Academic literature on the topic 'Producer association'
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Journal articles on the topic "Producer association"
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Graham, Gary W., P. Charles Goebel, Randall B. Heiligmann, and Matthew S. Bumgardner. "Influence of Demographic Characteristics on Production Practices within the Ohio Maple Syrup Industry." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 24, no. 4 (2007): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/24.4.290.
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Abstract Maple syrup production contributes approximately $5 million annually to Ohio's economy and provides supplemental nontimber forest product income for forestland owners. To better understand the factors that influence this important nontimber forest industry in Ohio, including producer heritage, producer age, sap collection methods, size of maple operation, and educational programming, we conducted a detailed survey of all known Ohio maple syrup producers (761 total producers). Over 80% of producers responded to the survey (620 respondents), making our analysis one of the most extensive of a maple industry in North America. In general, most maple operations in Ohio are part-time, family-based enterprises and over 25% of Ohio's maple producers are of Amish heritage. Although we estimate that there are over 400,000 taps in the state, the typical sugarbush is relatively small—the average sugarbush is 27 ac in size and over a third of the operations have fewer than 100 taps. Chi-square analyses did reveal several significant (α = 0.05) associations among producer characteristics. Although Amish producers were significantly younger and had significantly larger operations than their English or non-Amish counterparts (P < 0.001), a higher proportion of English producers reported using tubing collection systems than Amish producers (P = 0.031). Additionally, while larger maple operations tended to use tubing systems more frequently (P < 0.001), we did not detect a significant association between sap collection method (bucket versus tubing) and producer age (P = 0.169). Finally, English producers tend to be older. Older producers (>53 years old), producers using tubing collection systems, and producers with more than 250 taps were significantly more likely to participate in Ohio State University (OSU) Extension educational programming (P ≤ 0.05). These results suggest significant relationships among producer demographics and the characteristics of maple operations in Ohio, and future OSU educational programming should be tailored to reflect these important relationships.
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Ahuja, Vasudha, Katsuyuki Miura, Abhishek Vishnu, et al. "Significant inverse association of equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification but not dietary isoflavones in healthy Japanese men." British Journal of Nutrition 117, no. 2 (2017): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451600458x.
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AbstractEquol, a metabolite of the dietary isoflavone daidzein, is produced by the action of gut bacteria in some individuals who are termed as equol-producers. It is proposed to have stronger atheroprotective properties than dietary isoflavones. We examined a cross-sectional association of dietary isoflavones and equol-producer status with coronary artery calcification (CAC), a biomarker of coronary atherosclerosis, among men in Japan. A population-based sample of 272 Japanese men aged 40–49 years recruited from 2004 to 2007 was examined for serum isoflavones, serum equol, CAC and other factors. Equol-producers were classified as individuals having a serum level of equol >83 nm. The presence of CAC was defined as a coronary Ca score ≥10 Agatston units. The associations of dietary isoflavones and equol-producers with CAC were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The median of dietary isoflavones, equol and CAC were 512·7 (interquartile range (IQR) 194·1, 1170·0), 9·1 (IQR 0·10, 33·1) and 0·0 (IQR 0·0, 1·0) nm, respectively. Prevalence of CAC and equol-producers was 9·6 and 16·0 %, respectively. Dietary isoflavones were not significantly associated with CAC. After multivariable adjustment, the OR for the presence of CAC in equol-producers compared with equol non-producers was 0·10 (95 % CI 0·01, 0·90, P<0·04). Equol-producers had significantly lower CAC than equol non-producers, but there was no significant association between dietary isoflavones and CAC, suggesting that equol may be a key factor for atheroprotective properties of isoflavones in Japanese men. This finding must be confirmed in larger studies or clinical trials of equol that is now available as a dietary supplement.
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Jetz, Walter, Holger Kreft, Gerardo Ceballos, and Jens Mutke. "Global associations between terrestrial producer and vertebrate consumer diversity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1655 (2008): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1005.
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In both ecology and conservation, often a strong positive association is assumed between the diversity of plants as primary producers and that of animals, specifically primary consumers. Such a relationship has been observed at small spatial scales, and a begetting of diversity by diversity is expected under various scenarios of co-evolution and co-adaptation. But positive producer–consumer richness relationships may also arise from similar associations with past opportunities for diversification or contemporary environmental conditions, or from emerging properties of plant diversity such as vegetation complexity or productivity. Here we assess whether the producer–consumer richness relationship generalizes from plot to regional scale and provide a first global test of its strength for vascular plants and endothermic vertebrates. We find strong positive richness associations, but only limited congruence of the most diverse regions. The richness of both primary and higher-level consumers increases with plant richness at similar strength and rate. Environmental conditions emerge as much stronger predictors of consumer richness, and after accounting for environmental differences little variation is explained by plant diversity. We conclude that biotic interactions and strong local associations between plants and consumers only relatively weakly scale up to broad geographical scales and to functionally diverse taxa, for which environmental constraints on richness dominate.
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Ngome Chisika, Sylvester, and Chunho Yeom. "The Key Factors Affecting Tree Producer Associations Involved in Private Commercial Forestry in Kenya." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (2020): 4013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104013.
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Formal tree producer associations are critical for the sustainable management of private commercial farm forests in Kenya. However, there is limited information on their current status and the key factors driving their operations in the country. This paper sought to address this informational gap by reviewing the existing literature in the country from the theoretical background of sustainable development and later validating the obtained findings with the current state of knowledge at regional and global levels. Results from document content analysis indicate that there are over 10,000 tree growing farmers organized into planting groups across the country after many years of piloting by the government and private sector players. At the national level, there are two associations. These include Kenya Forest Growers Association (KEFGA), mainly composed of large scale planters, and Farm Forestry Smallholder Producers Association of Kenya (FFSPAK), targeting small-holders. Besides these two, six major sub-national associations are seeking to improve members' welfare by enhancing the acquisition of livelihood assets. Further, various socio-cultural, economic, and political factors affect their operations in Kenya. These associations have deployed multiple strategies to benefit their members. However, the formation of savings and credit cooperative societies (SACCOs) seems to be their preferred mode of community empowerment. In conclusion, even though these associations are still at the infancy stage, their future remains promising in-view of the observed behavioral change in their governance, which appears to favor entrenched equality and equity towards sustainable development.
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Iino, Chikara, Tadashi Shimoyama, Kaori Iino, et al. "Daidzein Intake Is Associated with Equol Producing Status through an Increase in the Intestinal Bacteria Responsible for Equol Production." Nutrients 11, no. 2 (2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020433.
