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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Private limited company

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Academic literature on the topic 'Private limited company'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Private limited company"

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Wooldridge, Frank. "The German Private Company Limited Partnership." European Business Law Review 17, Issue 6 (December 1, 2006): 1559–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2006119.

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Vačoková, Lenka. "Limited Liability Companies in the Slovak and European Legal Context." Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia 11, no. 40 (December 1, 2018): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0020.

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Abstract This paper analyses provisions of a Limited Liability Company under the Slovak Commercial Code, mainly conditions governing the process of foundation and incorporation of the company and the structure of company bodies. Legal provisions of the Limited Liability Company are primarily compared with Private Limited Company by Shares established according the Companies Act 2006 and secondarily with proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on single-member Private Limited Liability Companies. The result of the research is a comparison of the Slovak and the British legislation and an effort to predict the future development of Private Limited Liability Companies in the European area.

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Teoh, Kok Ban, Miguel Cordova, Tin Phang Ooi, Maryam Tayyiba, Uma Warrier, Siti Fatini Binti Azahar, Pei Fen Khow, et al. "Factors Affecting the Revenue of MTE Mechanical Private Limited Company." Journal of The Community Development in Asia 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/jcda.v4i1.1001.

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MTE Mechanical Private Limited Company is a manufacturing company located at Batu Maung, Malaysia producing fabricated metal products. During 2020, the company’s revenue has significantly decreased compared to the previous year. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors which affect the revenue of the company. Online interviews were used to collect information from the company’s owner and three of their customers. The present study found that the delivery service and product’s quality of the company are the major issues having effects upon the company’s revenue. Moreover, the findings of the present study would benefit the company.

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Dunn, Edwina. "Single Member Private Limited Companies: 12th Company Law Directive." European Business Law Review 1, Issue 1 (January 1, 1990): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr1990004.

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Teoh, Kok Ban, Miguel Cordova, Yi Hong Ng, Gim Seng Lee, Jin Feng Choy, Daisy Mui Hung Kee, Ruen Chye Ng, et al. "Factors Affecting Job Stress Among Employees in Bin Chen Parts Private Limited Company." Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education 4, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/apjme.v4i1.1051.

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There is a high level of stress faced by employees of Bin Chen Parts Private Limited Company. The research was conducted to examine the factors causing job stress in workplace. There are 36 respondents from Bin Chen Parts Private Limited Company collected in the present research by using quantitative measurements. Google form was selected to use in this research. The collected data from the research were adopted to verify the hypotheses of the research. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between job demands and job stress. Conversely, the relationship between job resources and job stress is relatively negative. The results of the research will be finalized precisely and sent to Bin Chen Parts Private Limited Company to enhance the work-life in the company. The employers of the company are able to aware of the factors affecting job stress among employees in their company.

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Schmidt, Jessica. "The New Unternehmergesellschaft (Entrepreneurial Company) and the Limited – A Comparison." German Law Journal 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 1093–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s207183220000033x.

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One of the probably most groundbreaking – and at the same time also most contentious – issues of the German reform of private limited companies by the Gesetz zur Modernisierung des GmbH-Rechts und zur Bekämpfung von Missbräuchen (MoMiG – Law for the Modernization of the Private Limited Companies Act and to Combat its Abuse) is the introduction of the Unternehmergesellschaft (UG – Entrepreneurial Company). This new sub-type of the Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH – Private Limited Company) is specifically designed for entrepreneurs and has already unofficially been dubbed the “Mini-GmbH” and “GmbH light”. It can be seen as the centerpiece of the legislator's overall aim to facilitate and accelerate the formation of companies and the underlying motive of increasing the international competitiveness of the German GmbH.

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Srinuan, Chalita. "Private costs of delayed privatization of TOT Public Company Limited." info 13, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14636691111101892.

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Díaz Gómez, María Angustias. "La empresa familiar y su organización en forma de sociedad mercantil, con especial referencia a la sociedad de responsabilidad limitada." Pecvnia : Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Universidad de León, no. 12 (June 1, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pec.v0i12.615.

