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Journal articles on the topic 'Prisoner reformers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

McNeill, Katie-Marie. "A Re-education on How to Work: Vocational Programs in Kingston-Area Prisons, 1950–1965." Labour / Le Travail 89 (May 27, 2022): 61–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v89.005.

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The Prison for Women, Kingston Penitentiary, and Collins Bay Penitentiary each offered an increasing variety of vocational training opportunities to incarcerated people in the mid-20th century. This article examines vocational training in these Kingston-area prisons from 1950 to the mid-1960s and argues that access to these programs was based largely on gender and age. Foucault’s idea of governmentality supports analysis of how the Penitentiary Service of Canada, reformers, and prisoners understood the process of learning how to work. Women incarcerated at the Prison for Women were trained in

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2

Rubin, Ashley T. "Early US Prison History Beyond Rothman: RevisitingThe Discovery of the Asylum." Annual Review of Law and Social Science 15, no. 1 (2019): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101518-042808.

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David J. Rothman's The Discovery of the Asylum, one of the first major works to critically interrogate the beginning of America's extensive reliance on institutionalization, effectively launched the contemporary field of prison history. Rothman traced the first modern prisons’ (1820s–1850s) roots to the post-Revolution social turmoil and reformers’ desire for perfectly ordered spaces. In the nearly 50 years since his pioneering work, several generations of historians, inspired by Rothman, have amassed a wealth of information about the early prisons, much of it correcting inaccuracies and blind

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3

Jacobi, John V. "Prison Health, Public Health: Obligations and Opportunities." American Journal of Law & Medicine 31, no. 4 (2005): 447–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009885880503100403.

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We don't care enough about prisoners’ welfare. We should care deeply because, as two prominent commentators on the history of prisons have said, “Prisoners are ourselves writ large or small. And, as such, they should not be subjected to suffering exceeding fair expiation for the crimes for which they have been convicted.” Well over two million persons are imprisoned in America today. We imprison a higher percentage of our population than any other country. Those we imprison are disproportionately poor, of color, uneducated, and sick. They have chronic conditions, mental illnesses, sexually tra

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4

Strémy, Tomáš, and Jozef Griger. "Influence of restorative justice on prison system." Годишњак Факултета безбедности, no. 1 (2020): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fb_godisnjak0-29099.

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History of imprisonment has been conceived and organised in a variety of ways. Reformers tried to shape the prison regime to suit their purposes, but the reality of the prison system displayed the substantial limits of their achievements (for example high costs for construction of prisons; level of criminality, minimum protection of future victims etc.). In the second half of the 20th century, a search for new ways of solutions of criminality and penal policy begins. The idea of a restorative prison exists at the moment in concept only. This concept is based on the opportunities for prisoners

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Stevens, Alisa. "Access denied: Research on sex in prison and the subjugation of ‘deviant knowledge’." Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, no. 4 (2019): 451–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895819839740.

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Despite the fundamental necessity of gaining gatekeeper approval for prisons fieldwork, researchers rarely publicly acknowledge and analyse their failures to secure access. Drawing upon the Foucauldian-inspired literatures on the production and policing of new criminological knowledge, this article presents as a case study the Sex in Prison research project, instigated by the Howard League for Penal Reform, and for which permission to interview serving prisoners was refused. This denial of access, it is argued, resulted from a politically motivated attempt to prevent the acquisition of knowled

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6

Curtice, Martin, and John Sandford. "Article 3 of the Human Rights Act 1998 and the treatment of prisoners." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 16, no. 2 (2010): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.108.006320.

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SummaryThe humane treatment of prisoners has long been considered a mark of a civilised society. Early prison reformers such as Elizabeth Fry and John Howard campaigned vigorously for the improvement of conditions for inmates and for institutions to be focused as much on reform and rehabilitation as on punishment. This progressive improvement in conditions for those imprisoned has been further advanced by the European Convention on Human Rights and its incorporation into UK law. The Human Rights Act 1998 is playing an ever-increasing role in determining the standards of treatment of those deta

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7

O’Neill, Deirdre, Valarie Sands, and Graeme Hodge. "P3s and Social Infrastructure: Three Decades of Prison Reform in Victoria, Australia." Public Works Management & Policy 25, no. 3 (2020): 214–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x19899103.

