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Kepe, Thembela, and Ruth Hall. "Creating learning and action space in South Africa’s post-apartheid land redistribution program." Action Research 18, no. 4 (April 21, 2017): 510–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476750317705966.
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This paper uses the case of South Africa’s latest land redistribution strategy known as the Proactive Land Acquisition Strategy, to explore whether, and how, research can have direct and positive impacts on beneficiaries of land reform. The study is situated within the practice of action research: to explore how it can generate knowledge that can be shared back and forth between stakeholders, as well as how it may ignite changes that the participants desire. The findings are that Proactive Land Acquisition Strategy is not meeting the overall goals land reform. But action research has allowed the beneficiaries to emerge from the process with new knowledge about their rights, as well as what options they have to move forward in their fight for secure land rights and decent livelihoods. We introduce a concept of a ‘learning and action space’ to explain our practice of action research. The paper concludes that action research is a desirable approach for land reform, but while it succeeded in educating beneficiaries, it is only one ingredient in ongoing struggles to challenge power relations among citizens and between citizens and the state.
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Nxumalo, K. K. S., and M. A. Antwi. "Impact of Proactive Land Acquisition Strategy on Physical Capital Livelihood of Beneficiaries in Dr. Kenneth Kaunda District, South Africa." Journal of Human Ecology 44, no. 2 (November 2013): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2013.11906654.
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Björklund, Tua A., and Norris F. Krueger. "Generating resources through co-evolution of entrepreneurs and ecosystems." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 10, no. 4 (October 10, 2016): 477–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2016-063.
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Purpose The emerging perspectives of entrepreneurial ecosystems, bricolage and effectuation highlight the interaction between the entrepreneur and the surrounding community, and its potential for creative resource acquisition and utilization. However, empirical work on how this process actually unfolds remains scarce. This paper aims to study the interaction between the opportunity construction process and the development of resources in the surrounding ecosystem. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a qualitative analysis of the extreme case of Aalto Entrepreneurship Society (Aaltoes), a newly founded organization successfully promoting entrepreneurship within a university merger with virtually no resources, based on interviews of six key contributors and four stakeholder organizations. Findings The opportunity construction process both supported and was supported by two key resource generating mechanisms. Formulating and opportunistically reformulating the agenda for increasing potential synergy laid the groundwork for mutual benefit. Proactive concretization enhanced both initial resource allocation and sustaining input to the process through offering tangible instances of specific opportunities and feedback. Research limitations/implications Although based on a single case study in a university setting, proactive concretization emerges as a promising direction for further investigations of the benefits and dynamics of entrepreneur–ecosystem interaction in the opportunity construction process. Practical implications Intentionally creating beneficial entrepreneur–ecosystem interaction and teaching proactive concretization becomes a key goal for educators of entrepreneurship. Originality/value The paper extends an understanding of creative resource generation and utilization in the opportunity construction process. The role of proactive concretization was emphasized in the interaction of the entrepreneur and the ecosystem, creating virtuous spirals of entrepreneurial activity.
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Tseng, Chien-chao, Yung-chang Wong, Li-hsing Yen, and Kai-cheng Hsu. "Proactive DAD: A Fast Address-Acquisition Strategy for Mobile IPv6 Networks." IEEE Internet Computing 10, no. 6 (November 2006): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2006.131.
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Haro‐Domínguez, Carmen, Teresa Ortega‐Egea, and Ignacio Tamayo‐Torres. "Proactive orientation and its influence for technology acquisition." Industrial Management & Data Systems 110, no. 7 (August 24, 2010): 953–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571011069059.
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Pathak, Atul Arun. "Tata Motors’ successful cross-border acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover: key take-aways." Strategic Direction 32, no. 9 (September 12, 2016): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-05-2016-0083.
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Purpose This paper aims to focus on Tata Motors, an automobile company from an emerging market, and its successful acquisition of two global marquee car brands in Jaguar and Land Rover (JLR). It traces the evolution of JLR under the stewardship of Tata Motors over an eight-year long period and examines the strategic reasons for the success of the acquisition. Design/methodology/approach The paper approaches strategic issues in cross-border acquisitions using an illustration of a successful deal. It is based on statements of leaders and secondary data about the acquirer and acquired organizations. The paper explores the strategic challenges faced when emerging market firms carry out cross border acquisition deals. It recommends the short-term and long-term strategies that acquirers can follow to improve the chances of a successful acquisition. Findings Any acquisition is challenging. Cross-border acquisitions face greater challenges, especially if the acquirer is from an emerging market country while the target company is from a developed country. Success of the acquisition, especially over the long run, depends on both internal factors that are under the control of the acquirer’s management, as well as external environmental factors that it needs to address. Both patience and luck are required ingredients for success in such contexts. Practical implications While the general temptation in any acquisition is to extract synergies as quickly as possible, the Tata Motors’ acquisition of JLR is an exception. Tata Motors carefully handled short-term challenges and continued to invest in the core competencies of JLR and reaped benefits over the long run. It was also fortunate that a variety of factors in the external environment turned favorable for Tata Motors and JLR in the eight years since the deal took place. Social implications It concedes that during an M&A deal, the leaders of a seller organization may be nervous about their future. JLR trade union leaders were initially not sure whether jobs in UK would remain secure. To ensure success of the deal, the leaders of the acquirer firm need to balance the interests of multiple stakeholders, both in the short-term, as well as over a longer-term perspective. Originality/value The paper considers the Tata Motors’ acquisition of JLR. It is an example of a large, difficult cross-border acquisition by an emerging market based company. While the acquisition proved difficult in the short term, it has yielded excellent dividends to the parent company over the long term. This paper explores the reasons why this cross-border acquisition succeeded and recommends strategies that other companies considering cross-border acquisitions can consider to improve their chances of success.
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Atoba, Kayode, Galen Newman, Samuel Brody, Wesley Highfield, Youjung Kim, and Andrew Juan. "Buy them out before they are built: evaluating the proactive acquisition of vacant land in flood-prone areas." Environmental Conservation 48, no. 2 (March 12, 2021): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892921000059.
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SummaryRising flood damages have prompted local communities to implement buyout and property acquisition programmes to eliminate repetitive losses for at-risk properties. However, buyouts are often costly to implement and are reactionary solutions to flooding. This study quantifies the benefits of acquiring vacant private properties in flood-prone areas rather than acquiring such properties after they are built up. Using a geodesign framework that integrates concepts and analytical approaches derived from geographical, spatial and statistical-based disciplines, we analyse vacant properties with high development potential that intersect current and future floodplain areas in Houston (TX, USA). We use geospatial proximity analysis to select candidate properties, land-use prediction modelling to estimate future development and sea-level rise and benefit–cost analysis to assess the economic viability of buyouts. The results indicate that cumulative avoided flood losses exceed the cost of vacant land acquisition by a factor of nearly two to one, and up to a factor of ten to one in selected areas. This study emphasizes the benefits of proactive property buyouts that focus on acquiring parcels before they are built up, while also avoiding the social and institutional problems associated with traditional buyout programmes.
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Martoni, Riccardo M., Gaia Risso, Mattia Giuliani, Roberta de Filippis, Stefania Cammino, Cristina Cavallini, and Laura Bellodi. "Evaluating Proactive Strategy in Patients With OCD During Stop Signal Task." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 24, no. 7 (June 7, 2018): 703–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617718000267.