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En este trabajo, tras unas consideraciones generales sobre la Empresa Familiar, analizamos, en primer lugar, los tipos sociales mercantiles que puede adoptar en España la Sociedad Familiar, haciendo un repaso de las formas sociales típicas reconocidas por el legislador, reflexionando sobre sus ventajas e inconvenientes. En segundo lugar, nos centramos en el estudio del régimen jurídico de las dos Sociedades Capitalistas más representativas, la Sociedad Anónima y la Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada, analizando sus rasgos comunes, todo ello con el fin de dilucidar cuál se adapta mejor a las particularidades de la Sociedad Familiar. En tercer lugar, considerando que la Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada es la forma jurídica de creación de Sociedades Familiares más utilizada, se le dedica especial atención, destacando las divergencias fundamentales de regulación entre esta sociedad y la Sociedad Anónima. Asimismo se estudia la Sociedad Limitada Nueva Empresa, como subtipo de la Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada. Como conclusión, se trata de arrojar luz sobre la elección preferente de la Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada como forma jurídica de constitución de la Sociedad Familiar y, al mismo tiempo, de examinar, desde una perspectiva crítica, la normativa que le resulta aplicable.<br /><br />In this work, after a few general considerations on the Family enterprise, we analyze, first, the types of mercantile companies that the Familiar Company can adopt in Spain, doing a revision of the social typical forms recognized by the legislator, thinking about his advantages and disadvantages. Secondly, we centre on the study of the juridical regime of both most representative Capitalist Companies, the public limited liability company and the Private limited company, analyzing his common features, all this in order to explain which one adapts better to the particularities of the Familiar Company. Thirdly, considering that the Private limited company is the juridical form of creation of Familiar Companies most used, one dedicates special attention, emphasizing the fundamental differences of regulation between this company and the public limited liability company. Likewise we study the Limited Company New Company, as subtype of the Private limited company. As conclusion, it is a question of clarifying the preferential choice of the Private limited company as juridical form of constitution of the Familiar Company and, at the same time, to examine, from a critical perspective, the regulation that him is applicable.<br />

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Rasyidi, Achmad Fikri. "Private Limited Company in Indonesian Positive Law: Elaborating The Basic Concept of Corporate Law, Comparison to Other Countries and Its Development." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 22, no. 4 (December 16, 2022): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2022.v22.465-482.

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The concept of a private limited company was first introduced in the Job Creation Law which is different from the concept of a company in the previous regulation. It is important to dig deeper into the concept of a private limited company: is it possible for a company legal entity to only have a single shareholder or it must be established by a minimum of 2 (two) persons as shareholders? Therefore, this paper applied the normative juridical method, which is believed to be able to answer the aforementioned problem. This paper reviewed the concept of a private limited company juxtaposed with the concept of a company that was in effect before the Job Creation Act and elaborated on the development of company regulations in Indonesian Law. In conclusion, it is found that the basic concept of a private limited company (as a legal entity) can be established by 1 (one) person, as the founder and sole shareholder, that is, as long as the establishment of the company is authorized by the state. Furthermore, the development of company legal arrangements in Indonesian law shows that the law must be responsive to the development of society. This is evident from several changes in the regulation of company law in Indonesia to accommodate the needs of economic development in society.

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Lukashov, Rostyslav. "Limited liability company as a private legal entity: selected legal issues." Aktual’ni problemi pravoznavstva 1, no. 4 (2019): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/app2019.04.187.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Private limited company"

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Pfister, Ralph. "Die englische Gesellschaftform der Limited." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12168184.

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Wilms, Tobias. "Die englische Ltd. in deutscher Insolvenz : nach Centros, Überseering und Inspire Art /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014952715&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Schmidbauer, Katja. "Die rechtlichen Verhältnisse der englischen Private Company Limited by Shares." Hamburg Diplomica Verlag, 2008. http://www.wiso-net.de/r%5Febook/webcgi?START=A60&DOKV%5FDB=DIPL,ADIP&DOKV%5FNO=9783836617857106&DOKV%5FHS=0&PP=1.

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Hillebrenner, Torsten. "Limited als Alternative zur GmbH /." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015519961&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Müller, Hilmar. "Gläubigerschutz bei der limited company mit Verwaltungssitz in Deutschland." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/997250739/04.

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Richardsen, Sven. "Die Anteile an private limited companies in deutschen Nachlässen /." Köln ; München : Heymanns, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017007471&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Talling, Peter. "Minimum Share Capital : Its Functions for Swedish Private Limited Liability Companies." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Rättsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15914.