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Equol is a metabolite of isoflavone daidzein and has an affinity to estrogen receptors. Although equol is produced by intestinal bacteria, the association between the status of equol production and the gut microbiota has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to compare the intestinal bacteria responsible for equol production in gut microbiota between equol producer and non-producer subjects regarding the intake of daidzein. A total of 1044 adult subjects who participated in a health survey in Hirosaki city were examined. The concentration of equol in urine was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The relative abundances of 8 bacterial species responsible for equol production in the gut microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA amplification. There were 458 subjects identified as equol producers. The proportion of equol production status and the intake of daidzein increased with age. Daily intake of daidzein was larger in equol-producer. The intestinal bacteria, which convert daidzein to equol were present in both equol producers and non-producers. However, the relative abundance and the prevalence of Asaccharobacter celatus and Slackia isoflavoniconvertens were significantly higher in equol producers than those in equol non-producers. The intestinal bacteria that convert daidzein to equol are present in not only the equol producers but also in the non-producers. The daidzein intake is associated with the equol production status through an increase of A. celatus and S. isoflavoniconvertens in the gut microbiota.
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Noss, Erika H., Hung N. Nguyen, Sook Kyung Chang, Gerald F. M. Watts, and Michael B. Brenner. "Genetic polymorphism directs IL-6 expression in fibroblasts but not selected other cell types." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 48 (2015): 14948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520861112.
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Interleukin (IL)-6 blockade is an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and synovial fibroblasts are a major IL-6 producer in the inflamed joint. We found that human RA and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial fibroblasts derived from independent donors reproducibly segregated into low, medium, and high IL-6 producers, independent of stimulus, cell passage, or disease state. IL-6 expression pattern correlated strongly with total mRNA expression, not mRNA stability, suggesting transcriptional rather than posttranscriptional regulation. High-fibroblast IL-6 expression was significantly associated with the IL-6 proximal promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800795 minor allele (CC) genotype. In contrast, no association between this SNP and IL-6 production was detected in CD14+ monocytes, another major producer of synovial IL-6. Luciferase expression assays confirmed that this SNP was associated with differential IL-6 expression in fibroblasts. To date, several association studies examining rs1800795 allele frequency and disease risk have reported seemingly conflicting results ranging from no association to association with either the major or minor allele across a spectrum of conditions, including cancer and autoimmune, cardiovascular, infectious, and metabolic diseases. This study points to a prominent contribution from promoter genetic variation in fibroblast IL-6 regulation, but not in other IL-6–producing cell types. We propose that some of the heterogeneity in these clinical studies likely reflects the cellular source of IL-6 in specific diseases, much of which may be produced by nonhematopoietic cells. These results highlight that functional analysis of disease-associated SNPs on gene expression and pathologic processes must consider variation in diverse cell types.
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Quarmine, William. "Predicting Ghanaian farmers’ intention to sustain the supply of quality cocoa beans." Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management 2, no. 3 (2018): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26796/jenrm.v2i3.50.
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This article discusses the predictors of Ghanaian cocoa producers’ intention to continue adopting a recommended cocoa beanfermentation technology in the future. The analyses is carried out within the framework of the theory of planned behaviour.Three hundred and twenty-one cocoa producers were interviewed. Consistent with literature, attitudes, subjective norms andpast behaviour were significant predictors of fermentation intentions. Positive attitude relate to beliefs about ease of use oftechnologies and existence of non-financial rewards. Negative attitudes relate to lack of direct financial rewards. PurchasingClerks, Chief Farmers and society at large were found to be the salient social referents who shape producers’ fermentationintentions. Recommendations included improving implementation of current producer incentive regimes, promoting trust betweenproducers and purchasing clerks and strengthening producer association to increase the sphere of influence of the Chief Farmers.
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Sotimirin, Olatunji Samson. "The producer-artistic business relationship: a major concern for the survival of theatre practice in Nigeria." EJOTMAS: Ekpoma Journal of Theatre and Media Arts 7, no. 1-2 (2020): 422–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejotmas.v7i1-2.28.
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This paper evaluates some of the perennial problems identified by scholars, writers and theatre practitioners as the bane of the growth and survival of theatre practice in Nigeria. These are inadequate funding, non-availability of befitting venues, economic and social insecurity, training and professionalism, orientation of the public sector, technological development, and so on. The central argument, however, is the issue of the business relationship between the producer and the professional theatre artiste. The paper contends that there are many issues concerning the artiste working and struggling to get paid, and artiste being exploited by producers without respectable reward. Consequently, in order to conquer these exploitative tendencies and lack of trust on the part of the producer, the paper submits that it is imperative that the artiste puts his/her professional relationship with the producer on a sound legal footing. This involves not only engaging the use of contracts constricted in agreement with good professional conventions, but also considering the need for the formation of recognized monitoring structures that will be responsible for guiding the actions and behaviour of practitioners. This ought to be done with a governmental support safeguarding the various theatre Associations and guilds as it is the case with other established Associations such as the Institute of Chartered Accountants, Society of Engineers, Nigerian Medical Association and so on. Thus, the method applied to this study is a self-report personality approach where the artistic business of the theatre is evaluated. The paper concludes that although some of the problems highlighted still exist, the situation is gradually improving, especially in terms of the availability of enough befitting venues and regularity of theatre shows at these venues.
 Keywords: Artistic, Nigeria, Theatre practitioners, Producer-artistic business relationship
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Parker Gaddis, K. L., J. H. Megonigal, J. S. Clay, and C. W. Wolfe. "Genome-wide association study for ketosis in US Jerseys using producer-recorded data." Journal of Dairy Science 101, no. 1 (2018): 413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13383.
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Dainese, Matteo, Nick J. B. Isaac, Gary D. Powney, et al. "Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe." Global Change Biology 23, no. 8 (2017): 3040–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13601.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Producer association"
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Clements, Corinna. "Assessing the Impact of the Jepara Furniture Value Chain Project." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72905.
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This thesis assesses the impact of the Jepara Furniture Value Chain (FVC) project, which was conducted by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) to address challenges faced by small-scale furniture producers in Jepara, Indonesia. This assessment focuses on the effect of membership in the APKJ, a producer association started as part of the project. The propensity score for association membership was estimated using unchanging firm and owner characteristics, as well as information recalled about firm operations in 2009 (before the association was formed). Propensity score matching was used to compare outcome variables of association members and non-members. Results suggest that membership in the APKJ does not have a significant effect on profit levels. Using differenced current and recalled marketing and production behaviors as outcome variables with propensity score matching indicates that members have improved their bargaining position and marketing behaviors more than non-members since 2009. Additionally, APKJ members are more likely to have obtained certificates of timber legality<br>Master of Science
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Clemente, Evandro César [UNESP]. "Formação, dinâmica e a reestruturação da cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96736.
