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Journal articles on the topic 'Privacy Calculus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Hoffmann, Christian Pieter, Miriam Meckel, and Lea Sophie Aeschlimann. "Privacy Calculus Revisited." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 15902. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.15902abstract.

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2

Lee, Yu-Hao, and Chien Wen Yuan. "The Privacy Calculus of “Friending” Across Multiple Social Media Platforms." Social Media + Society 6, no. 2 (April 2020): 205630512092847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120928478.

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Relationship building through social network sites (SNSs) requires privacy disclosure that involves a calculus of potential benefits against privacy risks. Tie formation (e.g., friending, following, or connecting) on SNSs is one of the most significant forms of privacy disclosure that not only communicate one’s willingness to disclose but can also reveal past activity history and invite future interactions. Based on the communication privacy management theory, the current study examines how users consider the privacy calculus and tie-formation affordances of the SNSs to manage ties across multiple SNSs. Using an online survey of 630 Facebook and/or Instagram users, the study revealed that individuals with higher privacy concerns strategically manage their privacy by connecting with different relationship ties through different SNSs as a way to construct sociotechnical boundaries between networks. The findings have implications for understanding privacy management online and provide a potential explanation for the privacy paradox.

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3

Meier, Yannic, Johanna Schäwel, and Nicole C. Krämer. "Between protection and disclosure: applying the privacy calculus to investigate the intended use of privacy-protecting tools and self-disclosure on different websites." Studies in Communication and Media 10, no. 3 (2021): 283–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2021-3-283.

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Using privacy-protecting tools and reducing self-disclosure can decrease the likelihood of experiencing privacy violations. Whereas previous studies found people’s online self-disclosure being the result of privacy risk and benefit perceptions, the present study extended this so-called privacy calculus approach by additionally focusing on privacy protection by means of a tool. Furthermore, it is important to understand contextual differences in privacy behaviors as well as characteristics of privacy-protecting tools that may affect usage intention. Results of an online experiment (N = 511) supported the basic notion of the privacy calculus and revealed that perceived privacy risks were strongly related to participants’ desired privacy protection which, in turn, was positively related to the willingness to use a privacy-protecting tool. Self-disclosure was found to be context dependent, whereas privacy protection was not. Moreover, participants would rather forgo using a tool that records their data, although this was described to enhance privacy protection.

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4

Trepte, Sabine, Leonard Reinecke, Nicole B. Ellison, Oliver Quiring, Mike Z. Yao, and Marc Ziegele. "A Cross-Cultural Perspective on the Privacy Calculus." Social Media + Society 3, no. 1 (January 2017): 205630511668803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305116688035.

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The “privacy calculus” approach to studying online privacy implies that willingness to engage in disclosures on social network sites (SNSs) depends on evaluation of the resulting risks and benefits. In this article, we propose that cultural factors influence the perception of privacy risks and social gratifications. Based on survey data collected from participants from five countries (Germany [ n = 740], the Netherlands [ n = 89], the United Kingdom [ n = 67], the United States [ n = 489], and China [ n = 165]), we successfully replicated the privacy calculus. Furthermore, we found that culture plays an important role: As expected, people from cultures ranking high in individualism found it less important to generate social gratifications on SNSs as compared to people from collectivist-oriented countries. However, the latter placed greater emphasis on privacy risks—presumably to safeguard the collective. Furthermore, we identified uncertainty avoidance to be a cultural dimension crucially influencing the perception of SNS risks and benefits. As expected, people from cultures ranking high in uncertainty avoidance found privacy risks to be more important when making privacy-related disclosure decisions. At the same time, these participants ascribed lower importance to social gratifications—possibly because social encounters are perceived to be less controllable in the social media environment.

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5

JAKŠIĆ, SVETLANA, JOVANKA PANTOVIĆ, and SILVIA GHILEZAN. "Linked data privacy." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 27, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096012951500002x.