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AbstractObjectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate “Proactive-Adjustment hypothesis” (PA) during the Stop Signal Task (SST). The PA is implied in the highly inconsistent literature, and it deals with the role of response inhibition (RI) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This hypothesis assumed that participants would balance stopping and going by adjusting the response threshold (RT) in the go task. We verified whether the PA strategy was also implemented in our clinical group. Methods: To reach this goal, we analyzed SST performances in a group of 36 patients with OCD and 36 healthy controls (HCs). To identify different participants’ behaviors during the task, without preconceived notions regarding the diagnosis, we performed a cluster analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed the influence of drug therapy and we investigated whether the rule and reversal acquisition investigated with the Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift, differed in the two clusters. Results: We did not find any difference relative to the number of patients with OCD and HCs included in the two clusters. Furthermore, we found that only Not Proactive participants performed the task as fast as possible, while Proactive participants consistently slowed down their RTs and showed a lower number of Direction Errors, higher Stop Signal Delay, and worse cognitive flexibility. Conclusions: Our results show that among patients with OCD the use of PA is changeable and does not differ from HCs. This finding supports the idea that the RI heterogeneity concerning patients with OCD could be related to PA. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1–12)
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Su, Yu-Shou. "Discourse, Strategy, and Practice of Urban Resilience against Flooding." Business and Management Studies 2, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v2i1.1348.
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Resilience discourse is shifting the very meaning of “resilience” from “bouncing back” to “bouncing forward” in the twenty-first century. International policies have provoked cities to play a proactive role in applying land-use and environmental planning strategies for disaster resilience. Strategies of urban flood resilience include prevention, accommodation, fortification, protection, retreat, and green infrastructure. In general, four models of resilience against flooding are primarily adopted: the structure model, the non-structure model, the land-use and environmental planning model, and the retreat planning model. Results indicate that planning more space for the river, wetland planning, polder and retention areas, and permeable surface design do matter in reducing flood risks. Additionally, urban growth management, directing developments and populations away from floodplains, could reduce flood risks and damages. Finally, in retreat model, urban resilience stresses retreat and evacuation to reduce flood damages. Retreat strategies and alternatives, such as property buyouts, relocations, new towns for accommodations, and land swaps for less risky areas, could be applied in helping to achieve urban flood resilience.
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Nayoan, Farhan, and Priyo Katon Prasetyo. "Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Pembangunan Bagi Kepentingan Umum di Muara Rupit Sumatera Selatan." Tunas Agraria 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31292/jta.v3i2.109.
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Abstract: The phenomenon of people rejection that became one of the obstacles in the land acquisition for development of the public interest, was not happening in Muara Rupit Urban Village, Rupit Sub-district, North Musi Rawas Regency (Muratara), South Sumatera Province. In 2017, the land acquisition for the construction of office buildings and other supporting facilities could be done well and smoothly without any rejection from the local people whose land was exposed to the project. This research aims to know the strategy of Muratara Regency Government and people participation of Muara Rupit Urban Village to the implementation of land acquisition. This research was qualitative research with descriptive approach. The results showed that the Muara Rupit community was actively participated in the preparation and implementation stages of land acquisition. The Government strategy were using 2 (two) approach model, top down and bottom up planning.Keywords: land acquisition, people participation, government strategy. Intisari: Fenomena penolakan masyarakat yang menjadi salah satu hambatan dalam proses pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan bagi kepentingan umum, ternyata tidak terjadi di Kelurahan Muara Rupit, Kecamatan Rupit, Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara (Muratara), Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Pada tahun 2017, pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan gedung perkantoran dan sarana pendukung lainnya justru dapat terlaksana dengan baik dan lancar tanpa adanya penolakan dari masyarakat setempat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Muratara dan partisipasi masyarakat Kelurahan Muara Rupit sehingga pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuk partisipasi masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Muara Rupit adalah berpartisipasi aktif dalam tahapan persiapan dan pelaksanaan pengadaan tanah. Strategi yang digunakan oleh Pemerintah mengunakan 2 (dua) model pendekatan yaitu top down planning dan bottom up planning.Kata Kunci: pengadaan tanah, partisipasi masyarakat, strategi pemerintah.
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Yang, Jinyu, Bin Liu, and Lihua Yuan. "Land and resources acquisition, equity investment increase and enterprise overinvestment." Nankai Business Review International 8, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nbri-10-2016-0036.
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Purpose This paper comes to the point from the tax competition of local government in investment promotion and capital introduction. This paper aims to empirically examine the internal mechanism of enterprises obtaining land resources from local government and its resulting equity investment increase and economic consequences of overinvestment. Design/methodology/approach The data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2014 were used to test the relationship between the increase in enterprise equity investment and the acquisition of land resources and overinvestment. The descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and least squares linear regression were used to solve the above question. Findings One of the reasons for the enterprise equity increase is to obtain scarce land resources. The enterprise acquisition for land resources leads to overinvestment. The equity investment increase from obtaining land resources will further stimulate enterprise group to overinvest. Research limitations/implications The authors could not get the actual data of land that subsidiaries have obtained directly. In this research, the authors get the data using consolidated statements and subsidiary statements indirectly. Practical implications The results make contributions to the influencing factors and economic consequence of the enterprise investment structural deviation. Social implications It provides reference to optimize the “interaction” relationship between government and enterprises. Originality/value It identified the “dual-channel” conduction mechanism between land resource acquisition and enterprise overinvestment.
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Cummiskey, Jean. "The Cape Cod Land Bank: the use of a land acquisition strategy to preserve a Massachusetts coastal region." Ocean & Coastal Management 44, no. 1-2 (February 2001): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0964-5691(00)00079-x.
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Liao, Jianwen, Harold Welsch, and Michael Stoica. "Organizational Absorptive Capacity and Responsiveness: An Empirical Investigation of Growth–Oriented SMEs." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 28, no. 1 (January 2003): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.00032.
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This study examines the relationship between firm absorptive capacity and organizational responsiveness in the context of growth–oriented small and medium–sized enterprises (SMEs). By testing the different dimensions of absorptive capacity, external knowledge acquisition and intrafirm knowledge dissemination were found to be positively related to organizational responsiveness. In addition, the relationships between absorptive capacity and organizational responsiveness were moderated by environmental dynamism and the SMEs’ strategic orientation. Results demonstrate that the responsiveness of growth–oriented SMEs is expected to increase if (1) they have well–developed capabilities in external knowledge acquisition and intrafirm knowledge dissemination; (2) they have a well–developed external knowledge acquisition capability and adopt a more proactive strategy, such as being a prospector; (3) they face a turbulent environment and have a well developed internal knowledge dissemination capability. Implications and future research directions are provided.
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Augustine, Ujunwa, Okoyeuzu Chinwe, Igwe Anthony, and Wilfred Ukpere. "Economic and social issues related to foreign land grab and capacity building in Zambian Agricultural economy." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 4 (December 23, 2016): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(4-1).2016.13.
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This paper focuses on the recent land grab in Zambia for agricultural investment. The paper explores the history of foreign land acquisition and shows the dynamics that led to the liberalization of land market in Zambia. The research argues that despite the negative effect of these investments, the government can leverage this opportunity to place the country on the trajectory of growth, especially in the area of capacity development through skill acquisition. This can be achieved by structuring the contract to contain some performance requirements that investors are expected to contribute to the local people. Keywords: land grab, foreign agricultural investment, capacity development. JEL Classification: Q1
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Pawelec, Iga, Michael Wakin, and Paul Sava. "Missing trace reconstruction for 2D land seismic data with randomized sparse sampling." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): P25—P36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0683.1.
