Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Processus de Markovthéorie des files d'attente'
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Groenevelt, Robin. "Modèles stochastiques pour les réseaux ad hoc mobiles." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274901.
Full textBarbot, Nelly. "Files d'attente fluides en environnement markovien." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10094.
Full textRosenberg, Catherine. "Non-stationnarité dans les files d'attente markoviennes." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112242.
Full textThis thesis is divided into two distinct parts, each one concerning a different aspect of non-stationary in Markovian queueing systems. In the first part, we introduce two models of exponential queueing systems with non-stationary parameters which do not obey a certain independence assumption often made in Queueing Theory. A complete analysis is carried out (i. E. Explicit results, necessary and sufficient conditions for stability (via Jury's criteria), curves. ). This first part ends with a generalization of those two models. The first model is a queue (infinite or capacity limited with a resume level), whose arrival process is Poisson with a randomly changing arrival rate. The second model is a queue with randomly changing service rate. The second part deals with queueing systems whose service process (or arrival process, or both) takes its value from a finite set of general distributions (Fl,. . . ,FN). The passage from one distribution to another is governed by a extraneous Markov process which is assumed to be independent of the distributions. We study three distinct models, the first one corresponding to the one described above, the second is the "dual" of the first one for the arrival process and the third one is a generalization of the first one. These systems have already been studied by Yechiali, Naor and Neuts. In this second part, we deal with the particular case where the extraneous Markov process is quasi-decomposable (as defined by Courtois). We first show, formally, that these three models are quasi decomposable with the same parameter as for the extranecus Markov process. Finally, we give an approximate solution for the first model, using z-transforms. In the very important case of slow variations between the different service distributions, we compute the error due to the approximation and present performance curves
Moyal, Pascal. "Contributions à l'étude des files d'attente avec clients impatients." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001340.
Full textDantzer, Jean-François. "Stabilité des réseaux de files d'attente et limites fluides stochastiques." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERS0010.
Full textNaceur, Tesnim. "Systèmes de files d'attente stratégiques avec information contrôlée." Thesis, Avignon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AVIG0279.
Full textFaced to queuing systems, customers can make their strategic decisions in order to join or not these systems. An interesting new aspect has emerged and studied in recent years, which is about the impact of current queue-length information on strategic decisions of customers, on the equilibrium and the performance of the system. Customers are not necessarily homogeneous in their behavior and their access to the information, which implies different equilibrium and performances solutions.In some cases, service provider may have an interest to give to customers the system state information and withholding it to others in order to optimize certain objectives. In other cases, obtaining the information is mainly the choice of customers and therefore thay have to decide to inspect or to collect the information or not, according to their constrainsts and their wishes.The main motivation for this thesis is to study the impact of the queue length information on the strategic decisions of customers and to analyze the performance of such strategic queuing systems with controlled information. Our contributions allow to determine the equilibuim and optimize the performance of the systems according to the queue length information. Theoretical and analytical solutions have been proposed to solve the studied problems
Aguilar, Cornejo Manuel. "Contribution à la validation de systèmes de processus communiquant par files d'attente : analyse statique pour la réduction de files." Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPG0106.
Full textDao, Thi Thu Ha. "Les files et les réseaux zéro-automatiques." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077141.
Full textWe introduce and study a new model: Zero-automatic queues. First, we consider the discipline First In First Out. Roughly, 0-automatic queues are characterized by a special buffering mechanism evolving like a random walk on some infinite group or monoid. When considering the two simplest and extremal cases of 0-automatic queues, we recover the simple M/M/1 queue, and Gelenbe's G-queue with positive and negative customers. The salient result is that all stable 0-automatic queues have a product form stationary distribution and a Poisson output process. This is a crucial point to build a network of 0-automatic queues with product form stationary distribution. We consider two types of networks, with either a Jackson-like or a Kelly-like touting mechanism. In both cases, and under the stability condition, we prove that the stationary distribution of the buffer contents has a « product-form » and can be explicitly determined. Furthermore, the departure process out of the network is Poisson. Consider the 0-automatic queues with the service discipline Last In First Out, ail nice properties of the FIFO 0-automatic queues do not hold for the LIFO queue. However, it is intersting to compare these two types of queues
Choquet-Geniet, Annie. "Analyse et propriétés des processus communiquant par files fifo : réseaux à files à choix libre topologique et réseaux à files linéaires." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112248.
