Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Processal i Financer'
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Altamirano, Alejandro Claudio. "Responsabilidad tributaria de los administradores de los entes colectivos desde la perspectiva del actuar en lugar de otro." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8760.
Full textSerrano, Francisco de Castilho Monteiro Gil. "Fractional processes: an application to finance." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13002.
Full textNeste trabalho é apresentada uma extensa descrição matemática, orientada para a modelação financeira, de três principais processos fracionários: o processo Browniano fracionário e os dois processos de Lévy fracionários. Mostram-se como estes processos podem ser originados. É explorado o conceito de auto-semelhança e apresentamos algumas noções de cálculo fracionário. Também é discutido o lugar destes processos no problema de encontrar o preço de derivados financeiros e apresentamos uma nova abordagem para a simulação do processo de Lévy fracionário que permite um método Monte Carlo para encontrar o preço de derivados financeiros.
In this work it is presented an extensive mathematical description oriented to financial modelling based on three main fractional processes: the fractional Brownian motion and both fractional Lévy processes. It is shown how these processes were originated. The concept of self-similarity is explored and we present some notions of fractional calculus. It is discussed the opportunity of these processes in pricing financial derivatives and we present a new approach for simulation of the fractional Lévy process, which allows a Monte Carlo method for pricing financial derivatives.
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Amraoui, Mohamed. "Le marché financier sous la dynamique de la volatilité stochastique." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020031.
Full textDuffie, D., D. Filipovic, and Walter Schachermayer. "Affine processes and applications in finance." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2001. http://epub.wu.ac.at/798/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
Ndongo, Cheikh Bécaye. "Processus aléatoires et applications en finance." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5206/1/030328240.pdf.
Full textVu, Thanh Nam. "Contrôle stochastique appliqué à la finance." Paris 9, 2011. http://basepub.dauphine.fr/xmlui/handle/123456789/8008.
Full textThis PhD dissertation presents three independent research topics in the field of stochastic target and optimal control problems with applications to financial mathematics. In a first part, we provide a PDE characterization of the super hedging price of an American option of barrier types in a Markovian model of financial market. This extends to the American case a recent works of Bouchard and Bentahar (2006), who considered European barrier options, and Karatzas and Wang (2000), who discussed the case of perpetual American barrier options in a Black and Scholes type model. Contrary to their result, we do not use the usual dual formulation, which allows to reduce to a standard control problem, but instead prove and appeal to an American version of the geometric dynamic programming principle for stochastic targets of Soner and Touzi (2002). This allows us to avoid the non-degeneracy assumption on the volatility coefficients, and therefore extends their results to possibly degenerate cases which typically appear when the market is not complete. As a by-product, we provide an extension to the case of American type targets, which is of own interest. In the second part, within a Brownian diffusion Markovian framework, we provide a direct PDE characterization of the minimal initial endowment required so that the terminal wealth of a financial agent (possibly diminished by the pay off of a random claim) can match a set of constraints in probability. Such constraints should be interpreted as a rough description of a targeted profit and loss (P&L) distribution. This allows to give a price to options under a P&L constraint, or to provide a description of the discrete P&L profiles that can be achieved given an initial capital. This approach provides an alternative to the standard utility indifference (or marginal) pricing rules which is better adapted to market practices. From the mathematical point of view, this is an extension of the stochastic target problem under controlled loss, studied in Bouchard, Elie and Touzi (2008), to the case of multiple constraints. Although the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman operator is fully discontinuous, and the terminal condition is irregular, we are able to construct a numerical scheme that converges at any continuity points of the pricing function. The last part of this thesis is concerned with the extension of the optimal control of direction of reflection problem introduced in Bouchard (2007) to the jump diffusion case. In a Brownian diffusion framework with jumps, the controlled process is defined as the solution of a stochastic differential equation reflected at the boundary of a domain along oblique directions of reflection which are controlled by a predictable process which may have jumps. We also provide a version of the weak dynamic programming principle of Bouchard and Touzi (2009) adapted to our context and which is sufficient to provide a viscosity characterization of the associated value function without requiring the usual heavy measurable selection arguments nor the a-priori continuity of the value function
Javaheri, Alireza. "Le processus de la volatilité." Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1250.
Full textIt is widely accepted today that an assumption of a constant standard-deviation for the stock-return is not realistic. Indeed the traditional Samuelson-Black-Scholes framework of a lognormal distribution fails to explain the existence of leptokurticity (fat tails) as well as the asymmetry (negative skew) observed in the stock-return distribution. Many different theories have been recently suggested to deal with this phenomenon, but they could all be classified under the title of Stochastic Volatility (SV). Popular SV models include GARCH, Jump-Diffusion, Heston and the Variance-Gamma models. Most of them use either Gaussian innovations with Poisson jumps or other Levy distributions such as Gamma or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck. One of the main difficulties while working with an SV model is that the actual instantaneous volatility is not observable in the market and therefore needs to be modeled as a hidden state. This means that in order to calibrate a model to the stock market, one needs to use a usually nonlinear and/ or non-Gaussian Filter. An alternative would be to use a Bayesian Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo approach. This calibration will then provide us with an estimation of the statistical (or real-world) distribution of the stock-return. This thesis focuses on Nonlinear and Non-Gaussian Filtering as well as the comparison between the Statistical and Risk-Neutral distributions
Huehne, Florian. "Levy processes and chaos expansions in finance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531826.