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Web of Linked Data introduces common format and principles for publishing and linking data on the Web. Such a network of linked data is publicly available and easily consumable. This paper introduces a calculus for modelling networks of linked data with encoded privacy preferences.In that calculus, a network is a parallel composition of users, where each user is named and consists of data, representing the user's profile, and a process. Data is a parallel composition of triples with names (resources) as components. Associated with each name and each triple of names are their privacy protection policies, that are represented by queries. A data triple is accessible to a user if the user's data satisfies the query assigned to that triple.The main contribution of this model lies in the type system which together with the introduced query order ensures that static type-checking prevents privacy violations. We say that a network is well behaved if —access to a triple is more restrictive than access to its components and less restrictive than access to the user name it is enclosed with,—each user can completely access their own profile,—each user can update or partly delete profiles that they own (can access the whole profiles), and—each user can update the privacy preference policy of data of another profile that they own or write data to another profile only if the newly obtained profile stays fully accessible to their owner.We prove that any well-typed network is well behaved.

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6

Fife, Elizabeth, and Juan Orjuela. "The Privacy Calculus: Mobile Apps and User Perceptions of Privacy and Security." International Journal of Engineering Business Management 4 (January 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51645.

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7

Ding, Jingquan, Xiao Li, Yunchuan Guo, Lihua Yin, and Huibing Zhang. "Process Calculus for Modeling and Quantifying Location Privacy." Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.01.257.

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8

Trepte, Sabine, Michael Scharkow, and Tobias Dienlin. "The privacy calculus contextualized: The influence of affordances." Computers in Human Behavior 104 (March 2020): 106115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.022.

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9

Zhu, Mengxi, Chuanhui Wu, Shijing Huang, Kai Zheng, Sean D. Young, Xianglin Yan, and Qinjian Yuan. "Privacy paradox in mHealth applications: An integrated elaboration likelihood model incorporating privacy calculus and privacy fatigue." Telematics and Informatics 61 (August 2021): 101601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2021.101601.

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10

Bélanger, France, Robert E. Crossler, and John Correia. "Privacy Maintenance in Self-Digitization." ACM SIGMIS Database: the DATABASE for Advances in Information Systems 52, no. 2 (April 26, 2021): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3462766.3462769.

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Individuals are increasingly using personal Internet of Things (IoT) devices that digitize their day-to-day lives. Those devices, however, often require substantial personal information to generate their intended benefits. For example, fitness technologies collect health, sleep, personal, and a vast array of other information ubiquitously, creating possible privacy issues for the users when fitness technology platform providers store or share their information, whether users know this or not. To explore the role of privacy perceptions in the context of continued use of fitness technologies, this study collected data from 212 fitness tracker users. We find empirical support for the importance of privacy perceptions in a user's intention to continue to use their fitness tracker. More specifically, consistent with privacy calculus research, privacy concern is negatively related to willingness to disclose information while perceived benefit is positively related to it. As an extension to calculus variables, users' expectations towards the data sharing practices of organizations also influences their willingness to disclose information. Importantly, willingness to disclose information has a direct effect on continued use intentions but also moderates the relationship between perceived benefit and users' intentions to continue using a fitness tracker. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice.

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11

Shiri, Fereshteh, Hamid Reza Peikar, and Narges Zamani. "The Relationship Between Patients’ Perceived Health Status and Trust Propensity and Privacy Calculus." Journal of Research & Health 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jrh.11.4.1745.1.

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Background: Patients need peace of mind to disclose their information to medical staff and with the lack of trust or in specific health status, they may avoid providing sensitive information for their care or might change the information. This research was done to examine the impact of perceived health status and trust propensity on privacy calculus. Methods: In this analytical research three questionnaires, namely Trust Propensity, Health Status (Goldberg and Hiller), and Privacy Calculus were used. The statistical population consisted of the patients of one of the Ahvaz hospitals. Following sample size determination using the Morgan table, 379 usable questionnaires were collected non-randomly. The majority of respondents were younger than 30 and male. After face, content, and construct validities, the reliability was examined through Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability and the hypotheses were examined by partial least square method, using SmartPLS. Results: Patients’ privacy calculus was associated with trust propensity and perceived health status (P<0.05), while trust propensity had no correlation with perceived advantages and disadvantages of privacy disclosure. The relationship between perceived health status and advantages and disadvantages of information disclosure was positively significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: In order to improve patients’ provision of rich information to medical staff, their trust propensity should be improved.