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clemente_ec_me_prud.pdf: 1686888 bytes, checksum: fdb32039abdd1f9e6d21316326466485 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal caracterizar e analisar a cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP, destacando a profunda reestruturação produtiva - nos âmbito tecnológico, logístico e social - pela qual vem passando o setor láteo nacional a partir dos anos 1990, em decorrência da abertura comercial externa, da desregulamentação do setor e da estabilização monetária. Além disso, as mudanças tecnológico-logístico-sanitárias que vêm sendo adotadas pelos laticínios, se dão num contexto em que cada vez mais cresce a importância da tecnologia, da ciência e da informação nos processos produtivos. A pecuária leiteira vem se constituindo numa atividade relevante para a reprodução social dos pequenos e médios proprietários rurais, na medida em que proporciona maior liquidez que os demais produtos. Diante do exposto, deve ser levada em consideração a singularidade do espaço agrário regional, que apresenta: estrutura fundiária desconcentrada, policultura (com destaque para a viticultura de mesa) e o predomínio do trabalho familiar. Neste sentido, a pecuária leiteira adquire significativa relevância para os proprietários rurais da região, mesmo com a viticultura sendo o carro-chefe da agropecuária. No entanto, pelo profundo e rápido processo de reestruturação pelo qual vem passando a cadeia produtiva do leite no país, muitos produtores de leite da Região de Jales-SP vêm sendo marginalizados do setor por não atenderem às novas exigência sanitárias...<br>This research has the main aim to characterize and analyze the milk productive chain in the region of Jales, São Paulo state, highlighting the deep productive reorganization - in the technological, logistical and social ambits - by which the national dairy sector has been coming through since the 90s, due to the external commercial opening, deregulation of the sector and monetary stability. Besides that, the technologicallogistical- sanitary changes which have been adopted by dairies, happen in a context that is increasing more and more the importance of technology, science and information in the productive processes. The dairy cattle is becoming an outstanding activity for the social reproduction of the small and medium rural owners, as it provides a month liquidity that no other agricultural product offers. In front of this, it must be taken into consideration the uniqueness of the regional agrarian space, which presents: land structure not concentrated, mixed farming (highlighting the viticulture) and the predominance of family work. In this way, the milk cattle acquires significant relevance for the rural owners from this region, even with the viticulture being the most important activity of the farming. However, by the deep and fast restructure process by which the milk productive chain in the country has been going through, many milk producers from the region of Jales-SP... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
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Clemente, Evandro César. "Formação, dinâmica e a reestruturação da cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96736.
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Orientador: Antônio Nivaldo Hespanhol<br>Resumo: A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal caracterizar e analisar a cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP, destacando a profunda reestruturação produtiva - nos âmbito tecnológico, logístico e social - pela qual vem passando o setor láteo nacional a partir dos anos 1990, em decorrência da abertura comercial externa, da desregulamentação do setor e da estabilização monetária. Além disso, as mudanças tecnológico-logístico-sanitárias que vêm sendo adotadas pelos laticínios, se dão num contexto em que cada vez mais cresce a importância da tecnologia, da ciência e da informação nos processos produtivos. A pecuária leiteira vem se constituindo numa atividade relevante para a reprodução social dos pequenos e médios proprietários rurais, na medida em que proporciona maior liquidez que os demais produtos. Diante do exposto, deve ser levada em consideração a singularidade do espaço agrário regional, que apresenta: estrutura fundiária desconcentrada, policultura (com destaque para a viticultura de mesa) e o predomínio do trabalho familiar. Neste sentido, a pecuária leiteira adquire significativa relevância para os proprietários rurais da região, mesmo com a viticultura sendo o carro-chefe da agropecuária. No entanto, pelo profundo e rápido processo de reestruturação pelo qual vem passando a cadeia produtiva do leite no país, muitos produtores de leite da Região de Jales-SP vêm sendo marginalizados do setor por não atenderem às novas exigência sanitárias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: This research has the main aim to characterize and analyze the milk productive chain in the region of Jales, São Paulo state, highlighting the deep productive reorganization - in the technological, logistical and social ambits - by which the national dairy sector has been coming through since the 90s, due to the external commercial opening, deregulation of the sector and monetary stability. Besides that, the technologicallogistical- sanitary changes which have been adopted by dairies, happen in a context that is increasing more and more the importance of technology, science and information in the productive processes. The dairy cattle is becoming an outstanding activity for the social reproduction of the small and medium rural owners, as it provides a month liquidity that no other agricultural product offers. In front of this, it must be taken into consideration the uniqueness of the regional agrarian space, which presents: land structure not concentrated, mixed farming (highlighting the viticulture) and the predominance of family work. In this way, the milk cattle acquires significant relevance for the rural owners from this region, even with the viticulture being the most important activity of the farming. However, by the deep and fast restructure process by which the milk productive chain in the country has been going through, many milk producers from the region of Jales-SP... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)<br>Mestre
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Bayach, Imene. "Non-covalent interactions in natural products." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0050/document.
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Les polyphénols naturels forment des complexes non-covalents dans lesquels le π-stacking et les liaisons hydrogène jouent un rôle clé dans la stabilisation. Les calculs DFT incluant la dispersion (DFT-D), la description des processus d'agrégation non-covalente de produits naturels devient fiable. Dans ce travail, les méthodes DFT-D sont appliquées à i) la compréhension de la biosynthèse stéréo- et régio-sélective des oligostilbenoïdes, ii) la prédiction de l'agrégation des antioxydants naturels au sein de la membrane bicouche lipidique, qui pourrait rationaliser la synergie de la vitamine E, la vitamine C et polyphénols dans leur action antioxydante, et iii) la modulation des propriétés optiques de dérivés de chalcones<br>Natural polyphenols form non-covalent complexes in which π-stacking and H-bonding play a key stabilizing role. The dispersion-corrected DFT calculations have paved the way towards reliable description of aggregation processes of natural products. In this work, these methods are applied at i) understanding of stereo- and regio-selective oligostilbenoids biosynthesis; ii) predicting natural antioxidant aggregation within lipid bilayer membrane, which may allow rationalizing the synergism of vitamin E, vitamin C and polyphenols in their antioxidant action; and iii) modulating optical properties of chalcone derivatives
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Bhattacharyya, Gargi. "Terwilliger algebras of wreath products of association schemes." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Yurkiewich, Alexander John. "An Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies to Produce Evidence Useful in Guiding Their Reporting and Synthesis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20686.
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Introduction The present study evaluated reported methodological characteristics of GWAS, investigating relationships between reported methodological characteristics and outcomes observed.
Methods GWAS were identified from NHGRI’s catalogue of GWAS (2005 to 2009). Multivariate meta-regression models (random effects) were produced to identify the impact of reported study characteristics and the strength of relationships between the variables and outcomes.
Results The summary odds ratios for replication components of GWAS in cancer was 1.34 (95% CI 1.25, 1.43) and neuropsychiatric disorders was 1.43 (95% CI 1.30, 1.57). Heterogeneity was accounted for by nature of the control group, relationship between case/control groups, whether cases/controls were drawn from the same population, if data was a primary collection or a build on pre-existing data, if quality assurance was reported, and if the study reported power/sample size.
