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Barrett, Richard. "Novel processing routes for neural interfaces." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5137/.
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The thesis describes novel processing routes that have been developed to fabricate neural interfaces. A process has been investigated that uses microfabrication techniques to fabricate a multi-channel regenerative implant that can record nerve impulses in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), called the Spiral Peripheral Nerve Interface (SPNI). It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that the implant improves the ability to record signals in the PNS via micro-channels that act as axonal amplifiers. New processing routes are introduced to create robust interconnections from the SPNI to external electronics via ‘Microflex’ technology. To incorporate the new interconnection technology the SPNI had to be modified. During this modification the strain in the device was given specific consideration, for which a new bending model is presented. Modelling is used to show that electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can be used to assess the quality of the fabrication process. Electrochemical and mechanical tests show that the interconnection technology is suitable for a neural interfaces but the fabrication of perfectly sealed micro-channels was not evident. Thus, the SPNI was further improved by the introduction of a silicone sealing layer in the construction of the micro-channel array that was implemented using a novel adhesive bonding technique.
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Yu, Hao. "Processing Routes for Aluminum based Nano-Composites." Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/367.
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The term "Metal Matrix Nano-Composites (MMNCs)" broadly refers to a composite system that is based on metal or alloy substrate, combined with metallic or non-metallic nano-scale reinforcements. The main advantages of MMNCs include excellent mechanical performance, feasible to be used at elevated temperatures, good wear resistance, low creep rate, etc. In the recent past, MMNCs have been extensively studied, especially the method of fabrication as the processing of such composites is quite a challenge. Though a variety of processing methods have been explored and studied over the years, none have emerged as the optimum-processing route. The major issue that needs to be addressed is the tendency of nano-sized particles to cluster and also the challenge as to how to disperse them in the bulk melt. This work explored the feasibility of utilizing Lorentz forces to address both of these critical issues: clustering and dispersion. The work was carried out both theoretically as well as with accompanying validation experiments. The results indicate that Lorentz Forces may be viable and should be considered in the processing of MMNCs.
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Shen, Xiangqian. "Novel processing routes for oxide cathode emission materials." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10822.
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An investigation has been carried out into the production of the alkaline earth carbonate and oxide powders and coatings suitable as cathode emission materials by the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDT A) gel method for potential application as cathode emission materials. The emission performance of thermionic cathodes coated with these materials has been measured, and found to give encouraging results, comparable with conventionally prepared oxide emission materials, despite the former having not been optimised. Amorphous gels of composition Ca-EDTA, Sr-EDTA, Ba-EDTA, [SrO.5 Bao.5J-EDTA and [SrO.5 Bao.5 Cao.05J-EDTA were successfully prepared from aqueous solutions of alkaline earth nitrates and EDT A. Subsequently, the thermal decomposition of the gels and the effects of temperature and atmospheres on the decomposition have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The gels and the powders derived from calcination of these gels at different temperatures have been characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) , X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with X-ray energy dispersive (EDX) spectroscopy. Coatings prepared by dip-coating, spraying and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) from the EDT A-sols have been characterised by FTIR, XRI> and SEM techniques. In addition, an attempt was made to study the coating of the colloidal particles in the suspension of methanolethanediol- EDTA sol by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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Yakhshi, Tafti Mohsen. "Nanostructured Bulk Thermoelectrics : Scalable Fabrication Routes, Processing and Evaluation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-186124.
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Current fossil fuel based energy sources have a huge shortcoming when one discusses their efficiency. The conversion efficiency of fossil fuel-based technologies is less than 40% in best cases. Therefore, until the renewable energy section is mature enough to handle all the energy demand one has to research and develop the technologies available to harvest the energy from the waste heat generated in fossil fuel-based supply sources. One of these emerging technologies is the use of thermoelectric (TE) devices to achieve this goal, which are solid-state devices capable of directly interconverting between heat and electrical energy. In the past decade there has been a significant scientific and financial investment within the field to enhance their properties and result in time/energy efficient fabrication processes of TE materials and devices for a more sustainable environment. In this thesis with use of chemical synthesis routes for nanostructured bulk thermoelectric materials iron antimonide (FeSb2), skutterudites (based on general formula of RzMxCo1-xSb3-yNy) and copper selenide (Cu2Se) are developed. These materials are promising candidates for use in thermoelectric generators (TEG) or for sensing applications. Using chemical synthesis routes such as chemical co-precipitation, salt melting in marginal solvents and thermolysis, fabrication of these TE materials with good performance can be performed with high degree of reproducibility, in a much shorter time, and easily scalable manner for industrial processes. The TE figure of merit ZT of these materials is comparable to, or better than their conventional method counterparts to ensure the applicability of these processes in industrial scale. Finally, through thorough investigation, optimized consolidation parameters were generated for compaction of each family of materials using Spark Plasma Sintering technique (SPS). As each family of TE nanomaterial investigated in this thesis had little to no prior consolidation literature available, specific parameters had to be studied and generated. The aim of studies on compaction parameters were to focus on preservation of the nanostructured features of the powder while reaching a high compaction density to have positive effects on the materials TE figure of merit.Dagens fossilbränslebaserade energikällor har en enorm brist gällande effektivitet. Effektiviteten av fossilbränslebaserade teknologiers omvandling är mindre än 40 % i bästa fall. Därför tills förnybar energi är mogen nog att hantera alla energibehov, måste man forska och utveckla teknik för att skörda energi från spillvärme i fossilbränslebaserade försörjningskällor. En av dessa nya tekniker är tillämpning av termoelektriska (TE) material för att uppnå målet. Nämnde material är Soldi-State materialer som kan transformera mellan värme och elektrisk energi. Under det senaste decenniet har det pågått en stor vetenskaplig och ekonomisk investering inom området för att förbättra termoelektriska materials egenskaper. Dessutom ville man ta fram tid/energieffektiva TE material och komponenter för en mer hållbar miljö. I denna avhandling utvecklades och producerades termoelektriska material såsom järn antimonid (FeSb2), skutterudit (baserat på allmänna formeln RzMxCo1-xSb3-YNY) och koppar selenid (Cu2Se) med hjälp av kemiska syntesmetoder. Genom att Använda kemiska syntesmetoder som kemisk samutfällning, salt smältning i marginella lösningsmedel och termolys, kan material med hög grad av reproducerbarhet och ställbar för industriella processer tillverkas. Termoelektrisk omvandling effektivitet hos uppnådde material är betydligt högre än resultat av andra studier. I och med detta kan man säga att materialet kan användas inom industri. Slutligen, genom en grundlig undersökning optimerades packningsparametrar som genererades för packning av varje materialgrupp med hjälp av Spark Plasma Sintring teknik (SPS). Eftersom ingen relevant studie finns för varje grupp av termoelektriska nanomaterial som undersökts i denna avhandling, studerades och genererades dessa specifika parametrar. Syftet med studien är att fokusera på bevarande av nanostrukturerade egenskaperna hos pulvret och att samtidigt nå en hög packningstäthet för att ha positiva effekter på materialens termoelektriska omvandlingseffektivitet.
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Mobberley, Thomas Guy. "Novel processing routes for consolidation of powder metallurgy based aluminium matrix composites." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500132.
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Ferreri, Ann Arita. "Novel processing routes for YBa2 Cu3 O7-x thin film via ultrasonic spray pyrolysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414978.