Full textPeltier, Romain François. "Processus stochastiques fractals avec applications en finance." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066279.
Full textKateregga, Michael. "Stable processes: theory and applications in finance." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27069.
Full textKiessling, Jonas. "Approximation and Calibration of Stochastic Processes in Finance." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Matematik (Avd.), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25090.
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Krief, David. "Asymptotic methods for option pricing in finance." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC177/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study several mathematical finance problems, related to the pricing of derivatives. Using different asymptotic approaches, we develop methods to calculate accurate approximations of the prices of certain types of options in cases where no explicit formulas are available.In the first chapter, we are interested in the pricing of path-dependent options, with Monte-Carlo methods, when the underlying is modelled as an affine stochastic volatility model. We prove a long-time trajectorial large deviations principle. We then combine it with Varadhan’s Lemma to calculate an asymptotically optimal measure change, that allows to reduce significantly the variance of the Monte-Carlo estimator of option prices.The second chapter considers the pricing with Monte-Carlo methods of options that depend on several underlying assets, such as basket options, in the Wishart stochastic volatility model, that generalizes the Heston model. Following the approach of the first chapter, we prove that the process verifies a long-time large deviations principle, that we use to reduce significantly the variance of the Monte-Carlo estimator of option prices, through an asymptotically optimal measure change. In parallel, we use the large deviations property to characterize the long-time behaviour of the Black-Scholes implied volatility of basket options.In the third chapter, we study the pricing of options on realized variance, when the spot volatility is modelled as a diffusion process with constant volatility. We use recent asymptotic results on densities of hypo-elliptic diffusions to calculate an expansion of the density of realized variance, that we integrate to obtain an expansion of option prices and their Black-Scholes implied volatility.The last chapter is dedicated to the pricing of interest rate derivatives in the Levy Libor market model, that generaliszes the classical (log-normal) Libor market model by introducing jumps. Writing the first model as a perturbation of the second and using the Feynman-Kac representation, we calculate explicit expansions of the prices of interest rate derivatives and, in particular, caplets and swaptions
Pang, Baifan. "Le rôle des marchés de change du renminbi (yuan) à l'étranger dans le processus d'internationalisation de la monnaie chinoise." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0056.
Full textSince 1978, compared to other economic reforms, the Chinese government has carefully controlled the opening pace of capital markets. In 2009, the internationalization of the renminbi was launched by a series of tests of the use of the renminbi in international exchanges and international finance. Before that year, China, the world's second largest economy and the world's largest exporter, still traded with the rest of the world in US dollars.During last years, thanks to the integration of China into world trade and the government's efforts to encourage the share of renminbi trading in international business transactions, the use of Chinese currency by the different economic actors has continued to grow. But obstacles prevent the renminbi from becoming an international currency, especially the Chinese financial markets that are not open enough and developed. In order to promote the renminbi as one of the world's reference currencies, China has multiplied offshore renminbi processing centers, particularly in Hong Kong, London, Paris, etc. As a result, the renminbi has foreigner (the renminbi in foreign countrys) has reached a certain scale of circulation. For China, establishing these offshore market is a pragmatic choice for the internationalization of the renminbi. Thus what is the role of these renminbi exchange markets in the process of the internationalization of the Chinese currency?
Casado, Marcio Mello. "Abuso de direito processual do credor instituição financeira." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5542.
