Academic literature on the topic 'Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)"

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THOMASON, JANE. "A cautious approach to privatization in Papua New Guinea." Health Policy and Planning 9, no. 1 (1994): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/9.1.41.

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Genton, Blaise, Robin F. Anders, Michael P. Alpers, and John C. Reeder. "The malaria vaccine development program in Papua New Guinea." Trends in Parasitology 19, no. 6 (June 2003): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4922(03)00111-9.

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Ormsby, Alison. "Evaluating a Teacher Training Environmental Education Program in Papua New Guinea." Applied Environmental Education & Communication 1, no. 2 (January 2002): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15330150213998.

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Fajardo, Diego, Don R. La Bonte, and Robert L. Jarret. "Genetic Diversity in Papua New Guinea Sweetpotato Germplasm." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 551C—551b. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.551c.

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The USDA gene bank currently maintains 668 accessions of cultivated sweetpotato and 219 accessions of related Ipomoea species. Information on the genetic diversity of the collection does not exist due to funding constraints. The development of a core collection would provide a subset of accessions that represent the genetic diversity of the main collection with a minimum of repetitiveness. The small size of the core collection would facilitate the evaluation of the accessions for economically important traits. The objective of this research is to develop a core collection of Papua New Guinea sweetpotato germplasm using the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) marker system. This approach to quantifying genetic diversity would later serve as a model for the development of a USDA sweetpotato germplasm core collection. The germplasm choosen for this study was collected from this crop's secondary center of genetic diversity based on its potential as a source of new traits. All genotypes were fingerprinted using four primer combinations that generated 224 markers. The molecular data was then analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.0 program to determine the relatedness of the genotypes. The molecular analysis showed a homogeneous genetic constitution. The extent of diversity among accessions was correlated with the geographic origin of the plant material.
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Hendri. "CARBON MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN PAPUA REGION." JURNAL KEHUTANAN PAPUASIA 1, no. 1 (November 3, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46703/jurnalpapuasia.vol1.iss1.23.

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Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest tropical rainforest area, especially in Papua Island together with Papua New Guinea accounted the third largest tropical rainforests in the world, after the Amazon (336.7 million ha) and Congo (181.3 million ha). The total tropical rainforest area is 68.7 million ha contained Papua about 57% (39.2 million ha) and 43% (29.5 million ha) Papua New Guinea. Unfortunately, deforestation rates in the few decades increased from 1.39 million ha in the period 1985 – 1997 and 0.6 million ha in the period 2000 – 2005. The direct impact of rapid LULUCF (Land Use, Land Use Change & Forestry) changes since 1980`s has accumulated critical land by 29.0% of forest area in West Papua and 31.4% of forest area in Papua. Climate change affected in Papua region due to rapid amount GHG`s emissions into the atmosphere by increasing average temperature about 0.7oC, minimum temperature (0.7oC) and maximum temperature (1.2oC) during period 1996 – 2005. Other effects of climate change the decreased rainfall up to 26% per month in the last decade, 50% reduced total agriculture productivity, expanded malaria diseases, and increased extreme condition such as drought with intensity of forest fire detected in Sorong due to inter-annual climate variability events, such as the El-Niño event and flood due to the La-Niña event. However, it is difficult task to build mitigation and adaptation planning in the region or local scale due to the lack information, the lack human resources, and local topography and phenomena. In that case, so far, no study has been conducted in Papua region to build mitigation and adaptation planning for carbon management. Therefore, this study tries to promote a carbon management program for help local government to solve forest environmental problems consideration of climate change.
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Fajardo, Diego, Don R. La Bonte, and Robert L. Jarret. "553 Genetic Diversity in Papua New Guinea Sweetpotato Germplasm." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 491B—491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.491b.