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Hong, Zuliang. "Development and comparison of processing routes for the manufacture of oxide dispersion strengthened steels." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:74ffd0e0-0447-491f-88c1-1c970428f42b.
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Ferritic oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels reinforced by evenly and densely distributed Y, Ti and O enriched nano-sized precipitates (NP) have emerged as one of the most promising structural materials candidates for next generation (Generation IV) nuclear fission and future nuclear fusion concepts, since they can both withstand more intensive neutron irradiation, and maintain strength and creep properties at higher operating temperatures than current standards. The conventional processing route for ODS steels is a two-step powder metallurgy process, consisting of mechanical alloying (MA) of an Fe based matrix and a normally nano-sized Y2O3 powder followed by consolidation into bulk. However, major disadvantages such as prolonged processing time, small batch size, tendency for contamination and high inherent cost of feedstock powders have prevented industrial application of the MA based route. This thesis has explored two alternative processing routes for ODS steels. In the first approach, Y2O3 was replaced with Fe3Y during MA, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) consolidation. The use of Fe3Y did not disrupt the standard MA process for powders, while the consolidated alloy possessed a narrower grain size distribution, higher room temperature ductility and slightly better high temperature microhardness compared with a reference alloy produced using Y2O3. In the second approach, the whole MA process was replaced with melt spinning of an Fe-5Y or Fe-1Y-1Ti (wt%) alloy. Relatively uniform spatial distribution of Y and Ti was achieved in the melt spun ribbons. The process demonstrated consistent yield (> 60% by weight), fast processing time (< 10 s), good scalability (up to > 100 g feedstock material) and repeatability across equipment in three different institutes. Internal oxidation investigations also validated the potential of forming < 20 nm Y oxides in the ribbons. The Fe-1Y-1Ti melt spun ribbon was then pulverised and consolidated into bulk by field assisted sintering (FAST). Simultaneous internal oxidation was achieved with the addition of nano-sized Fe3O4 powder, and successfully generated a high number density of sub-micron Y and/or Ti enriched oxides. Further formation of oxides took place during annealing, resulting in an approximate 20% increase in hardness at temperatures below 300 °C. However, the use of Fe3O4 powder reduced sinterability of the ribbons and undermined density of the alloy, which lead to mechanically incoherent prior ribbon boundaries and a significant property drop above 400 °C.
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Jiang, Xia. "Development of Al alloy composites by powder metallurgy routes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ee89b51e-386d-48c8-8f45-161e94490fb6.
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Particulate reinforced Al alloy composites (AlMCs) are recognized as important structural materials due to their lightweight, high modulus and strength and high wear resistance. In order to understand the effect of matrix, reinforcement and secondary processing techniques on the microstructure development and mechanical properties of AlMCs produced by powder metallurgy routes, Al alloy composites reinforced with three types of reinforcements by different secondary processing techniques have been produced and examined. Fabrication of Al or 6061Al alloy based composites reinforced with nano-sized SiC particles (~500nm), micro-sized (<25µm) quasicrystalline alloy particles (hereinafter referred to as “NQX”) and micro-sized Nb particles (~130µm) has been carried out by powder metallurgy routes followed by extrusion or cold rolling. After extrusion, a homogeneous distribution of secondary particles has been obtained with rare interfacial reaction products. The 6061Al/SiC composites exhibit superior mechanical properties than either monolithic alloys or composites reinforced with micro-sized particles with retained ductility while the 6061Al/NQX and 6061Al/Nb composites show limited improvement in tensile strength mainly due to their reinforcement size and poor interfacial bonding. After cold rolling, the evolution in microstructure, texture and strength has been analysed. A typical near β fibre texture with highest intensities near Copper and Brass orientations has been developed for 6061Al/NQX and 6061Al/Nb composites. For 6061Al/SiC composites, a randomized texture with very small grains has achieved due to the presence of the non-deformable SiC particles. Mechanical property tests including microhardness, three-point bending tests and tensile tests have been carried out on cold rolled samples and the results exhibit some level of improvement when compared with as-extruded samples due to work hardening. Finally, the work moves on to the general discussion based on the previous result chapters. The microstructural development related to reinforcement, matrix and interfacial areas during extrusion and cold rolling has been summarised and the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties has been discussed. The thesis provides a thorough understanding of AlMCs produced by powder metallurgy routes in terms of matrix, reinforcement and processing techniques. It can provide reference to the future development of AlMCs for high strength applications.
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Liu, Xiao Dong. "How do interpreting patterns implicate neurocognitive processing routes? evidence from English vs Chinese consecutive interpreting." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3959193.
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Dickert, Stephen. "Two Routes to the Perception of Need: The role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in prosocial behavior." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7232.
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xv, 175 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT HM1033 .D535 2008Emotional reactions are a critical element in the motivation to help others. For the purpose of the current research, these reactions are broadly conceptualized as focused either on the self or on other human beings. Self-focused affect (e.g., anticipated regret) motivates helping through the reduction of an unpleasant emotional state, whereas other- focused affect (e.g., sympathy) motivates helping due to concern for the victim. This dissertation investigates the role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in the genesis and use of emotional reactions in decisions to provide financial aid to people in distress. In five studies, a model of affective vs. deliberative information processing is examined within the domain of prosocial behavior. Three main hypotheses investigated whether information processing mode influenced participants' donations, affective reactions, and the relationship between affective reactions and donations. Processing mode was manipulated by a cognitive load paradigm, a priming procedure, the number and identifiability of victims, serial vs. single presentations, and the addition of background statistics related to the victim's situation. Furthermore, participants' ability to visually focus on a single target presented with and without distractor victims was investigated as part of an attentional mechanism that generates affective responses. The results supported a model in which deliberative processing has potentially disruptive effects on the generation of other-focused affect and on the extent to which these types of emotions predicted donations. The importance of other-focused affect in donation decisions was augmented by reducing deliberative capacity, priming affective processing, and increasing the affective salience of victims by identifying them. The influence of self-focused affect on donations was robust to changes in information processing mode and appeared to be governed by different mechanisms than other-focused affect. Humanitarian aid organizations should be sensitive to these issues when eliciting donations from potential donors. Implications and future research are discussed.
Adviser: Paul Slovic
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Krishnaswamy, Vijay. "Heuristic network generator : an expert systems approach for selection of alternative routes during incident conditions /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05022009-040559/.
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Dickert, Stephan. "Two routes to the perception of need : the role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in prosocial behavior /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7232.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.Typescript. "This dissertation investigates the role of affective vs. deliberative information processing in the genesis and use of emotional reactions in decisions to provide financial aid to people in distress"--P. iv. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-175). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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Farano, Vincenzo. "An investigation into different phosphate glass processing routes and the role of phosphate glass in dental collagen-based scaffolds." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1192/document.
