Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prior evaluation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Prior evaluation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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&NA;. "PRIOR EVALUATION." Nursing 27, no. 11 (November 1997): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199711000-00008.

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Power, R. E., D. P. Hickey, and D. M. Little. "Urological evaluation prior to renal transplantation." Transplantation Proceedings 36, no. 10 (December 2004): 2962–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.11.006.

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Delos Santos, Rowena B., Aleksandra Gmurczyk, Jagdeep S. Obhrai, and Suzanne G. Watnick. "Cardiac Evaluation Prior to Kidney Transplantation." Seminars in Dialysis 23, no. 3 (June 22, 2010): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-139x.2010.00725.x.

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Gupta, Pankaj C., and Jane T. Caty. "Astigmatism evaluation prior to cataract surgery." Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 29, no. 1 (January 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/icu.0000000000000446.

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Schäbe, H. "Post-data evaluation of prior assessment." Statistical Papers 34, no. 1 (December 1993): 339–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02925553.

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Genev, Ivo, Sanjeev Akkina, John J. Lopez, Subir Shah, Amishi Desai, Jongwon Yoo, Raquel Garcia-Roca, and Verghese Mathew. "STANDARDIZING CARDIAC EVALUATION PRIOR TO KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 75, no. 11 (March 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(20)30794-4.

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Kersten, Robert C., and Dwight R. Kulwin. "EVALUATION OF THE EYE PRIOR TO BLEPHAROPLASTY." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 86, no. 1 (July 1990): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199007000-00052.

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McKinney, Peter, and Mark Zukowski. "EVALUATION OF THE EYE PRIOR TO BLEPHAROPLASTY." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 86, no. 1 (July 1990): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199007000-00053.

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Gupta, Amit, Janet Stocks, and Gareth Jones. "Evaluation of Patients Prior to Air Travel." Chest 135, no. 3 (March 2009): 882–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-2072.

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Phillips, Brian D., and James V. Hennessey. "Iodinated contrast prior to evaluation for thyrotoxicosis." Journal of Hospital Medicine 4, no. 5 (May 2009): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhm.384.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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Duan, Yuyan. "A Modified Bayesian Power Prior Approach with Applications in Water Quality Evaluation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29976.

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This research is motivated by an issue frequently encountered in environmental water quality evaluation. Many times, the sample size of water monitoring data is too small to have adequate power. Here, we present a Bayesian power prior approach by incorporating the current data and historical data and/or the data collected at neighboring stations to make stronger statistical inferences on the parameters of interest. The elicitation of power prior distributions is based on the availability of historical data, and is realized by raising the likelihood function of the historical data to a fractional power. The power prior Bayesian analysis has been proven to be a useful class of informative priors in Bayesian inference. In this dissertation, we propose a modified approach to constructing the joint power prior distribution for the parameter of interest and the power parameter. The power parameter, in this modified approach, quantifies the heterogeneity between current and historical data automatically, and hence controls the influence of historical data on the current study in a sensible way. In addition, the modified power prior needs little to ensure its propriety. The properties of the modified power prior and its posterior distribution are examined for the Bernoulli and normal populations. The modified and the original power prior approaches are compared empirically in terms of the mean squared error (MSE) of parameter estimates as well as the behavior of the power parameter. Furthermore, the extension of the modified power prior to multiple historical data sets is discussed, followed by its comparison with the random effects model. Several sets of water quality data are studied in this dissertation to illustrate the implementation of the modified power prior approach with normal and Bernoulli models. Since the power prior method uses information from sources other than current data, it has advantages in terms of power and estimation precision for decisions with small sample sizes, relative to methods that ignore prior information.
Ph. D.
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Patil, Vivek. "Criteria for Data Consistency Evaluation Prior to Modal Parameter Estimation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627667589352536.