Full textOver the last sixteen years, Brazil has gone through important legislative modifications, which have been motivated by the need, in the economical field, of reducing the interests rate and the banking spread. The changes that have occurred, not only in civil procedure, were encouraged by the financial institutions and by the Central Bank of Brazil, through a series of annual reports. The model in which the modifications were based had as its foundation the paradigm that the lack of effectiveness in the civil procedure was the result of a system that granted many guarantees to the creditor, which would make it difficult for the credits to be obtained in court. In the field of substantial law, the legislation would obstruct a series of contractual practices carried out by the financial institutions, once abusive. The Judicial System, when interpreting these rules in force, would have an inadequate position, contrary to the interests of the financial institutions. The system would suffer from a moral risk. The legislation has been modified. Licit situations have become illicit. New forms of enforcement and its instruments have been created or improved. Although, the system still suffers from the sluggishness for parties to obtain their credits in court. The interests rate and the banking spread remain high. The diagnosis was mistaken. The obtaining of the credits in court was slow not because the Judiciary System was being lenient with de debtors, or because the legislation was retrograde or excessively protective. The abuse of procedural right by the financial institutions, with the sole aim of enforcing the contractual illegalities and to force the performance of undue installments is the cause for the delay on the closure of the law suits. The financial institutions, assumingly acting in bad faith, insist on using excessive procedural tools, in order to try to make illegality prevail. The process ends up operating not as a means of enforcing justice, but as a way to blackmail and to discourage the debtor of proceeding in the defense of his legitimate rights. However, one of the damaged parties by the abuse of procedural right is the creditor himself, as far as, with the reaction of the good faith debtor, the process tends to procrastinate, not because the debtor is not right, the opposite: the debtor is right and the creditor can t cope with this fact. Notwithstanding, the abuse of procedural right can only succeed when there is an active or omissible collaboration of the Judicial System. Jurisdiction becomes a means of realization of the abuse, instead of being the least likely place for it to be found in. At last, all the parties involved lose with the abuse of procedural right: the debtor, once, in some moment, could give up, even having the law on his side; the creditor, because it will take a long time for him to obtain his credit; the State, once the Judicial System must administrate a litigation which could have been solved way before. Also, the collectivity, under a diffuse point of view. The abuse of procedural right needs treatment, and this could be preventive, corrective or compensating
Nos últimos dezesseis anos, o Brasil sofreu importantes modificações legislativas motivadas pela necessidade, no âmbito econômico, de se reduzirem os juros e o spread bancário. As modificações que houve, não só no processo civil, foram incentivadas pelas instituições financeiras e pelo Banco Central do Brasil, em uma série de relatórios anuais. O modelo em que se fundamentaram as alterações tinha como base o paradigma de que a falta de efetividade no processo civil era fruto de um sistema que conferia muitas garantias ao devedor, o que dificultaria o recebimento dos créditos em juízo. No âmbito do direito material, a legislação impediria uma série de práticas contratuais das instituições financeiras, porque abusivas. O judiciário, ao interpretar tais normas vigentes, teria uma postura inadequada, contrária aos interesses das instituições financeiras. O sistema padeceria de um risco moral. A legislação foi modificada. O que era ilícito passou a ser permitido. Novas formas de execução e meios executivos foram criados ou aperfeiçoados. Todavia, o sistema ainda padece com a lentidão no recebimento de créditos em juízo. Os juros e o spread bancário continuam elevados. O diagnóstico foi equivocado. O recebimento de créditos bancários em juízo era lento não porque o judiciário fosse leniente com os devedores, a legislação fosse retrógada ou excessivamente protetiva. O abuso de direito processual das instituições financeiras, com o objetivo de fazer valer os ilícitos contratuais e forçar o adimplemento de parcelas indevidas é que causa o retardamento da conclusão dos processos. As instituições financeiras, em presumida má-fé, insistem em se valer de meios processuais excessivos para fazer com que prevaleça a ilegalidade. O processo acaba servindo não como um meio de se fazer justiça, mas como uma forma de chantagem, um meio para desencorajar o devedor de prosseguir na defesa de seus legítimos direitos. Entretanto, um dos lesados com o abuso do direito processual é o próprio credor, na medida em que, na reação do devedor de boa-fé, o processo tende a se prolongar no tempo, não porque o devedor não tenha razão, ao contrário, porque ele a tem e o credor não se conforma com isto. O abuso de direito processual somente obtém sucesso quando há colaboração, ativa ou omissiva, do Poder Judiciário A jurisdição passa a ser um meio para realização do abuso, ao invés de ser o último local onde ele deveria existir. No final, todos os envolvidos perdem com o abuso de direito processual: o devedor, porque em algum momento pode ceder, mesmo tendo o direito a seu favor; o credor, porque demora a receber; o Estado, pois o Poder Judiciário tem de administrar um litígio que poderia ser resolvido muitos antes. A coletividade, dentro de uma visão difusa. O abuso de direito processual necessita de tratamento e ele pode ser preventivo, corretivo ou ressarcitório
Piai, Marilda Aparecida Brandão. "Metodologia para implementação de sistema de controladoria." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78530.
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O crescente aumento da competitividade verificado no cenário econômico nacional e as constantes mudanças no ambiente organizacional fazem com que as empresas procurem desenvolver instrumentos de tomadas de decisões visando manter ou mesmo aumentar sua participação no mercado. Este trabalho tem por objetivo propor uma sistemática para implementação de um Sistema de Controladoria, abrangendo desde conceitos envolvidos em sua definição até sua efetiva utilização dentro da empresa. Para esta finalidade, o trabalho ressalta a importância da Controladoria, que detém papel fundamental como condutora do processo de planejamento, organização, controle, comunicação e motivação que converge para o sistema de informações gerenciais. Nesse contexto, apresentam-se os pontos principais que devem ser considerados para a implementação de controles focalizados nos sistemas Contas a Pagar, a Receber, Contabilidade, Caixa e Suprimentos. A metodologia de implementação de um Sistema de Controladoria permite o monitoramento e a visualização da performance da empresa através do planejamento estratégico estabelecido para o sucesso da organização. Na atual realidade econômica, a utilização desta metodologia nas empresas poderá representar um diferencial na qualidade dos serviços prestados e nas informações gerenciais necessárias para a tomada de decisões e para o acompanhamento e realinhamento da estratégia estabelecida pela organização.
