Academic literature on the topic 'Prisoners, russia (federation)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Prisoners, russia (federation)"
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Aristov, Stanislav V., and Valentina N. Aristova. "The role of communication in the survival of Nazi concentration camp prisoners." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 480 (2023): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/480/10.
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The aim of the article is to analyze the communication of prisoners of Nazi concentration camps as one of the factors in the prisoners' struggle for life in extreme conditions. The sources of the research are materials from Russian and foreign archives: the State Archive of the Russian Federation (Russia), the Yad Vashem Archive (Israel), the Security Service Archive (Ukraine), the Holocaust Memorial Archive (USA), the Bundesarchive (Germany), as well as published memoirs and interviews of former prisoners. In particular, the authors analyzed the testimony of former prisoners, criminal cases against the concentration camps' administrative and security personnel convicted in the course of post-war trials. As a result of their research, the authors concluded that language ability and communication played a critical role in the rescue of prisoners. If prisoners spoke several languages, mastered the internal camp jargon, and also managed to build communication with representatives of the camp administration, functionary prisoners and ordinary prisoners, their chances of survival increased significantly. If adaptation to the camp's linguistic realities did not take place, prisoners had practically no opportunity to escape. The authors examine the characteristics that determined the framework of the camp community, among which the main were Nazi ideological attitudes, as well as prisoners' pre-camp experience. They thoroughly analyze German and camp jargon - the languages that, if mastered, determined prisoners' survival. The authors show how German changed due to lexical and semantic neologisms and the role it played in prisoners' subjugation, demonstrate that the camp jargon developed in several directions - the formation of a single lingua franca and the formation of jargon in national groups of prisoners, and also pay particular attention to the role that translators played in the camp life. The authors characterize the basic models of camp communication: “SS man - ordinary prisoner”, “SS man - camp functionary”, “representative of the camp ‘elite' - ordinary prisoner”, “prisoner - prisoner”, “prisoner - civilian worker”, and note the possibility (or impossibility) of prisoners within each of them to be saved. Finally, the authors describe the role of communication in organizing the underground Resistance, in order not only to survive, but also to actively resist the Nazi terror.
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Tarasov, Maxim Yu. "A New Element in the Extradition Procedure." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 464 (2021): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/464/29.
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The aim of the article is to justify a new element in the procedure for the extradition of a person for criminal prosecution or sentence execution. This element is the checking for compliance with internationally recognized standards of the conditions of the possible detention before trial, incarceration, as well as during transfer, in the country this person is extradited to. The source basis of the study were materials of the European Court of Human Rights, courts of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the Main Directorate of International Legal Cooperation of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation, materials of checks of confinement conditions in Russian penitentiary institutions. Materials of checks of confinement conditions in specific penitentiary institutions have been supplemented with materials of checks of conditions for transferring prisoners in the Russian Federation. The study is based on the application of the method of participatory observation expressed in the collection of factual material during direct participation in the work of the Main Directorate of International Legal Cooperation of the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation in organizing checks by foreign experts of the confinement conditions of prisoners when deciding on extradition. Methods of observation, interviewing, experiment, analysis, comparison, and others were also used. The analysis of the available materials and the author’s own practice showed that foreign partners began to actively use information about unsatisfactory confinement conditions in prisons in specific cases as a basis for refusal to extradite people to Russia. When deciding on the extradition of persons detained at the request of the Russian side for criminal prosecution, the practice of foreign partners has introduced the organization of regular checks of the alleged confinement conditions in the Russian Federation on specific criminal cases in relation to specific persons. In order to overcome the emerging problems, on a contractual basis, foreign authoritative specialists are organizing inspections of the conditions in various penitentiary institutions. The results of such inspections in specific penitentiary institutions are of direct importance in matters of extradition in specific cases. On the basis of this material, the need was justified to include an additional element in the theoretical and legislative model of extradition, which no one has yet mentioned in the legal literature – checking the conditions of the possible detention of the extradited person before trial and incarceration. In order to overcome the negative trends, a set of measures at three different levels has been proposed to bring the conditions of the person extradited during the transfer to Russia in line with internationally recognized standards.