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FUENTES, CRISTINA DE LAS NIEVES ARANEDA. "PROBABILISTIC EVALUATION OF PETROLEUM PROSPECTS PRIOR TO WILDCAT WELL DRILLING." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5150@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Estudos econômicos de áreas com indícios de hidrocarbonetos estão imersos em incertezas de diferentes naturezas (geológicas, de engenharia e econômicas). No início do estudo, aspectos da geologia, dos fluidos, das rochas e do reservatório só são conhecidos por métodos indiretos que fornecem informações imprecisas. A redução dessas incertezas é limitada pelos elevados custos de perfuração de poços que permitam testes diretos. Conseqüentemente, decisões de investimentos de exploração têm que ser tomadas sob risco motivando, assim, o desenvolvimento de métodos para a avaliação econômica probabilística de propriedades. O foco desta dissertação é a avaliação econômica probabilística de recursos petrolíferos, antes da perfuração do poço pioneiro. O cálculo do valor econômico de uma propriedade depende das estimativas dos perfis temporais de receitas e custos associados ao seu desenvolvimento e produção (D e P). A obtenção de tais elementos requer um projeto de D e P para a propriedade que, em função dos dados disponíveis, é menos detalhado do que um projeto de simulação multicelular. Nesta dissertação, uma metodologia de avaliação baseada em simulação de Monte Carlo é apresentada juntamente com uma implementação- protótipo. A realização das numerosas replicações, necessárias para se obter uma avaliação probabilística, se torna viável graças a um programa capaz de gerar o projeto de D e P automaticamente. Esse programa foi desenvolvido pela Petrobras com base em regras fornecidas por um especialista. Além da justificativa para a abordagem adotada, da descrição e implementação do método, são feitas considerações sobre distribuições de probabilidade para codificar incertezas e sobre os resultados dos testes iniciais do sistema protótipo.
Economics studies of areas with indications of hydrocarbons are submerged in uncertainties of assorted natures (geological, of engineering and economical). At the start of the study, aspects concerning the geology, the fluids, the rocks and the reservoir are only known through indirect methods that yield imprecise information. The reduction of these uncertainties is limited by high costs of drilling wells that allow direct tests. Consequently, decisions on exploration investments have to be made under risk. This motivates the development of methods for probabilistic economic evaluation of properties. This dissertation addresses the probabilistic economic evaluation of petroleum resources, prior wildcat well drilling. Assessing the economic value of a property depends on estimates of incomes and costs time profiles associated to its development and production (D and P). Obtaining such elements requires a D and P project for the property that, due to the limited data available, is less detailed than a multi- cellular simulation project. In this thesis, a probabilistic evaluation methodology based on Monte Carlo simulation is presented along with a prototype implementation. Performing the numerous replications necessary to obtain a probabilistic evaluation becomes feasible thanks to a procedure capable of automatically generating the D and P project. That procedure was developed by Petrobras based on heuristic rules supplied by an expert. In addition to a justification for the proposed approach, the description of the method and its implementation, comments are made on probability density functions used for encoding uncertainties, and on the results of the initial tests with the prototype system.
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Raulf, Judith F. "An institutional evaluation of perceptions and expectations of prior learning assessment programs /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1992. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1122938x.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1992.
Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Elizabeth Kasl. Dissertation Committee: Stephen Brookfield. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 310-320).
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Balupuri, Shlokarth. "Evaluation of sub-optimal renal grafts and assessment of viability prior to transplantation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273496.

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Motaung, Mokabe Julia. "Quality assurance practice in the provisioning RPL (Recognition of prior learning)in higher education." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09062007-162307/.

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Martin, John Timothy. "A re-evaluation of Protestant missionary work in China prior to the Communist era." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1214.

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Rundin, Patrick. "Evaluation of a statistical method to use prior information in the estimation of combustion parameters." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6255.

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Ion current sensing, where information about the combustion process in an SI-engine is gained by applying a voltage over the spark gap, is currently used to detect and avoid knock and misfire. Several researchers have pointed out that information on peak pressure location and air/fuel ratio can be gained from the ion current and have suggested several ways to estimate these parameters.

Here a simplified Bayesian approach was taken to construct a lowpass-like filter or estimator that makes use of prior information to improve estimates in crucial areas. The algorithm is computationally light and could, if successful, improve estimates enough for production use.

The filter was implemented in several variants and evaluated in a number of simulated cases. It was found that the proposed filter requires a number of trade-offs between variance, bias, tracking speed and accuracy that are difficult to balance. For satisfactory estimates and trade-off balance the prior information must be more accurate than was available.

It was also found that similar a task, constructing a general Bayesian estimator, has already been tackled in the area of particle filtering and that there are promising and unexplored possibilities there. However, particle filters require computational power that will not be available to production engines for some years.


Vid jonströmsmätning utvinns information om förbränningsprocessen i en bensinmotor genom att en spänning läggs över gnistgapet och den resulterande strömmen mäts. Jonströmsmätning används idag för knack- och feltändningsdetektion. Flera forskare har påpekat att det finns än mer information i jonströmmen, bl.a. om bränsleblandningen och cylindertrycket och har även föreslagit metoder för att utvinna och använda den informationen för skattning av dessa parametrar.

Här presenteras en förenklad Bayesisk metod i form av en lågpassfilter-liknande skattare som använder förkunskap till att förbättra estimat på relevanta områden. Algoritmen är beräkningsmässigt lätt och kan, om den är framgångsrik, leverera skattningar av förbränningsparametrar som är tillräckligt bra för att användas för sluten styrning av en bensinmotor.