Tisseyre, Arnaud. "Utilisation des lois stables en finances." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090038.
Full textAné, Thierry. "Changement de temps, processus subordonnés et volatilité stochastique : une approche financière sur des données à haute fréquence." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090027.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to validate mathematically the brilliant conjecture by Clark (1973) who chose the volume as the subordinating process t defining the economic time in which asset prices should be observed. Along the lines of the recent microstructure literature and using the tick by tick data, we show, in agreement with the recent empirical results by Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994), that it is in fact the number of trades which defines the economic time. We prove that without any assumption on the distribution of the stochastic time t we recover normality for asset price returns when using the number of trades as the "stochastic clock". We extract from a tick by tick data base the empirical distribution of asset returns and use a parametric estimation procedure to compute the moments of the unknown distribution of the subordinator t. The moments of t coincide with the corresponding moments of the number of trades. Lastly, we explain how the issue of stochastic volatility can be embedded in the general framework of stochastic time changes and what it implies for option pricing and hedging. The effectiveness of implied versus historical volatility in forecasting the future volatility has recently been, with good reasons, the subject of scrutiny both among academics and practitioners. It is common practice to use implied volatility as the market's forecast of future volatility. S&P 500 options and futures prices are used to show that implied volatility is a poor forecast of the realized volatility. The use of subordinated processes can help to construct a good forecast of the realized volatility. Moreover, our time change as well as our volatility forecast highlights the role of the rate of information arrival proxied by the number of trades
Totouom, Tangho Daniel. "Copules dynamiques : applications en finance & en économie." Paris, ENMP, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003260.
Full textIn this thesis, we show that with the growth of credit derivatives markets, new products are continually being created and market liquidity is increasing. After reviewing these products starting out from the credit default swap, CDS, and describing their evolution since their inception in the early 90s, we demonstrate that this development has been market driven, with the mathematical models used for pricing lagging behind. As the market developed, the weak points of the models became apparent and improved models had to be developed. In October 2003 when the work on this thesis started, CDOs (Collateralised Debt Obligations) were becoming standard products. A new generation of products which we will refer to as third generation credit derivatives were starting to come on line: these include forward-starting CDS, forward-starting CDOs, options on CDOs, CPDO (in full) and so forth. In contrast to early products, these derivatives require a dynamic model of the evolution of the “correlation” between the names over time, something which base correlation was not designed to do. Our objective was to develop a family of multivariate copula processes with different types of upper and lower tail dependence so as to be able to reproduce the correlation smiles/skews observed in credit derivatives in practice. We chose to work with a dynamic version of Archimedean copulas because unlike many other copulas found in the literature, they are mathematically consistent multivariate models. Chapter 2 presents two different approaches for developing these processes. The first model developed is a non-additive jump process based on a background gamma process; the second approach is based on time changed spectrally positive Levy process. The first approach is very convenient for simulations; the second approach is based on additive building blocks and hence is a more general. Two applications of these models to credit risk derivatives were carried out. The first one on pricing synthetic CDOs at different maturities (Chapter 5) was presented at the 5th Annual Advances in Econometrics Conference in Baton Rouge, Louisiane, November 3-5 2006 and has been submitted for publication. The second one which presents a comparison of the pricing given by these dynamic copulas with five well-known copula models, has been submitted to the Journal of Derivatives (see Chapter 6). Having tested the basic dynamic copula models in a credit derivative context, we went on to combine this framework with matrix migration approach (Chapter 3). In order to market structured credit derivatives, banks have to get them rated by rating agencies such as S&P, Moody’s and Fitch. A key question is the evolution of the rating over time (i. E. Its migration). As the latest innovations in the credit derivatives markets such as Constant Proportion Debt Obligation (CPDO) require being able to model credit migration and correlation in order to handle substitutions on the index during the roll, we propose a model for the joint dynamics of credit ratings of several firms. We then proposed a mathematical framework were individual credit ratings are modelled by a continuous time Markov chain, and their joint dynamics are modelled using a copula process. Copulas allow us to incorporate our knowledge of single name credit migration processes, into a multivariate framework. This is further extended with the multi-factor and time changed approach. A multifactor approach is developed within the new formulated dynamic copula processes, and a time changed Levy process is used to introduce dependency on spread dynamics
Belgrade, Nabyl. "Contribution à la finance mathématique : modélisation de l'inflation en finance de marché." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010010.
Full textLalaharison, Hanjarivo. "Processus de Lévy et leurs applications en finance : analyse, méthodologie et estimation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010020.
Full textArmata, Konstantina. "Constant elasticity of variance processes and applications to finance." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249311.
