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1

MACIEL, NATAN MEDEIROS, WILIAN VAZ-SILVA, RENAN MANOEL DE OLIVEIRA, and JOSÉ MANUEL PADIAL. "A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado." Zootaxa 3265, no. 1 (2012): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3265.1.3.

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A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Pristimantis conspicillatus group is described from theCerrado biome in central Brazil. Pristimantis ventrigranulosus sp. nov. is found in riparian forests associated with a par-ticular palm tree called “babaçú” (Attalea speciosa: Aracaceae) in northwestern Goiás state of Brazil. The new species isonly known from the type locality: Fazenda Macaúba (16°35’23” S; 51°47’43” W, approximately 400 m above sea level),Piranhas Municipality in the state of Goiás. The new species differs from the other species in the P. conspicillatus groupm
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2

Lopes, André Gomes, Fillipe Pedroso-Santos, Jackson Cleiton Sousa, Joandro Pandilha Santos, and Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos. "Vocalizations, morphological variation, and morphometry of Pristimantis gutturalis (Anura: Strabomantidae)." Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology 21, no. 2 (2022): 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v21i2p161-180.

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 Pristimantis gutturalis is a species of the P. conspicillatus group described from French Guiana, with distribution so far restricted to the eastern Guiana Shield. Some aspects of this species are yet understudied, including its vocal repertoire which is unknown to date. Although in its original description it was properly characterized with regard to morphology, the description of its coloration in life consisted of brief remarks based on field notes on two females only. Moreover, little morphometric data were presented in its description, with detailed measurement
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3

Köhler, Jörn, Ernesto Castillo-Urbina, César Aguilar-Puntriano, Miguel Vences, and Frank Glaw. "Rediscovery, redescription and identity of Pristimantis nebulosus (Henle, 1992), and description of a new terrestrial-breeding frog from montane rainforests of central Peru (Anura, Strabomantidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 98, no. 2 (2022): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.84963.

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The taxonomic status of the strabomantid frog species Pristimantis nebulosus (Henle, 1992), originating from the southern Cordillera Azul in central Peru, is investigated based on examination of the holotype and its comparison with freshly collected topotypic material. Following current standards, we provide a redescription of the holotype. It is in a rather poor state and exhibits certain damages and preservation artifacts, conditions that have hampered an allocation of this nominal taxon to any known living population of Pristimantis in the past. Our detailed specimen-to-specimen comparison
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Köhler, Jörn, Ernesto Castillo-Urbina, César Aguilar-Puntriano, Miguel Vences, and Frank Glaw. "Rediscovery, redescription and identity of Pristimantis nebulosus (Henle, 1992), and description of a new terrestrial-breeding frog from montane rainforests of central Peru (Anura, Strabomantidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 98, no. (2) (2022): 213–32. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.98.84963.

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The taxonomic status of the strabomantid frog species Pristimantis nebulosus (Henle, 1992), originating from the southern Cordillera Azul in central Peru, is investigated based on examination of the holotype and its comparison with freshly collected topotypic material. Following current standards, we provide a redescription of the holotype. It is in a rather poor state and exhibits certain damages and preservation artifacts, conditions that have hampered an allocation of this nominal taxon to any known living population of Pristimantis in the past. Our detailed specimen-to-specimen comparison
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5

ROBERTO, IGOR JOVENTINO, DANIEL LOEBMANN, MARIANA L. LYRA, CÉLIOF B. HADDAD, and ROBSON WALDEMAR ÁVILA. "A new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the “Brejos de Altitude” in Northeast Brazil." Zootaxa 5100, no. 4 (2022): 521–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5100.4.4.

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Pristimantis is the most diverse Neotropical genus of terrestrial vertebrates and is distributed from Central America to Argentina. The last few years have seen the description of several new species of the genus, suggesting that its diversity is still underestimated. After decades of uncertainties about the taxonomic status of populations of Pristimantis from the “Brejos de Altitude” of the state of Ceará, Northeast Brazil, we finally found morphological, acoustic and molecular evidence confirming their distinctiveness from other Atlantic Forest species. The new species is characterized by th
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6

Oliveira, Elciomar Araújo De, Luis Reginaldo Rodrigues, Igor Luis Kaefer, Karll Cavalcante Pinto, and Emil José Hernández-Ruz. "A new species of Pristimantis from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae)." ZooKeys 687 (August 2, 2017): 101–29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221.