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12

Wang, Le, Hai-Hua Hu, Jie Yan, and Maggie Qiuzhu Mei. "Privacy calculus or heuristic cues? The dual process of privacy decision making on Chinese social media." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 33, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 353–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-05-2019-0121.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the antecedents of self-disclosure intention on mobile social applications. This study integrates privacy calculus model and elaboration likelihood theory to reconcile the rational and heuristic views of privacy decision making. Design/methodology/approach Using a “random dialing” sampling method, an empirical survey with 913 respondents was conducted. A series of regression models were employed to test the proposed relationships. Robust checks with sub-group analysis were conducted. Findings Self-disclosure intention develops along a dual route including the central route and the peripheral route. When the central route predominates, social media users form their attitudes toward self-disclosure based on a rational calculus of the privacy concern and perceived rewards. When the peripheral route predominates, users perform a more heuristic evaluation of relevant informational cues (information about privacy harms, the extent of information asymmetry between users and operators) and contextual cues (flow experience, privacy disclosure of friends). Peripheral cues moderate the relationships between central cues and self-disclosure intention. Originality/value This paper extends the Elaboration Likelihood Model by investigating the interaction between the central route and peripheral route. The results provide alternative explanations on the renowned “privacy paradox” phenomenon.

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13

YIN, Lihua, Ran LI, Jingquan DING, Xiao LI, Yunchuan GUO, Huibing ZHANG, and Ang LI. "δ-calculus: A New Approach to Quantifying Location Privacy☆." Computers, Materials & Continua 63, no. 3 (2020): 1323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2020.09667.

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14

Dinev, Tamara, and Paul Hart. "An Extended Privacy Calculus Model for E-Commerce Transactions." Information Systems Research 17, no. 1 (March 2006): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/isre.1060.0080.

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15

Plangger, Kirk, and Matteo Montecchi. "Thinking Beyond Privacy Calculus: Investigating Reactions to Customer Surveillance." Journal of Interactive Marketing 50 (May 2020): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2019.10.004.

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16

Kordzadeh, Nima, John Warren, and Ali Seifi. "Antecedents of privacy calculus components in virtual health communities." International Journal of Information Management 36, no. 5 (October 2016): 724–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.04.015.

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17

Gómez-Barroso, José-Luis, Claudio Feijóo, and Inmaculada J. Martínez-Martínez. "Privacy calculus: Factors that influence the perception of benefit." El Profesional de la Información 27, no. 2 (April 4, 2018): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.mar.12.

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18

Ma, Xiaofen, Yuren Qin, Zhuo Chen, and Hichang Cho. "Perceived ephemerality, privacy calculus, and the privacy settings of an ephemeral social media site." Computers in Human Behavior 124 (November 2021): 106928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.106928.

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19

Guo, Junpeng, Nana Li, Yi Wu, and Tingru Cui. "Examining help requests on social networking sites: Integrating privacy perception and privacy calculus perspectives." Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 39 (January 2020): 100828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100828.

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20

Bile Hassan, Ismail, Masrah Azrifah Azmi Murad, Ibrahim El-Shekeil, and Jigang Liu. "Extending the UTAUT2 Model with a Privacy Calculus Model to Enhance the Adoption of a Health Information Application in Malaysia." Informatics 9, no. 2 (March 28, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics9020031.

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This study validates and extends the latest unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) with the privacy calculus model. To evaluate the adoption of healthcare and e-government applications, researchers have recommended—in previous literature—the application of technology adoption models with privacy, trust, and security-related constructs. However, the current UTAUT2 model lacks privacy, trust, and security-related constructs. Therefore, the proposed UTAUT2 with the privacy calculus model is incorporated into four constructs: privacy concern, perceived risk, trust in the smart national identity card (SNIC), and perceived credibility. Results from a survey data of 720 respondents show that habit, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, and price value are direct determinants that influence behavioral intentions to use. Results also revealed that behavioral intentions, facilitating conditions, habits, perceived risks, and privacy concerns are direct predictors of ‘use behavior’. The authors also analyzed the interrelationships among the research constructs. The extended model may lead toward establishing better innovative e-health services to cover the desires of the citizens through the use of health information applications embedded in an all-in-one card.

