Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Procédés de fabrication – Identification'
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Mezari, Rezak. "Etude du contrôle de procédé de projection laser pour la fabrication additive : Instrumentation, Identification et Commande." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0050/document.
Full textApplications using the direct metal deposition laser process have been expanded rapidly, particularly in aeronautics. However, this promising technology reported some difficult points and faced several problems, mainly the process instability. When these phenomena are not controlled, several defects was obtained (lack of mechanical strength, excessive porosity, poor surface, ... etc.). According to their distribution and size, non-conformity, deteriorate the mechanical characteristics of the parts was recorded and result in a significant cost of post-processing. Therefore, it is important to control the process, to make the process both robust and preserve the structural integrity of the piece. This requires the development of instrumentation through the control process, in order to have a real-time system able to adjust the process parameters to keep a high quality of the manufactured part. In this perspective, the studied thesis developed a technological solution (hardware and algorithms) based on cameras (vision) to monitor key parameters during manufacture. The application of this vision system has been allowed for the implementation of innovative methods by using modern automatic tools to monitor the status of the built part or even correct their defects during the manufacture parts, having a monitoring and process control in real time. Furthermore this vision system performed measurements for the inputs and outputs of the process, matched to a dynamic model that lead to the realization of the process control system
Mangin, Philippe. "Identification des paramètres clés du laminage transversal : vers la formalisation des connaissances scientifiques et technologiques." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00752476.
Full textBarros, Kléber Da Silva. "Identification of the environmental impacts contributors related to the use of Additive Manufacturing technologies." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI034/document.
Full textThe subject of the environmental impacts related to Additive Manufacturing is evolving and far from being consolidated. This thesis tries to answer the following question: How to identify and control the environmental impacts associated to the use of Additive Manufacturing technologies? An approach centred on scenarios was applied. Three specific scenarios were identified and studied: 1) Personal Fabrication; 2) Business use of AM and 3) Industrial use of AM. Literature analysis and the use of the Life Cycle Assessment-LCA approach provided accurate data to identify the different hotspots of environmental impacts in each scenario.In the Personal Fabrication case, the study highlights the importance of placing a greater focus on the Human aspects. The way people use the technology often generates more impacts than the technology itself. In the ‘Business’ scenario the findings show that the energy consumed in Production phase is the most representative phase in terms of environmental impacts. Results from the ‘Industrial’ scenario using EBM technology suggests that the energy consumption of the Printing Process, the powder manufacturing, as well as the Post-treatment process are the main sources of the environmental impacts.The results of the three studies were analysed and gathered in such a way to design a systemic framework of impacts in the case of AM use. Four group of impacts drivers are recognised: The product and the Printing Process (Technical aspects) and the User’s level of experience in CAD and Printing (Human Aspects). For each group, several impact contributors are identified (product height, CAD use time, etc.). From this framework, an adapted LCA model was designed and a software concept was created to estimate the environmental impacts related to use of AM technologies
Ben, Hmida Ramzi. "Identification de lois de comportement de tôles en faibles épaisseurs par développement et utilisation du procédé de microformage incrémental." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2042.
Full textThe miniaturization of components is now a world challenge. The manufacture of these componentsis difficult because of several phenomena related to the so-called size effect. It is thus necessary to fulfill theserequirements of scaling down in terms of design, implementation and operations. This study deals with theproblems of miniaturization processes, especially the “micro-Single Point" Incremental Forming process (micro-SPIF) through experimental and numerical studies. Micro-single point incremental forming process is presentedas an interesting approach for thin structures manufacturing. The desired geometry is provided by the tool pathrequiring a local deformation in a sheet clamped along its contour. Firstly, an experimental approach consistingin analyzing the mechanical behaviour of copper alloy specimens with various grain sizes by tensile tests hasbeen proposed. The interaction between the geometry and the microstructure is evaluated using the ratio of thethickness by the average grain size Φ=t/d. An instrumented micro-SPIF device was also developed. A set ofsingle point incremental sheet forming experimental tests were conducted on blanks with several grain sizesusing two forming strategies in order to study the effect of microstructure on the geometry, the surface topology,the thickness distribution and the forming forces evolutions. Secondly, a finite element parametric model capableof simulating the micro-SPIF process was developed in MATLAB® language. The commercial LS-DYNA® codewas used to simulate this process using an elastic-plastic constitutive law. Then, the results obtained in terms ofgeometry, thickness evolution and forming forces are compared with the experimental results in order to validatethe numerical procedure. Thirdly, an elastic-plastic damage model describing the main physical phenomenainvolved during metal forming by large deformation was presented. An identification procedure of thisbehaviour law based on the inverse analysis of the axial forming force during micro-SPIF process was proposedand several validation tests of the model were discussed. Finally, local identifiability analysis based on an indexof multicollinearity of the sensitivity functions was performed in order to validate the parameters identificationprocedure and quantify the advantage of the process for quantitative mechanical behaviour characterization ofthin metal sheets at large strains
Parrochon, Johann. "Supervision de la pression des effluents gazeux dans des équipements semi-conducteurs sous vide." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS007.
