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1
Hsieh, Yung Cheng, Kuo Kun Lee, Ssu Yi Cheng, and Chih Cheng Kao. "Offset Printing Quality Characteristics of Rich Mineral Paper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 320–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.320.
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Rich mineral paper (RMP) has the advantage of being energy efficient, clean and creating no pollution during its production processes, with low production costs, and enjoying naturally complete biodegradability, fully compatible with the emerging demands for energy efficient carbon reducing features and the trend for environmentally green solutions, so if this media can replace traditional paper uses to become a new print media, tremendous environmental efficacy can be expected. So this study aims to discuss the print quality performance characteristics of RMP applications in large print run offset printing operations. The study deploys True Experimental Study methodology, with use of the digital printing test target of Graphic Arts Technical Foundation (GATF), with flat offset printing on traditional coated paper and eco-friendly RMP, printing 800 sheets of each, with systematic random sampling of 35 samples for the study. Quality determinations rely on X-rite i1 Pro for elucidation of the printing quality characteristics for solid ink density, TVI, contrast, gray balance, and color gamut measurement. The results of this study indicate the KCMY solid ink density and contrast of the eco-friendly RMP were less than traditional coated paper; TVI value was higher than traditional coated paper; color gamut performance was less than the traditional coated paper. Optimal gray balance combination for RMP was determined as follows: 7% tone with C7M3Y4, 30% tone with C30M28Y26, 60% tone with C60M58Y5, and 80% tone with C80M76Y66. The study suggests that ink particularly suitable for RMP uses remains in need of development. Additionally, the study found that use of RMP in the paper machinery indicated transverse and longitudinal tensile strength is slightly inferior to the traditional coated paper, resulting in unsmooth surfaces post-printing, for which it is recommended that RMP makers should consider paper machinery structural aspects when pursuing future research on modifying solutions for greater printing efficacy with RMP.
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De Keukeleere, Katrien, Glenn Pollefeyt, Jonas Feys, Jonathan De Roo, Hannes Rijckaert, Petra Lommens, and Isabel Van Driessche. "Chemical solution deposition of functional ceramic coatings using ink-jet printing." Pure and Applied Chemistry 87, no. 3 (March 1, 2015): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0938.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the development of environmentally-friendly precursor inks suited for ink-jet printing of functional ceramic coatings. We synthesized superconducting materials, SrTiO3 thin films for coated conductor applications and transparent TiO2 photocatalytic coatings. Here, we discuss all aspects of ink formulation, including the stabilization of metal ions, nanoparticle inks or combination of both. This demands the investigation and determination of the inks rheological parameters. Ceramic nanoparticles are often incorporated in our inks to decrease thermal processing temperatures (e.g., TiO2 or YSZ coatings...) or enhance the properties of the functional ceramic coating (e.g., pinning centres in superconducting coatings). These ceramic nanoparticles (ZrO2, HfO2, TiO2...) are synthesized through methods based on microwave heating from aqueous and/or organic solutions. With that, we aim at developing smart and environmentally friendly processes that require lower energy input.
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Tomaszewski, Grzegorz, Jerzy Potencki, Grzegorz Błąd, Tadeusz Wałach, Grzegorz Gajór, Alena Pietrikova, and Peter Lukacs. "Investigation of inkjet printed path resistance in the context of manufacture and flexible application." Circuit World 45, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-11-2018-0089.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the repeatability of path manufacturing in the drop on demand inkjet printing process and the influences of environmental and application factors on path resistance. Design/methodology/approach Paths were printed as multiline paths in packets one-, two- and three-layer paths on polyimide substrates using nanoparticle silver ink. The sintering conditions were determined experimentally. The paths were subjected to climatic and shock exposures and to bending processes. The resistance, profile and width of the paths were measured and analyzed. The temperature distribution for electrically heated paths was measured to identify the defects. Findings This research shows the repeatability of printing processes and identifies the sources that cause diversification in path parameters after the whole technological process. The influence of shock, climatic and mechanical exposures on path electrical properties is indicated. An effective method for identifying defects thermally is shown. Research limitations/implications The research could have limited universality by arbitrarily use of substrate material, ink, printhead, process parameters and kind of sample exposures. Practical implications The research includes practically useful information about the width, thickness, defects and resistances and their changes during a typical application for a path printed with different technological parameters. Originality/value This research presents the results of original empirical research on problems concerning the manufacture of paths with uniform parameters and shows how path parameters will change under exposures that may occur in a typical application. The research combines both production and application aspects.
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Ali, Muhammad, Long Lin, Saira Faisal, Iftikhar Ali Sahito, and Syed Imran Ali. "Optimisation of screen printing process for functional printing." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 5 (September 2, 2019): 456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-05-2019-0043.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain the effects of screen printing parameters on the quantity of ink deposited and the print quality in the context of printing of functional inks. Both these aspects of printing are crucial in the case of conventional and functional printing. This is because, in the case of conventional printing, the quantity of ink deposit affects the color strength while in the case of functional printing, it directly affects the resulting functionality of the ink layer. Design/methodology/approach In this work, an automatic lab-scale screen printer was used to print functional inks on a paper board substrate. The printing parameters, i.e. printing pressure and squeegee angle were altered and the resulting effects on the quantity of ink that was deposited were recorded. The quantity of ink deposit was related to its surface resistivity. In addition, the quality of the print was also assessed by examining the design registration quality. Findings The authors found that altering the squeegee angle has a significant effect on the properties of the resulting ink deposit. More importantly, the authors found that the deflection in the rubber blade squeegee was greatly dependent on the initial angle of the squeegee at the start of the printing stroke. For each set value of the squeegee angle that was considered, the actual angle during printing was recorded and used in the analysis. A printing pressure of three bars and squeegee angle of 20° resulted in the maximum weight of ink deposit with a correspondingly lowest surface resistivity. Practical implications This study is envisaged to have considerable practical implications in the rapidly growing field of functional printing of flexible substrates including, but not limited to, textiles. This is because, the study provides an insight into the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of a functional ink deposit. Originality/value Screen printing of flexible substrates is a well-developed and arguably the most widely used printing technique, particularly for textiles. Numerous studies report on the analysis of various aspects of screen printing. However, to the best of the knowledge, the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of functional inks, such as electrically conductive inks, have not been studied in this manner.
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Aydemir, Cem, and Samed Ayhan Özsoy. "Environmental impact of printing inks and printing process." Journal of graphic engineering and design 11, no. 2 (December 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/jged-2020-2-011.