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The USDA gene bank currently maintains 668 accessions of cultivated sweetpotato and 219 accessions of related Ipomoea species. Information on the genetic diversity of the collection does not exist due to funding constraints. The development of a core collection would provide a subset of accessions that represent the genetic diversity of the main collection with a minimum of repetitiveness. The small size of the core collection would facilitate the evaluation of the accessions for economically important traits. The objective of this research is to develop a core collection of Papua New Guinea sweetpotato germplasm using the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) marker system. This approach to quantifying genetic diversity would later serve as a model for the development of a USDA sweetpotato germplasm core collection. The germplasm choosen for this study was collected from this crop's secondary center of genetic diversity based on its potential as a source of new traits. All genotypes were fingerprinted using four primer combinations that generated 224 markers. The molecular data was then analyzed using NTSYSpc 2.0 program to determine the relatedness of the genotypes. The molecular analysis showed a homogeneous genetic constitution. The extent of diversity among accessions was correlated with the geographic origin of the plant material.
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Wiesen, Eric, William Lagani, Gerard Sui, Johnnie Arava, Salim Reza, Sergey Diorditsa, and Yung-Ching Lin. "Assessment of the hepatitis B birth dose vaccination program, Papua New Guinea, 2014." Vaccine 34, no. 3 (January 2016): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.044.

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Ashwell, H. E. S., and L. Barclay. "A retrospective analysis of a community-based health program in Papua New Guinea." Health Promotion International 24, no. 2 (April 2, 2009): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dap009.

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Mitjà, Oriol, Raymond Paru, Russell Hays, Lysaght Griffin, Nedley Laban, Mellie Samson, and Quique Bassat. "The Impact of a Filariasis Control Program on Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea." PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 5, no. 8 (August 23, 2011): e1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001286.

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Jusi, Petri, Roy Mumu, Sirpa H. Jarvenpaa, Barnabas Neausemale, and Eduardo Sangrador. "Road Asset Management System Implementation in Pacific Region: Papua New Guinea." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-41.

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The road network of Papua New Guinea includes 8,258 km of national classified roads and another 19,937 km of lesser-trafficked but equally important provincial roads. The value of the national road network is more than 5 billion Kina (US$1 billion). Maintaining this significant asset places a great responsibility on the government and the Department of Works (DOW). Sadly, insufficient attention has been given to maintaining the road network. There is no doubt that poorly maintained roads have a significant adverse effect on national economic growth, with an adverse effect on gross domestic product. In a developing country such as Papua New Guinea, there is always a need to provide a basic level of access to all areas of the country to be able to provide basic services for all the population (access to markets, administrative, health, education). A poorly maintained road network limits access and deprives rural populations of basic services. Therefore, DOW, with funds and guidance provided by the Asian Development Bank, has, with the assistance of a Finnroad consultant, developed a road asset management system (RAMS). RAMS is a tool for storing and presenting road data information, planning short-and long-term road maintenance, creating budgets, and maximizing economic returns of investments made for the road network. The government of Papua New Guinea has also established requirements for institutional reform and strengthening under its public sector reform program. Furthermore, responding to community and other stakeholder pressure, the government has committed itself to launching a road sector reform program.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)"

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Rhee, Alisa Joy. "An agent-based approach to HIV/AIDS epidemic modeling : a case study of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34528.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-95).
Since AIDS was first discovered, mathematical models of the transmission dynamics of HIV have been developed to determine the drivers of the epidemic. It has become apparent that the most profound factor in the proliferation of this disease is the aggregate effects of individual behavior and perception of risk. Agent-based models (ABM) allow one to simulate the social and sexual interactions which may describe the societal context in which HIV may spread. Using this framework, I construct a simplified social and sexual network that represents Papua New Guinea. This country is used as a case study because it illustrates extremes in network topology. Papua New Guinea is characterized by geographic isolation of ethnic groups, such that ideas of behavior change, stigma reduction, and safe sex practices may spread very slowly. Furthermore, sexual networks in Papua New Guinea are complex and sexual violence and cultural practices may amplify the rate at which HIV is spread. Ultimately, the purpose of HIV transmission models is to hypothesize about drivers of the epidemic which will then shed light on appropriate interventions and prevention measures. ABMs facilitate the development of network-based public health interventions. Such interventions, like home-based care programs, may have great promise in Papua New Guinea.
by Alisa Joy Rhee.
S.M.
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Joshua, Isaac B. "The impact of an intervention program for the treatment of malaria in children in Papua New Guinea." Curtin University of Technology, School of Pharmacy, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13852.