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In this study a new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) of the P. conspicillatus species group is described. Pristimantis latro sp. n. is known only from the municipalities of Altamira, Anapu, Brasil Novo, Medicilândia, Uruará and Aveiro (Flona Tapajós, right bank of Tapajós river), in Pará state, Brazil. Morphologically, the new species distinguishes from known congeners in the group mainly by the presence of dorsal tubercles and absence of discoidal folds, smooth belly skin, as well as the presence of supernumerary tubercles on hands. The call of the new species consists of seven
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7

Oliveira, Elciomar Araújo De, Luís Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Igor Luis Kaefer, Karll Cavalcante Pinto, and Emil José Hernández-Ruz. "Corrigenda: A new species of Pristimantis from eastern Brazilian Amazonia (Anura, Craugastoridae). ZooKeys 687: 101–129 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.687.13221." ZooKeys 711 (October 23, 2017): 151–52. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.21220.

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In this study we describe a new species of <i>Pristimantis</i> (Anura: Craugastoridae) of the<i> P. conspicillatus</i> species group. <i>Pristimantis latro </i><b>sp. nov. </b>is known only from the municipalities of Altamira, Anapu, Brasil Novo, Medicil&acirc;ndia, Uruar&aacute; and Aveiro (Flona Tapaj&oacute;s, right bank of Tapaj&oacute;s river), in Par&aacute; state, Brazil. Morphologically, the new species distinguishes from known congeners in the group mainly by the presence of dorsal tubercles and absence of discoidal folds, smooth belly skin, as well as the presence of supernumerary tu
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8

Taucce, Pedro P. G., Jamile S. Nascimento, Camila C. Trevisan, et al. "A New Rupicolous Species of the Pristimantis conspicillatus Group (Anura: Brachycephaloidea: Craugastoridae) from Central Bahia, Brazil." Journal of Herpetology 54, no. 2 (2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/19-114.

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9

Carrión-Olmedo, Julio C., and Santiago R. Ron. "A new cryptic species of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes." Evolutionary Systematics 5 (July 23, 2021): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62661.

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With 566 species, the neotropical genus Pristimantis is the most speciose vertebrate genus. As a result of its striking diversity, taxonomic reviews remain a challenge. Herein, we present an updated phylogeny of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group and describe a new species from Llanganates and Sangay National Parks. We also report, for the first time, the phylogenetic position of Pristimantis degener, P. eugeniae, P. katoptroides, and P. petersi. Based on our phylogeny, we add two species to the Pristimantis lacrimosus group. Through the integration of molecular and bioacoustic evidence, we des
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10

Carrión-Olmedo, Julio C., and Santiago R. Ron. "A new cryptic species of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes." Evolutionary Systematics 5 (July 23, 2021): 151–75. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62661.

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With 566 species, the neotropical genus Pristimantis is the most speciose vertebrate genus. As a result of its striking diversity, taxonomic reviews remain a challenge. Herein, we present an updated phylogeny of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group and describe a new species from Llanganates and Sangay National Parks. We also report, for the first time, the phylogenetic position of Pristimantis degener, P. eugeniae, P. katoptroides, and P. petersi. Based on our phylogeny, we add two species to the Pristimantis lacrimosus group. Through the integration of molecular and bioacoustic evidence, we des
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11

RIVERA-CORREA, MAURICIO, CARLOS JIMÉNEZ-RIVILLAS, and JUAN M. DAZA. "Phylogenetic analysis of the Neotropical Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae): molecular approach and description of a new polymorphic species." Zootaxa 4242, no. 2 (2017): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.6.

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Pristimantis, distributed throughout the New World tropics, is the most speciose vertebrate genus. Pristimantis presents an enormous morphological diversity and is currently divided into several demonstrably non-monophyletic phenetic species groups. With the purpose of increasing our understanding of Pristimantis systematics, we present the first phylogenetic analysis using molecular evidence to test the monophyly and infer evolutionary relationships within the Pristimantis leptolophus group, an endemic group of frogs from the highlands of the Colombian Andes. Our phylogenetic reconstruction r
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12

Reyes-Puig, Juan Pablo, Miguel Urgilés-Merchán, Daniela Franco-Mena, Juan M. Guayasamin, Diego Batallas, and Carolina Reyes-Puig. "Two new species of terrestrial frogs of the Pristimantis gladiator complex (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes, with insights on their biogeography and skull morphology." ZooKeys 1180 (September 26, 2023): 257–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.107333.

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The explosive diversity of rainfrogs (Pristimantis spp) reaches its highest levels in the mountains of the Tropical Andes, with remarkable cryptic species mainly in unexplored areas of Ecuador. Based on phylogenetics, morphometric traits, skull osteology and bioacoustics, we describe two new species of Pristimantis, previously confused with Pristimantis gladiator, that belong to the subgenus Trachyphrynus traditionally known as the Pristimantis myersi species group. The two new taxa are closely related, but have allopatric distributions. We discuss the importance of the Quijos and Pastaza Rive
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13

Reyes-Puig, Juan Pablo, Miguel Urgilés-Merchán, Daniela Franco-Mena, Juan M. Guayasamin, Diego Batallas, and Carolina Reyes-Puig. "Two new species of terrestrial frogs of the Pristimantis gladiator complex (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Ecuadorian Andes, with insights on their biogeography and skull morphology." ZooKeys 1180 (September 26, 2023): 257–93. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.107333.