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In the Printing Industry, printing inks, varnishes, lacquers, moistening solutions and washing solvents (ethanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, n-propanol, hexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, isopropyl acetate, propyl acetate, dimethyl ketone, glycols and glycol ethers) contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and air pollutants (HAPs). Especially solvent based inks used for flexo, gravure and screen printing, offset printing dampening solutions and cleaning solvents contain high concentration of VOC. These organic compounds evaporate during the production process or contribute to the photochemical reaction. VOCs and HAPs, together with sunlight and nitrogen oxides, cause photochemical smoke, air particles and ground level ozone emission in the atmosphere. The VOCs and heavy metals can lead to soil and even water pollution when left in landfill. The amount of solvent retained by flexo, gravure and screen-printed products is 3-4% of total ink solvent used. The solvent in the printed ink content, except for the one held by the printed material evaporates in its own environment after the printing process. Most of these solvents and organic compounds used in printing environment contain at least one carbon and hydrogen atom and have negative effects on health and environment.In this study, the environmental impacts and risks of inks and solvents used in the printing industry have been evaluated. Measures to be taken to reduce and manage these environmental effects and risks have been addressed and recommendations have been made.
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Yan, Ji Fang, Bei Qing Huang, Xian Fu Wei, and Jin Wei Dai. "The Effects of Resin on the Performance of Water-Based Inkjet Ink Used in Printing." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.44.
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People pay more and more attention to water-based printing inkjet ink which has no environmental pollution and fits environmental protection requirements. Inkjet printing technology could be applicable small batch and various variety products and satisfy the customer’s personalized requirements. Resin as one of the main compositions of printing inkjet ink has important effects on ink’s performance. To determine the effects of resin on the performance of water-based printing inkjet ink, adopting grinding method prepare the samples by changing resin and its proportion. By testing the samples’ particle size, viscosity, surface tension, pH value, the effects of resin on the water-based printing inkjet ink were analyzed. The results show that the type of resin and composite ratio has some effects on the performance of printing inkjet ink. When the resin was mixed in accordance with Resin B/Resin C=29/21, the performance of printing inkjet ink which was diluted with this resin was better.
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Zhang, Y., H. Shi, and Y. Qian. "Biological treatment of printing ink wastewater." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0066.
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Printing ink wastewater is usually very difficult to treat biologically and its chemical oxygen demand (COD) far exceeds standards of discharge. The COD in wastewater is usually 3,000 to 8,000 mg/L after flocculation and sedimentation. Herein, a strain of bacterium was isolated from the sludge and identified as Bacillus sp. and utilized to treat printing ink wastewater. The application of bacteria to degrade printing ink in wastewater is discussed in this paper. The influence of N and P sources on COD removal, and COD removal in combination with glucose was also discussed. More than 85 per cent of the COD could be removed using the proposed biological process. A novel internal airlift loop bioreactor with bacteria immobilized onto ceramic honeycomb support was used for the wastewater treatment.
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Tian, Hai Ying, Xian Fu Wei, and Bei Qing Huang. "Influence of Ink Performance on Ink-Jet Printing Quality." Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (November 2013): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.348.
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The era of environmental protection and personalization has become increasingly prominent, and people not only focus on the beauty of the design, but also pay more attention to the quality of the clothing. For inkjet printing, the viscosity and surface tension of ink are major factors that affect the quality of ink-jet printing. In order to obtain a better print quality, the samples of five different viscosity and surface tension of ink were prepared respectively by changing the content of the resin and the surface active agent. Using these samples to print on the fabric by Epson printer, and to discuss the influence of the ink in different viscosity and surface tension on the ink-jet printing quality, such as apparent color depth (K / S), color parameters (L, C), permeability, clarity. The results showed that: with the increase of the ink viscosity, the apparent depth of color yield increased gradually and became darker in color. L value decreased gradually and had a increasing trend, and tends to be stable. C value increased and vividness of the color was improved. And it also had a certain impact on the infiltration resistance and clarity. Surface tension also had a significant impact on the depth of the apparent color, vividness of the color and directly affected the ink permeability and clarity.
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Bohlin, E., and C. Johansson. "Print quality of flexographic printed paperboard related to coating composition and structure." January 2018 17, no. 01 (February 1, 2018): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj17.01.43.
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Ink transfer and setting influence the achievable print quality and visual appearance. The pressure in the printing nip and the porosity of the substrate regulate the amount of ink that penetrates into a porous coating structure. The purpose of this study was to understand how print quality aspects could be related to ink penetration of water-based flexographic ink into coatings of differently engineered structures: calcium carbonate (GCC) of various particle size distribution (PSD), coatings with different amounts of latex binder, and coatings with various blends of GCC and kaolin. Calcium carbonate with broad pigment PSD resulted in a lower print density compared to coatings of narrowly distributed particle sizes. Coatings of larger pore volume and greater dominating pore radius showed a higher amount of z-directional ink penetration. A high ratio of uncovered areas (UCA) could be detected for samples with high amount of latex. However, increased printing force eliminated these artefacts. Increased printing force increased the print density to a higher degree than did a reduced ink viscosity for coatings with pure GCC. For coating layers containing both GCC and kaolin clay, decreased ink viscosity had a stronger impact on the print density than increased printing force. Print density was also affected by ink penetration, suggesting that the optical response is sensitive to the ink-substrate interaction layer. The result presented in this work also suggests that the print gloss decreases with increased amount of penetrated ink due to a higher rate of ink vehicle removal.
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Gora, Nelu, and Vistrian Mătieş. "Studies Regarding The Evolution And Development Of Documents Printing Technologies." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (August 15, 2014): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cplbu-2014-0081.
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AbstractThe paper presents a study of the evolution in development of documents printing technology, characterized in terms of the technical performance like print speed, resolution, repeatability, gamut etc., and of meeting the requirements of sustainable development and environment protection. Are analyzed printing technologies with toner and ink. Ink printing technology is emphasized using liquid and solid ink and toner printing based on the xerographic process, using organic xerographic drums.The trend in the development of these technologies is to increase technical performance while meeting environmental requirements. In this context the main items are detailed on solid ink printing technology, widely promoted by the representative company in the market.
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Bogy, D. B., and F. E. Talke. "Mechanics-Related Problems of Magnetic Recording Technology and Ink-Jet Printing." Applied Mechanics Reviews 39, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 1665–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3149508.