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Once regarded as core public sector business, Australia’s prisons were reformed during the 1990s and Australia now has the highest proportion of prisoners in privately managed prisons in the world. How could this have happened? This article presents a case study of the State of Victoria and explains how public–private partnerships (P3s) were used to create a mixed public–private prison system. Despite the difficulty of determining clear and rigorous evaluation results, we argue that lessons from the Victorian experience are possible. First, neither the extreme fears of policy critics nor the g

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8

Jewkes, Yvonne, Dominique Moran, and Jennifer Turner. "Just add water: Prisons, therapeutic landscapes and healthy blue space." Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, no. 4 (2019): 381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895819828800.

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‘Healthy prisons’ is a well-established concept in criminology and prison studies. As a guiding principle to prisoners’ quality of life, it goes back to the 18th century when prison reformer John Howard regarded the improvement of ventilation and hygiene as being essential in the quest for religious penitence and moral reform. In more recent, times, the notion of the ‘healthy prison’ has been more commonly associated with that which is ‘just’ and ‘decent’, rather than what is healthy in a medical or therapeutic sense. This article interrogates the ‘healthy prison’ more literally. Drawing on da

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9

Pogorelov, Mikhail A. "Prisoners' aid committees: post-release rehabilitation in Soviet Russia, 1924–1930." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, no. 88 (2024): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.17223/19988613/88/7.

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The article examines a little-known story of the Aid Committees for inmates and released prisoners, which were established as part of early Soviet prison reform. Based on archival documents from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and published sources, it aims to consider goals and functions of these institutions. In the 1920-s Soviet Russia carried an experiment to build an alternative to «capitalist» prison systems. Drawing on the experience of the international prison reform movement and collaborating with non-Bolsheviks experts, Soviet reformers reconsidered it through the lens of

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10

Waits, Mira Rai. "Imperial Vision, Colonial Prisons:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77, no. 2 (2018): 146–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2018.77.2.146.

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Prison construction was among the most important infrastructural changes brought about by British rule in nineteenth-century India. Informed by the extension of liberal political philosophy into the colony, the development of the British colonial prison introduced India to a radically new system of punishment based on long-term incarceration. Unlike prisons in Europe and the United States, where moral reform was cited as the primary objective of incarceration, prisons in colonial India focused on confinement as a way of separating and classifying criminal types in order to stabilize colonial c

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11

Całkowska, Karolina. "Penology at source: Francis Lieber." Polish Journal of Criminology 1, no. 1 (2016): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7473.

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The first half of the 19th century was the time of the American penitentiary solutions rising. New look at the penalty of imprisonment caused that from the end of the 18th century, so right after the first modern American separate system prison was built in Wallnut (1790) travels of representatives of European countries visiting new US penitentiary establishments have been widely spreaded. Theoretical travels in search of the best prison solutions. Reports from the prison reformers were produced, and the discussions around them were accompanied by the development of a modern scientific discour

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12

Et. al., Shalini Bahuguna,. "CORRECTIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE STATE PRISONS OF INDIA: AN ANALYSIS WITH REFERENCE TO UTTARAKHAND STATE." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 4 (2021): 1387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i4.1217.

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Human rights jurisprudence has greatly contributed to criminal reforms and has had an impact on India. Crime reforms across the globe also have an impact on India. The conceptualization with respect to penal reform originated in the reformist theory of punishment.[1] The time prison must have such meaning that enhances the values of the reform in it. The reformer's appearance is about to add a sense of humanity in the system of criminal reformation and also to add the human values into the system of prison and prison officials have to work to achieve it.[2] The level of protection guarante

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Lorizzo, Tina. "Judges´` Incarceration decisions in Mozambique." Revista de Estudos AntiUtilitaristas e PosColoniais 13, no. 3 (2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/2179-7501.2023.261311.