Full textThis work aims at improving equipments used for the microelectronics ; in this case, vacuum pumps manufactured by ADIXEN. Two subjects, which are both related to the use of a variable speed pump, have been studied: a) quality management during the fabrication of integrated circuits, by means of the process chamber pressure regulation, b) recycling of the fluorine gag used for the cleaning of Silicon Oxyde deposition chambers. The first subject deals with pressure regulation by variations in the pump speed, in contrast to the standard way of the regulation by mechanical movements of a valve. We tried to make the variable speed regulation adaptable to every kind of equipment and customer process, by systematising the identification procedure of the pressure dynamical behaviour, and use this procedure to model the whole system. The identification determines a local linear model by means of Random Binary Series, used with the Matlab's Box-Jenkins function. The global modelling relies on the Design of Experiments Method, which enables us to study a large amount of parameters and action variables, expected to have an impact on the pressure dynamics, and thereafter create a procedure to adapt the model to any customer equipment. The second subject aims at making a fluorine gag recycling system, dedicated to the SiO2 deposition chamber clean. Actually, more than 80% of the cleaning species are not being used during the cleaning, and hence are lost. The idea is to rècover this unused part at the chamber exhaust, and inject it back into the chamber, after trapping the chemical reaction by-products. This is a difficult task because as fluorine is a dangerous gag, we had to make the system such as to keep the pressure as low as possible, without preventing the flow control which is essential to match the clean standard conditions
Wunsch, Karl. "Compréhension des mécanismes de cristallisation d'alcools gras en présence de tensioactifs." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AGPT0012.
Full textCrystalline fatty compounds as fatty alcohols are well used in cosmetics creams to improve consistency. Their introduction in formulae induces melting and crystallizing steps in order to ensure dispersion in water with surfactant and solidification of the compounds. The thesis project is to understand the crystallization mechanisms to control the key process parameters that influence the crystals’ size and shape.The first chapter is about understanding the specific thermal and structural behaviour of the bulk fatty alcohols, which organise in different lamellar structures. Identification of crystalline phases upon hydration is also detailed with DSC, XRD and polarised light microscopy analyses.In the second chapter, we identify the phases obtained with cold and hot mixtures made with the addition of surfactant and water. A study on the different swollen lamellar phases obtained as a function of the concentration of both alcohols and surfactant is performed. Those phases can be fluid at high temperature or crystallized at low temperature.In the third chapter, a study on the crystallisation process parameters is developed with process in situ observations of torque and microscopic aspect. The process is a scrapped surface heat exchanger batch simulator made of a modified Couette cell with scrapping blade to ensure efficient heat transfer. The creams obtained at the end of the process are characterised with a multiscale approach (SAXS, WAXS, DSC, particle size analyses by light diffraction, DIC microscopy and rheology). We identify several paths to induce the formation of large crystals made of lamellar phases and also smaller ones. A principal component analysis is performed with all data from in situ observations and post processing characterization, to link crystal size to cream consistency and highlight key parameters
Philippe, Mangin. "Identification des paramètres clés du laminage transversal : vers la formalisation des connaissances scientifiques et technologiques." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839532.
Full textAwad, Pierre. "Identification et compréhension des processus réactionnels conduisant à la génération de composés volatils lors de la distillation charentaise influant sur la qualité des eaux-de-vie de Cognac." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA044/document.
Full textThe « charentaise » distillation is a batch distillation method that allows the production of cognac spirits from wine. The distillation is performed in copper alembics through a direct open flame heating that could favor the formation of volatile compounds. The first part of this study consists in identifying the volatile compounds formed during the distillation of cognac spirits. The mass balance performed on volatile compounds revealed that 2 esters, 3 aldehydes, 3 terpenes and 12 norisoprenoids were generated. Thereafter, two distillations using a different heating mode (direct open flame and steam) were conducted on a small-scale alembic. The goal was to assess the impact of the heating mode on the formation of volatile compounds. The study showed that the mode of heating has little effect on volatile compounds’ generation. Moreover, the compounds formed are similar to the ones during the traditional distillation of cognac spirit. Finally, the third part of the study focuses on the characterization of the acid hydrolysis of α-terpenyl-O-β-glucopyranoside which is the suspected precursor to be involved in the formation of α-terpineol, identified as generated during the charentaise distillation and in small-scale distillations. α-terpenyl-O-β- glucopyranoside was placed in two representative model solutions corresponding to the initial wine and the stillage. Both solutions were exposed to 100 °C in a closed reactor system. Results showed that the hydrolysis of the precurseur formed α- terpineol, trans-terpin and its isomere that seems to be 4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1- methylcyclohexan-2-ol). Data also revealed that the hydrolysis of the precursor follows a first order reaction model ant that an aqueous media promotes the formation of trans-terpin
Bois, Chloe. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844403.