Conclusion Evidence supports the existence of variability in reporting, with index components demonstrating less variability than replication components in the GWAS.
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Vaswani, Vishwas. "Predicting sentiment-mention associations in product reviews." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13714.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Computing and Information Sciences<br>Doina Caragea<br>With the rising trend in social networking, more people express their opinions on the web. As a consequence, there has been an increase in the number of blogs where people write reviews about the products they buy or services they experience. These reviews can be very helpful to other potential customers who want to know the pros and cons of a product, and also to manufacturers who want to get feedback from customers about their products. Sentiment analysis of online data (such as review blogs) is a rapidly growing field of research in Machine Learning, which can leverage online reviews and quickly extract the sentiment of a whole blog. The accuracy of a sentiment analyzer relies heavily on correctly identifying associations between a sentiment (opinion) word and the targeted mention (token or object) in blog sentences.
In this work, we focus on the task of automatically identifying sentiment-mention associations, in other words, we identify the target mention that is associated with a sentiment word in a sentence. Support Vector Machines (SVM), a supervised machine learning algorithm, was used to learn classifiers for this task. Syntactic and semantic features extracted from sentences were used as input to the SVM algorithm. The dataset used in the work has reviews from car and camera domain.
The work is divided into two phases. In the first phase, we learned domain specific classifiers for the car and camera domains, respectively. To further improve the predictions of the domain specific classifiers we investigated the use of transfer learning techniques in the second phase. More precisely, the goal was to use knowledge from a source domain to improve predictions for a target domain. We considered two transfer learning approaches: a feature level fusion approach and a classifier level fusion approach.
Experimental results show that transfer learning can help to improve the predictions made using the domain specific classifier approach. While both the feature level and classifier level fusion approaches were shown to improve the prediction accuracy, the classifier level fusion approach gave better results.
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Ferreira, Olga. "Modelling of association effects by groupcontribution: application to natural products." Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/2164.
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The design of extraction, fractionation and purification processes of natural products requires the existence of thermodynamic models that are able to accurately represent the phase equilibria behaviour of the highly complex mixtures involved in these unit operations. The complexity of these multi-component mixtures results from several reasons, e.g., the significant differences in size between the recovered natural products and the corresponding solvents and the existence of specific interactions, like hydrogen-bonding.
The main purpose of this work is the development of thermodynamic models that take into account explicitly the self-association and/or solvation effects between molecules and its subsequent
application to natural products mixtures. A compilation on the association theories, its analogies and limitations is presented. The application to multi-component mixtures, for which the available experimental information is scarce, suggests the use of group-contribution methods. Therefore, in this
study, an association contribution based on the first order perturbation theory was developed following a group-contribution approach.
The phase equilibria predictions for these multi-components systems usually are made using an equation of state or an activity coefficient model. Two new models were developed, one for the calculation of activity coefficients (A-UNIFAC) and one equation of state for the calculation of fugacity coefficients (GCA-EoS).
The A-UNIFAC model results from the addition of one association term to the combinatorial and residual contributions from the original UNIFAC model. First, the interaction parameters of the model were obtained by correlating vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE), liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) and infinite
dilution activity coefficients of binary mixtures containing water, alcohols, acids, esters, aromatic compounds, alkyl chlorides and/or alkanes. Significant improvements were obtained relatively to the
original UNIFAC model for the prediction of VLE and, specially, for the prediction of infinite dilution activity coefficients of associating components in inerts. After this, the model was used to predict the
solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) and VLE of mono and disaccharides in polar solvents (water and alcohols).
For that, new UNIFAC groups were defined to represent sugar molecules. The interaction parameters for these new groups were obtained using VLE and SLE of sugar-solvent binary mixtures. Finally, the model was applied to multi-component mixtures of industrial interest, for example, for the prediction of the water activity (in honey or fruit juices) or for the prediction of SLE of sugars in mixed solvents. This
model is quite satisfactory in describing the non-idealities in the liquid phase in a wide range of compositions.
The equation for the fugacity coefficients calculation (the group-contribution with association equation of state, GCA-EoS) combines three terms: a repulsive term based on the hard-spheres theory, a NRTL group version for the attractive term and, finally, the group-contribution association term based on the first order perturbation theory. The association term has been revised to allow the extension of
the model to several associating components, namely, carboxylic acids, esters, ketones in mixtures with water, alcohols and any number of inerts. The results obtained with the GCA -EoS are very satisfactory. These results compare favourably with the predictions of another group-contribution model that does not take into account explicitly association effects (MHV2 model), specially for
mixtures of associating components with inerts.
The fugacity coefficients calculation for the liquid and vapour phases using an equation of state allows its application up to the critical region. The GCA-EoS was used to describe phase equilibria of mixtures containing fatty oils (triglycerides) and their derivatives (fatty acids, fatty acids esters, mono and diglycerides) with supercritical fluids (propane or carbon dioxide). The critical parameters of high
molecular weight components are derived from infinite dilution activity coefficient data. New interaction parameters were calculated between the acid and the triglyceride group. As a complement to the available experimental information, infinite dilution activity coefficients for several solutes in mixtures of a triglyceride and a fatty acid were measured by inverse gas chromatography.
The GCA equation of state has shown a great flexibility to represent this type of mixtures containing polar mixtures with asymmetric components which supports its application in the design and optimization of separation processes of fatty oils mixtures with supercritical fluids.<br>Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal, for the PhD scholarship (reference SFRH/BD/879/2000) and for the financial support to participate in international scientific conferences.
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Björklund, Per, and Vanessa Polonis. "När livsmedel och känslor bekänner färg : En studie om associationers betydlse vid valsituationer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32146.
