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Journal articles on the topic 'Prior state'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Zhu, Hai, Xia Luo, Yanjin Li, Ying Zhu, and Qian Huang. "Comparing the efficiency and robustness of state-of-the-art experimental designs for stated choice modeling: A simulation analysis." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 2 (2017): 168781401769189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017691894.

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Among the ways to construct experimental designs having been proposed, orthogonal design, uniform design, and D-efficient design are state-of-the-art methods. This article provides detailed comparisons on the efficiency and robustness among these methods with three case studies in multinomial logit and mixed multinomial logit models. ND-error values and the departures of D-errors corresponding to misspecification of prior information are used as measurements of design efficiency and design robustness, respectively. Design methods are described, and designs with various numbers of runs are cons

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2

OKADA, Masafumi, and Toshiharu SUGIE. "Subspace State Space System Identification using Prior Knowledge." Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 10, no. 2 (1997): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.10.47.

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3

Centa, Matheus, and Philippe Preux. "Soft Action Priors: Towards Robust Policy Transfer." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 6 (2023): 6953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i6.25850.

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Despite success in many challenging problems, reinforcement learning (RL) is still confronted with sample inefficiency, which can be mitigated by introducing prior knowledge to agents. However, many transfer techniques in reinforcement learning make the limiting assumption that the teacher is an expert. In this paper, we use the action prior from the Reinforcement Learning as Inference framework - that is, a distribution over actions at each state which resembles a teacher policy, rather than a Bayesian prior - to recover state-of-the-art policy distillation techniques. Then, we propose a clas

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Koller, Tom L., and Udo Frese. "State Observability through Prior Knowledge: Analysis of the Height Map Prior for Track Cycling." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092438.

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Inertial navigation systems suffer from unbounded errors in the position and orientation estimates. This drift can be corrected by applying prior knowledge, instead of using exteroceptive sensors. We want to show that the use of prior knowledge can yield full observability of the position and orientation. A previous study showed that track cyclers can be tracked drift-free with an IMU as the only sensor and the knowledge that the bike drives on the track. In this paper, we analyze the observability of the pose in the experiment we conducted. Furthermore, we improve the pose estimation of the p

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5

Nguyen, Hai, Noel Cressie, and Jonathan Hobbs. "Sensitivity of Optimal Estimation Satellite Retrievals to Misspecification of the Prior Mean and Covariance, with Application to OCO-2 Retrievals." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23 (2019): 2770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232770.

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Optimal Estimation (OE) is a popular algorithm for remote sensing retrievals, partly due to its explicit parameterization of the sources of error and the ability to propagate them into estimates of retrieval uncertainty. These properties require specification of the prior distribution of the state vector. In many remote sensing applications, the true priors are multivariate and hard to characterize properly. Instead, priors are often constructed based on subject-matter expertise, existing empirical knowledge, and a need for computational expediency, resulting in a “working prior.” This paper e

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Akanbi, Olawale Basheer, and Olujide Abiodun Fawole. "Forcasting Stock Prices in Nigeria Using Bayesian Vector Autoregression." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 10 (2024): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i102446.

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Forecasting the stock market is one of the challenges facing investors and portfolio managers today. These challenges can be overcame by different techniques or analyses in the literature for investment decision-making like, open interest analysis and volatility index on short term basis. However, only a few researchers have employed Bayesian techniques in the forecasts. This study aimed at forecasting the stock prices of five leading banks and the banking sector index of Nigeria using Bayesian Vector Autoregression (BVAR). This research adopted Minnesota priors; Stochastic Search Variable Sel

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7

Waites, Anthony B., Alexandra Stanislavsky, David F. Abbott, and Graeme D. Jackson. "Effect of prior cognitive state on resting state networks measured with functional connectivity." Human Brain Mapping 24, no. 1 (2004): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20069.

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8

Neumayer, Markus, Thomas Bretterklieber, Matthias Flatscher, and Stefan Puttinger. "PCA based state reduction for inverse problems using prior information." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 36, no. 5 (2017): 1430–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-02-2017-0090.

