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Journal articles on the topic 'Probabilities – textbooks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Norton, Robert M. "Determining Probabilities by Examining Underlying Structure." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 7, no. 2 (2001): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.7.2.0078.

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One way of grabbing students' interest in probability is to present the rules of a game of chance, ask them whether the game is fair, and have them use their intuition to give a ballpark estimate of the probability of winning. The issue of fairness can be counted on to arouse the interest of many students, and fairness of games is a topic that has found its way into textbooks (see, e.g., Chapin et al. [1994]). Having students commit to an answer helps to arouse and sustain their interest because they want to see whether their intuition is correct. Students also learn that giving an impulsive,

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2

Ishibashi, Ippo. "Analyzing experimental and theoretical probabilities in Japanese 7th and 8th grade textbooks." International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education 17, no. 3 (2022): em0690. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/iejme/12061.

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Livni-Alcasid, Gur, Michal Haskel-Ittah, and Anat Yarden. "As Symbol as That: Inconsistencies in Symbol Systems of Alleles in Textbooks, and Students’ Justifications for Them." Education Sciences 8, no. 3 (2018): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci8030110.

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In genetics education, symbols are used for alleles to visualize them and to explain probabilities of progeny and inheritance paradigms. In this study, we identified symbol systems used in genetics textbooks and the justifications provided for changes in the symbol systems. Moreover, we wanted to understand how students justify the use of different symbol systems when solving genetics problems. We analyzed eight textbooks from three different countries worldwide. We then presented a genetics problem to eight 9th-grade students and probed their justifications for the use of different symbol sys

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Zorzos, Michael, and Evgenios Avgerinos. "Research on visualization in probability problem solving." Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 19, no. 4 (2023): em2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/13066.

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The importance of visual representations in education and mathematics is well known. Probabilities are a domain in mathematics that uses many visual representations since their theory consists of a variety of diagrams and graphs. In the past, many studies have shown that the use of various representations in teaching probabilities can greatly improve learning. Of course, the use of a visual representation or a visual tool when teaching or solving an exercise can have a variety of roles. The present work is based on the ancillary and informative role of the image. The following research examine

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Rico, Nuria, and Juan F. Ruiz-Hidalgo. "Errors concerning Statistics and Probability in Spanish Secondary School Textbooks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (2022): 12719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412719.

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Textbooks are considered essential, providing a hierarchical organisation of knowledge, forging the intellectual scaffolding of students and teachers alike, and playing a crucial role in compulsory education. In this paper we discuss, by means of a content analysis, the systematic errors detected in the presentation of questions related to statistics and probability in Spanish secondary school textbooks on mathematics. We found some errors appear systematically in the texts, and the most common are: faulty differentiation between quantitative and qualitative variables, between discrete and con

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Naidu, Jaideep T., and John F. Sanford. "Teaching Basic Probability In Undergraduate Statistics Or Management Science Courses." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 10, no. 1 (2016): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v10i1.9850.

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Standard textbooks in core Statistics and Management Science classes present various examples to introduce basic probability concepts to undergraduate business students. These include tossing of a coin, throwing a die, and examples of that nature. While these are good examples to introduce basic probability, we use improvised versions of Russian Roulette and found these to be very effective in communicating important concepts in probability to our business school students. We use these modified versions of Russian Roulette to communicate concepts such as dependent event, joint probabilities an

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Tamimi, Abdul. "Uses of Mathematics Textbooks for Grade (4-8) as Per Basic Concepts and Questions Levels in TIMSS Test: A Study Conducted in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Schools." Journal of Education and Learning 7, no. 3 (2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n3p259.

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This study tried to explore the degree of representation of math textbooks for grades (4-8) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia concerning the key concepts, shape, and levels of questions used in the TIMSS test. The study population of this study includes both students and teachers from fourth grade to eighth grade. The goal of this study was associated with six key concepts including numbers and their operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, statistics and probability, and a pro-rata. The researcher analyzed the questions and exercises used in the math textbooks to identify their effectiveness

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Kim, Hyuk Joo. "A Study on Computing Sample Quantiles of Discrete Probability Distributions." Korean Data Analysis Society 26, no. 1 (2024): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2024.26.1.175.

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In this paper, we studied the methods of computing sample quantiles for the case of discrete probability distributions. There are two main methods which are introduced in statistics textbooks. We compared these two methods by simulation from practical and educational necessity. We considered some cases of Poisson, binomial, geometric, negative binomial, and discrete uniform distributions by setting up the parameters, and for each distribution we performed 10,000 times of simulation of drawing random samples of size 20 and 50. At each time of simulation, we computed the difference between the p

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Blevins, Jason R., and Garrett T. Senney. "Dynamic selection and distributional bounds on search costs in dynamic unit‐demand models." Quantitative Economics 10, no. 3 (2019): 891–929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/qe728.