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The explosive diversity of rainfrogs (Pristimantis spp) reaches its highest levels in the mountains of the Tropical Andes, with remarkable cryptic species mainly in unexplored areas of Ecuador. Based on phylogenetics, morphometric traits, skull osteology and bioacoustics, we describe two new species of Pristimantis, previously confused with Pristimantis gladiator, that belong to the subgenus Trachyphrynus traditionally known as the Pristimantis myersi species group. The two new taxa are closely related, but have allopatric distributions. We discuss the importance of the Quijos and Pastaza Rive
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14

Yánez-Muñoz, Mario H., Juan P. Reyes-Puig, Carolina Reyes-Puig, et al. "High speciation in the cryptic Pristimantis celator clade (Anura: Strabomantidae) of the Mira river basin, Ecuador-Colombia." PeerJ 13 (January 29, 2025): e18680. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18680.

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Over the past decade, research in the montane forests of the Mira River basin, spanning Ecuador and Colombia, has identified it as crucial for the adaptive radiation of flora and fauna, shaped by its complex geological and climatic history. This study focuses on the phylogenetic and systematic revision of a frog clade initially labeled as Pristimantis verecundus, revealing significant cryptic diversity. Through detailed analyses of type material and expanded molecular sampling, we found that the original description actually included specimens representing two additional species, which are des
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15

Franco-Mena, Daniela, Juan M. Guayasamin, Diego Andrade-Brito, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz, and Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic. "Unveiling the evolutionary relationships and the high cryptic diversity in Andean rainfrogs (Craugastoridae: Pristimantis myersi group)." PeerJ 11 (March 1, 2023): e14715. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14715.

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Background Pristimantis is the most diverse genus of terrestrial frogs. Historically, it has been divided into several phenetic groups in order to facilitate species identification. However, in light of phylogenetic analysis, many of these groups have been shown to be non-monophyletic, denoting a high degree of morphological convergence and limited number of diagnostic traits. In this study, we focus on the Pristimantis myersi group, an assemblage of small rainfrogs distributed throughout the Andes of Ecuador and Colombia, whose external morphology is highly conserved, and its species diversit
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Herrera-Alva, Valia, Alessandro Catenazzi, and César Aguilar-Puntriano. "A new cryptic species of terrestrial breeding frog of the Pristimantis danae Group (Anura, Strabomantidae) from montane forests in Ayacucho, Peru." ZooKeys 1187 (December 20, 2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1187.104536.

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Based on morphological and molecular characters, we describe a new species of terrestrial breeding frog of the Pristimantis danae Group from montane forests of La Mar Province, Ayacucho Department in southern Peru, at elevations from 1200 to 2000 m a.s.l. The phylogenetic analysis, based on concatenated sequences of gene fragments of 16S rRNA, RAG1, COI and TYR suggests that the new species is a sister taxon of a clade that includes one undescribed species of Pristimantis from Cusco, Pristimantis pharangobates and Pristimantis rhabdolaemus. The new species is most similar to P. rhabdolaemus, w
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MUESES-CISNEROS, JONH JAIRO. "A new species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephalidae) from the western flank of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia." Zootaxa 1271, no. 1 (2006): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1271.1.2.

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A new species of the Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group is named from the western flank of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia in the departamento de Santander. The species is similar to E. savagei Pyburn and Lynch and E. carranguerorum Lynch, although it is also similar to E. douglasi Lynch of the E. galdi group with which it is sympatric. Eleutherodactylus. padrecarlosi n. sp. differs from the previous species in external morphology, size and osteology. This new species, with E. ixalus Lynch and E. w-nigrum (Boettger) are at the moment the only three species of the E. conspicillatus grou
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Herrera-Alva, Valia, Alessandro Catenazzi, and César Aguilar-Puntriano. "A new cryptic species of terrestrial breeding frog of the Pristimantis danae Group (Anura, Strabomantidae) from montane forests in Ayacucho, Peru." ZooKeys 1187 (December 20, 2023): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1187.104536.