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This thesis aims to investigate the effects of the Swedish minimum capital requirement in relation to the Swedish private limited liability companies. The issue of whether there should be a requirement for minimum share capital has been debated in Sweden and the rest of the European Union. Sweden and other continental European countries have a tradition of providing a minimum share capital requirement in order to provide creditor protection. Countries that administer an Anglo-Saxon tradition such as England and the United States do not express the same belief in the minimum share capital’s function as creditor protection and has therefore abolished these requirements. The European Union’s Second Company Law Directive provides a minimum share capital of EUR 25,000 for companies similar to the Swedish public limited liability company. The companies comparable to the Swedish private limited liability companies is thus regulated under the law of the Member States themselves. In Sweden the frequently used arguments for abolishing the minimum share capital requirement are the rule’s dysfunction as creditor protection, the fact that the minimum share capital does not consider the specific capital demand of the company and the potential obstacle effect on entrepreneurship. The author agrees with these arguments but emphasises the minimum share capital’s function as an “entrance fee” to the private limited liability company form as an argument why the requirement should maintain in Swedish company law. The rules in ABL regarding protection of restricted equity could be replaced by a solvency-sufficiency test similar to the provision in § 6.40 MBCA. The minimum share capital’s obstacle effect on entrepreneurship could be reduced by introducing a beneficial loan with low interest rate provided by the state or the municipalities.

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Rummel, Alexander von. "Institutioneller Gläubigerschutz im Recht der kleinen Kapitalgesellschaft : die englische private company limited by shares vor dem Hintergrund der deutschen GmbH /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988307693/04.

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Haug, Felix. "Ex-post-Gläubigerschutz in der private company limited by shares eine Untersuchung des englischen Haftungs-, Anfechtungs- und Disqualifikationsregimes unter Berücksichtigung des companies act 2006." Jena JWV, Jenaer Wiss. Verl.-Ges, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992520711/04.

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Zessel, Marco. "Durchgriffshaftung gegenüber einer in Deutschland ansässigen Limited?" Baden-Baden Nomos, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986402087/04.

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Books on the topic "Private limited company"

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Rüdiger, Volhard, and Stengel Arndt 1963-, eds. German limited liability company. Chichester: Wiley, 1997.

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Ward, J. Marc. Limited liability company guide. Chicago, IL: CCH Inc., 1995.

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Clarke, Jane. Becoming a limited company. Dublin: Combat Poverty Agency, 1996.

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1944-, Whynott Philip P., ed. The limited liability company. 2nd ed. Costa Mesa, CA: James Pub. Co., 1994.

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Nicholas, Montague, ed. Running a limited company. 7th ed. Bristol: Jordans, 2011.

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Nicholas, Montague, ed. Running a limited company. 4th ed. Bristol: Jordans, 2001.

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Nicholas, Montague, ed. Running a limited company. Bristol: Jordan & Sons, 1990.

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Nicholas, Montague, ed. Running a limited company. 2nd ed. Bristol: Jordans, 1994.

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Act, American Bar Association Working Group on the Prototype Limited Liability Company. Prototype limited liability company act. [Chicago, Ill.] (750 N. Lake Shore Dr., Chicago 60611): ABA, 1993.

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1955-, Weiner Samuel, and Taback Ivan, eds. Starting a limited liability company. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Private limited company"

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Baker, Scott, and Kimberly D. Krawiec. "The Economics of Limited Liability: an Empirical Study of New York Law Firms." In Private Company Law Reform, 235–96. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-477-6_11.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Die Wiedereintragung einer erloschenen Limited." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 177–217. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_6.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Zwischenergebnis zum Status einer erloschenen Limited." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 175–76. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_5.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Die in England erloschene Limited im deutschen Recht." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 51–85. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_2.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Die kollisionsrechtliche Behandlung einer in England erloschenen Limited." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 87–119. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_3.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Die Behandlung der Rest-Limited im deutschen Sachrecht." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 121–74. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_4.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Exkurs: Rest-Limited mit Vermögenswerten in mehreren Staaten." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 225–26. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_8.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Grundlagen." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 3–49. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_1.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Materiellrechtliche Auswirkungen der Wiedereintragung." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 219–24. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_7.