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Acquisition of high-quality land seismic data requires (expensive) dense source and receiver geometries to avoid aliasing-related problems. Alternatively, acquisition using the concept of compressive sensing (CS) allows for similarly high-quality land seismic data using fewer measurements provided that the designed geometry and sparse recovery strategy are well matched. We have developed a complex wavelet-based sparsity-promoting wavefield reconstruction strategy to overcome challenges in land seismic data interpolation using the CS framework. Despite having lower angular sensitivity than curvelets, complex wavelets improve the reconstruction of sparsely acquired land data while being faster and requiring less storage. Unlike the Fourier transform, the complex wavelet transform localizes aliasing-related artifacts likely to be present in field data and yields reconstructions with fewer artifacts and higher signal-to-noise ratios. We determine that the data recovery success depends on the number and the geometry of the missing traces as revealed by analyzing reconstructions from multiple realizations of trace geometry and data decimation ratios. Using half the number of traces required by the regular sampling rules and thus reducing the acquisition costs, we find that data are appropriately reconstructed provided that there are no large gaps in the strategic places.
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Lochhead, I., and N. Hedley. "COMMUNICATING MULTILEVEL EVACUATION CONTEXT USING SITUATED AUGMENTED REALITY." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W6 (September 12, 2018): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w6-33-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Emergency preparedness is a fundamental component of a successful emergency management strategy. This includes a proactive communication strategy that informs all stakeholders of the emergency plan and helps translate that knowledge to real spaces. Communicating multilevel built environments can be difficult, as the architectural complexity creates problems for both visual and mental representations of networks in 3D space. Modern mobile technology offers emerging opportunities for emergency managers to develop and deploy 3D visualizations of multilevel spaces that preserve the topology of those spaces while adding the spatial context that allows the individual to better understand their position within it. In this paper, we present a collection of mixed reality (specifically augmented reality) geovisualizations that overcome the visual limitations associated with the traditional static 2D methods of communicating the evacuation plans of multilevel structures. We demonstrate how this technology can provide spatially contextualized 3D geovisualizations that promote spatial knowledge acquisition and support cognitive mapping. These geovisualizations are designed as a proactive emergency management tool to educate and prepare at risk populations prior to the occurrence of a hazardous event.</p>
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Seshadri, Triyakshana. "An Analysis of the Feasibility of Private Land Assembly for Special Economic Zones in India." Urban Studies 49, no. 10 (November 10, 2011): 2285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011423426.
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India has used export processing zones as a development strategy since the mid 1960s. The performance of these zones did not meet expectations and, in 2001, the government changed the rules and the name, and recast them as special economic zones. Indian special economic zone policy was formulated to facilitate the private development of big industrial townships. This is a significant departure from the typical export zone model, where governments usually develop the zone and invite entrepreneurs to start firms within it. However, the zone policy is unlikely to achieve its objective because of land acquisition problems. This paper analyses the effect of land laws such as land ceiling and land use clauses, and the political nature of land dealings in the context of special economic zone development in India, and concludes that private land acquisition is not possible with the current structure of land laws in India, and that this is a primary problem for the private development in special economic zones in India.
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Augustine, Ujunwa, Chinwe Okoyeuzu, Anthony Igwe, and Wilfred Isioma Ukpere. "Socio-economic risk factors of foreign land acquisition in a developing country." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 4 (2016): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv6i4siart3.
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Large investment in African land has generated serious interest among academicians, policy makers, international and local development agencies as well as civil organization. The debates centre on the phenomenal trajectory and the drivers of this investment in Africa. The inaccuracy or ambiguities in number of deals and institutional specificities has brought in the main, the need to undertake country by country study of foreign land deals in agricultural investment. To suggest vital information that will aid policy formulation and deliberation at country level, the study is on Congo-Brazzaville. This paper explores the factors that influenced foreign land acquisition in Congo, the impact of such investment on the host communities, and faults the decision of the government to make the attraction of foreign investment in agriculture a priority without fashioning out institutional framework that will regulate the investors and promote market discipline. Based on the above, the paper recommends strategies the government should earnestly pursue to mitigate the negativities of the investment and leverage on the benefits of commercial farming in the country, especially, in the area of skill transfer.
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Kaganova, Olga, Abdirasul Akmatov, and Charles Undeland. "INTRODUCING MORE TRANSPARENT AND EFFICIENT LAND MANAGEMENT IN POST‐SOCIALIST CITIES: LESSONS FROM KYRGYZSTAN." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-715x.2008.12.161-181.
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The Urban Institute (UI) worked with five cities in post‐Soviet Kyrgyzstan to apply better management practices through the development of Strategic Land Management Plans. Kyrgyzstan transferred property to local governments, but municipal land management had remained poor owing to a proliferation of responsible agencies, lack of rule of law, corruption, and passiveness on the part of local governments. UI worked with local governments to make an inventory of municipal land, publicize the results, and develop a strategy that articulated principles for land management and an implementation plan. This led to several improvements including proper registration of parcels and proactive policies to lease and sell land through open competition. It also established a model for determining public policy that countered corruption and public deliberation of costs and benefits in the use of local assets. Donor involvement to promote good land legislation, the property registration system, and decentralization was also critical to success. Santrauka Urbanistikos institutas bendradarbiavo su penkiais posovietinės Kirgizijos miestais, kad, plėtodamas strateginės žemėtvarkos planus, įvestų geresnę vadybos praktiką. Kirgizijoje nuosavybė perduota vietos valdžiai, tačiau žemėtvarkos būklė savivaldybėse išliko vargana dėl atsakingų tarnybų gausos, įstatymų trūkumo, korupcijos ir vietos valdžios pasyvumo. Urbanistikos institutas bendradarbiavo su vietos valdžia, siekdamas inventorizuoti savivaldybių žemę, paskelbti rezultatus ir sukurti strategiją, pabrėžiančią žemėtvarkos principus ir įgyvendinimo planą. Tai leido kai ką patobulinti, įskaitant deramą sklypų registravimą ir aktyvią žemės nuomos bei pardavimo per atvirus konkursus politiką. Be to, sudarytas modelis, nustatantis viešąją politiką, kovojančią su korupcija, ir viešus sąnaudų ir naudos svarstymus naudojant vietinį turtą. Prie gerų žemės įstatymų, nuosavybės registravimo sistemos ir decentralizacijos sėkmingo propagavimo daug prisidėjo ir rėmėjai.
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Park, Sung-Yun, and Charissa S. L. Cheah. "Korean mothers’ proactive socialisation beliefs regarding preschoolers’ social skills." International Journal of Behavioral Development 29, no. 1 (January 2005): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250444000306.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the proactive socialisation beliefs (goals, attributions, strategies) of Korean mothers regarding preschoolers’ social skills (sharing, controlling negative emotions, and helping others). Participants were 116 mothers in Seoul, Korea. The reasons that mothers provided for the importance of each skill, their causal attributions for the acquisition of those skills, and the socialisation strategies that would be most effective, were targeted. Korean mothers rated controlling negative emotions as less important than sharing and helping others, and were least likely to attribute the importance of social skills to social conventional reasons and provide different ratings and reasons, for the importance of children’s skills depending on the sex of their child. Specifically, mothers posit more moral reasons for girls, but more developmental reasons for boys. Also, Korean mothers made more external causal attributions than internal attributions for being good at sharing and helping, whereas emotion regulation was thought to be equally a factor of external and internal reasons. In terms of socialisation strategies, Korean mothers endorsed a higher proportion of modelling than any other strategy for the socialisation of all three social skills, regardless of the sex of the child. In conclusion, Korean mothers’ beliefs were related to both traditional and modern Korean ideologies and values in meaningful ways. This study highlights the significance of cultural ideologies regarding children and the family in the study of maternal beliefs regarding child socialisation.