Skattaren, eller filtret, implementerades i flera varianter och utvärderades i ett antal simulerade fall. Resultaten visade på att flera svåra avvägningar måste göras mellan förbättring i varians, avvikelse och följning eftersom förbättring i den ena ledde till försämring i de andra. För att göra dessa avvägningar och få goda skattningar krävs bättre förhandskunskap och mätdata än vad som var tillgängligt.

Bayesisk skattning är ett stort befintligt område inom statistik och signalbehandling och den mest generella skattaren är partikelfiltret som har många intressanta tillämpningar och möjligheter. De har hittills inte använts inom skattning av förbränningsparametrar och har således go potential för framtida utveckling. De är dock beräkningsmässigt tunga och kräver beräkningsresurser utöver vad som är tillgängliga i ett motorstyrsystem idag.

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Foong, A. L. S. "Accreditation of prior experiential learning : studies in the development of a competency-based evaluation system." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285010.

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Barnet, Michael D. "Dreams Deferred| A Qualitative Study of Latino Youth Who Left High School Prior to Obtaining a Diploma." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557487.

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Each fall, approximately one million children enter the ninth grade with little prospect of completing high school. Of the 1.1 million students projected to leave school without a diploma for the 2012 school year, a staggering 27 percent (approximately 310,000) will be of Latino descent (Alliance for Excellent Education, 2012). The purpose of this study—"Dreams Deferred: A Qualitative Study of Latino Youth Who Left High School Prior to Obtaining a Diploma"—was to examine the perceptions and beliefs of Latino youth as they attempted to make meaning of the factors that led to their leaving school before graduation. Utilizing phenomenological research methods, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with ten individuals who had the shared experience of leaving high school prematurely. The phenomenological in-depth interview research design was chosen because the occurrence of Latino students leaving school without a diploma cannot be examined without consideration of how the experience was defined and felt by the students. In addition, multiple factors must be considered including the subjective impact of the students' social, cultural and educational histories on their school experience. The individuals were participants in a community-based GED program and were selected through purposeful sampling based on pre-identified selection criteria. The study focused on the participants' perceptions of their school experience and the events and influences that precipitated their premature departure from school. Data were collected through the in-depth interviews and detailed field notes of observations made during the interviews and program activities. Data analysis consisted of coding responses and clustering relevant statements into themes and patterns, which were then synthesized into descriptions of the participants' school experience and the factors associated with their leaving school prior to graduation. Data from the study revealed that the participants began to feel disengaged in middle school, and they perceived that their interaction with school personnel had a significant impact on their school experience. In addition, the participants cited multiple factors outside of school that diverted their focus from learning and ultimately contributed to their leaving school without a diploma. Recommendations for practice and additional research are included following a discussion of data.

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Books on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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College, Empire State. Evaluating prior college-level learning. [Saratoga Springs, N.Y.]: Empire State College, State University of New York, 1990.

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Prior learning assessment: Principles. LaSalle, Qué: Hurtubise HMH, 1995.

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College, Sheridan. The prior learning assessment guide. Oakville, Ont: Sheridan College, 1995.

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Peruniak, Geoffrey S. Prior learning assessment: Challenges to the integrity of experiential learning. Kingston, Ont: [Canadian Association for the Study of Adult Education], 1991.

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CAUCE/OCULL Task Force on Prior Learning Assessment. Prior learning assessment: A discussion paper. [Ontario]: The Task Force, 1995.

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Aarts, S. Prior learning assessment implementation: Standards, policies, practices. [London, Ont.]: Fanshawe College, 1994.

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Shaughnessy, D. Algonquin College project, prior learning assessment: Bibliography. [Nepean, Ont.]: Algonquin College, 1992.

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Wisconsin. Legislature. Legislative Audit Bureau. Evaluation of prior authorization for therapy and other services: Letter report. Madison, WI (22 E. Mifflin St., Ste. 500, Madison, 53703): Legislative Audit Bureau, 2002.

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Klem, Rosemary. Evaluation prior to selection of clinical placement departments in diagnostic radiography. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1992.

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Saltmore, Susan Margaret. An evaluation of psychological interventions prior to coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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Malhotra, Narendra, Jaideep Malhotra, Diksha Goswami Sharma, Shilpi Gupta, Neharika Malhotra Bora, Shally Gupta, and Garima Sharma. "Evaluation Prior to Controlled Ovarian Stimulation." In Principles and Practice of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in ART, 13–23. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1686-5_2.