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This thesis concerns the development of a new series of Sr-doped phosphate-based glasses for biomedical applications. Such glasses in powder form are envisaged to have applications in novel composite restorations where the following is achievable: dentin cell-mediated bioremineralization, dental pulp regeneration and as carrier for therapeutics or antibacterial ions.The initial aim was to produce soluble porous phosphate glasses using the sol-gel method (phosphate-alkoxide based sol-gel process). Knowing the effect that the variation of Ca content has on the dissolution properties of the glass, a series of glasses where Ca was progressively increased at the expense of Na was produced. The structure of the prepared samples was probed by XRD, XRF and FTIR to confirm the successful synthesis of the target phosphate-based glass compositions. After that a promising methodology was established, attempts were made to replace Ca with Sr. Different Sr sources were used without success due to the difficulty to fully dissolve those precursors in the sol-gel mixture. Subsequently, the issue of the toxicity of some precursors and solvents used in the sol-gel procedure was recognised. To overcome this obstacle, efforts were made to replace the toxic precursor chemicals with safer ones. Nevertheless, due to the low solubility of some new precursors and the low reactivity of others, the sol-gel process did not proceed in a predictable and reproducible fashion. At this stage, the sol-gel route was put aside, and two alternative soft and water-based chemical approaches were experimented: the precipitation method and the coacervation process. The first one was found to be unsuitable for our needs for two main reasons: 1) the presence of Na in the composition generated a crystalline material (instead of a glassy amorphous one); 2) the Ca/P ratio of our composition fell in the range of crystalline phase by using this method. In addition, the yield was really low. The second method (coacervation process) was a complete success. The glassy nature of the materials obtained was proved by XRD and XRF and the surface features were tested by BET and SEM. The process was retained for a while as the preferred synthesis route and both the scale-up effect and the possibility to add Sr were analysed. The production scale of the material was increased by 5 times and different Sr sources were tested to find the best one. XRD and XRF analysis proved both the success of the scale-up and the incorporation of the Sr in glass compositionThis thesis concerns the development of a new series of Sr-doped phosphate-based glasses for biomedical applications. Such glasses in powder form are envisaged to have applications in novel composite restorations where the following is achievable: dentin cell-mediated bioremineralization, dental pulp regeneration and as carrier for therapeutics or antibacterial ions.The initial aim was to produce soluble porous phosphate glasses using the sol-gel method (phosphate-alkoxide based sol-gel process). Knowing the effect that the variation of Ca content has on the dissolution properties of the glass, a series of glasses where Ca was progressively increased at the expense of Na was produced. The structure of the prepared samples was probed by XRD, XRF and FTIR to confirm the successful synthesis of the target phosphate-based glass compositions. After that a promising methodology was established, attempts were made to replace Ca with Sr. Different Sr sources were used without success due to the difficulty to fully dissolve those precursors in the sol-gel mixture. Subsequently, the issue of the toxicity of some precursors and solvents used in the sol-gel procedure was recognised. To overcome this obstacle, efforts were made to replace the toxic precursor chemicals with safer ones. Nevertheless, due to the low solubility of some new precursors and the low reactivity of others, the sol-gel process did not proceed in a predictable and reproducible fashion. At this stage, the sol-gel route was put aside, and two alternative soft and water-based chemical approaches were experimented: the precipitation method and the coacervation process. The first one was found to be unsuitable for our needs for two main reasons: 1) the presence of Na in the composition generated a crystalline material (instead of a glassy amorphous one); 2) the Ca/P ratio of our composition fell in the range of crystalline phase by using this method. In addition, the yield was really low. The second method (coacervation process) was a complete success. The glassy nature of the materials obtained was proved by XRD and XRF and the surface features were tested by BET and SEM. The process was retained for a while as the preferred synthesis route and both the scale-up effect and the possibility to add Sr were analysed. The production scale of the material was increased by 5 times and different Sr sources were tested to find the best one. XRD and XRF analysis proved both the success of the scale-up and the incorporation of the Sr in glass composition
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Beleni, I. "Investigation of processing routes for the production of wires and tapes from bismuth-based high temperature superconducting (HTS) ceramic oxides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316834.
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Seemüller, Hans Christoph Maximilian [Verfasser], and M. [Akademischer Betreuer] Heilmaier. "Evaluation of Powder Metallurgical Processing Routes for Multi-Component Niobium Silicide-Based High-Temperature Alloys / Hans Christoph Maximilian Seemüller. Betreuer: M. Heilmaier." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1100529713/34.
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Seemüller, Hans Christoph Maximilian [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Heilmaier. "Evaluation of Powder Metallurgical Processing Routes for Multi-Component Niobium Silicide-Based High-Temperature Alloys / Hans Christoph Maximilian Seemüller. Betreuer: M. Heilmaier." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:90-544644.
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Bhattacharya, Avik. "Indexation des images satellitaires en utilisant des informations structurelles." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006275.
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Les propriétés des réseaux routiers varient considérablement d'un milieu géographique à l'autre. Elles peuvent donc être utilisées pour classer et rechercher de tels environnements. Dans ce travail, nous proposons de classer ces environnements à l'aide d'attributs géométriques et topologiques, calculés à partir des réseaux routiers. Les limites des méthodes d'extraction des routes en milieu urbain dense ont été contournées par la segmentation des zones urbaines et le calcul d'une seconde série d'attributs géométriques et topologiques calculés sur ces masques urbains. Les imagettes formant notre base de données proviennent d'images du satellite SPOT5 de résolution 5m et ont une taille de 512x512 pixels. L'ensemble des attributs géométriques et topologiques, calculés à partir des réseaux routiers et des masques urbains permettent de répartir les imagettes dans des classes géographiques prédéfinies. Afin de réduire la dimension des attributs qui peut nuire aux performances de la classication, un dispositif de sélection des attributs a été mis en place. Il repose sur une analyse linéaire discriminante de Fisher et une classication 'un contre tous' par séparateur à vastes marges (SVM). L'impact de la résolution spatiale et de la taille des images sur les différents attributs a été étudié sur une base de données constituée d'images à 10 m de résolution ainsi que sur une base de données à 5m de résolution pour des imagettes de taille de 256x256 pixels. L'approche a permis la classification complète d'images SPOT5 à partir des imagettes qu'elles contiennent. Dans ce cas, un SVM 'un contre tous' avec un noyau Gaussien, a été utilisé pour classer la scène dans son intégralité.
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Poulain, Vincent. "Fusion d'images optique et radar à haute résolution pour la mise à jour de bases de données cartographiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0093/document.
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Cette thèse se situe dans le cadre de l'interprétation d'images satellite à haute résolution, et concerne plus spécifiquement la mise à jour de bases de données cartographiques grâce à des images optique et radar à haute résolution. Cette étude présente une chaîne de traitement générique pour la création ou la mise à jour de bases de données représentant les routes ou les bâtiments en milieu urbain. En fonction des données disponibles, différents scénarios sont envisagés. Le traitement est effectué en deux étapes. D'abord nous cherchons les objets qui doivent être retirés de la base de données. La seconde étape consiste à rechercher dans les images de nouveaux objets à ajouter dans la base de données. Pour réaliser ces deux étapes, des descripteurs sont construits dans le but de caractériser les objets d'intérêt dans les images d'entrée. L'inclusion ou élimination des objets dans la base de données est basée sur un score obtenu après fusion des descripteurs dans le cadre de la théorie de Dempster-Shafer. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse illustrent l'intérêt d'une fusion multi-capteurs. De plus l'intégration aisée de nouveaux descripteurs permet à la chaîne d'être améliorable et adaptable à d'autres objetsThis work takes place in the framework of high resolution remote sensing image analysis. It focuses on the issue of cartographic database creation or updating with optical and SAR images. The goal of this work is to build a generic processing chain to update or create a cartographic database representing roads and buildings in built-up areas. According to available data, various scenarios are foreseen. The proposed processing chain is composed of two steps. First, if a database is available, the presence of each database object is checked in the images. The second step consist of looking for new objects that should be included in the database. To determine if an object should be present in the updated database, relevant features are extracted from images in the neighborhood of the considered object. Those features are based on caracteristics of roads and buildings in SAR and optical images. The object removal/inclusion in the DB is based on a score obtained by the fusion of features in the framework of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. Results highlight the interest of multi sensor fusion. Moreover the chosen framework allows the easy integration of new features in the processing chain
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Gergely, Vladimir. "Melt route processing for production of metallic foams." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248717.