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In this paper, mechanical aspects of magnetic recording technology and nonimpact printing are discussed. In the recording area, theoretical and experimental aspects of air bearing theory, head/disk dynamics, and head/disk tribology are studied. Flutter of rotating disks is investigated, the flow field between rotating disks is described, and nonrepeatable run-out of disk file spindles is studied. Furthermore, the head/disk interface for flexible media is discussed and dimensional stability of flexible substrate is examined. In the printing area, experimental and theoretical investigations using continuous and drop-on-demand fluid jets are presented, and numerical calculations of the drop formation process in drop-on-demand fluid jets are described.
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Yang, Kun, Rui Zhi Shi, Ming Xiao Wang, and Xiao Zhou. "The Application of Environmental Protection Long-Lag Material in Printing Ink of Fluorescent Map." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.89.
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With the development of fluorescent technology, the application area of fluorescent material is expanding, which includes the fields of traffic, national defence, architecture, detection, decoration etc. In the field of printing, whether in the value of utility or view and admire, fluorescent adds tremendous energies. However, a majority of fluorescent materials used nowadays contain radioelement, which will do harm to human health. This paper considers the needs of fluorescent map printing, according to the defects of traditional fluorescent material such as low brightness, short duration time, strong radioactivity, limitation to spot color printing etc. It improves the capability of long fluorescent lag material and makes red, blue, green and yellow long fluorescent lag materials. Meanwhile, it tests the influence of ink thickness, illumination time and granule size etc. on irradiance capability. The thicker the ink is, the longer of the lag time will be. The bigger the granule size is, the lag time will be. It also tests its radioactivity extent, which is in the safety range and reaches the standard of environmental protection. According to the special requirement of map printing, this paper brings forward the technique scheme of the application of long fluorescent lag ink in map printing,which realizes the color fluorescent map printing.
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Othman, Norazli, Liaw Lerk Lerk, Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan, and Roslina Mohammad. "Comparative Content of Harmful Substances Contained In the Raw Material for Various Types of Printing Ink." International Journal of Research in Science 3, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijrs.2017.3.4.07.
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Printing ink is one of the chemical industry that can be considered as a high risk industry due to it is a manufacture industry that involved all kinds of chemical materials. Thus, reliability data is important for the environmental safety in chemical industries. This study aims to compare the hazardous substances in raw materials for various printing ink production and propose the control measures in the ink production process. Three types of printing ink raw material i.e sheet-fed ink, cold-set ink and heat-set ink were considered in this study. This study was conducted by using a quantitative approaches. Data were collected through Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Hazardous substances were identified from the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number of the raw materials. The result of the study shown that there are eight hazardous chemical substances in sheet-fed ink, cold-set ink and heat-set ink. The hazardous raw materials identified are mainly from the category of pigment, solvents and additives. From the study of the three types of ink printing, sheet-fed inks contain harmful chemicals that are the lowest of 33.27%, followed by thermal ink-set of 41.73% and cold-set inks of 61.86%. The results also shown that solvents are identified to contribute highest percentage as hazardous chemical substances in the printing ink, followed by additives and pigment. The results of the research shown that the production workers in the printing ink production process are at highly exposed to the hazards. The hierarchy of hazard control based on Department Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) are proposed to control the hazardous chemical substances. The recommended control measures of possible hazards and risks based on the work activities are elimination, engineering control, administration control and personal protective equipment. This research is very important as it will enhance the precautions and safety knowledge of the employer and employee in handling the chemical substances in the printing ink production process.
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Li, Lu Hai, Xian Leng, Wen Zhao, Peng Du, Xu Wei Hu, Shi Gang Liu, Guang Jie Li, Wen Guan Zhang, and Sheng Min Zhao. "Research on Environment-Friendly Ink and Fine Chemicals." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.48.
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Environment protection has aroused big concern in industrial development nowadays, and the printing industry has always been known as a big paper consumer and environmental pollution "contributor". In 1980s, Europe and the United States pioneered the concept of environment-friendly printing. China has also issued “Regulations for Environmental Labeling Products—Ink” since the 2008, which contains similar provisions of limited demand with those regulations of USA, EU, Japan, New Zealand and other countries. Environment-friendly ink is the key to achieve environment-friendly printing, and fine chemicals as an indispensable component is the sticking point to control. This paper describes the relevant laws of environment-friendly ink, types of environment-friendly colorant and the actual application, such as in inkjet and flexographic printing field.
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Papadopoulos, Konstantinos P., Rafailia Argyriou, Christina N. Economou, Nikolina Charalampous, Stefanos Dailianis, Triantafyllos I. Tatoulis, Athanasia G. Tekerlekopoulou, and Dimitris V. Vayenas. "Treatment of printing ink wastewater using electrocoagulation." Journal of Environmental Management 237 (May 2019): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.080.
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Gu, Wen Juan, Ying Li, and Xiao Hui Zhang. "Printing Industry and the Environment." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 759–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.759.
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Development of green economy is the only way to relieve the restriction of resource, which is the effective and important way to improve economical benefit radically. Only in this way can continuable development be achieved. The research on pollution in printing industry was reported in this paper. The general pollutant such as solvents, exhaust gas, ink, and etc were summarized. The existing methods, measures and technologies which could solve or relieve the pollution of the printing industry on the environment were brought forward. The suggestions were advanced from country, enterprise, individual to science development aspects. The prospect would be fine with the efforts of the government, enterprise and human being.
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Abd El-Rahman Elsayed Saad, Ashraf, Cem Aydemir, Samed Ayhan Özsoy, and Semiha Yenidoğan. "Drying methods of the printing inks." Journal of graphic engineering and design 12, no. 2 (June 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/jged-2021-2-029.
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Accelerating the transition to post-print processes needed in the printing industry and shortening the time the product's release time is closely related to the drying time of the ink film. The drying of fluid ink on the surface of the print substrate, transforming from liquid to solid occurs physically and chemically in several ways. Drying systems can be functional alone on the surface of the printing substrate for an ink film or depending on the chemical content of the ink and the properties of the printing substrate, drying can be achieved at the same time with more than one system.Recently, in order to reduce climate, environmental and health impacts and with the development of technology, significant changes are also being experienced in the printing industry and preferences are changing. In this study, more environmentally friendly LED UV and microwave drying systems that save time and energy together with existing basic drying systems such as absorption, evaporation, oxidation-polymerization and conventional UV used in the printing industry are examined. The advantages of different drying systems to the printing industry, preferred drying systems and new studies on this issue have been evaluated.