Full textBois, Chloé. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENI076/document.
Full textIn a context of fossil fuel shortage and hydrocarbon emission reduction, fuel cells are a promising solution for energy production. However, the cost of the energy they produce remains too expensive to be competitive and the conventional manufacturing processes used limit the scaling up of the production. The core of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) is a stack composed of five constituents, in which the proton exchange membrane and the two gas diffusion layers have potential for being can be considered as used a a printing substrates, and the two catalyst layers can be printed by continuous printing processes.This work demonstrated the relevance of the printing process called flexography for manufacturing fuel cell components. It offers allows larger production with low waste of expensive elements. Despite of the poor printability of the both chosen substrates, the achieved catalyst layers printed by flexography reached similar electrochemical properties than those made by conventional processes
Pourtalet, Erik. "Validation de procédés de fabrication : essais de développement." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P003.
Full textMocellin, Katia. "Stratégies numériques pour la modélisation des procédés de fabrication." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931202.
Full textDemirel, Mustafa. "Contribution à l'optimisation des mesures de température et de déformations par capteur à fibre optique à réseau de Bragg : application au procédé de fabrication des composites par infusion de résine." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440938.
Full textDoudard, Karine. "Développement de nouveaux procédés intervenant dans la fabrication de bougies." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4014.
Full textIndustrial manufacturing of candles uses paraffin wax. Today, as many petroleum hydrocarbons, paraffin becomes a resource less and less available. Its production is decreasing while global demand increases. This situation creates tensions on the purchase of this raw material as well as a sharp increase of prices. The objective of this thesis is to improve raw material (paraffin or plant substitutes) integration ways in the three major processes of candle production: pressing, extrusion and filling. For the pressing process, compressibility and compactibility of paraffin powders are studied. A compression device was developed to allow the formation of tablets from powder. The results are modeled and show the influence of the size and the shape of particles on the compression (density increase under pressure) and the compaction (resistance as a function of density) of paraffin powder. Regarding the extrusion process, the goal is to improve the technical knowledge of the process and particularly to work on the relationship between mechanical properties of the raw materials, settings of the process and appearance of the final products. For this purpose, this process was simulated in laboratory. Finally, the filling process is optimized by developing a protocol as well as a formulation enabling the industrial foaming of wax. This project have an ecological positive impact as it reduces needs for fossil resources and the energy required for manufacturing and transportation of candles
Breton, Isabelle. "Investigation des procédés non-traditionnels pour la fabrication de moules." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38038.pdf.
Full textNewby, Pascal. "Implémentation de procédés de fabrication et d'intégration du silicium poreux." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1522.
Full textMelo, Walcélio. "Tempo : un environnement de développement logiciel centré procédés de fabrication." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005134.
Full textDI, Luzio Stéphane. "Réalisation de dioptres asphériques de grande précision pour des applications dans le domaine visible." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET4003.
Full textThis work was done at Thales Angénieux as part of a CIFRE contract. It was about the study of an industrial process of aspherical lens surfaces making for applications in the visible field. Made of glass or calcium fluoride, these lenses will be used in high precision optical systems. This is why they must meet strict form (PV<200 nm) and roughness (rms<3nm) requirements. Their making is complex and cannot use the conventional methods of spherical or plan surfaces making. It is particularly difficult to meet simultaneously the form and roughness requirements even with the latest production techniques. Some measurement instruments which are adapted to each stage were associated to the making means: a profilometer for the measurement of micro-grinded surfaces, an interferometer and a deflectometer for the magneto rheological finishing phase. Among the different possible aspherical surfaces making methods, Thales Angénieux chose to develop an industrial making process which combines two key stages: a micro grinding phase and a magneto-rheological finishing phase. However, it is impossible to produce surfaces which meet the required criteria with the two stages quoted above despite an optimisation of micro grinding parameters. It proved to be necessary to insert a polishing phase named flexible polishing to insure the transition. Moreover, the process of aspherical calcium fluoride lens surfaces making was based on the diamond turning, what was impossible on glass. However, despite different attempts and analysis, we could not obtain a stable process. Thus, the aspherical calcium fluoride lenses were finally made with the same process as the glass lenses. This making process allows on the one hand to produce an aspherical surface with a form PV around 150 nm and a roughness rms between 1 to 2 nm and, on the other hand, proves to be compatible with industrial making requirements
Belhimeur, Abdelmajid. "Contribution à l'étude d'une méthode de conception des automatismes des systémes de conduite des processus industriels." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10039.
Full textHocine, Sofiane. "Identification de modèles de procédés par programmation mixte déterministe." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7492/1/hocine.pdf.
Full textLaaroussi, Awatef. "Fabrication de biocathodes flexibles pour biopiles enzymatiques implantables par procédés d’impression." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI014/document.