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Purpose Inverse problems are often marked by highly dimensional state vectors. The high dimension affects the quality of the estimation result as well as the computational complexity of the estimation problem. This paper aims to present a state reduction technique based on prior knowledge. Design/methodology/approach Ill-posed inverse problems require prior knowledge to find a stable solution. The prior distribution is constructed for the high-dimensional data space. The authors use the prior distribution to construct a reduced state description based on a lower-dimensional basis, which they d

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9

Séré, Marie‐Geneviève. "Children's conceptions of the gaseous state, prior to teaching." European Journal of Science Education 8, no. 4 (1986): 413–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0140528860080408.

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10

Roberts, Julian V., and Orhun H. Yalincak. "Revisiting Prior Record Enhancement Provisions in State Sentencing Guidelines." Federal Sentencing Reporter 26, no. 3 (2014): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2014.26.3.177.

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11

Hausman, Ken. "Psychiatrist Sues State Medicaid Plan Over Prior-Authorization Requirement." Psychiatric News 39, no. 1 (2004): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.39.1.0002.

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12

Nguemeni Tiako, Max Jordan, Abby Dolan, Matthew Abrams, Kehinde Oyekanmi, Zachary Meisel, and Shoshana V. Aronowitz. "Thematic Analysis of State Medicaid Buprenorphine Prior Authorization Requirements." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 6 (2023): e2318487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18487.

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ImportancePrior authorization (PA) requirements for buprenorphine are associated with lower provision of the medication for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). While Medicare plans have eliminated PA requirements for buprenorphine, many Medicaid plans continue to require them.ObjectiveTo describe and classify buprenorphine coverage requirements based on thematic analysis of state Medicaid PA forms.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used a thematic analysis of 50 states’ Medicaid PA forms for buprenorphine between November 2020 and March 2021. Forms were obtained fr

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13

Cadonna, Annalisa, Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter, and Peter Knaus. "Triple the Gamma—A Unifying Shrinkage Prior for Variance and Variable Selection in Sparse State Space and TVP Models." Econometrics 8, no. 2 (2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/econometrics8020020.

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Time-varying parameter (TVP) models are very flexible in capturing gradual changes in the effect of explanatory variables on the outcome variable. However, in particular when the number of explanatory variables is large, there is a known risk of overfitting and poor predictive performance, since the effect of some explanatory variables is constant over time. We propose a new prior for variance shrinkage in TVP models, called triple gamma. The triple gamma prior encompasses a number of priors that have been suggested previously, such as the Bayesian Lasso, the double gamma prior and the Horsesh

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14

Dochy, F., G. Moerkerke, and M. Segers. "The Effect of Prior Knowledge on Learning in Educational Practice: Studies Using Prior Knowledge State Assessment." Evaluation & Research in Education 13, no. 3 (1999): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500799908666952.

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15

Tailby, Chris, Richard A. J. Masterton, Jenny Y. Huang, Graeme D. Jackson, and David F. Abbott. "Resting state functional connectivity changes induced by prior brain state are not network specific." NeuroImage 106 (February 2015): 428–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.037.

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16

Mulhern, Brendan, Nick Bansback, Arne Risa Hole, and Aki Tsuchiya. "Using Discrete Choice Experiments with Duration to Model EQ-5D-5L Health State Preferences." Medical Decision Making 37, no. 3 (2016): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x16670616.

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Background: Discrete choice experiments incorporating duration can be used to derive health state values for EQ-5D-5L. Yet, methodological issues relating to the duration attribute and the optimal way to select health states remain. The aims of this study were to: test increasing the number of duration levels and choice sets where duration varies (aim 1); compare designs with zero and non-zero prior values (aim 2); and investigate a novel, two-stage design to incorporate prior values (aim 3). Methods: Informed by zero and non-zero prior values, two efficient designs were developed, each consis

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17

D’Souza, Jeff. "Welfare-Prior Eudaimonism, Excellence-Prior Eudaimonism, and the Self-Absorption Objection." Journal of Philosophical Research 44 (2019): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpr20191024145.

