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1
Raboanatahiry, Nadia, Huaixin Li, Longjiang Yu, and Maoteng Li. "Rapeseed (Brassica napus): Processing, Utilization, and Genetic Improvement." Agronomy 11, no. 9 (September 3, 2021): 1776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11091776.
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Brassica napus L. is a vegetable oil crop, commonly known as rapeseed (or canola). It is widely used as a source of oil and protein for food and industrial applications, but also as a remedy, and in a field of attraction or as an ornament due to its diverse flower colors. Every part of rapeseed is useful, even the waste, which could be used to feed animals, or recycled. In this review, the use of rapeseed in these applications is presented, starting with the preparation of oil and protein from the seeds, before their release in the market, to the utilization of natural unprocessed rapeseed. Progress in rapeseed exploitation for food, remedy, energy source, and industrial applications are analyzed to show variability in diverse findings, to provide insights and progressive descriptions of rapeseed usage to other scholars. Moreover, advancements in breeding for rapeseed improvement were described. In the future, strategies could be developed or improved to avoid or decrease crop losses, but also to increase interest in propagating the valuable traits of rapeseed.
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Wehlmann, Johannes. "Use of esterified rapeseed oil as plasticizer in plastics processing." Lipid - Fett 101, no. 7 (July 1999): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4133(199907)101:7<249::aid-lipi249>3.0.co;2-i.
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Maroušek, Josef. "Use of continuous pressure shockwaves apparatus in rapeseed oil processing." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 15, no. 4 (November 9, 2012): 721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-012-0549-3.
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Lushnikov, N., and I. Loshkomoynikov. "Non-traditional feed and probiotics for rearing of goslings." Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2003-05.
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Currently, considerable interest is caused by the study of the effect of various feed additives on the productive performance of animals. The ban on the use of antibiotics to stimulate poultry growth in many European countries has increased the interest of researchers and practitioners in the use of probiotics. It is important to study the use of non-traditional feed in animal husbandry. Thus, waste processing of rapeseed (presscake, meal) is the most important sources of essential amino acids (lysine, methionine, tryptophan, etc.), essential fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, oleic, etc.). The importance of rapeseed seeds and products of its processing has increased after the breeding of varieties with a low content of erucic acid and glucosinolates. The purpose of the research was to study the use of non-traditional feed and probiotics in the rearing of goslings to obtain full-fl edged products when they are grown up to 4 months of age. The possibility of replacing sunflower presscake with rapeseed presscake of Siberian selection and partial replacement of full-fat soy with rapeseed oil has been carried out. It has been found that the treatment of goslings after birth with probiotics “Prolam” and “Monosporin” and their use in feeding the goslings had a positive effect on their growth and development. With an increase in production costs and an increase in the cost of feed, the prime cost of 1 kg of live weight gain has decreased when processing and feeding probiotic “Prolam” by 17,9 %, “Monosporin” by 15,4 %. It has been obtained profits on 1 head more from the use of probiotics by 29,8 and 35 Rubles, respectively, in comparison with the control group. The level of profitability when using probiotics in the 1st experimental group has increased by 29,7 %, in the 2nd group by 24,7 %. The weight of the semi-eviscerated carcass was higher in the experimental groups receiving rapeseed presscake and rapeseed presscake in combination with rapeseed oil, and exceeded the weight of the carcasses of the control group by 286,13 and 388,48 g, respectively. The mass of eviscerated carcasses was also higher in the experimental groups.
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Bastron, Andrey, Tatiana Bastron, Irina Ermakova, Natalia Mikheeva, and Irina Yamshchikova. "Technical and economic aspects of the use of microwave technologies in crop production." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129601002.
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Ensuring food security is achieved by increasing the volume of agricultural products in compliance with environmental requirements. The proposed technologies for pre-sowing treatment of rapeseed seeds with EMF UHF will improve the quality of these seeds, which, ultimately, will affect the increase in yield, as well as provide gain in yield and improve the quality of oil during processing. The implementation of the project of pre-sowing treatment of rapeseed seeds with EMF UHF in this regard, for example, in LLC “Nichkinskoe” of the Minusinsky District, seems promising. The article devoted to the economic assessment of two possible technologies for pre-sowing treatment of seeds with EMF UHF in LLC “Nich-kinskoe” of the Minusinsky District with the use of spring rapeseed varieties “Nadezhny-92” and “Hephaestus”. It is established that additional income can be obtained for both options.
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Buklagin, Dmitry. "Analysis of the use of selection achievements in the production of oilseeds." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 08009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017508009.
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The availability of spare capacities for the production of vegetable oil in Russia and the increased demand in the world’s industrial markets stimulate the development of domestic competitive technologies for growing, storing and processing sunflower, soybean and rapeseed. Reducing the level of dependence of oilseeds on foreign analogues is considered as one of the key tasks. Currently, the share of foreign varieties in Russia occupies about 56 % of the acreage of spring rapeseed, 76% of winter rapeseed, 74% of sunflower and 26% of soy. It is shown that the inclusion of foreign varieties of oilseeds in the State register of varieties approved for use in the Russian Federation is not always justified. It is recommended to include in the state register only those varieties of foreign selection that have a statistically significant difference in the indicators of domestic and foreign varieties obtained as a result of their tests in the regions of Russia.
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Östbring, Karolina, Cecilia Tullberg, Stina Burri, Emma Malmqvist, and Marilyn Rayner. "Protein Recovery from Rapeseed Press Cake: Varietal and Processing Condition Effects on Yield, Emulsifying Capacity and Antioxidant Activity of the Protein Rich Extract." Foods 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8120627.
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Protein was recovered from five varieties and a mixed blend of cold-pressed rapeseed press cake by leaching and precipitation in a water-based process, and the protein recovery yield varied from 26–41% depending on variety. Exposure for heat during protein recovery severely reduced the rapeseed proteins’ ability to stabilize the oil–water interface of emulsion droplets. Protein extract from Lyside had the best emulsifying properties of the varieties investigated. Oxidation rate was assessed by the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) method and rapeseed protein extracts from Epure and Festivo had higher capacity to delay oxidation compared with soy lecithin. There are possibilities to broaden the use of rapeseed whereby recovered rapeseed protein can be used as a plant-based multifunctional ingredient with emulsifying capacity and which has a delaying effect on oxidation.
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Ovchinnikov, Evgeniy, and Sergey Uyutov. "IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF RAPEED OIL FOR USE IN A DIESEL ENGINE." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 16, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2021-85-89.
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This article presents experimental studies on changing such chemical properties of vegetable (rapeseed) oil, such as viscosity, for its use as a fuel in diesel engines. With the help of hydrothermal technology, samples of vegetable oil were obtained and laboratory studies were carried out on a viscometer, which showed a decrease in viscosity up to 16%. Oil samples were obtained at different pressures up to 90 atm. and temperatures up to 130 C. All samples were passed through a liquid activator installed at the outlet of the reactor, which, due to spargers located in the path of the flow, provided the appearance of a gaseous and liquid mixture with an increased ability to mix and conduct chemical reactions. The reactor was a metal flask with a wall thickness of 10 mm, a volume of 6 liters, with installed temperature and pressure sensors, and a heating element for heating oil. The pressure was provided by a gear pump driven by a 3 kW electric motor. For the safety of testing, an automatic pressure and temperature regulator in the reactor, installed in the control panel, was developed. In order to compare with pure cold-pressed rapeseed oil, comparative tests were carried out on bench equipment of the laboratory, which showed the effectiveness of this technology and obtaining the characteristics of engine operation on rapeseed oil as close as possible to diesel fuel. During the research, quantitative indicators of the ingress of rapeseed oil into the engine crankcase were also determined. When using cold-pressed rapeseed oil, this figure after eight-hour tests at idle at different speeds was 3.21 liters. After the processing of rapeseed oil in the reactor and repeated tests, the oil in the engine crankcase was measured, where it was 1.92 liters, which was 60% of the previous experience
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Черьопкіна, Р. І., І. В. Трембус, and І. М. Дейкун. "НАПІВФАБРИКАТИ ІЗ НЕДЕРЕВНОЇ СИРОВИНИ ДЛЯ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ ПАПЕРУ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 148, no. 4 (March 10, 2021): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2020.4.13.