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Over the last decade, Mozambique embarked on a comprehensive reform that aimed at improving the conditions of prisons in the country. Legal reform was accompanied by institutional reform. Prison conditions, however, have not improved at the pace they should have developed. Based on the findings of research conducted on prisons by the organisations Africa Criminal Justice Reform and REFORMAR- Research for Mozambique, over the last ten years, this article aims at drawing the attention of the prison issues from the judges’ incarceration decisions. In fact, while studies of criminal justice reform

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14

Trachtenberg, Ben. "State Sentencing Policy and New Prison Admissions." University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, no. 38.2 (2005): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.38.2.state.trachtenberg.

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As the academy's focus has turned to sentencing in the wake of Blakely v. Washington and United States v. Booker, most commentators have continued their benign neglect of actual sentencing practices as they occur in state courts, not to mention whether and how such policies are effective in achieving the goals of criminal justice. This Note examines trends in state sentencing policies and prison populations from the perspective of a would-be state reformer hoping to decrease her state's prison budget. Economic pressures, efficiency arguments, and social justice claims have combined to cause so

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15

Jach, Theresa R. "Reform versus Reality in the Progressive Era Texas Prison." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 4, no. 1 (2005): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003650.

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The state of Texas' determined effort to keep African-Americans performing plantation labor was at the heart of its prison farm system, from Reconstruction through the 1920s. State and penitentiary officials followed a practice of racialized labor control, demanding that African-American convicts perform plantation gang labor, not only to make the prison system profitable but also keep them involved in extractive agriculture. As the prison population grew, so did the abuse of convicts. The story of Texas’ penitentiary system shows the continuing tie between African-Americans, plantation labor,

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16

Anderson, Ian. "‘Left Backs Working Prisons’." Counterfutures 3 (April 1, 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/cf.v3i0.6417.

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 During the 2014 General Election campaign, reactions to a National Party announcement about ‘working prisons’ emphasised cross-partisan enthusiasm for incarceration. This cross-partisan support extends not only across the parliamentary ‘Right’ and ‘Left’ but also to liberal NGOs such as JustSpeak and academics working in the area. While some liberal reformers sincerely consider prison labour to be a form of rehabilitation rather than punishment, there is no a priori reason why rehabilitation should involve the deprivation of citizenship rights, such as the right to a minimum wage. The a

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17

Mignon, Laurent. "From Silvio Pellico to Selahattin Demirtaş: Prison Literature and Literary Polemics in Turkey." Comparative Literature Studies 61, no. 1 (2024): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/complitstudies.61.1.0033.

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ABSTRACT Selahattin Demirtaş’s fiction has led to some fierce discussions in the literary world in Turkey. The polemics were a reminder that prison literature, broadly defined, always was a hotly debated genre in the literary sphere of the late Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey. Indeed, the publication of a Turkish translation of a classic example of the genre—namely Silvio Pellico’s Le mie prigioni, translated by Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem in 1874—caused a vivid reaction by the Young Ottoman reformer Namık Kemal. This article looks at how the debate on the partial Turkish translation of P

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18

HAMMER, CARL I. "The Oxford Martyrs in Oxford: The Local History of their Confinements and their Keepers." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 50, no. 2 (1999): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046999001700.

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Early in March 1554 the three English reformers and later Oxford martyrs, the archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer, the former bishop of Worcester, Hugh Latimer, and the bishop of London, Nicholas Ridley, were transported to the supposedly safe location of Oxford to expedite their trials. Their stay in Oxford, however, turned out to be a long one, lasting until their execution by burning outside the Northgate there: Latimer and Ridley on 16 October 1555; Cranmer on 21 March 1556. During the time they spent in Oxford – between nineteen and twenty-four months – they were usually confined apa

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19

de Boer, Erik A. "De Brès beyond Le baston." Church History and Religious Culture 104, no. 2 (2024): 248–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-10402014.