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Thomas, Mark. "Lenovo’s successful acquisition of the IBM PC Division." Strategic Direction 32, no. 9 (September 12, 2016): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-06-2016-0090.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze Lenovo’s successful acquisition of IBM’s PC division using Ghemawat’s (2001) CAGE framework. It was an acquisition that was so full of symbols that it is difficult to know where to begin. Lenovo’s purchase of IBM in 2005 was first seen as a sign of the rapid growth and expansion of the Chinese economy and its transformation away from the traditional manufacturing base to more high-tech areas. For doomsday merchants in the land of Uncle Sam, it foretold the end of the world domination of the US economy. Despite a considerable number of skeptics at the time, Lenovo was clearly up to the task. Such was the success of the acquisition that by 2015, Lenovo could claim to have grown into the world’s number 1 PC maker, number 3 smartphone manufacturer and number 3 in the production of tablet computers. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a case study. Findings Despite a considerable number of skeptics at the time, Lenovo was clearly up to the task. Such was the success of the acquisition that by 2015, Lenovo could claim to have grown into the world’s number 1 PC maker, number 3 smartphone manufacturer and number 3 in the production of tablet computers. Indeed, by 2014, the firm had enough confidence to add the IBM server business to its portfolio. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
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A. Krishna Priya, M., and Justus Selwyn. "KM Trajectory Schema Service Frame Work for Software Development Organizations." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16440.
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Software Development Organizations are in the need to follow an effective KM strategy for Knowledge acquisition and Knowledge utilization. Even though, knowledge is available in the forms of documents, it is time consuming for the developers to identify and utilize the knowledge according to their need. Hence, we present a KM Trajectory Schema - Service Frame work which offers services for systematic Knowledge acquisition and Knowledge utilization. Knowledge is acquired from the development activity, and then the developer’s code is stored in knowledge base. Knowledge Base Administrator designs a repository; knowledge base is appended by knowledge workers. Assessment and Evaluation of this Knowledge base is been done through the subject experts or knowledge champions. Finally Solution Knowledge Base is built and managed by Knowledge Base Administrators. KM service Framework facilitates Knowledge utilization by providing proactive semantic help for the software developers by the time of the development. KM Service Framework is an experimental collaborative platform that provides great service to the Software Development Organizations.
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Osumanu, Issaka Kanton, Prince Agyekum, and Prosper Laari Bosommi. "Compulsory land acquisition by government and litigations in Ghana: an empirical study of three educational institutions in Wa Municipality." Journal of Planning and Land Management 1, no. 2 (September 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36005/jplm.v1i2.24.
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This study examined government’s compulsory acquisitions of land for public educational infrastructure development in Ghana, using three case studies in Wa Municipality of Upper West Region. The strategy of inquiry was qualitative, involving key informant interviews with heads of the acquiring authorities and beneficiary institutions as well as semi-structured interviews with pre-acquiring owners and settlers of the lands. The findings revealed that the processes of compulsory acquisition of the subject lands had been delayed, and it is unclear when they would be completed. The processes were not properly followed as determined in the State Lands Regulations of 1962 (L.I. 230) and its subsequent amendments, which provide the processes or procedures for state acquisition of lands under the State Lands Act of 1962 (Act 125), leading to agitations and litigations between landlords and government institutions. The study attributes the problems of compulsory land acquisition to failure of acquiring institutions to follow procedures laid by regulations on compulsory acquisition. It recommends that landowners should be represented in the acquisition process from the onset to ensure fairness and prompt payment of adequate compensation as provided for by the law to reduce tension and litigations between government institutions and landlords.
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Walker, Johann, Jay J. Rotella, Charles R. Loesch, Randy W. Renner, James K. Ringelman, Mark S. Lindberg, Randal Dell, and Kevin E. Doherty. "An Integrated Strategy for Grassland Easement Acquisition in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 4, no. 2 (August 1, 2013): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/052013-jfwm-035.
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Abstract Acquisition of perpetual grassland easements is a principal tactic used by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and its partners to protect nesting habitat for migratory birds in the Prairie Pothole Region of North and South Dakota, USA. This public–private partnership resulted in the conservation of >344,000 ha of grassland during 1998–2012. Past easement acquisition has been targeted to landscapes with greatest expected accessibility to breeding duck pairs without active consideration of probability of conversion or cost of protection. The rising cost of easement acquisition in recent years indicates that re-evaluation and refinement of the easement acquisition strategy could help to improve programmatic outcomes. We assessed regional patterns of easement acquisition during 1998–2012, evaluated the current targeting strategy, and used a combination of publicly available and proprietary geospatial data to develop an easement-targeting Geographic Information System that integrated information about conversion probability and protection cost with current targeting criteria. Our assessment indicated that grassland protection was negatively affected by rising land prices during 1998–2012. In the 5 y between 2008 and 2012, about 100,000 ha of grassland were protected at a cost of $83 million (U.S. dollars). The 2008–2012 acquisitions represented 30% of total protection during 1998–2012 but composed 47% of the total expenditure. We observed strong evidence that easements were targeted to priority landscapes both before and after formalization of the USFWS conservation strategy in 2004. We also found evidence of an opportunity to increase efficiency of future acquisitions. We identified 0.9 million ha of currently unprotected priority grassland in the region with greater than expected conversion risk and smaller than expected protection cost. We suggest that future grassland easement acquisition be refocused on this refined priority area and that an adaptive approach to future easement acquisition (including targeted acquisitions, directed monitoring, and data-based decisions) provides a logical framework for implementation of this new strategy and will facilitate continued conservation success.
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Metlen, Kerry L., Terry Fairbanks, Max Bennett, Jena Volpe, Bill Kuhn, Matthew P. Thompson, Jim Thrailkill, et al. "Integrating forest restoration, adaptation, and proactive fire management: Rogue River Basin case study." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 51, no. 9 (September 2021): 1292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0480.
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Uncharacteristic disturbances exacerbated by climate change are challenging forests and social systems of North America. To improve efficiency and effectiveness of forest management to address these challenges, we demonstrated structured decision-making in the collaborative development of a novel 20-year dry forest management strategy for southwestern Oregon, USA. We framed priorities and evaluated options with a wildfire risk assessment, then modeled stand-scale prescriptions to estimate management outputs (e.g., area treated, fuels reduced, and timber volume). We mapped landscape-scale objectives and used optimization software to prioritize treatment placement constrained by realistic access considerations and robust habitat protections. The resulting prioritization integrated proactive forest adaptation and fire management (ecological forest thinning, prescribed fire) with protection of imperiled species. To evaluate tradeoffs, we tested three 20-year scenarios, finding that the All-Lands scenario best mitigated wildfire risk; it reduced risk overall by 70%, to homes by 50%, and to core northern spotted owl habitat by 47%. This scenario treated 25% of the 1.9 million ha landscape, including 31% of federal land and 40% of the community at risk. Clear articulation of collaborative objectives and evaluation of scenarios have expanded partnerships and co-investment in actions supporting a shared vision of resilient southwestern Oregon forests applicable to other landscapes.