Full textEl, Merzouqi Saïd. "Stabilité et instabilité des réseaux de files d'attente stochastiques à plusieurs classes de clients." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUES044.
Full textArrar, Nawel Khadidja. "Problèmes de convergence, optimisation d'algorithmes et analyse stochastique de systèmes de files d'attente avec rappels." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010067.
Full textCharlot, François. "Systèmes de files d'attente : stabilité, récurrence, convergence en loi et intégrabilité." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES033.
Full textMassoulié, Laurent. "Stabilite, simulation et optimisation des systemes a evenements discrets." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112172.
Full textDube, Parijat. "Evaluation des performances des phénomènes de congestion dans les réseaux de communication." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5747.
Full textHarb, Ali. "Faisabilité. Méthodes non standard pour la stabilité des réseaux de files d'attente. GI/GI/q + G." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES075.
Full textChedom, Fotso Donatien. "Contributions a l’étude des processus de Markov à temps continu et applications aux théories des files d’attente et de la ruine." Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU3039.
Full textThis thesis deals with practical problems in the areas of queuing and risk that lead to Markov models whose exact or even asymptotic resolution is considerably difficult. We provide analytical solutions which use two approaches : the numeric (with two contributions to queueing theory) and the symbolic-numeric (with a contribution to queueing theory and a contribution to ruin theory)
Dao, Thi Thu Ha. "Les files et les reseaux zero-automatiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195119.
Full textLe resultat saillant est que toutes les files 0-automatiques ont une distribution stationnaire a forme produit et un processus de depart de Poisson. C'est un point crucial pour construire les reseaux a forme produit.
On considere deux modeles correspondant aux differents routages classiques: reseaux a la Jackson et reseaux a la Kelly. Dans les deux cas, on a montre que la distribution stationnaire est a forme produit et peut etre determinee explicitement. De plus, le processus de depart est Poisson.
Enfin, considerons les files 0-automatiques avec discipline de service Dernier Arrive Premier Servi. Dans ce cas, certaines proprietes restent vraies, mais pas toutes. On obtient des resultats interessants en comparant les zones de stabilite d'une meme file 0-automatique sous les discpilines Premier Arrive Premier Servi et Dernier Arrive Premier Servi.
Draief, Moez. "Grand réseaux aléatoires : Comportement asymptotique et points fixes." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077201.
Full textA cornerstone result in queueing theory due to Burke states that the departure process from a stationary M/M/1 queue is a Poisson process having the same intensity as the arrival process. I proved different extensions of this theorem to the single server queue and to the storage model. Furthermore, I looked at these models in tandem in the {\em transient régime}. I showed that these models are dual in a strong fashion. Indeed I proved that the equations governing the dynamics of both models (queue and store) are the same even though the interesting variables are different whether we are interested in the queueing model or in the storage model. I use this duality to give an elegant proof, using analogies with the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth algorithm, of the property of symmetry of both Systems. Moreover I explored the correlations between the laws of the services of successive customers belonging to the same busy period. Burke's theorem can be seen as a fixed point result the Poisson process is a fixed point for the queue with exponential service times. I explored fixed points for the single server queue and the storage model in the context of large deviations where the arrivals and the services are described by means of their rate functions
Regnault, Philippe. "Différents problèmes liés à l'estimation de l'entropie de Shannon d'une loi, d'un processus de Markov." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00673694.
Full textBen, Mamoun Mouad. "Encadrements stochastiques et évaluation de performances des réseaux." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS0012.
Full textAbu, Amsha Oula. "Application des méthodes de la comparaison stochastique pour l'analyse des disciplines fair queueing." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS0012.
Full textKloul, Leïla. "Méthodes d'évaluation des performances pour les réseaux ATM." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996VERS0001.
Full textCombes, Richard. "Mécanismes auto-organisants dans les réseaux sans fil." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066028.