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Malaria is more prevalent today and the death toll is on the increase annually. It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and most of these deaths are in the poorest regions of the world. About 500 million cases are reported annually with more than 2 million deaths, and most are children. It is the major killer in the tropics and a major public health problem in developing countries and Papua New Guinea (PNG) is no exception. Resistant strains have been reported. This may be enhanced by inappropriate human behaviour in the use of anti-malarial drugs. Human factors include inappropriate prescribing and patient behaviour in using anti-malarial drugs. Despite the establishment of the standard treatment guidelines for malaria in PNG, three out of every four patients have chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria and malaria remains a major health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an education program on patients carers' understanding and effective use of anti-malarial drugs for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children in general health clinics in PNG. The trial design involved a pre-post intervention study with a control group. The study was undertaken in the National Capital District. Papua New Guinea using one Clinic as the intervention site and another as the control site. The two clinics were similar in characteristics as confirmed in the study by demographic data where there were no significant differences observed. The data collection took placed over the period February to April 2002. It included observation of drug provision at study sites and interviews of patient carers on the first day at the clinic and a follow up seven days later. Three questionnaires were developed to evaluate the process and outcomes of malaria drug treatment in the above health facilities.
Prescribing data were collected from prescriptions and patient carers' interviewed prior to the intervention program. Following the provision of drug information to patient carers. similar drug information and compliance questioning was undertaken. Differences in the pre-post elements of the study and in the control group over the study period were evaluated using Chi-Squared, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher's Exact or Student's t-tests as appropriate. In excess of 100 patients in the pre- and in the post intervention phases were evaluated for their understanding and effective use of the anti-malarial drugs. In addition, 100 clients were in the control group at another clinic. Patients had attended the clinic up to 8 times in the previous year with a median of 2 visits. Amodiaquine, Fansidar, albendazole and paracetamol made up a total of 60% of the drugs prescribed. The use of medicines was strongly supported with 94.4% indicating no problems with the medication. Only 3% of patients received herbal or local remedies for malaria treatment. 1n patients 10 years or less or their carers, it was found, there was a significant improvement in the carers understanding of the medications. There was a statistically significant improvement in patient outcomes from 57.9% to 92.3% reported as cured following the intervention program. The study has also identified low levels of appropriate administration of antibiotic suspensions in children by patient carers.
For example, incorrect responses recorded for amoxycillin suspension were 80.8% (143). Septrim tablets 92% (23), Septrim suspension 86% (123), erythromycin suspension 100% (26), and chloramphenicol suspension 84.4% (38). In this study the face to face (one-to-one) education program was used to influence patient carers understanding and effective use of drugs. The intervention program involved advising, informing, encouraging, and counselling the patient carers verbally on the appropriate and effective use of medicines. The verbal message was reinforced by a suitable label typed in English and Pidgin-English where instructions were clear, simple and unambiguous. The label was then attached to the envelopes or containers containing the drugs. On feedback, the information on the understanding and effective use of drugs was re-emphasized to the carers to reinforce their understanding for future references. Results showed that the intervention program made an impact in improved patient carers understanding and effective use of drugs and children's health outcomes. In conclusion, it is evident that a patient intervention program designed to improve the dosages and frequency of administration of anti-malarial drugs in PNG had no statistically significant outcome. This may be because the current level of understanding was quite high (>70%) and the study experienced a ceiling effect. However, as shown in the results, the patient carers understanding on the appropriate and effective use of drugs was lower during the pre-intervention and control group.
When compared clinic-pre with clinic-post, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the cured group and the improved cure rate increases from 57.9% to 92.3%. When compared control pre with control post groups, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the cured group. Therefore, the study identified an improvement in patient outcomes with respect to malaria. Hence. the simple intervention program in influencing patient carers understanding of the appropriate and effective use of medications led to a marked improvement in patient outcomes.
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Books on the topic "Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)"

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Kantha, Michael. The Privatization Program and its impact on banking and finance in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, NCD, Papua New Guinea: Institute of National Affairs, 2001.

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Gupta, Desh. Privatisation in Papua New Guinea. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: National Research Institute, 1992.

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Guy, Richard. Evaluation of the Australia-Papua New Guinea Silver Jubilee Sports Program. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: National Research Institute, 2004.

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Aia, Paul. Country status report of National TB Program: Papua New Guinea, 1997-2005. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: National TB Program Unit, Disease Control Branch, National Dept. of Health, 2006.

