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Journal articles on the topic 'Probe materiale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Odagiu, Iurie. "Colectarea mostrelor pentru cercetare comparativă: aspecte procesuale și de tactică criminalistică." LEGEA ŞI VIAŢA=LAW AND LIFE=ЗАКОН И ЖИЗНЬ . 4, 2024 (February 26, 2025): 40–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14930166.

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Articolul se referă la importanța mostrelor pentru cercetarea comparativă în cadrul procesului penal, subliniind rolul acestora în identificarea persoanelor și obiectelor implicate în infracțiuni. Mostrele sunt definite ca obiecte utilizate pentru compararea cu probele materiale, având scopul de a stabili legătura între suspect și fapta comisă. Deși nu sunt probe materiale în sensul tradițional, mostrele au un statut procesual independent și contribuie semnificativ la clarificarea circumstanțelor cazului. În articol se evidențiază distincția într

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2

Simion, Corina Anca, Maria Loredana Marin, Elena Alexandra Ispas, Cristian Mǎnǎilescu, Alexandru Rǎzvan Petre, and Eugen S. Teodor. "Datarea radiocarbon a unor probe de lemn şi derivaţi din lemn, ca urmare a unor tratamente termice. Un punct de vedere arheometric asupra unor eşantioane de la Mǎguricea Branului." Cercetări Arheologice 30, no. 2 (2023): 725–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46535/ca.30.2.18.

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Datarea radiocarbon prin metoda spectrometriei de masǎ cu ioni acceleraţi AMS, folositǎ din 2012 la IFIN-HH Mǎgurele, a oferit recent cadrul ştiinţific pentru un studiu interdisciplinar, atât din punct de vedere arheologic cât şi arheometric, aplicat unor materiale din lemn sau derivaţi ai lemnului. Primele rezultate radiocarbon calibrate obţinute pe şase eşantioane prelevate la Mǎguricea Branului în 2021 au plasat majoritatea probelor într-un interval în jurul secolului al XIII-lea, unele diferenţe putând fi explicate pe baza unor parametri ce sunt prezentaţi în acest articol. Cele patru prob

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3

HASEGAWA, SHUJI, ICHIRO SHIRAKI, FUHITO TANABE, et al. "ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION THROUGH SURFACE SUPERSTRUCTURES MEASURED BY MICROSCOPIC FOUR-POINT PROBES." Surface Review and Letters 10, no. 06 (2003): 963–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x03005736.

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For in-situ measurements of the local electrical conductivity of well-defined crystal surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum, we have developed two kinds of microscopic four-point probe methods. One involves a "four-tip STM prober," in which four independently driven tips of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) are used for measurements of four-point probe conductivity. The probe spacing can be changed from 500 nm to 1 mm. The other method involves monolithic micro-four-point probes, fabricated on silicon chips, whose probe spacing is fixed around several μm. These probes are installed in scanning-elec

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4

Ramadi, Khalil B., and Michael J. Cima. "Materials and Devices for Micro-invasive Neural Interfacing." MRS Advances 4, no. 51-52 (2019): 2805–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.424.

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ABSTRACTThere is widespread research and popular interest in developing micro-invasive neural interfacing modalities. An increasing variety of probes have been developed and reported in the literature. Newer, smaller probes show significant benefit over larger ones in reducing tissue damage and scarring. A different set of obstacles arise, however, as probes become smaller. These include reliable insertion and robustness. This review articulates the impact of various design parameters (material, geometry, size) on probe insertion mechanisms, chronic viability, and glial scarring. We highlight

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5

GÖRGÜN, Emre. "Investigation of the Effect of Ultrasonic Inspection Probe Diameters on Impact Echo Value." Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 1 (2022): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.1077386.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the pulse echo value of the probes used in the ultrasonic examination method. Ultrasonic inspection method is known as one of the non-destructive inspection methods. Thanks to this method, discontinuities in the material can be detected without damaging the material to be examined. It works with the principle of sending the sound waves produced by piezoelectric materials to the material surface and reading the sound waves coming reversibly. As the general working principle, sound frequencies are used in the ranges that the human

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6

Sun, Chuang, Yang Zhao, Xian De Yue, and Xin Lin Xia. "Sensitivity Analysis of Sensor Probe for Low Thermal Diffusivity Properties Measurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.364.