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Abstract Guy de Brès, reformer of the southern Low Countries, was tried and condemned for heresy in 1567. In prison he was interrogated by François Richardot, bishop of Arras. De Brès’ notes and letters were published posthumously as Procedures tenues. As he had written Le baston de la foy chrestienne as a guide for the Reformed who had to defend their faith, now de Brès had to defend himself and use his knowledge of the Church Fathers. The critical edition of this work will show what material from Le baston returns and what knowledge he acquired that goes beyond his own anthology. We analyze

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20

Faust, Friederike, and Klara Nagel. "The Just Prison? Women’s Prison Reform and the Figure of the “Offender-as-Victim” in Germany." Studies in Social Justice 18, no. 2 (2024): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v18i2.4343.

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During the 1990s, the Berlin women’s prison was reformed to do justice to female inmates. This redesigning of space and programs was intended to meet women-specific conditions and needs. The present paper engages with this prison reform as transformation in the name of gender justice. Based on interviews with prison reformers, criminologists, and policymakers, as well as on the analysis of historical documents, we illuminate how a specific figure of the “criminalized woman” helps to translate the abstract notion of social justice into situated practice. From the 1970s onward, a new knowledge o

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21

Peebles, Gustav. "Washing Away the Sins of Debt: The Nineteenth-Century Eradication of the Debtors' Prison." Comparative Studies in Society and History 55, no. 3 (2013): 701–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417513000297.

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AbstractThis article seeks to come to terms with the extraordinarily swift demise of the debtors' prison in multiple countries during the nineteenth century. While focusing primarily on the reform debate in England, I argue that the debtors' prison quickly came to be seen as a barbaric aberration within the expanding commercial life of the nineteenth century. By turning to a copious pamphletic literature from the era of its demise, I show how pamphleteers and eye-witnesses described the debtors' prison in the idiom of ritual; it was seen as a dangerous sanctuary that radically inverted all cap

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22

Birkett, Gemma. "Tessa West, The Curious Mr. Howard: Legendary Prison Reformer." Punishment & Society 15, no. 3 (2013): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474513479092.

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23

Zahid, Anwar. "History of Prison Reforms in Pakistan." Global Regional Review (GRR) 1, no. 1 (2016): 35–47. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2016(I-I).03.

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Pakistan has been following the prison system of the British Empire. The Pakistani prison system has gone through many changes. Efforts have been made to bring the prison system in Pakistan in conformity with the modern prison system. The restoration of democracy in Pakistan underlines the significance of prison reforms in the country. Many suggestions have been forwarded to the authorities and have been requested for the modification of the inside condition of Pakistani jails. The data for this paper have been collected from Human Rights Organization/ Council of Pakistan, Islamic Ideological

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24

Graber, Jennifer. "Natives Need Prison: The Sanctification of Racialized Incarceration." Religions 10, no. 2 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10020087.

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This paper draws on literary scholar Susan Ryan’s work to show how Americans worked out national as well as racial identities through benevolent activity, including forms of reformative incarceration. Reformers operated as true citizens by sustaining themselves and providing for others. Recipients, on the other hand, functioned as people in need. Ryan argues that benevolent activists ascribed need to entire groups of people. As a result, “the categories of blackness, Indianness, and Irishness…came to signify need itself.” Elite Americans thereby “raced” need, assigning essential difference to

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Harrell, Sam. "“When Is a School Not a School?” Dr. Carrie Weaver Smith, Child Prisons, and the Limits of Reform in Progressive Era Texas." Social Sciences 13, no. 7 (2024): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13070380.

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This archival study explores the life and work of Dr. Carrie Weaver Smith (1885–1942), a Progressive Era social worker and prison warden. Specifically, I explore the first phase of her career as a House Physician at the Virginia K. Johnson Home in Dallas, Texas (1911–1915) and as the first Superintendent of the Texas State Training School for Girls in Gainesville, Texas (1916–1925). Using archival research, I detail three conflicts that defined Dr. Smith’s superintendency: her fight to reclassify a youth prison as a school, her challenges to a Ku Klux Klan-dominated legislature, and her refusa

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26

Vargo, Gregory. "A LIFE IN FRAGMENTS: THOMAS COOPER'S CHARTISTBILDUNGSROMAN." Victorian Literature and Culture 39, no. 1 (2010): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015031000032x.