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Dehmel, Alexander. "Zusammenfassung der wesentlichen Ergebnisse." In Registerlöschung und Wiedereintragung einer englischen Private Company Limited by Shares mit deutschem Verwaltungssitz, 227–29. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15278-9_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Private limited company"

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Kolchina, Galina Sergeevna. "Participatory share inheritance of a private limited company." In VIII International applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-111902.

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Prilandita, Niken, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arsanti, and Jeeten Kumar. "The Stakeholders’ Role in Sustaining Renewable Energy Systems in Sumba Island." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mete7276.

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Sumba Iconic Island is a collective program established by the national government through the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) with various governmental and international institutions such as the National Electricity Company (PLN), Hivos, Norwegian Embassy in Jakarta, Asian Development Bank, and all level of local government from provincial, regency, municipality, district, and village level. This paper focuses on using qualitative data gained through interviews with stakeholders to find out the various operation and maintenance models of renewable energy power plants that are currently in practice in Sumba Island. This study shows that currently there are four models of operation and maintenance for systems throughout numerous villages in Sumba. The first one describes O&M being handled by trained locals, second one is handled by the village cooperative (Koperasi), the third one is collaboration between PLN and local government units or private sector, and the last one is collaboration with the private sector and village-own company (BUMDes). The first one mentioned is the weakest one, and faced many constraints such as lack of technical skill and the local peoples’ limited understanding. The other three models succeeded, to a certain extent, in sustaining the renewable energy system in the particular village

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Teo, Poh-Chuin, Jia Ran, Theresa C. F. Ho, Choo Ling Suan, and Zaiful Hasmi Mohd Hashim. "Action Research Approach: Improving the Effectiveness of Decision Making on Controlling Employee Turnover Rate in a Small Private Steel Casting Company under Capacity Limited Environment." In 2021 Third International Sustainability and Resilience Conference: Climate Change. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf53624.2021.9668017.

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Amaranath, Bharath Kumar, Tiju Zachariah, Chris Hendy, Zhao Lei, and Zhao Shikang. "Design Consideration Including Construction Stage Analysis for the Cable Stayed Bridge (FB01-Marina Bridge) in Port City Colombo Project, Sri Lanka." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.2024.

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<p>Port City Colombo developed by CHEC Port City Colombo (Pvt) Ltd through China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC) is a pristine city development in Colombo, Sri Lanka, spanning 269 hectares. Port City Colombo, built as an extension of Sri Lanka’s vibrant capital city Colombo, once completed, would be South Asia’s premiere residential, retail and business destination.</p><p>Atkins, a member of the SNC Lavalin Group, was appointed by CHEC Port City Colombo (Private) Limited to provide Consultancy Services for the design of all Infrastructure and Landscape works, public realm and associated infrastructure in Colombo Port City. This paper discusses the design criteria of the marina cable stayed foot bridge (FB01) in depth including the construction stage and service stage analysis and design checks.</p>

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Iabbassen, Nabila, Osama Al Shekaili, and Muna Salman Al Marzouqi. "Companies’ Group Drilling Operations Centralized Lessons Learned Process and Platform." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211766-ms.

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Abstract In the year 2030, global energy demand will be almost 35% higher than it was in 2010, led by a power-hungry world population of almost 8 billion. This looming energy crisis must be tackled by forming stronger inter- and intra-company collaborations, to maximize their exploration and production. Knowledge sharing is essential in every sector of all societies; employed as the primary tool for achieving progress. It is the necessary key to making these stronger partnerships, providing networking communities in which to share information for the good of the organization. There are many ways in which an organization can use knowledge sharing as an effective tool for gaining success, such as: websites and forums; peer-reviewed journals; conferences; and educational programs. Benefits of knowledge sharing include but not limited to: enhanced learning opportunities and intellectual stimulation for employees; increased company efficiency; advances in R&D and in particular with forums, the creation of a searchable archive of previously answered questions for future use. Should all organizations decide to adopt these cost-effective techniques, they would not only increase their capital but also help to solve the global energy crisis with more effective R&D in exploration and production. Organizations that enable their employees to access and interact with their company's knowledge base are more likely to succeed than those whose individuals have limited sharing opportunities. Knowledge can be shared on three different levels: Intra-organizational: This refers to small-scale inside a company. Large organizations operating worldwide require an internal communication and flow of information among the different departments. There is no doubt that those organizations that are closer to enabling their staff to work on the basis of what the organization knows instead of one of the basis of what the individual knows have considerably higher earning power.Inter-organizational: This applies to joint ventures and partnerships between different private companies, or together with government agencies or national companies. This category further includes industry-university partnerships for specific projects. Due to competitiveness the companies involved do not like to be fully open with their ideas, so we rarely see a win-win situation.Global: Knowledge is shared on a global scale, using methods such as publications, forums, conferences, recent webinars and also distance learning. It is the basis of scientific diffusion of knowledge. All educational programs of petroleum engineering related societies that we know should be mentioned as an example for global knowledge sharing. The centralized lessons learned platform in this paper falls under the Intra-organizational category as it represents a tool to collect all group companies’ lessons learned and share the governance documents among them. The knowledge sharing platform allows knowledge seekers to easily find and re-use information rather than recreate it. Before this platform has been introduced, each product line or functional group in the operating company organizes its information from its internal viewpoint rather than from a broader viewpoint. And only selected few topics are shared among the group in a bi-annual knowledge sharing forum. The use of a broader viewpoint would, however, encourage content sharing beyond the product line or group. To be successful the digital world must eventually merge these independent hierarchies toward a common centralized platform among the group companies. This paper details the development of a group company-wide Knowledge management tool: the lessons learned platform.