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Phuc, Nguyen Quang, A. C. M. (Guus) van Westen, and Annelies Zoomers. "Land Loss with Compensation: What Are the Determinants of Income Among Households in Central Vietnam?" Environment and Urbanization ASIA 12, no. 1 (March 2021): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990383.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of household income following the loss of land owing to urban expansion in central Vietnam. Using data mainly from household surveys in the peri-urban areas of Hue city, the regression model indicates that demographic factors and livelihood strategy choices have important impacts on household income; financial compensation and support packages do not appear to be strong determinants of household income after the loss of land. This implies a failure of the current compensation programmes in the process of compulsory land acquisition, because the government believes that compensation packages make important contributions to livelihood reconstruction. This study suggests that investing in education and skill training for household members affected by land loss as well as assistance in converting compensation money into an adequate livelihood should be taken into consideration.
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Diramo, Alemnesh, Rahmeto Negash, and Agidew Abebe. "DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND COPING STRATEGY: (EVIDENCE FROM AMARO WOREDA OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA)." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 5 (May 31, 2018): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i5.2018.1434.
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The study was conducted in Amaro Woreda of southern Ethiopia with the main objectives to identify the main determinants of household food Security. Data were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency and mean), inferential statistics (Chi-square and t-test) and logistic regression (binary logit) model. Household calorie acquisition was used to measure the status of household food security. Through systematic sampling method 151 respondents were identified. Among those 40.4% of the respondents were food insecure and 59.6% were food secure. The logistic model was initially fitted with 11 variables of which five were found to be significance effect on the household food security. Cultivated land size, livestock holding, education level, household labor and annual gross household income were significantly affecting household food security. Farm households have employed different coping strategies including sale of livestock, reduce size of meals and reduce number of meals at initial stage of food shortage and receive food aid, sale/consume seed meant and reduce size of meals at sever stage of food shortage. Improved food security is attained along with the increase in the size of cultivated land and livestock holdings. Improved technologies that increase the productivity of land and livestock should be given prior attention.
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JUNG, Suhwan. "The JeonJuLee clan(全州李氏) GangNeung (江陵 ) Land Acquisition and Extension Strategy in 18th century Choson." STUDY OF THE EASTERN CLASSIC 75 (June 30, 2019): 389–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.16880/sec.2019.75.13.389.
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Raianu, Mircea. "“A mass of anomalies”: Land, Law, and Sovereignty in an Indian Company Town." Comparative Studies in Society and History 60, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 367–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417518000087.
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AbstractThis article examines the emergence of Jamshedpur, site of India's first steel plant and privately governed company town, as part of an unprecedented large-scale extraction of mineral resources at the turn of the twentieth century for the purpose of industrial development. It traces the protracted acquisition of land and dispossession of mainlyadivasi(tribal) cultivators by the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) from ca. 1900 to 1930. The company pursued a distinct strategy of obtaining short-term leases from princely states andzamindars(landowners), while simultaneously appealing to the legal apparatus of the colonial state to secure absolute tenurial rights. The uneven application of laws such as the Land Acquisition Act (1894) and the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act (1908) allowed TISCO to become a quasi-sovereign power in eastern India, simultaneously acting as employer, landlord, and municipal government. Jamshedpur's continually anomalous legal status underlies the persistence of multiple, fragmented, and competing sovereignties in India, even as an ostensibly unified national economic state space emerged by the time of independence in 1947. More broadly, it suggests that the contours of the relationship between states and corporations, particularly in a postcolonial context, are determined both by preexisting political geographies and contingent legal struggles.
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Bélair, Joanny. "Land investments in Tanzania: assessing the role of state brokers." Journal of Modern African Studies 56, no. 3 (August 6, 2018): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x18000289.
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AbstractFocusing on one of the most targeted areas for land investments in Tanzania (Rufiji district), this article compares the involvement of two Tanzanian state agencies in land acquisition, in the context of the central government's new strategy on productive investors. Given the fragmented and contentious authority of many African states, I investigate the impact of state intermediaries on the relationships between investors and local populations and consider bureaucrats as a group of actors to analyse flows of power within the state. I make two main points. First, the central state's weak infrastructural power and resulting lack of local knowledge, and, conversely, local bureaucrats’ possession of these valuable resources, reverses the flow of power from local to central. Second, a central monitoring process might have a negative effect. Instead of protecting vulnerable populations, it fosters institutional innovations that protect local bureaucrats’ opportunities for accumulation with investors, to the detriment of local populations.
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Marišová, Eleonóra, Zuzana Ilková, Lucia Palšová, and Kristína Mandalová. "Legislation of Renewable Energy Sources In Slovakia / Legislatívna Úprava Obnoviteľných Zdrojov Energie Na Slovensku." EU agrarian Law 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eual-2015-0011.
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Abstract Growing renewable energy plants on agricultural land and its further energy usage presents a significant importance for implementing long-term strategy of Slovakia in the area of acquisition and use of renewable energy sources (RES). Renewable energy plants together fulfil the objectives of Europe 2020 strategy and contributes to diversification of energy resources. The paper draws on the EU and national legislation regulating RES. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC are analysed. Broadly, the topic of the renewable energy resources is integrated in Rural Development Program 2014 - 2020. More specifically, Biomass Action Plan 2008- 2013, Strategy of higher use of the renewable energy resources in Slovakia and Strategy of energy security of Slovakia till 2030 have been adopted. Sustainable use of agricultural land, its management and use, as well as the protection of its quality and functions are regulated by Act No. 220/2004 Coll. on the protection and use of agricultural land and amending the Act no. 245/2003 Coll. on integrated prevention and control of environmental pollution and amending certain acts as amended which came into the force 1. May 2004. Act. No. 57/2013 Coll. with is in effect from 1 April 2013, establishes the principles and procedure for the establishment of plantations of fast-growing trees on agricultural land. Slovak legislation introduced a register for fast-growing trees in Slovak territories at each district office, Land and Forest Department in Slovakia (72). The survey at registers shows that this legislation promoted the farmers to start to use marginal land for fast-growing trees.
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Maring, Prudensius. "The strategy of shifting cultivators in West Kalimantan in adapting to the market economy: empirical evidence behind gaps in interdisciplinary communication." Journal of Political Ecology 27, no. 1 (December 7, 2020): 1015–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v27i1.23757.
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Issues of climate change and expansion of large-scale land acquisition for industrial plantations continue to ravage the shifting cultivation system that 300–500 million subsistence farmer households depend on. In Indonesia, particularly in Kalimantan and Sumatera, village communities continue to practice shifting cultivation amidst the conversion of lands into industrial plantations. The rampant conversion of farmer's land by large scale companies based in the market economy has resulted in the decline of the shifting cultivation system, and compelled them to enter commercial production. I employed qualitative methods, conducting in-depth interviews and observations in West Kalimantan in 2018. Shifting cultivation today is not just for subsistence, but it is also a strategy to maintain claims to land that has been handed over to companies. Concurrently, people have been developing community plantations using industrial commodities such as rubber and oil palm, which still incorporate subsistence features. The changes occurring in villages have led to conflict since land availability has reduced, while the alternative of working for forestry and plantation companies is hampered by their lack of skills and knowledge. Theoretically, this study indicates the need for communication and synergy between the perspectives of political ecology and cultural ecology in order to understand the socio-politico-economic complexities haunting the village community's alterations in subsistence strategies. The practical implications are that land-based village development should open up communication among stakeholders and position village communities as the key beneficiary in the long run.Keywords: Shifting cultivation, land conversion, adaptation strategy, market economy, political ecology, Kalimantan, Indonesia
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Chen, Yangfen, Xiande Li, Lijuan Wang, and Shihai Wang. "Is China different from other investors in global land acquisition? Some observations from existing deals in China’s Going Global Strategy." Land Use Policy 60 (January 2017): 362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.045.