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One of the longest standing objections levied against virtue ethics is the Self-Absorption Objection. Proponents of this objection state that the main problem with neo-Aristotelian accounts is that the virtuous agent’s motive is to promote her own eudaimonia. In this paper, I examine Christopher Toner’s attempt to address this objection by arguing that we should understand the virtuous agent as acting virtuously because doing so is what it means to live well qua human. I then go on to defend Toner’s view from two of Anne Baril’s criticisms: that his account is un-Aristotelian, and that his acc

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18

Stern, Benjamin D., Eric J. Hegedus, and Ying-Cheng Lai. "State dependence: Does a prior injury predict a future injury?" Physical Therapy in Sport 49 (May 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.01.008.

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19

SOUTH-PAUL, JEANNETTE E., KRISHNAN R. RAJAGOPAL, and MICHAEL F. TENHOLDER. "Exercise responses prior to pregnancy and in the postpartum state." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 24, no. 4 (1992): 410???414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199204000-00003.

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20

Shepherd, Frederick M. "Church and State in Honduras and Nicaragua Prior to 1979." Sociology of Religion 54, no. 3 (1993): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3711722.

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21

Li, Chenxuan, Zhixin Li, B. Douglas Ward, et al. "Enhancement of Resting-State fcMRI Networks by Prior Sensory Stimulation." Brain Connectivity 4, no. 9 (2014): 760–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/brain.2014.0326.

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Montes-Burgos, Iker, Dorota Walczyk, Patrick Hole, Jonathan Smith, Iseult Lynch, and Kenneth Dawson. "Characterisation of nanoparticle size and state prior to nanotoxicological studies." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 12, no. 1 (2009): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11051-009-9774-z.

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23

Ban, Masashi. "Quantum State Discrimination with Prior Knowledge in Noisy Quantum Channels." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 52, no. 1 (2012): 312–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-012-1335-z.

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24

SCHILLING-VACAFLOR, ALMUT, and RICCARDA FLEMMER. "Conflict Transformation through Prior Consultation? Lessons from Peru." Journal of Latin American Studies 47, no. 4 (2015): 811–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x15000826.

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AbstractThis article analyses the background to and the content of the Peruvian prior consultation law – the only one enacted in Latin America to date – and its regulating decree. In contrast to the widespread conception that prior consultation is a means for preventing and resolving conflict, it argues that this new legislation will not help to transform conflicts as long as the normative framework itself is contested and the preconditions for participatory governance are not in place. Establishing these preconditions would result in state institutions capable of justly balancing the diverse

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25

Rose, David. "BELIEF IS PRIOR TO KNOWLEDGE." Episteme 12, no. 3 (2015): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/epi.2015.21.

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AbstractOrthodoxy has it that knowledge is a composite of belief and non-mental factors. However, Timothy Williamson suggests that orthodoxy implies that the concept of belief is acquired before the concept of knowledge, whereas developmental data suggest the reverse. More recently, Jennifer Nagel reviews the psychological evidence, building a psychological case that the concept of knowledge emerges prior to belief. I assess the psychological state of the art and find support for the opposite conclusion. Overall the empirical evidence supports the orthodox view that the concept of belief is pr

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26

Yang, Dayi, Xiaojun Wu, and Hefeng Yin. "Blind Image Deblurring via a Novel Sparse Channel Prior." Mathematics 10, no. 8 (2022): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10081238.

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Blind image deblurring (BID) is a long-standing challenging problem in low-level image processing. To achieve visually pleasing results, it is of utmost importance to select good image priors. In this work, we develop the ratio of the dark channel prior (DCP) to the bright channel prior (BCP) as an image prior for solving the BID problem. Specifically, the above two channel priors obtained from RGB images are used to construct an innovative sparse channel prior at first, and then the learned prior is incorporated into the BID tasks. The proposed sparse channel prior enhances the sparsity of th

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Hilditch, Cassie, Gregory Costedoat, Nicholas Bathurst, Nita Shattuck, and Erin Flynn-Evans. "0149 Perception of Prior Sleep-Wake State upon Abrupt Exogenous Awakenings." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (2024): A65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0149.