Full textIn this thesis we study the design, modeling and performance evaluation of mechanisms which can manage wireless networks autonomously (self-organizing mechanisms). We recall the technological context, and the required mathematical tools are introduced concisely: queuing theory, point processes, information theory, stochastic approximation, Markov decisions processes and reinforcement learning. In the first part, we study opportunistic scheduling. We are interested in their performance evaluation and their use to perform coverage-capacity optimization. Physical layer phenomena such as channel fading, interference, receiver structure and practical modulation and coding schemes are taken into account. In the second part, an algorithm for automatic load balancing is presented. The dynamical arrivals and departures of users are taken into account. For stationary traffic, the convergence of the mechanism to the optimal configuration is shown using stochastic approximation theorems. For non-stationary traffic, numerical experiments suggest that the mechanism is able to adapt itself to daily traffic patterns. In the third part, we study relay-enhanced networks. Based on a queuing analysis, a simple formula for network dimensioning is given. It is valid for the most general traffic model (stationary ergodic input). The load balancing mechanism is extended to relay-enhanced networks. A dynamical load balancing algorithm based on reinforcement is studied
Peng, Jing. "Modèles de files d’attente pour l'analyse des stratégies de collaboration dans les systèmes de services." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC089/document.
Full textIn past twenty years, the service sector has emerged as the primary sector in the world economy, especially in developed countries. Competition and cooperation in service industries have become more and more popular in the context of economic globalization. How to operate the collaboration with a win-win agreement brings a fertile source of operations management issues in service science. In this thesis, we study collaborations between homogeneous service systems in terms of resource pooling strategies.In the first two parts, we investigate the cost-sharing problem among independent service providers with general service times and accounting for the customer abandonment. We model both the service provider and the cooperative coalition as single server queues, and specialize the capacity pooling strategies with the fixed and optimized service capacities.Finally, we address the service pooling problem in the multi-serverpooling setting to assess the quality of the "super-server" assumption.We numerically investigate the impact of service duration variability and customer abandonment on the pooling game. We compare between cost-sharing results of the two resource pooling concepts, with or without the "super-server" assumptions
Monteiro, Julian Geraldes. "Modeling and analysis of reliable peer-to-peer storage systems." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4038.
Full textThis thesis aims at providing tools to analyze and predict the performance of general large scale data storage systems. We use these tools to analyze the impact of different choices of system design on different performance metrics. For instance, the bandwidth consumption, the storage space overhead, and the probability of data loss should be as small as possible. Different techniques are studied and applied. First, we describe a simple Markov chain model that harnesses the dynamics of a storage system under the effects of peer failures and of data repair. Then we provide closed-form formulas that give good approximations of the model. These formulas allow us to understand the interactions between the system parameters. Indeed, a lazy repair mechanism is studied and we describe how to tune the system parameters to obtain an efficient utilization of bandwidth. We confirm by comparing to simulations that this model gives correct approximations of the system average behavior, but it does not capture its variations over time. We then propose a new stochastic model based on a fluid approximation that indeed captures the deviations around the mean behavior. These variations are most of the time neglected by previous works, despite being very important to correctly allocate the system resources. We additionally study several other aspects of a distributed storage system: we propose queuing models to calculate the repair time distribution under limited bandwidth scenarios; we discuss the trade-offs of a Hybrid coding (mixing erasure codes and replication); and finally we study the impact of different ways to distribute data fragments among peers, i. E. , placement strategies
Chaintreau, Augustin. "Processus d'interaction dans les réseaux de données." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066601.
Full textBarré, Chloé. "Physique statistique des phénomènes de blocage dans les flux particulaires." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066227/document.