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The main objectives of scientific work is to study the technological parameters of the sodium hydroxide method of delignification of non-wood raw materials and production of fibrous first stuff for the manufacturing of packaging types of paper. Methodology. For the research, rapeseed stalks, sodium hydroxide cooking, anthraquinone catalyst were used. The brews were cooked in steel autoclaves, which were lowered into a glycerin bath. Standard methods for the determination of the quality indicators (yield and residual lignin content) of non-wood fiber first stuff were used. As a mathematical data processing method, the generalized reduced gradient method was used. Laboratory samples of castings of fibrous first stuff and paper were made on a LA-2 sheet-making apparatus, the mechanical parameters of the outturn sheet were determined according to the standard methods using appropriate instruments. Results. The expediency of using rapeseed stalks for processing of fibrous first stuff under alkaline conditions has been proven. It was found that the greatest influence on the delignification of raw materials has the raise of cooking temperature from 80 to 120 ° C and the use of the anthraquinone catalyst. It has been shown that the obtained rapeseed first stuff have sufficient paper-forming properties and are suitable for use in the production of MS 5B brand paper for the use in the production of fluting paper or board of B-3 grade. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the environmental friendliness of the agrowaste processing as an alternative raw material for the production of fibrous first stuff at low cooking temperatures. Using rapeseed stalks as an example, the influence of technological parameters on the quality indicators of first stuff was studied. Using the mathematical methods of the processing of experiment data, the optimal ratio of fibrous first stuff /waste paper at which the strength indicators of fluting paper or board will meet the standards was determined. Practical significance. Research results has shown the expediency of using oilseed wastes for processing of fibrous first stuff , with the aim of expanding the raw material base of cardboard and paper production.
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Trif, Alexandra, Mihai Gidea, Bogdan Erghelegiu, Alexandru Boasca, and Sorin-Mihai Cimpeanu. "Research into the Utilization of Aerial Imaging for Evaluating the State of Vegetation." “Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0061.
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Abstract The paper aims to evaluate the potential of using aerial images captured from UAV’s, when compared with satellite images, for the purpose of monitoring rapeseed cultures. For this, a comparison is presented; two modern methods of gathering and processing images with the purpose of estimating the rapeseed culture yields, in contrast with the classic method. For this purpose, we use professional equipment to gather images, GPS RTK to provide advanced precision, as well as software such as Precision Flight to plan the flight routes, Precision Mapper to construct the orthophoto, custom made Python programs and LeoWorks to process and classify the resulting images.
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Furdas, Yurii, Khrystyna Kozak, Olena Savchenko, Mariia Lunyk, and Mykola Hensetskyi. "THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS AS A SOURCE FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION." Theory and Building Practice 2021, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2021.01.029.
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As raw materials in bioenergy can be used agricultural residues formed in the process of harvesting crops and the process of their processing, in particular straw cereals, legumes, corn and sunflower seeds, etc. For energy needs, agricultural biomass is used by burning or processing into solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels. In the production of gaseous fuel in special plants - bioreactors, agricultural waste is formed not only as a source of energy - biogas, but also as excellent fertilizers. In this article, studies have shown that the amount of biogas produced depends on the type of biomass and fermentation time. The largest amount of biogas is produced within 10 days from the date of loading of organic biomass. It was found that the highest daily biogas production is formed from grass and grain silage, the maximum value of which is 1.76 m3. The smallest - from rapeseed silage – 0.33 m3.
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Saakian, Alexander. "Efficiency of non-root treatment with microfertilizers in the cultivation of spring rapeseed." АгроЭкоИнфо 1, no. 43 (February 28, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20211121.
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The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the effect of foliar fertilizing with microfertilizers on the yield and quality of oilseeds of spring rapeseed. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 under the conditions of the field experience of the Bunin Yelets State University. In crops of spring rape varieties Reef determined the effects of micronutrients Yara Vita Brassitrel and of a mixture of micronutrients Yara Vita Brassitrel and Yara Vita Bortrak. Yara Vita Brassitrel is a water-soluble fertilizer in the form of a powder, which includes Mg, S, B, Mn, Mo. Yara Vita Bortrak is a liquid fertilizer with a maximum concentration of boron. Non-root fertilizing with these fertilizers was carried out in the phases of 4 real leaves and stalking. There were no differences in the onset of the development phases of spring rapeseed depending on the use of microfertilizers Yara Vita Brassitrel and Yara Vita Bortrak. The positive effect of the studied microfertilizers on the biometric parameters of spring rapeseed was established. The use of the studied micronutrients contributed to the increase in activity clorofila clorofila a and b, carotenoids, the amount of pigments and leaf area assimilating the surface of plants of spring rape. Application of micronutrient fertilizers Yara Vita Brassitrel contributed to the growth of additional plant productivity 1,34 t/ha, a mixture of micronutrients Yara Vita Brassitrel + Yara Vita Bortrak 1,96 t/ha, with yields on the control option 16,25 kg/ha. Keywords: SPRING RAPESEED, MICROFERTILIZERS, YIELD, BIOMETRIC INDICATORS, NON-ROOT PROCESSING
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Agafonov, O. S., E. V. Lisovaya, S. M. Prudnikov, and E. P. Victorova. "Development of standard samples-simulators of weight fraction of acetone insoluble substances in rapeseed lecithins." New Technologies, no. 4 (November 18, 2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2020-15-4-13-21.
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Currently, there is an increase in the volume of rapeseed processing, which leads to a natural increase in the production of by-products such as rapeseed lecithin. One of the indicators of the quality of lecithins, which determines the content of physiologically valuable components – phospholipids is the weight fraction of substances insoluble in acetone. The aim of the study is to develop an integrated system for metrological support of an instrumental method for determining the weight fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, contained in rapeseed lecithins, using the pulse NMR method. The main element of this system is standard imitating samples with known metrological values of the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone. As a result of the conducted studies of NMR characteristics of natural samples of rapeseed lecithins with different mass fractions of substances insoluble in acetone, the optimal parameters of NM relaxation characteristics of standard imitating samples have been determined. It has been shown that three substances are required to create standard imitating samples, while to simulate the protons contained in the oil phase of rapeseed lecithins two substances are required using spin-spin relaxation time from 77 to 110 ms and a spin-spin relaxation time from 23 to 28 ms, and to imitate phospholipid protons – a substance with a spin-spin relaxation time from 2 to 6 ms is required. On the basis of the study of NMR characteristics of protons contained in samples of chemically inert organic silicon liquids and natural latex, a composition of 6 standard samples-imitators of the mass fraction of substances insoluble in acetone contained in rapeseed lecithins, and a procedure for their use for NMR calibration analyzer AMV-1006 M have been developed.
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HALYSH, VITA, and IRYNA DEYKUN. "RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY OF CARDBOARD AND PAPER PRODUCTS." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-112-115.