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This paper develops a dynamic model of consumer search that, despite placing very little structure on the dynamic problem faced by consumers, allows us to exploit intertemporal variation in price distributions to estimate the distribution from which consumer search costs are initially drawn. We show that static approaches to estimating this distribution may suffer from dynamic sample selection bias. This can happen if consumers are forward‐looking and delay their purchases in a way that systematically depends on their individual search costs. We consider identification of the population search

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10

Ikwunze, Kenneth Chibueze, and Chimaobi Kingsley Ihunwo. "Developing Maintenance Optimization Model to Manage Oil and Gas Equipment: A Case Study." Engineering Research Journal 4, no. 9 (2024): 21–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13892398.

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<em>Maintenance optimization models are mathematical models whose aim is to find the optimal balance between the costs and benefits of maintenance, while taking all kinds of constraints into account. Oil and gas equipment will be managed efficiently if models for predicting maintenance intervals existed. This research presents a solution to this problem; where, with information such as cost and life span of oil and gas equipment, the maintenance interval can be predicted. </em><em>The aim of the research was to develop maintenance model that will be used to effectively manage oil and gas equip

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Zhao, Daniel, and David M. Thompson. "Choosing Statistical Models to Assess Biological Interaction as a Departure from Additivity of Effects." Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health 18, no. 1 (2023): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2282-0930/20180.

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Vanderweele and Knol define biological interaction as an instance wherein “two exposures physically interact to bring about the outcome.” A hallmark of biological interaction is that the total effect, produced when factors act together, differs from the sum of effects when the factors operate independently. Epidemiologists construct statistical models to assess biological interaction. The form of the statistical model determines whether it is suited to detecting departures from additivity of effects or for detecting departures from multiplicativity of effects. A consensus exists that biologica

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Mandasari, Dewi Septiani. "PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PKN KELAS V YANG BERORENTASI PADA PENDEKATAN CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI SDN LERPAK 3 BANGKALAN." Jurnal Review Pendidikan Dasar : Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Hasil Penelitian 5, no. 2 (2019): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jrpd.v5n2.p1003-1008.

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ABSTRACTThis research is development with the aim of (1) developing social studies textbook VSD CTL-ariented appoarch in order to improve student learning outcomes,(2) determine the fasibility of fifth grade social studies textbook oriented appoarch to CTL, (3) determine student’s mastery of learning outcomes by using social studies textbook oriented approach CTL. Based on the descriptive analysis shows that the process of textbook development has been carried out according to the stages proposed thiagarajan and has been modified so that the researcher ends at the development stage. Textbooks

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Zurek, Wojciech Hubert. "Quantum Theory of the Classical: Einselection, Envariance, Quantum Darwinism and Extantons." Entropy 24, no. 11 (2022): 1520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24111520.

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Core quantum postulates including the superposition principle and the unitarity of evolutions are natural and strikingly simple. I show that—when supplemented with a limited version of predictability (captured in the textbook accounts by the repeatability postulate)—these core postulates can account for all the symptoms of classicality. In particular, both objective classical reality and elusive information about reality arise, via quantum Darwinism, from the quantum substrate. This approach shares with the Relative State Interpretation of Everett the view that collapse of the wavepacket refle

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Malovichko, Tetiana. "Evolution of teaching the probability theory based on textbook by V. P. Ermakov." History of science and technology 11, no. 2 (2021): 300–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2021-11-2-300-314.

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The paper is devoted to the study of what changes the course of the probability theory has undergone from the end of the 19th century to our time based on the analysis of The Theory of Probabilities textbook by Vasyl P. Ermakov published in 1878. In order to show the competence of the author of this textbook, his biography and creative development of V. P. Ermakov, a famous mathematician, Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, have been briefly reviewed. He worked at the Department of Pure Mathematics at Kyiv University, where he received the title of Honored Professor

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15

Lanari, Jacopo, Silvia Caregari, Ilaria Billato, et al. "Textbook Outcome of Laparoscopic Microwave Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Cancers 15, no. 2 (2023): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15020436.

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In the context of spreading interest in textbook outcome (TO) evaluation in different fields, we aimed to investigate an uncharted procedure, that is, laparoscopic microwave ablation (MWA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Absence of post-MWA complications, a hospital stay of three days, no mortality nor readmission within 30 days, and complete response of the target lesion at post-MWA CT scan defined TO achievement. Patients treated between January 2014 and March 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and of the 521 patients eligible for the study, 337 (64.7%) fulfilled all the quality indicat

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16

Begolli, Kreshnik Nasi, Ting Dai, Kelly M. McGinn, and Julie L. Booth. "Could probability be out of proportion? Self-explanation and example-based practice help students with lower proportional reasoning skills learn probability." Instructional Science 49, no. 4 (2021): 441–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11251-021-09550-9.

