Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prior assessment

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Prior assessment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Dagavarian, Debra A., and Willam M. Walters. "Prior Learning Assessment: Outcomes Assessment of Prior Learning Assessment Programs." Journal of Continuing Higher Education 52, no. 1 (2004): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2004.10400278.

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Dagavarian, Debra A. "Prior Learning Assessment: Marketing and Financing Prior Learning Assessment." Journal of Continuing Higher Education 53, no. 1 (2005): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2005.10400062.

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Lakin, Mary Beth. "Prior Learning Assessment Corner: Advising the Prior Learning Assessment Student." Journal of Continuing Higher Education 49, no. 2 (2001): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2001.10400435.

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Pearson, Walter. "Prior Learning Assessment Corner: The Arguments For Prior Learning Assessment." Journal of Continuing Higher Education 49, no. 3 (2001): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2001.10400445.

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O'Grady, Martin J. "Assessment of prior achievement/assessment of prior learning: Issues of assessment and accreditation." Vocational Aspect of Education 43, no. 115 (1991): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408347308003681.

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O'Grady, Martin J. "Assessment of prior achievement/assessment of prior learning: Issues of assessment and accreditation." Vocational Aspect of Education 43, no. 2 (1991): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03115519108619451.

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Dagavarian, Debra, and Mary Beth Lakin. "Prior Learning Assessment Corner: Graduate-Level Prior Learning Assessment and Accreditation." Journal of Continuing Higher Education 51, no. 1 (2003): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2003.10401218.

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Eveslage, Sonja A., and Esther Taitsman. "Prior Learning Assessment: Graduate Prior Learning Assessment: Is the Time Right?" Journal of Continuing Higher Education 55, no. 2 (2007): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07377366.2007.10400124.

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Jackson, Jo. "Assessment of Prior Learning." Physiotherapy 89, no. 9 (2003): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)60191-5.

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Miller, Myrna R., and Laurent A. Daloz. "Assessment of Prior Learning." Equity & Excellence in Education 24, no. 3 (1988): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1066568880240309.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Dan, Or. "Improving prior knowledge assessment in process characterization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/126952.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, May, 2020<br>Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, May, 2020<br>Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 64).<br>A critical aspect of biologics manufacturing is creating a safe, reliable and consistent manufacturing process. The manufacturing process design includes process characterization (PC) experiments to demonstrate process robustness and provide data necessary for planning, risk mitigation, development of the control strategy, and successful execution of process validation. Performing PC experiments is resource intensive, both human and capital, so leveraging prior knowledge from previous experiments is essential. Until now, using data from past experiments data relied on a centralized static document called Prior Knowledge Assessment (PKA). The PKA aggregates the results of many statistical models that were created during past PC studies. Using the PKA provides insight, but leaves a lot of room for subjective decision making around questions, such as: How should products be grouped together? and What operating parameters are more important? The PKA also lacks uncertainty quantification for statistical significance. In this thesis, we aggregated data from past PC experiments across multiple molecules, and developed a machine learning framework to holistically analyze cross-product data from process characterization DOE studies. The model developed through this project provides interpretable predictions of sensitivity of Performance Indicators to Process Parameters variation. The model enables, for the first time, to assess and quantify the impact of parameters on indicators, even if they were not tested originally for a specific molecule. A novel user interface was created in order to bring the framework to life and create a "one-stop shop" for a scientist to interact with the model. This work improves process characterization decision quality. Potential benefits of this approach would be to increase speed and agility in process development and reduce number of future experiments.<br>by Or Dan.<br>M.B.A.<br>S.M.<br>M.B.A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management<br>S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center
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Lichtenfeld, Reena Diane. "Prior Learning Assessment at a Small, Private Midwestern Institution." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5368.