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Based on morphological and molecular characters, we describe a new species of terrestrial breeding frog of the <i>Pristimantis danae</i> Group from montane forests of La Mar Province, Ayacucho Department in southern Peru, at elevations from 1200 to 2000 m a.s.l. The phylogenetic analysis, based on concatenated sequences of gene fragments of 16S rRNA, RAG1, COI and TYR suggests that the new species is a sister taxon of a clade that includes one undescribed species of <i>Pristimantis</i> from Cusco, <i>Pristimantis pharangobates</i> and <i>Pristimantis rhabdolaemus</i>. The new species is most s
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Sánchez-Nivicela, Juan C., Elvis Celi-Piedra, Valentina Posse-Sarmiento, Verónica L. Urgilés, Mario Yánez-Muñoz, and Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia. "A new species of Pristimantis (Anura, Craugastoridae) from the Cajas Massif, southern Ecuador." ZooKeys 751 (April 20, 2018): 113–28. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.751.20541.

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A new species of Pristimantis is described from the highland paramos on the eastern slopes of the Cajas Massif, southern Andes of Ecuador, at 3400 m. This new species is characterized by having a distinctive reddish color, cutaneous macroglands in suprascapular region and surfaces of arm and legs, and by lacking dentigerous processes of vomers. The cutaneous macroglands are similar to those exhibited by several species of the Pristimantis orcesi group, and may suggest a close phylogenetic relationship. The new species could be a latitudinal substitution of Pristimantis orcesi in the southern A
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Ron, Santiago R., Julio Carrión, Marcel A. Caminer, et al. "Three new species of frogs of the genus Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) with a redefinition of the P. lacrimosus species group." ZooKeys 993 (November 16, 2020): 121–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53559.

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A new phylogeny for the Pristimantis lacrimosus species group is presented, its species content reviewed, and three new species described from the eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. Our phylogeny includes, for the first time, samples of P. aureolineatus, P. bromeliaceus, and P. lacrimosus. The morphology of hyperdistal subarticular tubercles is also assessed among 21 species of Pristimantis. The P. lacrimosus species group is composed of 36 species distributed in the Chocó, Guiana, and Amazon regions of tropical South America with a single species reaching Central America. Ancestral area
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Ron, Santiago R., Julio Carrión, Marcel A. Caminer, et al. "Three new species of frogs of the genus Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) with a redefinition of the P. lacrimosus species group." ZooKeys 993 (November 16, 2020): 121–55. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53559.

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A new phylogeny for the Pristimantis lacrimosus species group is presented, its species content reviewed, and three new species described from the eastern slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes. Our phylogeny includes, for the first time, samples of P. aureolineatus, P. bromeliaceus, and P. lacrimosus. The morphology of hyperdistal subarticular tubercles is also assessed among 21 species of Pristimantis. The P. lacrimosus species group is composed of 36 species distributed in the Chocó, Guiana, and Amazon regions of tropical South America with a single species reaching Central America. Ancestral area
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Guayasamin, Juan M., and Chris Funk. "The amphibian community at Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador, with a comparison of vertical microhabitat use among Pristimantis species and the description of a new species of the Pristimantis myersi group." Zootaxa 2220 (December 31, 2009): 41–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.190060.

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Guayasamin, Juan M., Funk, Chris (2009): The amphibian community at Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador, with a comparison of vertical microhabitat use among Pristimantis species and the description of a new species of the Pristimantis myersi group. Zootaxa 2220: 41-66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190060
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GUAYASAMIN, JUAN M., and W. CHRIS FUNK. "The amphibian community at Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador, with a comparison of vertical microhabitat use among Pristimantis species and the description of a new species of the Pristimantis myersi group." Zootaxa 2220, no. 1 (2009): 41–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2220.1.2.

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We provide information regarding the composition of the amphibian community at Yanayacu Biological Station, on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes of Ecuador, and describe a new species of Pristimantis that is referred to the P. myersi group. The new species is distinguished from other species of the group mainly by its color pattern, and by lacking ulnar and tarsal tubercles. The advertisement call of the new species has two distinct call types, a short call with 1–3 pulses and a long call with a mean of 15.5–18.9 more rapid pulses, which are often produced together in long call series. Finally
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BUSTAMANTE, MARTÍN R., and JOSEPH R. MENDELSON III. "A new frog species (Strabomantidae: Pristimantis) from the High Andes of Southeastern Ecuador." Zootaxa 1820, no. 1 (2008): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1820.1.4.

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We describe Pristimantis gagliardoi, a new medium sized (SVL 19.06–33.64 mm) Pristimantis species from the Andean forests of southeastern Ecuador. This species is referred to the P. unistrigatus group. It differs from other members in the unistrigatus group by the presence of large conical tubercles on the eyelid and heel, small conical ulnar and tarsal tubercles, suprascapular dermal ridges, and bronze iris.
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DUELLMAN, WILLIAM E., and JUAN CARLOS CHAPARRO. "Two distinctive new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Cordillera Oriental with a distributional synopsis of strabomantids in Central Peru." Zootaxa 1918, no. 1 (2008): 12–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1918.1.2.

