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Journal articles on the topic 'Processing of cassava industries'
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Subakir, Subakir, Priyono Priyono, and Rahayu Puji Suci Rahayu Puji Suci. "Raw Material Supply Analysis Small Group of Industries Food Processing in the District Malang Cassava." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 3 (2012): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/mar2013/81.
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Emanuel Alexander Rettob et al.,, Emanuel Alexander Rettob et al ,. "Performance Effectiveness of Cassava Flour Processing Machine for Small-Medium Industries." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 10, no. 3 (2020): 10475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperdjun20201002.
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Sophia, Halida, Andi Dahliaty, Titania Tjandrawati Nugroho, and Sri Helianty. "Inovasi produk olahan Singkong menjadi Singkong Frozen untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat." Unri Conference Series: Community Engagement 2 (December 30, 2020): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/unricsce.2.488-493.
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The cassava's production arm was quite abundant. Human ratings generally revolved around plantations and in rungs industries, much of which was said in cassava commodities. Most people consume cassava in the simple way of being boiled, fried, made in chips, and so on. In order not to dull the flavor of traditional foods but to be increasingly ogled by the styrofoampurvets, it is possible to make the products of the Singkong processed innovation into cassava frozen. The public's devoted activity is to helping people improve the economy, providing added insight and skill to processing cassava through cassava frozen and helping people form a group of tapioca women (KWT). The method used in this dedicated activity is by counseling between socializing and training and by demonstrations of Singkong frozen production. This activity involves women of family welfare development and housewives in three neighborhood associations is number 01, 02, and 03 at citizens association 12, Mentangor village districts,Tenayan Raya city districts. The result of this activity is that the target public seems enthusiastic about the material presented and has increased participants' knowledge and insight on assava frocenas are 100%.
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Ma'aruf, A. G., and Abdul Hakim Ramli. "Efficient processing of cassava starch: physicochemical characterization at different processing parameters." Food Research 4, no. 1 (2019): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(1).235.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of cassava starch that was processed using different parameters (types of water, drying temperatures and milling sizes) to be added into the food products as an ingredient. Selected commercial cassava starch was used as a reference. Mineral water showed a significantly higher value (p<0.05) for the paste viscosity of cassava starch compared to the other types of water, but indicated no significant difference (p>0.05) with tap water for the swelling power, solubility and gel strength of cassava starch. The increase in the drying temperature significantly decreased (p<0.05) swelling power, paste viscosity and gel strength of cassava starch but significantly increased (p<0.05) its solubility. The increase in the milling size significantly increased (p<0.05) swelling power and solubility, paste viscosity and gel strength of cassava starch. For industrial benefits, the use of mineral water for starch processing, the lowest drying temperature of 70°C and the largest milling size of 63 μm shall be the best processing parameters to produce cassava starch with the highest swelling power which could act as a reliable expansion aid in food products. These parameters shall also be the best processing parameters to produce cassava starch with the highest paste viscosity which could function as a desirable food thickening or gelling agent, as well as the highest gel strength that could be applied as an excellent texture enhancer, binder, or coating for food products.
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Royensyah, Rum Van, and Sundariah Sundariah. "Analisis Kelayakan Industri Rumah Tangga Keripik Singkong di Desa Kasarangan Kecamatan Labuan Amas Utara." RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI 4, no. 1 (2014): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36589/rs.v4i1.36.
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Integrated processing of cassava in the household scale cassava chips industry is an effort to optimize each stage of cassava processing and the utilization of by-products arising from the industry to increase the added value of cassava. Cassava is one of the commodities that are often found in rural areas such as in Kasarangan Village, this study aims to determine the size (i) of production costs (ii) revenue (iii) benefits and (iv) business feasibility of cassava chips household business in Kasarangan Village, Labuan Amas District, North, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency. The results of this study indicate that the business of home industries of cassava chips that were cultivated by entrepreneurs / respondents in this study, the average total cost reached Rp. 22,820,286.00. Average fixed costs reach Rp. 2,228,649.00 / month and the average variable cost reaches Rp. 20,591,636.00 / month. The average revenue is Rp. 54,000,000.00 / month, with an average profit reaching Rp. 31,179,714.00 / month. Based on the data presented, the cassava chips household industry in Kasarangan Village, Labuan Amas District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency. With the average RCR value of the business reaching 2.37, it is worth trying
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Fu, Hailing, Yi Qu, and Yi Pan. "Efficiency of Cassava Production in China: Empirical Analysis of Field Surveys from Six Provinces." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (2018): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081356.
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Cassava is becoming increasingly important as an industrial raw material in China. However, an insufficient supply of cassava raw materials and the expanding demand for cassava in downstream-processing industries restricts the development of the cassava industry in China. This paper studies how to increase the scale of cassava planting and promoting cassava production efficiency using output-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) modeling. Overall Technical Efficiency (OTE), Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE), and Scale Efficiencies (SE) of the cassava-production system in the major cassava production areas of China are calculated using Variable Returns to Scale (VRS). Results reveal that, in addition to the Guangdong province, the OTE of Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, Yunnan, and Jiangxi is inefficient, with an OTE of less than 1. The largest cassava-planting province, Guangxi, has the lowest SE with 0.551. The PTE of Guangxi is close to the minimum with 0.344. The OTE of Guangxi is also the lowest among the five provinces with 0.190. This study also presents ways to improve production efficiency. Results reveal that Guangxi has a large ratio of transverse adjustment on average. In the Guangxi province, 1.70% of the service cost and 1.72% of the labor cost need to be eliminated to keep the current output scale. Meanwhile, service and labor costs need to be reduced by 3164.85 and 3209.92, respectively, to achieve the best production efficiency. Further industrialization and large-scale cassava cultivation, increased yield, and strengthened cooperation with the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Africa are suggested as policy options to improve the cassava system in China.
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Abong, George, Solomon Shibairo, Elizabeth Wanjekeche, et al. "Post-Harvest Practices, Constraints and Opportunities Along Cassava Value Chain in Kenya." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 4, no. 2 (2016): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.4.2.05.
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Despite its great potential as a food, feed and for industrial application, its processing and marketing remains economically unexploited. A cross-sectional baseline survey was undertaken in Western (Migori and Busia) and Coastal (Kilifi and Kwale) regions of Kenya between March 2013 and February 2014 using structured questionnaires to assess the post-harvest practices, opportunities and constraints in cassava processing. Results indicate that cassava processing is predominantly (58%) a women affair, males accounting for 42% with modal processors age being 32 years. Flour was the most common processed cassava product in the Coast (33%) while dried chips was highly produced in Migori and Busia in equal proportion of 43%. Other important products included cassava crisps and composite flour. Coast region had a greater diversity of products which are none existent in other regions. Most of the processing across the regions are small scale with workers mostly being the owners and activities take place in open yards with majority of these being in Busia (85 %) followed by Migori (67 %) and Coast region (57 %). Constraints during cassava processing were ranked in the following order: irregular and inadequate supply coupled with low seasonal demand for cassava and cassava products; high perishability of cassava roots; lack of value addition and processing tools; poor group dynamics, cohesion and management structure; lack of capacity building in production and processing technologies. There is very limited value addition to cassava in the study regions and hence the need to develop innovative technologies as well as new domestic and industrial products. Consumer sensitization and awareness on utilization of cassava and cassava products may be key to its promotion.
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Harris, Mark Anglin. "Environmental Contamination from Industrial Bitter Cassava: Implications for Moisture-Pressure Combination Treatments." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 11 (2016): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n11p204.