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Ayeni, A. "Extension education strategy for minimizing aflatoxin impact on sub-Saharan African agriculture and food systems." World Mycotoxin Journal 8, no. 2 (January 1, 2015): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2014.1716.
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Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the most vulnerable region of the world to all aflatoxin-related problems including food insecurity, ill health and reduced foreign exchange earnings. Aflatoxin-contaminated maize, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum and other crops reduce human access to adequate calories from these staples; consumption of aflatoxin-contaminated foods results in severe health conditions, including liver cancer, that deny the region a significant amount of otherwise productive man-hours; while the reduction of grain quality below the international standards due to aflatoxin contamination drastically reduces income in foreign exchange earnings. Scientific knowledge of the causes of aflatoxins in agricultural systems and their mitigation abounds in research institutions in SSA and internationally, but most of this knowledge is unavailable to farmers, food consumers and policy makers in useful form due to poor extension education and ineffective extension services. A paradigm shift in the approach to extension in SSA is proposed, one driven by a sustainable mechanism that is sensitive to the needs of the people and proactive (rather than reactive) in providing solutions to aflatoxin-related problems the local community and policy makers have to deal with. This paper argues that such sustainable mechanism may only be found in a University-based and University-run ‘land grant’ type extension services adapted appropriately to SSA conditions.
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Duong, Phan, Ta Trung, Kenlo Nasahara, and Takeo Tadono. "JAXA High-Resolution Land Use/Land Cover Map for Central Vietnam in 2007 and 2017." Remote Sensing 10, no. 9 (September 4, 2018): 1406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10091406.
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Robust remote monitoring of land cover changes is essential for a range of studies such as climate modeling, ecosystems, and environmental protection. However, since each satellite data has its own effective features, it is difficult to obtain high accuracy land cover products derived from a single satellite’s data, perhaps because of cloud cover, suboptimal acquisition schedules, and the restriction of data accessibility. In this study, we integrated Landsat 5, 7, and 8, Sentinel-2, Advanced Land Observing Satellite Advanced Visual, and Near Infrared Radiometer type 2 (ALOS/AVNIR-2), ALOS Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) Mosaic, ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 Mosaic, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), and ancillary data, using kernel density estimation to map and analyze land use/cover change (LUCC) over Central Vietnam from 2007 to 2017. The region was classified into nine categories, i.e., water, urban, rice paddy, upland crops, grassland, orchard, forest, mangrove, and bare land by an automatic model which was trained and tested by 98,000 reference data collected from field surveys and visual interpretations. Results were the 2007 and 2017 classified maps with the same spatial resolutions of 10 m and the overall accuracies of 90.5% and 90.6%, respectively. They indicated that Central Vietnam experienced an extensive change in land cover (33 ± 18% of the total area) during the study period. Gross gains in forests (2680 km2) and water bodies (570 km2) were primarily from conversion of orchards, paddy fields, and crops. Total losses in bare land (495 km2) and paddy (485 km2) were largely to due transformation to croplands and urban & other infrastructure lands. In addition, the results demonstrated that using global land cover products for specific applications is impaired because of uncertainties and inconsistencies. These findings are essential for the development of resource management strategy and environmental studies.
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Jana, Arnab, Rounaq Basu, and Conan Mukherjee. "A game theoretic approach to optimize multi-stakeholder utilities for land acquisition negotiations with informality." Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 69 (March 2020): 100717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2019.06.002.
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Amiri, Sina, David King, and Samuel DeMarie. "Divestiture of prior acquisitions: competing explanations of performance." Journal of Strategy and Management 13, no. 1 (November 21, 2019): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-05-2019-0076.
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Purpose There are multiple perspectives of divestiture and its performance that require reconciliation. While research finds a positive market response to divestment announcement, divestiture of prior acquisitions are generally viewed negatively. The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test different explanations for the divestment of prior acquisitions. Design/methodology/approach This research employs event study to capture market reaction at acquisition announcement and subsequent divestments in a sample of 69 public US high-technology acquisitions between 2003 and 2008 that were divested by 2015. Only initial acquisitions involving public firms were included from the Thomson One Banker SDC database. Public press releases and companies’ SEC filings were reviewed to track divestitures back to prior acquisitions. Ordinary least squared regression was used to estimate coefficients. Findings Results indicate a positive relation between acquisition and divestiture performance around announcement dates. This finding rejects the correction of mistake explanation, suggesting that a negative stigma surrounding divestments is largely unwarranted and that investors reward capable acquirer’s divestiture decisions. Practical implications Investors do not treat all information signals at divestiture equally. For example, acquisitions made by larger and more profitable firms, or acquisitions paid for with stock, are associated with lower return upon divestiture announcement. Originality/value This study finds that investors view divestiture as a proactive strategy, suggesting firms can improve performance by actively managing acquisitions and divestments to optimize their portfolio of businesses.
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Tefera, Getamesay, and Prof Xinhai Lu. "Effectiveness Assessment on Overseas Farm Land Investments in Ethiopia." Applied Science and Innovative Research 2, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v2n4p193.
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<p><em>The wave of acquiring large-scale farmland investments for overseas both by the private and state-owned company after the 2007/2008 food and energy crisis has brought a lot of attention worldwide among scholars, media experts, and activist. Sooner or later this huge wave towards overseas large-scale farmland investment has raised a conflicting debate among scholars and developmental practitioners on its significance. In this study we investigate effectiveness levels of those overseas farmland investors, who acquire land in Ethiopia from 1995-2016, using time series data for said period collected from the databank of Ethiopian investment agency. We applied descriptive and inferential statistical analysis using E-views version-9. Finally, the findings indicate that effectiveness of overseas farmland investments for those projects that possess the license and that got the land is about 67.4 per cent. The regression result indicates as there is a significant relationship between origin of the investor’s country (0.0039) and farm land size (0.0000) with a P value less than 5 per cent. The result indicates and also substantiates those who perceive the activity as more of land acquisition that the investors are failed to invest appropriately after they possessed the land. Finally, the findings greatly contribute for policy makers and also for implementing appropriate land investment strategy in the whole. </em></p>
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Pitasari, Pitasari, I. Gusti Nyoman Guntur, and Sri Kistiyah. "Problematika Penyelesaian Pelepasan Tanah Wakaf, Tanah Desa, dan Tanah Instansi Pemerintah Untuk Bandara Baru di Yogyakarta." Tunas Agraria 3, no. 1 (January 19, 2020): 30–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31292/jta.v3i1.66.