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AbstractProportional reasoning failures seem to constitute most errors in probabilistic reasoning, yet there is little empirical evidence about its role for attaining probabilistic knowledge and how to effectively intervene with students who have less proportional reasoning skills. We examined the contributions of students' proportional reasoning skill and example-based practice when learning about probabilities from a reformed seventh grade curriculum. Teachers in their regular classrooms were randomly assigned to instruct with a reformed textbook (control) or a version revised to incorporate

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17

Saporta, Gilbert, and Gilles Stoltz. "Gilbert Saporta : un parcours éclectique Analyse, fouille, science des données. Entretien." Statistique et société 8, no. 1 (2020): 37–53. https://doi.org/10.3406/staso.2020.1113.

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Gilbert Saporta : An eclectic career – Data analysis, data mining, data science. Gilbert Saporta is an emeritus professor at CNAM (Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers). His main research themes were around data analysis. In this interview, he first recalls the French statistical community in the late 1960s and early 1970s. His best-selling textbook “ Probabilités, analyse des données et statistique” (Probability theory, data analysis and statistics, published in 1980) is then an opportunity to study the semantic evolution of the concept of data analysis to data science via data mining.

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18

Franke, Reiner. "Pure Harrodian dynamics: heterogeneous expectations and the loss of three established propositions." Review of Keynesian Economics 11, no. 3 (2023): 290–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/roke.2023.03.02.

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Within the narrow but convenient framework of a pure Harrodian dynamics, the paper sheds new light on the macroeconomic textbook modelling with normal utilization in the steady state and the problem of Harrodian instability. To this end, it introduces interacting heterogeneity in the firms’ expectations about future demand. Specifically, the individual firms switch randomly between an optimistic and a pessimistic growth rate, where in the Harrodian spirit the transition probabilities vary with the utilization gap. Unlike the original aggregate analysis, this agent-based approach gives rise to

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19

Doras, Guillaume, Yann Teytaut, and Axel Roebel. "A Linear Memory CTC-Based Algorithm for Text-to-Voice Alignment of Very Long Audio Recordings." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (2023): 1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031854.

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Synchronisation of a voice recording with the corresponding text is a common task in speech and music processing, and is used in many practical applications (automatic subtitling, audio indexing, etc.). A common approach derives a mid-level feature from the audio and finds its alignment to the text by means of maximizing a similarity measure via Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). Recently, a Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) approach was proposed that directly emits character probabilities and uses those to find the optimal text-to-voice alignment. While this method yields promising results

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20

Pylypchuk, Oleh, Oleh Strelko, and Yuliia Berdnychenko. "PREFACE." History of science and technology 11, no. 2 (2021): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2021-11-2-271-273.

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The issue of the journal opens with an article dedicated to the formation of metrology as government regulated activity in France. The article has discussed the historical process of development of metrological activity in France. It was revealed that the history of metrology is considered as an auxiliary historical and ethnographic discipline from a social and philosophical point of view as the evolution of scientific approaches to the definition of individual units of physical quantities and branches of metrology. However, in the scientific literature, the little attention is paid to the pro

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21

Baumanns, Lukas, and Benjamin Rott. "Problem posing in curriculum standards and primary school textbooks in Germany." Asian Journal for Mathematics Education, June 4, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1177/27527263251346205.

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Although problem posing is rarely mentioned in the German primary school curriculum, it is recognized as a valuable mathematical activity that requires students to formulate and solve their own problems. However, little is known about how problem-posing tasks are integrated into mathematics textbooks, potentially limiting their effective use in classrooms. This study addresses this gap by analyzing the presence of problem posing in German educational standards and the integration of problem-posing tasks in two widely used German textbooks, Das Zahlenbuch , and Welt der Zahl , across Grades 1–4

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22

Dr., Abdul Rehman Al-Tamimi. "The Use of Mathematics School Textbooks for Grade (4- 8) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Study of the Basic Concepts and Questions Levels in TIMSS Test." January 31, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1039806.

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This study tried to explore the degree of representation of math textbooks for grades (4-8) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia concerning the key concepts, shape, and levels of questions used in the TIMSS test. The study population of this study includes both students and teachers from fourth grade to eighth grade. The goal of this study was associated with six key concepts including numbers and their operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, statistics and probability, and a pro-rata. The researcher analyzed the questions and exercises used in the math textbooks to identify their effectiveness

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23

Ramshaw, John D. "The classical microcanonical ensemble: covariant reformulation and application to small systems." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 481, no. 2318 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2025.0235.