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A small college in the Midwestern United States has a prior learning assessment (PLA) program that has never been evaluated from the perspective of the faculty and staff. The problem is that campus leaders have a limited understanding of faculty and staff knowledge and their role in the PLA program. The study was approached from an appreciative perspective while exploring faculty and staff knowledge and perceptions related to PLA to address 3 research questions. The first 2 research questions were developed to better understand how faculty and staff describe their understanding of the PLA program and what they envision for the program. The final research question was a reflection of the descriptive data collected from the responses to the first 2 research questions. This formative program evaluation included an open-ended survey of 36 faculty and staff as self-selected to participate in the study from the entire faculty and staff population. Additionally, formal documents, including catalog, forms, and internet references associated with PLA were evaluated. Analysis was performed through manual methods including axial coding for the surveys, descriptive and axial coding for the formal documents, followed by thematic analysis. Faculty and staff reported that they had a limited understanding of the institution's PLA program and said they would like to have a stronger program than what they have now. Key results from the analysis indicate that the institution can improve the PLA program by clarifying the purpose, enhancing the policy supporting the program, improving processes, and further promoting the program. Positive social change can occur through the college developing improved PLA practices, thus helping to support students' education endeavors.
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Bedser, Mark Bernard. "An assessment of change readiness prior to significant organisational change." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001870.

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This research paper is broken up into three sections, namely an evaluation report, a literature review and research methodology. The evaluation report section is the assessment of the current state of change readiness within the Eskom Contact Centre’s based upon what the literature on change readiness prescribes. The timing of the change readiness assessment is just prior to significant organisational change. The organisational change that was about to be initiated by the organisation was initiated from the boardroom of the most senior echelons of the organisation, and was directed in a top down approach, being a strategic organisational change. The change is deemed to be critical to the organisation being able to meet its long term strategic and sustainability objectives. A critical examination of the literature explored the meaning of change readiness, the importance of it and explained the consequences for organisations that commit to transformational agendas without being ready. Key concepts such as such resistance to change and organisational inertia are described and differentiated from change readiness. The ADKAR change model and its change readiness assessment instrument were used due to the organisations preference for the model. The ADKAR model formed the framework for the analyses of the data, the discussion of the results and the recommendations to the organisation. The research conducted was quantitative in nature; a questionnaire was distributed to the employees of the seven Eskom Contact centre sites around the country through an email. A slightly modified version of the ADKAR change readiness questionnaire was sent via email with an on-line questionnaire link on it; and questions on individual readiness for change were used to assess the level of readiness of the employees. Most of the descriptive and inferential statistics were analysed with the use of Excel (version, 2010), with Factor Analysis being done in research showed that: - The factors as proposed by the ADKAR change readiness assessment questionnaire (i.e. Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement) are not different enough to be considered as independent factors for this data set. Based on factor analysis, the factors were subsequently amended from five to three, namely Readiness, Opportunity Realisation and Uncertainty. - The Contact Centre employees were somewhat ready for change. - The Contact Centres needed to focus on all amended ADKAR factors in order to improve the readiness of the department. - The readiness levels in response to the roll out were more or less uniform. The study shows that given Eskom’s preference for the ADKAR model, future research within Eskom should therefore be conducted more circumspectly with respect to ascertaining the validity of the ADKAR factors. The study also makes mention that future work and/or research will need to be conducted, specifically on the readiness of the organisation itself, in order to improve the probability of transformational success. The ADKAR assessment is a people focused assessment and therefore focuses only on the readiness of the individual. Factors such as the adequacy of the current state of resources within the organisation, which incorporate aspects such as infrastructure, technology and staffing, will also need to be assessed to make a more holistic statement of change readiness. A concise review of the literature is incorporated into the Evaluation Report of Section 1 to underpin the study. In Section 2 a more extensive review of the literature is presented. Similarly, the design of the research is discussed in more detail in Section 3 to both describe and justify the appropriateness of the research methodology, and to give a detailed account of the way in which the research was carried out.
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Blinkhorn, Ken. "Prior Learning Assessment, an investigation of nonsponsored learning for college credits." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41010.pdf.

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Joels, Lisa Anne. "The predictive value of sperm assessment prior to in vitro fertilisation." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310655.

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Zehri, Aqib. "Label‐free Microscopic Assessment of Glioblastoma Biopsy Specimens Prior to Biobanking." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/603671.

