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Books on the topic 'Principled goals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Browne, M. Neil. Modern economics: Principles, goals, and trade-offs. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.

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Browne, M. Neil. Modern economics: Principles, goals, and trade-offs. London: Prentice-Hall International, 1987.

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3

National Summit on Mathematics Assessment (1st 1991 April 23-24 Washington, D.C.). For good measure: Principles and goals for mathematics assessment. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.

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4

), Royalty Management Program (U S. Royalty Management Program: Core purpose, guiding principles, strategic goals. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Royalty Management Program, 1991.

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5

Force, Cityplan '91 Task. Task Force goals and principles for a new official plan. Toronto: The Task Force, 1989.

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6

The 15 second principle: Short, simple steps to achieving long-term goals. New York: Berkley Books, 1999.

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7

The 15-second principle: Short, simple steps to achieving long-term goals. Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press, 2004.

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8

Haschak, Paul G. Corporate statements: The official missions, goals, principles and philosophies of over 900 companies. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1998.

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9

Samantha, Dunn, ed. Unleashing the warrior within: Using the 7 principles of combat to achieve your goals. New York: Hyperion, 2000.

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10

Barykin, Alex, Valentin Ikryannikov, and Yuriy Budkin. National system of standardization of the Russian Federation. Principles, goals, objectives, forecast of development. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1058023.

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The monograph presents the research questions of efficiency of functioning of national standardization system of the Russian Federation, which was conducted by the authors in the framework of the analytical work on the order of Minpromtorg of Russia in 2018 (the state contract from April 17, 2018 No. 18401.16Д0190019.10.002) taking into account the actual directions of development of national standardization system of the Russian Federation and additional generalizations. The assessment of the current scenario of the development of the national standardization system of the Russian Federation was carried out using comparable indicators of the national standardization systems of France, Germany, great Britain and the USA. The findings and proposals were based on the results of a survey of civil servants at the Federal and regional levels on approaches to strategic dimensions of standardization. The methodology of forecasting the development of the national standardization system of the Russian Federation includes a scenario approach and a method of constructing dispersion diagrams (bubble diagrams) and sufficiently illustrates the current state of Affairs in the field of standardization at the national level. The developed tools will require additional configuration when changing the current development scenario from "inertial" to "progressive". A number of author's proposals to change the current scenario of development of the national standardization system of the Russian Federation are presented. It is of interest to a wide range of readers and specialists in the field of public administration, standardization and can be used in the preparation of curricula and manuals for undergraduate, graduate and further education.
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11

The liberal contradiction: How contemporary liberalism violates its own principles and endangers its own goals. Lafayette, La: Huntington House, 1994.

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12

The zigzag principle: The goal setting strategy that will revolutionize your business and your life. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012.

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13

1959-, Wagner Peggy, ed. The Everest principle: How to achieve the summit of your life. Carlsbad, Calif: Hay House, Inc., 2010.

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14

Assessing student learning and development: A guide to the principles, goals, and methods of determining college outcomes. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1991.

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15

Decolonisation and the birth of Papua New Guinea's constitution,1959 - 1975: With five national goals and directive principles. Brisbane: Queensland University of Technology, 2005.

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16

Achieving authentic success: 10 timeless life principles that will maximize your real potential. San Diego, Calif: Future Achievement International, 2001.

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17

Programme, United Nations Environment. Goals and principles of environmental impact assessment: Decision 14/25 of the Governing Council of UNEP, of 17 June 1987. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme, 1987.