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Lock, James E. "Evaluation and Management Prior to Catheterization." In Diagnostic and Interventional Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease, 1–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2333-4_1.

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Gazielly, D. F. "Clinical Evaluation Prior to Shoulder Arthroplasty." In Shoulder Arthroplasty, 39–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58365-0_5.

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Lock, James E. "Evaluation and Management Prior to Catheterization." In Diagnostic and Interventional Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease, 1–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3173-6_1.

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Camara, Mamadou, Yves Ducq, and Remy Dupas. "Methodology for Prior Evaluation of Interoperability." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 697–704. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15961-9_82.

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Silbert, David I. "Risk Factor Assessment Prior to Ptosis Surgery." In Evaluation and Management of Blepharoptosis, 29–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92855-5_4.

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Yan, Shengyuan, and Kun Yu. "Prior Evaluation Method of User Interface Design." In Zero-Carbon Energy Kyoto 2009, 369–72. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99779-5_60.

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O’Kane, Mary P. M. "Preoperative Dietary Evaluation Prior to Bariatric Surgery." In Obesity, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, 1–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54064-7_11-1.

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Youngberg, James E. "Prior Knowledge Analysis of Interfaces in CT Data." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 1279–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5772-8_164.

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Sato, Hiroshi. "Case 5: Precursory land tilt prior to the Tonankai earthquake of 1944, in some precursors prior to recent great earthquakes along the Nankai Trough." In Evaluation of Proposed Earthquake Precursors, 23–24. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/sp032p0023.

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Conference papers on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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Lee, Tae-Kyu. "Detection of Fatigue Damage Prior Crack Initiation with Scanning SQUID Microscopy." In QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2184685.

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Courard, L., F. Michel, D. Schwall, A. Van der Wielen, T. Piotrowski, A. Garbacz, F. Perez, and B. Bissonnette. "Surfology: concrete surface evaluation prior to repair." In MATERIALS CHARACTERISATION 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mc090381.

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Li, G., F. G. Yuan, R. Haftka, and N. H. Kim. "Bayesian segmentation for damage image using MRF prior." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.816507.

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Lekivetz, Ryan, and Joseph Morgan. "Evaluation and Construction of Covering Arrays Utilizing Prior Information." In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering Workshops (ISSREW). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/issrew.2018.00-17.

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Arieira, C., F. Dias de Castro, P. Boal Carvalho, and J. Cotter. "THE IMPACT OF ENDOSCOPIC EVALUATION PRIOR TO BARIATRIC SURGERY." In ESGE Days 2018 accepted abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1637191.

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Kanburoglu, Ali Bugra, and Ercan Solak. "An Experimental Evaluation of Prior Polarities in Sentiment Lexicons." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2017.56.

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Thériault Lauzier, Pascal, Jie Tang, and Guang-Hong Chen. "Prior image constrained compressed sensing: a quantitative performance evaluation." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Norbert J. Pelc, Robert M. Nishikawa, and Bruce R. Whiting. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.912138.

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Rummel P.E., Ward D. "NDE capabilities data—What might I expect? What is the prior art?" In 26th Annual review of progress in quantitative nondestrictive evaluation. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1291335.

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Min, Chaobo, Yingjie Li, and Baohui Zhang. "Performance evaluation of infrared moving foreground segmentation without prior knowledge." In Computer Graphics and Imaging. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2013.797-007.

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Wang, Jian-jun, and Fa-an Chen. "Risk Evaluation of Expressway Traffic Safety under "Prior Restraint" Idea." In The Twelfth COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412442.220.

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Reports on the topic "Prior evaluation"

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Guffey, F. D., F. A. Barbour, and R. F. Blake. Evaluation of coal pretreatment prior to co-processing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10134759.

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Guffey, F. D., F. A. Barbour, and R. F. Blake. Evaluation of coal pretreatment prior to co-processing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6689969.

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Price, Phillip N. Review of Prior Commercial Building Energy Efficiency Retrofit Evaluation: A Report to Snohomish Public Utilities District. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1166987.

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Brown, Anne, Alice Grossman, and Lucy Noble. Via2G Microtransit Pilot Evaluation. Mineta Transportation Institute, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2002.