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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.<br>Introduction: Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor with a median 12‐ to 15‐ month patient survival. Improving patient survival involves better understanding the biological mechanisms of glioblastoma tumorigenesis and seeking targeted molecular therapies. Central to furthering these advances is the collection and storage of surgical biopsies (biobanking) for research. We addressed an imaging modality, confocal reflectance microscopy (CRM), for safely screening glioblastoma biopsy samples prior to biobanking to increase the quality of tissue provided for research and clinical trials. We hypothesize that CRM is a safe and effective method for screening specimens prior to biobanking. Methods: Intracranial implantation of human glioma cells was performed to create glioblastoma xenografts. Rodents xenografts were anesthetized to collect whole brain specimens, which were sectioned into tumor containing slices. One set of slices were incubated with DAPI and imaged. A coefficient of determination analysis was then used to compare cells identified with CRM to cells labeled with DAPI. The other set of slices were imaged using CRM at various time points and subsequently frozen for later analysis of DNA, RNA, and protein integrity. We subsequently imaged human glioma biopsies with CRM to determine cellularity and necrosis. Results: CRM provides definitive contrast between cell nuclei, cytoplasm, and extracellular tissue to help identify tumor regions, margins, and acellular regions of animal glioblastoma specimens without altering DNA, RNA, or protein expression of imaged tissue. When imaging fresh human biopsy samples, CRM can differentiate a cellular glioblastoma biopsy from a necrotic biopsy. Conclusion: These data illustrate CRM’s potential for rapidly and safely screening clinical biopsy samples prior to biobanking, which demonstrates its potential as an effective screening technique that can improve the quality of tissue biobanked for patients with glioblastoma.
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Ng, Ka-ming. "The impact of prior experience on teachers' perceptions of standards-referenced assessment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4003981X.

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Raulf, Judith F. "An institutional evaluation of perceptions and expectations of prior learning assessment programs /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1992. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1122938x.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1992.<br>Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Elizabeth Kasl. Dissertation Committee: Stephen Brookfield. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 310-320).
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Ng, Ka-ming, and 吳家明. "The impact of prior experience on teachers' perceptions of standards-referenced assessment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4003981X.

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McNally, John D. "Systematic Development and Validation of a Course of Instruction in Prior Learning Assessment." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3543.

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Many post-secondary schools across the country offer adult working students an opportunity to obtain at least partial credit for work and life experiences in their curriculum through portfolios. The primary goal of this project was to design, develop and evaluate a portfolio course for adult students at a small independent university. Design emphasized adult learning theory and incorporated instructional design best practices throughout. Also significant to the design was the implementation of the Quality Matters ™ Rubric. The project focus was to intertwine the six assumptions of adult learning theory while implementing best practices and effective instructional strategies, and to conduct formative and summative evaluations. The study incorporated a pre-test - post test instrument and satisfaction questionnaire for quantitative data collection. The results of this project are positive based on the evaluation data collected during this project.
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Books on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Prior learning assessment: Principles. Hurtubise HMH, 1995.

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College, Sheridan. The prior learning assessment guide. Sheridan College, 1995.

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National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting for Northern Ireland. The assessment of prior learning. National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting for Northern Ireland, 1995.

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CAUCE/OCULL Task Force on Prior Learning Assessment. Prior learning assessment: A discussion paper. The Task Force, 1995.

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Assessment of prior learning: A practitioner's guide. Nelson Thornes, 2002.

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Shaughnessy, D. Algonquin College project, prior learning assessment: Bibliography. Algonquin College, 1992.

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Aarts, S. Prior learning assessment implementation: Standards, policies, practices. Fanshawe College, 1994.

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Moerkerke, George. Assessment for flexible learning: Performance assessment, prior knowledge state assessment and progress assessment as new tools. Lemma BV, 1996.

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Ontario Council of Regents for Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology. Prior Learning Assessment Steering Committee. Information systems for prior learning assessment support: Discussion paper. Canadore College, 1994.

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C, Johnson Chantell, Flint Thomas A, and Council for Adult and Experiential Learning (U.S.), eds. Prior learning assessment: A guidebook to American institutional practices. Council for Adult and Experiential Learning, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Bonner, Sarah M., and Peggy P. Chen. "Assessing Student Prior Knowledge, Skills, and Beliefs." In Systematic Classroom Assessment. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315123127-4.