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18

The Quadrennial Defense Review: Goals and principles : hearing before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, hearing held, September 14, 2005. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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19

Müller, Wolfgang C., and Paul W. Thurner, eds. Understanding Policy Reversals and Policy Stability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747031.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses structural, institutional, and situational factors that exercise influence on nuclear energy policy decisions. It reviews the respective literatures and introduces the dependent variable, i.e. nuclear energy policy reversals. Building in particular on the work of Kitschelt (1986) and Midttun and Rucht (1994), the chapter then discusses the explanatory variables that potentially drive such changes: anti-nuclear movements, public opinion, the systems’ electoral and federal openness, political parties’ vote-seeking, principled ideological goals, or office-seeking, new policy challenges in terms of energy policy and climate change concerns, nuclear accidents, and path dependence due to the countries investment in nuclear energy. Hypotheses are formulated for how these factors impact nuclear energy policy-making.
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20

Fiorino, Daniel J. The Green Growth Policy Agenda. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190605803.003.0006.

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The concept of green growth offers both a means of reframing ecology–economy relationships and defining an agenda for change. This chapter sets out the framework for a green growth policy agenda. This agenda builds upon existing strategies and tools, such as use of mandatory technology or performance standards, but also is distinctive in expanding the scope of policymaking, emphasizing ecology–economy positive-sums, looking beyond ecological to other policy sectors, granting critical ecosystems principled priority in decisions, and incorporating social costs. As for tools, the green growth agenda relies heavily on market-like mechanisms such as pollution taxes or trading, on methods for valuing ecosystems services, and on reorienting investment strategies for green sectors and goals. In sum, there exists a rich and varied green growth policy agenda that may support a transition toward green growth.
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21

Henham, Ralph. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198718895.003.0009.

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This chapter draws together the book’s common themes and considers their broader implications for the future development of sentencing policy. It concludes that contemporary sentencing policy should reflect shared goals and engage with social priorities for the common good, so restoring the essential link between penal ideology and the socially lived experience of crime and punishment. Structural changes are therefore required to empower decision-makers by facilitating a principled engagement with social value at the point of sentencing. However, these suggestions depend upon developing judicial discretionary power in sentencing, not restricting it. Ultimately therefore, the success of the book’s proposals for a more egalitarian and community focused sentencing system will depend upon the strategies policy-makers adopt to restore public confidence and trust in discretionary justice and its ability to engage with social justice issues. The book ends by exploring what this might entail.
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22

Cooper, Mick, and Duncan Law, eds. Working with Goals in Psychotherapy and Counselling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780198793687.001.0001.

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Working with goals in counselling and psychotherapy provides a detailed guide to using goals in clinical practice, and the empirical and theoretical foundations for this work. The book is aimed at psychologists, psychotherapists, and counsellors of all orientations—both in training and in practice—who work with adults and/or with children and young people. The introduction to the book defines goals, looks at their development, and discusses the rationale for, and challenges of, goal-oriented practice. Chapter 2 explores philosophical perspectives on goals, critically examining the relevance of these ideas to therapeutic practice. Chapter 3 extends this by looking at the psychological evidence on goals and goal-setting, examining its relationship to emotions and wellbeing, and the dimensions along which goals can vary. The following chapter, written by service users, presents their perspective on working with goals: why they may find it helpful, what they want from it, and what they see as the challenges. Chapter 5 reviews the evidence on goal consensus and therapeutic outcomes; and this is followed by a review of the different measures that can be used for goal monitoring and feedback (Chapter 6). Chapters 7 and 8 focus specifically on clinical practice: identifying effective strategies for goal-setting; and for working with goals across the therapeutic encounter. Goal-oriented practices are then considered in relation to the principle therapeutic orientations (Chapter 9). The book concludes with the analogy of therapy as a ‘journey of discovery’ (Chapter 10), with the client’s individual goals setting the direction for travel.
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23

Wolak, Jennifer. Compromise in an Age of Party Polarization. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197510490.001.0001.