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Aia, Paul. Country status report of National TB Program: Papua New Guinea, 1997-2005. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: National TB Program Unit, Disease Control Branch, National Dept. of Health, 2006.

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National Research Institute (Papua New Guinea), ed. The genesis of the Papua New Guinea land reform program: Selected papers from the 2005 National Land Summit. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: National Research Institute, 2010.

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National Research Institute (Papua New Guinea). 2008-2012 research program: Corporate plan : draft. Papua New Guinea]: [The National Research Institute], 2008.

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Miller, Kathryn Elizabeth. The fit between training and use in a vernacular literacy training program: An ethnographic study of four Papua New Guineans. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms, 1991.

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Maibani-Michie, Geraldine. Baseline research for Poro Sapot Project: A program for prevention of HIV/AIDS among MSM in Port Moresby and FSW in Goroka and Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Goroka, P.N.G.]: PNG-IMR, 2005.

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Colin, Hunt, and International Institute for Environment and Development., eds. Production, privatisation and preservation in Papua New Guinea forestry. London: IIED, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)"

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Curtin, Timothy. "Privatization Policy in Papua New Guinea." In Policy Making and Implementation: Studies from Papua New Guinea. ANU Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/pmi.09.2009.18.

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Binns, R. A. "Data Report: Spinifex-Textured Basalt Xenoliths at PACMANUS, Papua New Guinea." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 194 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.193.212.2004.

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Okena, Daniel Solomon, and Paul van Nimwegen. "A Model Tree Kangaroo Conservation Ranger Program in Papua New Guinea." In Tree Kangaroos, 165–76. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814675-0.00014-2.

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"Leg 180 Summary: Active Continental Extension in the Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program. Ocean Drilling Program, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.ir.180.101.2000.

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Binns, R. A., L. E. Dotter, and K. A. Blacklock. "Chemistry of Borehole Fluids Collected at PACMANUS, Papua New Guinea, ODP Leg 193." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 194 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.193.210.2004.

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Cook, A. C., and G. D. Karner. "Data report: Organic petrology of Leg 180 samples, western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 180 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.180.157.2002.

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Ferguson, Susan. "The Voter Education Program: Growing a Demand for Good Governance." In Election 2007: The Shift to Limited Preferential Voting in Papua New Guinea. ANU Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/e2007.09.2013.04.

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Monteleone, B. D., S. L. Baldwin, T. R. Ireland, and P. G. Fitzgerald. "Thermochronologic constraints for the tectonic evolution of the Moresby Seamount, Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 180 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.180.173.2001.

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Binns, R. A., F. J. A. S. Barriga, and D. J. Miller. "Leg 193 Synthesis: Anatomy of an Active Felsic-Hosted Hydrothermal System, Eastern Manus Basin, Papua New Guinea." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 194 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.193.201.2007.

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Ishikawa, N., and G. M. Frost. "Data report: Magnetic anisotropy of samples in a fault zone at ODP Site 1117 in the western Woodlark Basin (Papua New Guinea)." In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, 180 Scientific Results. Ocean Drilling Program, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.180.174.2001.

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Conference papers on the topic "Privatization Program (Papua New Guinea)"

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Christopherson, Karen R. "Magnetotellurics in Papua New Guinea." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1989. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1889606.

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Brede, E. C. "Interactive overthrust interpretation: Cape Vogel basin, Papua, New Guinea." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1987. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1891896.

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Kveton, Kevin, Hugo Garcia, Dave Lee, and Spencer Quam. "Iterative structural modelling and 2D seismic imaging in the Papua New Guinea Highlands." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1820521.

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Foster, M. S., S. J. Price, G. S. Hill, C. Duque, D. Ellis, and R. W. Stephenson. "A breakthrough in the quality of seismic data from the Fold Belt of Papua New Guinea." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1885577.

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Kumar, Nirven, and Cain Kapiri. "Developing a Fit for Risk Malaria Chemoprophylaxis Program for Non Immune Workers in Papua New Guinea." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199422-ms.

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Albrecht, Robert, Rhys-Sheffer Birthwright, John Calame, Justin Cloutier, and Michael Gragg. "Returning Pipelines to Service Following a Mw7.5 Earthquake: Papua New Guinea Experience." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9492.