Full textYip, Wing Yan. "Lévy processes, representations and models with application in finance." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/1392.
Full textJohansson, Martin Peter. "Malliavin calculus for Levy processes with applications to finance." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11293.
Full textMignon, Valérie. "Marches financiers, memoire longue et processus chaotiques." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100073.
Full textDespite the vast literature concerning the efficient capital market hypothesis, none unambiguous conclusion seems to emerge. This absence of clear conclusion can be the result of the low power of tests traditionally used. Thus, this thesis has been consecrated to the study of two approaches, longterm memory and chaotic processes, in order to reexamine the efficient capital market hypothesis. The first part had proposed a critical study of the efficient market theory and of the rationality of investors. Inadequacies of traditional tests has led us, in a second part, to the analysis of two different alternatives which appear particularly consistent in order to study efficient market theory: long-term memory processes and chaotic processes. These two approaches have been tested in a third part devoted to an empirical study of stock returns series. We showed that the deterministic chaotic hypothesis is rejected. However, the long-term memory hypothesis constitutes an hypothesis that is generally accepted. Arfima processes have been estimated and their predictive capacities have been studied and compared to the random walk model. We have showed that arfima processes have led to better forecasts than naive ones. Finally we have tempted to model and to predict the risk by the mean of a new model which takes into account both long-term memory in stock returns and variability of their volatility. Results have suggested a possible prediction of volatility. Both predictability of stock returns and risk seem to be hardly coherent with weak-form efficient capital market hypothesis
Pedain, Christoph. "Managing processes and information technology in mergers : the integration of finance processes and systems." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/100.
Full textMatulewicz, Gustaw. "Statistical inference of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes : generation of stochastic graphs, sparsity, applications in finance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX066/document.
Full textThe subject if this thesis is the statistical inference of multi-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. In a first part, we introduce a model of stochastic graphs, defined as binary observations of a trajectory. We show then that it is possible to retrieve the dynamic of the underlying trajectory from the binary observations. For this, we build statistics of the stochastic graph and prove new results on their convergence in the long-time, high-frequency setting. We also analyse the properties of the stochastic graph from the point of view of evolving networks. In a second part, we work in the setting of complete information and continuous time. We add then a sparsity assumption applied to the drift matrix coefficient of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We prove sharp oracle inequalities for the Lasso estimator, construct a lower bound on the estimation error for sparse estimators and show optimality properties of the Adaptive Lasso estimator. Then, we apply the methods to estimate mean-return properties of real-world financial datasets: daily returns of SP500 components and EURO STOXX 50 Dividend Future prices
Ornthanalai, Chayawat. "Asset pricing with Lévy jump processes." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66745.
Full textCette thèse comporte trois essais qui explorent le développement théorique ainsi que les applications empiriques des modèles d'évaluation d'actifs avec des processus de saut de Lévy. Le premier essai présente un nouveau cadre d'évaluation en temps discret qui combine à la fois des processus heteroskedastic ainsi qu'une large famille de spécifications à base des sauts dans les processus de rendement et de la volatilité. Nos modèles peuvent être facilement estimés en utilisant des techniques standard de maximum de vraisemblance. Nous évaluons les modèles proposés en les adaptant à un long échantillon de rendement sur l'indice S&P500, et en évaluant un grand échantillon d'options. Nous trouvons un fort soutien empirique pour l'existence des sauts avec intensités à temps-variables. Un modèle à saut dont l'intensité est affine avec la variance conditionnelle performe particulièrement bien a la fois pour les rendements ainsi que pour l'évaluation des options. Dans le deuxième essai, nous développons une nouvelle famille de modèles d'évaluations d'actif qui combine la flexibilité des processus de Lévy avec la facilité d'implémentations des modèles affines GARCH. Ce cadre résulte à une grande classe des processus de rendement des actifs qui ont des solutions analytiques pour leur «transforme», et mène à une évaluation simple des produits dérivés. Nous appliquons ce cadre nouvellement proposé à de divers modèles à deux-facteurs-une composante normale et une autre a base du processus à saut de Lévy. Les résultats de l'évaluation commune des options et des rendements sur l'indice du marché indiquent le rôle économique important des sauts. Nous constatons que les modèles sans sauts ne peuvent pas réconcilier la différence entre les rendements réalisés du marché et les espérances des investisseurs concernant les rendements avec un niveau de prime de risque économiquemen
Kunz, Andreas. "Extremes of multidimensional stationary diffusion processes and applications in finance." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965676706.
Full textSbai, Mohamed. "Modélisation de la dépendance et simulation de processus en finance." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00451008.
Full textAhdida, Abdelkoddousse, and Abdelkoddousse Ahdida. "Processus matriciels : simulation et modélisation de la dépendance en finance." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00674813.
Full textChen, Qiwen. "Dependence Structure for Levy Processes and its application in finance." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8512.