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21

Tang, Jie, Bin Zhang, and Shuochen Xiao. "Examining the Intention of Authorization via Apps: Personality Traits and Expanded Privacy Calculus Perspectives." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 7 (June 29, 2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12070218.

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By integrating the extended privacy calculus theory with the Big Five personality theory, this research proposes and validates a conceptual model in the context of mobile application (App) information authorization. It investigates the implications of each component of privacy costs, privacy advantages, and trust on users’ willingness to authorize their information, and explores how the five personality traits affect App users’ perceived benefits, privacy concern, and trust. Simultaneously, the links between prior negative experience and privacy concern as well as the final authorizing willingness were uncovered. We employed a questionnaire to collect 455 users’ data, and the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings demonstrate that App users’ perceived benefits and trust have a positive impact on their privacy authorization intention, whereas privacy concerns negatively affect their disclosure willingness. Just as Extraversion and Agreeableness would make someone pay a heightened attention to the benefits, agreeable, neurotic, and conscientious users are more easily stimulated by privacy concern. Respectively, Agreeableness and Neuroticism affect users’ trust positively and negatively. Additionally, prior negative experience will trigger an individual’s privacy concern, which in turn hinders their willingness to authorize his/her information. All of the aforementioned can serve as a guide for App providers as they optimize the features of their products and services, implement the necessary privacy protections to alleviate users’ privacy concern, and boost users’ trust belief. More importantly, these results effectively demonstrate the significance of personal traits in the formation of users’ privacy perceptions.

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22

Di Tizio, Giorgio, and Fabio Massacci. "A Calculus of Tracking: Theory and Practice." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2021, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2021-0027.

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Abstract Online tracking techniques, the interactions among trackers, and the economic and social impact of these procedures in the advertising ecosystem have received increasing attention in the last years. This work proposes a novel formal model that describes the foundations on which the visible process of data sharing behaves in terms of the network configurations of the Internet (included CDNs, shared cookies, etc.). From our model, we define relations that can be used to evaluate the impact of different privacy mitigations and determine if websites should comply with privacy regulations. We show that the calculus, based on a fragment of intuitionistic logic, is tractable and constructive: any formal derivation in the model corresponds to an actual tracking practice that can be implemented given the current configuration of the Internet. We apply our model on a dataset obtained from OpenWPM to evaluate the effectiveness of tracking mitigations up to Alexa Top 100.

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23

Maqsood, Madiha, and Ayesha Ashfaq. "THE AUDIENCE IS THE KEY, DATA IS NOT: ANALYZING USERS’ CONCERNS AND EXPERTS’ REFLECTIONS REGARDING PRIVACY POLICIES OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 01 (March 31, 2022): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i1.675.

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The constantly evolving world and the advent of social media gave birth to excessive digitalized human interaction enhancing connectivity among users. These new modes of interaction added to the excitement of sharing, but at the same time it has placed some concerns about the excessive sharing of personal information on digital platforms. The boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age. Pakistan is a country with an enormously growing number of internet users, from diverse socio-cultural backgrounds and the platforms are used for distinctive reasons, resulting in millions of posts every minute of the day. A qualitative approach of in-depth interviews was used for the study. Considering the qualitative nature of the study interviews was conducted based on the semi- structured questionnaire. The sample using a purposive sampling technique included users for the sake of highlighting the privacy concerns and experts like media academics, psychologists, lawyers, representatives from the cyber-crime wing of FIA, and the country representatives of social media platforms for understanding the approaches to bridge the gaps regarding those concerns. Social media representatives ensured users' sense of security as a priority of social platforms. Users' inferences and privacy awareness were also gauged which showed concerns about the layout of privacy policies. The privacy calculus approach helped understand the user’s psyche of disclosure while having privacy concerns. Keywords: Social Media, Privacy concerns, Self Disclosure, Privacy Calculus, Privacy policies, Awareness.