Full textEnzymatic Biofuel Cells, capable of converting efficiently the glucose from extracellular fluid into electrical energy, are a power source for implantable devices. However, the power output generated by these cells is not sufficient to fulfill the energy required by implantable artificial organs. Therefore, a new packaging architecture design based on flexible materials derived from printing technologies has been explored in order to enhance the power output of this cell. This work demonstrates the relevance of printing processes such as ultrasonic spray and gravure to develop homogeneous, thin and flexible biocathodes. During this work, a carbon nanotubes / surfactant suspensions were deposited on a hydrophobic flexible substrate (carbon paper). Despite the poor printability of the substrate, flexible active layers were obtained (thickness between 5 and 10 µm). Finally, a non-covalent immobilization of laccases (via adamantane pyrene) was tested and a catalytic current of approximately 130 µA.cm-2 was obtained. mA.cm-2 was obtained
Issa, Mazen. "Modélisation et simulation numérique des procédés de fabrication sous conditions extrêmes." Troyes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TROY0004.
Full textThis thesis proposes a methodology for numerical modelling and numerical optimization of high speed manufacturing processes. This numerical methodology is based on a thermo-elasto-visco-plastic model with mixed hardening (kinematic and isotropic) and different levels of coupling effects of damage and thermal softening. For this study, we investigated the sensitivity of coulomb friction coefficient on the thermomechanical behaviour. A dynamic explicit resolution scheme has been chosen to solve the equilibrium problem and an implicit integration scheme is used to solve the local behaviour model. To overcome the mesh distortions problems and simulate the propagation of cracks, a numerical methodology based on steps of remeshing is proposed. Different error estimators are used to adjust the size of the elements according to various thermomechanical gradients (cumulative plastic deformation, damage, plastic dissipation) to enhance the effects of localization and evolution of various shear bands. This methodology is studied and validated on various simple examples and on the case of high speeds industrial process simulation
Cadiou, Stephen. "Modélisation magnéto-thermohydraulique de procédés de fabrication additive arc-fil (WAAM)." Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS544.
Full textOne of the obstacles to the development of additive manufacturing processes is the quality of the built parts. Some defects, such as porosity, deformations or cracks, may appear. These defects depend strongly on the choice of operating parameters. Numerical modelling can therefore help to understand how these operating parameters control the final geometry, and the thermal cycles experienced by the material, which impact the microstructure, the deformations and residual stresses of the final part. In this thesis, several numerical models have been developped in order to better understand the final characteristics of the part. The first one concerns a 2D axial-symmetric model of arc to deal with a static TIG process. The Maxwell equations coupled with the mass, momentum, energy equations are solved in the plasma and the melt pool. Using this reference case, the arc model has been validated. This model has been made more complex by adding a level set method to track the gas-liquid interface present in pulsed MIG process in 2D axial-symmetric geometry. This model has been validated through experimental data and then extended to a 3D geometry to simulate the build-up of a wall using a CMT process. This multiphysics model was limited to the scale of the melt pool. A second 3D model was then proposed at the scale of the wall using a purely thermal model to simulate the multi-layer process with geometry prediction
Belhadj, Ahmed. "Procédés de fabrication, microstructure et propriétés supraconductrices des alliages Nb-Ti." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-265.pdf.
Full textFlila, Saïda. "Identification optimale et commande prédictive : applications en génie des procédés." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458661.
Full textDoubenskaia, Maria. "Contrôle des procédés industriels hautes températures par voie optique." Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET4019.
Full textPyrometers developed and manufactured for precise measurements of the brightness temperature under specific conditions of laser action, in combination with the modern methods of reconstitution of the true temperature, are effective instruments for analysing thermal processes in laser applications. Development of a pyrometry system for the real surface temperature measurement, for example, during laser action, involves significant methodological difficulties, which are determined by the process parameters : broad temperature range (300-4000° K), high heating and cooling rates (103-106 Ks-1), small size of the heated zone (0. 8-15 mm), influence of the radiation emitted by the evaporation plume (plasma and matter evaporated at the surface), strong variation of the optical and thermal properties of materials, etc. A set of pyrometers was used to monitor the surface temperature in the processes of laser Nd-YAG welding, pulsed laser action, laser cladding, etc. A good quantitative agreement between the theoretical and experimental results for pulsed laser action is obtained. The above mentioned innovations offered a broad range of application possibilities for multichromatic pyrometry in reconstitution of the true temperature in laser applications. Knowledge of the true temperature represents a great interest from the point of view of the phase transition analysis, for example, melting / solidification ; that is crucial in the case of multi-materials alloys to avoid thermal decomposition of the chemical components
Cocquempot, Vincent. "Surveillance des processus industriels complexes : génération et optimisation des relations de redondance analytiques." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10053.
Full textBournez, Carine. "Une architecture multi-agents réflexive pour le contrôle de systèmes de production distribués hétèrogènes." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAL0040.