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Abstract: The relinquishment of rights in the acquisition of land for the development of public interests is influenced by the subject of land rights. In the case of the subject of rights in the form of a legal entity, the relinquishment of rights is not only with the deliberation of the parties to reach an agreement, but approval from the government that often creates problems are required. This study aims to determine the problems and strategies to accelerate the completion of the release of rights from waqf land, village land, and government agency land for New Airport in Special Region of Yogyakarta construction. The research method uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. The results of the study are: first the problem of the release is the difficulty of finding a replacement land, the length of time the permit, and there are differences in the meaning of the compensation. Second, the strategy to accelerate the settlement is to provide compensation in the form of money, simplification of licensing for the release from the government on it, and the government agency's land is contributed to the construction of the airport based on the request for guidance. Basically the mechanism for the release of the three types of land status must obtain permission from the government on it.Keywords: waqf land, village land, government agency land, land acquisition. Intisari: Pelepasan hak dalam pengadaan tanah untuk pembangunan kepentingan umum salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh subjek hak atas tanahnya. Dalam hal subjek hak berupa badan hukum, maka pelepasan hak tidak hanya dengan musyawarah para pihak untuk mencapai kesepakatan, namun diperlukan persetujuan dari pemerintah di atasnya. Persetujuan dari pemerintah di atasnya sering menimbulkan permasalahan sebagai persyaratan pelepasannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika dan strategi percepatan penyelesaian pelepasan hak yang berasal dari tanah wakaf, tanah desa, dan tanah instansi pemerintah untuk pembangunan Bandara Baru di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa problematika pelepasan tanah adalah kesulitan mencari tanah pengganti, lamanya waktu perizinan pelepasan dari pemerintah di atasnya, dan terdapat perbedaan pemaknaan dalam pemberian ganti kerugian. Berikutnya, strategi percepatan penyelesainnya adalah memberikan ganti kerugian berupa uang, penyederhanaan perizinan pelepasan dari pemerintah di atasnya, dan tanah instansi pemerintah dikontribusikan untuk pembangunan bandara tersebut berdasarkan permohonan petunjuk. Pada dasarnya mekanisme pelepasan dari ketiga jenis status tanah tersebut harus memperoleh izin dari pemerintah di atasnya. Kata Kunci: tanah wakaf, tanah desa, tanah instansi pemerintah, pengadaan tanah.
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Kaur, Mandeep, and Samriti Kapoor. "Adoption of Basel norms: a review of empirical evidences." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 23, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 271–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-02-2014-0010.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine diverse literature available worldwide on the Basel norms readiness and risk management by thoroughly analyzing the empirical studies of past 13 years, i.e. from 2001 to 2013. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach has been used to analyze and compare the main findings as well as applicability of the research papers. Hence, by using an interpretive and critical approach through content analysis of the studies reviewed, the important measures, i.e. objectives, research methodology, sample size, respondents’ profile and significant findings, have been reported. Findings – The study attempted to understand the trend of various research aspects prevailing in the field of banking industry related to the implementation of Basel norms. The content analysis of the reviewed studies demonstrated varied level of preparedness of banks in different countries, at different periods with regard to Basel norms. However, over time, awareness and compliance with Basel norms have increased in almost every part of the world. These studies also highlighted the benefits of Basel norm compliance by banks, such as more proactive portfolio management, forward-looking risk management, improved operational efficiency and better risk appetite. Further, data acquisition, data reporting, lack of prerequisite human resources, training and education, scarce resources and disclosure requirements were reported to be major challenges by most of the studies. Originality/value – As there are relatively few studies providing a comprehensive review of literature in this area, this study builds up a strong conceptual framework for the researchers by examining the vast literature on Basel norms and risk management in banks.
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Brooks, Rheannon, Trisalyn Nelson, Krista Amolins, and G. Brent Hall. "Semi-Automated Building Footprint Extraction From Orthophotos." GEOMATICA 69, no. 2 (June 2015): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5623/cig2015-206.
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Here we describe and apply a semi-automated, object-based method for extracting vector-building footprint polygons from aerial photographs (orthophotos) within urban settings. The approach integrates the use of high resolution orthophotos and image segmentation software and is compared with methods using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) as the source data input. LiDAR data gives the best results with less processing, but is not widely used by municipalities due to the expense. Results from semi-automated image segmentation of the orthophotos showed a high accuracy between extracted building segments and reference building footprints for two study sites, comparable to those achieved using LiDAR data. We recommend image acquisition during summer months with a resolution of 10 cm by 10 cm. When data acquisition budgets are limited, combining ancillary GIS on roads with a semi-automated and object-based segmentation approach is a best practice strategy for land cover feature extraction and change quantification.
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Privitera, Riccardo, and Daniele La Rosa. "Reducing Seismic Vulnerability and Energy Demand of Cities through Green Infrastructure." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 2591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082591.
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Historically, urbanization processes in Italy resulted in built environments with high levels of seismic vulnerability, low energy efficiency and a lack of green spaces. The latter represent the main providers of ecosystem services in cities and play a relevant role in reducing the effects of climate change by the regulation of microclimate and urban heat islands that are responsible for building energy consumption. Despite their importance in providing ecosystem services, the implementation of green infrastructure challenges limited financial resources for the public acquisition of private plots. This paper proposes a strategy to implement an urban green infrastructure aimed at generating a double positive effect on cities by triggering seismic retrofitting and the reduction of cooling energy demand of the existing urban fabric. This is proposed through a transfer of development rights program where landowners gain economic incentives to adopt seismic retrofitting interventions and, at the same time, public administrations implement the green infrastructure in the portion of areas transferred to the municipality. The energy efficiency of buildings closer to the green infrastructure, therefore, benefits from the cooling effects of this new greenery. The strategy is tested under different scenarios of acquisition of private land by public administrations in the metropolitan area of Catania (Italy).
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Greiving, Stefan, Juan Du, and Wiriya Puntub. "Managed Retreat — A Strategy for the Mitigation of Disaster Risks with International and Comparative Perspectives." Journal of Extreme Events 05, no. 02n03 (September 2018): 1850011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345737618500112.
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Currently, potentials of spatial planning in disaster risk mitigation have not yet been fully tapped, especially in the context of managed retreat regarding both inhabitants and infrastructure in hazard prone areas. Retreat as a development opportunity in adjusting spatial patterns, diverging urban growth, reducing risks in pre- and post-disasters, achieving urban resilience and “Build Back Better” is undervalued. Besides little success achieved so far, there is a lack of context-specific lessons learnt, particularly in how to prioritize planned retreat. In this paper we attempt to investigate potential barriers, challenges and opportunities of disaster risk-related retreat in both developing and developed countries. Using several country studies, we review and categorise retreat strategies in different development settings and disaster contexts and highlight comparative discussions of both reactive and proactive retreat strategies. We argue that managed retreat can be an effective spatial resilience strategy in disaster mitigation. We propose to examine success factors of retreat, its indicators and criteria, a balance with on-site upgrading and an application of retreat typologies. We emphasise critical aspects including the enhancement of institutional capacity in risk governance, the adoption of legally binding hazard maps and hazard-controlled land use, especially prior to disasters. We vote for embedding of affordable housing with planned retreat schemes and sustaining resettlement sites with viable livelihood strategies, and finally monitoring and evaluating impacts of retreat schemes along with urban development and livelihood performance. We also emphasise community-driven retreat strategies with participation mechanism to ensure inhabitants’ concerns in retreat planning processes to its local context.
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Zhao, Shuming, Yan Liu, and Lulu Zhou. "How does a boundaryless mindset enhance expatriate job performance? The mediating role of proactive resource acquisition tactics and the moderating role of behavioural cultural intelligence." International Journal of Human Resource Management 31, no. 10 (November 2, 2016): 1333–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1253033.
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Achmad, Fikri Ariza, and Irham Zaki. "IMPLEMENTASI WAKAF ISTIBDAL DALAM PEMBEBASAN LAHAN PEMBANGUNAN JALAN TOL (Studi Kasus Pembangunan Jalan Tol Surabaya-Mojokerto)." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 6, no. 9 (January 17, 2020): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol6iss20199pp1924-1935.