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Intense competition in the food sector makes food-product design play a significant role in the consumers' choices. Product design includes a number of parameters among which the product's color is one of the factors that matters the most. Emotions are of high importance when choosing low-involvement products. The above assumptions indicate the purpose of this research that is to examine the meaning and correlation of associations between emotional attributes, colors and food-products, which the consumer subconctiously takes into consideration when choosing food-products. The theoretical framework for the research is based on a number of academic papers concerning emotional connections people have towards colors, as well as emotional connections when it comes to making a purchase. An experiment and a survey among 200 respondents have been carried out to investigate the phenomenon. The food product which became the survey objective was coffee and the studied colors were primary and secondary colors. The result clearly depicts there are associations between emotional attributes and various colors of food products, moreover, that one of the emotional attributes and one of the colors had a stronger interconnection than others. This leads to the conclusion that the associations between emotional attributes, colors and food products help consumers to make choices more effectively. Keywords: marketing, choice, associations, colors, emotions, emotial attributes, product design<br>En intensiv konkurrens inom livsmedelsbranschen bidrar till att livsmedelsprodukters design spelar en central roll vid konsumenters valsituationer. Produktdesign utmärks av ett antal parametrar var av produktens färg är en av de viktigaste. Vid transaktioner av lågengagemangsprodukter spelar känslor en avgörande roll för konsumentens beslut. Detta resonemang leder till denna studies syfte vilket söker att utreda vilken betydelse som associationer mellan känsloattribut, färger och livsmedel har för valsituationen av livsmedelsprodukter. Det teoretiska ramverket för studien är framtagen ur ett antal forskares artiklar som behandlar emotionella sammankopplingar som människor har med färger samt vid transaktioner av produkter. För att utreda fenomenet har ett experiment och en enkät genomförts ur ett urval med 200 respondenter. Undersökningsobjektet i form av livsmedel inom studien blev kaffe och de utvalda färgerna blev primär- och sekundärfärgerna. Resultatet för undersökningen påvisar att det finns vissa samband mellan känsloattributen för olika färger och livsmedlet kaffe och det betraktades att det finns indikatorer som visade på att ett känsloattribut och en färg hade en särskilt stark sammankoppling. Detta mynnar ut i slutsatsen för undersökningen vilket är att betydelsen för associationer mellan livsmedel, färger och känsloattribut vid konsumenters valsituationer är att de hjälper till att effektivisera för konsumenterna att genomföra dessa val. Nyckelord: marknadsföring, valsituation, val, associationer, färger, känslor, känsloattribut, produktdesign
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Khan, Intisar Chowdhury. "Spreads microbiology in association with product matrix, structure and chemistry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28996/.
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The overall aim of this study was to eliminate the root cause of the ‘cheese flavour’ in spread caused by four key microbes Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus spp, yeasts and moulds. The major sources of these bacteria were in the product ingredients mainly sweet cream buttermilk and skimmed milk along with environmental aerosols. The causative organisms were present in about 63% of the products and mainly ‘feed’ on the oil element of the recipe, containing high level C12 that generates the distinctive cheese flavour when broken down by bacteria. The key hurdle factor in spread preventing microbial growth is water droplet size. The spread showing cheese off flavour had a droplet size distribution of 95% <10 micron. To achieve finer droplet size distribution, trial products were made in the Scrape Surface Heat Exchanger (SSHE) over the current churning method with a distribution of droplet size 98% <5 micron. The trial product showed a 50% reduction in the generation of the ‘cheese flavour’ methyl ketones. The Staphylococcus spp cross contamination source where from personnel with direct food contact processing area. Further education on personal hygiene helped to reduce the level of Staphylococcus spp contamination in the product. The trial product from the SSHE was further challenge tested with Listeria monocytogenes over a 10 week shelf life period to evaluate product robustness against microbial growth and spoilage. The organism did not show any growth over the period of time. The liquid phase of the emulsion was further modified with various salts at different concentrations and challenged with L. monocytogenes isolated from various parts of the dairy environment. It was observed that a pH range of 5.5 or lower with added 0.063% potassium sorbate showed significant antibacterial affect compared to the nutrient enriched MPC-broth and the unsalted liquid phase of the emulsion with no added potassium sorbate. To understand L. monocytogenes survival within a dairy process, the organism was further challenged by exposure to pasteurisation heat treatments and the standard CIP cycle of acid and caustic treatment. No recovery rate of the organism was observed. Therefore it could be concluded that the contamination within the industry is more likely to be post process or environmental contamination rather than survival through the plant itself as per RASFF alert of Listeria spp outbreak in dairy. Therefore, reducing the available water in the liquid phase of the spread and achieving a <5 μm droplet size and a finer distribution within the product will be limiting factors to microbial growth. An air purifier system BAXX has reduced the level of environmental contaminants, especially yeast and mould.
Books on the topic "Producer association"
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Association, Baby Products. Baby Products Association yearbook. 4th ed. Baby Products Assn., 2000.
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British Surface Treatment Suppliers Association. Products and services. BSTSA, 1993.
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Producers, Canadian Association of Petroleum. Stewardship progress report: Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers. Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, 2002.
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Harvey, Lori Thomson. The 1989 pesticide directory: A guide to producers & products, regulators, researchers & associations in the United States. Thomson Publications, 1989.
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Bianchi, Tito. Development discontinuities: Leaders and intermediaries in producers' associations. United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.
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Bianchi, Tito. Development discontinuities: Leaders and intermediaries in producers' associations. United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 1999.
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Association, British Textile Machinery. Directory of Members and their Products. Edited by Love Edward and Duffy John. 'Textile month' for the Association, 1991.
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Michael, McGuffin, ed. American Herbal Products Association's botanical safety handbook. CRC Press, 1997.
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Fanta, Alma. Países exportadores de materias primas: El derecho a organizarse : las asociaciones de productores en el derecho internacional. Grupo Editor Latinoamericano, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Producer association"
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Bhowmik, Sharit, and Renana Jhabvala. "6. Rural Women Manage their own Producer Co-operatives: Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA)/Banaskantha Women’s Association in Western India." In Speaking Out. Practical Action Publishing, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445991.006.
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Defever, Kathleen M. "Enaction of Chapter VII of the Insurance Distribution Directive: What Can Member States Learn from the Enforcement Failures of the United States?" In AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52738-9_9.
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AbstractChapter VII of the Insurance Distribution Directive delineates the sanctions and other pecuniary measures which the Commission of the European Union now requires as a portion of the minimum harmonization of the Directive. As Member States adopt and apply the articles of Chapter VII, which are unprecedented in their scope and specificity, they may find guidance through a comparison of the enforcement mechanisms already in place in other jurisdictions.The United States is well known as the largest insurance market in the world, and possesses an extensive body of insurance regulation. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners, an advisory organization comprised of the insurance commissioners from each of the 50 U.S. states, drafted the Producer Licensing Model Act—the closest American corollary to the IDD. Unfortunately, despite widespread adoption of the PLMA, the effectiveness of U.S. state enforcement mechanisms on the actions of intermediaries is, overall, weak and inconsistent. We will analyze why this is the case, and offer concrete examples of the failures of specific state enforcement regimes.
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Traxler, Franz. "Employer vs. Product Market Associations: Different Dynamics in Associational Governance?" In The Effectiveness of EU Business Associations. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230629370_16.
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ElMaraghy, Hoda, and Tarek AlGeddawy. "Multidisciplinary Domains Association in Product Family Design." In Advances in Product Family and Product Platform Design. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7937-6_3.
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Frosio, Nino. "The Mandate of the Association of Producers." In Renewable Energy for Unleashing Sustainable Development. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00284-2_16.
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Lancaster, Brian P., Anthony G. Butler, Landon C. Frerich, and Stephen P. Mayeux. "Government National Mortgage Association Multifamily Deals." In Structured Products and Related Credit Derivatives. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119197836.ch18.