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Spera, Giovanna Vittoria. "Tres escalas de intervención para el mejoramiento de hábitat y entorno en la región de Antioquia." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Facultad de Arquitectura. Universidad de la República, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6138.

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Este artículo presenta las reflexiones acerca del trabajo realizado por la Empresa de Vivienda de Antioquia VIVA, en pro de la construcción de mejores hábitats para las comunidades de la región, con una metodología que articula diferentes escalas de trabajo, desde la planeación del territorio municipal hasta la intervención puntual con mejoras del espacio público. Aunque la misión institucional de VIVA es la de reducir el déficit de vivienda popular cuantitativo y cualitativo hasta eliminarlo, hemos entendido que una buena solución de vivienda incluye el espacio público, las áreas comunitarias y la relación con el resto de ciudad. En el artículo se explican y correlacionan los Planes Municipales Integrales (PMI), los Mejoramientos Municipales de Entorno (MME) y los Mejoramientos de Entorno (ME) asociados a los proyectos de vivienda y a los proyectos de equipamientos que lidera VIVA al interior de la Gobernación de Antioquia. This article presents considerations about the work carried out by the Public Housing Company of Antioquia –VIVA- towards the improvement of living conditions and habitats of different communities. These interventions were made with a multi scale methodology which covers, from large urban scale territory planning exercises, to specific or local scale public-space projects. Although the institutional mission of VIVA is to reduce the quantitative and qualitative deficit of popular housing in Antioquia until it is overcome; we have understood that a good house design is not limited to the private inside of the constructions, but extends to the common spaces between them and its relationship with the rest of the city. This article explains and describes the relationship between the Municipal Integral Projects (PMI), the Municipal Improvement Projects (MME), and the Surrounding Improvement Projects (ME).

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Huge, Elijah. "Proof (Saving the City)." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.41.

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In 1752, the year Benjamin Franklin is credited with the invention of the lightning rod, he also established the first American fire insurance company. The coincidence of these innovations prefigures the parallel development and interwoven relationships between invention, building insurance, and legislation that underlie the production of architecture today. Industrialization brought new threats to the city (e.g. electricity, speed, explosives) while also dramatically increasing the scale of historical perils (e.g. flood, fire, theft). In turn, these threats gave rise to a field of new products, accessory to conventional building. In their early forms, the automatic sprinkler, exterior fire escape, panic bar, emergency light, and theft alarm were, like Franklin’s lightning rod, ready for production and deployment on a large scale, without definitive spatial identity, and suitable for use in new or existing construction. Negotiating the thresholds between the developing infrastructures of the city and its private spaces (as insured and legally defined), these devices may be understood collectively as a crumple zone intended not to prevent architectural emergency but to absorb, limit, and contain its effects.

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de Resende Neves, Francisa Joana, and Ana Lídia Virtudes. "GIS model for management of expansion areas: the case of Belmonte." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7536.