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The background of this research is the existence of massive infrastructure development by the government, one of which is the construction of the Surabaya-Mojokerto Toll Road. The construction process of the Surabaya-Mojokerto Toll Road passes through the land and buildings owned by residents, and including to waqf land. One of the waqf land affected by the construction process of the Surabaya-Mojokerto Toll Road is the Sabilun Najah Mosque. This phenomenon encourages researchers to raise research that discusses how the waqf istibdal process, both in terms of changes in waqf assets and in the administration process of licensing. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data collection is done through interview techniques with relevant parties and related documents. The data analysis technique used is making explanations. The results of this study indicate that the process of changing the waqf assets of the Sabilun Najah Mosque runs in accordance with statutory procedures. The waqf istibdal process consists of the process of changing the waqf property and the licensing administrative process. The process of changing waqf property consists of planning, implementation, coordination between toll management and nazir, searching for replacement land, replacing land replacement processes, and the process of building a new mosque. The second process consists of a licensing process that starts from nazir, the Office of the Ministry of Religion Sidoarjo Regency, and the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of East Java.Keywords: implementation, waqf, waqf istibdal, mosque, land acquisition, toll road, Surabaya-Mojokerto Toll Road
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Scurrah, Fiona E., and Doug W. Schindler. "Towards a Manitoba Hydro boreal woodland caribou strategy: Outcomes from Manitoba Hydro boreal woodland caribou workshop." Rangifer 32, no. 2 (March 8, 2012): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.32.2.2259.
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Manitoba Hydro is responsible for the continued supply of energy to meet the needs of the province and is committed to protecting the environment when planning the construction and operation of its facilities. Corporate policy dictates ongoing improvement of Environmental Management Systems (EMS) in order to meet or surpass regulatory requirements. Environmental objectives are reviewed annually and programs are modified when necessary to address improvements in environmental performance. Manitoba Hydro plans and constructs major transmission projects throughout northern Manitoba which includes areas occupied by boreal woodland caribou. In recognition of the potential issues associated with hydro transmission construction in boreal caribou range, Manitoba Hydro hosted an expert workshop on May 8, 2007 to provide objective advice in the development of a draft corporate strategy that effectively directs targeted monitoring and research for environmental assessment and mitigation. The workshop focused on assessing the potential threats to boreal woodland caribou from a transmission line construction and operation perspective, and identifying appropriate approaches in site selection and environmental assessment (SSEA) and long-term monitoring and research. A total of nine threat categories were reviewed to determine the degree and magnitude of potential effects that may result from transmission construction and operation; and of the original nine, five final threat categories were delineated. The main elements of the workshop provided strategic approaches for proactive pre-construction monitoring, research on recruitment and mortality for local populations impacted by ROWs and control areas, and various habitat monitoring, management, and mitigation techniques. Research and monitoring priorities have been identified and continued collaboration with Manitoba Conservation and other land users were also identified.
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Liu, Yongwei, Xiaoshu Cao, and Tao Li. "Influence of Accessibility on Land Use and Landscape Pattern Based on Mapping Knowledge Domains: Review and Implications." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (July 18, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7985719.
Full textAbstract:
Research on the influence of accessibility on land use and landscape patterns is one of the most important subfields in landscape ecology and transportation geography. In this review article, we use CiteSpace and VOSviewer to analyze relevant information, including the number of published papers, highly cited literature, high-frequency keywords, periodicals, and the leading countries conducting research on this particular field. Based on the mapping knowledge domain theory and summarizing method, this research, using an extensive review of the existing literature to analyze the influence of accessibility on land use and landscape patterns, the following conclusions have been reached: first, most of the relevant studies are conducted by applying theories on landscape ecology rather than on transportation geography, and the measure index of accessibility is relatively simple. Second, while accessibility has played a key role in analyzing the interactions between transportation, land use, and landscape patterns, studies on the long-term effect of transportation on land use and land patterns are extremely important. Also, different road types have been found to impose different effects. Third, research on the functional landscape in inner cities has become a significant research focus, particularly with the progress in big data. And fourth, improvements in data acquisition and processing have greatly benefited the field, specifically with recent advancements in GIS and RS technology. However, studies on landscape patterns with regional perspectives have largely been insufficient, especially those conducted over long time scales.
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Heincke, Bjoern, Alan G. Green, Jan van der Kruk, and Heinrich Horstmeyer. "Acquisition and processing strategies for 3D georadar surveying a region characterized by rugged topography." GEOPHYSICS 70, no. 6 (November 2005): K53—K61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2122414.
Full textAbstract:
Efficiently performing 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR or georadar) surveys across rugged terrain and then processing the resultant data are challenging tasks. Conventional approaches using unconnected GPR and topographic surveying equipment are excessively time consuming for such environments, and special migration schemes may be required to produce meaningful images. We have collected GPR data across an unstable craggy mountain slope in the Swiss Alps using a novel acquisition system that records GPR and coincident coordinate information simultaneously. Undulating topography (dips of 8° to 16°) and boulders with diameters up to about 2 m complicated the field campaign. After standard processing, the data were found to be plagued by time shifts associated with minor coordinate inaccuracies, uneven antenna-ground coupling, and numerous small gaps in data coverage. These problems were resolved by passing the data sequentially through an adaptive f-xy deconvolution routine and f-[Formula: see text] and f-[Formula: see text] filters. This filtering also reduced incoherent noise. Finally, the data were migrated using a 3D algorithm that accounted for the undulating topography. The nonmigrated and migrated images contained gently and moderately dipping reflections from lithological boundaries and actively opening fracture zones. A suite of prominent diffraction patterns was generated at a steeply dipping fracture zone that projected to the surface. Through this case history we introduce a general strategy for 3D GPR studies of topographically rugged land.
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Rabe, Wiebke, Genia Kostka, and Sabrina Habich-Sobiegalla. "Socio-Economic Development and Infrastructure Cost Performance in China: Comparing Transport and Energy Sectors." Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 49, no. 2 (August 2020): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1868102621990666.
Full textAbstract:
Socio-economic development is often linked to efficient infrastructure provision. In China, the government has rolled out ambitious infrastructure projects as part of its national development strategy. There is much to praise about China’s infrastructure provision, such as its remarkable scale and speed of infrastructure delivery. However, based on studying 153 infrastructure cases between 1983 and 2018 and two in-depth case studies, we find that China’s infrastructure performance is not as positive as often assumed. We show that infrastructure projects continuously arrive significantly over budget. We argue that this cost performance depends – similar to Western countries – on inaccurately anticipating technical hindrances and geographical challenges. In addition, however, we identify another important and so far less discussed project performance determinant specifically relevant to the Chinese context: population resettlements and land acquisition.
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Dewi, Eny. "STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN PAJAK DAERAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) KOTA BANJARMASIN." At-Taradhi: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi 8, no. 1 (October 6, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/at-taradhi.v8i1.1517.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the effectiveness, efficiency and strategy of local tax management to increase the local receipt (PAD). The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The result of the research shows that the 2011-2015 average of effectiveness ratio of Banjarmasin City Local Tax is included in very effective category, so also efficiency ratio is in very efficient category. In detail the Local Taxes by type belonging to very effective categories include Hotel Tax, Restaurant Tax, Street Lighting Tax, Parking Tax, and Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-PP). Fairly effective categories include Entertainment Tax and Advertising Tax, less effective category is a BPHTB tax, while the Swallow's Nest Tax is an ineffective category. Overall efficiency averages fall into the most efficient category, except the Tax on Land and Building Acquisition (BPHTB) and Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-PP) which fall into the efficient category. Strategies to increase Local Receipt (PAD) are 1) to socialize and publicize services and public awareness of the importance of Local Taxes 2) Increase the use of better information technology so as to increase the capability in validation of tax potentials and levies more valid, 3) Simplify the bureaucratic stage and increase online services in terms of tax payments so as to attract public interest to pay taxes.Keyword: Local Receipt, Local Tax, Effectiveness Ratio, Efficiency Ratio