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Skiba, Andrey, and Natalia Maloletkinа. "Prevention of Offences Committed by Convicted Prisoners of War: Problems of International Law, Penitentiary and Other Legal Regulation." Russian Journal of Criminology 16, no. 4 (September 30, 2022): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2022.16(4).522-528.
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The goal of the article is to prove the necessity of forming in Russia a legal basis for a complex correctional-preventive influence on convicted prisoners of war due to their higher danger, relevant professional skills, and specific individual characteristics. Focusing the attention of Russian lawmakers on the legal regulation of key means of correcting convicts (definition of the concept of correction, a list of its means and then only a partial description of the contents of some of them) does not result in the creation of an interconnected system aimed at the prevention of penitentiary crimes, malicious violations and other offences committed by convicts. Although the prevention of new offences by convicts is one of the goals of penitentiary legislation, the Penitentiary Code of the Russian Federation does not include the means of achieving it, and the preventive significance of various penological and inter-sectoral institutions used in the context of convicts correction and early release from serving a sentence is not sufficiently described and implemented. The authors conclude that there is no due legal regulation of the treatment of prisoners of war in Russian legislation, including the Federal Constitutional Law «On Martial Law» and the Penitentiary Code of the Russian Federation, and that it is necessary to take into consideration the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War to improve the effectiveness of preventing offences committed by convicted prisoners of war. A number of clauses of the abovementioned international document present interest for the improvement of penitentiary and other Russian legislation, including a prohibition of the repatriation of prisoners of war in cases of a self-inflicted injury, gaining access to spiritual help from a religious organization only if the prisoners behavior is lawful, a possibility of preliminary detention before the imposition of penalty, the use of other measures by the state agencies of the Detaining Power, and well as by other international and national public organizations when convicted prisoners of war are isolated through their internment.
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Gushchyn, О., and D. Kyryshun. "Prisoners of war legal regime in Russia-Ukraine conflict." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 4 (52) (2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2022.52.43-49.
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The article examines the content of the legal regime defined by the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 and the First Additional Protocol of 1977 regarding the treatment of prisoners of war. The content of the obligations of the subjects of international relations for the implementation of the norms and principles of IHL was studied. The results of the implementation activities of Ukraine and the Russian Federation before the start of full-scale aggression and after it were analyzed. Attention is paid to the importance of researching the content of the updated 2020 Commentary to the Third Geneva Convention and its implementation into national legislation. The content of the main principles of International Humanitarian Law regarding the treatment of prisoners of war is described in detail. It is noted that the level of effectiveness of compliance with the norms and principles of IHL during the conflict depends on the completeness of the implementation. As of February 2022, both states were not ready to fulfill their obligations to comply with GCIII. Ukraine, as a party to the conflict, quickly began implementation activities and adopted a number of acts on the treatment of prisoners of war, including a national information bureau. On the other hand, the Russian Federation did not and still does not intend to initiate similar implementation measures. The problem of the procedure of activating the legal regimes "state of war" and "martial law" by political leadership of Ukraine, as well as the formal recognition of the existence of an international armed conflict, is considered. The National Information Bureau in Ukraine was created and started its activities. In Russia internal legal and political discourse still does not recognize the existence of an armed conflict which hinders the implementation process.
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Antipov, Aleksey N. "International Prisoner Treatment Standards: For and Against." Criminal-Executory System: law, economics, management 6 (October 29, 2020): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-4438-2020-6-3-6.
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Russia’s accession to the Council of Europe at the end of the XX century predetermined the convergence and divergence processes of international and Russian law, led to the implementation of European standards and rules for the treatment of prisoners in Russian legislation, and established Russia’s obligation to implement the decisions of the European court of human rights. However, it was not the lack of scientific and economic justification for some of the proposed changes and additions that created an inappropriate result, situations that are not typical of Russia and in some cases contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
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Zarubina, K. A. "AUE* Movement as a Criminal Phenomenon that Determines the Development of Professional Crime: the Essence and Methods of Struggle* The organization is banned in the Russian Federation." Siberian Law Herald 2 (2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2071-8136.2021.2.72.