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<p>Commercial processing of cassava produces vast quantities of cyanide-laced waste which can adversely infiltrate water supplies and air breathed by factory workers. This study aimed to determine the comparative concentration of cyanogens in the cassava peel as opposed to that of the pith and the effect of the moisture-pressure combination treatments on cyanide concentration. A semi-quantitiative test using the picrate-spectrophotometer method was applied, where, at room temperature in a closed vial, reactions caused liberation of HCN which reacts with a picrate paper. The results showed a 25% higher level of cyanogen concentration in casssava peels compared to that of blended peels and pith. Treatments released cyanide from samples in the order: 2 h wetting at 50 °C + pressing &gt; 4 h wetting at 25 °C + pressing = 2 h wetting at 40 °C + pressing &gt; 2 h wet at 25 °C + pressing = 4h wet at 25 °C &gt; 12 h pressing. In this manner, wetting for 2 h at 50 °C followed by pressure for 12 h released cyanide by at least 20% more than that of any other treatment. The combination of moisture and pressure enhanced the contact time between linamarin and linamarase to increase the release of HCN. Physiological cyanide overload in organisms from cassava processing occurs in water, land, and air. Therefore the reduction in concentration observed in this study, if applied at an early stage of the cassava processing, should reduce the rate of morbidity in environments at risk.</p>
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Santos, Thais Paes Rodrigues dos, Célia Maria Landi Franco, Martha Maria Mischan, Daiana de Souza Fernandes, Marília Sbragia Del Bem, and Magali Leonel. "Production of partially gelatinized cassava starch: effects of preheating temperature and starch concentration on physicochemical characteristics during the spray-drying process." Australian Journal of Crop Science, no. 13(09):2019 (September 20, 2019): 1486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.09.p1568.
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Starch has application in several industrial sectors, such as food, textile, paper, pharmaceutical, among other industries. To meet this demand, native starches have been modified by chemical, physical and enzymatic methods. Cassava is the second source of starch. Furthermore, understanding the effects of spray-drying modification on the structural and physicochemical characteristics of its starch is important. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the main interfering factors in the process of spray-drying on the characteristics of cassava starch, aiming at increasing the industrial applicability of this starch. A Central Composite Rotational Design (CCRD) was employed to assess the experimental data. Experimental design included four factorial points, four axial points and three replicates of the central point. The starch concentration ranges from 5 to 11 % and preheating temperature ranges from 54 to 60 °C. Results showed influence of the variable factors on the characteristics of cassava starch. The processing conditions that allowed obtaining pregelatinized starches with higher viscosity at room temperature, higher resistance to hot and agitation, lower retrogradation tendency, and with partial solubility, desired quality parameters for this product were: 6 % of starch concentration (wet basis) and 60 ᵒC of preheating temperature.
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Firdaus, Aneka, and Aditha Verdinan Panae. "THE EFFECT OF ADHESIVE PAPER WASTE WEIGHT PERCENTAGE IN BIOBRIQUET DERIVED FROM CASSAVA SKIN WASTE." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 1, no. 1 (2020): 021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v1i1.5.
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Cassava skin waste is waste originating from cassava plants from tapioca flour factories or cassava processed product factories. Indonesia is one of the biggest countries that produces cassava. The number of cassava processing industries in Indonesia is large so that a positive correlation can be drawn that the high amount of cassava processed will produce more cassava skin waste. Based on the results of tests conducted, the higher the composition of the Each cassava can produce 10-15% of cassava skin waste. Cassava skin waste is directly removed, can cause buildup that results in environmental damage. Cassava skin waste is obtained from local farmers, where on average each cassava produces 10-15% of waste. In general, this waste is not used and just thrown away. This research was conducted with the main ingredients of cassava peel waste and adhesive made from used paper. The composition of the mixture of cassava peel and used paper varies, where the percentage by weight of the adhesive starts from 7.0% to 10% with an increase in the composition every 0.5%. Then the biobriquette carbonization process was carried out at a temperature of 400 ° C. The biobriquette characterization was carried out based on ASTM standards to analyze water and ash, volatile matter and heating value. The results of the analysis on the composition of the lowest cassava bark had the highest heating value of 5888 cal / gr with the lowest water, ash and volatile matter content.
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Warnita, Warnita, Nalwida Rozen, and Aisman Aisman. "Community Empowering through Tubers Crop Cultivation with its Compost Applications And Its Processing Technology." AJARCDE | Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment 2, no. 1 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v2i1.7.
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Tuber crops (cassava and sweet potato) are potential sources of food that are widely used by the community. The demand for large quantities of potatoes increases every year. Therefore,we need to increase productivity. The purpose of this action research is to encourage student empathy to contribute and solve the problem in society by applying research results to improve the yield of tubers (cassava and sweet potato) through community service program which is named KKN-PPM. The methods applied by encouraging and motivating farmer groups, community leaders and small-processing industries. The activities are: 1) counseling, 2) training and 3) demonstration of compost application on sweet potato cultivation and cassava in farmer's land 4) manufacturing of various cassava processed products and 5) the application of packaging to products. The results of this KKN-PPM program are: 1) Increased awareness and empathy of students on economic, social and cultural issues so as to increase the income of the people; 2) The occurrence of partnerships between students who have various skills and technology so that can be realized a good cooperation to empower the community in cultivation of tubers and its processing; 3. increasing knowledge and technology among the cultivators and processors of tuber crops and packaging improvements so as to increase the selling price. 4. Positive response which is given by the community in the form of active participation and enthusiasm in following the activity from the beginning to end of the implementation.
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Johnson, Regy, S. N. Moorthy, and G. Padmaja. "Production of High Fructose Syrup from Cassava and Sweet Potato Flours and their Blends with Cereal Flours." Food Science and Technology International 16, no. 3 (2010): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013210366770.
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Despite being a rich source of starch, root crops such as cassava and sweet potato have not been widely exploited for the production of high fructose syrup (HFS), which is a highly valued sweetener for the food and beverage industries. The major factors contributing to the cost of production of HFS are the cost and labor-intensive steps in the production of starch, different processing temperatures and pH for the enzyme reactions, poor extractability of starch, etc. With the objective of overcoming the cost associated with the preparation of starch, the feasibility of using native cassava/sweet potato flours and their blends with rice flour and wheat flour, as the raw material for HFS production was investigated. The saccharified slurry from cassava-rice flour blends contained 70-72 g reducing sugars/100 g, which was higher than that released from native cassava flour (∼69%). Blends of sweet potato with rice or wheat yielded saccharified mash with lower content of reducing sugars (60-66%). Although the percentage conversion to fructose after isomerization was similar for cassava/sweet potato or their blends with cereal flours (42-43%), fructose yield was higher in native cassava flour and cassava-rice blends (28-29 g/100 g) than the other flour blends.
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Vlaar, Paul, Paul van Beek, and Richard Visser. "Genetic modification and its impact on industry structure and performance: post-harvest deterioration of cassava in Thailand." Journal on Chain and Network Science 7, no. 2 (2007): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2007.x083.
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Genetic modification has led to fierce debates around the world. Nevertheless, scientific evidence for its potential effects on the structure and performance of industries has hitherto remained rather meagre. In this article, we take some preliminary steps towards closing this gap by exploring the effects of the introduction of a genetically modified cassava variety on the structure and efficiency of the starch industry in Thailand. Currently, producers of cassava starch are confronted with a problem called post-harvest deterioration, which reduces the quantity and quality of starch in cassava roots within 24 to 48 hours after harvesting, leading to lower payments for farmers and lower starch recovery rates for factories. In addition, post-harvest deterioration prohibits factory owners to hold large stocks of fresh cassava. Combined with a strong seasonal fluctuation of supply, this leads to a low utilisation of installed processing capacities at the starch factories. In this article, we examine how the structure and performance of the Thai starch industry would change in case a genetically modified cassava variety would be introduced that no longer suffers from post-harvest deterioration. After having interviewed 19 stakeholders in this industry, we developed two simple linear programming models to examine the optimal locations, capacity classes and utilisation percentages for starch processing plants in the Northeast of Thailand. Our findings demonstrate that an extension of the storability of cassava to 45 days will not only diminish the number of factories needed, but it will also cause most large-sized factories to be replaced with medium-sized plants. Moreover, introducing a new cassava variety with such properties is estimated to render benefits of approximately US $ 35 million for Thai cassava farmers and factory owners.
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Ohu, Eugene Agboifo. "Ibrahim – the cassava starch processor." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 7, no. 1 (2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2016-0021.
