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1
Eshahawi, Tarek Al-Mahdi. "Risk assessment using process similarity." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546294.
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Schendel, Zachary Adam. "The irrelevant sound effect similarity of content or similarity of process? /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148590088.
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Lu, Junde. "Model migration based on process similarity /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CBME%202008%20LU.
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Kopp, A. M., and D. L. Orlovskyi. "An approach to measure similarity of business process models." Thesis, Institute for Applied System Analysis, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/36874.
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At higher levels of BPM (Business Process Management) maturity, organizations tend to accumulate considerable amounts of business process models [1]. Thus, business process model repositories may contain hundreds or even thousands models, represented using various modeling notations [2]. Since business process modeling technique is used by organizations to describe knowledge about their activities, the problem of store, share, and reuse of organizational knowledge, represented using business process models, becomes relevant. In this paper a similarity measure, used to retrieve business process models from a repository in order to their further reuse in a business process continuous improvement cycle according to BPM concept, is proposed. The problem of similar business process models retrieving has been earlier considered in studies [1, 3, 4], which propose several measures, based on label similarity, structural similarity, behavioral similarity etc.
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Koskimäki, H. (Heli). "Utilizing similarity information in industrial applications." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290398.
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Abstract
The amount of digital data surrounding us has exploded within the past years. In industry, data are gathered from different production phases with the intent to use the data to improve the overall manufacturing process. However, management and utilization of these huge data sets is not straightforward. Thus, a computer-driven approach called data mining has become an attractive research area. Using data mining methods, new and useful information can be extracted from enormous data sets.
In this thesis, diverse industrial problems are approached using data mining methods based on similarity. Similarity information is shown to give an additional advantage in different phases of manufacturing. Similarity information is utilized with smaller-scale problems, but also in a broader perspective when aiming to improve the whole manufacturing process. Different ways of utilizing similarity are also introduced. Methods are chosen to emphasize the similarity aspect; some of the methods rely entirely on similarity information, while other methods just preserve similarity information as a result.
The actual problems covered in this thesis are from quality control, process monitoring, improvement of manufacturing efficiency and model maintenance. They are real-world problems from two different application areas: spot welding and steel manufacturing. Thus, this thesis clearly shows how the industry can benefit from the presented data mining methods.
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Klinkmüller, Christopher. "Adaptive Process Model Matching." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-224884.
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Process model matchers automate the detection of activities that represent similar functionality in different models. Thus, they provide support for various tasks related to the management of business processes including model collection management and process design. Yet, prior research primarily demonstrated the matchers’ effectiveness, i.e., the accuracy and the completeness of the results. In this context (i) the size of the empirical data is often small, (ii) all data is used for the matcher development, and (iii) the validity of the design decisions is not studied. As a result, existing matchers yield a varying and typically low effectiveness when applied to different datasets, as among others demonstrated by the process model matching contests in 2013 and 2015. With this in mind, the thesis studies the effectiveness of matchers by separating development from evaluation data and by empirically analyzing the validity and the limitations of design decisions. In particular, the thesis develops matchers that rely on different sources of information. First, the activity labels are considered as natural-language descriptions and the Bag-of-Words Technique is introduced which achieves a high effectiveness in comparison to the state of the art. Second, the Order Preserving Bag-of-Words Technique analyzes temporal dependencies between activities in order to automatically configure the Bag-of-Words Technique and to improve its effectiveness. Third, expert feedback is used to adapt the matchers to the domain characteristics of process model collections. Here, the Adaptive Bag-of-Words Technique is introduced which outperforms the state-of-the-art matchers and the other matchers from this thesis.
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Vanherweg, Joseph B. R. "HYBRID ROCKET MOTOR SCALING PROCESS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1394.
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Hybrid rocket propulsion technology shows promise for the next generation of sounding rockets and small launch vehicles. This paper seeks to provide details on the process of developing hybrid propulsion systems to the academic and amateur rocket communities to assist in future research and development. Scaling hybrid rocket motors for use in sounding rockets has been a challenge due to the inadequacies in traditional boundary layer analysis. Similarity scaling is an amendment to traditional boundary layer analysis which is helpful in removing some of the past scaling challenges. Maintaining geometric similarity, oxidizer and fuel similarity and mass flow rate to port diameter similarity are the most important scaling parameters. Advances in composite technologies have also increased the performance through weight reduction of sounding rockets through and launch vehicles. Technologies such as Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPV) for use as fuel and oxidizer tanks on rockets promise great advantages in flight performance and manufacturing cost. A small scale COPV, carbon fiber ablative nozzle and a N class hybrid rocket motor were developed, manufactured and tested to support the use of these techniques in future sounding rocket development. The COPV exhibited failure within 5% of the predicted pressure and the scale motor testing was useful in identifying a number of improvements needed for future scaling work. The author learned that small scale testing is an essential step in the process of developing hybrid propulsion systems and that ablative nozzle manufacturing techniques are difficult to develop. This project has primarily provided a framework for others to build upon in the quest for a method to easily develop hybrid propulsion systems sounding rockets and launch vehicles.
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Miller, Gina L. "An empirical investigation of a categorization based model of the evaluation formation process as it pertains to set membership prediction." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29984.
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Kunze, Matthias. "Searching business process models by example." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6884/.
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Business processes are fundamental to the operations of a company.
Each product manufactured and every service provided is the result of a series of actions that constitute a business process.
Business process management is an organizational principle that makes the processes of a company explicit and offers capabilities to implement procedures, control their execution, analyze their performance, and improve them. Therefore, business processes are documented as process models that capture these actions and their execution ordering, and make them accessible to stakeholders. As these models are an essential knowledge asset, they need to be managed effectively.
In particular, the discovery and reuse of existing knowledge becomes challenging in the light of companies maintaining hundreds and thousands of process models.
In practice, searching process models has been solved only superficially by means of free-text search of process names and their descriptions. Scientific contributions are limited in their scope, as they either present measures for process similarity or elaborate on query languages to search for particular aspects. However, they fall short in addressing efficient search, the presentation of search results, and the support to reuse discovered models.
This thesis presents a novel search method, where a query is expressed by an exemplary business process model that describes the behavior of a possible answer. This method builds upon a formal framework that captures and compares the behavior of process models by the execution ordering of actions. The framework contributes a conceptual notion of behavioral distance that quantifies commonalities and differences of a pair of process models, and enables process model search.
Based on behavioral distances, a set of measures is proposed that evaluate the quality of a particular search result to guide the user in assessing the returned matches. A projection of behavioral aspects to a process model enables highlighting relevant fragments that led to a match and facilitates its reuse.
The thesis further elaborates on two search techniques that provide concrete behavioral distance functions as an instantiation of the formal framework. Querying enables search with a notion of behavioral inclusion with regard to the query. In contrast, similarity search obtains process models that are similar to a query, even if the query is not precisely matched.
For both techniques, indexes are presented that enable efficient search.