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Gong, Ying, Bei Qing Huang, and Xian Fu Wei. "Comprehensive Research into the Influence of Resin on Properties of Environmentally Friendly Water-Based Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.15.
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As printing technology advances, environmentally friendly consumable printing materials have been explored. Water-based ink has become a new research hotspot due to its printability and environmental friendliness. Resin is an important part of water-based ink which functions as the carrier of the pigments. Its performance directly affects the printability of the ink. In order to obtain optimal ink formulation, different resins were applied and tested. This paper emphatically analyzes and discusses: (a) different resins and its performance in water-based covering ink; (b) cultivate an evaluation and rating system of resins applied. The water-based ink does not contain volatile organic compounds (VOC), which makes it to the benefit of environment protection and sustainable development.
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Yang, Ling, Xian Fu Wei, Bei Qing Huang, Wan Zhang, and Yang Yue. "Effect of Solvent on the Property of the Infrared Absorbing Inkjet Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.505.
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The infrared absorbing inkjet ink is composed of infrared absorbing materials, resin, assistant agent and solvent that has a great influence on the main performance of the ink. Based on the consideration of environmental factors, five alcoholic solvents were chosen and prepared into ink samples respectively. The effect of different solvents on the properties of the ink was discussed. Then the ink sample was prepared by the most optimal proportion of blends with solvent through the principle of formulating of recipe, the printing sample was attained and tested. The experiments showed that the solvents had a great influence on the properties of the viscosity, infrared absorption strength, surface tension of infrared absorbing ink, which directly affected the ink-jet printing eligibility and security effect. The developed ink has good performance and security effect.
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Si, Zhan Jun, and Yu Li. "Study on the Color Rendering Effect of High Glossy Color Inkjet Paper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (November 2013): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.286.
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The material for ink-jet printing is very extensive, but now paper media is the most commonly used one, because the image of glossy ink jet paper printed clear and bright, shiny, light fastness and excellent color fastness in the aspects of indoor display packaging. Therefore, this paper combined the traditional test method and modern computer image analysis technology together, to formation the evaluation system of color rendering performance on a suitable color ink jet paper, in order to qualitative and quantitative evaluate to paper printing color rendering.This paper mainly used six kinds of different brands glossy inkjet paper as the pattern and carries on the experiment measurement and objective visual subjective evaluation. Subjective evaluation aspect, choose a certain number standard observer to do subjective quality evaluation. Objective evaluation aspect, using the experiment testing paper properties, through test the paper print image macro and micro color reference which on the different brand color ink-jet printing paper, and add the analyze the effects of combined with the basic properties of different paper color rendering of ink-jet paper, to ensure comprehensive and objective reflect the effect of color rendering.Through the above methods, qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate of the different paper pattern of the color rendering performance, it would be provide reference and evaluation method for glossy inkjet paper in the research of color rendering effect.
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Ma, Li Yi, and Tsung Yu Hao. "A Print Performance Study of the Environmental Friendly Wide Gamut Process Inks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.119.
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To expend the printed color gamut is the most important area for today’s print quality. Conventional wide gamut printing technologies utilize six or seven colors. However, these processes increase the complexity and the cost. Therefore, the four-color wide gamut inks are becoming the major development in Taiwan’s printing industry. This study is focused on the print performance study of the four-color wide gamut inks in the domestic market that are complied with the RoHS regulations. In this study Tung-Ming and K+E wide gamut process inks were tested for their print performance. The press control was to comply ISO12647-2 specifications. The test forms were printed on both type 1 and type 2 papers that specified in ISO12647-2. The normal process ink set was also printed to compare with those wide-gamut color ink sets. The result shows that the both wide-gamut ink sets have reached color gamut larger than the ISO12647-2. In this study shows that the domestic normal process ink set can comply the international standard, and the developing wide gamut ink also reach the standard. However, the color characteristics and printability have to test before using these wide gamut color ink sets. With the optimized process control and color management system, the four-color wide gamut inks can produce the best color result on paper.
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Deng, Pu Jun, Wei Fang, and Gai Mei Zhang. "Research on the Quality of Pre-Glued Film Laminating." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.213.
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With the increasing demands for environmental requirements in printing industry, environmental protection material for coating film is also set forth requirements. The pre-glued laminting film is used more and more widely due to the simple laminating operations, energy consumption, low pollution, high overall efficiency. In this work, the impact was investigated experimentally of the printed ink surface conditions including the thickness of ink, ink emulsification, ink viscosity, ink drying time on the laminating quality. The tested samples were obtained using printability tester on the different printing conditions, then the samples were laminated using the laminating machine to obtain the sample of laminated film. In order to evaluate laminating quality, using universal tester the laminating strength were measured for samples. The tested results show that the surface of the ink printed has different degrees of impact on laminating quality.
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Vasiljevic, Dragana, Cedo Zlebic, Goran Stojanovic, Mitar Simic, Libu Manjakkal, and Zoran Stamenkovic. "Cost-effective sensors and sensor nodes for monitoring environmental parameters." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 31, no. 1 (2018): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1801011v.
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This paper reviews the design and characterization of humidity and pH sensors manufactured in the printed circuit board (PCB), ink-jet, and screen printing technologies. The first one (PCB technology) provides robust sensors with PET film which can be exposed to harsh environment. The second (ink-jet technology) can manufacture sensors on flexible substrates (foils and papers). The third (screen printing technology) has been used to implement a thick-film sensor. In addition to this, a multi-sensor cloud-based electronic system with autonomous power supply (solar panels) for air and water quality monitoring has been described. Finally, a flexible and modular hardware platform for remote and reliable sensing of environmental parameters has been presented.
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Lin, Ching Hui, and Chin Mei Lin. "The Study in the Application of Nanotechnology Digital Printing in Clothing Pattern Design." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.674.