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Um dos mais importantes desempenhos dos Municípios em Portugal passa, em grande escala, pela gestão territorial, tarefa que tem vindo a enfrentar alguns obstáculos quanto à sua eficácia. Estes obstáculos têm relevância acrescida devido a lacunas na gestão de áreas de expansão urbana, tradicionalmente dispersas que correspondem aos espaços contíguos às zonas urbanas consolidadas,historicamente compactas para onde estas se poderão expandir. Ora, é precisamente nas áreas de expansão urbana, caracterizadas pelas baixas densidades, quer populacional quer habitacional, onde freqüentemente permanecem atividades de cariz dominante não urbano, de índole agrícola, que são entendidas como locais de reserva para o crescimento urbano futuro, que se registra uma maior dinâmica nas alterações de ocupação e utilização do território, em resultado da forte iniciativa privada. Esta iniciativa é freqüentemente morosa na sua execução e ineficaz quanto à continuidade com a envolvente, devido à deficiente informação disponibilizada pelo Município quanto às regras urbanísticas vigentes, ou devido ao deficiente entendimento dessas mesmas regras por parte dos agentes privados. Conseqüentemente, poder-se-á referir que a inexistência de um modelo de gestão territorial, organizado e simples que possa disponibilizar de forma eficaz a informação quanto às regras de ocupação e utilização do solo vigente, quer na óptica dos munícipes na sua iniciativa privada de intervir no território, quer na óptica do Município na sua tarefa técnica de fazer cumprir essas mesmas regras, tem vindo a agravar esta problemática, designadamente, dificultando a monetarização do processo. Verifica-se, assim, a necessidade de evoluir no modo de disponibilizar ao cidadão toda a informação relativa às possibilidades de ocupação e utilização do solo, incluindo as faculdades de edificar e de urbanizar, como as condicionantes que limitam o direito de propriedade e o uso do solo, provenientes dos conteúdos conceptuais dos instrumentos de gestão territorial de âmbito municipal. Atualmente, os vários instrumentos utilizados na gestão do território, a nível municipal, têm vindo a ser acompanhados com alguns softwares em desenvolvimento, como os Sistemas de Informação Geográfica, capazes de expor com maior facilidade e eficácia uma quantidade cada vez maior e mais complexa de informação, num processo moroso. Com este tipo de aplicações é possível, por exemplo, sobrepor a um Ortofotomapa de uma determinada parcela do território, a informação proveniente do elemento chave da gestão territorial de âmbito municipal, o Plano Diretor Municipal, das suas cartas de condicionantes, mapas da rede hidrográfica entre outras. Este artigo apresenta um modelo de gestão territorial aplicado às áreas de expansão urbana do conselho de Belmonte, localizado no interior do país junto à fronteira com a Espanha, recorrendo a uma base dedados e aos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica. Este modelo pretende servir de apoio à iniciativa privada bem como ao Município ao qual competirá assegurar a sua monitorização. *** ENG: One of the most important jobs of the Municipal Town Hall (MTH) is, largely, to manage the territory, which is something which has its difficulties along the way. These obstacles are even more relevant considering there are gaps in the management of areas where there is urban expansion, traditionally scattered; diversec ty; which correspond to the spaces adjacent to the consolidated urban areas, historically compact city into which these will be able to expand. It is precisely in the areas of urbane expansion, characterized by low densities, both in terms of population and housing, where frequently activities of a non-urban nature, of agricultural nature for example, which are considered as areas of future urban growth, which register a greater dynamic in the alterations of occupation and utilization of the territory, as a result of a strong private initiative. This initiative is frequently slow in its execution and ineffective with regards to continuity with the surroundings, due to the defective available information by the Local authority (MTH) with regard to the town planning rules in force, or due to the defective understanding of the same rules on the part of the private agents. As a result, we could say that the inexistence of any kind of territorial management model, organised and simple, and which could efficiently provide information regarding the rules of occupation and utilization, whether it be in the sight of the municipality in its private enterprise in the territory, or whether it be in the sight of the municipality in its technical role to enforce the keeping of these same rules, has come to aggravate this very issue, namely, making more difficult the monitoring of the process. In this we can confirm the necessity to evolve in the manner of making available to the citizen all the town planning information relative the possibilities of occupation and utilization of the land, including the facilities to build and urbanize as well as the conditioning factors which limit and rights of the owner in the occupation and utilization of the land, originating from the conceptual contents of the instruments of territorial management of the municipality. At present, the various instruments used in the management of territory in Portugal, on a municipal level,have come to be accompanied by various software currently being developed, such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS), able to expose with greater ease and efficiency a growing quantity and greater complexity of information, in a slow process. With these types of applications it is possible, for example, to superimpose an Ortophotomap of a determined piece of the territory, the information originating from the key element of the territorial management of municipal extent, the Municipal Director Plan, of its letters of restrictions, maps of the hydrographical network amongst other such things. This article presents a model of territorial management applied to the areas of expansion of the district of Belmonte, located in the interior of the country close to the border with Spain, resorting to a data base and to the Geographical Information Systems. This model intends to serve as a support to the private enterprise as well as to the Local authority to which it will compete to secure its monitoring.