Methods to evaluate the quality and performance of process model search are introduced and applied to the techniques of this thesis. They show good results with regard to human assessment and scalability in a practical setting.Geschäftsprozesse bilden die Grundlage eines jeden Unternehmens, da jedes Produkt und jede Dienstleistung das Ergebnis einer Reihe von Arbeitsschritten sind, deren Ablauf einen Geschäftsprozess darstellen. Das Geschäftsprozessmanagement rückt diese Prozesse ins Zentrum der Betrachtung und stellt Methoden bereit, um Prozesse umzusetzen, abzuwickeln und, basierend auf einer Auswertung ihrer Ausführung, zu verbessern. Zu diesem Zweck werden Geschäftsprozesse in Form von Prozessmodellen dokumentiert, welche die auszuführenden Arbeitsschritte und ihre Ausführungsbeziehungen erfassen und damit eine wesentliche Grundlage des Geschäftsprozessmanagements bilden. Um dieses Wissen verwerten zu können, muss es gut organisiert und leicht auffindbar sein – eine schwierige Aufgabe angesichts hunderter bzw. tausender Prozessmodelle, welche moderne Unternehmen unterhalten. In der Praxis haben sich bisher lediglich einfache Suchmethoden etabliert, zum Beispiel Freitextsuche in Prozessbeschreibungen. Wissenschaftliche Ansätze hingegen betrachten Ähnlichkeitsmaße und Anfragesprachen für Prozessmodelle, vernachlässigen dabei aber Maßnahmen zur effizienten Suche, sowie die verständliche Wiedergabe eines Suchergebnisses und Hilfestellungen für dessen Verwendung. Diese Dissertation stellt einen neuen Ansatz für die Prozessmodellsuche vor, wobei statt einer Anfragesprache Prozessmodelle zur Formulierung einer Anfrage verwendet werden, welche exemplarisch das Verhalten der gesuchten Prozesse beschreiben. Dieser Ansatz fußt auf einem formalen Framework, welches ein konzeptionelles Distanzmaß zur Bewertung gemeinsamen Verhaltens zweier Geschäftsprozesse definiert und die Grundlage zur Suche bildet. Darauf aufbauend werden Qualitätsmaße vorgestellt, die einem Benutzer bei der Bewertung von Suchergebnissen behilflich sind. Verhaltensausschnitte, die zur Aufnahme in das Suchergebnis geführt haben, können im Prozessmodell hervorgehoben werden. Die Arbeit führt zwei Suchtechniken ein, die konkrete Distanzmaße einsetzen, um Prozesse zu suchen, die das Verhalten einer Anfrage exakt enthalten (Querying), oder diesem in Bezug auf das Verhalten ähnlich sind (Similarity Search). Für beide Techniken werden Indexstrukturen vorgestellt, die effizientes Suchen ermöglichen. Abschließend werden allgemeine Methoden zur Evaluierung von Prozessmodellsuchansätzen vorgestellt, mit welchen die genannten Suchtechniken überprüft werden. Im Ergebnis zeigen diese eine hohe Qualität der Suchergebnisse hinsichtlich einer Vergleichsstudie mit Prozessexperten, sowie gute Skalierbarkeit für große Prozessmodellsammlungen.
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Zhang, Yue. "Distribution of Gene Pair Similarity in Syntenic Regions Within and Between Genomes: A Branching Process Account of the Polyploidization, Speciation and Fractionation Cycle." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39684.
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The evolution of plant genomes is notable for manifesting a cycle of whole genome
doubling, fractionation (gradual loss of redundant genes) and speciation. The thesis
is based on a branching process model of the doubling and fractionation process,
integrated with a standard model of sequence divergence. The immediate application
of this work is to account for the distribution of sequence similarity for duplicate gene
pairs, both within plant genomes and between two related plant genomes in terms of
a cycle of polyploidization, fractionation and speciation.
We derive a mixture distribution for duplicate gene pair similarities generated
by speciation and/or repeated episodes of polyploidization. We account not only
for the timing of these events in terms of local modes or peaks of the component
distributions, but also their volume, or amplitude, and variance. We outline how to
infer the parameters of the model. We illustrate with analyses of the distribution
of homolog similarities in a number of plant families: Brassicaceae, Solanaceae and
Malvaceae.
To our knowledge, this is the first method to account for the volume of the
component normals of a distribution of similarities, preliminary to an evolutionarily
meaningful inference procedure.
In addition, we solve the problem of identifying the ploidy level of a series of two or three polyploidizations by invoking the observed and predicted gene triple profiles
for each model, i.e., by calculating the probability of the four types of triple with
origins in one or the other event, or both.
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Tocatlidou, Athena. "The use of evidential support logic and a new similarity measurement for fuzzy sets to model the decision making process." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337159.
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Laurinen, P. (Perttu). "A top-down approach for creating and implementing data mining solutions." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514281268.
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Abstract
The information age is characterized by ever-growing amounts of data surrounding us. By reproducing this data into usable knowledge we can start moving toward the knowledge age. Data mining is the science of transforming measurable information into usable knowledge. During the data mining process, the measurements pass through a chain of sophisticated transformations in order to acquire knowledge. Furthermore, in some applications the results are implemented as software solutions so that they can be continuously utilized. It is evident that the quality and amount of the knowledge formed is highly dependent on the transformations and the process applied. This thesis presents an application independent concept that can be used for managing the data mining process and implementing the acquired results as software applications.
The developed concept is divided into two parts – solution formation and solution implementation. The first part presents a systematic way for finding a data mining solution from a set of measurement data. The developed approach allows for easier application of a variety of algorithms to the data, manages the work chain, and differentiates between the data mining tasks. The method is based on storage of the data between the main stages of the data mining process, where the different stages of the process are defined on the basis of the type of algorithms applied to the data. The efficiency of the process is demonstrated with a case study presenting new solutions for resistance spot welding quality control.
The second part of the concept presents a component-based data mining application framework, called Smart Archive, designed for implementing the solution. The framework provides functionality that is common to most data mining applications and is especially suitable for implementing applications that process continuously acquired measurements. The work also proposes an efficient algorithm for utilizing cumulative measurement data in the history component of the framework. Using the framework, it is possible to build high-quality data mining applications with shorter development times by configuring the framework to process application-specific data. The efficiency of the framework is illustrated using a case study presenting the results and implementation principles of an application developed for predicting steel slab temperatures in a hot strip mill.
In conclusion, this thesis presents a concept that proposes solutions for two fundamental issues of data mining, the creation of a working data mining solution from a set of measurement data and the implementation of it as a stand-alone application.
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Gaigalas, Raimundas. "A Non-Gaussian Limit Process with Long-Range Dependence." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Matematiska institutionen, Univ. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3993.
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Fallas, Valverde Paula Daniela. "Improving efficiency in logistics operations of the wood fiber supply chain." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/88797.
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There is a gap in the research regarding applications of Lean tools in the wood fiber supply chain. A Value Stream Map (VSM) tool that focused on identifying Lean waste in logistic operations was developed and applied to three case study firms: a paper mill, a sawmill, and a logger. Using the VSM tool an absence of structured methods to select and assess suppliers was found, which promotes a fluctuating environment for suppliers. Therefore, a tool that implements a hierarchy system to categorize suppliers was developed, verified and validated. Through the use of the VSM implementation the author found a lack of information sharing between supply chain stakeholders, which causes a reactive environment for the industry. Improvements in wood flow planning, tract allocation, truck scheduling, and communication were projected as a future state of the system. The annual potential savings by implementing the projected improvements in the total cost were as follows for the paper mill, the sawmill, and the logger respectively: $306,232, $312,085, $756,504. As a result of the findings obtained through the VSMs, a supplier selection model was designed. The tool was implemented into software for the wood industry. The tool was then verified and validated. The verification process consisted of comparing the output through previously known results and was performed through seven interviews with different stakeholders. The appropriate application of the supplier selection tool improves the way in which companies in the wood industry select and assess their suppliers and guarantee that the best alternatives are selected.Master of Science
In the wood fiber supply chain, integration between different parties within a supply chain has proven to be a difficult task. An innovative lean-logistics tool value-streamed map (VSM) was developed to evaluate the current and future state of a supply chain Once the tool was developed it was used to map the wood fiber supply chain, determine and measure key performance metrics, calculate the cost of logistics operations, and identify potential sources of waste. Three case studies representing common wood fiber supply chains were conducted to develop three current VSMs for selected value streams. The lack of communication between supply chain partners was determined to be the most significant source of waste in all three cases. Lack of communication could lead to idle equipment, unnecessary waiting times, excessive inventories, overproduction, and excessive transportation and movement. As a result of the findings obtained through the VSMs, which revealed the absence of structured methods to select and assess suppliers, a supplier selection model was designed. The tool was implemented into software for the wood industry. The tool was then verified and validated. The verification process consisted of comparing the output through previously known results and was performed through seven interviews with different stakeholders. The appropriate application of the supplier selection tool improves the way in which companies in the wood industry select and assess their suppliers and guarantee that the best alternatives are selected, thus increasing the chance of a successful relationship and increasing the value that the company gets from its supplier base.