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Nanotechnology, in the 21st century, is the biggest driving force in the development of technology and industry, which has its wide range of applications. In traditional industries, nanotechnology can be applied to the development of digital printing ink. Digital printing appears as a new printing technology in the 1990s, the 20th century. And in recent years, along with the trends of a global energy saving and carbon reduction, the concept of producing green products with low-carbon, water saving, energy abating, pollution decreasing attributes has arisen. The introduction of digital printing to textiles brings the speed, flexibility, wide areas of color selection, environmental protection and the potential of cost saving etc; the technology becomes a major breakthrough in the textile printing industry. The industry is committed to the technology of environmental friendly digital printing and goes toward to a new pattern of bright future in fashion design. While the globe puts effort to develop digital printing, the core technology should not only focuses on how to come up with high-speed, large amount, low-cost machines, but also the R & D to the making and applications of digital printing, which has a great impact on digital printing quality. At the present, the digital printing ink of the reactive ink / acidic ink is applied to cotton fabrics and the fabrics containing hemp content. The printing process is from the fabric pretreatment → inkjet printing →solid color processing → washing → drying. Moreover, sublimation transfer ink is applied to fabrics containing polyester fiber content; but it cannot be fully colored the fabrics of general 100% cotton and silk, which is the biggest drawback of this sublimation transfer ink. Therefore, this study, primarily through the Nanotechnology with green environmental protection and reduction of carbon from Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd., captures the moral of the cultural patterns of the local characteristics by the techniques of changing, modeling, designing, and arranging on the patterns of dress design. And it uses computer graphics software, Adobe Photoshop & Illustrator, to draw and trim the separate pattern and the foursquare consecutive pattern for the completion of fashion pattern designs. And it applies the features of the nano pigment ink on the fabrics of cotton, hemp, silk, and polyester fiber to interpret the artistic style of the local through digitized programming language. The importing of nanotechnology refills new sources of industrial competition. This study expects to explore the nanotechnology digital printing and combine with the design of the clothing pattern transforming on the designs, grinding pigment molecules to nano ultra-fine level with reduced light scattering phenomena and good light purity. Fully demonstrating the features of natural bright color, the endurance of pigment water and the light fastness will be able to create a lager space of application and market in the digital printing industry.
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Gong, Ying, Bei Qing Huang, and Xian Fu Wei. "Research on Environmentally Friendly Water-Based Covering Ink and its Application in Scratch-Type Invoice Printing." Advanced Materials Research 937 (May 2014): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.937.508.
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With the development of printing technology, greater emphasis has been laid on environmentally friendly materials. Due to its printability and environmental friendliness, Water-based flexo ink is gradually gaining popularity at home and abroad, and has been widely applied in the field of printing. Different from other kinds of bills, scratch-type invoices have an additional scratch area on the surface, which highly covering performance is required for the ink applied. This paper emphatically analyzes and discusses: (a) flexo water-based covering ink and its application in scratch-type invoice covering region printing; (b) how to explore and evaluate new developed green inks. Compared with traditional inks, the water-based flexo ink is free of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), and its popularization might have significant meanings for the environment protection and sustainable development.
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Li, Wei Wei, Lu Hai Li, Li Xin Mo, Xu Wei Hu, Xian Leng, Hua Fang, Wen Bo Li, and Shu Kun Li. "Progress of Printing RFID Antenna Using Water-Based Conductive Ink." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.137.
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The RFID antenna is mainly fabricated by metal coil winding, copper or aluminum etching, plating, printing and so on. In this paper, the comparison of above methods is conducted and the progress of the printing method and water-based conductive ink are emphasized. Water-based conductive inks are environmental-friendly, economic, high applicability, and are widely used in screen printing, gravure, flexible printing, inkjet printing, etc. Although starts late and the technology is not very mature, the RFID antenna prepared by printing method has many advantages, such as low cost, high precision, easy operation, variety of substrates, etc. Thus the printing has great potential applications on the fabrication of RFID antenna. Furthermore, water-based conductive inks used in ink-jet printing RFID antenna will be the first choice of printed RFID antenna.
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Zhang, Zhen Xing, Bei Qing Huang, and Xian Fu Wei. "Research on Adherence of Plastic UV Frosted Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (November 2013): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.30.
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Plastic UV frosted ink is a novel frosted ink used for the plastic substrate,As a kind of environmental printing ink, plastic UV frosted ink is attracting more attention in the application of the food packaging printing Adherence is an important performance of Plastic UV frosted ink which has directly effect on the quality of the coating and the following process. Different prepolymers, monomers and additives plastic UV frosted ink samples prepared to test their adhesion on PET substrate,explores the prepolymer, kind and content of monomer and additives for plastic UV frosted ink adhesionThe results showed that type and content of the prepolymer, monomer and additives had significant effect on the adhesion force of ink. Adhesion force of sample prepared by polyurethane prepolymer was the best. The higher degree of functionality, volume shrinkage was greater, the adhesion force was worse. An appropriate amount of additives could improve the adhesion force of ink.
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Ling, Hao, Ruwei Chen, Quanbo Huang, Feng Shen, Yuyuan Wang, and Xiaohui Wang. "Transparent, flexible and recyclable nanopaper-based touch sensors fabricated via inkjet-printing." Green Chemistry 22, no. 10 (2020): 3208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc00658k.
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Peřinka, Nikola, Markéta Držková, Danijela V. Randjelović, Paolo Bondavalli, Milena Hajná, Patrycja Bober, Tomáš Syrový, Yvan Bonnassieaux, and Jaroslav Stejskal. "Application of Ink-Jet Printing and Spray Coating for the Fabrication of Polyaniline/Poly(N-Vinylpyrrolidone)-Based Ammonia Gas Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 644 (May 2015): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.644.61.
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We report on the preparation of thin conducting films from the poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) stabilized polyaniline dispersions for the ammonia gas sensor applications. The dispersion is water-based and prepared by means of relatively simple chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline. Two processes were used for the ink deposition, the ink-jet printing and the spray-coating technique. With the former one, the ink was at first tested on the poly (ethylene terephthalate) foil to find a suitable combination of ink formulation and print parameters. After that, the final ammonia gas sensors were fabricated by both deposition techniques and compared. The aspects of the ink preparation and alteration, as well as the active layer properties, are analyzed by means of UV-vis spectroscopy, optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, profilometry and electrical measurements. The results obtained from each deposition technique are discussed. In both cases, the sensitivity to the ammonia gas has been demonstrated, making the proposed ink in combination with the two named deposition processes feasible for the potential large-area sensor production.
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Kozake, Katsuyuki, Tsuyoshi Egawa, Satoshi Kunii, Hiroki Kawaguchi, Toru Okada, Yushi Sakata, Manabu Shibata, and Norihiro Itsubo. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Flexible Package Printing with the “LUNAJET®” Aqueous Inkjet Ink Using Nanodispersion Technology." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 9851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179851.