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Le Grand, Gwendal, and Emilie Barrau. "Prior Checking, a Forerunner to Privacy Impact Assessments." In Privacy Impact Assessment. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2543-0_4.

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Chetwynd, Daley, Keith Worden, F. Mustapha, and J. A. Rongong. "Damage Detection Using Prior Wavelet Decompositions." In Damage Assessment of Structures VII. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-444-8.145.

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Tamir, Pinchas. "Science Assessment." In Alternatives in Assessment of Achievements, Learning Processes and Prior Knowledge. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0657-3_4.

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Joosten-ten Brinke, Desirée, Dominique Sluijsmans, and Wim Jochems. "Support in Assessment of Prior Learning: Personal or Online?" In Technology Enhanced Assessment. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57744-9_5.

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Rustamov, O., and S. K. Sunkara. "Preliminary Assessment Prior to Oocyte Cryopreservation." In Preventing Age Related Fertility Loss. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14857-1_4.

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Birenbaum, Menucha. "Assessment 2000: Towards a Pluralistic Approach to Assessment." In Alternatives in Assessment of Achievements, Learning Processes and Prior Knowledge. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0657-3_1.

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Bradley, Linda D. "Gynecological Assessment Prior to Uterine Artery Embolization." In Radiological Interventions in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/174_2013_879.

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Lambert, Paul B. "Data Protection Impact Assessment and Prior Consultation." In Essential Introduction to Understanding European Data Protection Rules. Auerbach Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781138069848-30.

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Silbert, David I. "Risk Factor Assessment Prior to Ptosis Surgery." In Evaluation and Management of Blepharoptosis. Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92855-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Norzarini, A., A. Azhim, and T. Ushida. "Decellularized bovine meniscus in morphological assessment prior to bioscaffold preparation." In 2015 10th Asian Control Conference (ASCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ascc.2015.7244681.

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Halpin, S. Mark. "Assessment of flicker impact of fluctuating loads prior to connection." In Energy Society General Meeting (PES). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2009.5275496.

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Yap Siew Lin and Walter Juergen. "Characterization of palladium coated copper wire prior physical bonding assessment." In 2011 IEEE 13th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference - (EPTC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eptc.2011.6184436.

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Wu, Fang-Xiang, Jiarui Ding, and Guy G. Poirier. "A Framework for Mass Spectral Quality Assessment without Prior Information." In 2007 IEEE 7th International Symposium on BioInformatics and BioEngineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2007.4375759.

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Kuo, Po-Chen, Li-Chung Chuang, Dong-Yi Lin, and Ming-Sui Lee. "VR Sickness Assessment with Perception Prior and Hybrid Temporal Features." In 2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412423.

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Weizman, L., L. Joskowicz, L. Ben-Sira, B. Shofty, S. Constantini, and D. Ben-Bashat. "Longitudinal assessment of brain tumors using a repeatable prior-based segmentation." In 2011 8th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2011.5872740.

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Gandomkar, Ziba, Ernest Ekpo, Sarah Lewis, et al. "An end-to-end deep learning model can detect the gist of the abnormal in prior mammograms as perceived by experienced radiologists." In Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, edited by Frank W. Samuelson and Sian Taylor-Phillips. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2582099.

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Araque, Leonardo, Lifu Wang, Ajit Mal, Dulip Samaratunga, Christopher N. Sagrillo, and Jacob Rome. "Guided ultrasonic wave-based technique for assessment of composite structures with prior damage." In AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1081.

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Xu Shuyu, Zhang Liang, and Wang Jingqin. "Study on prior information fusion method in reliability assessment for low-voltage switchgear." In 26th International Conference on Electrical Contacts (ICEC 2012). IET, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.0695.