Full textThis manuscript presents a study of blocking phenomenon in particulate streams flowing through anarrow channel. In particular, it examines situations in which blocking is controlled by the limitedcarrying capacity of the channel. It builds on a simple stochastic model, introduced by Gabrielli etal. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 170601, 2013), in which particles arrive randomly according to a Poissondistribution at the entrance of a one-dimensional channel with an intensity λ and, unless interrupted,exit after a transit time, τ. Blocking occurs instantaneously when N=2 particles are simultaneouslypresent in the channel. The quantities of interest include the probability that the channel is still openat time t (survival probability) and the flux and total number of exiting particles. The thesisexamines a number of generalizations including when more than two particles must be present toinduce blockage, N>2, a time dependent intensity, a finite blocking time, and multi-channelsystems. We obtain exact and approximate analytical results using tools such as the masterequations describing the evolution of the n-particle partial probabilities, large deviation theory andqueuing theory. The theoretical results are validated by comparison with the results of numericalsimulations. The final chapter of the thesis uses a different approach, namely a brownian dynamics simulation of a two dimensional system of soft particles subjected to an external driving and dragforces. The presence of an obstacle in the middle of the channel can cause irreversible orintermittent clogging depending on the system geometry, temperature and particle stiffness
Thompson, Guilherme. "Stochastic models for resource allocation in large distributed systems." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066539/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis investigates four problems in the context of Large Distributed Systems. This work is motivated by the questions arising with the expansion of Cloud Computing and related technologies. The present work investigates the efficiency of different resource allocation algorithms in this framework. The methods used involve a mathematical analysis of several stochastic models associated to these networks. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the subject in general, as well as a presentation of the main mathematical tools used throughout the subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 presents a congestion control mechanism in Video on Demand services delivering files encoded in various resolutions. We propose a policy under which the server delivers the video only at minimal bit rate when the occupancy rate of the server is above a certain threshold. The performance of the system under this policy is then evaluated based on both the rejection and degradation rates. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 explore problems related to cooperation schemes between data centres on the edge of the network. In the first setting, we analyse a policy in the context of multi-resource cloud services. In second case, requests that arrive at a congested data centre are forwarded to a neighbouring data centre with some given probability. In the third case, requests blocked at one data centre are forwarded systematically to another where a trunk reservation policy is introduced such that a redirected request is accepted only if there are a certain minimum number of free servers at this data centre
Larrañaga, Maialen. "Dynamic control of stochastic and fluid resource-sharing systems." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0075/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study the dynamic control of resource-sharing systems that arise in various domains: e.g. inventory management, healthcare and communication networks. We aim at efficiently allocating the available resources among competing projects according to a certain performance criteria. These type of problems have a stochastic nature and may be very complex to solve. We therefore focus on developing well-performing heuristics. In Part I, we consider the framework of Restless Bandit Problems, which is a general class of dynamic stochastic optimization problems. Relaxing the sample-path constraint in the optimization problem enables to define an index-based heuristic for the original constrained model, the so-called Whittle index policy. We derive a closed-form expression for the Whittle index as a function of the steady-state probabilities for the case in which bandits (projects) evolve in a birth-and-death fashion. This expression requires several technical conditions to be verified, and in addition, it can only be computed explicitly in specific cases. In the particular case of a multi-class abandonment queue, we further prove that the Whittle index policy is asymptotically optimal in the light-traffic and heavy-traffic regimes. In Part II, we derive heuristics by approximating the stochastic resource-sharing systems with deterministic fluid models. We first formulate a fluid version of the relaxed optimization problem introduced in Part I, and we develop a fluid index policy. The fluid index can always be computed explicitly and hence overcomes the technical issues that arise when calculating the Whittle index. We apply the Whittle index and the fluid index policies to several systems: e.g. power-aware server-farms, opportunistic scheduling in wireless systems, and make-to-stock problems with perishable items. We show numerically that both index policies are nearly optimal. Secondly, we study the optimal scheduling control for the fluid version of a multi-class abandonment queue. We derive the fluid optimal control when there are two classes of customers competing for a single resource. Based on the insights provided by this result we build a heuristic for the general multi-class setting. This heuristic shows near-optimal performance when applied to the original stochastic model for high workloads. In Part III, we further investigate the abandonment phenomena in the context of a content delivery problem. We characterize an optimal grouping policy so that requests, which are impatient, are efficiently transmitted in a multi-cast mode
Al, Hanbali Ahmad Altman Eitan Nain Philippe. "Évaluation des performances des réseaux sans-fil mobiles." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www-sop.inria.fr/dias/Theses/phd-218.pdf.
Full textArda, Yasemin. "Politiques d’approvisionnement dans les systèmes à plusieurs fournisseurs et optimisation des décisions dans les chaînes logistiques décentralisées." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000208/.
Full textAl, Hanbali Ahmad. "Évaluation des performances des réseaux sans-fil mobiles." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4058.