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Single probe and dual probes are always taken adopt to measure the material's thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity. The measurement principle of the two kinds of probes is different and introduced in this article. Taken the material which has low thermal diffusivity for example, the single probe and dual probes are compared by the calculation accuracy and temperature response sensitivity. Numerical simulation results show that, under the same conditions, the thermal properties obtained by the dual probes are closer to the true value for the test material, but single probe has more sens

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7

Wang, Zheng, Ji Ma, Changlin Li, and Haichang Zhang. "Conjugated Aggregation-Induced Fluorescent Materials for Biofluorescent Probes: A Review." Biosensors 13, no. 2 (2023): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13020159.

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The common fluorescent conjugated materials present weak or quenching luminescent phenomena in the solid or aggregate state (ACQ), which limits their applications in medicine and biology. In the last two decades, certain materials, named aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorescent materials, have exhibited strong luminescent properties in the aggregate state, which can overcome the ACQ phenomenon. Due to their intrinsic properties, the AIE materials have been successfully used in biolabeling, where they can not only detect the species of ions and their concentrations in organisms, but can a

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8

Chang, Ming Kuen, Hua Sui Sun, and Jyun Cang Ciou. "Applying Ultrasonic Testing to Detect Hole Defect Near the Surface." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 2054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.2054.

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During materials manufacturing process will cause defects occasionally, if the defects located at near surface of material where the testing is not easy to implement. When the defects was stress by outside loading, it will grow up even become fracture, if the material apply ultrasonic testing then can increase material security to ensure structural safety. Practice material defect shape is variable and need complex product procedure. In this study, using wire cutting method to make practice defects specimen instead of the real flaws material, the specimen was made of medium carbon steel and al

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9

Uhrmacher, Michael. "Can PAC Measurements be Used to Investigate Defects in Nano-Structures?" Defect and Diffusion Forum 311 (March 2011): 105–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.311.105.

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The PAC-technique always claims to test the micro-surrounding of the probe atoms. Typically, the samples are macroscopic and more or less homogeneous and there is no debate about the usefulness of the method: substitutional sites, trapped vacancies or phase transitions are easily seen. Even the PAC-“fingerprint” of an amorphous material is known. In case of inhomogeneous samples, perhaps made out of different constituents, the question arises whether the PAC can contribute to the understanding of such materials or not. The article will show the different ways to introduce the probe atoms into

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10

Schneider, Jeffrey M., and Dante Fratta. "Time-domain reflectometry — parametric study for the evaluation of physical properties in soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 7 (2009): 753–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-018.

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Time-domain reflectometry (TDR) has become a commonly used method in geotechnical engineering to measure the volumetric water content and electrical conductivity in soils. The ability of TDR to accurately determine soil properties depends on the proper understanding of the parameters that affect the propagation of an electromagnetic pulse along the TDR waveguide. The purpose of this paper is to document a parametric study and analyses aimed at gaining a better understanding of TDR measurements and to evaluate the limits in the measurement technique. A parametric study on TDR signals was perfor

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11

Demura, Kazuya, Satoru Hirose, and Tohru Ihara. "Effect of Material Type and Tip Radius of AFM Probes on Nanosheets Groove Machining Accuracy." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.835.

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This paper presents results of groove machining of potassium niobate nanosheets using an atomic force microscope (AFM). Groove machining operations are performed using recently developed diamond coating (DC) and super sharp silicon (sss) probes. The results obtained using these probes are compared to results obtained using a conventional silicon (Si) probe in order to examine the effects of the material type and the tip radius of the AFM probe on groove machining accuracy.

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Wu, Meixian, Dongli Zhang, and Chuanglong Wang. "A new eddy current probe with deep penetrating field trajectories for the inspection of deep cracks in metal materials." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 62, no. 7 (2020): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2020.62.7.402.

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The detectability of deep cracks in metal materials is an important performance index of eddy current probes. However, because of the limitations of the skin effect of eddy currents, it is difficult to obtain deep crack information in materials using an ordinary probe. This paper proposes a new probe with deep penetrating field trajectories for the inspection of deep cracks. To optimise its performance, contributions of the coil radius, the pick-up position and the excitation frequency to penetration depth of eddy currents are studied. The results show that the capability of the new probe in t

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13

Kalinin, Sergei. "Measuring Conductivity With Scanning Probe Microscopes." Microscopy Today 10, no. 2 (2002): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500057837.