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Two new species of the genus Pristimantis (Pristimantis) that are tentatively placed in the Pristimantis unistrigatus Group are described from the Yanachaga-Chemillén region in Departamento Pasco, Peru, where 24 species of strabomantid frogs are known. Both new species inhabit the humid montane forest on the slopes of the Andean Cordillera Oriental, and one of the new species apparently is a cryptic relative of another inhabitant of the region. Among 60 species of strabomantids recorded in a two-degree wide transect from the Amazonian lowland to the crest of the Cordillera Oriental, only three
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Lehr, Edgar, and May Rudolf von. "A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog (Amphibia, Craugastoridae, Pristimantis) from high elevations of the Pui Pui Protected Forest in central Peru." ZooKeys 660 (March 7, 2017): 17–42. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.660.11394.

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We describe a new species of Pristimantis from upper montane forests and high Andean grasslands of the Pui Pui Protected Forest and its close surroundings, Región Junín, central Peru. The description of the new species is based on 34 specimens found at elevations between 3400 and 3936 m a.s.l. Pristimantis attenboroughi sp. n. is characterized by a snout–vent length of 14.6–19.2 mm in adult males (n = 21), 19.2–23.0 mm in adult females (n = 10), and is compared morphologically and genetically with other taxonomically and biogeographically relevant species of Pristimantis. The new species is ch
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PALACIOS-RODRÍGUEZ, PABLO, JUAN M. DAZA, LUIS A. MAZARIEGOS-H., UBIEL RENDÓN, and ADOLFO AMÉZQUITA. "A new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) with a colourful venter from the cloud forests of Colombian western Andes." Zootaxa 5092, no. 1 (2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5092.1.3.

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The Terrarana frogs of the genus Pristimantis are acknowledged for their direct development into froglets and for their astonishing species richness, which renders it the anuran genus with the highest number of species. We describe a new species of Pristimantis from the northwestern Andes of Colombia. The species is distributed from an area between 2750-2900 m.a.s.l. in the Mesenia-Paramillo Nature Reserve. Pristimantis postducheminorum sp. nov. differs from other, phylogenetically related, or similar resembling Pristimantis taxa by a striking yellow coloration in the ventral area, dark grey c
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Ttito, Alex, and Alessandro Catenazzi. "Pristimantis achupalla sp. n., a new minute species of direct-developing frog (Amphibia, Anura, Strabomantidae) inhabiting bromeliads of the montane forest of the Amazonian Andes of Puno, Peru." PeerJ 9 (September 23, 2021): e11878. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11878.

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We describe a new species of bromeliad-dwelling Pristimantis from primary montane forest (2,225 m a.s.l.) in southern Peru. The type locality is near Thiuni, in the Department of Puno (province of Carabaya) in the upper watershed of a tributary of the Inambari River. Pristimantis achupalla sp. n. is characterized by a snout-vent length of 10.0–12.8 mm in adult males (n = 4), unknown in adult females, and is compared morphologically and genetically with species in the Pristimantis lacrimosus group, and with other similar species of Pristimantis. The new species is characterized by having skin o
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BRITO-ZAPATA, DAVID, CAROLINA REYES-PUIG, DIEGO CISNEROS-HEREDIA, DANIEL ZUMEL, and SANTIAGO R. RON. "Description of a new minute frog of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Cordillera del Condor, Ecuador." Zootaxa 5072, no. 4 (2021): 351–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.3.

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We describe a new species of Pristimantis from southern Ecuador, province of Zamora Chinchipe. The new species is closely related to an undescribed species of Pristimantis from Reserva Tapichalaca, Ecuador and with species of a clade historically assigned to the P. unistrigatus species group, such as P. parvillus, P. luteolateralis, P. walkeri, among others. The new species of Pristimantis is a miniaturized new frog (females 17.1±1.1 mm; males 13.2±0.9 mm), characterized by the presence of “› ‹”-shaped scapular folds, with two subconical tubercles on the medial and posterior regions of folds;
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30

LEHR, EDGAR, and GUNTHER KÖHLER. "A new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru." Zootaxa 1621, no. 1 (2007): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1621.1.4.

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We describe a new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group from cloud forest at 1700–1800 m in the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru (Departamento de Cajamarca). The type series comprises one adult female and three males. The new species has a maximum snout vent-length of 29.4 mm, a long snout, dentigerous processes of vomers present, discs on outer fingers broadly expanded, males that have vocal slits present and nuptial pads absent, and a distinct color pattern consisting of tan blotches and spots on a brown venter, anterior and posterior surfaces of the thighs, concealed surfaces of t
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31

Venegas, Pablo J., Luis A. García-Ayachi, Andy C. Barboza, and Alessandro Catenazzi. "Description of two new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae) from northern Peru, previously confused with P. phoxocephalus Lynch 1979." Holotipus 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11103883.