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24

Chen, Hsuan-Ting. "Revisiting the Privacy Paradox on Social Media With an Extended Privacy Calculus Model: The Effect of Privacy Concerns, Privacy Self-Efficacy, and Social Capital on Privacy Management." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 10 (August 11, 2018): 1392–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218792691.

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This study builds on the privacy calculus model to revisit the privacy paradox on social media. A two-wave panel data set from Hong Kong and a cross-sectional data set from the United States are used. This study extends the model by incorporating privacy self-efficacy as another privacy-related factor in addition to privacy concerns (i.e., costs) and examines how these factors interact with social capital (i.e., the expected benefit) in influencing different privacy management strategies, including limiting profile visibility, self-disclosure, and friending. This study proposed and found a two-step privacy management strategy in which privacy concerns and privacy self-efficacy prompt users to limit their profile visibility, which in turn enhances their self-disclosing and friending behaviors in both Hong Kong and the United States. Results from the moderated mediation analyses further demonstrate that social capital strengthens the positive–direct effect of privacy self-efficacy on self-disclosure in both places, and it can mitigate the direct effect of privacy concerns on restricting self-disclosure in Hong Kong (the conditional direct effects). Social capital also enhances the indirect effect of privacy self-efficacy on both self-disclosure and friending through limiting profile visibility in Hong Kong (the conditional indirect effects). Implications of the findings are discussed.

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25

Jozani, Mohsen, Emmanuel Ayaburi, Myung Ko, and Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. "Privacy concerns and benefits of engagement with social media-enabled apps: A privacy calculus perspective." Computers in Human Behavior 107 (June 2020): 106260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106260.

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26

Sun, Yongqiang, Nan Wang, and Xiao-Liang Shen. "Calculus interdependency, personality contingency, and causal asymmetry: Toward a configurational privacy calculus model of information disclosure." Information & Management 58, no. 8 (December 2021): 103556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2021.103556.

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27

Thompson, Nik, Atif Ahmad, and Sean Maynard. "Do privacy concerns determine online information disclosure? The case of internet addiction." Information & Computer Security 29, no. 3 (April 5, 2021): 558–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-11-2020-0190.

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Purpose It is a widely held belief that users make a rational cost-benefit decision when choosing whether to disclose information online. Yet, in the privacy context, the evidence is far from conclusive suggesting that strong and as-yet unmeasured influences on behaviour may exist. This paper aims to demonstrate one such link – the effect of internet addiction on information disclosure. Design/methodology/approach Data from 216 Web users was collected regarding their perceptions on privacy and information disclosure intentions as well as avoidance behaviour, an element of internet addiction. Using a research model based on the Privacy Calculus theory, structural equation modelling was applied to quantify the determinants of online disclosure under various conditions. Findings The authors show that not all aspects of privacy (a multi-dimensional construct) influence information disclosure. While concerns about data collection influence self-disclosure behaviour, the level of awareness about privacy does not. They next examine the impact of internet addiction on these relationships, finding that internet addiction weakens the influence of privacy concerns to the point of non-significance. Originality/value The authors highlight some of the influences of self-disclosure behaviour, showing that some but not all aspects of privacy are influential. They also demonstrate that there are powerful influences on user behaviour that have not been accounted for in prior work; internet addiction is one of these factors. This provides some of the first evidence of the potentially deleterious effect of internet addiction on the privacy calculus.

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28

More, Sara Miner, and Pavel Naumov. "Calculus of cooperation and game-based reasoning about protocol privacy." ACM Transactions on Computational Logic 13, no. 3 (August 2012): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2287718.2287722.

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29

Morosan, Cristian, and Agnes DeFranco. "Disclosing personal information via hotel apps: A privacy calculus perspective." International Journal of Hospitality Management 47 (May 2015): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.03.008.

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30

Lutz, Christoph, Christian Pieter Hoffmann, and Giulia Ranzini. "Data capitalism and the user: An exploration of privacy cynicism in Germany." New Media & Society 22, no. 7 (July 2020): 1168–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444820912544.