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The improbable course of Thomas Cooper'slife (1805–1892) – from shoemaker and autodidact, to school teacher, to Methodist circuit rider, to Chartist activist, to prison poet, and finally to working-class lecturer and editor – encapsulates the tensions and contradictions of Victorian self-help. Fiercely devoted to projects of self-education and improvement, as an apprentice craftsman in Lincolnshire, Cooper memorizedHamletand significant portions ofParadise Lost, and taught himself Latin, French, and some Hebrew. The publication ofThe Purgatory of the Suicides, the epic poem for which he is bes

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27

Swain, Ellen D. "Abby Hopper Gibbons: Prison Reformer and Social Activist (review)." Quaker History 90, no. 2 (2001): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/qkh.2001.0010.

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28

Skidmore, Thomas E., and Youssef Cohen. "Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America." American Historical Review 101, no. 1 (1996): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2169411.

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Needler, Martin C., and Youssef Cohen. "Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 27, no. 2 (1996): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/205220.

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30

Maxwell, Kenneth, and Youssef Cohen. "Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America." Foreign Affairs 74, no. 5 (1995): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20047338.

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31

Geddes, Barbara, and Youssef Cohen. "Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America." Hispanic American Historical Review 76, no. 2 (1996): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2517211.

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32

Geddes, Barbara. "Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner’s Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America." Hispanic American Historical Review 76, no. 2 (1996): 403–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-76.2.403.

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33

Sokalska, O. "The transformation of carceral practices in Pennsylvania: from William Penn's Great Law to the Penitentiary House at Walnut Street Prison." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, no. 74 (2023): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.74.7.

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The article analyzes the transformation of carceral practices in Pennsylvania (1682–1790) in the context of changes in criminal laws: from the formal consolidation in the Code of Laws of 1682 of reformatories with hard labor to the organization in Philadelphia in 1790 of the first penitentiary house with a regime of solitary confinement. It is defined that before the states gained independence, correctional houses, if they functioned in some cities, then as institutions of forced labor and the purpose of correction was not before them. The Revolutionary War for Independence had a decisiv

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34

Yarmysh, Oleksandr N., Olena V. Sokalska, and Volodymyr Ye Kyrychenko. "Genesis of the concept of correctional punishment: From antiquity to modern times." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (2021): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.162-175.

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The article examines the genesis of the idea of correctional punishment. The authors analyse the concepts and views on the purpose of punishing Plato, Roman lawyers, European humanists, as well as English prison reformers of the XVIII century. The relevance of this topic for domestic legal science is due to the ongoing transformation of approaches to determining the purpose of punishment, the revision of strategies in the field of punishments in foreign penology and the development of correctional policy, taking into account new goals. The era of correctional punishment, admittedly, was the XI

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Yarmysh, Oleksandr N., Olena V. Sokalska, and Volodymyr Ye Kyrychenko. "Genesis of the concept of correctional punishment: From antiquity to modern times." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (2021): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.162-175.

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The article examines the genesis of the idea of correctional punishment. The authors analyse the concepts and views on the purpose of punishing Plato, Roman lawyers, European humanists, as well as English prison reformers of the XVIII century. The relevance of this topic for domestic legal science is due to the ongoing transformation of approaches to determining the purpose of punishment, the revision of strategies in the field of punishments in foreign penology and the development of correctional policy, taking into account new goals. The era of correctional punishment, admittedly, was the XI

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36

Grace, Pierce. "Patronage and health care in eighteenth-century Irish county infirmaries." Irish Historical Studies 41, no. 159 (2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ihs.2017.4.