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The microcanonical ensemble is the cornerstone of classical equilibrium statistical mechanics. In spite of its apparent simplicity, its precise mathematical formulation is non-trivial and requires a critical analysis of certain subtle conceptual issues that are rarely discussed in textbooks. These issues include (i) the relation between microstates and volumes in phase space, (ii) covariance with respect to non-canonical transformations, (iii) the dynamical basis for the hypothesis of equal a priori probabilities, and (iv) ambiguity as to the proper general expressions for temperature and entr

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Chong, Yosep, Nishant Thakur, Ji Young Lee, et al. "Diagnosis prediction of tumours of unknown origin using ImmunoGenius, a machine learning-based expert system for immunohistochemistry profile interpretation." Diagnostic Pathology 16, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13000-021-01081-8.

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Abstract Background Immunohistochemistry (IHC) remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of pathological diseases. This technique has been supporting pathologists in making precise decisions regarding differential diagnosis and subtyping, and in creating personalized treatment plans. However, the interpretation of IHC results presents challenges in complicated cases. Furthermore, rapidly increasing amounts of IHC data are making it even harder for pathologists to reach to definitive conclusions. Methods We developed ImmunoGenius, a machine-learning-based expert system for the pathologist, to

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25

"Book Reviews." Journal of Economic Literature 48, no. 1 (2010): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.48.1.146.r5.

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Barton L. Lipman of Boston University reviews “Theory of Decision under Uncertainty” by Itzhak Gilboa,. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins “Textbook for a graduate-level class in decision under uncertainty examines the classical axiomatic theories of decision under uncertainty and considers critiques and alternative theories. Discusses motivating examples; free will and determinism; the principle of indifference; relative frequencies; subjective probabilities; a case study; the role of theories; von Neumann-Morgenstern’s theorem; De Finetti’s theorem; Savage’s theorem; the defini

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26

Conlon, lorcan, Angus Walsh, Hua Yuhan, et al. "Testing the postulates of quantum mechanics with coherent states of light and homodyne detection." New Journal of Physics, April 23, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad4203.

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Abstract Quantum mechanics has withstood every experimental test thus far. However, it relies on ad-hoc postulates which require experimental verification. Over the past decade there has been a great deal of research testing these postulates, with numerous tests of Born’s rule for determining probabilities and the complex nature of the Hilbert space being carried out. Although these tests are yet to reveal any significant deviation from textbook quantum theory, it remains important to conduct such tests in different configurations and using different quantum states. Here we perform the first s

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27

"Applying Multiple Regression Analyses to Compare the Regression Predicted and Originally Calculated CVD/Stroke Risk Probabilities Using Medical Condition and Lifestyle Detail Scores as Inputs over a 10-year Period for a type 2 Diabetes Patient Based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 546)." Journal of Applied Material Science & Engineering Research 5, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/jamser.05.04.14.

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In the author’s previous medical research reports, he mainly applied physics theories, engineering models, mathematical equations, computer big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, as well as some statistical approaches to explore and interpret various biophysical phenomena. However, the majority of medical research papers he has read thus far are primarily based on statistics. As a result, in this article, he selects some basic statistical tools, such as correlation, variance, p-values, and multiple regression analyses, to study the predicted CVD/Stroke risk probability

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Lof, Sanne, Linda Claassen, Gerjon Hannink, et al. "Learning Curves of Minimally Invasive Distal Pancreatectomy in Experienced Pancreatic Centers." JAMA Surgery, June 28, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2023.2279.

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ImportanceUnderstanding the learning curve of a new complex surgical technique helps to reduce potential patient harm. Current series on the learning curve of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) are mostly small, single-center series, thus providing limited data.ObjectiveTo evaluate the length of pooled learning curves of MIDP in experienced centers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included MIDP procedures performed from January 1, 2006, through June 30, 2019, in 26 European centers from 8 countries that each performed mor

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"Applying Linear Regression Analysis Model to Compare the Outputs of 3 Regression Predicted CVD/Stroke Risk Probabilities Using 3 Different Inputs Which are the Calculated Sensor HbA1C value over 14-Months, Combined Medical Condition Score Months, and Calculated Finger HbA1C over an 8-Year Period from the Collected Data of a type 2 Diabetes Patient Based on GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 557)." Journal of Applied Material Science & Engineering Research 5, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/jamser.05.04.05.

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Since 1/1/2012, the author has been collecting various biomedical and lifestyle of ~3 million data related to his health conditions. This includes the medical categories for 4 chronic diseases of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia (m1 through m4), along with 6 categories of lifestyle details, including exercise, water intake, sleep, stress, food, and daily life routines (m6 through m10). In early 2018, he studied, researched, and published many articles regarding the risks of having CVD/Stroke based on his developed metabolism index (MI) model. In this paper, he will compare t

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