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The article highlights the development and activities of such informal youth movement as «the criminal unity of Prisoners»,«the urkagan unity of Prisoners» or «the way of life of Prisoners is one» (hereinafter-AUE), which supports, promotes and develops the ideology of criminal «romance», criminal subculture. The main reasons for the formation of the informal youth movement in Russia and the version of the concept of AUE are considered. The main features of AUE associations are investigated: stability; stability of the composition (2 or more persons); common intent of members of associations aimed at preparing and committing crimes of extremist orientation (on the ideological component); coordination of actions of members of the Association; main-taining and promoting a criminal subculture; the presence of an organizer (leader) in the Association, connections with the criminal world, etc. The article studies the influence of this criminal phenomenon on the behavior of modern youth, as well as on the development of crime in modern Russia, including one of its most dangerous varieties - professional criminal activity. The main problems of bringing persons belonging to the AUE movement to administrative and criminal responsibility are considered. The article analyzes the activities of members of AUE associations in terms of extremism, as well as the possibility of bringing persons belonging to AUE associations to criminal responsibility under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation. As a practical conclusion, a list of signs of AUE associations that a law enforcement officer can refer to when qualifying crimes under article 282.1 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation is presented.
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Chechelnitskiy, I. V. "International Activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation: Content, Problems, Prospects." Lex Russica 77, no. 7 (July 24, 2024): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2024.212.7.070-085.
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The paper analyzes the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation in the field of international cooperation on the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms from theoretical and practical standpoints. The author pays special attention to the place and role of the institution of the public defender of human rights during armed conflicts. The author considers state human rights activities related to international cooperation in the field of human rights in the context of the following four main sections: interaction with international organizations; cooperation with ombudsmen of foreign countries; protection of the rights of Russian citizens abroad; protection of the rights of foreign citizens located on the territory of the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes such new formats of state human rights activities as conducting a dialogue with the ombudsmen of «unfriendly states» with which there are no diplomatic relations, including during armed conflicts, on issues of assistance to Russian citizens whose rights are violated on the territory of these states; organizing work on family reunification, who find themselves on different sides of the contact line; the Ombudsman’s participation in the exchange of prisoners carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the search for missing persons during armed conflicts; mutual visits to prisoners with ombudsmen of foreign states and the organization of the transfer of parcels for them from relatives; interaction of the Commissioner with the International Committee of the Red Cross on assistance in visiting prisoners, searching for missing servicemen; the Commissioner’s interaction with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in providing assistance to citizens evacuated to Russia. The proposals for improving the normative legal regulation of the activities of a state human rights defender in international cooperation, including during inter-state conflicts, both at the national and international levels, are substantiated.
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Zadorozhnii, O. "REVISITING THE ISSUE ON THE EXTRATERRITORIAL EFFECT OF THE RUSSIAN LAW AND THE INTERNATIONAL LAW." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, no. 130 (2017): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2017.130.0.50-69.
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The article covers the issue of specific breaches of international law provisions owed to Ukraine by Russia. The article also examines problems in the application of international law by Russia. In the course of the Russian aggression against Ukraine, the former is carrying out the military occupation of the Crimean peninsula and parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions and prosecutes Ukrainian citizens (Nadiya Savchenko, Oleh Sentsov, Oleksandr Kolchenko, Hennadii Afanasyev, Yurii Soloshenko and others) in violation of international law. Both Russian executives and doctrine attempt to substantiate the cases against Ukrainian citizens, however, their arguments suffer both legal and factual problems. An illustrative in this regard is Savchenko’s case, which has become important Russian propaganda tool to help reinforce the accusations of the “atrocities committed by the Kyiv junta”. The analyses shows that Savchenko case could have been used to complete different tasks – starting from lifting the sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation and finishing with increasing the number of Russian volunteers in the war against Ukraine. Also, Russia has prosecuted Oleh Sentsov who has been charged with creating a terrorist group and committing two acts of terrorism. One of the most untenable legal arguments of the Russian Federation is a qualification of the aggression as a non-international armed conflict. In this regard, Russian authorities and doctrine insist on Russia’s not being bound or entitled to apply the rules of international armed conflicts laid down in the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (III) to Savchenko. At the same time, a considerable amount of data speaks for an aggressive war the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation launched against Ukraine in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The Russian Federation has also grossly violated the norms of international humanitarian law and international human rights law.