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There are two kinds of conductivity measurements possible with scanning probe microscopy (SPM). In the first case, the specific resistance of material directly below the tip is probed. In the second case, SPM probes local potential induced by the lateral current applied through macroscopic contacts, thus providing the information on the mesoscopic transport properties of the sample.The first set of techniques is invariably based on measuring tip-surface current in contact or intermittent tapping mode. If the tip-surface contact resistance is small (good contact), the current will be limited by

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14

Xie, Zipeng, Yongjie Li, Liguo Sun, Wentao Wu, Rui Cao, and Xiaohui Tao. "A Simple High-Resolution Near-Field Probe for Microwave Non-Destructive Test and Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092670.

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Non-destructive tests working at lower microwave frequencies have large advantages of dielectric material penetrability, lower equipment cost, and lower implementation complexity. However, the resolution will become worse as the work frequencies become lower. Relying on designing the structure of high field confinement, this study realizes a simple complementary spiral resonators (CSRs)-based near-field probe for microwave non-destructive testing (NDT) and imaging around 390 MHz (λ = 769 mm) whereby very high resolution (λ/308, 2.5 mm) is achieved. By applying an ingenious structure where a sh

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15

Shahriari, D., J. Jodaki, V. Jandaghi Shahi, and J. Darban Falak. "Development of an Expert Engineering Module for Determination of Ultrasonic Probe Position on the Weld Joint of Plate." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 1306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.1306.

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Ultrasound based inspection techniques are used extensively throughout industry for detection of flaws in engineering materials. The range and variety of imperfections encountered is large and critical assessment of location, size, orientation and type is often difficult. The research presented in this paper has resulted in a knowledge-based engineering module, which was developed software for determining ultrasonic probe location precisely and detecting of the welded sections completely. The criteria for diagnosing these positions, which have been classified into different groups, included in

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16

Machado, Miguel A. "Eddy Currents Probe Design for NDT Applications: A Review." Sensors 24, no. 17 (2024): 5819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175819.

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Eddy current testing (ECT) is a crucial non-destructive testing (NDT) technique extensively used across various industries to detect surface and sub-surface defects in conductive materials. This review explores the latest advancements and methodologies in the design of eddy current probes, emphasizing their application in diverse industrial contexts such as aerospace, automotive, energy, and electronics. It explores the fundamental principles of ECT, examining how eddy currents interact with material defects to provide valuable insights into material integrity. The integration of numerical sim

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17

Abetkovskaia, S. O., S. A. Chizhik, and Yu Guangbin. "Tapping mode of an atomic force microscope with a probe cantilever of a low spring constant." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physical-technical series 70, no. 1 (2025): 57–68. https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2025-70-1-57-68.

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The work presents mathematical simulation results of tapping interaction of an atomic force microscope (AFM) probe with low (0.1 N/m) spring constant of its cantilever with samples of materials with the Young moduli of 0.01; 0.1; 1; 10 GPa under varying the characterizing samples surface energy Hamaker constant, oscillation amplitude of a piezoelectric element, and also the quality factor of the probe. The Johnson–Kendall–Roberts model was used to describe contact between the probe and a sample. Non-contact interaction was taken into account using the Lennard–Jones potential. It was defined th

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Kornev, K. G., X. Ren, and Y. Dzenis. "Controlling Liquid Release by Compressing Electrospun Nanowebs." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 4, no. 3 (2009): 155892500900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500900400302.

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Electrospun nanowebs with pores ranging from nanometers to micrometers, constitute new materials with enhanced absorbency and ability to retain liquids in pores for a long period of time. These materials can be used as nanofluidic probes collecting minute amount of liquids. However, extraction of liquids from nanofibrous materials presents a problem: menisci in the interfiber pores create very high suction pressure which holds the liquid inside the material. This problem can be resolved if the probe is completely filled with the liquid: menisci at the probe edges become flat to establish a pre

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19

Clark, Peter, Kate Maguire, Mattia Bulla, et al. "Probing the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae using circumstellar material interaction signatures." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 507, no. 3 (2021): 4367–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2038.