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Ever since empirical studies found only a weak, if any, relationship between privacy concerns and privacy behavior, scholars have struggled to explain the so-called privacy paradox. Today, a number of theoretical arguments illuminate users’ privacy rationales, including the privacy calculus, privacy literacy, and contextual differentiations. A recent approach focuses on user resignation, apathy, or fatigue. In this piece, we concentrate on privacy cynicism, an attitude of uncertainty, powerlessness, mistrust, and resignation toward data handling by online services that renders privacy protection subjectively futile. We discuss privacy cynicism in the context of data capitalism, as a coping mechanism to address the tension between digital inclusion and a desire for privacy. Moreover, we introduce a measure for privacy cynicism and investigate the phenomenon based on a large-scale survey in Germany. The analysis highlights the multidimensionality of the construct, differentiating its relationships with privacy concerns, threat experience, Internet skills, and protection behavior.

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31

Princi, Evgenia, and Nicole C. Krämer. "Acceptance of Smart Electronic Monitoring at Work as a Result of a Privacy Calculus Decision." Informatics 6, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics6030040.

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Smart technology in the area of the Internet of Things (IoT) that extensively gathers user data in order to provide full functioning has become ubiquitous in our everyday life. At the workplace, individual’s privacy is especially threatened by the deployment of smart monitoring technology due to unbalanced power relations. In this work we argue that employees’ acceptance of smart monitoring systems can be predicted based on privacy calculus considerations and trust. Therefore, in an online experiment (N = 661) we examined employees’ acceptance of a smart emergency detection system, depending on the rescue value of the system and whether the system’s tracking is privacy-invading or privacy-preserving. We hypothesized that trust in the employer, perceived benefits and risks serve as predictors of system acceptance. Moreover, the moderating effect of privacy concerns is analyzed.

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32

Yisa, Victor, Reza Ghaiumy Anaraky, Bart P. Knijnenburg, and Rita Orji. "Investigating Privacy Decision-Making Processes Among Nigerian Men and Women." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2023, no. 1 (January 2023): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.56553/popets-2023-0018.

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The privacy calculus framework and trust heuristics has been used to understand people’s privacy decision-making processes. However, most existing studies are mainly focused on people from developed countries. In this study, we use the privacy calculus in combination with trust heuristics to analyse how people from a developing African nation make decisions. Specifically, we conduct a web-based experiment in which 232 participants from Nigeria used a financial planning prototype app to respond to a number of disclosure questions. We examined how their perceived benefit, perceived sensitivity, and trust in the app influenced their disclosure decisions. In addition, we investigated possible moderating effects of gender and used Partial Least Squares path modelling to analyze our data. Our results show that perceived sensitivity (risks) and perceived benefits influenced the decision-making process of our participants. In addition, women were more likely to change their perception of sensitivity and benefits based on trust, while men were more likely to disclose information based on their perception of benefits. We also found that women were less likely to disclose their information to the app than men. Based on our findings, we make recommendations for educators, financial institutions, designers, and policymakers that aim to raise privacy awareness and design interventions in Nigeria and Africa at large.

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33

Cha, Hoon S., Jong Hyun Wi, Chanhi Park, and Taeha Kim. "Sustainability Calculus in Adopting Smart Speakers—Personalized Services and Privacy Risks." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020602.

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Despite the benefits of using smart speakers, serious privacy concerns have been raised, particularly due to their constantly listening microphones. Given the mixture of the advantages and risks deciding whether to use them is not an easy matter, casting a doubt about sustainable growth and development of smart speakers. Using a sample of 559 users in South Korea and the U.S., we empirically investigated the dilemma of users seeking to adopt smart speakers. The results revealed users’ perceived usefulness and enjoyment positively influenced the intention to adopt smart speakers. No direct effect of perceived ease of use was found but this effect was completely mediated by perceived usefulness and enjoyment. Perceived enjoyment was found to be twice as strong as perceived usefulness in determining the usage intention, confirming the hedonic aspect of smart speakers. Conversely, perceived privacy risks were shown to be a significant negative factor. This negative impact was significantly stronger in the U.S. than in South Korea. We could infer that the more mature the stage of acceptance of smart speakers, the greater the sensitivity of users to privacy risks. Lastly, in the South Korean sample, we found that the perceived usefulness could reduce the negative impact of perceived risks on the intention. to adopt smart speakers.