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The share of digital printing on flexible plastic packaging has been increasing rapidly in response to the market demand for agility in Japan. To meet all these challenges, our response is the aqueous inkjet ink “LUNAJET®”. By combining aqueous pigment nanodispersions with precise interfacial control technologies, “LUNAJET®” can contribute to the rapid digitization of flexible package printing while, at the same time, improving the environmental performance. Our analysis includes an evaluation of the environmental impact due to the conversion from gravure printing with an analog press to digital printing using an inkjet printer with water-based inks. In addition, inventory analyses and characterizations were carried out. It is shown that a 75% reduction in CO2 emissions and 33% reduction in VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions can be expected, particularly in small-lot printing, where digital printing is most desirable. An environmental impact assessment was conducted in Japan, based upon the LIME3 (life cycle impact assessment method based on endpoint modeling version 3) approach. It was found that the waste reduction rate for aqueous inkjet printing, compared to analog printing, was as high as 57% for small-lot production, assuming a large variety of products; surprisingly, the reduction rate remained at 15%, even for long production runs. As the market rushes to embrace digital printing technologies for packaging, these results indicate that implementing inkjet printing using aqueous ink for flexible plastic substrates can reduce waste and decrease the environmental burden, both for short as well as long printing runs.
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Meteš, Azra, Natalija Koprivanac, and Antun Glasnovic. "Flocculation as a Treatment Method for Printing Ink Wastewater." Water Environment Research 72, no. 6 (November 2000): 680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143000x138292.
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Cai, Shuxiang, Yalin Sun, Zhen Wang, Wenguang Yang, Xiangyu Li, and Haibo Yu. "Mechanisms, influencing factors, and applications of electrohydrodynamic jet printing." Nanotechnology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1046–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2021-0073.
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Abstract E-jet printing is a micro- and nano-manufacturing technique that utilizes electric field-induced fluid jet printing for achieving better control and resolution than traditional jet printing processes. In addition to high printing resolution, E-jet printing has advantages in some aspects such as wide material applicability, which has been successfully applied in numerous applications that include sensors, transistors, tissue engineering scaffolds, and photonic devices. This article reviews the electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) printing technology, which mainly relies on the principle of electrohydrodynamic-induced fluid movement. At the same time, the process of jet formation and droplet deposition is described. The parameters, nozzle design, and ink characteristics of the jet printing process are summarized. Then, a number of concrete applications based on E-jet printing processes are described in this article. Finally, the future development of this technology has been prospected.
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Wang, Ming, Lisa Parrillo-Chapman, Lori Rothenberg, Yixin Liu, and Jiajun Liu. "Digital Textile Ink-Jet Printing Innovation: Development and Evaluation of Digital Denim Technology." Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 65, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 40407–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2021.65.4.040407.
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Abstract This research explored the potential for ink-jet printing to replicate the coloration and finishing techniques of traditional denim fabric and standardized the reproduction and evaluation procedure. Although denim fabric is widely consumed and very popular, one drawback to denim is that the finishing and manufacturing processes are energy and water intensive and can cause environmental hazards as well as generation of pollution through water waste, particularly at the finishing stage. Textile ink-jet printing has the potential to replicate some of the coloration and finishing techniques of traditional denim fabric without negative environmental impacts. A two-phase research project was conducted. In Phase I (P1), an optimal standard production workflow for digital denim reproduction (including color and finishing effects) was established, and six different denim samples were reproduced based on the workflow. In Phase II, an expert visual assessment protocol was developed to evaluate the acceptance of the replicated digital denim. Twelve ink-jet printing, color science, and denim industry experts finished the assessment.
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HSIEH, JEFFERY S. "Deinking of inkjet digital nonimpact printing." September 2012 11, no. 9 (October 1, 2012): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj11.9.9.
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Pigmented nonimpact (inkjet) printing is a concern in conventional flotation deinking, due to the problems associated with the hydrophilic, submicron-size pigment particles of the ink. Preliminary experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of a conventional flotation deinking process in detaching those inkjet particles from the fiber surfaces and network. A Denver D-12 laboratory flotation cell was used to test 100% old newsprint paper (ONP) with the ISO brightness target set to 58, which makes a paper recyclable. The inkjet-printed ONP was floated to 47 ISO brightness by the INGEDE Method 11. It was enhanced to 50 ISO brightness using flotation, with the addition of nonionic surfactant for better repulping. In addition, a patented electric field technology was used for further improving the floated ISO brightness to 52.5—yet still short of the 58 target for recycling. This improvement was reached with small air bubble sizes, which are more likely to collide and interact with ink particles, causing additional ink to be brought up to the surface of the water pool. The increasing problem of deinkability from digital nonimpact inkjet printing means that additional technical efforts are needed to overcome the crossroad between environmental concerns and technological progress. Papermills, inkjet suppliers, printer manufacturers, and academic and industrial deinkers should take collective action to meet the challenges to future success.
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Maturi, Mirko, Carolina Pulignani, Erica Locatelli, Veronica Vetri Buratti, Silvia Tortorella, Letizia Sambri, and Mauro Comes Franchini. "Phosphorescent bio-based resin for digital light processing (DLP) 3D-printing." Green Chemistry 22, no. 18 (2020): 6212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0gc01983f.
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This work presents a novel bio-based resin for DLP 3D printing using a photocurable polyester obtained from renewable resources. The ink is formulated with phosphorescent Ir-complexes and printed for both rigid and flexible structures.
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Sun, Jing Mei, Xian Fu Wei, and Bei Qing Huang. "Research on the Color Stability of Edible Ink-Jet Ink." Advanced Materials Research 380 (November 2011): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.380.85.
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Edible ink-jet ink is environmental friendly and all of its materials reach the food sanitation standards, so it can be directly printed on the surface of food, medicine and packaging in the way of non-contact ink-jet printing. Due to the acid and alkaline of food surface are different, and the food may experience low or high temperatures and long time exposure in the preserved process, so the stability of the ink is of vital important. Edible ink-jet ink has been prepared through choosing reasonable materials. And then, the performances of the ink such as viscosity, surface tension and pH value have been tested. Finally, the best formula of ink has been determined by evaluating the influence of the ink performances to the ink-jet printing quality. We prepared ink sample based on the best formula and stored it in normal temperature environment which is closed to outside, and evaluated the stability of the ink performance through regularly checking its performance; we evaluated the stability of the ink color under different PH value through adding a little acid-base regulator in it; we also evaluated the stability of the ink color to temperature and light through putting the coating sample in the environment with alternate high and low temperature and in the environment with strong light. The result shows that the stability of the ink is fine, and it can be preserved a month at least without any food preservative. The pH value, temperature and light have no influence to the ink color. So it has a favorable color performance and can be printed on the surface of food.