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ABSTRACT This work aims to study different probes of Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) progenitors that have been suggested to be linked to the presence of circumstellar material (CSM). In particular, we have investigated, for the first time, the link between narrow blueshifted Na i D absorption profiles and the presence and strength of the broad high-velocity Ca ii near-infrared triplet absorption features seen in SNe Ia around maximum light. With the probes exploring different distances from the SN; Na i D &gt; 1017cm, high-velocity Ca ii features &lt; 1015cm. For this, we have used a new in

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WU Simin, 吴思敏, 张博涵 ZHANG Bohan, 郑彬 ZHENG Bin та 季敏标 JI Minbiao. "泵浦-探测显微镜在生物医学和材料科学领域的应用（特邀）". ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA 50, № 8 (2021): 0850211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/gzxb20215008.0850211.

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Ionita, Codrina, Roman Schrittwieser, Guosheng Xu, et al. "Diamond-Coated Plasma Probes for Hot and Hazardous Plasmas." Materials 13, no. 20 (2020): 4524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204524.

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Plasma probes are simple and inexpensive diagnostic tools for fast measurements of relevant plasma parameters. While in earlier times being employed mainly in relatively cold laboratory plasmas, plasma probes are now routinely used even in toroidal magnetic fusion experiments, albeit only in the edge region, i.e., the so-called scrape-off layer (SOL), where temperature and density of the plasma are lower. To further avoid overheating and other damages, in medium-size tokamak (MST) probes are inserted only momentarily by probe manipulators, with usually no more than a 0.1 s per insertion during

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Xu, Ke, and Yuzhe Liu. "Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 13 (November 3, 2022): 1256–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.13.104.

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As a tool that can test insulators' surface morphology and properties, the performance index of atomic force microscope (AFM) probes is the most critical factor in determining the resolution of microscopy, and the performance of probes varies in various modes and application requirements. This paper reviews the latest research results in metal, carbon nanotube, and colloidal probes and reviews their related methods and techniques, analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the improved probes compared with ordinary probes by comparing the differences in spatial resolution, sensitivity, imagi

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Kilias, Antje, Yu-Tao Lee, Ulrich P. Froriep, et al. "Intracortical probe arrays with silicon backbone and microelectrodes on thin polyimide wings enable long-term stable recordings in vivo." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 6 (2021): 066026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac39b7.

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Abstract Objective. Recording and stimulating neuronal activity across different brain regions requires interfacing at multiple sites using dedicated tools while tissue reactions at the recording sites often prevent their successful long-term application. This implies the technological challenge of developing complex probe geometries while keeping the overall footprint minimal, and of selecting materials compatible with neural tissue. While the potential of soft materials in reducing tissue response is uncontested, the implantation of these materials is often limited to reliably target neurona

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Wang, Zhankun, Yanqiu Hu, Xiaoxuan Zhou, and Yuguang Lv. "Construction of mercury ion fluorescence system in water samples and art materials and fluorescence detection method for rhodamine B derivatives." Green Processing and Synthesis 11, no. 1 (2022): 987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0085.

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Abstract At present, the research on fluorescent molecular probe has become a hot topic in the field of environmental science, chemical materials, medicine, and other fields. Therefore, the detection of industrial mercury-containing wastewater (Hg2+) is of great significance. In this article, the fluorescent probe is used to detect mercury ions, and when compared with the traditional detection method, the fluorescent probe has the advantage of operation such as the effect of simplicity is evident. The experiments first synthesized rhodamine B derivatives and then the synthesized rhodamine B de

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Freitas, Teresa Stingl, Ana Sofia Guimarães, Staf Roels, Vasco Peixoto de Freitas, and Andrea Cataldo. "Is the Time-Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Technique Suitable for Moisture Content Measurement in Low-Porosity Building Materials?" Sustainability 12, no. 19 (2020): 7855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197855.