Full textThis thesis deals with the mobility impact on the performance of mobile ad hoc network (MANET). It contains two parts. The first part surveys the TCP protocol over MANET. The main conclusion is that mobility degrades the TCP performance. Since it induces frequent route failures and extended network partitions. These implications were the motivation in the second part to introduce and evaluate new transmission schemes that rely on the mobility to improve the capacity of MANET. More precisely, in the absence of a direct route between two nodes the rest of the nodes in the network can serve as the relay nodes. In the beginning, the focus was on the performance of the relay nodes (throughput and relay buffer size) using a detailed queueing analysis. One of the main results was that random mobility models that have uniform stationary distribution of nodes location achieve the lowest throughput of relaying. Next, in order to optimize the performance of the two-hop relay protocol, especially the delivery delay of packets, we evaluated the multicopy extension under the assumption that the lifetime of the packets is limited. The performance results (delivery delay, round trip time, consumed energy) were derived using the theory of absorbing Markov chains and the fluid approximations. These results were exploited to optimize the total energy consumed subject to a constraint on the delivery delay
Nya, Kamtchoum Narcisse. "Modèles multicellulaires pour les réseaux mobiles 4G." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS079.
Full textIn order to meet the ever-increasing need for bandwidth and to offer ever more services, wherever users are, cellular networks are rapidly evolving towards technologies characterized by an increasingly sophisticated radio interface. For example, while the deployment of 4G networks was just beginning, operators already planned the first updates to LTE-A solutions and 5G technologies are currently receiving active attention. These rapid changes are motivated by the explosion of mobile traffic, as shown by numerous studies and observations on current networks. Users equipped with smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices mainly generate this traffic. However most of models for cellular networks in literature do not take into account mobility of users. Authors who have tried to take into account users' mobility, propose models based on hypotheses like users moving with infinite speed. In this thesis we have developed analytical models for 4G and 5G cellular networks taking into account user mobility in a realistic way. The proposed models were designed to be simple and easy to solve, allowing users and networks performance to be evaluated almost instantaneously. Our first analysis and results where on the impact of mobility in dense LTE-A networks with small cells. We developed two models to access static users performance in small cell with mixed users (static and mobile users). The first model is based on Markov chains and the second one on Processor-Sharing queue. Our second analysis and results where on LTE/LTE-A macrocells with two coding zones and visited by mobile users. We proposed a model based on queuing theory to study the performance of mobile users in a LTE/LTE-A macrocell with different radio conditions over its coverage area. Then, we have then extended these models to the case of homogeneous cellular networks where cells are statistically identical. These models allowed us to show the positive impact of user mobility on performance in a cell or in a network. Moreover, we showed that this performance gain was not a monotonous function of user mobility, which is an important result showing the impact of hard handover implemented in LTE and LTE-A networks on performance. Finally, we turned our attention to heterogeneous networks with different type of cells and visited by users with different profiles (speed, amount of data to be transferred)
Gayon, Jean-Philippe. "Commande optimale de systèmes de production par anticipation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ECAP0957.
Full textDa, Silva Soares Ana. "Fluid queues: building upon the analogy with QBD processes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211053.
Full textDans cette thèse, nous explorons le lien entre les files fluides et les processus QBD, et nous appliquons des arguments utilisés en théorie des processus de renouvellement pour obtenir la distribution stationnaire de plusieurs modèles fluides.
Nous commençons par l'étude d'une file fluide avec un réservoir de taille infinie; nous déterminons sa distribution stationnaire, et nous présentons un algorithme permettant de calculer cette distribution de manière très efficace. Nous observons que la distribution stationnaire de la file fluide de capacité infinie est très semblable à celle d'un processus QBD avec une infinité de niveaux. Nous poursuivons la recherche des similarités entre les files fluides et les processus QBD, et nous étudions ensuite la distribution stationnaire d'une file fluide de capacité finie. Nous montrons que l'algorithme valable pour le cas du réservoir infini permet de calculer toutes les quantités importantes du modèle avec un réservoir fini.