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Kangastalo, R. (Rauno). "Performance engineering of route planning algorithms." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2014. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201311291937.
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The archipelago of Finland is especially difficult for a skipper. The huge amount of islands, islets, channels and shallow waters may be treacherous even for an experienced skipper. UpWind is a navigational software application intended especially for a sailboat skipper. It has been developed in the University of Oulu in a series of student projects, including the algorithms for the route planning.
Long-term algorithm calculates the route along the major channel system on a chart. Short-term algorithm calculates the set of laylines, both for starboard and board side of the sailboat, that shows the optimal route to sail in the current wind conditions. The data used in the route calculation is stored in a separate database on a separate machine. The data is either read to random access memory (long-term planning) or it is queried on runtime (short-term planning).
The algorithms have to run in a given time frame. They must not block the user interface nor cause delay in calculations that might lead to hazardous situations while sailing. Also, the resources on board are scarce, especially electricity. Even the smallest optimizations on electricity consumption have been considered important.
A literature study of the current methodologies used in evaluating software performance was carried out in order to find out if those methodologies or a combination of them could be utilised in evaluating the algorithms. The focus of algorithm evaluation was in finding out their time-complexity properties.
It turned out that most of the current performance engineering methods, like the methods based on queuing theory, do not serve very well to the evaluation of the algorithms. Those algorithms do not implement any queuing phenomena nor the current performance engineering methods scale down well to algorithm level. Most of the methods are aimed to aid in designing and evaluating of the performance in the early stage of the development. In UpWind application the algorithms have already been implemented. The algorithm analysis scales down very well to the implemented algorithms. Algorithm analysis together with running time measurements of the algorithms and their analysis were selected as the evaluation method.
The algorithm analysis results revealed that the growth-rate is either n or n2 for all algorithms and sub algorithms. The running times of the algorithms are thus fast and no bottlenecks were found in them.
The measurements and the analysis of the measurement results revealed one severe bottleneck in the short-term route planning algorithm. A major portion of the total calculation time is consumed by database queries when checking for obstacles in between the sailboat and the destination checkpoint. The measurements result analysis combined with the results of algorithm analysis of the long-term route planning showed that the calculation speed is sufficient for current size map. If there is intention to use bigger maps, it is suggested that the algorithm is moved to its own thread, or otherwise indicate the ongoing route calculation to the user.
The proposed improvement to the short-term planning is to fetch a larger amount of obstacle data on demand. This trapezoid area of obstacles is limited by the master turning points, boat position and destination checkpoint. An algorithm for checking the obstacle-free route calculation should be developed in future. It was suggested that the calculation should only be done when wind conditions change more than a given wind angle or the skipper gets too far from the selected short-term route. It was also suggested that only one of the sides of the short-term route should be calculated if the skipper starts to follow either route. A method and limits, for determing when the wind change or distance between boat and short-term route is enough to trigger a new calculation, should also be developed.
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Choi, Jean. "Route-learning strategies and spatial processing, a developmental perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59124.pdf.
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Ray, Sikha Arundhati. "A novel processing route for #beta#''-Alâ†2Oâ†3." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338393.
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Huber, Tim. "Processing of All Cellulose Composites via an Ionic Liquid Route." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7538.
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Newly developed all-cellulose composites (ACCs) can overcome the chemical incoherence between cellulose and other polymers by dissolution and regeneration of a portion of cellulose to create a chemically identical matrix phase. New “close to industry”-processing ways for ACCs were developed to create “thick” ACCs (>1 mm thickness) based on composite processes already used in the composite industry.
The ionic liquid (IL) 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate (BmimAc) is a strong solvent for both, native cellulose and cellulose II. The dissolution process is strongly depended on the temperature and viscosity of the IL-cellulose solution. Next to complete dissolution, rayon fibre can be dissolved partially to achieve the formation of a matrix phase in situ. The highly hydrophilic cellulose based materials show different amounts of shrinkage after composite processing when the coagulant necessary to regenerate the dissolved cellulose is removed by evaporative drying.
Multilayered, “thick” composite laminates could be produced by a simple hand-impregnation of rayon and linen textiles with the solvent and partial dissolution of the cellulosic textiles. A solvent infusion process (SIP) based on vacuum assisted resin infusion was successfully developed to process ACCs. The application of pressure during SIP is crucial to achieve good interlaminar adhesion. The SIP based laminates showed improved tensile strength and stiffness compared to the hand impregnation process.
An analysis of the processing parameters showed that the drying process used to remove the coagulant is important to achieve good fibre-matrix-bonding as harsh evaporative drying causes shrinkage induced cracks in the created matrix phase. Using ethanol as a coagulant instead of water reduced composite swelling and corresponding shrinkage, but leads to a strong reduction in crystallinity of the regenerated cellulose, as shown X-ray diffraction and solid state NMR measurements. Regeneration in distilled water, followed by drying at room temperature produced the best ACC laminate.
The SIP based laminates showed high flexural and impact strength compared to other biocomposites. The composites were also found to be easily compostable especially compared to a PLA-rayon composite.
The rayon fibre was processed on an ITA 3D rotary braiding machine, generally used for the processing of stronger and stiffer glass and carbon fibres. A rectangular profile was produced and analysed. The fibre strength and Young’s modulus were unaffected by the braiding process. The braid could be processed into an ACC by immersion in IL for 60 min at 100 °C. The so produced ACCs showed further improvements in tensile and impact strength due to improved through the thickness strength.
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Muthukumarasamy, Muthulakshmi. "Processor Microarchitecture for Implementation of Ephemeral State Processing within Network Routers." UKnowledge, 2003. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/142.
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The evolving concept of Ephemeral State Processing (ESP) is overviewed. ESP allows development of new scalable end-to-end network user services. An evolving macro-level language is being developed to support ESP at the network node level. Three approaches for implementing ESP services at network routers can be considered. One approach is to use the existing processing capability within commercially available network routers. Another approach is to add a small scale existing ASIC based general-purpose processor to an existing network router. This thesis research concentrates on a third approach of developing a special-purpose programmable Ephemeral State Processor (ESPR) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and implementing microarchitecture for deployment within each ESP-capable node to implement ESP service within that node. A unique architectural characteristic of the ESPR is its scalable and temporal Ephemeral State Store (ESS) associative memory, required by the ESP service for storage/retrieval of bounded (short) lifetime ephemeral (tag, value) pairs of application data. The ESPR will be implemented to Programmable Logic Device (PLD) technology within a network node. This offers advantages of reconfigurability, in-field upgrade capability and supports the evolving growth of ESP services. Correct functional and performance operation of the presented ESPR microarchitecture is validated via Hardware Description Language (HDL) post-implementation (virtual prototype) simulation testing. Suggestions of future research related to improving the performance of the ESPR rnicroarchitecture and experimental deployment of ESP are discussed.
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Taylor, Phil. "Investigations into a novel processing route for diamond at low pressure." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582142.
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Huadmai, Jerawala. "A novel processing route for the fabrication of porous magnesium biomaterials." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Engineering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6460.