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Abstract Introduction The period immediately following an awakening is characterized by sleepiness, poor cognitive performance, and disorientation known as sleep inertia. In an exploratory analysis, we investigated the accuracy of perceived sleep-wake state after being abruptly awoken. Methods Thirty-six participants (18 female; 26.6 years ± 6.1) slept in their own homes and were called on a pre-set cell phone three times: twice during their habitual sleep period (approximately 45 min and 135 min after habitual bedtime) and once at their habitual waketime the next morning (n = 108 awakenings).

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Lester, David. "State and Trait Depression and Suicidality." Psychological Reports 85, no. 1 (1999): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.162.

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Gong, Yu, and Seung Uk Choi. "State Ownership and Accounting Quality: Evidence from State-Owned Enterprises in China." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (2021): 8659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158659.

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The inherent problems of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), such as the lack of external monitoring, may harm their accounting quality. However, the results from prior research are not consistent. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of state ownership of SOEs on accounting quality, measured by earnings management. Using the samples of listed SOEs in the A-share market in China from 2009 to 2017, the results indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between state ownership and earnings management. Furthermore, the results show that higher competition within the indus

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Okhmatovskiy, Ilya, Olga Suhomlinova, and Laszlo Tihanyi. "Legacy of the State: Prior Shared Experience and Survival of Spin-Offs From Restructured State Enterprises." Journal of Management 46, no. 4 (2018): 503–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206318808601.

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Many organizations, especially in emerging economies, trace their origins to restructured state enterprises, and this study explores the implications of such origins for organizational adaptation to changing environmental conditions. We compare the activity choices and survival chances of spin-offs from restructured state enterprises with those of de novo organizations. We argue that prior shared experience of spin-offs’ managers and employees facilitates the redeployment of routines developed in parent state enterprises. This should predispose spin-offs to pursue familiar activities, but this

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Shin, Jaehee, Donghoon Ha, and Younghun Kwon. "Quantum Contextual Advantage Depending on Nonzero Prior Probabilities in State Discrimination of Mixed Qubit States." Entropy 23, no. 12 (2021): 1583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23121583.

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Recently, Schmid and Spekkens studied the quantum contextuality in terms of state discrimination. By dealing with the minimum error discrimination of two quantum states with identical prior probabilities, they reported that quantum contextual advantage exists. Meanwhile, if one notes a striking observation that the selection of prior probability can affect the quantum properties of the system, it is necessary to verify whether the quantum contextual advantage depends on the prior probabilities of the given states. In this paper, we consider the minimum error discrimination of two states with a

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Shao, Teng, Zhansheng Duan, and Zhi Tian. "Performance Ranking of Kalman Filter With Pre-Determined Initial State Prior." IEEE Signal Processing Letters 28 (2021): 902–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2021.3071979.

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Zhiltsov, S. S. "History of the Ukrainian State Formation (Prior to the USSR Breakup)." Post-Soviet Issues 5, no. 3 (2018): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2018-5-3-309-328.

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The changeover of the ruling of the modern Ukrainian territory between East and West had lasted for around 800 years beginning from the Mongol-Tatar invasion. It was that time when Batu Khan defeated Ancient Rus that the present territory of Ukraine came under complete and absolute ruling of the Tatar East. In the 16th century as a part of Lithuania Ukraine was included into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and then passed under the rule of the Polish magnates, under the yoke of the Western Polish civilization. In 1569 the Union of Lublin was signed that formalized the accession of the Ukrai

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34

Kuznetsova, Vera. "Dynamics of mental state of the athletes-cyclists prior to competition." Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta, no. 92 (October 2012): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5930/issn.1994-4683.2012.10.92.p73-78.

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Savage, Jeff P., Mengge Li, Scott F. Turner, Donald E. Hatfield, and Laura B. Cardinal. "Mapping Patent Usage in Management Research: The State of Prior Art." Journal of Management 46, no. 6 (2020): 1121–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206320916233.

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Patents play an important, and increasingly influential, role in management scholarship. In this study, we conduct a broad and systematic review of patent-based empirical work in the management field, which involves mapping the ways in which scholars are using patent-based measures to represent concepts and assessing this usage based on measurement principles. With respect to mapping, our review identifies the different types of measures that researchers have constructed based on different types of patent data (e.g., patent counts, backward citations) as well as delineates the classes of theor

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Kaye, K. E., T. C. Sprague, S. Itthipuripat, E. C. Prado, and J. T. Serences. "Steady-state sensory-evoked responses are enhanced prior to oculomotor execution." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (2014): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.1216.