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Congressional debates are increasingly defined by gridlock and stalemate, with partisan showdowns that lead to government shutdowns. Compromise in Congress seems hard to reach. But do politicians deserve all the blame? Legislators who resist concessions and stand firm to their convictions might be doing just what voters want them to do. If this is true, however, then citizens must shoulder some of the responsibility for gridlock in Congress. This book challenges this wisdom and argues that Americans value compromise as a way to resolve differences in times of partisan division. Using evidence from a variety of surveys and innovative experiments, the book demonstrates that citizens want more from politics than just ideological representation—they also care about the processes by which disagreements are settled. Americans believe that compromise is a virtuous way to resolve political disputes. Because people’s desire for compromise is deeply rooted in socialized support for democratic values, principled beliefs about compromise can serve as a check on partisan thinking. Across a range of settings, people’s support for compromise persists even when it comes at the cost of partisan goals and policy objectives. People give warmer evaluations to members of Congress who are willing to compromise and view compromise legislation as more legitimate. People care about not just outcomes, but also the way decisions are reached. Winning isn’t everything in politics. People also value the democratic principle of compromise.
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24

Robb, Fiona, and Andrew Seaton. What are the principles and goals of antimicrobial stewardship? Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758792.003.0002.

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Antimicrobial stewardship (AS) is a coordinated strategy for quality improvement designed to improve the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents to optimize clinical outcomes whilst minimizing collateral antimicrobial effects including antimicrobial resistance andClostridium difficileinfection. AS is a function of the multidisciplinary antimicrobial management team and is dependent on key relationships with infection protection and control, clinical governance, therapeutic, and medical management structures within a healthcare organization. AS should operate within a national framework and is driven by quality improvement and patient safety. Engagement with prescribers through education, surveillance, and audit and feedback are key to the success of an AS programme.
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25

Secunda, Al. The 15-Second Principle. Career Press, Inc., 2000.

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26

A Philosophy of Ministry Principles for Establishing Priorities, Goals, Methodologies and Strategies. Kirby Clements, 1993.

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27

Pissarskoi, Eugen. The Controllability Precautionary Principle: Justification of a Climate Policy Goal Under Uncertainty. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813248.003.0011.

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How can we reasonably justify a climate policy goal if we accept that only possible consequences from climate change are known? Precautionary principles seem to offer promising guidelines for reasoning in such epistemic situations. This chapter presents two versions of the precautionary principle (PP) and defends one of them as morally justifiable. However, it argues that current versions of the PP do not allow discrimination between relevant climate change policies. Therefore, the chapter develops a further version of the PP, the Controllability Precautionary Principle (CPP), and defends its moral plausibility. The CPP incorporates the following idea: in a situation when the possible outcomes of the available actions cannot be ranked with regard to their value, the choice between available options for action should rest on the comparison of how well decision makers can control the processes of the implementation of the available strategies.
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28

Conoley, Collie W., and Michael J. Scheel. Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190681722.001.0001.

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Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy presents the first comprehensive positive psychology psychotherapy model that optimizes well-being and thereby diminishes psychological distress. The theory of change is the Broaden-and-Build Theory of positive emotions. The therapeutic process promotes client strengths, hope, positive emotions, and goals. The book provides the foundational premises, empirical support, theory, therapeutic techniques and interventions, a training model, case examples, and future directions. A three-year study is presented that reveals that Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy (GFPP) was as effective as cognitive-behavioral therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapies, which fits the meta-analyses of therapy outcome studies that no bona fide psychotherapy achieves superior outcome. However, GFPP was significantly more attractive to the clients. Descriptions are provided of the Broaden-and-Build Theory, therapy goals based upon clients’ values and personal meaning (i.e., approach goals and intrinsic goals), identification and use of clients’ personal strengths (including client culture), centrality of hope and hope theory, the implicit theory of personal change or the growth mindset, and finally Self-Determination Theory. The techniques and interventions of GFPP as well as the importance of the therapist’s intentions during therapy are presented. GFPP focuses upon the client and relationship while not viewing psychotherapy as a set of potent scripted treatments that acts upon the client. Goal Focused Positive Supervision is presented as a new model that supports the supervisee’s strength-based self-definition rather than a pathological one or deficit orientation. Training that includes the experiential learning of GFPP principles is underscored.
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29

President's Council on Sustainable Development: Principles, Goals, and Definition Task Force : background papers. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, 1995.