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Measuring moisture content in building materials is essential both for professional practice and for research. However, this is a very complex task, especially when long-term minor destructive measurements are desired. The time-domain reflectometry (TDR) technique is commonly used for soil moisture measurements, but its application in construction materials is considered a relatively new method, particularly for low-porosity building materials. The major obstacles to its current use in construction materials are (1) the difficulty of ensuring good contact between the TDR probe and the material

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Tiefenbacher, Patrick, Norbert I. Kömle, Wolfgang Macher, and Günter Kargl. "Influence of probe geometry on measurement results of non-ideal thermal conductivity sensors." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 5, no. 2 (2016): 383–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-383-2016.

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Abstract. The thermal properties of the surface and subsurface layers of planets and planetary objects yield important information that allows us to better understand the thermal evolution of the body itself and its interactions with the environment. Various planetary bodies of our Solar System are covered by so-called regolith, a granular and porous material. On such planetary bodies the dominant heat transfer mechanism is heat conduction via IR radiation and contact points between particles. In this case the energy balance is mainly controlled by the effective thermal conductivity of the top

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Cheng, Zhao, Lei Zheng, Fei Liang, Hao He, Hao Xu, and Long Pang. "Rhodamine probes for Fe3+: theoretical calculation for specific recognition and instant fluorescent bioimaging." Future Medicinal Chemistry 11, no. 15 (2019): 1859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2019-0077.

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Aim: To overcome the existing difficulty in distinguishing Fe(III) from Fe(II), rhodamine-containing Fe3+ probes, giving off different fluorescence responses to ferric and ferrous ions, were synthesized. Materials & methods: Color change in Fe3+ recognition, accompanying spirolactam opening–closing, could be used for ‘naked-eye’ detection. Theoretical calculations revealed the possible Fe3+-probe combination mechanism. Results: Apart from the probes’ specific response toward Fe3+, the Fe3+-probe demonstrated highly quantitative relationships in fluorescence titration, instant labeling and

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Jin, Yuxin, Bingli Jiang, Huajian Song, et al. "Monophenyl luminescent material with dual-state emission and pH sensitivity for cell imaging." RSC Advances 14, no. 16 (2024): 10942–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra01422g.

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A novel probe, called DMSS-AM, has been synthesized to be pH-sensitive and target lysosomes. It exhibits efficient emission in both solution and solid states, overcoming the limitations of AIE and ACQ fluorescent probes.

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Lin, Riqiang, Jiaming Zhang, Wen Gao, et al. "A Miniature Multi-Functional Photoacoustic Probe." Micromachines 14, no. 6 (2023): 1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061269.

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Photoacoustic technology is a promising tool to provide morphological and functional information in biomedical research. To enhance the imaging efficiency, the reported photoacoustic probes have been designed coaxially involving complicated optical/acoustic prisms to bypass the opaque piezoelectric layer of ultrasound transducers, but this has led to bulky probes and has hindered the applications in limited space. Though the emergence of transparent piezoelectric materials helps to save effort on the coaxial design, the reported transparent ultrasound transducers were still bulky. In this work

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Huber, Silvia, Mariusz Wicinski, and Achim Walter Hassel. "Suitability of Various Materials for Probes in Scanning Kelvin Probe Measurements." physica status solidi (a) 215, no. 15 (2017): 1700952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201700952.

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Spychalski, Maciej, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, Joanna Zdunek, et al. "Tungsten Langmuir probes from JET-with the ITER-Like Wall: Assessment of mechanical properties by nano-indentation." Physica Scripta 96, no. 12 (2021): 124072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac3dbb.

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Abstract Tungsten Langmuir probes retrieved from the JET tokamak with the ITER-Like Wall (JET-ILW) after the second ILW campaign were examined by nano-indentation, microscopy and x-ray diffraction in order to determine changes in mechanical properties and phase composition. Not-exposed probe served as a reference material. Two regions were studied: (i) recrystallized region below the tip and, (ii) the lower probe structure, called ‘support structure’. A large difference between the hardness in the tip and the other region has been found: 5 GPa versus 15 GPa, respectively. The measured values o

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Zanetti, Chiara, Liang Li, Rafael Di Lazaro Gaspar, et al. "Susceptibility of the Different Oxygen-Sensing Probes to Interferences in Respirometric Bacterial Assays with Complex Media." Sensors 24, no. 1 (2024): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24010267.