Full textThesis research directed by: Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computation. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Ahdida, Abdelkoddousse. "Processus matriciels : simulation et modélisation de la dépendance en finance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1154/document.
Full textAfter a short introduction (in French) to the multi dimensional modelling for index pricing problems, the first part of the thesis treats the simulation of stochastic differential equations defined on the cone of symmetric positive semi-definite matrices. Indeed, we present several second order discretization schemes associated to a general class of affine processes defined on $posm.$ We study also their weak convergence. We pay a special attention to Wishart processes, which are considered as a particular case of this class and have been frequently used in finance. In this case, we give an exact scheme and a third order discretization one. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first exact sampling of the Wishart distribution without any restrictions on its parameters. Some algorithm are proposed in order to enhance all scheme in term of computation of time. We show numerical illustrations of our convergence and compare it to the theoretical rate. We then focus on other type of processes defined on the correlation matrix space. For this purposes, We propose a new stochastic differential equation defined on $crr.$ We prove the weak and the strong existence of such solutions. These processes are considered as the extension of Wright-Fisher processes (or Jacobi process) on correlation matrices. We shed light on a useful connection with Wishart processes and Wright-Fisher multi-allèles. Moreover, we explicitly present their moments, which enable us to describe the ergodic limit. Other results about Girsanov representations are also given. Finally, in order to use these processes in practice, we propose second order discretization schemes based on two different methods. Numerical experiments are presented to show the convergence. The last part is devoted to multi dimension modelling in finance for baskets and indices pricing. After giving a mathematical analysis of models defined either by the correlation matrix or in the positive semi-definite semi positive one, we ask if we find the adequate structure of correlation models which is able to calibrate both the index options market and the single options market related to each component of this index. For this purpose, we propose two types of modelling, the first uses a local model correlation and the second derives from a pure stochastic correlation model. Moreover, we explain different routines that have been used for improved calibration
Clément, Emmanuelle. "Modélisation statistique en finance et estimation de processus de diffusion." Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090017.
Full textIn the first part of this work, we describe a pricing methodology compatible with a statistical approach. We first study the determination of the term structure of interest rates from the observation of the prices of fixed-income bonds and we derive the constraints induced by the arbitrage free condition. We next extend the methodology to contingent claims whose cash-flows depend on the values of an underlying index. We present the model in a two-period case when the contingent price measure is a gamma measure. We extend it then to the dynamic case and we discuss some estimation methods. The second part of this work is devoted to the estimation of diffusion processes. We first present a review of statistical methods for diffusion processes. Then we study the parameter estimation of a diffusion process from simulated methods, when the process is only observed at discrete time
Delour, Jean. "Processus aléatoire auto-similaires : applications en turbulence et en finance." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12408.
Full textHao, Xuemiao. "Asymptotic tail probabilities of risk processes in insurance and finance." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/296.
Full textSbaï, Mohamed. "Modélisation de la dépendance et simulation de processus en finance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST1046/document.
Full textThe first part of this thesis deals with probabilistic numerical methods for simulating the solution of a stochastic differential equation (SDE). We start with the algorithm of Beskos et al. [13] which allows exact simulation of the solution of a one dimensional SDE. We present an extension for the exact computation of expectations and we study the application of these techniques for the pricing of Asian options in the Black & Scholes model. Then, in the second chapter, we propose and study the convergence of two discretization schemes for a family of stochastic volatility models. The first one is well adapted for the pricing of vanilla options and the second one is efficient for the pricing of path-dependent options. We also study the particular case of an Orstein-Uhlenbeck process driving the volatility and we exhibit a third discretization scheme which has better convergence properties. Finally, in the third chapter, we tackle the trajectorial weak convergence of the Euler scheme by providing a simple proof for the estimation of the Wasserstein distance between the solution and its Euler scheme, uniformly in time. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the modelling of dependence in finance through two examples : the joint modelling of an index together with its composing stocks and intensity-based credit portfolio models. In the forth chapter, we propose a new modelling framework in which the volatility of an index and the volatilities of its composing stocks are connected. When the number of stocks is large, we obtain a simplified model consisting of a local volatility model for the index and a stochastic volatility model for the stocks composed of an intrinsic part and a systemic part driven by the index. We study the calibration of these models and show that it is possible to fit the market prices of both the index and the stocks. Finally, in the last chapter of the thesis, we define an intensity-based credit portfolio model. In order to obtain stronger dependence levels between rating transitions, we extend it by introducing an unobservable random process (frailty) which acts multiplicatively on the intensities of the firms of the portfolio. Our approach is fully historical and we estimate the parameters of our model to past rating transitions using maximum likelihood techniques
Silva, Chayana Leocádio da. "Análise do impacto da gestão por processos no desempenho econômico-financeiro: o caso de empresa de seguros e previdência." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/4705.