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Zadorozhnii, O. "REVISITING THE ISSUE ON THE EXTRATERRITORIAL EFFECT OF THE RUSSIAN LAW AND THE INTERNATIONAL LAW." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 130 (2017): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2017.130.1.50-69.
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The article covers the issue of specific breaches of international law provisions owed to Ukraine by Russia. The article also examines problems in the application of international law by Russia. In the course of the Russian aggression against Ukraine, the former is carrying out the military occupation of the Crimean peninsula and parts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions and prosecutes Ukrainian citizens (Nadiya Savchenko, Oleh Sentsov, Oleksandr Kolchenko, Hennadii Afanasyev, Yurii Soloshenko and others) in violation of international law. Both Russian executives and doctrine attempt to substantiate the cases against Ukrainian citizens, however, their arguments suffer both legal and factual problems. An illustrative in this regard is Savchenko’s case, which has become important Russian propaganda tool to help reinforce the accusations of the “atrocities committed by the Kyiv junta”. The analyses shows that Savchenko case could have been used to complete different tasks – starting from lifting the sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation and finishing with increasing the number of Russian volunteers in the war against Ukraine. Also, Russia has prosecuted Oleh Sentsov who has been charged with creating a terrorist group and committing two acts of terrorism. One of the most untenable legal arguments of the Russian Federation is a qualification of the aggression as a non-international armed conflict. In this regard, Russian authorities and doctrine insist on Russia’s not being bound or entitled to apply the rules of international armed conflicts laid down in the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (III) to Savchenko. At the same time, a considerable amount of data speaks for an aggressive war the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation launched against Ukraine in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The Russian Federation has also grossly violated the norms of international humanitarian law and international human rights law.
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Lazarenko, Elena I. "Newspaper clippings with information about the status of Russian war prisoners in 1918 as a historical source." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 3 (2022): 780–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2022-27-3-780-793.
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We consider the activities of the Soviet press in 1918 to inform society about the problems of Russian war prisoners in the camps of the states of the Quadruple Alliance, re-evacuation home and providing them with comprehensive state assistance. The relevance of the study is to compare the printed publications of the First World War, which operated during the reign of Nicholas II, the Provisional Government and the Soviet government, and to consider how the pol-icy and ideology regarding Russian prisoners of war affected the media. The purpose of the article is based on the analysis of newspaper clippings from 1918 of the State Archive of the Russian Federation. During the study of works by Russian historians, printed publications of the Great War, it was concluded that the attitude towards Russian war prisoners by the tsarist leadership and the Soviet authorities were different. In the Russian press for 1914–1917, problems related to Rus-sian war prisoners were rarely mentioned, mass surrenders and statistics on the number of prison-ers of war languishing in foreign camps were kept silent. Due to the lack of information in printed publications in 1914–1915 borrowed articles from foreign newspapers. It seems that tsarism has forgotten about its compatriots in captivity. But local newspapers constantly talked about the situation of foreign prisoners of war in various regions and cities of Russia. Clippings from Soviet newspapers provided important information that was difficult to find in other historical sources, showing the social policy and ideology towards Russian war prisoners on the part of the Bolshe-viks. The government headed by V.I. Lenin tried in every possible way to help war prisoners who found themselves in a difficult situation, covering their activities and the fate of prisoners of war in newspapers, thereby gaining the confidence of the population of the country in order to enlist support for the young Soviet state.
Books on the topic "Prisoners, russia (federation)"
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Sturova, M. P. Sot͡s︡ialʹno-pedagogicheskie osnovy dei͡a︡telʹnosti ispravitelʹno-trudovykh uchrezhdeniĭ: Uchebnoe posobie. Moskva: Akademii͡a︡ MVD RF, 1993.