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Respirometric microbial assays are gaining popularity, but their uptake is limited by the availability of optimal O2 sensing materials and the challenge of validating assays with complex real samples. We conducted a comparative evaluation of four different O2-sensing probes based on Pt-porphyrin phosphors in respirometric bacterial assays performed on standard time-resolved fluorescence reader. The macromolecular MitoXpress, nanoparticle NanO2 and small molecule PtGlc4 and PtPEG4 probes were assessed with E. coli cells in five growth media: nutrient broth (NB), McConkey (MC), Rapid Coliform Ch

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Li, Fu Sheng, Xiao Chu Liu, Li Yao, et al. "Research of Sensing Probe Material in Wet and Dry Soil." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1715.

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Soil moisture sensor probe is the basic and key part of the automated water-saving irrigation equipment. It can measure soil moisture accurately and in real-timely, while metal probes have a serious problem of corrosion and passivation as working in the soil which is a severe environment of the soil of high humidity and complex chemical compositions. Graphite gelling of different content of graphite composite material under both wet and dry conditions, the experimental study, by testing the experimental data of its resistivity contrast to identify the proportion of the composite material of gr

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Gommes, Cedric J. "Small-angle scattering and scale-dependent heterogeneity." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 4 (2016): 1162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716007810.

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Although small-angle scattering is often discussed qualitatively in terms of material heterogeneity, when it comes to quantitative data analysis this notion becomes somehow hidden behind the concept of correlation function. In the present contribution, a quantitative measure of heterogeneity is defined, it is shown how it can be calculated from scattering data, and its structural significance for the purpose of material characterization is discussed. Conceptually, the procedure consists of using a finite probe volume to define a local average density at any point of the material; the heterogen

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Oesterschulze, E. "Novel probes for scanning probe microscopy." Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing 66, no. 7 (1998): S3—S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051089.

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Sporea, Ioan, Roxana Șirli, Ruxandra Mare, Alina Popescu, and Siegfried Cristian Ivașcu. "Feasibility of Transient Elastography with M and XL probes in real life." Medical Ultrasonography 18, no. 1 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11152/mu.2013.2066.181.xsi.

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Aim: Reliable liver stiffness measurement (RLSM) using Transient Elastography (TE) with the standard M probe are difficult to obtain in overweight (BMI≥25kg/m2) and obese (BMI>30kg/m2) patients. The aim of our paper was to assess the feasibility of TE in daily practice using both M and XL probes. Material and method: We studied retrospectively 3235 patients with chronic liver disease assessed by TE first by the M probe (standard probe – transducer frequency 3.5 MHz), and if the measurements were unreliable, with the XL probe (transducer frequency 2.5 MHz). Reliable measurements were defined

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Oberdorfer, Christian, and Guido Schmitz. "On the Field Evaporation Behavior of Dielectric Materials in Three-Dimensional Atom Probe: A Numeric Simulation." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 1 (2010): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610093888.

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AbstractAs a major improvement in three-dimensional (3D) atom probe, the range of applicable material classes has recently been broadened by the establishment of laser-assisted atom probes (LA-3DAP). Meanwhile, measurements of materials of low conductivity, such as dielectrics, ceramics, and semiconductors, have widely been demonstrated. However, besides different evaporation probabilities, heterogeneous dielectric properties are expected to give rise to additional artifacts in the 3D volume reconstruction on which the method is based. In this article, these conceivable artifacts are discussed

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Lees, Alistair J. "New Phosphorescence Probes for Monitoring the Kinetics of Thermal and Photochemical Polymerization." Engineering Plastics 6, no. 3 (1998): 147823919800600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147823919800600301.

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Several organometallic complexes have recently been demonstrated to act as spectroscopic probes of kinetic changes taking place on polymer network formation. This review summarizes the recent development of these phosphorescence probe molecules in both thermal polymerization and photo-initiated processes. Polymers based on epoxy and aromatic cyanate ester thermosetting materials and epoxy and acrylate photosensitive resins are discussed. Most attention is focused on fac-ClRe(CO)3(where 4,7-Ph2-phen) (4,7-Ph2-phen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), and on closely related complexes, as they ar

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Lees, Alistair J. "New Phosphorescence Probes for Monitoring the Kinetics of Thermal and Photochemical Polymerization." Polymers and Polymer Composites 6, no. 3 (1998): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739119800600301.