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Este trabalho objetiva analisar e discutir sobre como o BPM (Business Process Management) pode ser utilizado como método para diagnosticar desvios e identificar oportunidades de melhorias nos processos, e sua correlação no desempenho econômico-financeiro de uma empresa no mercado segurador. A fundamentação está pautada em pesquisa documental e teórica, relativas à gestão por processos e a sua correlação com custos e despesas e foi desenvolvida a partir de um estudo de caso de uma empresa específica. Nesta pesquisa de natureza aplicada, caráter exploratório-descritivo e abordagem combinada, foram utilizados dados quantificáveis, no que diz respeito a tempo e custos dos processos, e dados qualitativos oriundos de documentos. Com a aplicação do Custeio ABC aliado aos métodos de BPM, foi possível identificar redundâncias, handoffs, matriz de responsabilidade de execução das atividades e, por conseguinte, oportunidades de melhoria nos processos da empresa, impactando positivamente na eficiência operacional e efetividade das atividades executadas. Por consequência, houve redução de custo/despesa e maximização de lucratividade. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam que há uma correlação direta entre a gestão por processos e o desempenho econômico-financeiro da empresa.
This paper aims to analyze and discuss how BPM (Business Process Management) can be used as a method to diagnose deviations and identify opportunities for process improvements and their correlation in the economic-financial performance of a company in the insurance market. The rationale is based on documentary and theoretical research related to process management and its correlation with costs and expenses and was developed from a case study of a specific company. Applied, exploratory-descriptive and combined approach, we used quantifiable data regarding process time and costs and qualitative data from documentary data collections. With the application of the ABC Costing allied to the BPM methods, it was possible to identify redundancies, handoffs, responsibility matrix of execution of the activities and, therefore, opportunities of improvement in the processes of the company positively impacting on the operational efficiency and effectiveness of the executed activities. Consequently, cost / expense reduction and profitability maximization. The results show that there is a direct correlation between the process management and the economic-financial performance of the company.
Figueroa-López, José Enrique. "Nonparametric estimation of Lévy processes with a view towards mathematical finance." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-122020/unrestricted/figueroa-lopez%5Fjose%5Fe%5F200405%5Fphd.pdf.
Full textMarcus C. Spruill, Committee Member ; Richard Serfozo, Committee Member ; Shijie Deng, Committee Member ; Christian Houdre, Committee Chair ; Robert P. Kertz, Committee Member. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Rosenbaum, Mathieu. "Étude de quelques problèmes d'estimation statistique en finance." Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003765.
Full textEl, Euch Omar. "Quantitative Finance under rough volatility." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS172/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study various aspects of the rough behavior of the volatility observed universally on financial assets. This is done in six steps. In the first part, we investigate how rough volatility can naturally emerge from typical behav- iors of market participants. To do so, we build a microscopic price model based on Hawkes processes in which we encode the main features of the market microstructure. By studying the asymptotic behavior of the price on the long run, we obtain a rough version of the Heston model exhibiting rough volatility and leverage effect. Using this original link between Hawkes processes and the Heston framework, we compute in the second part of the thesis the characteristic function of the log-price in the rough Heston model. In the classical Heston model, the characteristic function is expressed in terms of a solution of a Riccati equation. We show that rough Heston models enjoy a similar formula, the Riccati equation being replaced by its fractional version. This formula enables us to overcome the non-Markovian nature of the model in order to deal with derivatives pricing. In the third part, we tackle the issue of managing derivatives risks under the rough Heston model. We establish explicit hedging strategies using as instruments the underlying asset and the forward variance curve. This is done by specifying the infinite-dimensional Markovian structure of the rough Heston model. Being able to price and hedge derivatives in the rough Heston model, we challenge the model to practice in the fourth part. More precisely, we show the excellent fit of the model to historical and implied volatilities. We also show that the model reproduces the Zumbach’s effect, that is a time reversal asymmetry which is observed empirically on financial data. While the Hawkes approximation enabled us to solve the pricing and hedging issues under the rough Heston model, this approach cannot be extended to an arbitrary rough volatility model. We study in the fifth part the behavior of the at-the-money implied volatility for small maturity under general stochastic volatility models. In the same spirit as the Hawkes approximation, we look in the sixth part of this thesis for a tractable Markovian approximation that holds for a general class of rough volatility models. By applying this approximation on the specific case of the rough Heston model, we derive a numerical scheme for solving fractional Riccati equations. Finally, we end this thesis by studying a problem unrelated to rough volatility. We consider an exchange looking for the best make-take fees system to attract liquidity in its platform. Using a principal-agent framework, we describe the best contract that the exchange should propose to the market maker and provide the optimal quotes displayed by the latter. We also argue that this policy leads to higher quality of liquidity and lower trading costs for investors
Barbu, Monica Constanta. "Stochastic modelling applications in continuous time finance /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18290.pdf.
Full textAchab, Massil. "Apprentissage statistique pour séquences d’évènements à l’aide de processus ponctuels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX068/document.
