conciliation, mediation and arbitration in a comparative perspective. A special attention is paid to guarantees of their implementation. Examples of judicial practice that demonstrate the prevalence of violations of certain principles are considered. On the basis of a systemic analysis of legal provisions and a relevant draft law, regulations of Russian and foreign arbitration institutions, taking into account the views of prerevolutionary, Soviet and modern researchers, the authors formulate conclusions about the declarative nature of principles of judicial reconciliation and significant differences of this procedure from mediation. In judicial reconciliation, the autonomy of the will of the parties to a dispute may be limited by choosing the conciliator’s candidature, the active role of the conciliator. The authors argue in favor of using such a form of reconciliation, in which the conciliator may be the judge who is considering the specific case. The unconditional advantages of mediation as the only one of the considered dispute resolution methods, which is really characterized by confidentiality and co-operation of the parties, are noted. The authors reveal the issues of the adversarial principle and equality of the parties in arbitration, due to abuse of rights by the parties to the dispute. The study of characteristics of formation of individual principles in the Russian pre-revolutionary and Soviet legislation allowed to formulate conclusions about the possible development of provisions on the principles of cooperation and confidentiality, on the prospects for judicial reconciliation.
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Neto, Dalk Dias Salomão, Nicole Moreira Faria Sousa, Carla Viana Dendasck, Amanda Alves Fecury, Euzébio de Oliveira, and Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias. "Le rôle du conciliateur dans le tribunal spécial civil spécial du 4e tribunal civil spécial de Macapá-AP, Amazônia, Brésil." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, May 20, 2021, 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/droit/special-civil.
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En raison de nombreux problèmes sociaux, la justice a commencé à être plus demandée par la société. Il était urgent d’insédant un nouveau paradigme, avec la création de tribunaux spéciaux, fondés sur la conciliation, comme moyen alternatif de résolution des conflits comme solution partielle. Les tribunaux spéciaux ont beaucoup évolué depuis sa création, par le biais de la loi 9.099/95, qui s’est avérée extrêmement importante pour la réorganisation de la justice, face aux grandes exigences des poursuites judiciaires. L’objectif de ce travail était d’analyser le rôle du conciliateur dans le tribunal civil virtuel spécial dans le 4avara du tribunal civil spécial de Macapá AP, Amazônia, Brésil. On conclut qu’il y a eu une évolution historique des juges spéciaux, depuis sa mise en œuvre par la loi 9.099/95 jusqu’à l’interprétation de ses principes tels que la rapidité procédurale, l’informalité et, tous, indiquant la réalisation d’un processus plus rapide et plus efficace. PROJUD et TUCUJURIS en informatisant les tribunaux spéciaux semblent importants dans la modernisation du processus, les rendant plus simples, plus rapides et accessibles à tous et suivant ainsi les tendances technologiques mondiales. Les tribunaux spéciaux dans leur ensemble devraient chercher à investir de plus en plus dans les conciliateurs et les actions visant la conciliation, telles que les semaines de conciliation de l’État et du pays, car il y aura donc de grandes chances que les affaires judiciaires acquièrent une plus grande aisance.