Full textIn order to control new production organizations composed of autonomous entities, we propose an approach that avoids any structure modeling. Indeed, the study of networked enterprises, particularly from an organizational evolution point of view, shows that dynamic structure is one of their essential in trin sic features. The goal of this work is to define a multi-agent architecture, based on a contract net protocol, for distributed dynamic production systems control. Using an emergentist methodology in its conception goes against sorne preconceived ideas about agents identification with physical entities of the organization. Our architecture allows to integrate different parts of the distributed system thanks to the contract net protocol. A reflexive agent architecture supplements this system. The meta controls the behaviors of the agents of the network, and also their ability to learn. Learning relies on several partial behaviors acquisitions, thus on synchronization between agents at the metalevel. The mechanism is a case-based learning engine, with XML case representation. The multi-agent contract net and the reflexive architecture have been implemented in a simulation framework called OCEAN. It is written in Java language, over the MadKit multi-agent platform. It allows to develop simulations from relatively little refined data about production system entities. For this purpose, we propose a simulation methodology using this framework
Zimmer, Sandra. "Contribution a l’industrialisation du soudage par friction malaxage." Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0035.
Full textThe Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process which avoids some problems encountered by fusion welding, like hot cracking or solidification defects. The welding is performed by a rotating tool, inserted into the interface of two rigidly clamped workpieces. The required heat energy is provided by the friction between this tool and the workpieces. The combined tool rotation and translation create the material stirring, joining the workpieces together. The resulting efforts at the interface must be support by the machine and the part-holding device. They are thus a major issue for the choice of the welding equipments. This thesis work consists in implementing a method to qualify means of production for FSW process, by identifying the suitable part of the process windows. This method is threefold. The first point is the identification of the characteristic parameters of FSW process. These one are taken into account in specifications for the choice or the design of a means of production for FSW. The second point of the method is the experimental characterization of the process windows. The mechanical actions on the tool were associated with each combination of the operating parameters of the process windows. This experimental study highlighted the effect of driving parameters on the efforts at the tool/product interface. Lastly, the last point of the method is the validation of the selected means of production for FSW, thanks to the collected experimental data sets. These mean of production is modelled in order to check the capacities of the device, the pin and the parts holder used to carry out the operation of welding. The method of qualification was implemented in the case of multi-axis robot (6 axis). This “low rigid” and “low capacity” structure is very sensitive to the mechanical actions of FSW. The choice of the welding operating parameters leans on the process windows and the limits of the robot, which have been experimentally determined for the plunging and welding stages. It is necessary, for this kind of structure, to qualify its ability to carry out a FSW welding, because its capacities strongly depend on the position of the tool within the workspace
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji. "Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037.
Full textIn this thesis, two coupling methods are proposed for the multiscale simulation of forming processes. In the first part, a simplified procedure (indirect coupling) is adopted to couple the finite element codes (Abaqus and LAM3) with a polycrystalline selfconsistent model based on the large strain elastoplastic behavior of single crystals. This simplified procedure consists in linking the polycrystalline model with the FE analysis by extracting the history of the increment of macroscopic strain and stress, obtained from a preliminary FE simulation with a phenomenological law, and then using it as loading path prescribed to the polycrystalline model. This method is applied to multiscale simulation of skin-pass processes. By following on the loading path extracted at the halfthickness of the sheet, we can predict the evolution of some physical parameters associated with the plasticity model, in particular the crystallographic texture, the morphological texture and hardening. In the second part on this thesis, a small strain version of the elastoplastic polycristalline self-consistent model is coupled to the Abaqus FE code via the user material subroutine UMAT. This coupling (called direct coupling) consists in using crystal plasticity theory as constitutive law at each integration point of the FE mesh. The polycristal is represented by a set of N single crystals. Each time the FE code needs information on the mechanical behavior at the integration points considered, the full polycrystalline constitutive model is called. In order to validate this coupling, simulations of simple mechanical tests have been conducted. The results of this coupling have been validated through comparison with reference models. Unlike phenomenological models, this coupling provides not only information on the overall macroscopic response of the structure, but also important information related to its microstructure
Zaman, Uzair khaleeq uz. "Intégration Produit-Process appliquée à la sélection de procédés de Fabrication Additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0006/document.
Full textThe doctoral research focuses to build an integrated approach that can simultaneously handle the product and process parameters related to additive manufacturing (AM). Since, market dynamics of today are constantly evolving, drivers such as mass customization strategies, shorter product development cycles, a large pool of materials to choose from, abundant manufacturing processes, etc., have made it essential to choose the right compromise of materials, manufacturing processes and associated machines in early stages of design considering the Design for AM guidelines. As several criteria, material attributes and process functionality requirements are involved for decision making in the industries, the thesis introduces a generic decision methodology, based on multi-criteria decision-making tools, that can not only provide a set of compromised AM materials, processes and machines but will also act as a guideline for designers to achieve a strong foothold in the AM industry by providing practical solutions containing design oriented and feasible material-machine combinations from a database of 38 renowned AM vendors in the world today
Zhang, Ying. "Maîtrise statistique des procédés avec paramètres estimés." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDN0018.