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Subject area AgriBusiness entrepreneurship Study level/applicability Post-graduate and executive education classes in agribusiness: MBA, Executive Education programmes for senior managers; entrepreneurial studies and workshops for SMEs. Case overview This case study is centred on Ibrahim, a businessman in Tanzania, who decided to start a business to process and sell cassava starch flour. Following a market survey, he realized that the demand for cassava starch surpassed the supply and planned to bridge this gap. To realize his business idea, he applied for and received a loan from an investment bank (Tanzania Investment bank), with which he bought processing machines and some acres of land for the cultivation of the crop. Unfortunately, he encountered a major setback because the sub-standard processing machine he bought stopped working after one week. He could neither repair his equipment nor buy new ones because the bank refused to extend his loan facility. Ibrahim was also having problems meeting a huge international and local demand for his cassava because of inadequate supply of cassava by local farmers. Expected learning outcomes This paper aims to understand the entire cassava value chain, which is made up of three major players: growers, processors and end-users; to understand the business case for opting to focus on one of the three areas, what arguments could be given for being a grower, a processor or an end-user; to understand that there are different types of end-user products: cassava starch flour, high-quality cassava flour, both of which can come from an intermediate product called “grates”; to understand the reason for the paradox, that there is (potentially) a high demand for cassava flour locally, and yet these end-users are not yet willing to patronize the local market because supply is low, and supply is low, not because farmers cannot produce more, but simply because they are not processing more – why is this?; to understand that the “processing” stage seem to be the rate-limiting-stage in the cassava starch production value chain – how can this process be improved?; to understand the case for aggregating local farmers into cooperatives to produce enough cassava roots to feed the need of industrial processors, and aggregators can also collect and pre-process into “grates” before selling to industrial processing companies; and to understand the importance of locating processing plants close to the farms. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Gbenga Olorunshola Alege, Chinenye Sylvia Anyoku, Comfort Kehinde Olubiyo, Gloria Taiye Olubiyo, Blessing Adejoh, and Daniel Yomi Onemayin. "Chromosomal aberrations induced by cassava industrial effluent using Allium Cepa assay." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 3 (2020): 097–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.13.3.0386.
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This study assessed the heavy metal compositions and chromosome aberrations induced by cassava industrial effluent using Allium cepa meristem assay. Effluent collected at the point of discharge from the cassava processing factory located at Lokoja, Kogi State Nigeria was analyzed for quantity of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Nickel Ni, Cobalt (Co) and Lead (Pb) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method. Onion (Allium cepa) roots were allowed to grow in beakers containing different concentrations of cassava industrial effluent (i.e. 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and the control for 24 hours. Harvesting of the tips for chromosome observations was carried out between 8:00 to 9:00am West Africa Time. Data pooled under X400 magnification of the light microscope for mitotic phases and chromosome aberrations were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) while means with significant difference across concentrations were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results revealed that only Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) concentrations in the effluent were higher than the minimum values recommended by World Health Organization. The effluent also produce binucleate cells, variant chromosomes, C-mitosis, vacuolated cells, tripolar anaphase and anaphase bridge which suggests the mutagenic and cytotoxic activities of the industrial effluent. The decrease in the Mitotic Indices (MI) of effluent-treated root cells compared to the control indicates mito-depressive ability of the effluent at every concentration. Regular monitoring of industries for compliance to treatment of effluent before releasing them into the environment is recommended.
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Pardian, Pandi, Tomy Perdana, and Trisna Insan Noor. "Cassava Bioindustrial Perspective." E3S Web of Conferences 249 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124902004.
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Cassava is one of the commodities of food crops that mainly processed in food products. In addition to being the raw material, cassava food products also have the potential as raw materials for making bioplastics. Processing cassava into bioplastics is carried out by bio-industrial, so the discussion about the process of utilizing cassava up to being bioplastic is interesting to explore. The results of descriptive analysis and literature sharing show that the cassava bio-industry is more environmentally friendly because the production in the form of bioplastic is easier to decompose compared to fossil plastics, the production process with the concept of circulation has the ability to eliminate waste
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Okunwaye, T., P. O. Uadia, B. O. Okogbenin, E. A. Okogbenin, D. C. Onyia, and J. U. Obibuzor. "Amylase-Producing Fungi and Bacteria Associated with Some Food Processing Wastes." Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 38, no. 1 (2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njb.v38i1.9.
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Amylases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds present in starch to release simple sugars. They are one of the most important enzymes in numerous commercial processes. In this investigation, fungal and bacterial strains from the following agro-industrial wastes were isolated and screened for amylolytic ability: soil from oil palm plantation, shea seed, date fruit, coconut meat, cassava effluent, cassava peel, cassava tubers, yam and potato tubers, starch medium, parboiled water from noodles and rice. The results revealed the presence of Geotrichum, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus and Fusarium spp. Five major genera of bacterial species namely Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus and Bacillus were isolated and screened for amylase activity. Cassava soil had the highest heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.7 x105cfu/g and coconut meat waste had the lowest heterotrophic bacterial count of 1.3 x105cfu/g. All isolated microorganisms had the amylolytic ability. The fungal isolates had higher amylase activity when compared with the bacterial isolates. This investigation reveals organisms with high amylase activity.
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Treesilvattanakul, Krissana. "Deterministic Factors of Thai Cassava Prices: Multi-Uses of Cassava from Food, Feed, and Fuel Affecting on Thai Cassava Price Volatility." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 3 (2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i3.399.
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<p>Cassava (Manihot esculaenta Crantz) is one of the world important carbohydrate and calorie crops. The significance of cassava lies hidden in the uses of cassava products ranging from food to industrial sectors. In recent years, the Thai cassava price is markedly fluctuated and became a challenge for farmers, collectors, and manufacturers of cassava products to manage their production and processing. This paper examines factors considerably influencing the volatility of Thai cassava price. We further attempt in reporting the weighted importance of each factor including the pattern of their relationship with respect to cassava price. Research methodology will be conducted into two dimensions: from the perspective of only cassava price and from the combination of cassava price and its influencing factors. The result shows the seasonality nature of cassava price, while the fluctuation is caused by the several interrelated factors.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Cassava, Price, Utilization, Thailand. </p>
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Karri, Vasavi Rama, and Nirmala Nalluri. "Cassava: meeting the global protein need." Plant Science Today 3, no. 3 (2016): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2016.3.3.249.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a nutty flavored, starch-tuber perennial woody shrub originated from tropical America belongs to Euphorbiaceae family of plants. After rice and maize, it is considered as the third largest source of carbohydrate food in the tropics and its sweet, chewy underground tuber is one of the popular edible root-vegetables. It is ranked as a 21st century crop, as it acknowledges to the universal economy trends and climatic changes. Currently, use of cassava leaves as a potential source of protein, vitamins and minerals was reviewed. The effect of malnutrition on health and development of people and its control by using cassava leaves as a protein rich source were briefly discussed. Cascade use of cassava leaves, in industrial applications like natural filler for potential reinforcement of polypropylene based composites was also presented. Although, cassava leaves are vital source of essential nutrients, their anti-nutrients and cyanogenic glucosides content limits their consumption, which can be overcome by the development of an efficient, simple and low-cost processing methods for protein extraction from cassava leaves. There are supporting evidences for efficacy of cassava leaf protein in reducing the effect of malnutrition by the intake of protein rich cassava leaves, fortified with various common food items. So consumption of cassava leaves enriched with high protein, vitamin and mineral contents with the development of suitable processing technology to remove anti-nutrients can be an alternative source to meet the global protein demand.
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Omotosho, O. A., and A. Y. Sangodoyin. "Production and utilization of cassava peel activated carbon in treatment of effluent from cassava processing industry." Water Practice and Technology 8, no. 2 (2013): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2013.023.