Nous considérons ensuite des modèles fluides plus complexes, de capacité finie ou infinie, où le comportement du processus markovien des phases peut changer lorsque le niveau du réservoir atteint certaines valeurs seuils. Nous montrons que les méthodes développées pour des modèles classiques s'étendent de manière naturelle à ces modèles plus complexes.
Pour terminer, nous étudions les conditions nécessaires et suffisantes qui mènent à l'indépendance du niveau et de la phase d'une file fluide de capacité infinie en régime stationnaire. Ces résultats s'appuient sur des résultats semblables concernant des processus QBD.
Markov modulated fluid queues are two-dimensional Markov processes, of which the first component, called the level, represents the content of a buffer or reservoir and takes real values; the second component, called the phase, is the state of a Markov process which controls the evolution of the level in the following manner: the level varies linearly at a rate which depends on the phase and which can take any real value.
In this thesis, we explore the link between fluid queues and Quasi Birth-and-Death (QBD) processes, and we apply Markov renewal techniques in order to derive the stationary distribution of various fluid models.
To begin with, we study a fluid queue with an infinite capacity buffer; we determine its stationary distribution and we present an algorithm which performs very efficiently in the determination of this distribution. We observe that the equilibrium distribution of the fluid queue is very similar to that of a QBD process with infinitely many levels. We further exploit the similarity between the two processes, and we determine the stationary distribution of a finite capacity fluid queue. We show that the algorithm available in the infinite case allows for the computation of all the important quantities entering in the expression of this distribution.
We then consider more complex models, of either finite or infinite capacities, in which the behaviour ff the phase process may change whenever the buffer is empty or full, or when it reaches certain thresholds. We show that the techniques that we develop for the simpler models can be extended quite naturally in this context.
Finally, we study the necessary and sufficient conditions that lead to the independence between the level and the phase of an infinite capacity fluid queue in the stationary regime. These results are based on similar developments for QBD processes.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation mathématiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Smaili, Khaled. "Modélisation et optimisation des performances de systèmes de production." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30203.
Full textPolitaki, Dimitra. "Vers la modélisation de clusters de centres de données vertes." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4116.
Full textData center clusters energy consumption is rapidly increasing making them the fastest-growing consumers of electricity worldwide. Renewable electricity sources and especially solar energy as a clean and abundant energy can be used, in many locations, to cover their electricity needs and make them "green" namely fed by photovoltaics. This potential can be explored by predicting solar irradiance and assessing the capacity provision for data center clusters. In this thesis we develop stochastic models for solar energy; one at the surface of the Earth and a second one which models the photovoltaic output current. We then compare them to the state of the art on-off model and validate them against real data. We conclude that the solar irradiance model can better capture the multiscales correlations and is suitable for small scale cases. We then propose a new job life-cycle of a complex and real cluster system and a model for data center clusters that supports batch job submissions and cons iders both impatient and persistent customer behavior. To understand the essential computer cluster characteristics, we analyze in detail two different workload type traces; the first one is the published complex Google trace and the second, simpler one, which serves scientific purposes, is from the Nef cluster located at the research center Inria Sophia Antipolis. We then implement the marmoteCore-Q, a tool for the simulation of a family of queueing models based on our multi-server model for data center clusters with abandonments and resubmissions
Excoffier, Mathilde. "Chance-Constrained Programming Approaches for Staffing and Shift-Scheduling Problems with Uncertain Forecasts : application to Call Centers." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112244/document.
Full textThe staffing and shift-scheduling problems in call centers consist in deciding how many agents handling the calls should be assigned to work during a given period in order to reach the required Quality of Service and minimize the costs. These problems are subject to a growing interest, both for their interesting theoritical formulation and their possible applicative effects. This thesis aims at proposing chance-constrained approaches considering uncertainty on demand forecasts.First, this thesis proposes a model solving the problems in one step through a joint chance-constrained stochastic program, providing a cost-reducing solution. A continuous-based approach leading to an easily-tractable optimization program is formulated with random variables following continuous distributions, a new continuous relation between arrival rates and theoritical real agent numbers and constraint linearizations. The global risk level is dynamically shared among the periods during the optimization process, providing reduced-cost solution. The resulting solutions respect the targeted risk level while reducing the cost compared to other approaches.Moreover, this model is extended so that it provides a better representation of real situations. First, the queuing system model is improved and consider the limited patience of customers. Second, another formulation of uncertainty is proposed so that the period correlation is considered.Finally, another uncertainty representation is proposed. The distributionally robust approach provides a formulation while assuming that the correct probability distribution is unknown and belongs to a set of possible distributions defined by given mean and variance. The problem is formulated with a joint chance constraint. The risk at each period is a decision variable to be optimized. A deterministic equivalent problem is proposed. An easily-tractable mixed-integer linear formulation is obtained through piecewise linearizations
Ibrahim, Rita. "Utilisation des communications Device-to-Device pour améliorer l'efficacité des réseaux cellulaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC002/document.