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Nowadays, the products of domestic enterprises of the pulp and paper industry are 80% made from secondary raw materials – recycling paper, which negatively affects its quality, narrows the range and limits the scope of use. This state of the industry connected with the lack of domestic production of cellulose fibrous products. The raw material problem of the pulp and paper industry of Ukraine can be solved by using annual plants and wastes of crop processing for the production of fibrous materials for various purposes. Rapeseed stalks can be considered as a promising raw material to meet the needs of the pulp and paper industry. The aim of the work is to study the physical and mechanical properties of writing paper and cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard, which contain cellulose fibers of rapeseed stalks. This paper presents the results of research of sizes of elementary cellulose fibers from rapeseed stalks. Studies of the fractional composition showed that 70% of cellulose fibers from rapeseed have a length in the range of 0.02 to 0.81 mm and only 30% have a length exceeding 1 mm. To study the effect of cellulose content from rapeseed stalks in the composition of writing paper, paper samples of 80 g/m2 were prepared at different ratios of cellulose from non-wood raw materials to coniferous cellulose. Studies have shown that the surface of paper made of non-wood pulp has a high smoothness and uniform lumen and is more elastic compared to paper made of bleached coniferous sulfate pulp. According to the results of physical and mechanical tests, it can be concluded that the increase in the content of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks in the composition of writing paper leads to a decrease in all physical and mechanical properties of the paper. To study the effect of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks in a cardboard composition for flat layers of corrugated cardboard, cardboard samples of 175 g/m2 were made. Recycling paper of MS-6B was used as a bottom layer, and non-wood pulp as a surface layer of cardboard. The ratio of recycling paper to non-wood pulp in laboratory samples of cardboard was 80:20 mass %. According to the results, it can be concluded that the use for the surface layer of non-wood pulp from rapeseed stalks allows to obtain cardboard with strength values that fully meet the requirements for cardboard of K-1 type. In general, it was shown that non-wood rapeseed pulp can be used to replace more expensive sulfate bleached coniferous pulp in the production of writing paper and cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard as a surface layer.
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Kachel, Matwijczuk, Sujak, Czernel, Niemczynowicz, and Nowicka. "The Influence of Copper and Silver Nanocolloids on the Quality of Pressed Spring Rapeseed Oil." Agronomy 9, no. 10 (October 16, 2019): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9100643.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of virgin oil pressed from spring rape seeds cultivated with the use of colloidal nanosilver and nanocopper solutions for processing seeds and as foliar fertilizer. The results show that the use of nanometals for seed processing and foliar fertilization increased the content of carotenoid pigments in the oil. The pigment concentration was higher compared to oil pressed from control seeds. The application of nanocolloids onto the seeds and subsequently on the growing plants contributed to the increase of the oxidative stability of oils. Both the acid number (AN) and peroxide number (PN) values were higher in the studied oils as compared to the control, but did not exceed the required allowable levels. Increased content of silver ions and slightly increased copper content was observed in the pressed oil. An infrared spectral analysis (Fourier-Transformed Infra-Red) conducted in combination with chemometrics allowed the classification of the studied oils in terms of their chemical composition. The analysis revealed the presence of bands characteristic of Cu-O-H vibrations after soaking the seeds and spraying the plants with copper nanocolloid, and of C-O-Ag after fertilization with silver nanocolloid.
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Mikhailova, O. V., M. V. Belova, A. N. Korobkov, and G. V. Novikova. "Development of a plant for peeling rapeseed in the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 81, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2019-2-27-34.
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Currently, domestic industry uses imported raw materials. At the same time, supplies of rapeseed oil for export as raw materials account for about 80% of the production volumes. Therefore, import substitution of rapeseed oil due to an increase in its own production and a significant increase in the efficiency of processing technology with improved quality characteristics, the development of innovative technology and technical means to improve the quality of peeling of rapeseed is relevant. Depending on the grain structure, one of three methods of peeling is used: compression and shear, multiple or single blow, by abrasion of the shells. The rapeseed kernel has a fragile structure, so peeling with a multiple blow is irrational. Two requirements are imposed on the rape seed peeling process: high-quality separation of husk from the kernel and preservation of the integrity of the kernel. The article describes the developed design of the installation for peeling rape in an electromagnetic field, which allows the peeling process to be carried out at low operating costs. The process of peeling rape is possible by hydromechanical destruction and abrasion of husks on rotating abrasive disks and mutual friction of grains in the EMF microwave, followed by removal of the shells by blowing air through a hollow dielectric shaft with holes and a perforated cylindrical resonator. The article also describes the technological process of rape peeling and conducted a feasibility study on the implementation of the proposed installation. The economic effect of the use of a microwave installation for rape peeling is 124 thousand rubles/month with the volume of output 38.5 tons/month, profitability will increase by 3.7%.
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Liu, Yue, Xiaoxuan Ren, Hao Wu, Qingxiang Meng, and Zhenming Zhou. "Steam Explosion Treatment of Byproduct Feedstuffs for Potential Use as Ruminant Feed." Animals 9, no. 9 (September 16, 2019): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090688.
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Although many byproducts of milling industries have potential as a ruminant feed, they have not been widely used due to their low nutritive value, especially high-fiber content and difficult processing techniques. Steam explosion can increase the degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin and make byproduct feedstuffs more suitable as ruminant feed. Five byproduct feedstuffs: cassava alcohol residue (CAR), distillers’ grains (DG), cottonseed meal (CM), rapeseed meal (RM) and potato starchy residues (PSR), were steam-exploded using five different processing parameters and the effects on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, energy value, and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System composition were assessed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the technique’s development and utilization for ruminant feed production. In this study, after steam-explosion treatment, the nutritive value and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of CAR, DG, RM and PSR were improved (p < 0.05), while there was no effect on nutritive value of CM (p > 0.05). Specifically, steam explosion treatment decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, available cell wall, and slowly degraded protein, and increased the total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, metabolic energy, net energy for maintenance, and net energy for gain, sugar, non-structural carbohydrate and IVDMD. Therefore, steam-explosion treatment offers the potential to improve the suitability of byproduct feedstuffs as ruminant feed.
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Carré, Patrick. "Reinventing the oilseeds processing to extract oil while preserving the protein." OCL 28 (2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021001.
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The move towards more sustainable production and consumption patterns is a goal shared by a large part of society. In the oil-mill sector, whether it be animal feed or human food, this development should make it possible to improve the protein autonomy of the territories and to use proteins more efficiently. Current methods make some of the rapeseed proteins indigestible and leave most of the undesirable compounds from the seeds in resulting meals. Residual oil, fibrous envelopes, glucosinolates, phytic acid, phenolic compounds and oligosaccharides, as well as overcooking, however, have negative effects on the value of proteins. An important part of the article is devoted to reviewing these effects. Their extraction, combined with milder heat treatments, would provide excellent quality proteins to the market and generate value for the entire value chain. Efficient dehulling and mechanical extraction would be the prerequisites for this development. An ethanolic extraction revisited to exploit the secondary metabolites would then complete this process with, however, a limited effect on phytic acid. All these technologies have the advantage of not posing major acceptability problems. This development requires new investments in applied research to make this new approach to processing oilseeds possible and efficient.
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Fialkovska, Larisa. "EXAMINATION OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS IN THE INSTALLATION FOR EXTREME IN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC INTENSIFICATION." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(105) (May 31, 2019): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2019-2-10.
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Іn the article an overview of the methods of extraction of oilseeds is carried out. The purpose of the work was to carry out the study of the extraction process at the installation for extraction in an electromagnetic intensifier (EEMI). The only way to ensure virtually complete oil extraction is the extraction method, in which the forces that convert the oil into a solution exceed the forces that hold oil in the extracted material. Today, the extraction method for oil extraction at Ukrainian plants is leading, as it provides greater yield of oil than with the use of the press process. The object of research is the use of rapeseed and soybean seeds, locally, oil obtained as a result of extraction of oilseeds. Experimental researches were carried out in laboratory conditions at the department "Processes and equipment of processing and food industries of a name of professor P. S. Bernik" of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Production tests of the laboratory sample of the extractor were carried out at PJSC "Vinnitsa OZHK". Physical and chemical researches of raw materials and intermediate materials were carried out. The optimum temperature regimes of the extraction process are established. The expediency and necessity of use as a solvent of ethyl alcohol is described. The research of rapeseed and soybean oils obtained as a result of extraction was conducted. The production of oil on the plant for extraction in an electromagnetic intensifier (EEMI) will enable the product to meet the requirements of regulatory documents and has a higher content of biologically active substances - tocopherols in comparison with traditional methods.