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Davari, Ardakani Hossein. "Prognostics and Health Management of Engineering Systems Using Minimal Sensing Techniques." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1467987980.
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Haque, Shovanur S. "Assessing the accuracy of record matching algorithms in data linkage." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123042/1/Shovanur_Haque_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis developed a Markov Chain based Monte Carlo (MaCSim) simulation approach, implemented in the R software, for assessing the accuracy of a linked file and illustrates the utility of the approach using the ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) synthetic data in realistic data settings. MaCSim, can be used either to assess a linking method or to compare multiple linking methods. The accuracy results using MaCSim can inform decisions on a preferred linking method or whether records are linkable at all. This will prove extremely important in applying analysis techniques which can adequately account for the errors associated with linkage.
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Zhu, Kai. "Web-based atmospheric nucleation data management and visualization." Scholarly Commons, 2012. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/840.
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Atmospheric nucleation is a process of phase transformation like liquid water transforming into solid or gas phase water, which serves as a significant impact on many atmospheric and technological processes. During the process of the atmospheric nucleation, certain 3D molecular models for atmospheric nucleation will be generated, which are main mixtures of water molecules and hexanol molecules. Analyzing these 3D molecular models can promote the understanding for the nucleation and growth of the particles and phases in a multi-component mixture, as well as for the changes in climate and weather. Therefore, the research for atmospheric nucleation can be transformed into the research for the 3D molecular visualizations and comparisons, which are the similarity calculations. Unfortunately, the research on understanding atmospheric nucleation processes is restricted due to the lack of efficient visual data exploration tools. In this paper, the issue of lacking efficient data visualization tools is tackled by implementing our own application to visualize the atmospheric nucleation. The similarity
calculation for these 3D molecules is implemented in order to analyze and compare the atmospheric nucleation processes and molecular models. Admittedly, there are various 3D molecular similarity calculation algorithms, such as clique-detection algorithms and point matching, etc; however, these algorithms are specifically utilized in the fields of protein amino-acids and pharmacophore. Due to the large scale of the atmospheric nucleation data, GPU (Graphical Processing Units) is employed in order to significantly reduce the computation times. This is achieved by utilizing CUDA (Compute Uniform Device Architecture) technology which allows us to execute our algorithm in a parallel method.
Furthermore, in this research, the knowledge of hypertree visualization is intended to be utilized to enhance the previously developed web-based visualization and analysis tool that allows remote users to effectively mine the wealth of particle-based nucleation simulation data. The research goal is to speed up knowledge discovery and improve users' productivity through effective data visualization technique and more friendly user interface design. Meanwhile, a feasible parallel computing solution is developed to overcome the slow response due to expensive large data pre-processing. The core research of my thesis is to calculate the similarity between the distinct 3D molecules.
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Yu, Jodie Wei. "Investigation of New Forward Osmosis Draw Agents and Prioritization of Recent Developments of Draw Agents Using Multi-criteria Decision Analysis." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2185.
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Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging technology for water treatment due to their ability to draw freshwater using an osmotic pressure gradient across a semi-permeable membrane. However, the lack of draw agents that could both produce reasonable flux and be separated from the draw solution at a low cost stand in the way of widespread implementation. This study had two objectives: evaluate the performance of three materials — peptone, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) — as potential draw agents, and to use multi-criteria decision matrices to systematically prioritize known draw agents from literature for research investigation. Peptone showed water flux and reverse solute flux values comparable to other organic draw agents. CMC’s high viscosity made it impractical to use and is not recommended as a draw agent. Fe3O4 NPs showed average low fluxes (e.g., 2.14 LMH) but discrete occurrences of high flux values (e.g., 14 LMH) were observed during FO tests. This result indicates that these nanoparticles have potential as draw agents but further work is needed to optimize the characteristics of the nanoparticle suspension. Separation of the nanoparticles from the product water using coagulation was shown to be theoretically possible if only electrostatic and van der Waals forces are taken into account, not steric repulsion. If coagulation is to be considered for separation, research efforts on development of nanoparticle suspensions as FO draw agents should focus on development of electrostatically stabilized nanoparticles. A combination of Fe3O4 NP and peptone showed a higher flux than Fe3O4 NPs alone, but did not produce additive or synergistic flux. This warrants further research to investigate more combinations of draw agents to achieve higher flux than that obtained by individual draw agents.
Potential draw agents were prioritized by conducting a literature review of draw agents, extracting data on evaluation criteria for draw agents developed over the past five years, using these data to rank the draw agents using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS). The evaluation criteria used in the ranking matrices were water flux, reverse solute flux, replenishment cost, regeneration cost, and regeneration efficacy. The results showed that the top five ranked draw agents were P-2SO3-2Na, TPHMP-Na, PEI-600P-Na, NaCl, and NH4-CO2. The impact of the assumption made during the multi-criteria decision analysis process was evaluated through sensitivity analyses altering criterion weighting and including more criteria. This ranking system provided recommendations for future research and development on draw agents by highlighting research gaps.
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Lamine, Salem. "Processus de Markov multi-auto-similaires à valeurs dans IRd." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0055.
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Le but de ma thèse est d’étudier les processus de Markov multi-auto-similaires (mssMp’s) à valeurs dans R^d, introduits par Jacobsen et Yor en 2006 dans le but d'étendre la fameuse représentation de Lamperti aux processus à valeurs dans R_+^d. Une description complète de ces processus est donnée, et plusieurs propriétés élémentaires de ces processus sont prouvées dans ce travail. En particulier on donne dans le deuxième chapitre la forme de leur espace d’états, et on montre qu’il n’y a pas une loi d’entrée en 0. On donne également des conditions sous lesquelles ces processus satisfont la propriété de Feller. Une représentation de type Lamperti est encore vraie pour les mssMp’s et on prouve qu’il y a une bijection entre l’ensemble des mssMp’s à valeurs dans R^d, et l’ensemble des processus de Markov additifs à valeurs dans {-1,1}^d×R^d. Ceci nous a permis d’établir dans le troisième chapitre certaines propriétés d’inversion, de dualité et de conditionnement des mssMp’s. En particulier on construit sous certaines hypothèses une fonction excessive h pour un étant donné mssMp. On montre que le h-transformée de Doob est interprété comme le processus initial conditionné à éviter 0 ou à être absorbé continûment en 0. On montre aussi sous certaines conditions de réversibilité que les mssMp’s ont la propriété d’inversion d’espaceThis thesis aims at studying all R^d-valued multi-self-similar Markov processes (mssMp’s), introduced by Jacobsen and Yor in 2003 in the aim of extending the famous Lamperti transformation to R_+^d -valued processes. A full description of these processes is given and many properties of these processes are proved in this work. In particular, we give in the second chapter the form of their state space,and we show that there is no finite entrance law at 0. We give conditions for these processes to satisfy the Feller property. A Lamperti-type representation is also valid for mssMp’s and there is a one-to-one relationship between the set of R^d-valued mssMp’s and the set of Markov additive processes with values in {-1,1}^d×R^d. This allowed us to establish, in the third chapter some properties of inversion, duality and conditioning of mssMp’s. In particular, we build under some assumptions an excessive function h for a give nmssMp. Then we show that the Doob h-transformis interpreted as the original process conditioned to avoid 0 or to hit 0 continuously. We show also under some reversibility conditions, that mssMp’s have the space inversion property
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Pires, Deivid William [UNESP]. "Influência da Motilidade Gastrintestinal no processo de desintegração de comprimidos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138752.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A via oral de administração de fármacos é seguramente a mais empregada, não apenas pela facilidade de administração, mas também pela adesão do paciente ao tratamento. Dentre as formas de apresentação oral, os comprimidos são os mais utilizados, uma vez que são apresentações bastante seguras e estáveis. Para o desenvolvimento de novas formulações é essencial o conhecimento de parâmetros fisiológicos que possam influenciar no desempenho da forma farmacêutica. É possível supor que parâmetros da atividade motora do trato gastrintestinal podem trazer implicações significativas na biodisponibilidade de fármacos administrados por via oral. A Prucaloprida é um agonista do receptor 4-serotonina com conhecidos efeitos colocinéticos e possíveis efeitos procinéticos, acelerando a propulsão do conteúdo lumial. Assim, estudar o efeito da Prucaloprida no trânsito gastrintestinal se torna importante, já que pode influenciar no processo de desintegração de comprimidos e na biodisponibilidade de um fármaco. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da Prucaloprida no Trânsito Gastrintestinal e como esse efeito influi nos processos de desintegração de um comprimido e na biodisponibilidade do Metronidazol (marcador farmacocinético). Foram produzidos lotes de comprimidos contendo 100 mg de metronidazol, com e sem adição de ferrita na formulação, para estudar os fatores de correlação entre os perfis de dissolução, in vitro, e verificar a influência da ferrita no processo de dissolução do fármaco. Cada lote foi avaliado através de testes farmacotécnicos e avaliados segundo o perfil de dissolução. Para os experimentos in vivo, cada voluntário foi submetido a duas fases de estudos, em dias distintos, para avaliar a biodisponibilidade do metronidazol. Os dispositivos BAC multissensor e monossensor foram empregados para a avaliação em tempo real do processo de desintegração do comprimido e avaliar os parâmetros de trânsito no trato gastrintestinal. Os lotes de comprimidos com e sem ferrita tiveram perfis de dissolução significativamente diferentes para concentração dissolvida e eficiência de dissolução, mas apresentaram similaridade segundo o fator f2 proposto por Moore & Flaner, 1996, com variação máxima de 10% entre elas. Nos ensaios in vivo, o efeito do tratamento por prucaloprida provocou significativa redução no TEG e na biodisponibilidade do metronidazol sérico. A Prucaloprida, em dose de 1 mg, apresentou efeitos significativos no Trânsito Gastrintestinal e em parâmetros da biodisponibilidade do Metronidazol (MT), devido a rápida exposição do conteúdo gástrico ao intestino delgado e, dessa forma, alterando significativamente a taxa de absorção do MT.