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Metallic biomaterials continue to play an essential role to assist with the repair or replacement of natural bone that has become diseased or damaged. Metals have high mechanical strength making them better suited to load-bearing applications than polymeric and ceramic biomaterials [1]. At present, stainless steel, Co-Cr alloys and Ti alloys are three main metallic biomaterials used as bone prosthesis [2, 3]. Although these metals are, in monolithic form, biocompatible, fine debris particles and/or ions released over the lifetime of the implantation, coming into contact with the surrounding tissue appear to be not biocompatible. The abnormally high levels of metal ions and/or particles are believed to be associated with carcinogenic, toxic, inflammatory and allergic reactions eventually leading to the prosthesis aseptic loosening [4-10]. High mechanical stiffness of the three metals is also believed to associate with bone resorption – a situation where bone around the implant becomes thinner or more porous. The high stiffness metal, once implanted, changes the distribution of applied load in the adjacent bone [11, 12].
Recently, there have been interests in using magnesium and its alloy as a metallic biomaterial. Magnesium is a bioresorbable metal with an ability to enhance bone healing process [13, 14]. It also has lower stiffness making it more resemble to that of natural bone in terms of mechanical properties.
This work presented in this thesis involves an investigation a manufacturing route that is feasible and viable for producing Mg foam for tissue engineering and bone implant applications. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg foam is studied and tested then compared with natural human bone.
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高木, 邦子, and Kuniko Takagi. "否定的対人感情研究の諸相." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7537.
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Deaver, Guinevere J. "The Effects of Frequency on Dual-Route Versus Single-Route Processing of Morphologically Complex Terms: A Usage-Based Experiment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4282.
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With the availability of frequency dictionaries, such as Alameda and Cuetos (1995) or the Corpus del Español (2002), it is now possible to explore the effects of frequency on linguistic items. The following is a study exploring the effects of frequency on Spanish affixed words. While the debate of dual-route versus single-route processing continues, the results of this study suggest that L2 Spanish speakers use a dual-route model and decompose morphologically complex words when the base frequency is higher than the surface frequency. L2 Spanish speakers perceive derived words with a higher base frequency as more complex than derived words with a lower base frequency. The results of this study do not suggest the same process occurs for native Spanish speakers. When asked to identify the more complex word of a pair, native Spanish speakers are just as likely to select the derived word with a lower base frequency as they are to select the derived word with a higher base frequency suggesting a single-route model.
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Cilla, Marcelo Strozi. "Highly porous geopolymers: effect of the processing route on the reached properties." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/739.
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-10Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Os geopolímeros (polímeros inorgânicos) têm atraído a atenção da academia por várias razões, em particular pelo fato de ser considerado um material sustentável onde subprodutos industriais podem ser utilizados como matéria prima, além de um processo de baixo custo energético. Tais materiais encontram aplicações em todos os setores industriais, dependendo da razão atômica Si:Al, responsável por suas propriedades. Atualmente seu grande volume de aplicação está na substituição do cimento Portland. Entretanto, devido às suas propriedades similares aos materiais cerâmicos e a busca cada vez maior por novas aplicações, estudos sobre geopolímeros porosos tem despertado grande interesse da academia. Porém, as rotas usadas atualmente na obtenção dessa classe de materiais são baseadas nas da construção civil para a produção do concreto aerado, de porosidade fechada, limitando sua aplicação onde porosidade aberta é necessária. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de duas novas rotas de processamento (Gelcasting Route e Gelcasting/Saponification/Peroxide Combined Route), para a criação de uma nova classe de geopolímeros porosos com porosidade aberta. Em ambas as rotas foram adotadas a técnica de espumação direta para a produção de componentes cerâmicos, sendo que a maior diferença entre elas está na natureza química do agente porogênico. Na Gelcasting Route foram usados surfactantes comerciais, e na Gelcasting/Saponification/Peroxide Combined Route foi explorada a reação de saponificação de um triglicerídeo em meio alcalino para a geração in situ de surfactante. A partir das novas rotas foram produzidos geopolímeros altamente porosos, com microestrutura homogênea, células abertas e porosidade de até 85vol%, com propriedades físicas que sugerem sua utilização como substituto de baixo custo para produtos cerâmicos em aplicações tais como, suportes de catalisadores, filtração de gases quentes, adsorção e isolamento refratário de fornos.
The geopolymers (inorganic polymers) have attracted increasing attention from academia for several reasons, particularly because it is considered a sustainable material where industrial by-products can be used as raw material, and is based on a low energy cost process. Such materials find applications in virtually all industrial sectors, depending on the atomic ratio Si: Al, responsible for its properties. Currently the application of large volumes of geopolymers is focused on replacement of Portland cement. However, due to their similar properties to ceramic materials and the search ever greater of new applications, studies particularly on porous geopolymers has also attracted great interest from the academic community. But the processing routes currently used to obtain porous geopolymers are based on the routes applied in the civil construction for the production of aerated concrete with closed porosity, limiting its application where open porosity is required. Thus, this work had as objective the study and application of two new processing routes (Gelcasting Route and Gelcasting/Saponification/Peroxide Combined Route), to create a new class of porous geopolymers with predominantly open porosity. Both techniques consist of the adoption of the direct foaming technique used for the production of ceramic components, where the major difference between them is the chemical nature of the pore forming agent. For the "Gelcasting Route commercial surfactants were used, and for the Gelcasting/Saponification/Peroxide Combined Route was explored the saponification reaction of a triglyceride in an alkaline medium for the in situ generation of surfactant. With the adoption of the suggested routes highly porous geopolymers were produced with a homogeneous microstructure, and open cell porosity of up to about 85vol%, with physical properties that suggest they may be used as a low cost replacement to highly porous ceramics in applications such as catalyst supports, filtration of hot gases, adsorption and insulating refractory furnaces.
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Guiheneuf, Simon. "Formulation et renforts de blocs en matériau terre pour une utilisation structurelle." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAR0007.
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Dans le contexte actuel d’accélération du changement climatique et d’augmentation de la population mondiale, le milieu de la construction doit faire face à des enjeux cruciaux : diminuer son impact environnemental tout en construisant suffisamment de logements. Face à ces enjeux, le développement de matériaux de construction bio-sourcés et locaux apparait comme une nécessaire alternative écologique à la construction en béton de ciment à l’impact environnemental conséquent. Cette thèse vise à développer des blocs de terre crue reproductibles, aux caractéristiques mécaniques maitrisées pour construire des bâtiments de trois étages. Les terres, stabilisées à l’aide d’ajouts bio-sourcés et sans liants hydrauliques, utilisées pour fabriquer ces blocs doivent être excavées en Bretagne. Ainsi, trois terres représentatives de la variabilité des ressources à l’échelle locale sont d’abord caractérisées. Les comportements rhéologiques de formulations de ces terres avec différents ajouts sont ensuite appréhendés afin de les adapter à des modes de mise en oeuvre étudiés : moulage, extrusion, compaction et vibrocompaction. Les caractéristiques mécaniques à l’état sec et en service présentées par chaque formulation de terre sont ensuite étudiées pour chaque procédé de mise en oeuvre. Enfin des caractéristiques de durabilité de ces formulations de terres bretonnes sont étudiées : absorption capillaire, résistances à l’érosion et à l’immersion. Les résultats obtenus permettent d’envisager le développement à une échelle semi-industrielle la fabrication de blocs porteurs en terre crue aux impacts environnementaux les plus faibles possibleIn the actual context of accelerated climate change and increase in global population, the building industry must face crucial challenges: decrease its environmental impact while offering housing solutions for the humankind. To answer it, the development of new bio-based and local building materials appears to be a much-needed ecological alternative to cementitious materials that presents significant environmental footprint. This PhD work aims to develop earth-based blocks with guaranteed mechanical properties in order to build 3-storey buildings. These earths, stabilized using bio-based additions but without any cement or lime, are locally sourced. Therefore, three earths that represent the local variability of resources are first characterised. Then, the rheological behaviour of each type of earth mix is assessed in order to adapt earth mix-design to each studied forming process (compaction, vibro-compaction, casting and extrusion. Mechanical performances at the dry state and in-service life of each earth mix-design are measured for all studied processing routes. Finally, some durability properties of the Britanysourced earth-based materials are described: capillary absorption, erosion and immersion resistance. Obtained results show that produced blocks are as performant as cementstabilized earth materials and allow to consider the semi-industrial development of earth-based blocks fabrication units for structural purpose with limited environmental footprint
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Kolbeinsson, Ingólfur. "A Novel Processing Route for the Manufacture of Mg with Controlled Cellular Structure." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanichal Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4294.