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<strong>Abstract</strong>: Based on morphological and previously published molecular evidence, herein we describe two new&nbsp;species of <em>Pristimantis</em> from the Andes of northern Peru; <em>Pristimantis</em><strong> sp. nov.</strong> 1 from Ca&ntilde;aris in the northern&nbsp;region of the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes, at an elevation of 3200 m.a.s.l., Lambayeque Department,&nbsp;northwestern Peru, and <em>Pristimantis</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong> 2 from the Huarmicocha to Cochabamba trail in the northern region&nbsp;of the Cordillera Central, at an elevation of 3376 m.a.s.l., A
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32

Reyes-Puig, Juan Pablo, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz, Zane Libke, Patricio Vinueza, and Julio C. Carrión-Olmedo. "Phylogenetic diversity of the Pristimantis anaiae species group, with a description of a new species of Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Tungurahua, Ecuador." Evolutionary Systematics 8, no. 1 (2024): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.118855.

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Continuous field work on mountains in the upper Pastaza watershed, showed an unexpected cryptic diversity in the recently described Pristimantis anaiae species group. Based on molecular and morphological characters we describe a new frog species from the central region of the eastern Ecuadorian Andes. We present an updated phylogeny for the Pristimantis anaiae species group, based on widely used, ubiquitous, and available genes, three mitochondrial genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, ND1) and RAG1 nuclear gene. Our phylogenetic hypothesis increases genetic diversity of the species group and shows two w
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33

Reyes-Puig, Juan Pablo, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz, Zane Libke, Patricio Vinueza, and Julio C. Carrión-Olmedo. "Phylogenetic diversity of the Pristimantis anaiae species group, with a description of a new species of Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Tungurahua, Ecuador." Evolutionary Systematics 8 (May 28, 2024): 101–18. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.118855.

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Continuous field work on mountains in the upper Pastaza watershed, showed an unexpected cryptic diversity in the recently described <i>Pristimantis anaiae</i> species group. Based on molecular and morphological characters we describe a new frog species from the central region of the eastern Ecuadorian Andes. We present an updated phylogeny for the <i>Pristimantis anaiae</i> species group, based on widely used, ubiquitous, and available genes, three mitochondrial genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, ND1) and RAG1 nuclear gene. Our phylogenetic hypothesis increases genetic diversity of the species group a
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34

ARTEAGA-NAVARRO, ALEJANDRO F., and JUAN M. GUAYASAMIN. "A new frog of the genus Pristimantis (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the high Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, discovered using morphological and molecular data." Zootaxa 2876, no. 1 (2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2876.1.2.

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We describe a new small sized (SVL in females ≤ 25.7 mm; in males, ≤ 20.1 mm) Pristimantis, associated with bamboodominated forests in the Reserva Mazar, Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, at elevations between 2876–2989 m. This species is assigned to the P. orestes group, from whose members it differs by the absence of tubercles on heel and outer edge of tarsus, lacking a discoidal fold, presence of slightly expanded finger and toe pads, and bright yellow blotches on groin, axilla and anterior surfaces of thigh. The advertisement call of the new species consists of a series of short, indistinctly
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35

VENEGAS, PABLO J., and WILLIAM E. DUELLMAN. "Two syntopic new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Strabomantidae) from northwestern Peru." Zootaxa 3249, no. 1 (2012): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3249.1.5.

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Two new species of Pristimantis (Anura: Strabomantidae), tentatively assigned to the P. orestes Group, are described fromhumid puna (3596 m) of Cañaris, Provincia de Ferreñafe, Región Lambayeque on the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oc-cidental in northwestern Peru. Pristimantis mariaelenae sp. n. is a medium-sized species characterized by the dorsumvarying from brown to reddish ochre, groin and posterior surface of the thigh with white blotches, pearly white venter withbrown blotches, distinct tympanic annulus and membrane, and tubercles on the eyelid, heel, and outer edge of the tarsus.Pri
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36

Reyes-Puig, Carolina, and Emilio Mancero. "Beyond the species name: an analysis of publication trends and biases in taxonomic descriptions of rainfrogs (Amphibia, Strabomantidae, Pristimantis)." ZooKeys 1134 (December 7, 2022): 73–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.91348.