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Okubo, Makoto, Hiroshi Ogasawara, Shigeru Nakao, Osamu Murakami, Hiroshi Ishii, and Anthony K. Ward. "Dynamic Strain in a South African Gold Mine Produced by the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_207.
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Fernández, Jaime, Heike Peter, Emilio José Calero, Javier Berzosa, Luis Javier Gallardo, and Pierre Féménias. "Sentinel-3A: Validation of Orbit Products at the Copernicus POD Service." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2019_64.
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Bruyninx, C., A. Kenyeres, and B. Takacs. "EPN Data and Product Analysis for Improved Velocity Estimation: First Results." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04709-5_9.
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Dousa, Jan, and Pavel Vaclavovic. "The Evaluation of Ground-Based GNSS Tropospheric Products at Geodetic Observatory Pecný." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_157.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Producer association"
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Dainese, Matteo, and Lorenzo Marini. "Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107645.
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Du, Ping, and Erin F. MacDonald. "Product Body Shapes, Not Features, Provide Fast and Frugal Cues for Environmental Friendliness." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60283.
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Mental associations between a product’s visual design and its unobservable characteristics aid consumer judgments. It is hypothesized these associations, or cues, allow people to decrease the mental load required to make a decision. This paper investigates the rapid-building of mental associations between visual cues and unobservable attributes. It questions if it is more effective to cue holistically, through body-shape, or by individual features. Subjects participated in an association-building task and were then surveyed for retention of positive and negative cues for environmental friendliness ratings. Results demonstrate retention of body shapes cues but not feature cues. Additionally, eye-tracking data demonstrate that people redistribute their attention to a product after the association-building task, increasing the percentage of attention in the cued visual areas-of-interest. This supports the hypothesis that cues work to distribute mental load more efficiently; subjects’ evaluations became more targeted when judging environmental friendliness.
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Orbay, Gunay, Luoting Fu, and Levent Burak Kara. "Shape Spirit: Deciphering Form Characteristics and Emotional Associations Through Geometric Abstraction." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13274.
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Understanding and tailoring the visual elements of a developing product to evoke a desired emotional response and aesthetic perception is a key challenge in industrial design. To date, computational approaches to assist this process have either relied on stiff geometric representations, or focused on superficial features that exclude often elusive shape characteristics. In this work, we aim to study the relationship between product form and consumer emotions through a visual deconstruction and abstraction of existing final products. In particular, we attempt to answer three questions: (1) Do observers’ aesthetic judgments rely on the product as a whole, including fine geometric details, superficial surface features, and brand-revealing icons, or are large, prominent shape characteristics sufficient to make this determination? (2) Is it possible to isolate shape features that give rise to specific emotional responses? (3) Is there a relationship between consumers’ ability to recognize a brand and the emotional attributes they associate with that brand. At the heart of our investigation is a shape analysis method that produces a spectrum of abstractions for a given 3D computer model. This produces a hierarchical simplification of an end product, whereby consumer response to geometric elements can be statistically studied across different products, as well as across the different abstractions of one particular product. The results of our study show that emotional responses evoked by coarse product “impressions” are strongly correlated with those evoked by final production models. This, in turn, highlights the importance of early aesthetic assessment and exploration before committing to detail design efforts.
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Sangelkar, Shraddha, and Daniel A. McAdams. "Formalizing User Activity–Product Function Association Based Design Rules for Universal Products." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47926.
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Universal products intend to equally serve people with and without a disability. This paper focuses on creating guidelines that are applicable during the early stages of designing universal products. Actionfunction diagrams are used to formally compare existing universal products to their typical counterparts to study the similarities and differences. A data mining technique, particularly association rule learning, generates rules from the universal and typical product comparison data. Generation of function-based association rules for universal design has been performed on a smaller scale using this method; this research seeks to extend and formalize the same method by studying a larger set of universal products. Trends in the generation of rules are analyzed indicating that a finite set of rules should be applicable to an arbitrarily large set of products. Further, the rules are analyzed in detail to evaluate their potential for transferability and reuse from one product to another. Of particular interest is the transferability of the rules across apparently disparate product domains such as garden tools and residential furniture. The conceptual and physical similarity of the rules is discussed in the context of creating universal product families based on a platform of accessible elements.
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Wang, Mingxian, Wei Chen, Yun Huang, Noshir S. Contractor, and Yan Fu. "A Multidimensional Network Approach for Modeling Customer-Product Relations in Engineering Design." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46764.
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Analytical modeling of customer preferences in product design is inherently difficult as it faces challenges in modeling heterogeneous human behavior and product offerings. In this paper, the customer-product interactions are viewed as a complex socio-technical system and analyzed using social network theory and techniques. We propose a Multidimensional Customer-Product Network (MCPN) framework, where separate networks of “customers” and “products” are simultaneously modeled, and multiple types of relations, such as consideration and purchase, product associations, and customer social networks are considered. We start with the simplest unimodal network configuration where customer cross-shopping behaviors and product similarities are analyzed to inform designers about the implied product competition, market segmentation, and product positions in the market. We then progressively extend the network to a multidimensional structure that integrates customer preference decisions with product feature similarities to enable the modeling of preference heterogeneity, product association and decision dependency. Finally, social influences on new product adoption are analyzed in the same framework by introducing customer-customer relations together with other product-product and customer-product relations. Beyond the traditional network descriptive analysis, we employ the Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) as a unified statistical inference framework for analyzing multiple relations in MCPN to support engineering design decisions. Our approach broadens the traditional utility-based logit approaches by considering the dependency among product choices and the “irrationality” of customer behavior induced by social influence. While this paper is focused on presenting the conceptual framework of the proposed methodology, examples on customer vehicle preferences are presented to illustrate the progressive development of the MCPN framework from a simple unimodal configuration to a complex multidimensional structure.
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"Association rules, consumer product, information." In 2019 Scientific Conference on Network, Power Systems and Computing. Institute of Electronics and Computer, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33969/eecs.v3.014.
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Gorschek, Tony, and Hans-Bernd Kittlaus. "International Software Product Management Association." In 2011 5th International Workshop on Software Product Management (IWSPM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwspm.2011.6046198.
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Sun, Li, Min Xu, and Rongfeng Sun. "Indirectly Heated Pyrolysis for Selected Biomass Materials." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-54208.
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Pyrolysis is an important basic process for biomass thermo-chemical conversion. By different condition of the process, a series of technologies can be designed to produce different products, such as mid-Btu gas, syngas, liquid fuel and hydrogen. This paper presents the experimental data for selected biomass materials on indirectly heated pyrolysis process. The influences of temperature on parameters such as pyrolysis products, mass balance relationship, composition of gas, are described. This research paves the way to two technical directions. One combines with a gasifier to produce gas with very low tar content, which can be used to generate electricity. Another, in association with secondary decomposition process, generates hydrogen-rich gas.