Full textThe guiding principle of this thesis is to show how the arsenal of recent optimization methods can help solving challenging new estimation problems on events models.While the classical framework of supervised learning treat the observations as a collection of independent couples of features and labels, events models focus on arrival timestamps to extract information from the source of data.These timestamped events are chronologically ordered and can't be regarded as independent.This mere statement motivates the use of a particular mathematical object called point process to learn some patterns from events.Two examples of point process are treated in this thesis.The first is the point process behind Cox proportional hazards model:its conditional intensity function allows to define the hazard ratio, a fundamental quantity in survival analysis literature.The Cox regression model relates the duration before an event called failure to some covariates.This model can be reformulated in the framework of point processes.The second is the Hawkes process which models how past events increase the probability of future events.Its multivariate version enables encoding a notion of causality between the different nodes.The thesis is divided into three parts.The first focuses on a new optimization algorithm we developed to estimate the parameter vector of the Cox regression in the large-scale setting.Our algorithm is based on stochastic variance reduced gradient descent (SVRG) and uses Monte Carlo Markov Chain to estimate one costly term in the descent direction.We proved the convergence rates and showed its numerical performance on both simulated and real-world datasets.The second part shows how the Hawkes causality can be retrieved in a nonparametric fashion from the integrated cumulants of the multivariate point process.We designed two methods to estimate the integrals of the Hawkes kernels without any assumption on the shape of the kernel functions. Our methods are faster and more robust towards the shape of the kernels compared to state-of-the-art methods. We proved the statistical consistency of the first method, and designed turned the second into a convex optimization problem.The last part provides new insights from order book data using the first nonparametric method developed in the second part.We used data from the EUREX exchange, designed new order book model (based on the previous works of Bacry et al.) and ran the estimation method on these point processes.The results are very insightful and consistent with an econometric analysis.Such work is a proof of concept that our estimation method can be used on complex data like high-frequency financial data
Tankov, Peter. "Processus de Lévy en Finance : Problèmes Inverses et Modélisation de Dépendance." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007944.
Full textLa deuxième partie est consacrée au développement d'une méthode permettant de caractériser les structures de dépendance entre les composantes d'un processus de Lévy multidimensionnel et de construire des modèles exponentielle-Lévy multidimensionnels. Cet objectif est atteint grâce à l'introduction de la notion de copule de Lévy, qui peut être considérée comme l'analogue pour les processus de Lévy de la notion de copule, utilisée en statistique pour modéliser la dépendance entre les variables aléatoires réelles. Les exemples de familles paramétriques de copules de Lévy sont donnés et une méthode de simulation de processus de Lévy multidimensionnels, dont la structure de dépendance est décrite par une copule de Lévy, est proposée.
Kluge, Tino. "Illustration of stochastic processes and the finite difference method in finance." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200300079.
Full textDer Vortrag zeigt Animationen von Realisierungen stochstischer Prozesse, die zur Modellierung von Groessen im Finanzbereich haeufig verwendet werden (z.B. Wechselkurse, Zinskurse, Aktienkurse). Im zweiten Teil wird die Loesung der Black-Scholes Partiellen Differentialgleichung mittels Finitem Differenzenverfahren graphisch veranschaulicht
Figueroa-Lopez, Jose Enrique. "Nonparametric estimation of Levy processes with a view towards mathematical finance." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5261.
Full textGegler, Achim [Verfasser]. "Statistical analysis of Lévy processes with application in finance / Achim Gegler." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Mathematik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017116970/34.
Full textPapapantoleon, Antonis. "Applications of semimartingales and Lévy processes in finance duality and valuation /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/2919.
Full textFasen, Vicky Maria. "Extremes of Lévy driven moving average processes with applications in finance." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973922796.
Full textBasu, Sankarshan. "Approximating functions of integrals of log-Gaussian processes : applications in finance." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1549/.
Full textSimon, Guillaume. "Endogeneity and instrumental variables in dynamic processes : inverse problems in finance." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10061.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to draw the theory of endogeneity in dynamic models in continuous time. Defining endogeneity in the static case is difficult, the aim of this work is to understand what are the implications and what is the mathematical framework to define endogeneity for dynamic processes. This is the subject of the first chapter. We first provide an extension of the separable set-up to a separate dynamic framework given in term of semi-martingale decomposition. Then we define our function of interest as a stopping time for an additional noise process, whose role is played by a Brownian motion for diffusions, and a Poisson process for counting processes. Société Générale Asset Management (now Lyxor AM) has supporter this thesis. SGAM was a financial investment company (Hedge Fund) for statistical study of which Hedge Fund databases was a constant and hard problem. Consequently, understanding the nature of the underlying duration processes of Hedge Funds in databases was a crucial problem. This is the aim of the second chapter. The third chapter brings a clear answer to a rarely tackled question (the casual effect of some precise, endogeneous variables on the funds' lifetimes) thanks to the empirical findings of the second chapter and the results of the first. Finally, as the resolution of such problems needs the inverse problem theory, an original application of this theory is also considered in the last chapter for portfolio allocation