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Cellular metals are a relatively new class of engineering materials that can be fabricated with either a random or controlled cellular structure. A controlled cellular structure allows the precise control of the pore geometry and hence subsequent material properties that can be important for some applications such as orthopathic implants. Recently the interest in using magnesium (Mg) as a biodegradable implant in the body has been growing rapidly. However, current methods for fabricating cellular magnesium typically results in a random arrangement of the cellular structure.
A novel processing method is developed for the preparation of cellular metals with controlled open-cellular architectures. In particular, this process has been developed for magnesium due to the difficulties associated with powder processing. The fabrication routine utilises a multistage inverse templating technique implemented with assistance of a rapid prototyping (RP) technique. Rapid prototyped polymer performs of desired architectures were infiltrated using a specially designed slurry of NaCl. Removal of the polymer resulted in an accurate negative NaCl template that could be infiltrated with liquid metal using low pressure die casting. Subsequently, the template material is removed, resulting in a controlled cellular structure within Mg.
Prior to metal infiltration, the compressive modulus, strength, grain growth and microstructure of the NaCl structure with and without sintering was examined using compression testing and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). For the EBSD analyses a new sample preparation technique for the micro porous samples had to be developed for use in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The NaCl and the cellular metal were evaluated using SEM and micro-computed tomography (µ-CT). Furthermore, the relationship between the original CAD model and the final NaCl pore morphology was investigated were the surfaces of the RP scaffold and the NaCl template were analysed and compared to the as-cast Mg.
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Weston, Nicholas. "A novel solid-state processing route to generate cost-effective titanium alloy components." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18419/.
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This thesis demonstrates progress towards a step-change in the economics of titanium. Titanium's properties make it desirable to designers, but it is frequently overlooked due to high costs; making research into reducing costs of considerable interest. Examining the literature shows cost reduction possibilities in two main areas; extraction and downstream processing. Lower-cost extraction has previously received much attention, but in isolation will not produce the required reductions. Powder metallurgy techniques allow near net shape (NNS) production with limited material wastage and processing steps; also allowing utilisation of powders/particulates produced by many developing extraction methods. Combining products from alternative extraction with novel solid-state downstream processing has potential to produce truly cost-effective titanium alloy components. Chapter 4 establishes field assisted sintering technology (FAST) as a rapid and effective method to fully consolidate commercial and developing titanium alloy powders, with a wide variety of chemistries, morphologies, and sizes, including material from the Metalysis FFC process. FAST scalability was successfully tested by producing a 5.5 kg, 250 mm diameter, specimen. Chapter 5 shows that titanium alloy preforms produced via FAST behave equivalently to conventionally processed melt, multi-step forged, products. The shapes and microstructures produced were not those typically required for components. Consequently, chapter 6 investigates the proposed cost-effective processing route of producing wrought microstructures in two steps from powder, which has been termed FAST-forge. A fully dense, microstructurally homogeneous, shaped preform billet formed via FAST was finished with a precision one-step forging operation that refined the microstructure, verifying the FAST-forge concept at laboratory-scale. It is anticipated with further development, and by utilising finite element modelling, that it will be possible to produce semi-complex NNS components with competitive mechanical properties in just two steps. Therefore, FAST-forge has potential to be disruptive technology that could enable the desired step-change in the economics of titanium.
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Chan, Yik-Kwan Eric, and 陳奕鈞. "Investigation of a router-based approach to defense against Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30173309.
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Le, Minh Hoa. "All-optical router with PPM header processing in high speed photonic packet switching networks." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2007. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/1086/.
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Rapidly growing internet traffic volume is the major driving force behind the development of optically-transparent and ultrahigh-capacity photonic packet-switching networks. In such networks, the packet routing decision at each router is made by sequentially correlating an incoming packet header address with addresses in all entries of the router's look-up routing table. The routing task is achieved in the optical domain using all-optical logic gates and optical correlator technologies which have been predominantly replacing the existing low-speed electronic processing devices. Nevertheless when a network is expanded, a larger routing table is required thus exponentially increasing header processing time, which results in the increases in routing latency and complexity. This research aims to significantly reduce the size of the routing table and the number of optical devices required in a router by mapping both the packet header address and the look-up routing table entries into the pulse-position-modulation format, where more than one address could be located in a single entry of a new pulse-position routing table. By simply carrying out a single correlation of the packet header address with pulse- position routing table entries, the router can instantly obtain the routing decision, thus significantly reducing the processing time and neglecting the gain recovery time in existing optical logic gates. The structure of the pulse-position routing table also offers flexibility in the transmission mode including unicast, multicast or broadcast embedded in the optical (physical) layer. In the thesis, a new router based on the pulse-position¬modulation scheme will be introduced. Essential router modules including high on-off contrast-ratio clock extraction, pulse position routing table, header processing and optical switch are proposed and analysed. In addition, the thesis investigates and improves the switching window profile and residual crosstalk performance of the all- optical Mach-Zelmder switches as a building block for the implementation of the above router modules. A number of new variants of Mach-Zehnder-based switches are also introduced to enhance switching inter-output contrast ratio and reduce the complexity in multiple-channel OTDM demultiplexing.
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Park, Jahng S. "Performance analysis of partitioned multistage cube network and adaptive routed single-stage cube network." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090453/.
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Lin, Edward Kin Wah. "MAC flow fairness in IEEE 802.11 based wireless mesh networks /." View abstract or full-text, 2010. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CSED%202010%20LIN.
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Muthuswamy, Sunil. "System implementation of a real-time, content based application router for a managed publish-subscribe system." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/S_Muthuswamy_080408.pdf.
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Lobley, Christopher Marcus. "Tape casting as a novel processing route for silicon carbide fibre-reinforced titanium metal matrix composites." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298249.
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Green, Michael Richard. "The design of microstructure and processing route for the manufacture of bainitic back up roll steels." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412707.
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Kerkar, Awdhoot Vasant. "Investigation of steric stabilization as a route for colloidal processing of silicon carbide/silicon nitride composites." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1059055054.