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Horn, Christine E., Maria Cristina Bravo, Thomas Orfeo, Kelley McLean, and Ira Bernstein. "Prior preterm preeclampsia and hemostatic balance in the non-pregnant state." Pregnancy Hypertension 40 (June 2025): 101221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2025.101221.

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38

Lioumis, Pantelis, Salla Autti, Dogu Baran Aydogan, et al. "Network engagement prior to brain stimulation: current state and future vision." Brain Stimulation 18, no. 1 (2025): 271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2024.12.171.

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39

Castle, Joshua, Nikhil Yedulla, Mary Hennekes, et al. "Surprising health state satisfaction prior to total hip and knee arthroplasty." Advances in Patient-Reported Outcomes 1, no. 1 (2025): 100052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apro.2025.100052.

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40

Simhony, Avital. "The ‘Social’ is Prior to the ‘Political’: Bosanquet Revisited (Again)." Hegel Bulletin 34, no. 2 (2013): 245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hgl.2013.14.

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The essay aims to reveal the priority of the ‘social’ over the ‘political’ in Bosanquet's thought by making more prominent what Bosanquet calls ‘social’. It is the domain of human connectedness and cooperation that occupies the space between the ‘political’, state action, and the personal, narrowly conceived individual. The centrality of the ‘social’ emerges against the backdrop of two rival interpretations of Bosanquet's relationship with British Idealism over state action. The one claims that Green's split into ‘right’ (Bosanquet) and ‘left’ (Ritchie). The other interpretation restores unity

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Karteroliotis, Constantine, and Diane L. Gill. "Temporal Changes in Psychological and Physiological Components of State Anxiety." Journal of Sport Psychology 9, no. 3 (1987): 261–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.9.3.261.

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This study examined the relationships of cognitive worry, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence—all components of the CSAI-2 (Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2)—to each other, to physiological measures, and to motor performance prior to, during, and after competition. In addition, the prediction that only somatic anxiety increases prior to competition was examined. Forty-one undergraduate males competed in a motor task while the experimenter monitored heart rate and blood pressure responses. Each subject competed against a confederate for 10 experimental trials and completed the CSAI-2 prio

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Holliman, W. Bruce, Glenn A. Soileau, James M. Hubbard, and Joanne Stevens. "Consent Requirements and Anxiety in University Undergraduate Students." Psychological Reports 59, no. 1 (1986): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.59.1.175.

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Four intact classes of undergraduate students (N = 276) in beginning psychology and sociology were administered the state anxiety questionnaire of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory under one of the following conditions: (a) following the presentation of a brief consent form, (b) following a longer consent form, (c) prior to the administration of a consent form, or (d) following the reading of an irrelevant passage to control for experimenter contact time. A priori comparisons indicated that groups given the short consent form and the inventory prior to consent were more anxious than other grou

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Tinder, Glenn. "Christianity and the Welfare State." Review of Politics 49, no. 4 (1987): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500035464.

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Tocqueville saw democracy as a form of government and society that was basically valid yet liable to produce unpleasant, even disastrous, surprises. Today we may look on one of the major manifestations of democracy, the welfare state, in like fashion. Although it marks an enhancement of economic justice, it has had some disturbing consequences. These include the rise of an immense federal bureaucracy and (if we understand the welfare state as comprising the phenomenon of “consumer capitalism”) a trivialization of liberty and public life. What, then, must we do? I suggest in this article that C

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Alfano, Mark. "The Tenacity of the Intentional Prior to the Genealogy." Journal of Nietzsche Studies 40, no. 1 (2010): 29–46. https://doi.org/10.5325/jnietstud.40.1.0029.