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Brushwood, John S., Ken Campbell, C. V. Hanson, Andras Horvath, and Thomas Vivenzio. "A Combined Cycle Power Generation/Alfalfa Processing System: Part 1 — Development and Testing." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-335.
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The Minnesota Valley Alfalfa Producers (MnVAP), a farmer owned cooperative, is developing a 75 MW combined cycle power plant integrated with alfalfa processiag facilities in southwestern Minnesota. The Minnesota Agri-Power (MAP) project is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy and a project development team that includes Stone & Webster, the University of Minnesota, United Power Association, Carbona Corporation/Kvaerner Pulping Inc. and Westinghouse. Alfalfa processing facilities separate the fibrous stem material from the protein-rich leaf fraction. The resulting alfalfa leaf meal (ALM) is further processed into a variety of valuable livestock feed products. Alfalfa stem material is gasified using air-blown fluidized bed technology to produce a hot, clean, fuel gas. The fuel gas is fired in a combustion turbine and the exhaust heat is used to produce steam to power a steam turbine. At base load, the electric power plant will consume 1000 tons per day of biomass fuel. This paper briefly describes the project development activities of the alfalfa feed trials and the combined cycle power plant. This commercial scale demonstration represents an important milestone on a continuing pathway towards environmentally and economically sustainable energy systems.
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Haber, Edgar, Marchall T. Runge, Christoph Bode, Betsy Branscomb, and Janet Schnee. "ANTIBODY TARGETED FIBRINOLYSIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643723.
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Chemical conjugates of fibrin-specificantibodies and plasminogen activators. Urokinase or tPA were linked covalently toamonoclonal antibody specific for the amino terminus of the beta chain of human fibrin (59D8) by means of the unidirectionalcross-linking reagent SPDP. The fibrinolytic potency of the conjugates at equal amidolytic activities was compared to the native plasminogen activators in an assay measuring lysis of 1251-fibrin monomer covalently linked to Sepharose CL-4B. Urokinase was least potent, tPA exhibited a 10fold increase in fibrinolysis whereas both the urokinase and tPA antibody conjugates and a urokinase-Fab conjugate were 250fold more potent than urokinase and 25 fold more potent than tPA. Enhanced fibrinolysis was fully inhibited by b peptide indicating its dependence on antigen binding. In a plasma assay conjugates of tPA orUK to antibody produced a 3.2- to 4.5-fold enhancement in clot lysis in human plasma over that of the respective unconjugated plasminogen activator. However, the UK-59D8 conjugate was only as potent as tPAalone. Antibody-conjugated tPA or UK consumed less fibrinogen, alpha 2-antiplasminand plasminogen than did the unconjugatedactivators, at equipotent thrombolytic concentrations. In a quantitative rabbit thrombolysis model, the activity of the purified conjugate was compared with that oftPA alone and that of a conjugate betweentPA and a digoxin-specific monoclonal antibody. After correction for spontaneous lysis, tPA-59D8 was shown to be 2.8 to,9.6times more potent than tPA alone. Unconjugated tPA and tPA-digoxin were equipotent.At equivalent thrombolytic concentrations, tPA-59D8 degraded less fibrinogen and consumed less alpha 2-antiplasmin than did tPA alone. These results suggest that tPA can be efficiently directed to the site of a thrombus by conjugation to an antifibrin monoclonal antibody, resulting in both more potent and more selective thrombolysis.A recombinant fusion protein comprising a fibrin-specific antibody site and theB chain of tPA. The rearranged 59D8 heavychain gene was cloned and combined in theexpression vector pSV2gpt withsequence coding for a portion of the Gamma 2b constant region and the catalytic beta chain of t-PA. This construct was transfected into heavy chain loss variant cells derived from the 59D8 hybridoma. Recombinant protein was purified by affinitychromatography and analyzed with Western blots. These revealed a 65-kD heavy chain-t-PA fusion protein that is secreted in association with the 59D8 light chain in the form of a 170-kD disulfide linked dimer. A chromogenic substrate assay showed the fusion protein to have 70 percent of the peptidolytic activity of native t-PA and to activate plasminogen as efficiently as t-PA. In a competitive binding assay, reconstituted antibody was shown to have a binding profile similar to that of native 59D8. Thus by recombinant techniques we have produced a novel hybrid protein capable of high affinity fibrin binding andplasminogen activation.Chemical conjugates between a fibrin-specific and a tPA-specific antibody. A heteroantibody duplex (duplex) with specificities for both tPA and fibrin was synthesized by conjugating iminothiolane-modified anti-tPA monoclonal antibody (TCL8) toantifibrin antibody 59D8. Addition of both duplex and tPA to a plasma clot assay gave more lysis (200 units produced 23.1 lysis; 400 units, 29.5 lysis) than did tPAalone (200 units, 1.8% lysis; 400 units,19% lysis). Despite increased potency associated with duplex addition, fibrinogen and alpha-2-antiplasmin levels at equal tPA concentrations did not differ. Thus, itis possible to concentrate tPA (added separately) to the site of a thrombus in plasma using a heteroantibody duplex with specificities for both tPA and fibrin.Biosynthetically produced heteroduplexantibodies that are both fibin and tPA-specific. The bispecific antibodies were prepared in two ways. First, polyethylene glycol-mediated fusions were performed with two different hybridoma cell lines: anti-fribrin b chain producer, 59D8 and anti-tPA producer, TCL8. TCL8 cells were selected for HPRT-minus variants and then fused with TK-deficient 59D8 cells. One cell line, F36.23, possessed both anti-human fibrin and anti-human t-PA immunoreactivities. A second method yielded another bispecific antibody, F32.1. This cell line was selected after fusing TCL8 (HPRT-minus) cells with spleen cells from a mouseimmunized with a fibrin-like peptide corresponding to the amino terminus of fibrinalpha-chains. Affinity-purified F32.1 andF36.23 retained anti-fibrin and anti-t-PAactivity and enhanced fibrinolytic potency of tPA by a factor of 10.
Reports on the topic "Producer association"
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, and Lant Pritchett. Women’s Education May Be Even Better Than We Thought: Estimating the Gains from Education When Schooling Ain’t Learning. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/049.