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Khabarov, Aleksandr. Ti︠u︡rʹma i zona: Ot zvonka do zvonka ; Mezhdu zakonom i sovestʹi︠u︡ ; Fakty i dokumenty. Moskva: T︠S︡entrpoligraf, 2000.
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Khabarov, Aleksandr. Ti͡u︡rʹma i zona: Ot zvonka do zvonka, mezhdu zakonom i sovestʹi͡u︡, fakty i dokumenty. Moskva: T͡S︡entrpoligraf, 1997.
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1918-2008, Solzhenit︠s︡yn Aleksandr Isaevich, and Lantz K. A, eds. Voices from the Gulag. Evanston, Ill: Northwestern University Press, 2010.
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Rawicz, Slavomir. The long walk: The true story of a trek to freedom. Guilford, CT: Lyons Press, 2010.
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Stonov, Dmitriĭ. In the past night: The Siberian stories. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press, 1995.
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Pope, Edmond D. Torpedoed: An American businessman's true story of secrets, betrayal, imprisonment in Russia, and the battle to set him free. Boston: Little, Brown, and Co., 2001.
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Compton, R. G. A.G. Stromberg: First class scientist, second class citizen : letters from the GULAG and a history of electroanalysis in the USSR. London: Imperial College Press, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Prisoners, russia (federation)"
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Ekmekçioğlu, Lerna. "Cohabitating in Captivity: Vartouhie Calantar Nalbandian (Zarevand) at the Women’s Section of Istanbul’s Central Prison (1915–1918)." In Documenting the Armenian Genocide, 39–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36753-3_4.
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AbstractVartouhie Calantar Nalbandian (1893–1978), the only Armenian woman known to have been arrested by the Ottoman Turkish authorities in Istanbul in the spring of 1915, was born in Bursa to a Russian Armenian father and an Ottoman Armenian mother. One of the first generation of Armenian girls who received a European university education, Vartouhie sent letters home from Lausanne that would change the course of her life. In 1915, the Ottoman police raided the family home as Tavit Kalantar had been a high-level educator in Armenian schools. They found Vartouhie’s letters to her parents and her father’s papers, which they claimed included incriminating evidence. In August 1915, a military tribunal convicted Vartouhie and her father of propagating Armenian separatist ideology. They served two-and-a-half years in Constantinople’s Central Prison and, thanks to their Russian citizenship, were released after the Bolsheviks signed the Brest-Litovsk Treaty with the Central Powers, requiring “prisoners of war” to be freed.Vartouhie published her prison memoirs in 16 installments in the feminist journal Hay Gin (Armenian Woman), the first prison memoir by a woman in the Middle East and one of the very few for the Ottoman Empire. In 1921, Vartouhie emigrated to the US, where she married Zaven Nalbandian, a high-level Armenian Revolutionary Federation member who participated in Operation Nemesis. In 1926, they published an important book in Armenian on the pan-Turkic movement under the penname Zarevand. In 1971, the newly minted sociology professor Vahakn Dadrian translated their book into English as United and Independent Turania: Aims and Designs of the Turks. Their historical and political analysis, the first study of the Armenian Genocide in the United States, argues that Turkish irredentism had been a real threat for Armenians who stood in the way of the unification of Turkic peoples under one state. This chapter writes a hitherto unknown feminist and historian into Armenian, Turkish, and Ottoman historiographies as well as genocide and prison studies.
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Coyle, Andrew. "The legacy of the Gulag." In Prisons of the World, 56–77. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447362470.003.0006.
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This chapter describes the desperate conditions in some of the most infamous prisons and labour colonies in a number of the countries of the former Soviet Union, such as Belarus, throughout the 1990s. For over a decade the author was a regular visitor to the region in various contexts: as a member of the Russia/Council of Europe programme on the Reform of the Prison System in the Russian Federation; as an expert member of several visits of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture to the region; with the World Health Organisation for work in tackling the problem of rampant tuberculosis in places of detention; and for work on the abolition of the death penalty. The chapter is also interspersed with accounts of his presence during some historic moments including the attempted coup against President Boris Yeltsin in Moscow in 1993.