The oral route of drugs administration is surely the most used, not only for being easily employed, but also due to the patient adhesion. Among them, tablets are the most common, since they present safe and stable features. In order to develop new formulations, it is essential to acknowledge some physiological parameters and their influence on the pharmaceutical form performance. It is possible to speculate that motor activity parameters of the gastrointestinal tract might interfere in the drug availability after oral administration. Prucalopride is a 4-serotonine receptor agonist with known colonkinetic and possible prokinetic effects, which accelerates the luminal content propulsion. Therefore, it is important to study its effects on the gastrointestinal transit, since it might influence the tablet disintegration process and bioavailability. The objective of this study was to assess the Prucalopride effect on the gastrointestinal transit and how it affects the tablet disintegration process and the Metronidazol (pharmacokinetic marker) bioavailability. Tablet batches were produced, 100 mg of Metronidazol, with and without ferrite, in order to study correlation factors between the in vitro dissolution process for each batch. The influence of the ferrite in the drug dissolution process was also evaluated. Each batch was assessed by pharmacokinetic tests and by their dissolution profile. On regards to the in vivo experiment, each volunteer was submitted to a two phase study, in distinct days, in order to assess the metronidazol bioavailability. Both monossensor and multissensor ACB systems were employed in the real time evaluation of the tablet disintegration process and in the assessment on the gastrointestinal transit parameters. Both tablet batches (with and without ferrite) showed different dissolution profiles for dissolved concentration and dissolution efficiency, although some similarities were found in the f2 factor, proposed by Moore & Flaner, 1996, with maximum variation of 10% between them. Regarding the in vivo study, the prucalopride treatment demonstrated a significant reduction effect in the gastric emptying time and in the serum metronidazol bioavailability. The prucalopride, at 1 mg, produced significant effects in the gastrointestinal transit and in the metronidazol bioavailability due to the fast exposure of the gastric content to the small bowel and, therefore, modifying significantly, the metronidazol absorption rate.
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Santos, Juliana Bonato dos. "Automatizando o processo de estimativa de revocação e precisão de funções de similaridade." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15889.
Full textAbstract:
Os mecanismos tradicionais de consulta a bases de dados, que utilizam o critério de igualdade, têm se tornado ineficazes quando os dados armazenados possuem variações tanto ortográficas quanto de formato. Nesses casos, torna-se necessário o uso de funções de similaridade ao invés dos operadores booleanos. Os mecanismos de consulta por similaridade retornam um ranking de elementos ordenados pelo seu valor de similaridade em relação ao objeto consultado. Para delimitar os elementos desse ranking que efetivamente fazem parte do resultado pode-se utilizar um limiar de similaridade. Entretanto, a definição do limiar de similaridade adequado é complexa, visto que este valor varia de acordo com a função de similaridade usada e a semântica dos dados consultados. Uma das formas de auxiliar na definição do limiar adequado é avaliar a qualidade do resultado de consultas que utilizam funções de similaridade para diferentes limiares sobre uma amostra da coleção de dados. Este trabalho apresenta um método automático de estimativa da qualidade de funções de similaridade através de medidas de revocação e precisão computadas para diferentes limiares. Os resultados obtidos a partir da aplicação desse método podem ser utilizados como metadados e, a partir dos requisitos de uma aplicação específica, auxiliar na definição do limiar mais adequado. Este processo automático utiliza métodos de agrupamento por similaridade, bem como medidas para validar os grupos formados por esses métodos, para eliminar a intervenção humana durante a estimativa de valores de revocação e precisão.Traditional database query mechanisms, which use the equality criterion, have become inefficient when the stored data have spelling and format variations. In such cases, it's necessary to use similarity functions instead of boolean operators. Query mechanisms that use similarity functions return a ranking of elements ordered by their score in relation to the query object. To define the relevant elements that must be returned in this ranking, a threshold value can be used. However, the definition of the appropriated threshold value is complex, because it depends on the similarity function used and the semantics of the queried data. One way to help to choose an appropriate threshold is to evaluate the quality of similarity functions results using different thresholds values on a database sample. This work presents an automatic method to estimate the quality of similarity functions through recall and precision measures computed for different thresholds. The results obtained by this method can be used as metadata and, through the requirements of an specific application, assist in setting the appropriated threshold value. This process uses clustering methods and cluster validity measures to eliminate human intervention during the process of estimating recall and precision.