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KEITH, M. O., and J. M. BELL. "EFFECTS OF FEEDING SPENT BLEACHING CLAY FROM CANOLA OIL REFINING TO GROWING MICE AND RATS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas86-020.
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The spent bleaching clay from canola (rapeseed) oil processing might be a useful ingredient in livestock feeds but little is known about possible metabolic effects of the clay. Experiments with growing mice and rats were designed to study effects of spent clay on weight gains, feed utilization and gross anatomy. In exp. 1 clay was mixed 1:1 with cornstarch or canola meal. These premixes were incorporated into purified and natural ingredient diets to provide clay levels of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4%. Eighty weanling mice were randomly allotted to the 20 diets which were fed for 28 d. Liver weights and liver: body weight (%) increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of clay fed in purified diets. Otherwise clay treatments had no effect on the responses:weight gain, feed:gain ratio, plasma urea nitrogen or kidney weights. Experiment 2 involved weanling rats fed three different clay samples at dietary levels of 1, 2 and 4%, with and without an antioxidant (ethoxyquin) for a 28-d period. Using the same criteria as in exp. 1, clay samples, levels and use of antioxidant had no effect on animal responses. The data demonstrated that up to 4% spent bleaching clay could be included in natural ingredient diets without either beneficial or harmful effects to growing mice and rats. Key words: Spent bleaching clay, mice, rats, feeding trials, bentonite, rapeseed
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Khalili, H., A. Sairanen, K. Hissa, and P. Huhtanen. "Effects of type and treatment of grain and protein source on dairy cow performance." Animal Science 72, no. 3 (June 2001): 573–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052103.
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AbstractThe effects of different types of energy or protein supplementation on performance of cows given grass silage-based diets were studied. The possibility of maintaining high energy intakes by using different grain sources, barley or maize, or by the use of the physical processing of the barley was investigated. In addition, the relative quality of rapeseed meal as a protein supplement compared with alternative protein supplements was examined. In experiment 1 16 Finnish Holstein-Friesian cows were used in a cyclic change-over design experiment with eight diets and four 21- day periods. The concentrate supplements comprised a 2 ✕ 2 ✕ 2 factorial arrangement of two grain sources (barley (B) and maize (M)) given either ground (T–) or steam-rolled (T+), each supplemented with either rapeseed expeller (R) or a mixture of maize gluten and soya-bean meal (GS). Grass silage was givenad libitumand concentrates at a rate of 11·2 kg DM per day. M supplements increased milk, milk protein and lactose output (P< 0·05) and decreased milk urea concentration (P< 0·01) compared with B supplements. Blood β-hydroxy-butyrate (BHB) and plasma urea concentrations were higher (P< 0·01) for B than M diets. R supplements increased silage intake, energy-corrected milk yield and milk protein output and concentration (P< 0·05) compared with GS supplements. Steam-rolled grain decreased food intake, blood BHB (P< 0·05) and plasma and milk urea concentrations (P< 0·001). Steam rolling improved organic matter digestibility (grain ✕ processing interaction,P< 0·05) with M but not with B supplements.In experiment 2 four Finnish Holstein-Friesian cows fitted with rumen cannula were used in a balanced complete change-over design to evaluate ground or steam-rolled barley (T– v. T+) and two protein treatments (rapeseed expeller, R or a mixture of maize gluten/soya-bean meal/sugar beet solubles, GSS). Cows were given concentrates at 11·2 kg dry matter (DM) per day and offered grass silagead libitum. There were no differences (P> 0·05) in food intake, digestibility or milk production and composition between treatments. Plasma urea concentrations (P< 0·01) and molar proportion of butyrate (P< 0·05) in rumen fluid were decreased with R compared with GSS supplements. The results showed that replacing B with M grain resulted in minor increases in milk production. Steam rolling of grain did not influence animal performance. Among the protein supplements R increased animal performance compared with GS supplement.
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Permyakova, Irina A., Vladimir V. Volkhin, and Galina V. Leontieva. "Recycling of waste oils with different composition using flexible type technology." Butlerov Communications 61, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/20-61-3-66.
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Present issue proposes a solution to the problem of the waste oils with different composition recycling into esters of fatty acids and low-molecular alcohols by using flexible type technology. Waste oils differ in the composition of hydrocarbon radicals of the vegetable oils triglycerides and in the content of the free fatty acids impurities. For waste oils processing it is advisable to use technology options that differ in combinations of basic technological operations. An algorithm is proposed for selecting the main technological operations and their combinations for inclusion in the technology process, taking into account the composition of the recycling raw materials and the type of product obtained. The flexibility of the technology is provided by using different combinations of reactor blocks, each of which is designed to perform one of the provided technological operations. The developed flexible type technology was tested in the recycling of experimental batch of the low-eruption rapeseed oil waste.
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Bajcar, Marcin, Grzegorz Zaguła, Bogdan Saletnik, Maria Tarapatskyy, and Czesław Puchalski. "Relationship between Torrefaction Parameters and Physicochemical Properties of Torrefied Products Obtained from Selected Plant Biomass." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 26, 2018): 2919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112919.
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Waste biomass from plant production is an important raw material for producing energy from renewable sources. Capabilities and technologies of processing are still being improved and modernized in order to achieve the highest energy efficiency. This study assesses energetic properties of wheat straw, rapeseed, and willow. The material was subjected to heat treatment, i.e., torrefaction process at temperatures of 220, 260, and 300 °C for the duration of 60, 75, and 90 min. Measurements were performed to compare parameters of raw biomass and the torrefied products. The materials were examined and compared for the contents of moisture; biogenic elements N, C, and H; as well as calorific value, ash, and volatiles. Measurements were also performed to assess the composition of biomass in terms of particle sizes. Analysis of the results made it possible to determine optimal parameters for carrying out the torrefaction process. The use of the torrefaction process made it possible to obtain a material with an increased calorific value by more than 20%, and a 2–3 times higher content of elements in the powdered material, as well as to improve the grinding of the material. This information will enable the development of biomass thermal treatment technologies towards the use of waste biomass from agricultural production.
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Das Purkayastha, Manashi, Ajay Kumar Manhar, Manabendra Mandal, and Charu Lata Mahanta. "Industrial Waste-Derived Nanoparticles and Microspheres Can Be Potent Antimicrobial and Functional Ingredients." Journal of Applied Chemistry 2014 (September 17, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/171427.
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Rapeseed oilcake or press-cake is generated as bulk waste during oil extraction from oilseeds. Owing to its high protein content, further processing of oilcakes into vegetable protein generates large quantities of fibrous residue (“oil-and-protein” spent meal) as by-product, which currently has very limited practical utility. Here, we report hydrothermal carbonization of this industrial waste to convert it into carbon nanoparticles, bestowed with multitude of functionalities. We demonstrate that these nanoparticles can be assembled into micrometer-sized spheres when precipitated from water by acetone. These microspheres, with their added feature of hemocompatibility, can be potentially utilized as an encapsulation vehicle for the protection of thermolabile compounds (such as protein); however, the secondary and tertiary features of the protein were marginally perturbed by the encapsulation process. The synthesized carbon nanoparticle was found to be an effective biocidal agent, exhibiting bacterial cellular damage and complex formation with the bacterial plasmid (evident from ethidium bromide exclusion assay), which are critical for cell survival. The results show the ability to convert industrial biowaste into useful nanomaterials for use in food industries and also suggest new scalable and simple approaches to improve environmental sustainability in industrial processes.