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Industrial waste disposal is a worldwide problem. It is necessary to manage production facilities and systems properly to prevent environmental degradation. The major aim of this study was to produce Zinc Chloride activated carbon from cassava peels which is a major solid waste from the cassava production process. The wastewater from cassava processing was treated using a peroxide oxidation process before being subjected to adsorption using Cassava Peel Activated Carbon (CPAC) at different activation levels. Results from the study shows that CPAC at activation ratio of 1:1 was the most effective as all parameters after adsorption with the exception of suspended solids fell below FEPA interim standard on discharge. The CPAC at 2:3 activation ratio also met the discharge standards but after 8 hrs of contact time. The result shows that CPAC could be adopted for treatment of cassava industry wastewater. Decontamination efficiency of the CPAC was 100% for Ni, Cd, Cr and CN at all activation levels while BOD5 removal for no activation, 1:3, 2:3, 1:1 ZnCl2 activation levels were 78.8, 85.9, 87.9 and 92.9% respectively. The CPAC exhibited the lowest values for Ca removal efficiency of 8.9, 8.9, 10.1 and 10.1% for no activation, 1:3, 2:3 and 1:1 activation levels respectively. Colour removal efficiency values were 33.3, 41.7, 41.7 and 50.0% respectively after 8 hrs of contact time.
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Ibeje, A. O., and E. Onukwugha. "A Model for Optimal Treatment of Cassava Wastewater Using Anaerobic Baffled Reactor." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 18, no. 2 (2021): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v18i2.7.
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The major components of the effluents from cassava processing industries are cyanide and starch. However it is suspected that cyanide inhibits the treatment of cassava wastewater. The experimental data were successfully fitted to a polynomial model which was used to optimize the treatment processes at a laboratory scale. The Monod and Michealis-menten models for cassava wastewater treatment was successfully calibrated and validated in an ABR system. For Michealis-Menten model, the maximum substrate utilization rate is estimated in the range: 2866.88 to 1432.84 mgl-1 and for Monod’s model, it is estimated in the range: 493 to 1242 mgl-1, which is more realistic, hence validating the empirical model as more accurate than the former, which is theoretical. The result revealed that the inhibitor constant decreased from 9.9989 to 1.6101mgl-1 as the number of baffles increased from 3 to 10. To reach a maximum COD removal efficiency of 99%, it was found that the aspect ratio of 10, 20 baffles, cyanide inhibition constant of 30 mg/l and influent flow rate of 0.8 l/min, are the required optimum operating conditions of the anaerobic baffled reactors.
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Amilia, Winda, and Miftahul Choiron. "STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA DAN DAYA SAING PADA INDUSTRI TEPUNG TAPIOKA DI KECAMATAN POGALAN KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK." JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics) 10, no. 2 (2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v10i2.5654.
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Small and Medium Enterprises play an important role for economic growth in Indonesia. As an agricultural country, development on agricultural sector should be done to meet the needs of industries. As agricultural commodities, cassava requires processing efforts to increase the product value. Anis Jaya has been processing tapioca flour since 1983 in the center of tapioca flour on Pogalan, Trenggalek Regency. Since 2015, Anis Jaya has decreased production number, due to the decline on market demand. This has an impact on the decline of cassava purchasing price by industry. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the feasibility of Anis Jaya business and to analyze business competitiveness using Porter’s Diamond model approach for business development. The analysis shows that the Net Present Value is Rp. 88.690.571,74 (NPV > 1), Internal Rate of Return is 54,98% and Payback Period less than 1 year. Net B/C ratio of Anis Jaya is 2,82 which indicates that the industry is still worth continuing. The formulated development strategy is making efficiency by adding capital, improving product and service quality, optimizing labor performance, and managing raw material inventory and auxiliary materials.
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Darko-Koomson, Samuel, Robert Aidoo, and Tahirou Abdoulaye. "Analysis of cassava value chain in Ghana: implications for upgrading smallholder supply systems." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 10, no. 2 (2020): 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-05-2019-0066.
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PurposeCommercialization of cassava is increasing because of increased urban demand for processed products and increased recognition of the industrial potential of the crop. This study aims to examine the cassava value chain in Ghana and its implications for upgrading.Design/methodology/approachA combination of purposive, simple random and snowball sampling methods was adopted to select key actors in the cassava value chain. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Analysis of the data was largely descriptive, except for profitability of cassava production in selected regions, which was examined by employing gross and net marketing margin analysis. A comprehensive value chain map was generated to show the different product pathways for cassava from the farm gate to the final consumer, and roles of key value chain actors and their relationships were summarized through simple narrations.FindingsEvidence has shown chains of more than four different channels through which fresh cassava roots move from the farm gate to final consumers. Production of cassava in Ghana is profitable, generating positive net marketing margins across major producing centres. Processing of cassava has both dry and wet/fresh value chains depending on the derived products for the final consumer. There is weak governance system in the cassava value chain in Ghana as majority of actors use spot market transactions in dealing with trading partners. The use of standardized grading and weighing system is very limited in the chain, and limited access to credit is a critical constraint to value chain upgrading.Research limitations/implicationsWith the exception of results from the profitability analysis of producers, the findings on marketing margins of other value chain actors may not be generalizable. Future studies could determine the profitability associated with cassava value-adding activities like processing into various forms and explore the possibility of converting waste from processing into energy.Practical implicationsThe study includes implications that focus on product and process upgrading efforts by smallholders in the cassava value chain. This paper recommends innovative financing models for smallholders to improve access to microcredit via internal and external funding sources.Originality/valueThis paper reveals specific intervention areas in which smallholders can direct efforts in an attempt to improve the cassava value chain through product, process and functional upgrading.
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Lansche, Jens, Sebastian Awiszus, Sajid Latif, and Joachim Müller. "Potential of Biogas Production from Processing Residues to Reduce Environmental Impacts from Cassava Starch and Crisp Production—A Case Study from Malaysia." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082975.
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The cultivation of cassava (Manihot esculenta) is widely spread in a variety of tropical countries with an estimated annual production of 291.9 million tons. The crop is the most important source of carbohydrates in producing countries. In Malaysia, cassava is mainly cultivated for starch production. Despite the economic and nutritional importance of cassava, there is only limited knowledge available regarding the overall environmental impacts of cassava starch production or the production of alternative food products like cassava crisps. This study presents an environmental assessment of different scenarios of cassava production and processing by a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. The results indicate that the environmental impacts of cassava-based products can be reduced considerably with the utilization of processing residues for anaerobic digestion if the resulting biogas is used for the production of electricity and heat. In the industrial scenario, the results indicate that the highest relative reductions are achieved for cumulated energy demand (CED), global warming potential (GWP) and deforestation (DEF) with −39%, −26% and −18%, respectively, while in the advanced scenario, environmental impacts for CED, GWP, ozone formation potential (OFP) and water stress index (WSI) can be reduced by more than 10% with −281%, −37%, −16% and −14%, respectively. The impacts for global warming potential found in this study are slightly higher compared to other studies that focused on the carbon footprint of starch production from cassava, while the savings due to biogas production are similar.
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Syaifudin, Andang. "Alternatif Remediasi Limbah Cair Industri Keripik Singkong (Manihot utilissima) Menggunakan Tanaman Air dan Tawas." Jurnal Litbang Edusaintech 1, no. 1 (2020): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51402/jle.v1i1.12.
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In the processing of chips using cassava (Manihot utilissima), it will produce waste in the form of solid and liquid waste. The liquid waste of processing cassava chips contains organic compounds that are easily decomposed and cause unpleasant odors. If the liquid waste is discharged directly into the environment, it will cause pollution and damage the environment. One of the steps that can be used to overcome this problem is phytoremediation. The purpose of this study was to determine the best treatment in the processing of cassava chips industrial wastewater so that the liquid waste is safe to dispose of into the environment. In this study, using two types of aquatic plants, namely water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and kiambang (Pistia stratiotes) and using alum to remediate liquid waste. This research was conducted experimentally using a jar with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 25 cm with 3 repetitions of each treatment. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively to determine the best treatment that can be used for remediation of cassava chips industry wastewater. The results showed that the use of water hyacinth plants (Eichhornia crassipes) could improve the quality of wastewater so that it is safe to dispose of into the environment.
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Raheem, Dele. "The Need for Agro-Allied Industries to Promote Food Security by Value Addition to Indigenous African Food Crops." Outlook on Agriculture 40, no. 4 (2011): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/oa.2011.0063.