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30

Heine, Steven. White Collar Zen: Using Zen Principles to Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Your Career Goals. Oxford University Press, USA, 2005.

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31

Stallings, William. Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles (6th Edition) (GOAL Series). 6th ed. Prentice Hall, 2008.

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32

Mundy, Anthony, and Daniela Andrich. Principles of reconstructive urology. Edited by Anthony R. Mundy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0047.

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Here we give a brief overview of the development of reconstructive urology and of the types of clinical conditions for which it is appropriate. We introduce the fundamental surgical approaches to the repair or replacement of the ureter, bladder, and urethra and describe the anatomical and pathophysiological principles of the use of grafts and flaps of various types to achieve these goals – concentrating particularly on oral mucosal grafts and skin flaps for the urethra, intestinal flaps for the bladder and ‘bridging’ techniques for the ureter. The general principles of reconstructing the ureter or urethra are similar. One either finds a way of bridging a gap between the two ends of healthy ureter or urethra on either side of the area of pathology, or finds a way of replacing the affected segment, or of augmenting its calibre if part of the circumference is healthy enough for it to be worth preserving.
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33

Donaghy, Michael. Principles of neurological rehabilitation. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0160.

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Neurology has an undeserved reputation for being a speciality where diagnosis requires great intellectual effort, although from which little therapeutic intervention flows. The reader will form their own opinion about the difficulty of making diagnoses, but now neurological rehabilitation can offer all patients great help subsequently. Other chapters discuss the roles of specific medical and surgical treatments in transforming neurological patients’ lives; this chapter discusses the role of neurological rehabilitation in focusing primarily on reducing limitations on patient activities rather than by detailing the specific nature of these individual interventions.Neurological rehabilitation can be defined as a process that aims to optimize a person’s participation in society and sense of well-being. This definition highlights several important features: rehabilitation is not a particular type of intervention; the focus is on the patient as a person; the goals relate to social functioning, as well as health or well-being; it is not a process restricted to patients who may recover, partially or completely, but applies to all patients left with long-term problems. The contrast to traditional neurology is in the broader scope, extending well away from the underlying pathology but always being fully informed by the paramount importance of the primary diagnosis.This chapter will start by giving a fuller description of rehabilitation in terms of structure, represented by the resources needed, process, consisting of what happens, and outcome, defined by the goals. Subsequently the general evidence supporting neurological rehabilitation as a process is reviewed. It is not practicable to review the wide range of high class randomized controlled trial evidence investigating different and detailed aspects of the process. Some specific diseases and specific clinical problems are considered in Section 6.4.Neurological rehabilitation has a sound theoretical and conceptual basis derived from the World Health Organisation’s International Classification of Functioning, the WHO ICF (Wade and Halligan 2004) and from a general problem-solving approach (Wade 2005). There is strong evidence supporting its effectiveness as a process, and reasonable evidence in support of some specific treatments. The approach of neurological rehabilitation extends the intellectual challenge of neurology; in most clinical situations the physician and the wider rehabilitation team have to make pragmatic decisions based on incomplete information concerning many important factors.
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34

Machowicz, Richard J. Unleashing the Warrior Within: Using the 7 Principels of Combat to Achieve Your Goals. Hyperion, 2000.

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35

Pruss, Alexander R., and Joshua L. Rasmussen. From Possible Causes II. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746898.003.0005.

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The chapter searches for the logically weakest causal principle that can be found that would establish the existence of a necessary being. First the most general principle of causation is presented and then a series of increasingly weaker versions are proposed. The goal of the chapter is to provide one of the most modest causal principles on which there is at least some causal order. It is then shown how to use such a principle to construct an argument for a necessary being. As usual, various objections and replies are considered, and an advantage is drawn out of this argument with a demonstration of how someone could have reason to accept the very weak causal principle even if they do not accept any causal principle in any previous argument for a necessary being.
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36

Butz, Martin V., and Esther F. Kutter. Behavioral Flexibility and Anticipatory Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739692.003.0006.

