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Clements, Corinna. "Assessing the Impact of the Jepara Furniture Value Chain Project." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72905.
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This thesis assesses the impact of the Jepara Furniture Value Chain (FVC) project, which was conducted by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) to address challenges faced by small-scale furniture producers in Jepara, Indonesia. This assessment focuses on the effect of membership in the APKJ, a producer association started as part of the project. The propensity score for association membership was estimated using unchanging firm and owner characteristics, as well as information recalled about firm operations in 2009 (before the association was formed). Propensity score matching was used to compare outcome variables of association members and non-members. Results suggest that membership in the APKJ does not have a significant effect on profit levels. Using differenced current and recalled marketing and production behaviors as outcome variables with propensity score matching indicates that members have improved their bargaining position and marketing behaviors more than non-members since 2009. Additionally, APKJ members are more likely to have obtained certificates of timber legality<br>Master of Science
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Clemente, Evandro César [UNESP]. "Formação, dinâmica e a reestruturação da cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96736.
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clemente_ec_me_prud.pdf: 1686888 bytes, checksum: fdb32039abdd1f9e6d21316326466485 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)<br>A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal caracterizar e analisar a cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP, destacando a profunda reestruturação produtiva - nos âmbito tecnológico, logístico e social - pela qual vem passando o setor láteo nacional a partir dos anos 1990, em decorrência da abertura comercial externa, da desregulamentação do setor e da estabilização monetária. Além disso, as mudanças tecnológico-logístico-sanitárias que vêm sendo adotadas pelos laticínios, se dão num contexto em que cada vez mais cresce a importância da tecnologia, da ciência e da informação nos processos produtivos. A pecuária leiteira vem se constituindo numa atividade relevante para a reprodução social dos pequenos e médios proprietários rurais, na medida em que proporciona maior liquidez que os demais produtos. Diante do exposto, deve ser levada em consideração a singularidade do espaço agrário regional, que apresenta: estrutura fundiária desconcentrada, policultura (com destaque para a viticultura de mesa) e o predomínio do trabalho familiar. Neste sentido, a pecuária leiteira adquire significativa relevância para os proprietários rurais da região, mesmo com a viticultura sendo o carro-chefe da agropecuária. No entanto, pelo profundo e rápido processo de reestruturação pelo qual vem passando a cadeia produtiva do leite no país, muitos produtores de leite da Região de Jales-SP vêm sendo marginalizados do setor por não atenderem às novas exigência sanitárias...<br>This research has the main aim to characterize and analyze the milk productive chain in the region of Jales, São Paulo state, highlighting the deep productive reorganization - in the technological, logistical and social ambits - by which the national dairy sector has been coming through since the 90s, due to the external commercial opening, deregulation of the sector and monetary stability. Besides that, the technologicallogistical- sanitary changes which have been adopted by dairies, happen in a context that is increasing more and more the importance of technology, science and information in the productive processes. The dairy cattle is becoming an outstanding activity for the social reproduction of the small and medium rural owners, as it provides a month liquidity that no other agricultural product offers. In front of this, it must be taken into consideration the uniqueness of the regional agrarian space, which presents: land structure not concentrated, mixed farming (highlighting the viticulture) and the predominance of family work. In this way, the milk cattle acquires significant relevance for the rural owners from this region, even with the viticulture being the most important activity of the farming. However, by the deep and fast restructure process by which the milk productive chain in the country has been going through, many milk producers from the region of Jales-SP... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
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Clemente, Evandro César. "Formação, dinâmica e a reestruturação da cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96736.
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Orientador: Antônio Nivaldo Hespanhol<br>Resumo: A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal caracterizar e analisar a cadeia produtiva do leite na região de Jales-SP, destacando a profunda reestruturação produtiva - nos âmbito tecnológico, logístico e social - pela qual vem passando o setor láteo nacional a partir dos anos 1990, em decorrência da abertura comercial externa, da desregulamentação do setor e da estabilização monetária. Além disso, as mudanças tecnológico-logístico-sanitárias que vêm sendo adotadas pelos laticínios, se dão num contexto em que cada vez mais cresce a importância da tecnologia, da ciência e da informação nos processos produtivos. A pecuária leiteira vem se constituindo numa atividade relevante para a reprodução social dos pequenos e médios proprietários rurais, na medida em que proporciona maior liquidez que os demais produtos. Diante do exposto, deve ser levada em consideração a singularidade do espaço agrário regional, que apresenta: estrutura fundiária desconcentrada, policultura (com destaque para a viticultura de mesa) e o predomínio do trabalho familiar. Neste sentido, a pecuária leiteira adquire significativa relevância para os proprietários rurais da região, mesmo com a viticultura sendo o carro-chefe da agropecuária. No entanto, pelo profundo e rápido processo de reestruturação pelo qual vem passando a cadeia produtiva do leite no país, muitos produtores de leite da Região de Jales-SP vêm sendo marginalizados do setor por não atenderem às novas exigência sanitárias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: This research has the main aim to characterize and analyze the milk productive chain in the region of Jales, São Paulo state, highlighting the deep productive reorganization - in the technological, logistical and social ambits - by which the national dairy sector has been coming through since the 90s, due to the external commercial opening, deregulation of the sector and monetary stability. Besides that, the technologicallogistical- sanitary changes which have been adopted by dairies, happen in a context that is increasing more and more the importance of technology, science and information in the productive processes. The dairy cattle is becoming an outstanding activity for the social reproduction of the small and medium rural owners, as it provides a month liquidity that no other agricultural product offers. In front of this, it must be taken into consideration the uniqueness of the regional agrarian space, which presents: land structure not concentrated, mixed farming (highlighting the viticulture) and the predominance of family work. In this way, the milk cattle acquires significant relevance for the rural owners from this region, even with the viticulture being the most important activity of the farming. However, by the deep and fast restructure process by which the milk productive chain in the country has been going through, many milk producers from the region of Jales-SP... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)<br>Mestre
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Bayach, Imene. "Non-covalent interactions in natural products." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0050/document.