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34

Cha, Hoon S., Jong Hyun Wi, Chanhi Park, and Taeha Kim. "Sustainability Calculus in Adopting Smart Speakers—Personalized Services and Privacy Risks." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020602.

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Despite the benefits of using smart speakers, serious privacy concerns have been raised, particularly due to their constantly listening microphones. Given the mixture of the advantages and risks deciding whether to use them is not an easy matter, casting a doubt about sustainable growth and development of smart speakers. Using a sample of 559 users in South Korea and the U.S., we empirically investigated the dilemma of users seeking to adopt smart speakers. The results revealed users’ perceived usefulness and enjoyment positively influenced the intention to adopt smart speakers. No direct effect of perceived ease of use was found but this effect was completely mediated by perceived usefulness and enjoyment. Perceived enjoyment was found to be twice as strong as perceived usefulness in determining the usage intention, confirming the hedonic aspect of smart speakers. Conversely, perceived privacy risks were shown to be a significant negative factor. This negative impact was significantly stronger in the U.S. than in South Korea. We could infer that the more mature the stage of acceptance of smart speakers, the greater the sensitivity of users to privacy risks. Lastly, in the South Korean sample, we found that the perceived usefulness could reduce the negative impact of perceived risks on the intention. to adopt smart speakers.

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Sigmund, Tomáš. "Attention Paid to Privacy Policy Statements." Information 12, no. 4 (March 29, 2021): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12040144.

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The article deals with the topic of attention paid to online privacy policy statements by university students. Privacy policy statements were originally intended to mitigate the users’ privacy con-cerns and support trust, but users disregard them. The article uses the theory of planned behav-iour combined with privacy calculus to find and verify determinants of reading privacy policy statements. We used the survey method and evaluated the results with partial least square struc-tural equation modelling. We concluded that the attitude towards reading privacy policy state-ments is influenced by privacy risks and privacy benefits. The intention to read privacy policy statements is influenced by social norms, understanding the privacy policy and mainly by the willingness to spend time and effort reading the statements. The effect of attitude was also signif-icant, but its size was smaller. Finally, wider conclusions are drawn, as the confusion around pri-vacy policy statements is a symptom of a wider social change in the information society.

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Nguyen, Trang. "Continuance Intention in Traffic-Related Social Media: A Privacy Calculus Perspective." Journal of Internet Commerce 20, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 215–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2021.1875764.

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Keith, Mark, Jeffry Babb, Christopher Furner, Amjad Abdullat, and Paul Lowry. "Limited Information and Quick Decisions: Consumer Privacy Calculus for Mobile Applications." AIS Transactions on Human-Computer Interaction 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 88–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1thci.00081.

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Sandhu, Ramandeep Kaur, João Vasconcelos-Gomes, Manoj A. Thomas, and Tiago Oliveira. "Unfolding the popularity of video conferencing apps – A privacy calculus perspective." International Journal of Information Management 68 (February 2023): 102569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102569.

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Kim, Jinsung, and Jongki Kim. "A Study on the Internet User's Economic Behavior of Provision of Personal Information: Focused on the Privacy Calculus, CPM Theory." Journal of Information Systems 26, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 93–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5859/kais.2017.26.1.93.

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Choi, Ben, Yi Wu, Jie Yu, and Leslie Land. "Love at First Sight: The Interplay Between Privacy Dispositions and Privacy Calculus in Online Social Connectivity Management." Journal of the Association for Information Systems 19, no. 3 (March 2018): 124–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00487.

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Kehr, Flavius, Tobias Kowatsch, Daniel Wentzel, and Elgar Fleisch. "Blissfully ignorant: the effects of general privacy concerns, general institutional trust, and affect in the privacy calculus." Information Systems Journal 25, no. 6 (March 18, 2015): 607–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/isj.12062.

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Shu, Sheng, and Yi Liu. "Looking Back to Move Forward: A Bibliometric Analysis of Consumer Privacy Research." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 4 (January 14, 2021): 727–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16040042.