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Newman, J. D., A. P. F. Turner, and G. Marrazza. "Ink-jet printing for the fabrication of amperometric glucose biosensors." Analytica Chimica Acta 262, no. 1 (June 1992): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(92)80002-o.
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Wu, Xiaoli, Shuyue Wang, Zhengwu Luo, Jiaxin Lu, Kaiwen Lin, Hui Xie, Yuehui Wang, and Jing-Ze Li. "Inkjet Printing of Flexible Transparent Conductive Films with Silver Nanowires Ink." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061571.
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The inkjet printing process is a promising electronic printing technique for large-scale, printed, flexible and stretchable electronics because of features such as its high manufacturing speed, environmental friendliness, simple process, low cost, accurate positioning, and so on. As the base material of printed conductive patterns, conductive ink is the foundation of the development of printed electronics technology, and directly affects the performance and the quality of electronic products. In this paper, conductive ink with silver nanowires (AgNWs) was prepared, with AgNWs of lengths of 2–5 µm and diameters of 20 nm or so, isopropyl alcohol and ethylene glycol as the mixed solvents, and modified polysilane as the wetting agent. We discussed the relationship between the formula of the AgNWs ink and the surface tension, viscosity, contact angle between ink droplet and poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) surface, as well as the film-forming properties of the ink. Further, we analyzed the effects of the number of printed layers and the ink concentration of the AgNWs on the microstructures, photoelectric properties and accuracy of the printed patterns, as well as the change in the sheet resistance of the film during different bending cycles. The experimental results show that flexible transparent conductive patterns with a light transmittance of 550 nm of 83.1–88.4% and a sheet resistance of 34.0 Ω∙sq−1–78.3 nm∙sq−1 can be obtained by using AgNWs ink of 0.38 mg∙mL−1 to 0.57 mg∙mL−1, a poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate temperature of 40 °C, a nozzle temperature of 35 °C, and heat treated at 60 °C for 10 min. These performances indicate the excellent potential of the inkjet printing of AgNWs networks for developing flexible transparent conductive film.
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Yan, Fang, Guang Xue Chen, Ke Yong Zhu, and Rui Ling Yao. "Research on Recycling and Utilization of Waste Ink." Advanced Materials Research 800 (September 2013): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.800.67.
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With the development of printing industry, more and more waste ink appears. Currently, most wastes were dealt with by incineration or landfill, which brought great pollutions to the environment. Based upon co-boiling distillation, grinding, and toning, a method can convert waste ink into black for reuse, which reduces environmental pollutions from wastes.
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Ciornei, Mirela, Răzvan Ionuț Iacobici, Ionel Dănuț Savu, and Dalia Simion. "FDM 3D Printing Process - Risks and Environmental Aspects." Key Engineering Materials 890 (June 23, 2021): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.890.152.
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The application of the 3D printing processes is continuously increasing due to their large number of technical and economic advantages when produce prototypes, but in the mass fabrication as well, especially for metal printing of low dimension products. The process produces pollution as all technological processes. Noise, fume and polymer wastes are the main elements which exit from the process and they are not products. The types and the volumes of those pollution emissions depend on the process parameters. The paper presents the results of FDM process emissions analysis. It was recorded the noise for different stages of the printer functioning. It was measured the volume and the contents of the fume produced during the extrusion of the polymer, for PLA polymer and for ABS polymer filaments. Specific risks were analysed and conclusions were reported. The measurement was done for a random chosen product and the results were compared with the pollutant emissions from traditional technological processes applied to erect the same type of product. It has been concluded that the noise emitted during the FDM printing is about 82-85% of the noise produced when apply milling to create similar shapes and dimensions (it was recorded values for the sound pressure in a large range: 42-68 dB, depending on the working regime). Regarding the fume emission, the intensity of emission was up to 40% higher in the FDM process comparing to the milling process. That was explained as being a direct result of the fluid-viscous state in which the material is put during the printing process. When discuss about the risks, most of the main identified risks in the milling and/or extrusion process were almost inexistent in the FDM printing. Electrical injuries and heat injuries are the main risks to which the operator is exposed. Mechanical injuries are sensitively lower than in the traditional processes, as milling The FDM process is safer and produces lower material wastes. It can be concluded that the FDM printing process has lower impact with the environment and with the operator.
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Kang, Jian Shan, Hong Yan Chu, and Li Gang Cai. "Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Ink Key of Offset Printing Machine." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 1606–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.1606.
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This paper analyzes the defect of some methods for controlling the ink key of offset printing machine, and presents the advantage of adaptive fuzzy control. Aiming at the problem that the processing curve of offset printing is changed by the environmental impact of production, this paper analyzes this non-real-time measurement and control system with time delay and less test data, and proposes the method of adaptive fuzzy control to amend the control table and adjust the slope of the control curve according to the detection deviations. Finally, the control rules are adjusted to meet the actual situation. By simulating the control arithmetic with the example of the control of printing ink keys under specific conditions using Matlab / Simulink, it is proved to be effective to achieve the expectative effect.
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Zhu, Zhongqi, Zhiyuan Gong, Piao Qu, Ziyong Li, Sefiu Abolaji Rasaki, Zhiyuan Liu, Pei Wang, Changyong Liu, Changshi Lao, and Zhangwei Chen. "Additive manufacturing of thin electrolyte layers via inkjet printing of highly-stable ceramic inks." Journal of Advanced Ceramics 10, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40145-020-0439-9.
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AbstractInkjet printing is a promising alternative for the fabrication of thin film components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its contactless, mask free, and controllable printing process. In order to obtain satisfying electrolyte thin layer structures in anode-supported SOFCs, the preparation of suitable electrolyte ceramic inks is a key. At present, such a kind of 8 mol% Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (8YSZ) electrolyte ceramic ink with long-term stability and high solid loading (> 15 wt%) seems rare for precise inkjet printing, and a number of characterization and performance aspects of the inks, such as homogeneity, viscosity, and printability, should be studied. In this study, 8YSZ ceramic inks of varied compositions were developed for inkjet printing of SOFC ceramic electrolyte layers. The dispersing effect of two types of dispersants, i.e., polyacrylic acid ammonium (PAANH4) and polyacrylic acid (PAA), were compared. The results show that ultrasonic dispersion treatment can help effectively disperse the ceramic particles in the inks. PAANH4 has a better dispersion effect for the inks developed in this study. The inks show excellent printable performance in the actual printing process. The stability of the ink can be maintained for a storage period of over 30 days with the help of initial ultrasonic dispersion. Finally, micron-size thin 8YSZ electrolyte films were successfully fabricated through inkjet printing and sintering, based on the as-developed high solid loading 8YSZ inks (20 wt%). The films show fully dense and intact structural morphology and smooth interfacial bonding, offering an improved structural quality of electrolyte for enhanced SOFC performance.