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Food security is a major concern in developing countries and requires urgent attention and collaborative effort from all stakeholders. As the human population continues to increase, the demand for food becomes far greater than the supply can meet. There is a need to cultivate more indigenous food crops and to diversify into new products by using processing and preservation techniques to ensure that more people have access to good quality, nutritious foods. It is therefore essential that agro-allied industries in African countries receive encouragement to improve the application of technology for processing raw food crops, increasing their shelf life, improving nutritional values and packaging, and maintaining high quality standards. This paper emphasizes the potential benefits for three staple African foods – maize, cassava and sorghum. The application of science to transform the properties of these foods and relevant technologies, such as extrusion cooking, can add value to their use in the immediate future and will help in meeting the Millennium Development Goals.
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Oruonye ED, Ahmed YM, and Joseph MOruonye ED. "Cassava value chain and food security issues in Nigeria: A Case Study of IFAD-VCDP Intervention in Taraba State." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 6, no. 3 (2021): 019–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.3.0029.
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Nigeria is the largest cassava producing country in the world. Taraba state is one of the top 5 leading producers of cassava in Nigeria. Despite its large scale production of the crop, most existing literatures covers cassava production in the southern forest belt of the country, with little or not much on cassava production in Taraba State. It is against this background that the study examines cassava value chain and food security issues in Nigeria using the case of International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) value chain development programme (VCDP) intervention in Taraba State Nigeria. Cassava is generally produced as food crop and industrial raw material for starch, high quality cassava floor, ethanol, cassava chips and pellets. A number of constraints in the cassava value chain emerged which were not initially foreseen. An innovation fund was approved in 2012 to allow the programme to respond to these challenges. Value addition to local cassava is essential, to reduce the bulkiness of fresh tuber, minimize post-harvest loses, increase shelf life, stabilize product prices and facilitate easy transportation from farm to local or urban markets. The data for this study were generated through secondary (desk) research and archival materials. The findings of the study reveals that IFAD-VCDP intervention only covers 5 LGAs in Taraba State (Takum, Gassol, Wukari, Ardo-kola and Karim-Lamido LGAs). Towards the end of the year 2020, 3 additional LGAs were added which include Bali, Jalingo and Donga LGA. The programme was able to carry out sensitization of stakeholders and training of about 30 leaders of farmer organizations (FOs) in each of the selected LGAs. The programme trained farmers on how to develop appropriate and usable business plan, financial management and record keeping systems. About 25 participating farmer groups were able to access credit from financial institutions, 24 groups received inputs in cassava production. Some of the challenges include inadequate funding, lack of adequate support to the marketing component, inadequate clean water and lack of improved mechanized cassava processing equipment. Based on the findings, the study recommended increase support for cassava marketers, financial linkages and establishment of more cassava processing centres.
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Ayetigbo, Oluwatoyin, Sajid Latif, Adebayo Abass, and Joachim Müller. "Comparing Characteristics of Root, Flour and Starch of Biofortified Yellow-Flesh and White-Flesh Cassava Variants, and Sustainability Considerations: A Review." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093089.
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Cassava is a significant food security and industrial crop, contributing as food, feed and industrial biomass in Africa, Asia and South America. Breeding efforts have led to the development of cassava variants having desirable traits such as increased root, flour, and starch yield, reduced toxicity, reduced pest/disease susceptibility and improved nutrient contents. Prominent among those breeding efforts is the development of colored-flesh cassava variants, especially biofortified yellow-fleshed ones, with increased pro-vitamin A carotenoids, compared to the white-flesh variants. The concept of sustainability in adoption of biofortified yellow-flesh cassava and its products cannot be fully grasped without some detailed information on its properties and how these variants compare to those of the white-flesh cassava. Flour and starch are highly profitable food products derived from cassava. Cassava roots can be visually distinguished based on flesh color and other physical properties, just as their flours and starches can be differentiated by their macro- and micro-properties. The few subtle differences that exist between cassava variants are identified and exploited by consumers and industry. Although white-flesh variants are still widely cultivated, value addition offered by biofortified yellow-flesh variants may strengthen acceptance and widespread cultivation among farmers, and, possibly, cultivation of biofortified yellow-flesh variants may outpace that of white-flesh variants in the future. This review compares properties of cassava root, flour, and starch from white-flesh and biofortified yellow-flesh variants. It also states the factors affecting the chemical, functional, and physicochemical properties; relationships between the physicochemical and functional properties; effects of processing on the nutritional properties; and practical considerations for sustaining adoption of the biofortified yellow-flesh cassava.
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Nainggolan, Hotden L., and Elisabeth Sri Pujiastuti. "Model Pengembangan Agribisnis Ubi Kayu Untuk Mendukung Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Di Kecamatan Pancur Batu Kabupaten Deli Serdang." Agrifo : Jurnal Agribisnis Universitas Malikussaleh 4, no. 1 (2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ag.v4i1.1537.
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This research aims to; a) identify the development of production and analyze the constraints on the development of cassava commodities in Pancur Batu District; b) discover the model of cassava agribusiness development in Pancur Batu District. The analytical methods used were descriptive qualitative method using SWOT matrix and quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study show; a) The cassava marketing channel in this area is still simple, dominated by the role of agents from farmers/ producers to industries/ processing factories; b) Capital access is a major obstacle to the development of agribusiness, as 80% of respondents said; c) The production price at the low producer/ farmer level is a barrier to the development of agribusiness, which was delivered by 78% of respondents; d) 78% of respondents expressed market access and the development of business partners was a constraint in the development of cassava agribusiness; e) Availability of land is the main strength of farmers in the development of cassava agribusiness in this region as conveyed by 83% of respondents. And 75% of respondents said that the availability of labor was not enough to support the development of agribusiness in this region, in addition to the fact that human resources were available in untrained conditions. Based on the conclusion it can be suggested that the Deli Serdang Regency Government; a) conducting training and counseling to farmers, especially in the utilization of production factors to increase their farming production; b) provide market information for farmers which includes output prices and input prices including market access for farmers; c) guarantee capital access for farmers sourced from government or private financial institutions with affordable interest rates; d) create policies to ensure the stability of production prices at the producer/ farmer level; e) bridging farmers to gain market access and development of business partners.
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Schwantes, Daniel, Affonso Celso Gonçalves, Gustavo Ferreira Coelho, et al. "Chemical Modifications of Cassava Peel as Adsorbent Material for Metals Ions from Wastewater." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3694174.
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Residues from the processing of cassava roots (Manihot esculentaCrantz), or cassava peels, are evaluated as chemically modified adsorbents with H2O2, H2SO4, and NaOH, in the removal of metal ions Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) from contaminated water. Modified adsorbents were chemically characterized for their chemical composition andpHPZC(point of zero charge), while adsorption tests determined the best conditions of pH, adsorbent mass, and contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate in the process of removal of the metal ions. Isotherms obtained from the preliminary results were linearized by Langmuir’s and Freudlich’s models. The thermodynamic parameters, such asΔH,ΔG, andΔS, were also evaluated. The modifying solutions proposed were effective in the modification of adsorbents and resulted in high capacity sorption materials. Equilibrium time between adsorbent and adsorbate for the solutions contaminated with metals is about 40 minutes. The Langmuir model adjusted to most results, indicating monolayers adsorption of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III). The values obtained for LangmuirQmshow a higher adsorption capacity caused by chemical modifications, with values such as 19.54 mg Cd(II) per g of M. NaOH, 42.46 mg of Pb(II) per g of M. NaOH, and 43.97 mg of Cr(III) per g of M H2O2. Results showed that modified cassava peels are excellent adsorbent, renewable, high availability, and low-cost materials and a feasible alternative in the removal of metals in industries.
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Yaya A. Gimba, Abubakar Idris, Abdullahi Hassan, and Opeyemi N. Hassan. "Isolation and optimization of the fermentation condition of cellulolytic microbial isolates from cassava waste water." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2021): 011–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.1.0421.