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Abstract The Papua New Guinea Liquefied Natural Gas (PNG LNG) project is a joint venture with participation by ExxonMobil, Oil Search Limited (OSL), Kumul Petroleum, Santos, JX Nippon Oil and Gas Exploration and Mineral Resources Development Company, and began production in 2014. As described in a previous IPC paper, the project, operated by ExxonMobil PNG Limited (EMPNG) sustained a M7.5 earthquake and approximately 300 aftershocks in 2018, epicentered directly under key facilities. Around 150 km of high-pressure gas and condensate pipelines in the rugged PNG highlands were affected but did not lose containment or pressure. Immediately following the M7.5 event, EMPNG began efforts to assess and inspect the pipelines in order to ensure public safety, and, at the appropriate time, restore LNG production. The technical efforts took place along the pipeline Right of Way (ROW) in a remote jungle environment, which, following the earthquake, was also a disaster zone in which the few available resources were prioritized towards humanitarian relief. Due to resource constraints, the pipeline field inspection team typically numbered only two or three specialists. The inspection team drew heavily on analysis work, ongoing since project startup in 2014 and in progress when the earthquake occurred, that simulated the condition of the ROW and pipe stress state following earthquake events similar in magnitude to what actually occurred. The body of existing analysis work allowed the field team to compare aerially observed ROW ground movements to previously modeled cases, and rapidly infer pipe stress state without actually measuring pipe deformation on the ground. Due to resource constraints, that latter activity, if required before startup, would have significantly delayed project restart. The worldwide network of technical resources that had been assisting with ongoing simulations was quickly re-directed to analyzing actual observed ground deformations, efficiently supporting the small field team from outside the disaster zone. After restart, field inspection activities continued, observations were categorized, and an Earthquake Recovery (EQR) organization was initiated to execute ROW repairs. Just as the initial inspection work was aided by pre-earthquake analyses, EQR activities have been expedited by the extensive ROW maintenance program that had been ongoing prior to the earthquake. This paper and accompanying oral presentation present details of the inspection and recovery, and show that the extensive simulations, preparations and maintenance programs supported by EMPNG during project operations prior to the earthquake enabled a rapid and efficient response when the earthquake actually occurred, and thus provided enormous value to the business.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo. "Approaches for Environmental Impact Assessment of Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49453.

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Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) including Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, and Pb exist in exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the Pacific island countries. Some of SMS are interested in as immediate targets for commercial mining ventures. Little information, however, is available for the mining impacts on marine ecosystem, because no actual deep-sea mining operation is there in the world. In case of SMS, in addition, some of them accompany active hydrothermal vents beside the possible mining sites. High primary biomass production and dense ecosystem population on seafloor are found around the vent system. On the basis of physical, chemical, and biological baseline survey data, Nautilus Minerals submitted an environmental impact statement for the Solwara 1 Project to Papua New Guinea (PNG) Government. The other approach is the environmental impact assessment program for SMS mining driven by Japan. In contrast with PNG, the feature of Japan’s program is the step-by-step process for the assessment. The importance of the step-by-step process is introduced in detail.
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Kiss, Eszter, Michelle Barker, and Parlo Singh. "International undergraduate business students' perceptions of employability." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9354.

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Graduate employability is a highly contested topic by education providers, employers and governments. The responsibility of universities to enhance students’ employability through work-integrated learning (WIL) opportunities is also debated. This study explored international students’ understanding of employability skills and their self-perceptions of their employability at an Australian university. It also investiaged students’ perception of the universities’ role in enhancing employability. A qualitative approach informed by Social Cognitive Career Theory (Lent, Brown &amp; Hackett, 1994), used multiple focus groups comprising 18 international undergraduate students from Brazil, China, Colombia, India, Papua New Guinea, South Korea in their final semester at an urban Australian university. The key findings are: (1) Participants were unable to differentiate between employability skills, personality traits and job-specific skills; (2) The importance of social skills and networking were recognised by Chinese respondents, in particular; (3) The perceived level of work-readiness was higher among respondents who had previous work experience; (4) The inclusion of more practical WIL components in the degree program calls for curriculum review; (5) Creating opportunities for students to apply their knowledge and skills in professional contexts is highly desirable. The findings highlight curriculum considerations needed in the development of high-quality WIL experiences that will enable students to apply the knowledge and skills learnt in the classroom, thus enhancing their self-efficacy about their employability.
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