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Pires, Deivid William. "Influência da Motilidade Gastrintestinal no processo de desintegração de comprimidos." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138752.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: José Ricardo de Arruda MirandaResumo: A via oral de administração de fármacos é seguramente a mais empregada, não apenas pela facilidade de administração, mas também pela adesão do paciente ao tratamento. Dentre as formas de apresentação oral, os comprimidos são os mais utilizados, uma vez que são apresentações bastante seguras e estáveis. Para o desenvolvimento de novas formulações é essencial o conhecimento de parâmetros fisiológicos que possam influenciar no desempenho da forma farmacêutica. É possível supor que parâmetros da atividade motora do trato gastrintestinal podem trazer implicações significativas na biodisponibilidade de fármacos administrados por via oral. A Prucaloprida é um agonista do receptor 4-serotonina com conhecidos efeitos colocinéticos e possíveis efeitos procinéticos, acelerando a propulsão do conteúdo lumial. Assim, estudar o efeito da Prucaloprida no trânsito gastrintestinal se torna importante, já que pode influenciar no processo de desintegração de comprimidos e na biodisponibilidade de um fármaco. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da Prucaloprida no Trânsito Gastrintestinal e como esse efeito influi nos processos de desintegração de um comprimido e na biodisponibilidade do Metronidazol (marcador farmacocinético). Foram produzidos lotes de comprimidos contendo 100 mg de metronidazol, com e sem adição de ferrita na formulação, para estudar os fatores de correlação entre os perfis de dissolução, in vitro, e verificar a influência da ferrita no processo de dissolução do fárm... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The oral route of drugs administration is surely the most used, not only for being easily employed, but also due to the patient adhesion. Among them, tablets are the most common, since they present safe and stable features. In order to develop new formulations, it is essential to acknowledge some physiological parameters and their influence on the pharmaceutical form performance. It is possible to speculate that motor activity parameters of the gastrointestinal tract might interfere in the drug availability after oral administration. Prucalopride is a 4-serotonine receptor agonist with known colonkinetic and possible prokinetic effects, which accelerates the luminal content propulsion. Therefore, it is important to study its effects on the gastrointestinal transit, since it might influence the tablet disintegration process and bioavailability. The objective of this study was to assess the Prucalopride effect on the gastrointestinal transit and how it affects the tablet disintegration process and the Metronidazol (pharmacokinetic marker) bioavailability. Tablet batches were produced, 100 mg of Metronidazol, with and without ferrite, in order to study correlation factors between the in vitro dissolution process for each batch. The influence of the ferrite in the drug dissolution process was also evaluated. Each batch was assessed by pharmacokinetic tests and by their dissolution profile. On regards to the in vivo experiment, each volunteer was submitted to a two phase study, in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Santos, Luana Martins dos. "Diversidade microbiana em substratos descartados durante as fases do processo de produ??o de mudas clonais de eucalipto." UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1381.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
A produ??o de muda ? uma etapa primordial e decisiva para a implanta??o de uma floresta. No entanto, devido a diversos fatores de ordem t?cnica, as perdas no setor de produ??o s?o bastante relevantes. Dentre estes fatores est? o descarte do substrato, que quando feito de forma err?nea favorece a prolifera??o de micro-organismos fitopatog?nicos em viveiro. Isso pode desencadear em perdas significativas e ainda se tornar um passivo ambiental. Raramente o substrato ? reutilizado nos viveiros comerciais, uma vez que presume-se que as caracter?sticas f?sica, qu?mica e biol?gicas formam perdidas durante a produ??o das mudas. Contudo, h? poucos estudos sobre micro-organismos em substratos. A import?ncia deste estudo fundamenta-se na escassez de pesquisa sobre essa problem?tica que afeta o setor de produ??o de mudas, bem como buscar alternativas sustent?veis que pressup?e a demanda de uso desse insumo. A aplica??o de t?cnicas moleculares vem sendo empregadas para detectar e identificar os micro-organismos em diversos ambientes. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi detectar a diversidade microbiol?gica em amostras de substratos descartados pela t?cnica de PCR-RFLP. Foram coletados dez amostras de substratos em diferentes viveiros no estado de Minas Gerais em diferentes fases de produ??o e estado de tecnifica??o. O DNA gen?mico total foi extra?do e amplificado pela t?cnica de PCR com oligonucleot?deos espec?ficos para fungos, bact?ria e archaea. Os produtos amplificados foram submetidos ? clivagem com enzimas de restri??o HaeIII, BamHI, TaqI e HindIII, para detec??o de poss?veis polimorfismos entre as amostras por meio da t?cnica de PCR-RFLP. Foi poss?vel verificar diferen?as entre as amostras de substratos, tanto em rela??o ao tamanho da regi?o do DNA amplificada, bem como em rela??o ? presen?a de s?tios de restri??o. Com base no ?ndice de similaridade, detectou-se uma maior varia??o da diversidade dentro da amostra em diferentes fases do que nas amostras entre os diferentes viveiros. Portanto, estes resultados podem ser relevantes para o conhecimento da diversidade microbiol?gica em substrato. Por?m mais estudos se fazem necess?rios para maior compreens?o destes micro-organismos e sua fun??o no substrato.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.
The production of changes is a crucial and decisive step for the implementation of a forest. However, due to several technical factors, losses in the production sector are quite relevant. Among these factors is the disposal of substrate, which when done wrongly favors the proliferation of phytopathogenic microorganisms in nursery. This can trigger significant losses and still become a environmental liabilities. Rarely the substrate is reused in commercial nurseries, since it is assumed that the physical, chemical and biological characteristics were lost during the production of seedlings. However, there are few studies on microorganisms on substrates. The importance of this study is based on the scarcity of research on this issue that affects the production of seedlings, as well as seek sustainable alternatives that assumes the use of this raw material demand. The application of molecular techniques have been employed to detect and identify microorganisms in various environments. In this context, the objective of this study was to detect microbiological diversity in substrate samples dropped by PCR-RFLP technique. Ten samples were collected of substrates in different nurseries in the State of Minas Gerais in different stages of production and State of modern farms. Total genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by the PCR technique with specific oligonucleotides to fungi, bacteria and archaea. The amplified products were submitted to cleavage with HaeIII restriction enzymes, BamHI, HindIII, and TaqI for detection of possible polymorphisms between the samples by PCR-RFLP technique. It was possible to check differences between samples of substrates, both in relation to the size of the amplified DNA region as well as in relation to the presence of restriction sites. Based on the index of similarity, if a greater variation of diversity within the sample at different stages than in samples between different nurseries. Therefore, these results may be relevant to the knowledge of microbiological diversity in substrate. However more studies are needed to better understanding of these microorganisms and their role in the substrate.
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León, Olivares Alejandro Samir. "Detección de Anomalías en Procesos Industriales Usando Modelos Basados en Similitud." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104422.
Full textAbstract:
La detección de anomalías en procesos industriales es un tema de alto impacto que ha sido analizado y estudiado en diversas áreas de la ingeniería e investigación. La mayor parte de los métodos de detección actualmente disponibles posibilitan el estudio de las irregularidades encontradas en el historial de un proceso, ayudando a extraer información significativa (y a veces crítica) en una amplia variedad de aplicaciones, y convirtiéndose de este modo en parta fundamental e integral de esquemas de reducción de costos tanto humanos como económicos en la industria contemporánea.
El objetivo general de este trabajo es desarrollar e implementar un enfoque modular de detección de anomalías, aplicable a procesos industriales multivariados y fundado en el análisis de residuos generados a partir de modelos no paramétricos basados en similitud (similarity-based modeling, SBM). La herramienta consiste principalmente de un sistema de generación automática de modelos SBM, una metodología de estudio de eventos y un algoritmo estadístico de detección.
El trabajo realizado se enmarca en un proyecto de colaboración conjunta entre las empresas CONTAC, INGENIEROS LTDA. y ENDESA-CHILE. Gracias a esto, ha sido posible evaluar el sistema propuesto utilizando datos de operación correspondientes a una central termoeléctrica de ciclo combinado perteneciente a la segunda empresa ya mencionada.
Las comparaciones en cuanto al desempeño del sistema de modelación implementado permiten concluir que el algoritmo es capaz de generar una representación más apropiada del proceso, basado en el error obtenido con la técnica de modelación SBM, la cual es cercana al 25% del error obtenido con la técnica de modelación lineal en los parámetros.
Además, la metodología de estudio de eventos permite detectar correctamente las variables que no aportan al objetivo de detección de un evento en particular, así como también identifica las variables más significativas para lograr tal propósito, reduciendo el número de variables analizadas y con esto, los requerimientos de cómputo de operación en línea.
La validación de los resultados entregados por el método de detección de anomalías desarrollado, permite aseverar que la utilización de modelos no-paramétricos tipo SBM, en combinación con la metodología de estudio de eventos y el algoritmo estadístico de detección, resultan eficaces a la hora de generar alarmas y detectar las anomalías estudiadas.
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Tozzola, Matteo. "Analisi del problema dell'assegnamento di task opzionali a stazioni in un processo di assemblaggio mediante algoritmi di clustering: caso studio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17892/.