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While reward-oriented learning can adapt and optimize behavior, this chapter shows how behavior can become anticipatory and selectively goal-oriented. Flexibility and adaptability are necessary when living in changing environmental niches. As a consequence, different locations in the environment need to be distinguished to enable selective and optimally attuned interactions. To accomplish this, sensorimotor learning is necessary. With sufficient sensorimotor knowledge, the progressively abstract learning of environmental predictive models becomes possible. These models enable forward anticipations about action consequences and incoming sensory information. As a consequence, our own influences on the environment can be distinguished from other influences, following the re-afference principle. Moreover, inverse anticipations enable the selection of the behavior that is believed to reach current goals most effectively. Coupled with motivations, goal-directed behavior can be generated self-motivatedly. Furthermore, curious, information seeking, epistemic behavior can be generated. The remainder of the book addresses how the brain accomplishes this goal-oriented, self-motivated generation of behavior and thought, where the latter can be considered mental behavior.
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37

Emond, Alan. Health for all children: philosophy and principles. Edited by Alan Emond. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198788850.003.0001.

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The first United Nations Sustainable Development Goal is to ‘ensure that all human beings can fulfil their potential in dignity and equality’. Protecting, promoting, and supporting early childhood development is essential to achieve this goal. The foundations of child health and well-being, and of adult health in later life, are laid down in pregnancy and the early years. So this review of evidence takes a life course approach, starting in pregnancy and extending to the age of 7 years, to include transition into school and to cover the ‘early years’.
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38

Dalbeth, Nicola. Principles of gout management. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748311.003.0008.

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The main goal of therapy is to achieve ‘remission’—the absence of gout attacks and tophi. A sustained reduction in serum urate is critical to the long-term management of gout and will ultimately result in cessation of gout attacks and resolution of tophi. Target serum urate is <0.36 mmol/L for everyone, although a lower target of <0.30 mmol/L may be required for those with severe tophaceous disease. Patient and physician education about the causes and effective management of gout are required to improve adherence to therapy and thereby long-term outcomes.
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39

Reike, Ruben. Conflict Prevention and R2P. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy and Tim Dunne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.31.

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This chapter examines how the agenda of prevention of armed conflict relates to the principle of the responsibility to protect (R2P). While R2P was originally assumed to be fully compatible with the goals and principles of traditional conflict prevention, subsequent research has disentangled the relationship between R2P and conflict prevention, arguing that conflict prevention is a necessary but not a sufficient component of atrocity prevention, and that atrocity prevention needs to include a strategy for deterring potential perpetrators. Recent scholarship has started to examine the implications of marrying R2P to international criminal law categories. What follows from R2P’s move to crimes is an individualization of the principle, as well as a shift towards partiality, intrusion, and coercion. This means that where a threat of atrocity crimes occurs in the context of armed conflict, it cannot simply be assumed that R2P and conflict prevention are pulling in the same direction.
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40

Castonguay, Louis G., Michael J. Constantino, and Larry E. Beutler. Implementing Evidence-Based Principles of Therapeutic Change. Edited by Louis G. Castonguay, Michael J. Constantino, and Larry E. Beutler. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780199324729.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter describes the goals of the book and its structure. It presents the rationale for developing a new list of empirically based principles of change, as well as for inviting expert clinicians to illustrate how such principles can be implemented in their day-to-day practice. The chapter also describes how these clinicians were selected and the writing guidelines that they followed in demonstrating their personal integration of empirical findings and clinical work. It further highlights how the collaboration between researchers and practitioners that is fostered in this book aims to go beyond the building of a “bridge” between science and practice by creating, instead, a new and unified landscape of knowledge and action.
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41

Richette, Pascal. Principles of gout management. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199668847.003.0044.