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The rainfrogs of the genus Pristimantis are one of the most diverse groups of vertebrates, with outstanding reproductive modes and strategies driving their success in colonizing new habitats. The rate of Pristimantis species discovered annually has increased continuously during the last 50 years, establishing the remarkable diversity found in this genus. In this paper the specifics of publications describing new species in the group are examined, including authorship, author gender, year, language, journal, scientific collections, and other details. Detailed information on the descriptions of
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37

Reyes-Puig, Carolina, and Emilio Mancero. "Beyond the species name: an analysis of publication trends and biases in taxonomic descriptions of rainfrogs (Amphibia, Strabomantidae, Pristimantis)." ZooKeys 1134 (December 7, 2022): 73–100. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1134.91348.

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The rainfrogs of the genus Pristimantis are one of the most diverse groups of vertebrates, with outstanding reproductive modes and strategies driving their success in colonizing new habitats. The rate of Pristimantis species discovered annually has increased continuously during the last 50 years, establishing the remarkable diversity found in this genus. In this paper the specifics of publications describing new species in the group are examined, including authorship, author gender, year, language, journal, scientific collections, and other details. Detailed information on the descriptions of
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38

GUAYASAMIN, JUAN M., and ALEJANDRO F. ARTEAGA. "A new species of the Pristimantis orestes group (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from the high Andes of Ecuador, Reserva Mazar." Zootaxa 3616, no. 4 (2013): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.3.

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We describe a new Pristimantis from La Libertad and Rumiloma, Reserva Mazar, Andes of Southeastern Ecuador, at elevations between 2895–3415 m. This species is assigned to the P. orestes group, from whose members it differs by its small body size (adult males ≤ 18.1 mm; adult females ≤ 23.7 mm), usually reticulated ventral pattern, and visible tympanum. The vocalization of the new species consists of a series of calls; each call is composed by a pulsed, non-modulated note in frequency, and with a dominant frequency of 3122–3171 Hz. A molecular phylogeny based on a fragment of the mitochondrial
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39

Rivera-Correa, Mauricio, Carlos Jiménez-Rivillas, and Juan M. Daza. "Phylogenetic analysis of the Neotropical Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae): molecular approach and description of a new polymorphic species." Zootaxa 4242, no. 2 (2017): 313–43. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.6.

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Rivera-Correa, Mauricio, Jiménez-Rivillas, Carlos, Daza, Juan M. (2017): Phylogenetic analysis of the Neotropical Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Anura: Craugastoridae): molecular approach and description of a new polymorphic species. Zootaxa 4242 (2): 313-343, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.6
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40

Venegas, Pablo J., and William E. Duellman. "Two syntopic new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Strabomantidae) from northwestern Peru." Zootaxa 3249 (December 31, 2012): 47–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.280558.

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Venegas, Pablo J., Duellman, William E. (2012): Two syntopic new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Strabomantidae) from northwestern Peru. Zootaxa 3249: 47-59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280558
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ARROYO, SANDY B. "New frog (Brachycephalidae: Eleutherodactylus) from the Western Flank of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia." Zootaxa 1389, no. 1 (2007): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1389.1.5.

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A new Eleutherodactylus species is described from the western flanks of the Cordillera Oriental in the Departamento de Santander. It is a member of the Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus phenetic group. It appears to be most closely relate to E. carranguerorum.
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ARROYO, SANDY B. "New frog (Brachycephalidae: Eleutherodactylus) from the Western Flank of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia." Zootaxa 1389, no. 1 (2007): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1389.5.

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A new Eleutherodactylus species is described from the western flanks of the Cordillera Oriental in the Departamento de Santander. It is a member of the Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus phenetic group. It appears to be most closely relate to E. carranguerorum.
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43

Köhler, Jörn, Frank Glaw, César Aguilar-Puntriano, et al. "Similar looking sisters: A new sibling species in the Pristimantis danae group from the southwestern Amazon basin (Anura, Strabomantidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 100, no. 2 (2024): 565–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.119143.

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We describe a new frog species that is the sibling of Pristimantis reichlei. These two sister species inhabit the Amazonian lowlands and adjacent foothills of the Andes, from central Bolivia to central Peru. Pristimantis reichlei occurs from central Bolivia to southern Peru (Alto Purús National Park), while the new species occurs from northern Bolivia (Departamento Pando) to Panguana in central Peru (Departamento Huánuco), at elevations between 220 and 470 m a.s.l. In spite of their morphological crypsis, these siblings occur in syntopy without evidence of interbreeding (in the Alto Purús area
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44

GONZÁLEZ-DURÁN, GUSTAVO A., MARIANE TARGINO, MARCO RADA, and TARAN GRANT. "Phylogenetic relationships and morphology of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephaloidea), with the recognition of a new species group in Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870." Zootaxa 4243, no. 1 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4243.1.2.