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Women’s schooling has long been regarded as one of the best investments in development. Using two different cross-nationally comparable data sets which both contain measures of schooling, assessments of literacy, and life outcomes for more than 50 countries, we show the association of women’s education (defined as schooling and the acquisition of literacy) with four life outcomes (fertility, child mortality, empowerment, and financial practices) is much larger than the standard estimates of the gains from schooling alone. First, estimates of the association of outcomes with schooling alone cannot distinguish between the association of outcomes with schooling that actually produces increased learning and schooling that does not. Second, typical estimates do not address attenuation bias from measurement error. Using the new data on literacy to partially address these deficiencies, we find that the associations of women’s basic education (completing primary schooling and attaining literacy) with child mortality, fertility, women’s empowerment and the associations of men’s and women’s basic education with positive financial practices are three to five times larger than standard estimates. For instance, our country aggregated OLS estimate of the association of women’s empowerment with primary schooling versus no schooling is 0.15 of a standard deviation of the index, but the estimated association for women with primary schooling and literacy, using IV to correct for attenuation bias, is 0.68, 4.6 times bigger. Our findings raise two conceptual points. First, if the causal pathway through which schooling affects life outcomes is, even partially, through learning then estimates of the impact of schooling will underestimate the impact of education. Second, decisions about how to invest to improve life outcomes necessarily depend on estimates of the relative impacts and relative costs of schooling (e.g., grade completion) versus learning (e.g., literacy) on life outcomes. Our results do share the limitation of all previous observational results that the associations cannot be given causal interpretation and much more work will be needed to be able to make reliable claims about causal pathways.
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Wilson, Jonathan Samuel. Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson Produced in Association with Top Quarks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1249485.
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Singh, Niharika Ranjan. A Study of Quark Fragmentation Using Kaons Produced in Association with Prompt $D_s^±/D^±$ Mesons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1247704.
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Frank, Martin Johannes. A Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson Produced in Association with a $W$ Boson. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1016880.
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Slaunwhite, Jason Michael. Search for the Higgs boson produced in association with a W boson at CDF Run II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/946540.
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Ramm-Granberg, Tynan, F. Rocchio, Catharine Copass, Rachel Brunner, and Eric Nelsen. Revised vegetation classification for Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic national parks: Project summary report. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284511.
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Field crews recently collected more than 10 years of classification and mapping data in support of the North Coast and Cascades Inventory and Monitoring Network (NCCN) vegetation maps of Mount Rainier (MORA), Olympic (OLYM), and North Cascades (NOCA) National Parks. Synthesis and analysis of these 6000+ plots by Washington Natural Heritage Program (WNHP) and Institute for Natural Resources (INR) staff built on the foundation provided by the earlier classification work of Crawford et al. (2009). These analyses provided support for most of the provisional plant associations in Crawford et al. (2009), while also revealing previously undescribed vegetation types that were not represented in the United States National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). Both provisional and undescribed types have since been submitted to the USNVC by WNHP staff through a peer-reviewed process. NCCN plots were combined with statewide forest and wetland plot data from the US Forest Service (USFS) and other sources to create a comprehensive data set for Washington. Analyses incorporated Cluster Analysis, Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS), Multi-Response Permutation Procedure (MRPP), and Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) to identify, vet, and describe USNVC group, alliance, and association distinctions. The resulting revised classification contains 321 plant associations in 99 alliances. A total of 54 upland associations were moved through the peer review process and are now part of the USNVC. Of those, 45 were provisional or preliminary types from Crawford et al. (2009), with 9 additional new associations that were originally identified by INR. WNHP also revised the concepts of 34 associations, wrote descriptions for 2 existing associations, eliminated/archived 2 associations, and created 4 new upland alliances. Finally, WNHP created 27 new wetland alliances and revised or clarified an additional 21 as part of this project (not all of those occur in the parks). This report and accompanying vegetation descriptions, keys and synoptic and environmental tables (all products available from the NPS Data Store project reference: https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2279907) present the fruit of these combined efforts: a comprehensive, up-to-date vegetation classification for the three major national parks of Washington State.
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Galvin, Jeff, and Sarah Studd. Vegetation inventory, mapping, and characterization report, Saguaro National Park: Volume III, type descriptions. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284802.
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The Sonoran Desert Network (SODN) conducted a vegetation mapping and characterization effort at the two districts of Saguaro National Park from 2010 to 2018. This project was completed under the National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory, which aims to complete baseline mapping and classification inventories at more than 270 NPS units. The vegetation map data were collected to provide park managers with a digital map product that meets national standards of spatial and thematic accuracy, while also placing the vegetation into a regional and national context. A total of 97 distinct vegetation communities were described: 83 exclusively at the Rincon Mountain District, 9 exclusively at the Tucson Mountain District, and 5 occurring in both districts. These communities ranged from low-elevation creosote (Larrea tridentata) shrub-lands spanning broad alluvial fans to mountaintop Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests on the slopes of Rincon Peak. All 97 communities were described at the association level, each with detailed narratives including lists of species found in each association, their abundance, landscape features, and overall community structural characteristics. Only 15 of the 97 vegetation types were existing “accepted” types within the NVC. The others are newly de-scribed and specific to Saguaro National Park (and will be proposed for formal status within the NVC). This document is Volume III of three volumes comprising the Saguaro National Park Vegetation Mapping Inventory. This volume provides full type descriptions of the 97 associations identified and mapped during the project, and detailed in Volume I. Volume II provides abridged versions of these full descriptions, briefly describing the floristic and structural characteristics of the vegetation and showing representative photos of associations, their distribution, and an example of the satellite imagery for one polygon.
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Sinanidis, Alexandros Pericles. Particles Produced in Association with High Transverse Momentum Single Photons and $\pi^0$s in Hadronic Collision. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1427779.
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Galvin, Jeff, and Sarah Strudd. Vegetation inventory, mapping, and characterization report, Saguaro National Park: Volume II, association summaries. Edited by Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284793.
Full textAbstract:
The Sonoran Desert Network (SODN) conducted a vegetation mapping and characterization effort at the two districts of Saguaro National Park from 2010 to 2018. This project was completed under the National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory, which aims to complete baseline mapping and classification inventories at more than 270 NPS units. The vegetation map data were collected to provide park managers with a digital map product that meets national standards of spatial and thematic accuracy, while also placing the vegetation into a regional and national context. A total of 97 distinct vegetation communities were described: 83 exclusively at the Rincon Mountain District, 9 exclusively at the Tucson Mountain District, and 5 occurring in both districts. These communities ranged from low-elevation creosote (Larrea tridentata) shrub-lands spanning broad alluvial fans to mountaintop Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests on the slopes of Rincon Peak. All 97 communities were described at the association level, each with detailed narratives including lists of species found in each association, their abundance, landscape features, and overall community structural characteristics. Only 15 of the 97 vegetation types were existing “accepted” types within the National Vegetation Classification (NVC). The others are newly described and specific to Saguaro National Park (and will be proposed for formal status within the NVC). This document is Volume II of three volumes comprising the Saguaro National Park Vegetation Mapping Inventory. This volume provides two-page summaries of the 97 associations identified and mapped during the project, and detailed in Volume I. Summaries are presented by district, starting with the Tucson Mountain District. These summaries are abridged versions of the full association descriptions found in Volume III.
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Olk, Dan, and Dana Dinnes. Corn and Soybean Response to Humic Product Applications on the Clarion-Nicollet-Webster Soil Association. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2022.
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