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Casadio, Alessandro. "Analisi delle linee di produzione e miglioramento dei processi aziendali: il caso ADS2 LTD." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Tirocinio di sei mesi svolto in una delle sedi inglesi del gruppo Celli, leader nel mondo del beverage industry. Dopo una riorganizzazione strutturale e una serie di acquisizioni nasceva la necessità di riorganizzare tutti i processi interni ed esterni al sito. Allo stesso momento si registrava la scelta di gruppo di implementare un nuovo sistema gestionale Dynamics 365. Il mio ruolo ha avuto il compito di rianalizzare tutte le linee di produzioni presenti al fine di controllare e estendere la base dati presente già presente sul sistema e di proseguire il lavoro di registrazione delle informazioni a supporto della pianificazione della produzione, con l'obiettivo ultimo di ottenere una base dati che permettesse di far girare l'MPR e generare di rimando informazioni più precise e realistiche. Con i dati ricavati nei primi mesi poi, nell'ultima parte del periodo ci si è dedicati a piccoli progetti di miglioramento sempre in orbita delle attività di produzione. In particolare si riportano le attività svolte per migliorare la registrazione dei materiali utilizzati e degli scarti da produzione, attività svolte finalizzate a migliorare l'efficienza nello specifico nelle attività di impacchettamento dei prodotti e, l'ultimo, una piccola analisi e determinazione degli standard di qualità per una specifica linea produttiva rivelatasi particolarmente critica nei mesi.
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Ibrahim, Ahmed Hamed. "Effect of material and processing parameters on the morphology of aluminium foams produced by the PM route." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976253623.
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Beeley, Nathan Robert Fox. "Development of a novel powder coated fibre pre-processing route for cost effective production of metal matrix composites." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399739.
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Mackie, Alexander J. "Spark Plasma Sintering as a powder processing route for pre-alloyed Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17 permanent magnets." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21654/.
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The ’rare earth crisis’ that occurred in 2011 ignited research into mitigating and replacing the dependence on these elements in Rare Earth Permanent Magnets (REPM) and their applications. It is the former that this body of work is based upon. A method of increasing the bulk resistivity of a REPM, Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)8.2 (henceforth referred to as Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17), through the addition of an electrically insulating material, CaF2, to form a rare earth composite permanent magnet is studied. The aim of increasing the bulk resistivity is to minimise the irreversible demagnetisation and performance losses that occur within REPMs due to circulating eddy currents during operation of high frequency applications, such as electric motors and drives. The project utilises an emerging sintering technology platform, Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS), to rapidly consolidate powders. The processing methodology for Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17 powders by the SPS technique has therefore been studied with the optimal processing parameters found for producing full dense specimens for study: 1050°C to 1100°C hold temperature, 100°C= min to 200°C= min heating rate, 51MPa hold pressure and 5 minute hold time. Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17 permanent magnets require a characteristic multi-stage heat treatment to precipitate a cellular nanostructure which enhances the coercivity of the permanent magnets. The optimal heat treatment for the full density SPS processed Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17 magnets has also been studied, with the following achieving the largest coercivities and energy products: 1. Homogenisation - 1170°C for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere. Cooled slowly in air to room temperature. 2. Ageing - 850°C for 8 hours (for largest coercivity) or 16 hours (for largest (BH)max) in argon atmosphere. 3. Slow cool (1°C=min) from 850°C to 400°C in argon atmosphere. Quench in oil to room temperature. This established processing route was then used to prototype isotropic Sm2(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)17 and CaF2 composite magnets and study the effect of the electrically insulating phase on the microstructure, and material and magnetic properties before and after heat treatment.
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Ho, Wai-hung, and 何尉紅. "Demand responsive transportation system for the disabled: route planning and scheduling with GIS." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259923.
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Alshaer, Mohammad. "An Efficient Framework for Processing and Analyzing Unstructured Text to Discover Delivery Delay and Optimization of Route Planning in Realtime." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1105/document.
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L'Internet des objets, ou IdO (en anglais Internet of Things, ou IoT) conduit à un changement de paradigme du secteur de la logistique. L'avènement de l'IoT a modifié l'écosystème de la gestion des services logistiques. Les fournisseurs de services logistiques utilisent aujourd'hui des technologies de capteurs telles que le GPS ou la télémétrie pour collecter des données en temps réel pendant la livraison. La collecte en temps réel des données permet aux fournisseurs de services de suivre et de gérer efficacement leur processus d'expédition. Le principal avantage de la collecte de données en temps réel est qu’il permet aux fournisseurs de services logistiques d’agir de manière proactive pour éviter des conséquences telles que des retards de livraison dus à des événements imprévus ou inconnus. De plus, les fournisseurs ont aujourd'hui tendance à utiliser des données provenant de sources externes telles que Twitter, Facebook et Waze, parce que ces sources fournissent des informations critiques sur des événements tels que le trafic, les accidents et les catastrophes naturelles. Les données provenant de ces sources externes enrichissent l'ensemble de données et apportent une valeur ajoutée à l'analyse. De plus, leur collecte en temps réel permet d’utiliser les données pour une analyse en temps réel et de prévenir des résultats inattendus (tels que le délai de livraison, par exemple) au moment de l’exécution. Cependant, les données collectées sont brutes et doivent être traitées pour une analyse efficace. La collecte et le traitement des données en temps réel constituent un énorme défi. La raison principale est que les données proviennent de sources hétérogènes avec une vitesse énorme. La grande vitesse et la variété des données entraînent des défis pour effectuer des opérations de traitement complexes telles que le nettoyage, le filtrage, le traitement de données incorrectes, etc. La diversité des données - structurées, semi-structurées et non structurées - favorise les défis dans le traitement des données à la fois en mode batch et en temps réel. Parce que, différentes techniques peuvent nécessiter des opérations sur différents types de données. Une structure technique permettant de traiter des données hétérogènes est très difficile et n'est pas disponible actuellement. En outre, l'exécution d'opérations de traitement de données en temps réel est très difficile ; des techniques efficaces sont nécessaires pour effectuer les opérations avec des données à haut débit, ce qui ne peut être fait en utilisant des systèmes d'information logistiques conventionnels. Par conséquent, pour exploiter le Big Data dans les processus de services logistiques, une solution efficace pour la collecte et le traitement des données en temps réel et en mode batch est essentielle. Dans cette thèse, nous avons développé et expérimenté deux méthodes pour le traitement des données: SANA et IBRIDIA. SANA est basée sur un classificateur multinomial Naïve Bayes, tandis qu'IBRIDIA s'appuie sur l'algorithme de classification hiérarchique (CLH) de Johnson, qui est une technologie hybride permettant la collecte et le traitement de données par lots et en temps réel. SANA est une solution de service qui traite les données non structurées. Cette méthode sert de système polyvalent pour extraire les événements pertinents, y compris le contexte (tel que le lieu, l'emplacement, l'heure, etc.). En outre, il peut être utilisé pour effectuer une analyse de texte sur les événements ciblés. IBRIDIA a été conçu pour traiter des données inconnues provenant de sources externes et les regrouper en temps réel afin d'acquérir une connaissance / compréhension des données permettant d'extraire des événements pouvant entraîner un retard de livraison. Selon nos expériences, ces deux approches montrent une capacité unique à traiter des données logistiquesInternet of Things (IoT) is leading to a paradigm shift within the logistics industry. The advent of IoT has been changing the logistics service management ecosystem. Logistics services providers today use sensor technologies such as GPS or telemetry to collect data in realtime while the delivery is in progress. The realtime collection of data enables the service providers to track and manage their shipment process efficiently. The key advantage of realtime data collection is that it enables logistics service providers to act proactively to prevent outcomes such as delivery delay caused by