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Kurbakov, K. A., V. N. Zhulinkova, and M. Yu Minaev. "Development of high sensitive real-time PCR to detect mustard and other allergens of the family Brassicaceae in food samples." Theory and practice of meat processing 5, no. 3 (October 26, 2020): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2020-5-3-28-31.
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Mustard is a commonly used condiment including in production of other food products. As mustard is an allergen, it is necessary to control its presence. The development of PCR test-systems for its detection is complicated by the fact that this condiment can be made from seeds of various plant species (Brassica juncea, Brassica nigra, Sinapis alba) of the family Brassicaceae that are not closely related. This family includes other plant species such as white cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and rapeseed (Brassica napus), which can cause the allergic reaction, although seldom. In this connection, many authors use primers specific to many species of this family, including to allergens, to detect mustard. In this work, we used the similar strategy. To increase sensitivity, primers for the mitochondrial COX gene were selected. To increase PCR stability in analysis of deeply processed products, primers were selected for a region with a length of 61 base pair. In the work, the specificity and sensitivity of the developed PCR method was confirmed. Analyses of different products, including those that underwent deep technological processing, were carried out with these primers. Also, primers were selected to detect white mustard (S. alba). When analyzing products on the presence of white mustard, charac‑ teristic regional preferences were demonstrated: this species is used in manufacturing products mainly in the UK and USA.
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Bratishko, V. V., S. M. Shulga, O. O. Tigunova, V. I. Rebenko, and A. O. Krasiuk. "Resource potential of the non-grain part of the main agricultural crops biomass in Ukraine." Mehanization and electrification of agricultural, no. 12 (2020): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2020-12-21.
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Annotation Purpose. To quantify the resource potential of the non-grain part of the biomass of major crops in Ukraine. Methods. Analysis and generalization of statistical and analytical information and literature sources. Results. Changes in production volumes and yields of cereals, leguminous crops and sunflower in Ukraine for the period up to 2019 and identifies the main volumes of crop production in Ukraine, which together provide more than 98% of gross harvest are analyzed. For these crops, taking into account the known waste ratios and recommendations for the rational share of bio-raw materials, an assessment of the available resource potential of the non-grain part of biomass in 2019 was performed. Taking into account the trends in the production of major crops and the forecasts of the OECD and FAO, a forecast of changes in the resource potential of the non-grain part of the biomass of major crops in Ukraine until 2029 was done. Conclusions 1. The main vegetable raw materials for further use and processing are straw of the six most common crops: corn, wheat, sunflower, barley, soybeans, and rapeseed. 2. The resource potential of the non-grain part of the biomass of major crops in Ukraine in 2019 is 44.49 million tons. 3. The projected amount of plant bio-raw materials of non-grain part of the main crops, which can be used for further processing, in particular, in biofuel production technologies, in 2029 will be 48.29 million tons. Keywords: biomass, biofuel, legumes, cereals, non-grain part of the crop, resource potential, straw.
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Małajowicz, Jolanta, Aleksandra Jedlińska, Katarzyna Samborska, and Amr Edris. "Development of Microencapsulation Method of Gamma-Decalactone." Proceedings 70, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods_2020-07660.
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Microencapsulation is a technique that is increasingly used to encapsulate fragrances. It offers a valuable method to protect aromas against degradation in technological processes and during storage, which extends the usefulness of the aroma in the production and processing of food products. The aim of this research was to develop a microencapsulation method of gamma-decalactone, a cyclic ester with the scent of peach, which is used as a food additive. The carrier used for microencapsulation was an emulsion consisting of rapeseed oil, maltodextrin and gum Arabic. In this work, optimization of the carrier composition was performed in order to obtain a stable emulsion. The effect of inlet air temperature (80 °C, 180 °C) during spray drying on the powder quality parameters was then analyzed. In the final stage, the gamma-decalactone content in the obtained powders was evaluated. The results showed that emulsions based on colza oil and gum Arabic are a good carrier for the microencapsulation of gamma-decalactone. The use of high pressure during homogenization results in better fragmentation and homogenization of the emulsion. Drying at a higher inlet air temperature (180 °C) contributes to a more efficient microencapsulation process in that more aroma is encapsulated inside the capsules with less adhering to their surface.
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Strapchuk, Svitlana. "PRODUCTION AND USE OF BIOENERGY RESOURCES OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE ON THE BASIS OF SUSTAINABILITY." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 9(28) (2021): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.9(28).11.
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The article deals the analysis of production and consumption of bioenergy resources in agriculture. It is established that the assessment of resource potential is carried out with regard to the following energy trilemma: decarbonization, energy security and affordability, which significantly increases the interest in alternative fuels derived from renewable sources. In order to achieve sustainable development in the context of providing businesses with affordable and clean energy, national indicators relevant to the agricultural sector have been developed. Biomass production utilizes both land and human resourse to a greater extent than any other renewable energy technology, and can create sustainable supply chains. It has been proven that the use of biomass improves the supply and access to energy at the local and national levels, but also reduces waste disposal, provides an alternative use of biomass or fossil resources. It is noted that the main products of biomass processing are solid and liquid biofuels, biogas. Ukraine's energy strategy 2035 suggests an increase in the use of biomass in energy generation up to 11,5 %, and the main stimulus for growth is the use of green tariff. Biomass production requires the largest amount of land resources compared to other alternative sources. It limits the use of sown areas for food crops in favor of bioenergy crops. In particular, the raw materials for the production of bioethanol in Ukraine are sugar, starch crops and cellulose materials, which are converted into the final product by alcohol and sugar factories. Biodiesel production is not widespread enough, and more than 95 % of the gross harvest of rapeseed and soybeans used for its production in 2019 was exported. In the structure of solid biofuels, agricultural waste, in particular straw, stalks and husks, has the greatest potential for the use. Thus, biomass is an alternative energy resource that creates significant prospects for sustainable agriculture, but wholesale energy tariffs need to be revised to take into account external factors that consider insurance risks and increased environmental taxation, which is low in Ukraine.
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Posviatenko, Eduard, Ruslan Budyak, and Petro Aksom. "EXPANSION OF APPLICATION OF AUSTENITE STEEL PRODUCTS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 1(112) (March 23, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-1-9.
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The article considers the increase of machinability of austenitic steels by combining preliminary cold plastic deformation with the use of environmentally friendly lubricating and cooling fluids based on rapeseed oil. It is shown that by fusing plastic steels with a large amount of chromium, nickel and manganese, the Curie point can be reduced to room temperature. State diagrams of Fe - Mn and Fe - Cr - Ni systems after such transformations are considered. In the latter case, steels become suitable for products and technologies of the food industry, but they are difficult to process in mechanical technologies. The study of steels 12Х15G9ND (AISI 201) is given; 08X18H10 (AISI 304); 110G13L (A128). A mathematical model of the object of study was developed, where the process factors were cold plastic deformation (COD), lubricating and cooling fluid (MPC) and cutting speed. The optimization parameters were the shrinkage of the chips and the length of contact of the latter with the front surface of the tool. The equation of the mathematical model is given. A number of modern installations and methods of process research are described. Among the research methods, new ones are noted, in particular, methods of transverse compression, determination of the number of dislocations, spectral analysis, cutting of steels using MPAs of plant origin. The optimal brand of ecologically pure vegetable MPA is determined. It is rapeseed oil together with anti-emergency and anti-wear additives. The main physical and mechanical characteristics of cutting austenitic steels in the context of the impact of HPD together with MPA are presented: friction force, normal force, contact stress, contact pressure, contact length, coefficient of friction, angles of action and shear. It is shown that HPD with coolant reduces the cutting temperature by 30 - 50 ºC, and the components of the cutting forces by 30 – 50%. The effect of selected three main factors of the process on growth is studied. It is shown that the stress-strain state of the system "machined material - tool - chips" from the action of these factors approaches the specified state. That is, the intensity of growth decreases. The relationship between the main phenomena in the cutting of austenitic steels obtained in the study is presented. It is established that medium temperature tempering in a protective environment should be recommended to restore the initial performance properties of austenitic steels. The final finishing operation can be processing with an elastic tool made of superhard materials.