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AbstractThe creation of a network of county infirmaries was a remarkable achievement in late eighteenth-century Ireland. Supported by grants from parliament and the county grand juries, each hospital was managed by governors whose subscriptions entitled them to appoint the medical staff and decide on the patient population. While the laudable aim of the legislators was that the infirmaries would be ‘a means of restoring the health and preserving the lives of many’, the reality was quite different. In 1788 the prison reformer, John Howard, and the inspector general of prisons, Sir Jeremiah Fitz

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Wright, Jennifer Cole, Heath Hoffmann, and Olivia Coen. "On the Value Integration of Successfully Reformed Ex-Convicts: A Comparison With Moral Exemplars." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 58, no. 6 (2015): 640–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167815614955.

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The issue of successfully reintegrating ex-prisoners into society is a critical one. To assess the process of successful reintegration, we interviewed five male ex-convicts about their past versus present lives. Their responses were coded for self-oriented (agency) and community-oriented values. We found a shift away from “unmitigated” agency, toward community values from past to present, and also an integration of agency with community similar to that found in moral exemplars. This increase in integration was not found in a demographically matched control group. The transitions exemplified in

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Godfrey, Barry. "Prison Versus Western Australia: Which Worked Best, the Australian Penal Colony or the English Convict Prison System?" British Journal of Criminology 59, no. 5 (2019): 1139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz012.

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Abstract Between 1850 and 1868, a natural experiment in punishment took place. Men convicted of similar crimes could serve their sentence of penal servitude either in Britain or in Australia. For historians and social scientists, this offers the prospect of addressing a key question posed over 200 years ago by the philosopher, penal theorist and reformer Jeremy Bentham when he authored a lengthy letter entitled ‘Panopticon versus New South Wales: Or, the Panopticon Penitentiary System, and the Penal Colonization System, Compared’. This article answers the underlying tenet of Bentham’s question

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Schmid, Muriel. "“The Eye of God”." Theology Today 59, no. 4 (2003): 546–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004057360305900403.

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At the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth century, prison reformers were engaged in a broad debate about punishment, legal theories, and the rehabilitation of criminals. At that time, philosophical and theological arguments were tightly entangled. Eastern State Penitentiary, built in 1829 in Philadelphia by Quakers, was the sole, radical example of a strict regime of solitary confinement, and became the embodiment of a Christian view of punishment as penitence. This article suggests a reading of Eastern State within its Christian background and raises the broader

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Sultan, Rana Saba, and Irshad Bibi. "Socio-Economic And Psychological Perspectives Of Female Crimes." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 3, no. 1 (2010): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v3i1.372.

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Until a few decades ago, crime was considered to be a predominantly male phenomenon, but as women increasingly joined the mainstream of society, their share in crime increased considerably the world over. The family unit has been torn apart because of economic necessity, increasing awareness of women’s rights and the need to step out of home to reach the work place. In fact the growing rate of woman prisoners can be linked to social changes, especially in urbanization and new agents of social control such as urban police and moral reformers. The fewer job opportunities and lower wages for wome

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LEE, SEUNG-GOO. "Calvin and Later Reformed Theologians on the Image of God." Unio Cum Christo 2, no. 1 (2016): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc2.1.2016.art9.

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Abstract: Even though John Calvin, in contrast with other theologians, presented a biblical view of the image of God, several aspects of his thought raise questions, including his language about the body as the prison of the human soul and his view of women as the image of God in a subsidiary sense. Several Reformed theologians have learned from Calvin’s understanding of the imago Dei and corrected his concept by reﬁning it. This paper proposes a theological development in our understanding of the imago Dei.

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Nash, Jonathan. "An “Abode of Discipline and Misery”: Wheelbarrow Men, Reformers, and the Penitentiary in Early National Philadelphia." Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 92, no. 1 (2025): 1–32. https://doi.org/10.5325/pennhistory.92.1.0001.

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ABSTRACT This article explores the role of the “wheelbarrow men” in the evolution of Pennsylvania’s legal system. These men, sentenced under the 1786 “wheelbarrow law” to public labor, became living symbols of the law’s failure as they publicly defied and mocked their punishment. Their acts of resistance spurred a societal and legislative shift, questioning the efficacy of public punishment and igniting debates on criminal reform. The article argues that the wheelbarrow men’s challenges to authority were instrumental in the development of the Walnut Street Prison and later, the Eastern State P

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Schmidt, Dariusz. "The Pedagogical Concept of Penitentiary Reforms by Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. Vision, Contexts, and References." Kultura i Edukacja 142, no. 4 (2023): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/kie.2023.04.03.