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Les polyphénols naturels forment des complexes non-covalents dans lesquels le π-stacking et les liaisons hydrogène jouent un rôle clé dans la stabilisation. Les calculs DFT incluant la dispersion (DFT-D), la description des processus d'agrégation non-covalente de produits naturels devient fiable. Dans ce travail, les méthodes DFT-D sont appliquées à i) la compréhension de la biosynthèse stéréo- et régio-sélective des oligostilbenoïdes, ii) la prédiction de l'agrégation des antioxydants naturels au sein de la membrane bicouche lipidique, qui pourrait rationaliser la synergie de la vitamine E, la vitamine C et polyphénols dans leur action antioxydante, et iii) la modulation des propriétés optiques de dérivés de chalcones<br>Natural polyphenols form non-covalent complexes in which π-stacking and H-bonding play a key stabilizing role. The dispersion-corrected DFT calculations have paved the way towards reliable description of aggregation processes of natural products. In this work, these methods are applied at i) understanding of stereo- and regio-selective oligostilbenoids biosynthesis; ii) predicting natural antioxidant aggregation within lipid bilayer membrane, which may allow rationalizing the synergism of vitamin E, vitamin C and polyphenols in their antioxidant action; and iii) modulating optical properties of chalcone derivatives
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Bhattacharyya, Gargi. "Terwilliger algebras of wreath products of association schemes." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Yurkiewich, Alexander John. "An Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies to Produce Evidence Useful in Guiding Their Reporting and Synthesis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20686.
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Introduction The present study evaluated reported methodological characteristics of GWAS, investigating relationships between reported methodological characteristics and outcomes observed.
Methods GWAS were identified from NHGRI’s catalogue of GWAS (2005 to 2009). Multivariate meta-regression models (random effects) were produced to identify the impact of reported study characteristics and the strength of relationships between the variables and outcomes.
Results The summary odds ratios for replication components of GWAS in cancer was 1.34 (95% CI 1.25, 1.43) and neuropsychiatric disorders was 1.43 (95% CI 1.30, 1.57). Heterogeneity was accounted for by nature of the control group, relationship between case/control groups, whether cases/controls were drawn from the same population, if data was a primary collection or a build on pre-existing data, if quality assurance was reported, and if the study reported power/sample size.
Conclusion Evidence supports the existence of variability in reporting, with index components demonstrating less variability than replication components in the GWAS.
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Vaswani, Vishwas. "Predicting sentiment-mention associations in product reviews." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13714.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Computing and Information Sciences<br>Doina Caragea<br>With the rising trend in social networking, more people express their opinions on the web. As a consequence, there has been an increase in the number of blogs where people write reviews about the products they buy or services they experience. These reviews can be very helpful to other potential customers who want to know the pros and cons of a product, and also to manufacturers who want to get feedback from customers about their products. Sentiment analysis of online data (such as review blogs) is a rapidly growing field of research in Machine Learning, which can leverage online reviews and quickly extract the sentiment of a whole blog. The accuracy of a sentiment analyzer relies heavily on correctly identifying associations between a sentiment (opinion) word and the targeted mention (token or object) in blog sentences.
In this work, we focus on the task of automatically identifying sentiment-mention associations, in other words, we identify the target mention that is associated with a sentiment word in a sentence. Support Vector Machines (SVM), a supervised machine learning algorithm, was used to learn classifiers for this task. Syntactic and semantic features extracted from sentences were used as input to the SVM algorithm. The dataset used in the work has reviews from car and camera domain.