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Several organometallic complexes have recently been demonstrated to act as spectroscopic probes of kinetic changes taking place on polymer network formation. This review summarizes the recent development of these phosphorescence probe molecules in both thermal polymerization and photo-initiated processes. Polymers based on epoxy and aromatic cyanate ester thermosetting materials and epoxy and acrylate photosensitive resins are discussed. Most attention is focused on fac-ClRe(CO)3(where 4,7-Ph2-phen) (4,7-Ph2-phen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), and on closely related complexes, as they ar

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Popa, Radu C., Cosmin-Andrei Serban, Andrei Barborica, et al. "Functional Enhancement and Characterization of an Electrophysiological Mapping Electrode Probe with Carbonic, Directional Macrocontacts." Sensors 23, no. 17 (2023): 7497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23177497.

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Electrophysiological mapping (EM) using acute electrode probes is a common procedure performed during functional neurosurgery. Due to their constructive specificities, the EM probes are lagging in innovative enhancements. This work addressed complementing a clinically employed EM probe with carbonic and circumferentially segmented macrocontacts that are operable both for neurophysiological sensing (“recording”) of local field potentials (LFP) and for test stimulation. This paper illustrates in-depth the development that is based on the direct writing of functional materials. The unconventional

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Cooney, Thomas F., H. Trey Skinner, and S. M. Angel. "Comparative Study of Some Fiber-Optic Remote Raman Probe Designs. Part I: Model for Liquids and Transparent Solids." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 7 (1996): 836–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963905592.

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We have developed models describing the sensitivity and sampling volume of various remote fiber-optic Raman probes—single-fiber, lensed, dual-fiber beveled-tip, dual-fiber flat-tipped, and multi-fiber flat-tipped. The models assume clear samples and incorporate radii, separation, bevel angle, and numerical aperture of the fibers; overlap geometry of illumination and excitation light cones; and refractive index of immersion medium. For the Raman spectra of solid samples in air, single-fiber and lensed probes are predicted to yield the highest Raman signal. Beveled probes should provide greater

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Guihard, Vincent, Frédéric Taillade, Jean-Paul Balayssac, Barthélémy Steck, and Julien Sanahuja. "Permittivity measurement of cementitious materials and constituents with an open-ended coaxial probe: combination of experimental data, numerical modelling and a capacitive model." RILEM Technical Letters 4 (July 10, 2019): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2019.77.

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The study presents the development of a new two-dimensional FEM numerical model describing the operation of two large open-ended coaxial probes designed to investigate the permittivity of concrete, and its constituents. This numerical simulation, combined with a capacitive approach describing the behaviour of the probes, enabled to prove the suitability of such device to determine the permittivity of dispersive dielectrics. Finding back the permittivity of a specified material by calculation of the S parameters, change of the reference plane and use of the capacitive model is the key to the pr

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Zheng, Xinyu, Jing Huang, and Ningzhao Luo. "Enhanced Nondestructive Testing Using Pulsed Eddy Current and Electromagnetic Ultrasonic Techniques." Applied Sciences 14, no. 15 (2024): 6488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14156488.

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Owing to the challenging working conditions aboard ships, equipment may develop various defects that traditional nondestructive testing methods cannot fully detect. This study proposes a combined approach using pulsed eddy current and electromagnetic ultrasonic testing for enhanced probe detection. Utilizing COMSOL 6.2 finite-element software, a two-dimensional model of the probe was developed to optimize the probe’s design. Based on these findings, a composite probe was designed and structurally optimized, resulting in improved energy conversion efficiency. An experimental platform was establ

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Zhou, Dan, Lei Zhou, Xiaoyan Hu, Yan Hu, and Ping Hu. "Detection and Imaging Application of miRNA in Cells and Living Organisms with Nano-Fluorescent Probes Made by Novel Synthesis Materials." Science of Advanced Materials 11, no. 12 (2019): 1806–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2019.3724.