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L'elaborato affronta una delle sfide organizzative innovative nell'ambito dei processi produttivi, ovvero la gestione della presenza, all'interno del portafoglio di task da eseguire in un processo di assemblaggio, di task opzionali non richiesti dal 100% degli ordini in ingresso.
In particolare viene proposta una procedura di clustering di tali task opzionali basata su un indice di similarità problem-oriented e sull'applicazione dell'algoritmo UPGMA. Tali task clusterizzati verranno poi assegnati alle stazioni della linea di assemblaggio seguendo apposite linee guida a cui viene affiancato un modello di ottimizzazione. L'analisi viene correlata da un caso studio e da una breve cluster analysis con l'identificazione di appositi KPI.
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Shah, Raza. "Property inference decision-making and decision switching of undergraduate engineers : implications for ideational diversity & fluency through movements in a Cartesian concept design space." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278700.
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Design fixation is a phenomenon experienced by professional designers and engineering design students that stifles creativity and innovation through discouraging ideational productivity, fluency and diversity. During the design idea and concept generation phase of the design process, a reliance on perceptual surface feature similarities between design artefacts increases the likelihood of design fixation leading to design duplication. Psychologists, educators and designers have become increasingly interested in creative idea generation processes that encourage innovation and entrepreneurial outcomes. However, there is a notable lack of collaborative research between psychology, education and engineering design particularly on inductive reasoning of undergraduate engineering students in higher education. The data gathered and analysed for this study provides an insight into property inference decision-making preferences and decision switching (SWITCH) patterns of engineering undergraduates under similarity-based inductive judgements [SIM] and category-based inductive judgements [CAT]. For this psychology experiment, property induction tasks were devised using abstract shapes in a triad configuration. Participants (N = 180), on an undergraduate engineering programme in London, observed a triad of shapes with a target shape more similar-looking to one of two given shapes. Factors manipulated for this experiment included category alignment, category group, property type and target shape. Despite the cognitive development and maturation stage of undergraduate engineers (adults) in higher education, this study identified similarity-based inductive judgements [SIM] to play a significant role during inductive reasoning relative to the strength of category-based inductive judgements [CAT]. In addition to revealing the property inference decision-making preferences of a sample of undergraduate engineers (N = 180), two types of switch classification and two types of non-switch classification (SWITCH) were found and named SIM_NCC, SIM-Salient, Reverse_CAT and CAT_Switching. These different classifications for property inference switching and non-switching presented a more complex pattern of decision-making driven by the relative strength between similarity-based inductive judgements [SIM] and category-based inductive judgements [CAT]. The conditions that encouraged CAT_Switching is of particular interest to design because it corresponds to inference decision switching that affirms the sharing of properties between dissimilar-looking shapes designated as category members, i.e., in a conflicting category alignment condition (CoC). For CAT_Switching, this study found a significant interaction between a particular set of conditions that significantly increased the likelihood of property inference decisions switching to affirm the sharing of properties between dissimilar-looking shapes. Stimuli conditions that combined a conflicting category alignment condition (where dissimilar-looking shapes belong to the same category) with category specificity, a causal property and a target shape with merged (or blended) perceptual surface features significantly increased the likelihood of a property inference decision switching. CAT_Switching has important implications for greater ideational productivity, fluency and diversity to discourage design fixation within the conceptual design space. CAT_Switching conditions could encourage more creative design transformations with alternative design functions through inductive inferences that generalise between dissimilar artefact designs. The findings from this study led to proposing a Cartesian view of the concept design space to represent the possibilities for greater movements through flexible and expanding category boundaries to encourage conceptual combinations, greater ideational fluency and greater ideational diversity within a configuration design space. This study has also created a platform for further research into property inference decision-making, ideational diversity and category boundary flexibility under stimuli conditions that encourage designers and design students to make inductive generalisations between dissimilar domains of knowledge through a greater emphasis on causal relations and semantic networks.
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Marchese, Andrea. "Ottimizzazione del processo di definizione del valore dei ricambi in una azienda produttrice di beni strumentali: il caso SACMI S.C." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16601/.
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Nel lavoro seguente è stato affrontato il tema del prezzo di vendita dei ricambi all’interno di una azienda produttrice di beni strumentali. Il progetto è stato sviluppato in collaborazione con SACMI S.C., in particolar modo con la funzione After-Sales appartenente alla divisione Closures & Containers.
Dopo una prima parte introduttiva riguardante il mondo After-Sales è stato introdotto il mondo dei ricambi descrivendone con un discreto grado di dettaglio le diverse caratteristiche che lo contraddistinguono. Nei capitoli successivi, nel cuore dell’elaborato quindi, viene proposto uno processo finalizzato alla determinazione del prezzo di vendita. Il processo risulta suddiviso in vari sotto-obiettivi da perseguire, ognuno dei quali funzionali e propedeutici al macro-obiettivo finale. Tale processo prevede l’identificazione di famiglie di prodotto simili che permettono di snellire il numero di prodotti da gestire e calcolare il prezzo in maniera più semplice. Al fine creare al meglio le diverse famiglie di prodotto è previsto l’utilizzo di fondamenti di Cellular Manufacturing: algoritmi di clustering, indici di similarità.
Nei capitoli finali sono riportati diversi test eseguiti a varie famiglie di prodotto SACMI, nei quali è stato applicato il processo proposto al fine di valutarne la bontà operativa. Alla luce dei risultati riportati dai test e dalle diverse potenzialità applicative emerse è verosimile che tale processo in particolare e strumenti di cellular manufacturing più in generale, possano essere applicati anche nel mondo del After-Sales.
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Saksrisathaporn, Krittiya. "A multi-criteria decision support system using knowledge management and project life cycle approach : application to humanitarian supply chain management." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO22016/document.