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The study was conducted to isolate and identify cellulose producing microorganisms from cassava waste water. Cassava waste water sample was obtained from a cassava processing factory at Lokogoma town in Wushishi Local government area of Niger State. The microorganisms were isolated, identified and counted by standard microbiological methods. The mean bacteria count ranges from 6.8 x 103 cfu/mL-1 to 2.1 x 103 cfu/mL-1 while the fungi count ranges from 3.2 x 103 cfu/mL-1 to 1.2 x 103 cfu/mL-1. A total of eight (8) bacterial; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthrax, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsilla sp, Bacillus megaterus, Staph. Epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and six (6) fungi; Saccharomyce serivicea, Aspergillus niger, Penecillium sp., Muccor sp., Aspergilus flavus and Aspergilus fumigetus isolates were identified in the waste water. Among these organism, the best cellulase activity was recorded for Bacillus subtilis (10.39 x 10-4 mg/ml/sec) and Aspergillus niger (11.21 x 10-4 mg/ml/sec). However, maximum activity was obtained at pH ranges from 3 ~ 9, temperature ranges from 30 oC ~ 80oC and substrate concentrations ranges from 1.5% ~3.0%. In conclusion, cassava processing water regarded as waste water could be an alternative source of microorganisms capable of producing cellulase enzyme for industrial purposes.
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Boncz, M. A., L. Pinheiro Bezerra, C. Nobuyoshi Ide, and P. Loureiro Paulo. "Optimisation of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial waste streams in Brazil." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 8 (2008): 1659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.508.
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The important Brazilian agro-industry produces significant amounts of wastewater with high concentrations of biodegradable compounds. A lot can be gained if wastewater treatment would take place using anaerobic reactors instead of the anaerobic lagoons generally used now. Apart from preventing methane emissions to the atmosphere this would permit the use of the biogas as a source of energy. To facilitate implementation of this technology also in small and intermediate sized companies a system requiring only minimal maintenance is needed. The need for maintenance by skilled labour can be reduced using an automated process control system, which is being developed. Cassava (manioc, tapioca) processing wastewater has been treated in a lab scale UASB reactor equipped with an on-line monitoring system, to test a control strategy based mainly on pH control. Good results have been obtained treating not only pre-acidified but also treating raw (diluted) cassava processing wastewater.
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Nurwati, Niken, Rini Nizar, and Amalia Amalia. "ANALISIS AGROINDUSTRI KRIPIK UBI KAYU DI KELURAHAN KULIM KECAMATAN TENAYAN RAYA KOTA PEKANBARU." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 14, no. 1 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v14i1.949.
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The agricultural sector is the main pillar of economic development in Indonesia because Indonesia almost all economic activities centered on the sector. Processing of agricultural or agro-industry is the agricultural product processing business for the purpose of increasing the value of the product. Pekanbaru city produces one of the agricultural products that manioc. The highest production of cassava in Sub Tenayan Raya in Pekanbaru, namely 11 210 tonnes (Pekanbaru in number 2015). In connection with this condition, this study aims to analyze costs and revenues, Break Even Point (BEP), profit planning as well as the added value generated by the agro-industry critic's capable of cassava in Kulim Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. It can be concluded:1.The cost of agro-industrial production processes cassava chips "SUGENG SNACK" In December 2016 flavors Balado is Rp. 40,822,557.40, original flavors Rp. 40,822,557.40 and chilli chips (Sanjai) Rp. 22,777,250.00. Net revenue cassava chips flavors Balado is Rp. 12,681,442.60, or Rp. 5,214 / Kg; Rp original flavors. 11,565,426.00 or USD. 6763 / Kg; and crispy chilli (Sanjai) Rp. 5,613,570.00. or Rp.6577,-/Kg2.Value BEP (Q) agroindustrial cassava chips "SUGENG SNACK" In December 2016 flavors Balado is 145.88 kg, 85.26 Kg variants of the original flavor and crispy chilli (Sanjai) 48,45Kg. Total sales to achieve profit Rp.20.000.000, - for each variant flavors, flavors Kg Balado is 3751.34, 2894.91 Kg variants of the original flavor, and crispy chilli (Sanjai) 2922.03 Kg.3.Value-added agro-industry cassava chips "SUGENG SNACK" In December 2016, flavors Balado is the output value of Rp. 8360, - provide added value for Rp.5.757, - or by 68.86%, flavors original output value of Rp. 8360, - provide added value amounting to Rp. 5627, - or by 67.3%., And crispy chilli (Sanjai) output value amounted to Rp.12.768, - provide added value amounting to Rp. 9675, - or a total of 75.776%.
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Fakir, MSA, M. Jannat, MG Mostafa, and H. Seal. "Starch and flour extraction and nutrient composition of tuber in seven cassava accessions." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 10, no. 2 (2013): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14698.
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots (tubers) are used as staple food. Starch extracted from tubers is widely utilized as raw materials in industries. Dry matter (DM) content, starch and flour extraction and proximate composition were investigated in seven cassava accessions (Coc-A1, Kh-A2, Cow-A3, Sa-A4, Me-A5, Va-A6 and Sy-A8.) in 2010- 2011. Leaf DM varied from 20.51% in Me-A5 to 29.01% in Sy-A8; that of stem from 27.24% in Va-A6 to 32.10% (average of Sy-A8, Me-A5 and Sa-A4); and that of tuber from 37.30% in Kh-A2 to 45.26% in Sy-A8. Starch was extracted by blending chopped tuber followed by decantation. Tubers were sliced, sun dried and milled into flour. Tuber starch content (fresh wt. basis) varied between 15.04% in Sy-A8 and 24.97% (average of Coc-A1 and Me-A5); that of peel from 4.54% in Va-A6 to 5.85% in Coc-A1. Crude protein varied from 1.80% (average of Kh-A2, Cow-A3 and Sy-A8) to 4.53% in Va-A6. Crude fiber content varied from 1.95% (average of Sa-A4 and Coc-A1) to 4.27% in Cow-A3. Cyanogens present in cassava plant escape as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) during harvesting and processing. Variation for HCN existed and it was 140.95 mg/kg fresh tuber (average of Sy-A8 and Coc-A1) to 546.0 mg/kg fresh tuber in Va-A6. There was no detectable HCN in the extracted flour and starch. It may be concluded that genetic variation for DM, starch, protein and HCN existed in seven cassava accessions, and Coc-A1 may be a better one due to its lower HCN, higher DM and starch content. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14698 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 217-222, 2012
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Ewebiyi, I. O., T. O. Ikotun, and O. O. Olayemi. "Constraints to utilization of improved processing technologies among cassava processors in Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Science and Sustainable Development 7, no. 1 (2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jssd.v7i1.4.
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This study investigated the constraints associated with utilization of improved processing technologies among cassava processors in Oyo State, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a random sample of 176 respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The findings were that most (56.8%) of the respondents had a positive attitude towards utilization of mechanical grater, screw press hydraulic and Hammer mill technologies. However, inadequate funds, lack of technical know-how, lack of information, high cost of purchase and inadequate engineers for the improved processing technologies were identified as severe constraints militating against utilization of improved processing technologies. Significant relationship was established between these constraints and utilization of the improved processing technologies. It is recommended that government 1) builds factories that will lower the cost of the technologies; and 2) ensures that research institutes, departments of Agricultural engineering in universities and polytechnics and adult education programs in the community are adequately funded to promote knowledge of the technologies.RésuméCette étude a examiné les contraintes associées à l’usage des technologies traitantes améliorées parmi les traitants du manioc dans l’état d’Oyo au Nigeria. Un questionnaire structuré fut utilisé pour la collecte de données provenant de 176 enquêtés hasardement sélectionnés du champ d’étude. Les données ainsi collectées furent analysées par moyen de statistiques descriptives (telles que le comptage de fréquence, le pourcentage et la moyenne) ainsi que les statistiques inferentielles. La Corrélation du Moment Produit de Pearson (CMPP) fut employée pour déterminer la relation entre contraintes et usage des technologies traitantes améliorées parmi les traitants du manioc dans le champ d’étude. Les résultats de l’étude ont démontré que l’âge moyen d’enquêtés était de 41.23 ans et que plus d’un quart d’enquêtés (33.0%) avaient six à dix ans d’expérience dans le traitement du manioc. De surcroit, les résultats ont révélé que la plupart d’enquêtés (56.8%) avaient une attitude favorable envers l’usage des technologies traitantes améliorées de rappe mécanique, presse-vis hydraulique et moulin-marteau. Des fonds inadéquats, le manque du savoir-faire technique, le manque d’information, le coût élevé d’achat, et les ingénieurs inadéquats concernant les technologies traitantes améliorées ont été identifiés par les enquêtés comme sérieuses contraintes militant contre l’usage des technologies traitantes améliorées. Une relation significative existait aussi entre contraintes (r=-0.189, p=0.012) auxquelles les enquêtés font face et leur usage des technologies traitantes améliorées. L’étude a recommandé que le gouvernement construise les usines ou industries où les technologies traitantes améliorées seraient fabriquées à coût bas, que les instituts de recherche et département d’ingénierie agronome dans les universités et écoles polytechniques soient financés adéquatement, ainsi que les programmes d’alphabétisation d’adultes dans les communautés de traitants du manioc pour surmonter le défi d’analphabétisation et la saisie du savoir-faire technique concernant les opérations technologies. Tout ceci va renchérir l’usage effectif des technologies traitantes améliorées parmi les traitants du manioc dans le champ d’étude—une chose qui, en long terme, pourra se traduire en haute productivité, augmentation de revenus, et conditions de vie en mieux.