Full textThis thesis considers Device-to-Device (D2D) communications as a promising technique for enhancing future cellular networks. Modeling, evaluating and optimizing D2D features are the fundamental goals of this thesis and are mainly achieved using the following mathematical tools: queuing theory, Lyapunov optimization and Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP). The findings of this study are presented in three parts. In the first part, we investigate a D2D mode selection scheme. We derive the queuing stability regions of both scenarios: pure cellular networks and D2D-enabled cellular networks. Comparing both scenarios leads us to elaborate a D2D vs cellular mode selection design that improves the capacity of the network. In the second part, we develop a D2D resource allocation algorithm. We observe that D2D users are able to estimate their local Channel State Information (CSI), however the base station needs some signaling exchange to acquire this information. Based on the D2D users' knowledge of their local CSI, we provide an energy efficient resource allocation framework that shows how distributed scheduling outperforms centralized one. In the distributed approach, collisions may occur between the different CSI reporting; thus, we propose a collision reduction algorithm. Moreover, we give a detailed description on how both centralized and distributed algorithms can be implemented in practice. In the third part, we propose a mobile relay selection policy in a D2D relay-aided network. Relays' mobility appears as a crucial challenge for defining the strategy of selecting the optimal D2D relays. The problem is formulated as a constrained POMDP which captures the dynamism of the relays and aims to find the optimal relay selection policy that maximizes the performance of the network under cost constraints
Da, Silva Veith Alexandre. "Quality of Service Aware Mechanisms for (Re)Configuring Data Stream Processing Applications on Highly Distributed Infrastructure." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEN050/document.
Full textA large part of this big data is most valuable when analysed quickly, as it is generated. Under several emerging application scenarios, such as in smart cities, operational monitoring of large infrastructure, and Internet of Things (IoT), continuous data streams must be processed under very short delays. In multiple domains, there is a need for processing data streams to detect patterns, identify failures, and gain insights. Data is often gathered and analysed by Data Stream Processing Engines (DSPEs).A DSPE commonly structures an application as a directed graph or dataflow. A dataflow has one or multiple sources (i.e., gateways or actuators); operators that perform transformations on the data (e.g., filtering); and sinks (i.e., queries that consume or store the data). Most complex operator transformations store information about previously received data as new data is streamed in. Also, a dataflow has stateless operators that consider only the current data. Traditionally, Data Stream Processing (DSP) applications were conceived to run in clusters of homogeneous resources or on the cloud. In a cloud deployment, the whole application is placed on a single cloud provider to benefit from virtually unlimited resources. This approach allows for elastic DSP applications with the ability to allocate additional resources or release idle capacity on demand during runtime to match the application requirements.We introduce a set of strategies to place operators onto cloud and edge while considering characteristics of resources and meeting the requirements of applications. In particular, we first decompose the application graph by identifying behaviours such as forks and joins, and then dynamically split the dataflow graph across edge and cloud. Comprehensive simulations and a real testbed considering multiple application settings demonstrate that our approach can improve the end-to-end latency in over 50% and even other QoS metrics. The solution search space for operator reassignment can be enormous depending on the number of operators, streams, resources and network links. Moreover, it is important to minimise the cost of migration while improving latency. Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) have been used to tackle problems with large search spaces and states, performing at human-level or better in games such as Go. We model the application reconfiguration problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and investigate the use of RL and MCTS algorithms to devise reconfiguring plans that improve QoS metrics
Georgiadis, Stylianos. "Estimation des systèmes semi-markoviens à temps discret avec applications." Thesis, Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2112/document.