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Fieuzal, Rémy, Claire Marais Sicre, and Tiphaine Tallec. "Towards an Improved Inventory of N2O Emissions Using Land Cover Maps Derived from Optical Remote Sensing Images." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (November 3, 2020): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111188.
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Agricultural soils are the primary anthropogenic source of N2O emissions, one of the most important greenhouse gases, because of the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. The proposed method provides access to an inventory of potential N2O emissions (the term potential refers to possible but not yet actual) at a fine scale, with an annual update, without a heavy deployment linked to a collection of field measurements. The processing chain is applied to optical satellite images regularly acquired at a high spatial resolution during the 2006–2015 period, allowing a better spatial and temporal resolution of the estimates of potential N2O emissions from crops. The yearly potential N2O emissions inventory is estimated over a study site located in southwestern France, considering seven main seasonal crops (i.e., wheat, barley, rapeseed, corn, sunflower, sorghum and soybean). The first step of the study, that is the land use classification, is associated with accurate performances, with an overall accuracy superior to 0.81. Over the study area, the yearly potential budget of N2O emissions ranges from 97 to 113 tons, with an estimated relative error of less than 5.5%. Wheat, the main cultivated crop, is associated with the maximum cumulative emissions regardless of the considered year (with at least 48% of annual emissions), while maize, the third crop regarding to the allocated area (grown on less than 8% of the study site), has the second highest cumulative emissions. Finally, the analysis of a 10-year map of the potential N2O budget shows that the mainly observed crop rotation (i.e., alternating of wheat and sunflower) reaches potential emissions close to 16 kg N2O emitted per hectare, while the monoculture maize is associated with the maximum value (close to 28.9 kg per hectare).
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Ohlson, Ragnar. "Modern processing of rapeseed." Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 69, no. 3 (March 1992): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02635885.
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Stankevych, G., L. Dmytrenko, A. Kats, and V. Shpak. "INVESTIGATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GRAIN RECEIVING FROM RAILWAY TO THE GRAIN TRANSSHIPMENT TERMINAL." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 20, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v20i2.1759.
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In the future, in Ukraine it is planned to increase the sown area for cereals, legumes and oilseeds, to increase the gross grain harvest to 80 million tons, and its export abroad was increased twice. Intensive construction in the southern ports of Ukraine of grain transshipment terminals with large metal silos will solve the problem of increasing grain export in the future. At these powerful terminals, the bulk of the grain comes mainly by rail, and is shipped to water. The aim of the work was to study the characteristics of the grain receiving from railway transport to the grain transshipment terminal of LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” in order to improve its works efficiency. The object of the study was the development of technology of grain receiving at the grain transshipment terminal; the subject of research is cereals, legume sand oil crops, as well as data from daily volumes of receiving and dispensing operations at the grain transshipment terminal of LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” for 2015-2016. The studies were carried out on the basis of processing data from the consignment notes for 2015-2016, according to which there was a summed amount of grain (net) daily transported by the railway. Further processing of the obtained data was carried out by a combined graphoanalytical method, for which, on the basis of tabular values for each studied year, the corresponding histograms and graphs were built and the necessary indicators were determined. Analysis of the structure of grain crops supplied by railway to LLC “Ukrelevatorprom” in 2015 and 2016 and their ratio showed that the main share was occupied by cereal crops (78.0 % and 73.1 % respectively), which were mainly represented by corn, share which was significantly dominated by other crops (wheat of various classes and barley) and amounted to 45.8 % and 44.5 %, respectively, which can be explained by its high demand in the international grain market, in which Ukraine occupies a leading position. Oilseeds (rapeseed) were taken in accordance with 19.1 % and 14.9 %, and legumes (soybeans) — 2.9 % and 12.0 %. An analysis of the timing of the unloading of grain wagons (hopper cars) showed that the total duration of this process, depending on the crops, averages 37...59 minutes. The longest steps for unloading wagons are to determine the grain quality indicators, especially rapeseed, and to spill grain from the wagons, therefore, to reduce their duration, it is necessary to form feeds of wagons with grain batches of the same quality and use more modern express analyzers to determine grain quality indicators, which will increase the productivity of the grain receiving line from the railway. According to the research results, the enterprise has the potential to increase by about 30 % the volume of grain intake. It was established that the periods of the grain receipt at the enterprise in 2015-2016 amounted to 349 and 353 days, respectively, the actual coefficients of the daily irregularity Kdaily for the grain receipt from the railway in these years are equal to 1.47 and 1.52, and the monthly irregularity Kmonth, respectively 1.33 and 1.21, does not exceed the standard values Kdaily = 2.5 and Kmonth= 2.0. This made it possible to clarify the database from the actual characteristics of the process of grain receiving by railway and can be used in design and verification calculations of equipment in technological lines for receiving grain from railway transport, and will contribute to increasing the efficiency of grain transshipment terminals.
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KALETNIK, Hrygoriy, Oleksandr KLYMCHUK, and Victor MAZUR. "PROSPECTS AND EFFICIENCY OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE FROM OILSEED CROPS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 5 (45) (May 2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-5-1.
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On the basis of the analysis of energy expenditure in agriculture in Ukraine and other countries of the world, it is established that the share of expenses of fuel and energy resources in the structure of production costs of Ukrainian agricultural production is twice that of the American producers. High energy intensity of production shows that there is a significant potential for increasing energy efficiency and competitiveness of Ukrainian products. The agro-industrial complex is characterized by a significant potential of the raw material base, which is necessary for bioenergy production. The development of the bioenergy sector in the country should be consistently and scientifically justified, taking into account the possible impact on the environment and the national economy. The main dangers of unskilled use of fuels from biomass are the massive destruction of forests, the development of erosion processes and depletion of soils, the unjustified replacement of food crops with energy. Therefore, an analysis of the possibilities for increasing the volumes of biomass energy crops for further integrated processing and production of biofuels, in particular biodiesel, should be made taking into account the real situation with existing food needs and available sources of fossil fuel resources. The accelerated pace of development of technically available renewable energy resources will allow Ukraine's energy sector to develop in line with the European Union's long-term economic and energy policy. The rational use of resources is an important condition for increasing the production of goods, as well as substantiation of opportunities for fuller use of existing production potential of agrarian enterprises in conditions of market relations. One of the most effective, especially for the agro-industrial sector, is the biodiesel (containing 90% of diesel fuel) among the liquid varieties of biological fuels. Biodiesel is widely used in many countries of the European Union and the world. Its production for use in its pure form requires considerable additional investment, so in most countries mixing oil fuel with rapeseed oil is introduced or used as an additive in the range of 5-30% of diesel fuel. The rapid growth of capacities in the production and consumption of biodiesel shows that the world market has a progressive dynamics and significant prospects in the future. It should be noted that in Ukraine the process of industrial production of biodiesel is still not fully developed, but small agricultural enterprises and farms are already producing it for their own needs (production is about 20 thousand tons annually). Production of this type of biofuel will be justified only if rhythmically renewable stocks of cheap raw materials are used and harm to the environment will be minimized. The obtained research results prove the necessity to improve the formation of the price mechanism for biofuel oilseeds in the direction of a strategic transition to a pricing system that would be able to timely influence the regulation of the market and level the fluctuations of prices during each marketing year. Based on the calculations, it has been established that the current biodiesel production process in Ukraine will be economically advantageous from rape and sunflower seeds and economically unprofitable from soybean seeds, under the current price policy for oilseeds (rapeseed, sunflower, soybean) and petroleum diesel. Analytical calculations indicate that the production of a finished bioenergy product for consumption is characterized by greater