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COOKE, R. D., and E. N. MADUAGWU. "The effects of simple processing on the cyanide content of cassava chips." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 13, no. 4 (2007): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb00807.x.
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Bulathgama, Ashani Uthpala, G. D. M. Gunasekara, I. Wickramasinghe, and M. A. D. Somendrika. "Development of Commercial Tapioca Pearls used in Bubble Tea by Microwave Heat–Moisture Treatment in Cassava Starch Modification." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 1 (2020): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.1.1455.
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Bubble tea is a trending food product around the globe and capture a high demand in the high-end market in Asian region as well. This product contains a chewy bubble in enhancing the palatability and the acceptability of the final bubble tea product, which is made with cassava starch. Cassava is an important high caloric tropical food crop, yet has a limited utilization due to its perishability and high cyanide content. Industrial processing of cassava into several food products is one of the most preferred solution for this and thus, tapioca pearl production is also one of the major food application of cassava starch. So the main objective of this study to develop a standardized and much preferred method of tapioca pearl production, and develop a tapioca pearl to be incorporated in bubble tea with higher sensory acceptance, and lower cost. A standard procedure was developed after several trials, and considering the economic benefit, cassava flour incorporated pearls were also tried. The made pearls were subjected to sensory evaluation, proximate composition and cyanide content analysis, as well as texture profile analysis, and finally, the microbiological stability of the product was also checked under refrigerated storage conditions. According to the obtained results, the final product was sensory accepted (p<0.05) over the commercially available product and had a laboratory proven shelf life of 30 days under refrigerated storage conditions.
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Ugwu, B. O., and O. Okereke. "The problem of inadequate supply of raw cassava for industrial cassava processing: A case study of the Nigerian Root Crops Production Company, Enugu, Nigeria." Agricultural Systems 18, no. 3 (1985): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-521x(85)90029-0.
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Sadeli, Achmad. "APPLICATION OF IPTEKS BASED ON LOCAL FEED WASTE FOR LIVESTOCK FARMER GROUP IN TUNTUNGAN II VILLAGES , PANCURBATU, DELI SERDANG REGENCY." Journal of Saintech Transfer 2, no. 2 (2020): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jst.v2i2.1007.
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Deli Serdang Regency is one of the regencies in North Sumatra which has the potential for developing beef cattle consists of cattle and goats. Livestock commodities such as beef cattle and goats have indirect linkages to input-output between industries, consumption and investment. The problem faced by farmers until now is the problem of livestock productivity that still cannot be optimized. In general, optimization of livestock productivity is closely related to aspects of breeding, feeding and management. The fundamental problems faced by partners today involve providing and feeding that meets the needs of livestock as well as fast and good fattening.
 The planned activities that will be carried out include: (1) Preparation of forage fermentation for animal feed, (2) Preparation of complete feed fermentation and (3) Preparation of Multi Nutrient Blocks (MNB). The details of the output of the program produced include: 1) Mastering fermentation-based agricultural and plantation waste processing technology 2) Extension services and assistance to increase productivity of beef cattle 3) Independence of farmers in processing cassava chips industrial waste as animal feed to improve their quality and availability in the form of products fermented feed and complete feed 4) Mastering livestock supplement making technology in the form of Multi Nutrien Block (MNB) 5) Guidebooks, leaflets, seminars and scientific publications.
 The result of this service, farmers can make fermented feed, complete feed and multi nutrient blocks (MNB) well. The conclusion of this service needs further service by utilizing other local food waste sources so that farmers have more choices of feed given to their livestock.
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OGUNSUA, A. O., and G. T. ADEDEJI. "Effect of processing on ascorbic acid in different varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz)." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 14, no. 1 (2007): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1979.tb00848.x.
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de Sena Aquino, Ana C. M., Juliane M. Pereira, Lucas B. Watanabe, and Edna R. Amante. "Standardisation of the sour cassava starch reduces the processing time by fermentation water monitoring." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 48, no. 9 (2013): 1892–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12167.
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Liu, Yue, Xiaoxuan Ren, Hao Wu, Qingxiang Meng, and Zhenming Zhou. "Steam Explosion Treatment of Byproduct Feedstuffs for Potential Use as Ruminant Feed." Animals 9, no. 9 (2019): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090688.
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Although many byproducts of milling industries have potential as a ruminant feed, they have not been widely used due to their low nutritive value, especially high-fiber content and difficult processing techniques. Steam explosion can increase the degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin and make byproduct feedstuffs more suitable as ruminant feed. Five byproduct feedstuffs: cassava alcohol residue (CAR), distillers’ grains (DG), cottonseed meal (CM), rapeseed meal (RM) and potato starchy residues (PSR), were steam-exploded using five different processing parameters and the effects on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, energy value, and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System composition were assessed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the technique’s development and utilization for ruminant feed production. In this study, after steam-explosion treatment, the nutritive value and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of CAR, DG, RM and PSR were improved (p < 0.05), while there was no effect on nutritive value of CM (p > 0.05). Specifically, steam explosion treatment decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, available cell wall, and slowly degraded protein, and increased the total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, metabolic energy, net energy for maintenance, and net energy for gain, sugar, non-structural carbohydrate and IVDMD. Therefore, steam-explosion treatment offers the potential to improve the suitability of byproduct feedstuffs as ruminant feed.
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Kolapo, Adelodun Lawrence, Raoofat Olamide Salami, Ismail Onajobi, Flora Emilia Oluwafemi, Abosede Oyeyemi Fawole, and Olufunmilayo Ebunoluwa Adejumo. "Detoxification and nutritional enrichment of cassava waste pulp using Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger." Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati. Fascicle VI - Food Technology 45, no. 1 (2021): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/foodtechnology.2021.1.04.
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The present study evaluated the detoxification and nutritional enrichment potentials of the fermented cassava waste pulp obtained through different processing methods of sweet (S) and bitter (B) cassava varieties by fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus niger. Four batches [two with both bark and cortex of the tuber removed (S- and B-), two with bark only removed (S+ and B+)] of cassava waste pulp (CWP) were produced from each of S and B varieties. CWP from the four treatments were then subjected to Rhizopus oligosporus, Aspergillus niger, and natural fermentation. Cyanide (mg HCN/kg), phytate (mg/100g), tannin (mg/100g), pH, crude protein (N X6.25) (%), ash (%), Fe, P, K and Ca (mg/100g) content of the unfermented and fermented CWP were determined using standard procedures. The range of the reduction (%) in cyanide content for Rhizopus oligosporus fermented CWP (RCWP), Aspergillus niger fermented CWP (ACWP), and naturally fermented CWP (NCWP) were 86.24 – 91.95, 79.68 – 84.34 and 72.96 – 78.58 while those for phytate were 58.82 – 71.20, 29.98 – 39.26 and 36.16 – 40.32 respectively. Fermentation had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the tannin content while the pH range of NCWP, RCWP and ACWP were 7.20 – 7.50, 5.41 – 6.40, and 3.83 – 4.21, respectively. The range of the increase (%) in the protein content for NCWP, RCWP, and ACWP was 346 – 375 , 671 – 728 and 508 – 542 while those of the ash content were 7.16 – 7.91, 6.72 – 6.84, and 5.42 – 5.63 respectively. Of all the examined minerals, only calcium increased by 5.68 – 26.89, 49.96 - 70.43, and 59.71 – 98.87 % in NCWP, RCWP, and ACWP respectively. Results from the present study are indicating that controlled fermentation offers greater benefit over natural fermentation and that the cassava variety and not the peeling method will determine the extent of detoxification and nutrient enrichment.