Full textStatistical Process Control (SPC) is an effective approach for improving quality and productivity of aproduction process. Among the SPC tools, control chart, as themost important and primary tool, has been widely used to monitor and determine whether a production process is in-control or not. An indispensable assumption for the development of control charts is that the process parameters (the in-control mean and standard-deviation) are assumed known. In practice, the distribution of the data and the process parameters are rarely known, and the process parameters are usually estimated from an in-control historical data set (Phase I). When these parameters are estimated, the performance of the control charts differs from the known parameters case. Recently, some authors have studied the impact of the parameters estimation, but more work is needed. In this thesis, we will investigate the properties (in terms of theRun Length) of some control charts for the mean inthe case of estimated parameters,which have not been researched till now, such as Run Rules Chart, Synthetic Chart, VSI Chart and VSS Chart. The first goal of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of these control charts when the process parameters are estimated, to compare them with the case when the process parameters are assumed known and to demonstrate that the performance is quite different especially when the number of samples used during the Phase I is small. The second goal of this thesis is to suggest the sample sizes and to provide new optimal chart constants for calculating the limits of these control charts in the case of estimated parameters, which are very useful in practice
Decock, Jérémy. "Approches micro/milli-fluidiques pour l'étude in situ de procédés de filtration frontale." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0788.
Full textThis work deals with the technological development of miniaturized micro- (10 µm) and milli- (1 mm) fluidic tools for in-situ investigations of frontal filtration processes, in collaboration with Solvay. The tools that we developed, make it possible to monitor visually the formation of the filter cake, operating at constant-pressure or constant-flow rate filtration, on various colloidal suspensions, and up to trans-membrane pressures of 7 bars.We performed a millifluidic study of the filtration of industrial silica colloidal dispersions (Solvay, Silica), and we evidenced the growth of compressible cakes. We correlated these data to the pressure signals obtained at imposed flow rates. The comparison with theoretical predictions given by the classical laws of cake filtration theory, shows that such conventional models cannot reproduce the observed behaviors.The second part of this thesis reports the development of high pressure-resistive (several bars) microfluidic tools integrating nano-porous hydrogel-based membranes. These membranes are fabricated in situ by photo-polymerization of aqueous formulations containing PEG-diacrylates and porogen agents. We reported precise characterizations of their permeability in function of several parameters (formulation, exposure time, geometry). The same membranes were used to monitor frontal filtration of nanoparticles at the microfluidic scale, and thus to quantitatively estimate the permeability of the formed cakes
Legha, Ahmad. "Transfert de tolérances géométriques en fabrication : validation de modèles." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS038.
Full textIn a first part, a presentation of the models of transfer of dimensions and tolerances of Design Office (DO) and manufacture are treated. In a second phase, the problems of transfer of tolerances in manufacture in 3D are treated with a new method being based on graphic tools such as the graphs of manufacture and the variations fields. This work is validated numerically by an example presented in a third part. Lastly, a statistical analysis of the measurements obtained on the series of parts carried out made it possible on the one hand to validate assumptions of composition of statistical laws of distribution, and to check on the other hand, the degree of correlation between the measured components of variation. The tools developed during this PHD, thus allow, treating the phase of industrialization of a product in 3D since the design drawing till the validation of the range of machining
Monteil, Mélodie. "Comportement vibratoire du steelpan : effet des procédés de fabrication et dynamique non linéaire." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00913650.
Full textRammal, Rim. "Conception de Composants Microondes Innovants basés sur de Nouveaux Procédés Technologiques de Fabrication." Limoges, 2014. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/c41c2fd1-8953-4bff-b464-be12c3d6ef4a/blobholder:0/2014LIMO4014.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the characterization of an innovative inkjet printing technology for the fabrication of multilayer and multi-material structures. We will use this technology to create printed single and multilayer interdigitated filters. The multilayer aspects open the way to work on tunable structures that could be the same type as the interdigitated multilayer filter. The first chapter consists of a literature study on multilayer technologies and in particular the inkjet printing technology. In the second chapter, we tested this technology by printing 2-D patterns with –made with a silver ink in order to establish different design rules to be applied for the creation of RF components. A multilayer printing approach (silver and ceramic inks) is validated after a development of the ceramic-based ink developed with the Heraeus 51K65 dielectric material which can be fired at low temperature (800°C). The third section presents a multilayer filter fabricated by this technology in order to achieve footprint reduction compared to a silver monolayer interdigitated filter. The fourth chapter presents a simple planar system to easily retrieve an equivalent model of a varactor (Rs and Cj) to serve as a component of frequency tuning. Different examples of tunable resonators using such varactor are finally presented
Mespiedre, Florence. "Les lipogélosomes (LGS). Formulation et procédés de préparation. Etude d'une cinétique de fabrication." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30041.