economic benefits than the mass exportation of raw materials. Own production of biodiesel results in a reduction in energy prices, obtaining high-quality feeds for the development of the livestock sector and the leveling of the price disparity in agricultural, industrial and energy products existing in our country. The intensive and dynamic development of bioenergy requires complex optimization of this process taking into account the needs of both the fuel and food sector of the economy, as well as state regulation of exports of biofuel raw materials. Despite the high levels of economic efficiency of rape and sunflower oil processing for biodiesel and a number of positive aspects of the growth of the economic development of the territories from biodiesel consumption in the agrarian sector of the economy highlighted, mineral diesel fuel continue to be used in the vast majority of Ukraine. The current level of productivity of biomass of agricultural crops in Ukraine is still far from optimal indicators of technological aspects of its cultivation, efficiency of use and market compatibility. The main reason lies in the rather low level and dynamic volatility of the crop yield of the main and by-products, which is, consequently, the result of insufficient supply of technology for growing and reducing the level of production intensity. A rational system of organization and management of agricultural production involves the effective use of land, which will provide expanded, competitive and continuous production in the conditions of development of market relations. The presence of various forms of ownership in the agrarian sector of the economy requires the organization of a production process for obtaining maximum levels of productivity of biomass of agricultural crops at optimal labor costs in order to form a raw material base. As a result, agricultural enterprises receive an incentive to expand production, rationalize the production process, introduce the latest advances in science and best practices, and develop biofuels production. Thus, in the context of the study, it was found that the systematic use of oilseeds biomass (rape and sunflower) as a renewable energy resource in Ukraine is characterized by the lowest capital expenditure and the most economic benefit. Available in the country's agro-industrial complex, the powerful potential of the scientific, technical and industrial base for the cultivation of biomass oilseeds provides the biofuels industry with high economic efficiency in the use of rapeseed and sunflower seeds, which gives grounds to distinguish it into a separate competitive energy sector. Biomass of oilseeds allows you to solve energy problems of the agroindustrial complex of the regions and districts of the country independently at the local level. In the future, it will be necessary to carry out a scientific substantiation of the use of arable land for the cultivation of oilseeds in order to increase the production of food resources and make the development of biodiesel production at an industrial level. The perspective direction in the production of biodiesel is the use of special types of algae as lipid raw materials. A new technology for the production of biofuels from algae (third generation biofuels) will help solve the problem of lack of raw materials and minimize global food security issues.
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Kubaychuk, Oksana, Tamara Nosenko, and Alona Cherstva. "OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYMATIC PROCESSING OF RAPESEED." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, no. 9 (September 30, 2016): 1736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/1634.
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Stankevych, G., A. Katz, V. Shpak, and O. Gaponiuk. "RESEARCH OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAIN RAILWAY ON GRAIN TERMINAL." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 19, no. 4 (February 7, 2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v19i4.1590.
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An important component of the production and export of grain is the system of transportation of grain from its producers to grain reloading terminals. Among the means of transportation of grain the leading place is occupied by the railway, which is able to provide uninterrupted multi-tonnage transportation of grain from producers to the places of its accumulation and shipment to sea vessels. However, there are some problems in the internal and external operation of grain terminals, which has necessitated these studies. The purpose of the study was to investigate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the flow of grain from the railway to the grain terminal to improve its efficiency. The object of the study was the technological process of receiving grain from the railway at the grain terminal; The subject of the research was grain crops, as well as data on daily revenues of grain by railway transport at the grain reloading terminal of LLC «Ukrelivatorprom» for three calendar years — from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. The studies were conducted on the basis of the processing of the data of the invoice logs for each year of the research, which summed up the amount of daily transported grain (net). Further processing of the obtained was performed by the combined graphoanalytical method, for which on the basis of tables for each investigated year the corresponding histograms were constructed and the necessary indicators were determined. It was found that maize had the highest volumes of grain coming from the railways in 2012–2014, followed by wheat in 2012 and rapeseed in 2013–2014. Barley was the third, except for 2013, in which its volumes were the smallest among the main crops that came to LLC «Ukrelevatoprom» in the years studied. It is shown that the major share was occupied by cereals (67.1… 78.1%), followed by oilseeds (15.1…26.7%), and the smallest was occupied by legumes (2.77…6.8%). The duration of the annual grain intake periods, which amounted to 315, 331 and 333 days, respectively, was determined for 2012–2014. Annual, daily average and maximum grain yields were determined, as well as daily and annual irregularity coefficients of grain supply. The actual coefficients of the daily irregularity of the grain input from the railway in the period 2012-2014 were respectively Kdaily = 1.62; 1.86; 1.79, and monthly irregularities respectively K mont. = 1.31; 1,40; 1.35. According to the standards such coefficients have values Kdaily = 2.5 and Kmont. = 2.0, which allows to use them for design and verification calculations of grain terminal equipment in technological processes of grain acceptance from railway transport.
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Adem, Halime Nihat, Ralf-Peter Tressel, Frank Pudel, Hanno Slawski, and Carsten Schulz. "Rapeseed use in aquaculture." OCL 21, no. 1 (January 2014): D105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2013041.
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Viden, I., Z. Réblova, J. Davídek, and J. Pokorný. "Changes of lipoprotein phospholipids during rapeseed processing." Food / Nahrung 33, no. 4 (1989): 377–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/food.19890330420.
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Carter, C. A., and W. Mooney. "Japanese Tariff Protection of Rapeseed and Soybean Processing." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 35, no. 2 (July 1987): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1987.tb02231.x.
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Huang, S., M. Liang, G. Lardy, H. E. Huff, M. S. Kerley, and F. Hsieh. "Extrusion processing of rapeseed meal for reducing glucosinolates." Animal Feed Science and Technology 56, no. 1-2 (November 1995): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00826-9.
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Uçar, Suat, and Selhan Karagöz. "Co-processing of olive bagasse with crude rapeseed oil via pyrolysis." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 5 (January 18, 2017): 480–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16680729.
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The co-pyrolysis of olive bagasse with crude rapeseed oil at different blend ratios was investigated at 500ºC in a fixed bed reactor. The effect of olive bagasse to crude rapeseed oil ratio on the product distributions and properties of the pyrolysis products were comparatively investigated. The addition of crude rapeseed oil into olive bagasse in the co-pyrolysis led to formation of upgraded biofuels in terms of liquid yields and properties. While the pyrolysis of olive bagasse produced a liquid yield of 52.5 wt %, the highest liquid yield of 73.5 wt % was obtained from the co-pyrolysis of olive bagasse with crude rapeseed oil at a blend ratio of 1:4. The bio-oil derived from olive bagasse contained 5% naphtha, 10% heavy naphtha, 30% gas oil, and 55% heavy gas oil. In the case of bio-oil obtained from the co-pyrolysis of olive bagasse with crude rapeseed oil at a blend ratio of 1:4, the light naphtha, heavy naphtha, and light gas oil content increased. This is an indication of the improved characteristics of the bio-oil obtained from the co-processing. The heating value of bio-oil from the pyrolysis of olive bagasse alone was 34.6 MJ kg−1 and the heating values of bio-oils obtained from the co-pyrolysis of olive bagasse with crude rapeseed oil ranged from 37.6 to 41.6 MJ kg−1. It was demonstrated that the co-processing of waste biomass with crude plant oil is a good alternative to improve bio-oil yields and properties.
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Göckener, Bernd, Matthias Kotthoff, Hans-Willi Kling, and Mark Bücking. "Processing Induced Degradation Routes of Prochloraz in Rapeseed Oil." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67, no. 44 (October 9, 2019): 12293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03518.
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Fenwick, G. Roger, E. Ann Spinks, Andrew P. Wilkinson, Robert K. Heaney, and Maurice A. Legoy. "Effect of processing on the antinutrient content of rapeseed." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 37, no. 8 (August 1986): 735–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740370805.