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Cette thèse vise à contribuer à la compréhension des cycle de vie d’une opération humanitaire (HOLC). Gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement humanitaire (HSCM) dans un contexte de mise en perspective et dans l’objectif de proposer un modèle décisionnel qui s'applique aux phases de HOLC lors d’une situation réelle. Cela inclut la mise en oeuvre du modèle proposé pour concevoir et développer un outil d'aide à la décision afin d'améliorer les performances de la logistique humanitaire tant dans les opérations de secours nationaux qu’internationaux.Cette recherche est divisée en trois phases. La première partie vise à présenter le sens de l'étude ; la zone de recherche prise en compte pour la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement (SCM) doit être clairement définie. La première phase consiste à clarifier et définir le HSCM HL, la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement commerciale (CSCM) et le SCM, ainsi que la relation entre ces différents éléments. La gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLCM) et les différentes approches sont également présentés. La compréhension de la différence entre la gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLM) et la PLCM est également nécessaire, cela ne peut être abordé dans la phase de cycle de vie de l'opération humanitaire. De plus, les modèles Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) et l’aide à la décision concernant le HL sont analysés pour établir le fossé existant en matière de recherche. Les approches MCDM qui mettent en oeuvre le système d'aide à la décision (DSS) et la manière dont le MAS a été utilisé dans le contexte HSCM sont étudiées.La deuxième phase consiste en la proposition d’un modèle décisionnel fondé sur l’approche MCDM à l'appui de la décision du décideur avant qu'il/elle prenne des mesures. Ce modèle prévoit le classement des alternatives concernant l'entrepôt, le fournisseur et le transport au cours des phases de HOLC. Le modèle décisionnel proposé est réalisée en 3 scénarios. I. La décision en 4phases HOLC – opération de secours internationale de la Croix-Rouge Française (CRF). II. La décision en3phases HOLC – opération nationale dela Croix-Rouge thaïlandaise (TRC). III. La décision au niveau de la phase de réponse HOLC – opération internationale du TRC dans quatre pays. Dans cette phase, le scénario I et II sont réalisés étape par étape au travers de calculs numériques et formules mathématiques. Le scénario III sera présenté dans la troisième phase. Pour établir trois scénarios, les données internes recueillies lors des entretiens avec le chef de la logistique de la Croix-Rouge Française, et le vice-président de la fondation de la Coix-Rouge thaïlandaise, seront utilisées. Les données externes proviennent de chercheurs qui sont des experts dans le domaine HL ou le champ du HSCM, de la littérature, et de sources issues des organismes humanitaires (documents d’ateliers, rapports, informations publiées sur leurs sites officiels).Dans la troisième phase, une application Internet multi-critères (decision support system MCDSS WB) mettant en oeuvre le modèle proposé est élaborée. Afin d'atteindre une décision appropriée en temps réel, le WB-MCDSS est développé sur la base d’un protocole client-serveur et est simple à utiliser. Le dernier mais non le moindre ; une application de validation du modèle est réalisée à l'aide de l'approche de l'analyse de sensibilitéThis thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of HOLC in context of the HSCM and to propose a decision model which applies to the phases of HOLC the decision making regarding a real situation . This include the implementation of the proposed model to design and develop a decision support tool in order to improve the performance of humanitarian logistics in both national and international relief operations.This research is divided into three phases; the first phase is to clarify and define HL among HSCM, commercial supply chain management (CSCM) and SCM and their relationship. Project Life Cycle Management (PLCM) approaches are also presented. The difference between project life cycle management (PLM) and PLCM is also required to distinguish a clear understanding which can be addressed in the phase of humanitarian operation life cycle. Additionally, the literature of Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models and existing decision aid system for HL are analyzed to establish the research gap. The MCDM approaches which implement the decision support system (DSS) and lastly how DSS has been used in the HSCM context.The second phase is to propose a decision model based on MCDM approaches to support the decision of the decision maker before he/she takes action. This model provides the ranking alternatives to warehouse, supplier and transportation over the phases of HOLC. The proposed decision model is conducted in 3 scenarios; I. The decision in 4-phase HOLC, international relief operation of French Red Cross (FRC). II. The decision on 3-phase HOLC, national operation by the Thai Red Cross (TRC). III. The decision on response phase HOLC, international operation by the FRC in four countries. In this phase, the scenario I and II are performed step by step though numerical calculation and mathematical formulas. The scenario III will be presented in the third phase.In the third phase, an application of web-based multi-criteria decision support system (WB-MCDSS) which implement the proposed model is developed. The web-based multi-criteria decision support system is developed based on the integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and TOPSIS approaches. In order to achieve an appropriate decision in a real time response, the WB-MCDSS is developed based on server-client protocol and is simple to operate. Last but not least, a validation application of the model is performed using the sensitivity analysis approach
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Chang, Hsiu Yu, and 張修毓. "A study on consensus-reaching process using intuitionistic fuzzy similarity." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58304858306469129870.
Full textAbstract:
碩士長庚大學
資訊管理學研究所
97
There are many decisions to make in our daily lives. When facing some problems, group decision is often more reliable than individual decision. More over, the consensus-reaching process is considered the most important process in all group decision methods. Implementing intuitionistic fuzzy similarities into such process can lower the degree of hesitation during group decision. In this research, we proceeded a simulation experiment in the consensus-reaching process with intuitionistic fuzzy similarity. The simulation data included different sizes of decision matrices in different number of alternatives, attributes, and experts. Then we compare each similarity measure arranged by previous researchers according to the ranking results. Finally, we discussed the result of alternative ranking influenced by all kinds of intuitionistic fuzzy similarities. According to our experiment analysis, when few experts participate, most of the intuitionistic fuzzy similarities resulted in similar ranking during the consensus-reaching process. Nevertheless, the rankings diversed as the number of experts increased from 3 to 12, and the Spearman correlation coefficient finally resulted in -0.5. As a result, when carrying out consensus-reaching process with intuitionistic fuzzy similarity in group decision, we should be cautious with the similarity measures according to the number of experts participated in decisions.
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Juang, Jing-Bin, and 莊景彬. "Similarity and Flow Visualization of Scavenging Process in Two-Stroke Engine." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73883837587677335516.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
機械工程研究所
82
In a two-stroke-cycle engine, the most important factor in the performance of combustion is the scavenging process. Based on the similarity law, a flow visualization rig is used to simulate a loop-scavenged two-stroke engine in the paper. Basic solution and acid solution are used as the fresh charge and the residual gas, respectively. A PH indicator is also added to the test rig to distinguish basic solution from acid solution by the change of the indicator's color. The scavenging process is analyzed by the instantaneous iso-concentration profiles in different mixing strength of the solution, speed of crankshaft and pressure difference between inlet and outlet. By analyzing the composition of the exhaust fluid, the scavenge efficiency and delivery ratio can also be estimated. The experiment results should be useful in the design of the geometry of the cylinder and the orientation of the inlet port to reduce the fuel comsumption and the exhaust pollution.
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Huang, Chien-Chia, and 黃建家. "Fluid Flow and Thermal Similarity Study for the Formation of Solid Mushroom in Iron Ore Smelting Reduction Process." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31396164958833699299.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系碩博士班
92
This research is divided into two parts mainly; one part of this research discusses the heat conducting effect of the mushroom-shaped solid near the bottom-blown tuyere for conditions of smelting reduction iron-making proccess, and derives the dimensionless groups and heat conduction dimensionless equation by considering the physical parameters of formation of mushroom-shaped solid. At the same time, this research uses the numerical simulation to simulate the shape of mushroon-shaped solid, and compares with water model experimental results. Another part of this research uses SOLA-MAC simulation method to develop gas-liquid-slag phases flow analysis, and simulates distributions of flow field in the smelting reduction iron-making furnace for different conditions of bottom-blown, and verifies the numerical simulation results and water model experimental results than correctly. This research discusses the formation and size of mushroom-shaped solid by two ways, one way adopts dimensional analytic method according to Bunkinghum Pi Theory with the heat coducting analysis of the model system and considering the physical parameter, and uses dimensionless analysis to derive the dimensionless groups between cold model and hot model system. Another way uses mathematic equations to decribe heat conduction of mushroom-shaped solid, and mathematic equations are treated by dimensionless analysis. According to Fourier's heat conduction law, this research derives a heat conducting dimensionless equation, it can be applied to cold model or hot model system. This research uses the above-mentioned two ways to discuss the heat similarity of dimensionless groups and heat conducting dimensionless equation, and establishes the similarity analysis method between cold model and hot model system. According to solidification and heat conducting theory, this research assumes that the region of bottom-blown tuyere in the smelting reduction iron-making furnace is a heat absorption region, and simulates the shape of mushroom-shaped solid in the heat absorption region by the heat conducting equation between water and this heat absorption region. This research investigates the influence of different shape of heat absorption region for the shape of mushroom-shaped solid. This research compares the results between numerical simulation and cold model experiment, it can be known that the shape of mushroom-shape solid is hemisphere-shaped without flowing influence, and the numerical simulation results are similar to cold model experimental results. In additional, this research use SOLA-MAc simulation method to develop gas-liquid-slag phases flow analysis, and uses the Quasi-Single Phase concept to deal with gas-liquid phases region, and uses the Marker and Cell (MAC) method to treat free surface problems, and uses set of marker particles to simulate the agitation of the smelting slag layers above the surface of the steel liquid. Finally, this research uses the simulation system to investigate the distribution of flow field for different conditions of bottom-blown. According to the results of gas-liquid-slag phases numerical simulation, with an increase in gas flow rate, the agitation of the liquid surface and the flow field will become larger. Furthermore, the agitation of the slag is affected by magnitude of gas flow rate. With an increase in gas flow rate, the agitation of the slag will become more violent and the slag will be carried deeper into the liquid as the gas flow rate increases. It is useful for the reduction efficiency of iron oxide in slag.
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Oliveira, Monica S. N., Roger Yeh, and Gareth H. McKinley. "Iterated Stretching, Extensional Rheology and Formation of Beads-on-a-String Structures in Polymer Solutions." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31210.