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ABSTRACT I have argued elsewhere that the psychological aspects of Nietzsche’s later works are best understood from a psychodynamic point of view. Nietzsche holds a view I dubbed the tenacity of the intentional (T): When an intentional state loses its object, a new object replaces the original; the state does not disappear entirely. In this article I amend and clarify T to T“: When an intentional state with a subpropositional object loses its object, the affective component of the state persists without a corresponding object, and that affect will generally be redeployed in a state with a dist

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Chen, Yong, Chi-Lu Sun, and Minoru Kanaiwa. "Impacts of prior mis-specification on Bayesian fisheries stock assessment." Marine and Freshwater Research 59, no. 2 (2008): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf07126.

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One of the key features of a Bayesian stock assessment is that the modeller needs to provide knowledge on model parameters. Priors summarise modellers’ understanding of model parameters and are often defined by a probability distribution function. Priors are often mis-specified with arbitrary and unrealistic accuracy and precision in perceiving the state of nature for the parameters as a result of our limited understanding of fisheries ecosystems. Commonly used probability functions such as normal distribution functions tend to be sensitive to prior mis-specification, resulting in large uncert

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Newcomer, Lee N., Richard Weininger, and Robert W. Carlson. "Transforming Prior Authorization to Decision Support." Journal of Oncology Practice 13, no. 1 (2017): e57-e61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2016.015198.

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Purpose: To evaluate a computer-based prior authorization system that was designed to include and test two new concepts for physician review: (1) the tool would minimize denials by providing real-time decision support with alternative options if the original request was noncompliant, and (2) the tool would collect sufficient information to create a patient registry. Methods: A new prior authorization tool incorporating real-time decision support was tested with a large national payer. The tool used the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology as the conten

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Russell, William D., Marshall Robb, and Richard H. Cox. "Sex, Sport, Situation, and Competitive State Anxiety." Perceptual and Motor Skills 86, no. 3 (1998): 816–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.86.3.816.

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Within a multivariate design, the relationship between sex, sport, and competitive situation with state anxiety was examined. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 was administered to selected intramural basketball and volleyball teams ( ns = 266 and 226) prior to round-robin and play-off competition. Multivariate analysis of variance yielded a significant interaction of sport by sex and a significant main effect for sport. Follow-up tests indicated that basketball players scored higher somatic and cognitive state anxiety than volleyball players. Women scored higher on somatic and cognitiv

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Onikiienko, Serhii, Yevheniia Polishchuk, Alla Ivashchenko, Anna Kornyliuk, and Nazar Demchyshak. "Prior credit assessment of long-term SME projects with non-standard cash flows." Banks and Bank Systems 16, no. 2 (2021): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.16(2).2021.14.

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Over the past three decades, the relative bank loan demand has changed due to the arising small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, banks in their operations face the problem of processing an ever-increasing number of loan applications. The aim of this paper is to develop an auxiliary approach to assessing the prior creditworthiness of long-term SME projects with nonstandard cash flows.This study reveals how the principles of value-based management can be incorporated into the process of borrower’s creditworthiness assessment to improve the process of screening loan applications. F

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Kafka, Julie M., Avanti Adhia, David D. Martin, Ayah Mustafa, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, and Frederick P. Rivara. "Deaths Related to Domestic Violence in Washington State." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 9 (2024): e2429974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.29974.

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ImportanceDomestic violence (DV; including intimate partner and family violence) is associated with heightened lethality risks, yet limited research has comprehensively assessed the connection between DV and fatal violence considering both homicides and suicides. Understanding the fatal consequences of DV can point to missed opportunities to support individuals and their families.ObjectiveTo assess the proportion of violent deaths that were connected to DV and describe contacts with the legal system or social services prior to each DV-related fatality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cros

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Hester, Rhys. "Punishing for the Past (Sometimes): Judicial Perspectives on Criminal History Enhancements." Prison Journal 101, no. 4 (2021): 443–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00328855211029663.

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Prior criminal record is routinely cited as one of the primary determinants of sentencing, and the common view is that prior record was a leading factor in non-guidelines jurisdictions going back decades. Yet, recent findings from a non-guidelines state failed to conform to this account. This study uses interviews with judges from a non-guidelines state to understand the role of prior record in sentencing in an unstructured sentencing state. This study also reexamines some of the early sentencing guidelines formation literature and finds some indications that pre-guidelines, prior record was n

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