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Information privacy has attracted considerable attention in the information system research field. However, little effort has been made to review its latest developments from a marketing perspective. As research on consumer privacy advances rapidly, a comprehensive evaluation of the field is required. In this paper, two bibliographic databases retrieved from Web of Science were used to perform a series of bibliometric analyses consisting of co-citation analysis, co-occurring keyword analysis, and structural variation analysis. To facilitate these analyses, we use the software CiteSpace. Our results present the existing literature’s publication performance, thematic concentration, intellectual turning points and influential studies, and identify emerging trends in the literature. We found that a number of landmark studies has greatly affected the development of the consumer privacy research. Most importantly, this study proposes a research agenda for the field. Recent emerging topics focusing on privacy calculus, privacy ethic, privacy enhancing technologies, privacy-related coping strategies, and new contemporary privacy contexts should be further discussed in the future research.

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Zhu, Xiaogang, Qianqian Cao, and Chunnian Liu. "Mechanism of Platform Interaction on Social Media Users’ Intention to Disclose Privacy: A Case Study of Tiktok APP." Information 13, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13100461.

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Interaction is the main feature of social media, while in recent years, frequent privacy disclosure events of the social media user affect users’ privacy disclosure behavior. In this paper, we explore the mechanism of interaction characteristics by social media apps on users’ privacy disclosure behavior. Using SOR theoretical models and the privacy calculus theory, the effects of privacy disclosures on TikTok are examined. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data from 326 questionnaires. We concluded that human–computer interaction (perceived personalization, perceived control) and interpersonal interaction (perceived similarity) positively and negatively affected perceived benefits and perceived risks, respectively, and had positive effects on intention to disclose privacy through perceived benefits and perceived risks, respectively, except that perceived personalization had no effect on perceived risk and intention to disclose privacy. In addition, perceived benefits and perceived risks played an intermediary role in interactivity and privacy disclosure intention. Finally, we provided countermeasures and suggestions for social media operators and policy makers.

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Li, Pengxiang, Hichang Cho, and Zhang Hao Goh. "Unpacking the process of privacy management and self-disclosure from the perspectives of regulatory focus and privacy calculus." Telematics and Informatics 41 (August 2019): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2019.04.006.

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Bavendiek, Kai, and Sibylle Schupp. "A process calculus for privacy-preserving protocols in location-based service systems." Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming 125 (February 2022): 100735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2021.100735.

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Kim, Dongyeon, Kyuhong Park, Yongjin Park, and Jae-Hyeon Ahn. "Willingness to provide personal information: Perspective of privacy calculus in IoT services." Computers in Human Behavior 92 (March 2019): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.11.022.

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Wang, Tien, Trong Danh Duong, and Charlie C. Chen. "Intention to disclose personal information via mobile applications: A privacy calculus perspective." International Journal of Information Management 36, no. 4 (August 2016): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.003.

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Kim, Jong-Ki, and Sang-Hee Kim. "Intention to Disclose Personal Information in LBS : Based on Privacy Calculus Perspective." Journal of Information Systems 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2012): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5859/kais.2012.21.4.55.

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XU, HENG, CHENG ZHANG, PAN SHI, and PEIJIAN SONG. "EXPLORING THE ROLE OF OVERT VS. COVERT PERSONALIZATION STRATEGY IN PRIVACY CALCULUS." Academy of Management Proceedings 2009, no. 1 (August 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2009.44249857.

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Abbas, Hasan. "Religion and Spirituality as Determinants of Privacy and Benefits to Use Mobile Applications." International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcbpl.2021040103.

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The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of spirituality and religious values on the intention to use mobile apps. The study proposed an extension to privacy calculus theory to identify the effectiveness of religion and spirituality on the intention to use mobile apps. A self-administered questionnaire was created to collect data. Sample size is 1,031 Kuwait communication market mobile users. Structural equation modeling technique is used to measure the fitness of the research model. The results show that religion and spirituality significantly affect privacy and benefits. However, results also show that privacy has no effect on the intention to use mobile apps, but benefits do have a significant effect.

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