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Butler, William E. "The Administration of Legality." In Russian Law, 163–236. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199562220.003.0006.
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Abstract The expression ‘administration of legality’ is used in a special sense in this chapter to refer both to State and non-State bodies directly concerned in the Russian Federation with the application and enforcement of the law, excluding the advocates and jurisconsults, who have been discussed previously (see Chapter 5 above). The Russian ministries of justice in their present or past forms have no precise analogy in Britain or North America. The first RSFSR People’s Commissariat of Justice created the day after the 1917 October Revolution included among its functions the investigation of offences, the administration of prisons and camps, the administration of the separation of Church from State, and the codification of legislation, among others. In 1921 these functions were broadened to include supreme judicial control and in 1922 to embrace the Procuracy. The repeated reorganizations of the ministries need not detain us here, except to note that from 1963 to 1970 they were abolished completely and their functions dispersed among other agencies. On 31 August 1970 the USSR Ministry of Justice was formed as a union-republic ministry and the Statute on the Ministry confirmed on 21 March 1972.
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Serebrennikova, Anna Valerevna. "Voprosy ispolneniia ugolovnykh nakazanii v vide lisheniia svobody v usloviiakh realizatsii Kontseptsii razvitiia ugolovno-ispolnitel'noi sistemy Rossiiskoi Federatsii na period do 2030 goda." In Law and economic development: current issues, 174–82. Publishing house Sreda, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-107978.
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The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of the execution of imprisonment related to labor adaptation as a means of correcting convicts in the context of the provisions of the 2030 Concept, in particular with the problem of the sale of products produced by convicts to introduce them to work, and the conditions of transportation of products manufactured by convicts. The objective of this study was to analyze the need to strengthen the formation and development of labor production in prisons and colonies, through the development of new production capacities, including through new investments by entrepreneurs, for which a targeted state policy providing a certain tax regime for entrepreneurs wishing to cooperate with institutions of the penal system is a pre-requisite. The author comes to the conclusion that the organization of employment in places of deprivation of liberty should be carried out taking into account the requirements of a market economy, as well as taking into account the fact that the work of convicts who have been sentenced to imprisonment should contribute to the socialization of convicts into society, their correction and their preparation for release, by introducing convicts to work, that the creation of the conditions for ensuring the normal functioning of production facilities in prisons and colonies related to the work of convicts, and the establishment of a transport process for the delivery of products produced by them, will not be complete without the development of standard contracts for the carriage of goods, taking into account the peculiarities of the institutions of the penal system. These conclusions suggest that the studies they are based on will allow interested persons to look at the problem of the execution of sentences in the form of imprisonment from a different perspective, taking into account the needs not only of the penal enforcement system, but also at a more global level provided for by the Concept of the Development of the Penal Enforcement System of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. The main methodology of the author was the method of complex cognition, which allows to determine the value of the labor function of those sentenced to punishment.
Conference papers on the topic "Prisoners, russia (federation)"
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Kucheruk, Irina. "Peculiarities of cultural part of New Great Game in the Caspian region in terms of games." In "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.ylxp7419.
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The Caspian region having cross-boundary specifics is now a center of attraction for various countries and powers that are interested in hydrocarbon reserves of the region, its geopolitical location and political impact on the Caspian countries that include former Soviet states in order to achieve their own geopolitical goals. Under these circumstances, the Russian Federation needs to choose the dominant strategy of action in the region that will enable to activate the relations between Russia and the Caspian states in various spheres including cultural and humanitarian cooperation. A cultural diplomacy can and must become such a strategy in a New Great Game for the Caspian region. Its effective component includes support of the compatriots, offer of educational programs at Russian universities and other educational institutions, promotion of the Russian language and literature. In the future all this will allow to achieve better results in the spread of the Russian soft power in the countries of “the Caspian four”, provided that this geopolitical resource is conceptualized, and active, not discreet steps, are made. To define effective strategy for soft power implementation in the Caspian region the game theory and the so-called Prisoner’s dilemma can be used. The latter has long been used for assessment and forecast the effectiveness of the international cooperation.