Full textLipogelosomes® (LGS) are simple lamelar liposomes whose in aqueous volume are composed of a blend of semi-solid hermoreversible gel. The presence of gelling phase confers upon LGS a strong stability mediated by the reduction of the interparticlated fusions, by a weaker mobility and by a decrease of the leak of locked components as well. After establishing a formulation of gellifiants, several methods of production have been defined by granulometrical and rheological levels during a time dependance of fabrication. The results demonstrate that in the solution takes place an unremitting process of desaggregation-reaggregation of the particles. This fact is confirmed by a physical interpretation enabling to validate the theory according to varies models. Filtering tests have been performed in order to eradicate the gelliferous phase exterior to LGS for further applications. Finally, tests of LGS size have been carried out through incorporating a surfactant after the fabrication period. Photographies of electron microscopy as well as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirm the structure, the size and the behaviour of these particles. This formulation is actually under a developing process on a semi-industrial pilot with a perspective pharmaceutical application
Vaissier, Benjamin. "Modélisation avancée et optimisation polyfonctionnelle des supports pour les procédés de fabrication additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0063.
Full textThough Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are enabling the production of intricate parts difficult or even impossible to obtain through the use of traditional processes, some fabrication constraints must be met. Therefore, in order to solve the material collapsing issues and the geometrical deformation problems inherent to these processes, the addition of support structures is required. The addition of these structures, usually removed during manual post-production steps, are representing a great cost (material usage, time dedicated to their numerical generation, production and removal). Their optimization is thus essential to ensure the conformity of the fabricated geometry regarding the dimensional requirements, but also to reduce the overall cost of the final part. After a specific analysis of the various functions associated with support structures in AM, four main research axis have been identified and addressed in this thesis: (i) a genetic algorithm based optimization has first been studied to sustain overhang areas through the use of tree-like structures, (ii) a model estimating the deformations resulting from fabrication have been designed in order to generate stiffening structures with evolving thicknesses, (iii) a parametrization framework of lattice structures have been proposed to dissipate the energy accumulated in heat confining regions of the part, and finally (iv) the development of an encoding strategy exploiting the repetition patterns existing in the support structures have permitted to reduce the size of their definition files in order to fluidify their manipulation and treatment throughout the AM production process
Kovaleva, Irina. "Simulation numérique des procédés de fabrication additive: projection laser et fusion laser sélective." Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs (Saint-Etienne), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENISE031.
Full textThis work is devoted to development of mathematical modeling methods of laser interaction with materials and porous media, used in the additive technologies for the production of volume products. The process of laser cladding suffers from faults and defects of parts and coatings obtained such as cracks, exudations, residual stresses and etc. Currently, the general theory of this process does not exist. A large number of parameters affect the laser cladding such as laser parameters (power, beam diameter, scanning speed, etc. ), parameters of powder and gas flow. Therefore, experimental investigations of optimum technological modes become the complex problem. The relevance of this work is the need to perform calculations and predictions of rational modes of laser treatment, due to the increasing quality requirements of manufactured parts and technological processes optimization. We investigated in details the parameters of the gas stream and the powder for different coaxial nozzles. The parameters of powder jet essentially depends on the geometrical configuration and the size of output nozzle channels and also the composition of the powder, its dispersion and features of particles interaction with the walls of nozzle. We developed a physical-mathematical model of acceleration of powder particles in the light field of a permanent laser radiation in the conditions of laser cladding owing to the force caused by the reaction of the material–vapor recoil from the beamed part of the particle. We proposed a calculation method of random packing of polydisperse spherical particles which allows, taking into account the weight force and adhesive force between the particles in contact, to obtain the internal structure of loose powder layer close to the real. Discrete model is developed to describe the processes of heat and mass transfer in loose powder layer, which is applicable in the conditions of local laser irradiation in selective laser melting and selective laser sintering. Physico-mathematical models proposed in this work and results of calculations are new and have a practical relevance. The reliability of spent researches is consistent qualitatively with experimental data
He, Zhenglei. "Modélisation et optimisation des procédés de fabrication textile à l'aide des techniques intelligentes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I061.
Full textTextile manufacturing plays an important role in the world economy. While the globally increasing competition is stressing the textile companies to promote the manufacturing flexibility, as a trend of intelligent manufacturing in Industry 4.0, the future development of the textile manufacturing process will increasingly rely on shorter cycle and higher quality. However, the complicated intricate relationship between the large-scale parameter variables from a variety of textile processes makes it seem incredibly difficult. In order to overcome these issues, intelligent techniques are employed in this thesis to promote textile manufacturing from the process modeling and optimization.In this Ph.D. research, a thorough investigation and literature review regarding the previous studies on modeling and optimization of the textile manufacturing process using intelligent techniques. A series of the summarizations were determined in pros and cons, which provided a theoretical foundation and research direction for the subsequent studies. Three sub-studies thus were developed: A specific case study on textile ozonation process modeling using extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector regression (SVR) and random forest (RF) was developed, where the SVR models and RF models were found that both can well address the uncertain interrelationships of variables in the textile process modeling with less training data, but their requirement on training time is different. On the basis of the established RF models, a novel multi-criteria decision support system was then developed for textile optimization with the collaboration of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the Deep Q-networks (DQN) algorithm, where the textile process is formulated as the Markov decision process (MDP) paradigm, and the application result showed that it can master the challenging decision-making tasks in the textile manufacturing process. To better address the growing complexity in this issue, the application of this developed system is further integrated into a multi-agent system for multi-objective optimization in the textile manufacturing process. The developed systems can optimize the textile process and help companies maintain competence in the trend of intelligent manufacturing in the textile industry
Schab, Frédéric. "Étude comparative des procédés d'électrodialyse et d'électrodéionisation : application à la fabrication d'acide lactique." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL035N/document.