The work is divided into two phases. In the first phase, we learned domain specific classifiers for the car and camera domains, respectively. To further improve the predictions of the domain specific classifiers we investigated the use of transfer learning techniques in the second phase. More precisely, the goal was to use knowledge from a source domain to improve predictions for a target domain. We considered two transfer learning approaches: a feature level fusion approach and a classifier level fusion approach.
Experimental results show that transfer learning can help to improve the predictions made using the domain specific classifier approach. While both the feature level and classifier level fusion approaches were shown to improve the prediction accuracy, the classifier level fusion approach gave better results.
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Ferreira, Olga. "Modelling of association effects by groupcontribution: application to natural products." Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/2164.
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The design of extraction, fractionation and purification processes of natural products requires the existence of thermodynamic models that are able to accurately represent the phase equilibria behaviour of the highly complex mixtures involved in these unit operations. The complexity of these multi-component mixtures results from several reasons, e.g., the significant differences in size between the recovered natural products and the corresponding solvents and the existence of specific interactions, like hydrogen-bonding.
The main purpose of this work is the development of thermodynamic models that take into account explicitly the self-association and/or solvation effects between molecules and its subsequent
application to natural products mixtures. A compilation on the association theories, its analogies and limitations is presented. The application to multi-component mixtures, for which the available experimental information is scarce, suggests the use of group-contribution methods. Therefore, in this
study, an association contribution based on the first order perturbation theory was developed following a group-contribution approach.
The phase equilibria predictions for these multi-components systems usually are made using an equation of state or an activity coefficient model. Two new models were developed, one for the calculation of activity coefficients (A-UNIFAC) and one equation of state for the calculation of fugacity coefficients (GCA-EoS).
The A-UNIFAC model results from the addition of one association term to the combinatorial and residual contributions from the original UNIFAC model. First, the interaction parameters of the model were obtained by correlating vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE), liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) and infinite
dilution activity coefficients of binary mixtures containing water, alcohols, acids, esters, aromatic compounds, alkyl chlorides and/or alkanes. Significant improvements were obtained relatively to the
original UNIFAC model for the prediction of VLE and, specially, for the prediction of infinite dilution activity coefficients of associating components in inerts. After this, the model was used to predict the
solid-liquid equilibria (SLE) and VLE of mono and disaccharides in polar solvents (water and alcohols).
For that, new UNIFAC groups were defined to represent sugar molecules. The interaction parameters for these new groups were obtained using VLE and SLE of sugar-solvent binary mixtures. Finally, the model was applied to multi-component mixtures of industrial interest, for example, for the prediction of the water activity (in honey or fruit juices) or for the prediction of SLE of sugars in mixed solvents. This
model is quite satisfactory in describing the non-idealities in the liquid phase in a wide range of compositions.
The equation for the fugacity coefficients calculation (the group-contribution with association equation of state, GCA-EoS) combines three terms: a repulsive term based on the hard-spheres theory, a NRTL group version for the attractive term and, finally, the group-contribution association term based on the first order perturbation theory. The association term has been revised to allow the extension of
the model to several associating components, namely, carboxylic acids, esters, ketones in mixtures with water, alcohols and any number of inerts. The results obtained with the GCA -EoS are very satisfactory. These results compare favourably with the predictions of another group-contribution model that does not take into account explicitly association effects (MHV2 model), specially for
mixtures of associating components with inerts.
The fugacity coefficients calculation for the liquid and vapour phases using an equation of state allows its application up to the critical region. The GCA-EoS was used to describe phase equilibria of mixtures containing fatty oils (triglycerides) and their derivatives (fatty acids, fatty acids esters, mono and diglycerides) with supercritical fluids (propane or carbon dioxide). The critical parameters of high
molecular weight components are derived from infinite dilution activity coefficient data. New interaction parameters were calculated between the acid and the triglyceride group. As a complement to the available experimental information, infinite dilution activity coefficients for several solutes in mixtures of a triglyceride and a fatty acid were measured by inverse gas chromatography.
The GCA equation of state has shown a great flexibility to represent this type of mixtures containing polar mixtures with asymmetric components which supports its application in the design and optimization of separation processes of fatty oils mixtures with supercritical fluids.<br>Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal, for the PhD scholarship (reference SFRH/BD/879/2000) and for the financial support to participate in international scientific conferences.
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Björklund, Per, and Vanessa Polonis. "När livsmedel och känslor bekänner färg : En studie om associationers betydlse vid valsituationer." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32146.