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Wang, Chuansheng, Haoyi Fan, Hong Zhang, and Zuoyong Li. "Pixel-Level Dehazed Image Quality Assessment Based on Dark Channel Prior and Depth." In 2019 IEEE Intl Conf on Parallel & Distributed Processing with Applications, Big Data & Cloud Computing, Sustainable Computing & Communications, Social Computing & Networking (ISPA/BDCloud/SocialCom/SustainCom). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispa-bdcloud-sustaincom-socialcom48970.2019.00227.

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Reports on the topic "Prior assessment"

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Stallings, Gary M., Jean L. Dyer, Richard L. Wampler, and Marshell G. Cobb. Prior Knowledge Assessment Guide. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada616387.

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Gaughen, C. D., and Joseph H. Brandon. Overview of Industry Guidance on Concrete Condition Assessment and Concrete Repair for use Prior to Coating. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada380955.

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Milchikov, A., G. Hund, and M. Davidko. A Radiological Survey Approach to Use Prior to Decommissioning: Results from a Technology Scanning and Assessment Project Focused on the Chornobyl NPP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13873.

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Milchikov, Aleksey, Marina Davidko, Bogdan Poralo, and Gretchen Hund. A Radiological Survey Approach to use Prior to Decommissioning: Results from a Technology Scanning & Assessment Project Focused on the Chornobyl NPP. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/962861.

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Saltus, Christina, and Glenn Suir. Remotely sensed habitat assessment of bottomland hardwood and swamp habitat : West Shore Lake Pontchartrain Hurricane Storm Damage Risk Reduction System potential impact area. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40559.

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This study used remote sensing techniques to identify and assess the current condition of bottomland hardwood (BLH) and swamp habitats within the West Shore Lake Pontchartrain (WSLP) hurricane storm-damage risk reduction system (HSDRRS) project area. This effort provides baseline knowledge of the location and quality of these habitats prior to the construction of the WSLP HSDRRS project. The resultant products will assist the USACE—New Orleans District (MVN) by informing ecosystem decision-making related to environmental assessments.
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Del Negro, Marco, and Frank Schorfheide. Forming Priors for DSGE Models (and How it Affects the Assessment of Nominal Rigidities). National Bureau of Economic Research, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13741.

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Roschelle, Jeremy, Britte Haugan Cheng, Nicola Hodkowski, Julie Neisler, and Lina Haldar. Evaluation of an Online Tutoring Program in Elementary Mathematics. Digital Promise, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/94.

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Many students struggle with mathematics in late elementary school, particularly on the topic of fractions. In a best evidence syntheses of research on increasing achievement in elementary school mathematics, Pelligrini et al. (2018) highlighted tutoring as a way to help students. Online tutoring is attractive because costs may be lower and logistics easier than with face-to-face tutoring. Cignition developed an approach that combines online 1:1 tutoring with a fractions game, called FogStone Isle. The game provides students with additional learning opportunities and provides tutors with information that they can use to plan tutoring sessions. A randomized controlled trial investigated the research question: Do students who participate in online tutoring and a related mathematical game learn more about fractions than students who only have access to the game? Participants were 144 students from four schools, all serving low-income students with low prior mathematics achievement. In the Treatment condition, students received 20-25 minute tutoring sessions twice per week for an average of 18 sessions and also played the FogStone Isle game. In the Control condition, students had access to the game, but did not play it often. Control students did not receive tutoring. Students were randomly assigned to condition after being matched on pre-test scores. The same diagnostic assessment was used as a pre-test and as a post-test. The planned analysis looked for differences in gain scores ( post-test minus pre-test scores) between conditions. We conducted a t-test on the aggregate gain scores, comparing conditions; the results were statistically significant (t = 4.0545, df = 132.66, p-value &lt; .001). To determine an effect size, we treated each site as a study in a meta-analysis. Using gain scores, the effect size was g=+.66. A more sophisticated treatment of the pooled standard deviation resulted in a corrected effect size of g=.46 with a 95% confidence interval of [+.23,+.70]. Students who received online tutoring and played the related Fog Stone Isle game learned more; our research found the approach to be efficacious. The Pelligrini et al. (2018) meta-analysis of elementary math tutoring programs found g = .26 and was based largely on face-to-face tutoring studies. Thus, this study compares favorably to prior research on face-to-face mathematics tutoring with elementary students. Limitations are discussed; in particular, this is an initial study of an intervention under development. Effects could increase or decrease as development continues and the program scales. Although this study was planned long before the current pandemic, results are particularly timely now that many students are at home under shelter-in-place orders due to COVID-19. The approach taken here is feasible for students at home, with tutors supporting them from a distance. It is also feasible in many other situations where equity could be addressed directly by supporting students via online tutors.
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Borrett, Veronica, Melissa Hanham, Gunnar Jeremias, et al. Science and Technology for WMD Compliance Monitoring and Investigations. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/wmd/20/wmdce11.