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Allo, Tolulope Abiola, Tayo Ola George, and Oluwatobi Dorcas Adelowo. "ELECTRONIC LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN AND THE CHALLENGE OF USAGE AMONG SELECTED UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN NIGERIA." In SOCIOINT 2022- 9th International Conference on Education and Education of Social Sciences. International Organization Center of Academic Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46529/socioint.202238.

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This paper examined the various electronic learning platforms adopted by students in both private and public Universities in Nigeria and the challenges associated with their usage during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in 2020. With the ripple effect of the coronavirus cutting across all countries and sectors, about 91% of the global student’s population was affected by this global health catastrophe. The objective of this study is to compare the experiences of private and public University students to determine whether there is a significant disparity in the accessibility, affordability, and ease of use of the various e-learning platforms that were adopted during the global pandemic lockdown. The study employed the survey method in eliciting useful information from undergraduate students at Covenant University, and the undergraduate students at the University of Lagos. The population of study consisted of 374 undergraduate students from both schools. Questionnaire was physically administered to students in Covenant University while a google form was created for students in the University of Lagos due to the inaccessibility of students whose lecturers are currently on an industrial action. Data was analyzed using descriptive techniques in frequencies, percentages, and linear regression analysis. Results from the study revealed that 68.1% of students in Covenant University utilized more e-learning platforms like Moodle, Coursera, Zoom and WebEx unlike their counterparts in the University of Lagos who used only Moodle and Zoom by 43.6%. Also, 87.5% of Covenant University undergraduate students made use of their laptops mostly for their e-learning classes while 56.4% of their counterparts in the University of Lagos mostly made use of their smartphones. Findings revealed that students from the public University faced major challenges such as unstable internet connectivity, limited financial capability in buying devices such as laptops, and lack of skill and competence in navigating the e-learning platforms while students in the private universities on the contrary had relatively stable internet connectivity, could afford laptops and smart devices and had the requisite skills to properly navigate their e-learning platforms. The study concludes by recommending the provision of substantial financing that will aid in the acquisition of relevant technology to promote and support e-learning in public Universities in Nigeria. It also suggested the inclusion of public University students in adequate training on how to navigate the e-learning platforms, thereby equipping them with the requisite skills needed in maximizing the benefits of e-learning. By so doing, the Nigerian educational system would be better prepared in facing future emergencies that may warrant remote learning. Keywords: E-learning platforms, COVID-19, Emergencies, Challenges

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Petrov, Miroslav P. "Analysis of High-Speed Electrical Generators for Utility Applications." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98152.

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High-speed alternators are believed to be well developed nowadays, following the improvement in performance and decrease of costs for electronic power converters and permanent magnet materials. Their compact design and their ability to vary the rotational speed in off-design conditions promise superior performance when compared to conventional generators. High-speed alternators are only available in limited sizes for small-scale applications, whereas improvements in efficiency and optimized part-load behavior are particularly important especially for small-scale electricity generation. Enhanced energy utilization for electricity production by small utility plants or by distributed units located at private homes or commercial buildings, based on thermodynamic cycles powered by natural gas or various renewable energy sources, is possible to be achieved through a wider application of grid-integrated high-speed technology. This study presents a critical review of previous research and demonstration work on high-speed electrical machines and a summary of the technical challenges limiting their performance and their expansion into larger sizes. Conclusions are drawn for finding appropriate solutions for practical high-speed electricity generation units and their readiness for a much wider deployment. Closer analysis is attempted on the thermal and mechanical integrity of high-speed alternators and the technical challenges that slow down their scale-up to MW-size units for utility applications. The necessary research and development work that needs to be done in the near future is outlined and discussed herein.

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