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The general goals of gout therapy are to manage acute flares and to prevent recurrences and prevent or reverse the complications of urate deposition by lowering urate levels. The choice of drug should be made on the basis of the patient’s co-morbidities, other medications, and side effect profile. Treatment of flares can be achieved with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, or corticosteroids (systemic or intra-articular). Interleukin-1 blockers could become an alternative in patients contraindicated for traditional anti-inflammatory agents. Lowering of urate levels below monosodium urate (MSU) saturation point with both a non-pharmacological and pharmacological approach allows to dissolve MSU crystals and to cure gout. Serum urate (SUA) levels should be maintained below 6 mg/dL (360 μ‎mol/L) or below 5 mg/dL (300 μ‎mol/L) in patients with severe gout to facilitate faster dissolution of crystals. Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) should be initiated close to the first diagnosis of gout. Allopurinol and febuxostat are the most widely used xanthine oxidase inhibitors to lower SUA levels. If the SUA target cannot be reached by these agents, uricosurics are indicated, either alone or in combination with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. In patients with severe tophaceous gout in whom the SUA target cannot be reached with any other available drug, pegloticase is indicated. Since ULT initiation may trigger acute attacks of gout, prophylaxis with an anti-inflammatory agent is recommended, mostly with low-dose colchicine. Of note, patient education, appropriate lifestyle advice, and treatment of comorbidities are also important parts of the management of patients with gout.
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42

Arthur, Jim. All year round golf: Principles and methods required to achieve this ultimate goal. BIGGA, 1993.

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43

Van Den Bos, Kees. Violent Rejection of Law and Democratic Principles. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190657345.003.0009.

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Chapter 9 discusses when radical thoughts and associated feelings shift to radical and extremist behaviors. The chapter aims to delineate the ontogenesis of radical behavior by arguing that the active rejection of democratic principles and the rule of law is an important phase in various radicalization processes. This usually takes place via processes of delegitimization. Thus, when people put their own right before the right of others in open societies, this may well serve as a red flag for those interested in trying to prevent the onset of violent and illegal extremism. When people are willing to break the law to obtain their goals, possibly by violent means, this is an important signal that something is seriously going wrong. Evil as a motive and the justification of violence are important antecedents of political violence, religious violence, and terrorism. These insights can be used for the prevention of extreme radicalization.
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44

Kai, Ambos. Part III The Right to Justice, A General Principles, Principle 19 Duties of States with Regard to the Administration of Justice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198743606.003.0023.

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Principle 19 outlines the duties of States with regard to the administration of justice for victims of serious human rights violations and other international crimes. Under this Principle, States must ensure that those responsible for serious crimes under international law are prosecuted, tried and adequately punished. A state’s (criminal) justice obligations have long been recognized by regional human rights courts and international human rights bodies. While the fight against impunity is the explicit aim of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and a major goal of the United Nations, the duty to prosecute lies primarily with the domestic justice system with regional or international mechanisms being subsidiary or complementary. This chapter first provides a contextual and historical background on Principle 19 before discussing its theoretical framework and how human rights courts and treaty bodies have interpreted the duty of States to investigate and prosecute serious human rights violations.
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45

Grimm, Dieter. Europe Needs Principles, Not Pragmatism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805120.003.0012.

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This chapter examines the question of European statehood, arguing that what is needed is not pragmatism but greater orientation to principles and more explanations of consequences. It first considers the EU’s ultimate goal: whether it should become the United States of Europe or whether it should remain a community of Member States who unite for specific purposes in areas that they can better address unitedly than separately. It then explains how the transformation of European institutions in accordance with a nation-state model would lead towards a European state, suggesting that one cannot transform the EU’s institutional structure on the nation-state model and at the same time defer to a later date the question of European statehood. It also considers the German Federal Constitutional Court’s role in bridging the scope of EU powers and the autonomy of European decision-making on the one hand, and European democracy on the other.
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46

Merlo, Gia. Principles of Medical Professionalism. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197506226.001.0001.