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Guedez, Arlen A., and Wilhelm Püttmann. "Printing ink and paper recycling sources of TMDD in wastewater and rivers." Science of The Total Environment 468-469 (January 2014): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.046.
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Kumar, Pradeep, Yuvraj S. Negi, and Surendra P. Singh. "Offset printing behavior of baggase and hardwood paper sheets loaded by in-situ precipitation." BioResources 6, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.207-218.
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Standard handsheets of bleached bagasse and hardwood pulps were prepared with calcium carbonate filler loading by conventional method and by in-situ precipitation. The handsheets were printed with an IGT printability tester. The effect of filler loading by in-situ precipitation on ink transfer, print density, and print-through was studied. For a given amount of ink on the printing disk or on the paper, the print density was greater and the print-through was less for in-situ precipitation of filler when compared with the conventional filler loading.
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RODES-CARBONELL, ANA M., JOSUÉ FERRI, EDUARDO GARCIA-BREIJO, and EVA BOU-BELDA. "A preliminary study of printed electronics through flexography impression on flexible substrates." Industria Textila 72, no. 02 (April 22, 2021): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.02.202024.
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The work is framed within Printed Electronics, an emerging technology for the manufacture of electronic products. Among the different printing methods, the roll-to-roll flexography technique is used because it allows continuous manufacturing and high productivity at low cost. Apart from the process parameters, the ink and the substrate properties are some of the variables associated with the flexographic printing. Specifically, this study investigates the ink penetration, the print uniformity, the adhesion, the fastness, and the electrical behaviour of the same conductive silver ink printed on different flexible substrates through the flexography process. In addition to polymeric and siliconized paper substrates, which are typical used in printed electronics, two substrates were also chosen for the study: woven and nonwoven fabric. Optical, scanning electronic microscope (SEM), 4-point Kelvin and colour fastness to wash and rubbing analyses have been performed. The results concluded that, regarding the conductivity behaviour, porous substrates like textiles and nonwoven fabrics without pre and post treatments do not present acceptable results, whereas polymers or silicone papers do. Nevertheless, woven and nonwoven fabrics are a suitable early option regarding colour fastness to wash instead of thin polymeric and paper substrates that tear at the wash machine. A solution for an optimal printing on textiles would be the surface substrates pre-treatment by applying different chemical compounds that increase the adhesion of the ink on the fabric
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Xu, Bu Lei, Yang Zhao, Ling Ke Yu, Bing Xu, Hao Er Zhang, Wen Long Lv, and Dao Heng Sun. "Aerosol Jet Printing on Radio Frequency IDentification Tag Applications." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 1417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1417.
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag is one of the Automatic Identification technology, its application has been involved in all aspects of daily life. A new micro manufacturing technology called Aerosol Jet® printing is described to fabricate the RFID tag in this paper. The fabrication method of Aerosol Jet printing RFID tag is that print the line using sliver ink as the seed first, and then electroplate copper to increase the line width and thickness to reduce the resistance, thus it would get the higher quality factor Q. The width of seed lines printed is 60 μm with the tip of 250 μm in diameter. The inductance value of RFID tag printed is in the range of 2.87 μH to 2.97 μH, it meets the required value of 2 μH to 6 μH.
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Jung, T., T. J. Simat, and W. Altkofer. "Mass transfer ways of ultraviolet printing ink ingredients into foodstuffs." Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 27, no. 7 (July 2010): 1040–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19440041003596543.
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Yi, Qing, Xian Fu Wei, Bei Qing Huang, and Qi Wang. "Effect of Monomer on Performance of UV-LED Inkjet Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (November 2013): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.68.
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UV-LED inkjet ink is a promising environmental ink which has advantages as higher reaction speed, higher efficiency and energy saving, better environmental protection, its research and development can contribute to realizing green printing and its important for food packing security. Monomer is the important component of the UV-LED ink, in order to investigate the impact of monomer on dispersivity of UV-LED inkjet ink, seven kinds of monomers were chosen to prepare cyan color paste respectively and test their particle size and distribution. Then the ratio of co-monomers was achieved by formulation experiment to obtain the best dispersivity. In order to improve the performance of the UV-LED inkjet ink, different monomers were used to make ink samples separately, viscosity, surface tension, curing rate of the ink and flexibility and adhesion were tested. In the end, the ratio of co-monomers was achieved by formulation experiment to obtain the best overall performance. The results show that the monomer has a significant influence on the dispersion and curing rate of the UV-LED inkjet ink, but also has a great impact on film-forming properties of the ink after UV-LED curing.
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Maknakorn, W., P. Jutaporn, and W. Khongnakorn. "Coagulation and adsorption as pretreatments of thin-film composite–forward osmosis (TFC-FO) for ink printing wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 79, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 877–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.100.
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Abstract This study investigated the performance of coagulation with ferric chloride (FeCl3.6H2O) and adsorption with activated carbon used as pretreatments prior to thin-film composite–forward osmosis (TFC-FO) filtration of ink printing wastewater. Wastewater samples were collected from a printing factory located in Chao Phraya river basin where zero liquid-discharge standards are regulated. The FO filtration unit was operated in co-current mode with the cross-flow velocity of 600 mL/min using 2 M NaCl as draw solution. The FO membrane achieved 83.9–91.0% chemical oxygen demand and 91.2–99.9% color rejections. FO filtration of raw wastewater, coagulation-treated wastewater, and coagulation and adsorption-treated wastewater resulted in 56.3%, 49.0% and 46.1% of flux decline in 150 min. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry results revealed that cake formation caused by colloidal particles and pore blocking from precipitation were the major fouling mechanisms. Cake-enhanced concentration polarization also promoted adsorption of color and pigments at the membrane surface. Both fouling mechanisms were successfully mitigated by adsorption following coagulation pretreatment. Overall, the combined pretreatments and FO have potential for the effective treatment and reuse of ink printing wastewater.
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Lee, Chien-Liang, Chih-Hao Chen, and Chin-Wei Chen. "Graphene nanosheets as ink particles for inkjet printing on flexible board." Chemical Engineering Journal 230 (August 2013): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.06.093.
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