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As a kind of rare earth fluorescent material, the rare earth upconversion nanomaterial can be applied in various fields such as biological detection and imaging, solar cells, and safe positioning, which has attracted wide concerns. In this study, the novel material is applied to the preparation of biological nano-fluorescent probes. Due to its broad UV absorption spectrum, cobalt oxyhydroxide is selected and used as a quencher for upconversion nanomaterials. Once the cobalt oxyhydroxide is placed on upconversion nanomaterials, the surface reaction can effectively remove the fluorescence reacti

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Leake, Mark C., and Steven D. Quinn. "A guide to small fluorescent probes for single-molecule biophysics." Chemical Physics Reviews 4, no. 1 (2023): 011302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131663.

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The explosive growth of single-molecule techniques is transforming our understanding of biology, helping to develop new physics inspired by emergent biological processes, and leading to emerging areas of nanotechnology. Key biological and chemical processes can now be probed with new levels of detail, one molecule at a time, from the nanoscopic dynamics of nature's molecular machines to an ever-expanding range of exciting applications across multiple length and time scales. Their common feature is an ability to render the underlying distribution of molecular properties that ensemble averaging

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Queiroz, Ana Luiza P., Brian M. Kerins, Jayprakash Yadav, et al. "Investigating microcrystalline cellulose crystallinity using Raman spectroscopy." Cellulose 28, no. 14 (2021): 8971–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04093-1.

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AbstractMicrocrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a semi-crystalline material with inherent variable crystallinity due to raw material source and variable manufacturing conditions. MCC crystallinity variability can result in downstream process variability. The aim of this study was to develop models to determine MCC crystallinity index (%CI) from Raman spectra of 30 commercial batches using Raman probes with spot sizes of 100 µm (MR probe) and 6 mm (PhAT probe). A principal component analysis model separated Raman spectra of the same samples captured using the different probes. The %CI was determine

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Stingl Freitas, Teresa, Ana Sofia Guimarães, Staf Roels, Vasco Peixoto de Freitas, and Andrea Cataldo. "Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique – A solution to monitor moisture content in construction materials." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 17001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017217001.

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Measuring moisture content in building materials is crucial for the correct diagnosis of buildings’ pathologies and for the efficiency evaluation of the treatment solution applied. There are several different techniques available to measure the moisture content in construction materials. However, perform long-term minor-destructive measurements is still a great challenge. The TDR – Time Domain Reflectometry – technique is commonly used for moisture content measurements in soils, but is considered a relatively new method with regard to its application in construction materials. In the present s

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Kuroda, Akio. "Research on advanced asbestos testing using asbestos-binding proteins and fluorescence." Impact 2023, no. 2 (2023): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.2.12.

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It was discovered in the 1970s that asbestos fibre inhalation can cause lung cancer and other lethal lung conditions, and its use is therefore banned in many countries. However, large quantities of asbestos containing materials remain in old buildings and it is also found in natural materials such as talc. Professor Akio Kuroda, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, is focused on the importance of fast and accurate asbestos testing. He and his team have been developing testing techniques to accurately pinpoint the presence of asbestos, including a fluorescent m

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Li, M., P. Gong, H. Zhang та ін. "Research on multi-probe energy response compensation for X/γ dose rate meter". Journal of Instrumentation 19, № 01 (2024): P01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/01/p01005.

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Abstract Dose rate meters operating in pulse counting mode usually encounter the problem of uneven energy response. While current methods of coating a single probe with a metal layer can effectively improve the flatness of the energy response, the energy range of the flat response is limited. In this research, a multi-probe energy response compensation method was proposed to solve the problem of uneven energy response of a CsI(Tl) dose rate meter. In this method, different relative energy response curves were obtained by adding different hardware compensations to a probe. Then, two to four rel

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Toifur, Moh, Moh Irma Sukarelawan, and Okimustava Okimustava. "Home Made Four-Point Probe: Case Studies of the Wobbly A and B Probes." Indonesian Review of Physics 6, no. 1 (2023): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/irip.v6i1.8362.

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A simulation on the effect of probe deviation on sheet resistivity value (Rs) of Cu/Ni thin film was carried out in a home-made four-point probe (HM-FPP) type. This began by solving the Rs formula for normal probes, and then for wobbly probe when it was either A, or both A and B. The formula was implemented on a thin layer of Cu/Ni, which was a low temperature sensor material obtained from electrodeposition for 60s assisted by a 200G magnetic field at a current density of 0.07A/mm2. An electric current of 0.20118A was flown from probe A to D in order to produce a potential difference between p

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