Full textThe present work concerns the estimation of a discrete-time system whose evolution is governed by a semi-Markov chain (SMC) with finitely many states. We present the invariance principle in a multidimensional form for the semi-Markov kernel (SMK) and some associated measures of the process. Afterwards, we study the nonparametric estimation of the stationary distribution of the SMC, considering two different estimators, and we prove that they hold the same asymptotic behavior. We introduce also the first hitting probability. We propose an estimator and study its asymptotic properties : the strong consistency and the asymptotic normality. On the other hand, we focus on the study of the dependability of semi-Markovsystems. We introduce the interval reliability whose special cases are the reliability and the availability measures and we study the asymptotic properties of a proposed estimator. Moreover, we present a comparison of nonparametric estimation for various reliability measures based on two estimators of the SMK, realizing a unique trajectory and multiple independent observations.Furthermore, this work provides results on the discrete-time semi-Markov case with general state space. We evaluate the average and diffusion approximation of Markov renewal chains. Finally, we are also interested in another class of processes for which we obtain results in the framework of queueing systems. We establish the average approximationfor the Engset model in continuous time and we apply this result to retrial queues
Ait, Salaht Farah. "Chaînes de Markov Incomplètement spécifiées : analyse par comparaison stochastique et application à l'évaluation de performance des réseaux." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS0018.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the uncertainty in probabilistic models, how it impacts their analysis and how to apply these methods to performance analysis and network dimensioning. We consider two aspects of the uncertainty. The first consists to study a partially specified Markov chains. The missing of some transitions in the exact system because of its complexity can be solved by constructing bounding systems where worst-case transitions are defined to obtain an upper or a lower bound on the performance measures. We propose to develop new algorithms which give element-wise bounds of the steady-state distribution for the partially specified Markov chain. These algorithms are faster than the existing ones and allow us to compute element-wise bounds at each iteration.The second aspect studied concerns the problem of the measurements of real traffic trace in networks. Exact analysis of queueing networks under real traffic becomes quickly intractable due to the state explosion. Assuming the stationarity of flows, we propose to apply the stochastic comparison method to derive performance measure bounds under histogram-based traffics. We apply an algorithm based on dynamic programming to derive optimal bounding traffic histograms on reduced state spaces. Using the stochastic bound histograms and the monotonicity of the networking elements, we show how we can obtain, in a very efficient manner, guarantees on performance measures. We indeed obtain stochastic upper and lower bounds on buffer occupancy, losses, etc. The interest and the impact of our method are shown on various applications: elements of networks, AQM, queueing networks and queue with non-stationary arrival process
Alfonso, Lizarazo Edgar. "Optimization of blood collection systems : Balancing service quality given to the donor and the efficiency in the collection planning." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0698/document.
Full textActivity reports of the French Blood Establishment (EFS) indicate a growing demand for Labile Blood Products (LBP) as red blood cells (RBC), platelets and plasma. To ensure the vital demand of labile blood products (LBP), it’s essential to optimize the logistics related with the collection of blood components. To deal with this situation, the EFS Auvergne-Loire carry out a reflection in order to use more efficiently the collection devices in fixed and mobile sites, to improve the quality of service offered to the donor and the efficiency of human resources. In this context we have developed in this thesis operational tools for (i) modeling of blood collection devices (ii) The regulation of flows donors (iii) Planning of bloodmobile collections.The method analysis of collection devices is based on techniques of discrete event simulation. A preliminary modeling of donors’ flow in fixed and mobile collection systems using Petri nets was conducted. For the regulation of flow of donors, i.e. the optimal capacity planning and appointment scheduling of blood collections, two approaches were considered: (a) Simulation based-optimization.(b) Mathematical Programming: Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) based on queuing networks and mathematical programming representation of discrete event systems. For planning of bloodmobile collections. Two models have been developed: (a) At the tactical level: Mixed integer linear programming (MIP) to determine the weeks in which the mobile collection must be organized in order to ensure the regional self-sufficiency of RBC. (b) At the operational level: Mixed integer linear programming (MIP) for the planning of human resources in charge of blood collections
Beguin, Maryse Y. "Modèles markoviens de transfert de charge dans les réseaux informatiques." Phd thesis, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004914.
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