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The text is devoted to the analysis of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi’s pedagogical concept of reforming criminal legislation, modernizing the prison system and dealing with convicts. Although this is not the main axis of his work and covers only a few texts, the message contained in them, supported by the author’s practical activity, makes him considered one of the main prison reformers of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the mental father of the first wave of Swiss penitentiary reforms and the protoplast of the educational view of the purpose of imprisonment. After a introduction, the imp

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FOX, ALEX, CHRIS FOX, and CAROLINE MARSH. "Could Personalisation Reduce Re-offending? Reflections on Potential Lessons from British Social Care Reform for the British Criminal Justice System." Journal of Social Policy 42, no. 4 (2013): 721–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279413000512.

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AbstractRising prison numbers and high rates of re-offending illustrate the need for criminal justice reform. In the social care sector, the ‘personalisation revolution’ has resulted in the near eradication of long-term, institutional care for the majority of people with disabilities and many frail older people, increasing satisfaction. This paper examines what this has entailed and considers the case for introducing personalisation in the criminal justice system. It concludes that criminal justice reformers can learn from the social care experience and suggests how personalisation might fit w

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Bergerson, Peter J., Malcolm M. Feeley, and Edward L. Rubin. "Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed American Prisons." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 28, no. 4 (1998): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3331148.

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Bertelli, Anthony M. "Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 18, no. 3 (1999): 532–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6688(199922)18:3<532::aid-pam20>3.0.co;2-j.

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Shafir, Nir. "The international congress as scientific and diplomatic technology: global intellectual exchange in the International Prison Congress, 1860–90." Journal of Global History 9, no. 1 (2014): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022813000508.

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AbstractIn the 1870s, the American prison reformer E. C. Wines attempted to bring together representatives from every country and colony in the world to discuss the administration and reform of the prison, under the auspices of the International Prison Congress. This article tackles the challenge by exploring how the international congress operated as both a social scientific technology and a diplomatic forum that emerged from this short-lived world of amateur social science and diplomacy. It argues that the exigencies of the international congress as a social scientific space forced it to tak

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Schroeder, Nicole Lee. "“An Emporium of Beggars,” Medical Rhetoric, Disability, and Philadelphia’s Early Nationalist Welfare Crises." Journal of the Early Republic 44, no. 1 (2024): 57–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2024.a922051.

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Abstract: In the early 1800s, cities across the Atlantic world launched welfare reforms designed to curtail excessive spending. Cities like Philadelphia opened numerous investigations into the rise of poverty and local governments ushered in new practices that depended heavily on institutions like hospitals, prisons, and boarding schools. This article considers the rhetoric used by early Philadelphia reformers to defend reform practices. Relying on hundreds of pension applications, I compare descriptions of the poor offered by government officials with actual pension records. I argue that thes

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Carroll, Leo. "Book Review: Judicial Policy Making and the Modern State: How the Courts Reformed America's Prisons." Criminal Justice Review 25, no. 1 (2000): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073401680002500119.

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Müller, Retief. "War, Exilic Pilgrimage and Mission: South Africa's Dutch Reformed Church in the Early Twentieth Century." Studies in World Christianity 24, no. 1 (2018): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2018.0205.

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The main subject of inquiry here is the interrelationship between war, mission and exile in South Africa's Dutch Reformed Church at the turn of the twentieth century. The first setting of note is the Anglo—Boer War (1899–1902) when a group of Boer soldiers decided to form the Commando's Dank Zending Vereniging (Commando's Thanksgiving Mission Society) after visiting a Swiss missionary station in the northern Transvaal. Next follows Boer experiences of exile on the islands of St Helena, Ceylon and elsewhere as prisoners of war. A number of these POWs were evangelised and recruited for mission t

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