Full textThis work deals with the comparative study of electrodialysis and electrodeionization. The possibilities to integrate the electro-membrane processes in the lactic acid fermentive production lines are investigated. Two main research ways are chosen : the first one lies in the continuous extraction of natrium lactate out of the fermentation middle. For this, an electrodialysis stack of only anionic membranes is coupled with the fermenter : approximately 95 % of lactate are removed during the operation. By comparison with a standard fermentation in batch mode, no inhibition is observed, and the productivity is increased by 13. The second way is to convert the natrium lactate in lactic acid : a high purity rate is seeked. A continuous electrodeioniation process including bipolar membranes, leading to 99,9% conversion rate, is elaborated for the treatment of diluted solutions. Finally is presented the mathematic calculation of an electrodeionization compartment : experimental points and calculated values are very similar
Vitale, David. "Automatisation de l'identification d'individus en utilisant des procédés biométriques : les empreintes digitales." Saint-Etienne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STET4007.
Full textThe aim is to conceive new processes for automatic people identification through the fingerprints. These researches cover the study of all the data processing chain of an AFIS. The fingerprints capture with the developpement of a new sensor based on the reconstruction of a rolled image, with the help of a video sequence. The singular points extration (cores and deltas) by the integration of Gabor wavelets in a two levels gaussian pyramid, and fingerprint pavement through a triangular grid and under-grid. This phase is completed by the determination of the morphological summary. The extraction and the characterization of the minutiae with the enhancement, segmentation and skeletonization of images. The minutiae matching based on a local mapping and the Delaunay triangulation, in order to reduce the skin flexibility constraints
Dindeleux, Régis. "Propilot : une contribution à la modélisation des processus industriels." Chambéry, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CHAMS029.
Full textBarratte, Christine. "Modélisation de l'influence d'une toile sur la formation et l'imprimabilité d'une feuille de papier." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0067.
Full textGuibert, Nicolas. "Étude et modélisation de l’influence des phénomènes de coupe sur les performances du forage vibratoire." Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10117.
Full textIn the world of machining, due to new environmental constraints, the use of cooling is less and less recommended. For drilling operations, several techniques avoiding or limiting coolant have appeared during the last few years. Vibratory drilling is a new process which generates low frequency self vibrations in order to get a discontinuous cutting. Thus the low uncut chip thickness allows its natural evacuation. Vibrations are generated by a self vibratory drilling head which can be used on every kind of machine tool. This PhD work aims at modelling the cutting phenomenon in vibratory drilling. For each tool/material pair, it is possible to identify the cutting coefficients of the models thanks to an experimental strategy. The resulting models had then been introduced in a numerical simulator. This allows a virtual study of the dynamical behaviour of the drilling head with a fairly accuracy. Several experimental rounds of test show that the drill geometry, the cutting conditions and the drilling head parameters have a strong effect on the vibration’s area. All the experiments have been done on an industrial application of crankshaft drilling. The optimization of this new process proved that long dry vibratory drilling is effective at an industrial scale. The drilling’s quality is similar to the one of traditional drilling. The productivity is increased by five compared to the one of gun-drilling
Marchi, Dominique. "Etude de la stabilité des émulsions alimentaires. Optimisation du protocole de fabrication." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30100.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the study of food emulsion stability and their industrial process optimization. A preliminary study has led us to a technical document for the raw materials used. In a second part, the stability evaluation by physico-chimical parameters : rheology, size analysis, microscopy, has been tested on few emulsions. The experiments done with the experimental research methodology have shown the importance of the process parameters as vacuum, speed, delivery and order of ingredients and process temperature. The technological transfering to an industrial pilot has led to an emulsification system and to the best process. The multi criteria analysis with the Descrability calculation has defined a field of very good stability and this for all the process parameters
Bui, Minh Hien. "Identification et simulation des incertitudes de fabrication." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697204.
Full textBoudiba, Mahfoud. "Contribution à la réalisation d'un environnement général pour la simulation statique des procédés." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132035.
Full textAndreu, David. "Commande et supervision des procédés discontinus : une approche hybride." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139761.
Full textDaubas, Bruno. "Modélisation et simulation des procédés continus et discontinus." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT023G.
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