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Google partnered with Via to launch an on-demand microtransit called Via2G between January and March 2020. The pilot provided employees with free travel to/from two of its offices in suburban, congested Silicon Valley. While the pilot was cut short due to COVID-19, rider participation grew steadily during operation. Of trip requests, 8,636 (87.8%) resulted in a ride offer. Unfulfilled requests were primarily outside of pilot operating times or when rider demand exceeded driver supply. Most users (72%) completed at least two trips, although recurring users were less likely to complete errands on the commute and fewer had a car available for commuting compared to all surveyed Google employees. Prior to Via2G, two-thirds (66%) of survey respondents drove to work at least one day per week, while a plurality (42%) drove five days per week. Compared to non-participants, pilot users were more likely to take ride-hail (14 vs 22 percent) or the Google Bus (24 vs 30 percent) at least once a week prior to the pilot. Recommendations suggest iterations for Google or other centralized employers to consider in future microtransit programs.
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Weiland, Mark A., Jina Kim, William T. Nagy, and Gary E. Johnson. Evaluation of Steelhead Kelt Passage into the Bonneville Dam Second Powerhouse Corner Collector Prior to the Juvenile Migration Seasons, 2007 and 2008. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1001548.

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Lucas, Richard E. Comparing global reports of subjective well-being to experiential measures. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.rev01.

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Subjective well-being (SWB) is an overall evaluation of the quality of a person’slife from his or her own perspective. One common method of assessing thisconstruct requires respondents to think about their life as a whole and to providea “global” evaluation that summarizes across life domains or affective experiencesover extended periods of time. The validity of these global measures has beenchallenged, however; and experiential measures, which ask respondents to reporton their momentary evaluative experiences many times over a constrained timeperiod, have been suggested as a more valid alternative. This paper addresses theempirical evidence for one important challenge to global measures: the possibilitythat temporarily salient information overwhelmingly influences global judgments,reducing their reliability and validity. This paper critiques prior evidence for thischallenge and presents new concerns about the assumed validity of the proposedalternative: experiential measures.
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7

Roschelle, Jeremy, Britte Haugan Cheng, Nicola Hodkowski, Julie Neisler, and Lina Haldar. Evaluation of an Online Tutoring Program in Elementary Mathematics. Digital Promise, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/94.

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Many students struggle with mathematics in late elementary school, particularly on the topic of fractions. In a best evidence syntheses of research on increasing achievement in elementary school mathematics, Pelligrini et al. (2018) highlighted tutoring as a way to help students. Online tutoring is attractive because costs may be lower and logistics easier than with face-to-face tutoring. Cignition developed an approach that combines online 1:1 tutoring with a fractions game, called FogStone Isle. The game provides students with additional learning opportunities and provides tutors with information that they can use to plan tutoring sessions. A randomized controlled trial investigated the research question: Do students who participate in online tutoring and a related mathematical game learn more about fractions than students who only have access to the game? Participants were 144 students from four schools, all serving low-income students with low prior mathematics achievement. In the Treatment condition, students received 20-25 minute tutoring sessions twice per week for an average of 18 sessions and also played the FogStone Isle game. In the Control condition, students had access to the game, but did not play it often. Control students did not receive tutoring. Students were randomly assigned to condition after being matched on pre-test scores. The same diagnostic assessment was used as a pre-test and as a post-test. The planned analysis looked for differences in gain scores ( post-test minus pre-test scores) between conditions. We conducted a t-test on the aggregate gain scores, comparing conditions; the results were statistically significant (t = 4.0545, df = 132.66, p-value < .001). To determine an effect size, we treated each site as a study in a meta-analysis. Using gain scores, the effect size was g=+.66. A more sophisticated treatment of the pooled standard deviation resulted in a corrected effect size of g=.46 with a 95% confidence interval of [+.23,+.70]. Students who received online tutoring and played the related Fog Stone Isle game learned more; our research found the approach to be efficacious. The Pelligrini et al. (2018) meta-analysis of elementary math tutoring programs found g = .26 and was based largely on face-to-face tutoring studies. Thus, this study compares favorably to prior research on face-to-face mathematics tutoring with elementary students. Limitations are discussed; in particular, this is an initial study of an intervention under development. Effects could increase or decrease as development continues and the program scales. Although this study was planned long before the current pandemic, results are particularly timely now that many students are at home under shelter-in-place orders due to COVID-19. The approach taken here is feasible for students at home, with tutors supporting them from a distance. It is also feasible in many other situations where equity could be addressed directly by supporting students via online tutors.
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Gentillon, Cynthia, Cory Atwood, Andrea Mack, and Zhegang Ma. EVALUATION OF WEAKLY INFORMED PRIORS FOR FLEX DATA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1693425.

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Neudecker, Denise. Comparing preliminary evaluations with Chi-Nu and CEA using the LAM model for the prior. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1605118.

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Rempe, Joy Lynn, and Darrell Lee Knudson. Qualification of Daiichi Units 1, 2, and 3 Data for Severe Accident Evaluations - Process and Illustrative Examples from Prior TMI-2 Evaluations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1235193.

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