Full textAbstract:
The transient extensional rheology and the dynamics of elastocapillary thinning in aqueous solutions of polyethylene oxide (PEO) are studied with high-speed digital video microscopy. At long times, the evolution of the thread radius deviates from self-similar exponential decay and competition between elastic, capillary and inertial forces leads to the formation of a periodic array of beads connected by axially-uniform ligaments. This configuration is unstable and successive instabilities propagate from the necks connecting the beads and ligaments. This iterated process results in multiple generations of beads developing along the string in general agreement with predictions of Chang et al. [Phys Fluids, 11, 1717 (1999)] although the experiments yield a different recursion relation between the successive generations of beads. At long times, finite extensibility truncates the iterated instability, and slow axial translation of the bead arrays along the interconnecting threads leads to progressive coalescence before the ultimate rupture of the fluid column. Despite these dynamical complexities it is still possible to measure the steady growth in the transient extensional viscosity by monitoring the slow capillarydriven thinning in the cylindrical ligaments between beads.Accepted for publication in JNNFM, December 2005.
NASA and the Portuguese Science Foundation
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Klinkmüller, Christopher. "Adaptive Process Model Matching: Improving the Effectiveness of Label-Based Matching through Automated Configuration and Expert Feedback." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15640.
Full textAbstract:
Process model matchers automate the detection of activities that represent similar functionality in different models. Thus, they provide support for various tasks related to the management of business processes including model collection management and process design. Yet, prior research primarily demonstrated the matchers’ effectiveness, i.e., the accuracy and the completeness of the results. In this context (i) the size of the empirical data is often small, (ii) all data is used for the matcher development, and (iii) the validity of the design decisions is not studied. As a result, existing matchers yield a varying and typically low effectiveness when applied to different datasets, as among others demonstrated by the process model matching contests in 2013 and 2015. With this in mind, the thesis studies the effectiveness of matchers by separating development from evaluation data and by empirically analyzing the validity and the limitations of design decisions. In particular, the thesis develops matchers that rely on different sources of information. First, the activity labels are considered as natural-language descriptions and the Bag-of-Words Technique is introduced which achieves a high effectiveness in comparison to the state of the art. Second, the Order Preserving Bag-of-Words Technique analyzes temporal dependencies between activities in order to automatically configure the Bag-of-Words Technique and to improve its effectiveness. Third, expert feedback is used to adapt the matchers to the domain characteristics of process model collections. Here, the Adaptive Bag-of-Words Technique is introduced which outperforms the state-of-the-art matchers and the other matchers from this thesis.
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Gao, Dawei. "Comprehensive study of seismic waveform similarity: applications to reliable identification of repeating earthquakes and investigations of detailed source process of induced seismicity." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/12945.
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This Ph.D. dissertation focuses on a comprehensive study of seismic waveform similarity aiming at two themes: (1) reliable identification of repeating earthquakes (repeaters) and (2) investigation of the detailed source process of induced seismicity through the three-dimensional spatiotemporal evolution of mainly neighbouring earthquakes.
Theme 1: Reliable identification of repeaters.
Repeaters, occurring repeatedly on the same fault patch with nearly identical waveforms, are usually identified with the match-filtering (MF) method which essentially measures the degree of waveform similarity between an earthquake pair through the corresponding cross-correlation coefficient (CC). However, the performance of the MF method can be severely affected by the length of the cross‐correlation window, the frequency band of the applied digital filter, and the presence of a large‐amplitude wave train. To optimize the performance of MF, I first examine the effects of different operational parameters and determine generic rules for selecting the window length and the optimal frequency passband. To minimize the impact of a large‐amplitude wave train, I then develop a new method, named the match-filtering with multisegment cross-correlation (MFMC) method. By equally incorporating the contributions from various segments of the waveforms, the new method is much more effective in capturing the minor waveform discrepancy between an event pair due to location difference and hence is more reliable in detecting potential repeaters and discriminating non-repeaters with large inter-event separation. With both synthetic and borehole array waveform data, I further reveal that waveform similarity is controlled by not only the inter-event separation but also many other factors, including station azimuth, epicentral distance, velocity structure, etc. Therefore, in contrast to the traditional view, the results indicate that waveform similarity alone is insufficient to unambiguously identify true repeaters. For reliable repeater identification, we should rely on a physics-based approach considering both the overlapped source area and magnitude difference. Specifically, I define an event pair to be true repeaters if their inter-event separation is smaller than the rupture radius of the larger event and their magnitude difference is no more than 1. For the precise estimation of inter-event distance in cases of limited data, I develop the differential traveltime double-difference (DTDD) method which relies on the relative S-P differential traveltime. The findings of this study imply that previously identified repeaters and their interpretations/hypotheses potentially can be biased and hence may need a systematic reexamination.
Theme 2: Investigation of the detailed source process of induced seismicity.
Earthquakes induced by hydraulic fracturing (HF), especially those with large magnitudes, are often observed to have occurred near/after well completion. The delayed triggering of induced seismicity with respect to injection commencement poses serious challenges for risk mitigation and hazard assessment. By performing waveform cross-correlation and hierarchical clustering analysis, I reveal a high-resolution three-dimensional source migration process with mainshock delayed triggering that is probably controlled by local hydrogeological conditions. The results suggest that poroelastic effects might contribute to induced seismicity but are likely insufficient to activate a non-critically stressed fault of sufficient size. My analysis shows that the rapid pore-pressure build-up from HF can be very localized and capable of producing large, felt earthquakes on non-critically stressed fault segments. I further infer that the number of critically stressed, large intraplate faults should be very limited, and that reactivation of such faults may require sufficient pore-pressure accumulation. The findings of this study may also explain why so few fluid injections are seismogenic.Graduate
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Liu, Shih-Wen, and 劉時玟. "A model using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution for selecting Light Emitting Diode companies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46874533292994655981.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
工業工程與管理系
99
In recent years, global environmental issues become more popular, in order to improve the global warming problems, people should actively use energy-efficient products.At present, Green industries including Sloar power, Wind energy, Hydroelectric and LED (Light Emitting Diode) products. Nowadays LED industry has been developed for almost 30 years in Taiwan. Today, LED industry in Taiwan has a complete supply chain from suppliers to retailers. How to select a LED packaging supplier that meets the requirements in quality, delivery, cost, risk and R&D is important for competiveness and future potential. Sometimes decision makers cannot make a decisive judgement when the decision dimensions drive to Multi-Criteria. In this paper, we evaluate three LED packaging firms by an evaluation process with two phases. First, we according to questionnaires from experts to calculate the relative weights of the criteria by fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP), and we also explain why criteria weights influenced the objective. Then, we select the best supplier from the LED packaging firms by fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (FTOPSIS).
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Chang, Chia Wei, and 張家維. "Using Fuzzy Analytic Network Process and Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution for Selection of the Controller of CNC Machine Tools." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85787288204403133981.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
工業工程與管理系
103
After a long period of development and research of production technique, the industry of machine tools in Taiwan has strong international competitive strength, which plays an important role in Taiwan’s industry. Furthermore it becomes a complete industrial cluster in central Taiwan, strengthening the whole economy to Taiwan. Besides, the main applications and techniques of CNC machine tool controllers not only have an impact on functions, precision and efficiency of machine, but also have great combination with many products in our daily life, such as a variety of glasses, battery chargers, plastic containers, water bottles, dolls, car lamps, car bumpers, mobile phone covers, components of cars and motorcycles… and so on which are stamped into a shape by plastic materials and metal. Moreover, teeth mold for medical use and components for aviation are made by multi-axis CNC processing techniques. These show us that CNC processing techniques have been widely used nowadays. It is necessary that quality machine tools should have wonderful cooperation with proper controllers. There are many brands of controllers can be easily purchased on the markets. Nevertheless, the customers often get the unsuitable ones since following their own feelings or others’ comments blindly. To find out the interrelation of norms, the study uses methods of Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and inquire the experts in this filed. To sum up, this study demonstrates the practical examples to decision-makers by comparison and gets the priority for every scheme.