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The integration of novel technologies for monitoring and investigating compliance can enhance the effectiveness of regimes related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This report looks at the potential role of four novel approaches based on recent technological advances – remote sensing tools; open-source satellite data; open-source trade data; and artificial intelligence (AI) – in monitoring and investigating compliance with WMD treaties. The report consists of short essays from leading experts that introduce particular technologies, discuss their applications in WMD regimes, and consider some of the wider economic and political requirements for their adoption. The growing number of space-based sensors is raising confidence in what open-source satellite systems can observe and record. These systems are being combined with local knowledge and technical expertise through social media platforms, resulting in dramatically improved coverage of the Earth’s surface. These open-source tools can complement and augment existing treaty verification and monitoring capabilities in the nuclear regime. Remote sensing tools, such as uncrewed vehicles, can assist investigators by enabling the remote collection of data and chemical samples. In turn, this data can provide valuable indicators, which, in combination with other data, can inform assessments of compliance with the chemical weapons regime. In addition, remote sensing tools can provide inspectors with real time two- or three-dimensional images of a site prior to entry or at the point of inspection. This can facilitate on-site investigations. In the past, trade data has proven valuable in informing assessments of non-compliance with the biological weapons regime. Today, it is possible to analyse trade data through online, public databases. In combination with other methods, open-source trade data could be used to detect anomalies in the biological weapons regime. AI and the digitization of data create new ways to enhance confidence in compliance with WMD regimes. In the context of the chemical weapons regime, the digitization of the chemical industry as part of a wider shift to Industry 4.0 presents possibilities for streamlining declarations under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and for facilitating CWC regulatory requirements.
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Perdigão, Rui A. P., and Julia Hall. Spatiotemporal Causality and Predictability Beyond Recurrence Collapse in Complex Coevolutionary Systems. Meteoceanics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/201111.

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Causality and Predictability of Complex Systems pose fundamental challenges even under well-defined structural stochastic-dynamic conditions where the laws of motion and system symmetries are known. However, the edifice of complexity can be profoundly transformed by structural-functional coevolution and non-recurrent elusive mechanisms changing the very same invariants of motion that had been taken for granted. This leads to recurrence collapse and memory loss, precluding the ability of traditional stochastic-dynamic and information-theoretic metrics to provide reliable information about the non-recurrent emergence of fundamental new properties absent from the a priori kinematic geometric and statistical features. Unveiling causal mechanisms and eliciting system dynamic predictability under such challenging conditions is not only a fundamental problem in mathematical and statistical physics, but also one of critical importance to dynamic modelling, risk assessment and decision support e.g. regarding non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events. In order to address these challenges, generalized metrics in non-ergodic information physics are hereby introduced for unveiling elusive dynamics, causality and predictability of complex dynamical systems undergoing far-from-equilibrium structural-functional coevolution. With these methodological developments at hand, hidden dynamic information is hereby brought out and explicitly quantified even beyond post-critical regime collapse, long after statistical information is lost. The added causal insights and operational predictive value are further highlighted by evaluating the new information metrics among statistically independent variables, where traditional techniques therefore find no information links. Notwithstanding the factorability of the distributions associated to the aforementioned independent variables, synergistic and redundant information are found to emerge from microphysical, event-scale codependencies in far-from-equilibrium nonlinear statistical mechanics. The findings are illustrated to shed light onto fundamental causal mechanisms and unveil elusive dynamic predictability of non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events across multiscale hydro-climatic problems.
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