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Topps, J. "Canola and rapeseed. Production, chemistry, nutrition and processing technology." Bioresource Technology 40, no. 3 (January 1992): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(92)90155-q.
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Czerewko, Georgij, and Jurij Dubnewycz. "Produkcja oraz rynek rzepaku na Ukrainie i jego perspektywy." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 105 (April 13, 2014): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2014.105.6.
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The paper presents the main aspects of rapeseed production and processing in Ukraine in the context of Ukraine’s joining EU. Current situation of rapeseed market and some aspects of exporting activity in this sphere were characterized. A set of possible directions of development of the situation in Ukraine including possible influences of UE’s policy in the sphere of alternative energy sources were presented, as well as changes of volumes of rape production. The paper also analyses the activity of Ukrainian government connected to the rapeseed production and processing, including avoidance of possible pathological Ukraine’s transformation into mere Europe’s raw materials’ supplier.
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Ovchinnikov, E. V., S. Yu Uyutov, S. S. Shevelev, and A. D. Dubrovsky. "Rapeseed Oil Plant." Sel'skohozjajstvennaja tehnika: obsluzhivanie i remont (Agricultural Machinery: Service and Repair), no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-10-2006-08.
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This article off ers a method and technical solutions for using vegetable oil fuel as fuel for a diesel engine. The use of rapeseed as a fuel is hindered by its peculiarity, namely, the main problem is the high viscosity and high self-ignition temperature relative to diesel fuel. The authors propose technical solutions that ensure the use of vegetable oil fuel as a motor fuel in diesel engines. For research purposes, a two-fuel system was developed, manufactured and tested, which allows working part of the time on diesel fuel and part of the time on vegetable oil, in particular on rapeseed oil, depending on the engine operating modes. Experiments have shown high effi ciency of the two-fuel system, which excludes negative consequences for the diesel engine. As a result of the research, the team of authors obtained results and conclusions confirming that the dual fuel system allows the use of vegetable oils as motor fuel in diesel engines, while the engine operation is possible in all modes.
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Sergeev, Nikolay S., Mikhail V. Zapevalov, and Alexander V. Gritsenko. "Cultivation of Rapeseed in the Southern Urals and Its Rational Use." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK 67, no. 1 (March 28, 2020): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-1-78-86.
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In the continental climate of the southern Urals, rapeseed compares favorably with many forage and traditional silage crops with a high protein content and adaptive properties. The cultivation of rapeseed guarantees the production of its own seeds, up to 40 percent of oil, 60 percent of cake and 98 percent of rapeseed flour. (The research purpose) The research purpose is in improving the efficiency of rapeseed cultivation and rational use of rapeseed seeds, rapeseed flour and oil in the agricultural production in the Chelyabinsk region. (Materials and methods) The influence of various forecrops on the productivity and quality of spring rape seeds in the links of grain-pair crop rotations in the Northern forest-steppe of the Chelyabinsk region were studied. Authors have analyzed the chemical composition of the soil and seeds of spring rape after various forecrops. (Results and discussion) The article proposes to reduce energy costs during pressing and reduce residual oil in the cake after pre-grinding of rapeseed by cutting method using a centrifugal-rotary shredder. The article shows that rapeseed flour has a good flowability and is easily mixed with other feeds. It was found that partial replacement of concentrates with rapeseed flour in the amount of 8-12 percent of the total weight in the diet of lactating cows contributes to an increase in milk productivity by 1.1-1.8 kilograms in terms of milk of 4 percent fat content. (Conclusions) It has been revealed that in order to increase the yield and quality of spring rape seeds, it is necessary to place them on the best forecrops. It was found that when 75 percent of rapeseed oil is mixed with 25 percent of diesel fuel, the obtained biodiesel is not inferior to diesel in terms of energy indicators. The article proves that when cultivating rapeseed for seeds on an area of 100 hectares, it is possible to produce 94.5 tons of biodiesel fuel, 106.0 tons of cake with an oil content of 5 percent and 8.4 tons of oil sludge, the estimated economic effect after sale is of 3,813,325 rubles.
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Kozłowski, Krzysztof, and Heinz Jeroch. "Enhancing The Nutritional Value of Poultry Feedstuffs Using The Example of Rapeseed Products – A Review." Annals of Animal Science 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0014.
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Abstract This paper outlines the main goals and methods for improving the nutritional value of poultry diets. The benefits of various processing techniques are demonstrated using the example of rapeseed and rapeseed by-products, i.e. rapeseed cake and rapeseed meal. The progress made in plant breeding in the past decades led to a significant reduction in the content of anti-nutritional factors and ingredients which reduce the nutritional value of feed. Rapeseed by-products have become a valuable source of protein for feedstuffs, and they can be safely used in poultry rations at high inclusion rates. Mechanical treatments, such as rapeseed hulling, and enzyme supplementation (phytases, carbohydrases) also significantly increase the nutritional value of feed ingredients. Further research is needed to tap into the new opportunities for improving the nutritional value of feedstuffs
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Saakian, Alexander. "The effectiveness of the methods of basic processing of gray forest soil in the link of crop rotation in the production of spring rapeseed and surepitsa seeds." АгроЭкоИнфо 4, no. 46 (July 28, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20214411.
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The article offers studies to determine the effectiveness of processing methods for the productivity of spring rapeseed and surepitsa on the dark gray forest soil of the Ryazan region. As a result, it was revealed that the maximum intensity of decomposition of flax tissue was recorded in the steam link of the crop rotation using the dump method of basic tillage for oilseed cabbage crops. The maximum yield of rapeseed was observed on the variant of the steam link of crop rotation + dump processing (31.3 c / ha), in the surepitsa (25.6 c/ha). A high increase in oilseeds in this variant is 4.7 c / ha, where the NSR05 factor with 0.97 c / ha relative to the minimum basic tillage was recorded in 2015. In the experiment, the trends of increasing the yield of oilseeds of spring rapeseed and surepitsa in the fallow link of the crop rotation relative to the row crop are revealed. The maximum oil content of rapeseed was noted in the rowed link of crop rotation during milling tillage (47.6%); in surepitsa – in the rowed link of crop rotation also during milling (45.1%). Keywords: SPRING RAPESEED, SPRING SUREPITSA, DARK GRAY FOREST SOIL, TILLAGE, YIELD, OIL CONTENT
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Mawson, R., R. K. Heaney, Z. Zduńczyk, and H. Kozłowska. "Rapeseed meal-glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects Part 7. Processing." Food / Nahrung 39, no. 1 (1995): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/food.19950390104.
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Gawrysiak-Witulska, Marzena, Aleksander Siger, Magdalena Rudzińska, Kinga Stuper-Szablewska, and Robert Rusinek. "Effect of self-heating on the processing quality of rapeseed." International Agrophysics 32, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2017-0021.
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Abstract The paper concerns the effect of adverse thermal phenomena on the processing quality of rapeseed. A measurement station was developed for the study, composed of a model cylindrical silo with a capacity of 3.85 m3, which was filled with seeds of winter rape cv. Suzy (2.5 t). In the conducted experiment, the silo was filled with three layers of seeds, the bottom layer witha moisture content of 7%, the middle layer with a moisture content of 12.7%, and the top layer with a moisture content of 7%. The experiment was carried out with temperature and humidity sensors in the vertical and horizontal axes, placed in a distance of 0.15 m from one another. The increase in temperature in the intergranular space measured during the self-heating pheno-menon can be divided into two stages: I – slow (up to approx. 150 h)and II – significant (from 150 h, 2-3ºC per day). As a result of the development of the self-heating phenomenon, the processing quality of rapeseed deteriorated. Indeed, under increased temperature the quality changes were so significant that they rendered the seeds unfit for any kind of consumption purposes.