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We evaluate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group and describe its external morphology, osteology, and some myological characteristics. We also compare the P. leptolophus species group to other related species groups. The P. leptolophus group is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of P. acatallelus, formerly believed to be part of the P. devillei group. The revised P. leptolophus group is composed of nine named species and six unnamed species. Based on our results, we recognize a new species group, the P. boulengeri species group, composed
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45

Lehr, Edgar, and Gunther Köhler. "A new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru." Zootaxa 1621 (December 31, 2007): 45–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.179186.

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Lehr, Edgar, Köhler, Gunther (2007): A new species of the Pristimantis orestes Group (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in northern Peru. Zootaxa 1621: 45-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.179186
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46

Castillo-Urbina, Ernesto, Miguel Vences, César Aguilar-Puntriano, Frank Glaw, and Jörn Köhler. "Contributing to the taxonomic inventory of green-colored rain frogs: A new species of the Pristimantis lacrimosus group (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the southern Cordillera Azul, central Peru." Vertebrate Zoology 73 (November 14, 2023): 1047–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e109309.

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Abstract We studied the taxonomic status of a population of Pristimantis from the southern Cordillera Azul, Departamento Huánuco, central Peru. A phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene revealed that it represents a lineage within the Pristimantis lacrimosus species group, being the closest relative of a species of uncertain taxonomic status from a lowland rainforest in central Peru (Panguana), and P. pulchridormientes from the Tingo Maria National Park. However, the focal lineage is divergent from all nominal species in the P. lacrimosus group for which respective data
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47

Székely, Paul, Diana Székely, Leonardo Ordóñez-Delgado, Diego Armijos-Ojeda, and Judit Vörös. "Our unknown neighbor: A new species of rain frog of the genus Pristimantis (Amphibia: Anura: Strabomantidae) from the city of Loja, southern Ecuador." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (2021): e0258454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258454.

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We describe a new species of rain frog of the genus Pristimantis from the city of Loja, Southern Ecuador, based on an integrative taxonomy approach, combining molecular, morphological and bioacoustics data. Pristimantis lojanus sp. nov. is a medium sized species of the phylogenetically strongly supported P. phoxocephalus group, and its sister species is P. torresi. The new species can be easily distinguished from its closest congeners and morphologically similar species (that also have acuminate snout with a fleshy keel) by its characteristic advertisement call and morphological features (dors
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48

RIVERA-CORREA, MAURICIO, and JUAN M. DAZA. "Out of the blue: A new rain frog species of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from the northern Cordillera Central in Colombia." Zootaxa 4838, no. 1 (2020): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4838.1.4.

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Continuous sampling in well studied areas may lead to new amphibian species discoveries, because population dynamics allow rare species to go unnoticed for years. Based on recent sampling of frogs in the northeastern region of Colombia, here we provide genetic, morphological, and bioacoustics evidence to support the description of a new species of the genus Pristimantis. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the new species is a member of the P. lacrimosus species group, a clade of 25 species that is highly diverse in Ecuador and Peru. This new species is more closely related to allopatric species fr
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49

Köhler, Jörn, Frank Glaw, César Aguilar-Puntriano, et al. "Similar looking sisters: A new sibling species in the Pristimantis danae group from the southwestern Amazon basin (Anura, Strabomantidae)." Zoosystematics and Evolution 100, no. (2) (2024): 565–82. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.119143.

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We describe a new frog species that is the sibling of <i>Pristimantis reichlei</i>. These two sister species inhabit the Amazonian lowlands and adjacent foothills of the Andes, from central Bolivia to central Peru. <i>Pristimantis reichlei</i> occurs from central Bolivia to southern Peru (Alto Purús National Park), while the new species occurs from northern Bolivia (Departamento Pando) to Panguana in central Peru (Departamento Huánuco), at elevations between 220 and 470 m a.s.l. In spite of their morphological crypsis, these siblings occur in syntopy without evidence of interbreeding (in the A
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50

Páez, Nadia B., and Santiago R. Ron. "Systematics of Huicundomantis, a new subgenus of Pristimantis (Anura, Strabomantidae) with extraordinary cryptic diversity and eleven new species." ZooKeys 868 (August 1, 2019): 1–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.868.26766.

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Pristimantis is the most diverse genus of tetrapods comprising 532 described species. It contains a large number of morphologically cryptic species that are being discovered with the assistance of genetic evidence. We use molecular, morphological, bioacoustic, and environmental data to assess the phylogenetic relationships and determine the species within an Andean clade of Pristimantis, which is distributed from central Ecuador to northern Peru. We assign to this clade the name Huicundomantis and propose it as a subgenus. Our results show that Huicundomantis is composed of two large clades wh
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