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Maziya-Dixon, Busie, Alfred G. O. Dixon, and Gorrettie Ssemakula. "Changes in total carotenoid content at different stages of traditional processing of yellow-fleshed cassava genotypes." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 44, no. 12 (2009): 2350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2007.01638.x.
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Vimala, Bai, Remadevi Thushara, Bala Nambisan, and Janardhanan Sreekumar. "Effect of processing on the retention of carotenoids in yellow-fleshed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots." International Journal of Food Science & Technology 46, no. 1 (2010): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02478.x.
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Prayitno, Prayitno, Sri Rulianah, Windi Zamrudy, and Sugeng Hadi Susilo. "An analysis of performance of an anaerobic fixed film biofilter (AnF2B) reactor in treatment of cassava wastewater." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 10 (109) (2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.225324.
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The cassava starch wastewater contains organic materials (as BOD, COD) in high concentrations so it has the potential to cause pollution in the aquatic environment. Several methods of cassava starch wastewater treatment have been used to reduce the concentration of organic matter (pollutants) in cassava starch wastewater, including Activated Sludge, Stabilization Pond, Anaerobic-Aerobic filter process. However, various studies continue to be carried out to get higher processing efficiency on the factors that influence it. Several factors influence the efficiency of wastewater treatment processes, including the type and origin of decomposing microorganisms, hydraulic residence time (HRT), organic load rate (OLR), process design, pH, and temperature. The research aimed to evaluate the performance of the AnF2B reactor in treating cassava starch wastewater, in which the reactor performance is shown by changes in organic matter removal (COD removal) and biogas production. The research is conducted using 3 types of AnF2B reactors wherein each AnF2B reactor contains a bee nest-shaped bio-filter as a growth medium for the consortium of indigenous bacteria. The AnF2B reactor operates in anaerobic conditions with a set temperature of 29–30 °C and a pH of 4.5–7. In each AnF2B reactor, cassava starch wastewater is fed with different OLR so that each reactor has an HRT of 5, 6, and 7 days. The concentration of COD at the influent and effluent of the reactor was measured and the biogas was produced using the APHA standard method. The results showed that the AnF2B reactor had a satisfactory performance in COD removal and biogas production, which at HRT: 6 days and OLR of 1.72 g/L·day found that the maximum COD removal was 98 % and the volume of biogas of 4.8 L/L·day was produced on the 12th day
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Lia Novenda, Ika, Pujiastuti Pujiastuti, and Setyo Andi Nugroho. "PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CAIR SINGKONG DAN INDUSTRI TEMPE KEDELAI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR." Pancaran Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.25037/pancaran.v6i1.10.
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Cassava and soybean industry has a high level of waste production, and yet have the technology to reduce pollution. Industrial liquid waste is discharged directly into water bodies without any processing will occur blooming (deposition of organic material at disposal), the process of decay and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. These conditions cause the stench and disease organisms. So. The problem can be be solved by the cassava and soybean liquid waste be valuable end products a manner to manage it as an organic liquid fertilizer. This research aims to determine the influence of the environment (pH and temperature), BOD and nutrient content of C and N of the effect of industry concentration EM4 with tapioca waste and industrial waste tempe on the quality of liquid fertilizer. Liquid organic fertilizer conducted 4 weeks with different concentrations of each sample (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6). Fertilizer conducted facultative anaerobes which provides a 10-liter bucket, the lid is provided with a hole size of 2 mm by 1 piece, and once a week conducted physical observations of fertilizer that is pH and temperature. week 4 BOD test, and test the nutrient content of Organic C and N Total. The results showed pH measurement 3rd week suffered the smallest pH of 4.1. Measurement of the temperature reached the peak temperature also on the 3rd week of 37oC. The BOD contained in the sample K4 at 4.6 mg / l and BOD lowest in K6 sample is 3.1 mg / l. Research shows Organic C content ranged from 4.32% to 4.92%, while the content of N-total ranged from 0.88% to 1.87%. From the research of the most good nutrient used as organic manure is sampled K6 (200 ml EM4 + 300 ml + 2500 ml Cassava Waste waste tempe).
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Dauda, Deborah, and Manju Dominic. "Effectiveness of agricultural wastes in soil stabilization." Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research 10, no. 1 (2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7770/safer-v10n1-art2452.
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Many ways have been sought to improve soils, especially expansive soils which have been problematic to structures and pavements built over them and soil stabilization seems to be one of the effective ways. But soil stabilization in itself is not cost-effective hence the introduction of agricultural wastes being researched on and seen as a cheaper means to be used as stabilizing agents which helps in minimizing the cost of soil stabilization, thereby reducing the problem of waste disposal. Agricultural wastes like Rice Husk Ash, Bagasse Ash, Sugarcane Straw Ash, Saw Dust Ash, Coconut Husk Ash, Millet Husk Ash, Corn Cob Ash, Locust Bean Pod Ash, Cassava Peel Ash and Bamboo Leaf Ash have been experimented with in stabilizing soils and as well, serving as supplementary cementitious materials for cement in concrete production. The strengths of the soils and the concrete stabilized with these wastes were seen to improve significantly and their effectiveness was estimated based on an average optimum value. Agricultural waste processing Industries can be set up to help in the massive production of these natural stabilizers which would lessen the cost of soil stabilization using cement and chemicals and also generally reduce problems that are associated with waste disposal, helping in waste management. 
 Keywords—expansive soils, soil stabilization, agricultural wastes
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Palma, Denise, Lucas Tadeu Fuess, Adriana Neres de Lima-Model, et al. "Using dolomitic limestone to replace conventional alkalinization in the biodigestion of rapid acidification cassava processing wastewater." Journal of Cleaner Production 172 (January 2018): 2942–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.118.
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Lestari, Puji, Nur Richana, Abdul Aziz Darwis, Khaswar Syamsu та Untung Murdiyatmo. "Purifikasi dan Karakterisasi α-amilase Termostabil dari Bacillus stearothermophilus TII-12". Jurnal AgroBiogen 7, № 1 (2011): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v7n1.2011.p56-62.
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<p>Purification and Characterization of Thermostable<br />α-amylase from Bacillus stearothermophilus TII-12. Puji<br />Lestari, Nur Richana, Abdul A. Darwis, Khaswar Syamsu,<br />and Untung Murdiyatmo. Thermostable α-amylase is a<br />potential enzyme employed in the starch processing and<br />widely used in food industries, but this enzyme is still<br />imported. The local enzyme production would be more<br />economist and useful for its broad applications. Here we<br />report α-amylase from indigenous bacteria TII-12 which was<br />purified and characterized, as well as analyzed its hydrolysis<br />product on cassava starch. The enzyme of Bacillus<br />stearothermophilus TII-12 partially purified by ultrafiltration,<br />acetone precipitation and gel filtration (Sephadex G-100)<br />showed the reduced total activity, total protein and yield, but<br />increased the specific activity. The enzyme had a Km of 1,06<br />mg/ml and Vmax of 1,21 mol/min, with optimal activity at pH 7<br />and 90oC. An apparent molecular mass was of 192.932,8<br />Dalton, as estimated by Native-Polyacrylamide Agarose Gel<br />electrophoresis. Its activity was inhibited by the divalent<br />cation chelator such as EDTA and CuSO4 but activated by<br />calcium ion. Hydrolysis products of this enzyme on cassava<br />starch were glucose, dextrin, maltose and oligosaccharides.<br />After 24 hours of hydrolysis, the concentration of glucose<br />and maltose reached 51.970 and 10.090 ppm, respectively.<br />The thermostable α-amylase of TII-12 is an endo-α-amylase<br />and prospective to be applied on starch liquefaction with<br />high temperature process.</p>