unexpected/unknown events. Furthermore, the providers today tend to use data stemming from external sources such as Twitter, Facebook, and Waze. Because, these sources provide critical information about events such as traffic, accidents, and natural disasters. Data from such external sources enrich the dataset and add value in analysis. Besides, collecting them in real-time provides an opportunity to use the data for on-the-fly analysis and prevent unexpected outcomes (e.g., such as delivery delay) at run-time. However, data are collected raw which needs to be processed for effective analysis. Collecting and processing data in real-time is an enormous challenge. The main reason is that data are stemming from heterogeneous sources with a huge speed. The high-speed and data variety fosters challenges to perform complex processing operations such as cleansing, filtering, handling incorrect data, etc. The variety of data – structured, semi-structured, and unstructured – promotes challenges in processing data both in batch-style and real-time. Different types of data may require performing operations in different techniques. A technical framework that enables the processing of heterogeneous data is heavily challenging and not currently available. In addition, performing data processing operations in real-time is heavily challenging; efficient techniques are required to carry out the operations with high-speed data, which cannot be done using conventional logistics information systems. Therefore, in order to exploit Big Data in logistics service processes, an efficient solution for collecting and processing data in both realtime and batch style is critically important. In this thesis, we developed and experimented with two data processing solutions: SANA and IBRIDIA. SANA is built on Multinomial Naïve Bayes classifier whereas IBRIDIA relies on Johnson's hierarchical clustering (HCL) algorithm which is hybrid technology that enables data collection and processing in batch style and realtime. SANA is a service-based solution which deals with unstructured data. It serves as a multi-purpose system to extract the relevant events including the context of the event (such as place, location, time, etc.). In addition, it can be used to perform text analysis over the targeted events. IBRIDIA was designed to process unknown data stemming from external sources and cluster them on-the-fly in order to gain knowledge/understanding of data which assists in extracting events that may lead to delivery delay. According to our experiments, both of these approaches show a unique ability to process logistics data. However, SANA is found more promising since the underlying technology (Naïve Bayes classifier) out-performed IBRIDIA from performance measuring perspectives. It is clearly said that SANA was meant to generate a graph knowledge from the events collected immediately in realtime without any need to wait, thus reaching maximum benefit from these events. Whereas, IBRIDIA has an important influence within the logistics domain for identifying the most influential category of events that are affecting the delivery. Unfortunately, in IBRIRDIA, we should wait for a minimum number of events to arrive and always we have a cold start. Due to the fact that we are interested in re-optimizing the route on the fly, we adopted SANA as our data processing framework
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Gerolemou, Rosie Victoria, and Dirk Roux. "The suitability of remote sensing for prioritising management of invasive plants in the Garden Route South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14300.
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Invasive tree species pose a huge problem in the Garden Route and are particularly damaging to aquatic ecosystems, including wetlands, riparian zones, lakes and estuaries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine priority areas for invasive tree species management, with a focus on aquatic ecosystems. This was achieved by using existing literature to identify priority species, based on their impact on aquatic ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services, and then testing the suitability of SPOT-6 and WorldView-3 multispectral data at detecting these focal species. The priority species identified were: Acacia cyclops (rooikrans), Acacia longifolia (long-leaved wattle), Acacia mearnsii (black wattle), Acacia melanoxylon (blackwood), Acacia saligna (Port Jackson willow), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red river gum), Pinus pinaster (cluster pine) and Pinus radiata (radiata pine). The Random Forest classifier on SPOT-6 data achieved an overall accuracy of 62.5% and this method was consequently deemed ineffective at separating invasive tree species from other tree species in the Garden Route. The overall accuracy of the WorldView-3 classifier was higher (78.9%) but the cost of the data limited the use of more images for the detection of the focal species throughout the Garden Route. Therefore, to identify priority areas for invasive tree management, criteria derived from existing literature were input into spatial conservation planning software. The analysis identified the: Saasveld section of the Garden Route National Park, the Wilderness Lakes, Knysna Forest, Knysna Estuary, Tsitsikamma Forest around Stormsriver and a disturbed area of fynbos southeast of Kareedouw as management priorities. Currently spatial conservation planning software proved to be cost-affordable and useful tool and is recommended for invasive tree management in the Garden Route.
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Han, Seon Yeong. "Shadowing effect on ad hoc network." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1422359.
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Makhdoom, Atif [Verfasser], Christoph J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Brabec, and Christoph J. [Gutachter] Brabec. "Low Temperature Processing Route of Silicon Nanoparticle Layers for Solar Cell Application / Atif Makhdoom ; Gutachter: Christoph J. Brabec ; Betreuer: Christoph J. Brabec." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169913245/34.
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Huet, Maxime. "Agglutination de globules rouges autologues par un réactif bispécifique pour le dosage de biomarqueurs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY098.
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La détection ou la quantification dans le sang de biomarqueurs peut apporter une précieuse information sur la santé humaine. Cette analyse peut être réalisée directement auprès du patient, on parle alors de POC (point-of-care). L’agglutination de globules rouges par un réactif bispécifique, ciblant d’une part un globule rouge et d’autre part le biomarqueur à doser ou détecter, est proposée comme principe de base d’un test POC autonome et quantitatif. L’automatisation du protocole d’agglutination en microfluidique, ainsi que la mesure optique de la cinétique de l’agglutination sont explorées selon trois questions. La première concerne la possibilité de produire de manière autonome et reproductible l’agglutination en microfluidique passive, c’est-à-dire sans apport d’énergie ni de matière autre que l’échantillon. Les deuxième et troisième questions concernent la mesure de la cinétique d’agglutination et l’existence d’un lien entre cette mesure et la concentration du biomarqueur. La formulation et l’embarquement du réactif se sont révélés indispensables pour effectuer une réaction d’agglutination de manière reproductible en microfluidique passive et répondre à la première question. Trois stratégies de mesure de l’agglutination basées sur les propriétés optiques des globules rouges ont été proposées. Deux d’entre elles ont pu être implémentées avec succès. La mesure cinétique de l’agglutination a été mise en place pour un modèle de typage sanguin et a permis la discrimination entre positif et négatif dans 100 % des cas d’agglutinations testés. L’effet de la concentration du biomarqueur sur la mesure de l’agglutination avec un réactif bispécifique a été démontré avec le modèle du biomarqueur D-dimère, répondant à la dernière question posée en début de thèseThe detection or quantification of biomarkers in the blood can provide valuable information on human health. An analysis directly performed at the patient bedside is called a Point-of-care test (POC). The agglutination of red blood cells by a bispecific reagent combining a biomarker binding part and an erythrocyte binding part is proposed as a basis for an autonomous and quantitative POC test. The integration and automation of the protocol in a microfluidic chip and the optical measurement of the kinetics of agglutination are investigated. The first question concerns the possibility of producing agglutination in passive microfluidic device that is to say without any energy nor any material supply other than the sample. The second and third questions respectively relate to the measurement of the kinetics of aggregation and the existence of a link between this measure and the concentration of the biomarker. The formulation and embedding of the reagents has proved essential to perform a reproducible agglutination reaction in passive microfluidics and thus answer the first question. Three measurement strategies based on the optical properties of the red blood cells have been proposed. Two of them have been successfully implemented. The kinetic measurement of agglutination has been performed for a blood typing model and allowed the discrimination between positive and negative agglutination reaction in 100 % of the experiments. The effect of biomarker concentration on the agglutination measurement has been demonstrated with the model of the biomarker D-dimer, answering the last question