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Principles of Medical Professionalism will inform both future physicians and current practitioners that being a medical professional is not about being perfect, but rather about being human and recognizing our own limitations. The reader can therefore learn to manage their expectations about the profession while becoming more resilient to disruptions in the medical field such as artificial intelligence and the changing patient–doctor relationship. This book takes into consideration challenges to the uniform integration of a formal medical professionalism curriculum and addresses the critical need for support of practitioners’ professional development and identity formation throughout the various stages and transitions in their medical career. Overall, each chapter of this book aims to challenge the reader to engage in a process of self-reflection using the framework of the Gibb’s reflective cycle and provides health professionals of all levels with practical tools and techniques that will allow them to become more competent caregivers and leaders in their field. Indeed, the ultimate goal of the book is to encourage a medical educational framework supporting personal and professional transformation that may lead to more resilient and happier physicians. Thus, physicians may be better equipped to attend to the tasks of patient care that incorporate attention to healing, caring, and, compassion, while upholding their duty to serve the patient and society.
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47

McNally, Martin A., and Maurizio A. Catagni. Principles of circular external fixation in trauma. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012015.

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♦ The ideal frame should be versatile, stable during load bearing and allow joint movement, correction of deformity and closed application♦ Circular fixators consist of rings, connecting rods, fine wires and special parts♦ Meticulous preoperative planning with the patient and radiographs is essential♦ Recovery of limb function is the primary goal of fracture care; the patient must be fully involved in the rehabilitation♦ Fixator removal once union is complete should be performed under general anaesthetic for children or with sedation and analgesia in adults
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Lepora, Nathan F. Decision making. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0028.

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Decision making is the process by which alternatives are deliberated and chosen based on the values and goals of the decision maker. In this chapter, we describe recent progress in understanding how living organisms make decisions and the implications for engineering artificial systems with decision-making capabilities. Nature appears to re-use design principles for decision making across a hierarchy of organizational levels, from cells to organisms to entire populations. One common principle is that decision formation is realized by accumulating sensory evidence up to a threshold, approximating the optimal statistical technique of sequential analysis. Sequential analysis has applications spanning from cryptography to clinical drug testing. Artificial perception based on sequential analysis has advanced robot capabilities, enabling robust sensing under uncertainty. Future applications could lead to individual robots, or artificial swarms, that perceive and interact with complex environments with an ease and robustness now achievable only by living organisms.
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Roth, Katalin. Bioethical Issues in Integrative Geriatrics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190466268.003.0030.

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Many older persons use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and an integrative approach is very consistent with the holistic model of geriatric “slow medicine.” Ethical practice requires an understanding of the patient’s values and goals of care. The core ethical principles of beneficence, autonomy, and justice are applied to geriatric concerns such as decision-making capacity, prognosis, and advance care planning. Informed consent requires that patients understand the goals of treatment, conventional options, and the evidence and safety of CAM therapies. Legal issues affecting CAM providers such as licensing, referrals, and malpractice are reviewed.
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Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin. Mayo Clinic Principles of Shoulder Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190602765.001.0001.

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Mayo Clinic Principles of Shoulder Surgery was written for individuals just starting to learn about shoulder surgery or health care providers who need a clear understanding of the basics when they occasionally evaluate a patient with a shoulder condition (i.e., family practitioners, physician assistants, physical therapists, nurses, operating room personnel), with a clear goal: convey the fundamentals of shoulder surgery concisely and thus serve as a strong foundation upon which knowledge and experience can be built. If you are a shoulder expert, this book is too simple for you. You already know the basic principles of shoulder surgery. Currently, most shoulder books are authored by multiple contributors under the guidance of one or more editors; however, the author believed that his vision would be achieved best by a single author reflecting the shoulder surgery practice at Mayo Clinic.
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