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Intense competition in the food sector makes food-product design play a significant role in the consumers' choices. Product design includes a number of parameters among which the product's color is one of the factors that matters the most. Emotions are of high importance when choosing low-involvement products. The above assumptions indicate the purpose of this research that is to examine the meaning and correlation of associations between emotional attributes, colors and food-products, which the consumer subconctiously takes into consideration when choosing food-products. The theoretical framework for the research is based on a number of academic papers concerning emotional connections people have towards colors, as well as emotional connections when it comes to making a purchase. An experiment and a survey among 200 respondents have been carried out to investigate the phenomenon. The food product which became the survey objective was coffee and the studied colors were primary and secondary colors. The result clearly depicts there are associations between emotional attributes and various colors of food products, moreover, that one of the emotional attributes and one of the colors had a stronger interconnection than others. This leads to the conclusion that the associations between emotional attributes, colors and food products help consumers to make choices more effectively. Keywords: marketing, choice, associations, colors, emotions, emotial attributes, product design<br>En intensiv konkurrens inom livsmedelsbranschen bidrar till att livsmedelsprodukters design spelar en central roll vid konsumenters valsituationer. Produktdesign utmärks av ett antal parametrar var av produktens färg är en av de viktigaste. Vid transaktioner av lågengagemangsprodukter spelar känslor en avgörande roll för konsumentens beslut. Detta resonemang leder till denna studies syfte vilket söker att utreda vilken betydelse som associationer mellan känsloattribut, färger och livsmedel har för valsituationen av livsmedelsprodukter. Det teoretiska ramverket för studien är framtagen ur ett antal forskares artiklar som behandlar emotionella sammankopplingar som människor har med färger samt vid transaktioner av produkter. För att utreda fenomenet har ett experiment och en enkät genomförts ur ett urval med 200 respondenter. Undersökningsobjektet i form av livsmedel inom studien blev kaffe och de utvalda färgerna blev primär- och sekundärfärgerna. Resultatet för undersökningen påvisar att det finns vissa samband mellan känsloattributen för olika färger och livsmedlet kaffe och det betraktades att det finns indikatorer som visade på att ett känsloattribut och en färg hade en särskilt stark sammankoppling. Detta mynnar ut i slutsatsen för undersökningen vilket är att betydelsen för associationer mellan livsmedel, färger och känsloattribut vid konsumenters valsituationer är att de hjälper till att effektivisera för konsumenterna att genomföra dessa val. Nyckelord: marknadsföring, valsituation, val, associationer, färger, känslor, känsloattribut, produktdesign
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Khan, Intisar Chowdhury. "Spreads microbiology in association with product matrix, structure and chemistry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28996/.
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The overall aim of this study was to eliminate the root cause of the ‘cheese flavour’ in spread caused by four key microbes Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus spp, yeasts and moulds. The major sources of these bacteria were in the product ingredients mainly sweet cream buttermilk and skimmed milk along with environmental aerosols. The causative organisms were present in about 63% of the products and mainly ‘feed’ on the oil element of the recipe, containing high level C12 that generates the distinctive cheese flavour when broken down by bacteria. The key hurdle factor in spread preventing microbial growth is water droplet size. The spread showing cheese off flavour had a droplet size distribution of 95% <10 micron. To achieve finer droplet size distribution, trial products were made in the Scrape Surface Heat Exchanger (SSHE) over the current churning method with a distribution of droplet size 98% <5 micron. The trial product showed a 50% reduction in the generation of the ‘cheese flavour’ methyl ketones. The Staphylococcus spp cross contamination source where from personnel with direct food contact processing area. Further education on personal hygiene helped to reduce the level of Staphylococcus spp contamination in the product. The trial product from the SSHE was further challenge tested with Listeria monocytogenes over a 10 week shelf life period to evaluate product robustness against microbial growth and spoilage. The organism did not show any growth over the period of time. The liquid phase of the emulsion was further modified with various salts at different concentrations and challenged with L. monocytogenes isolated from various parts of the dairy environment. It was observed that a pH range of 5.5 or lower with added 0.063% potassium sorbate showed significant antibacterial affect compared to the nutrient enriched MPC-broth and the unsalted liquid phase of the emulsion with no added potassium sorbate. To understand L. monocytogenes survival within a dairy process, the organism was further challenged by exposure to pasteurisation heat treatments and the standard CIP cycle of acid and caustic treatment. No recovery rate of the organism was observed. Therefore it could be concluded that the contamination within the industry is more likely to be post process or environmental contamination rather than survival through the plant itself as per RASFF alert of Listeria spp outbreak in dairy. Therefore, reducing the available water in the liquid phase of the spread and achieving a <5 μm droplet size and a finer distribution within the product will be limiting factors to microbial growth. An air purifier system BAXX has reduced the level of environmental contaminants, especially yeast and mould.
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Dahlqvist, Hans. "Fri att konkurrera, skyldig att producera : En ideologikritisk granskning av SAF 1902-1948." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-387.
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The object of my investigation is Svenska Arbetsgivareföreningen (SAF) (The Swedish Employer’s Association) and the concrete questions I wish to raise are: (i) How did SAF articulate their ideal of liberty during the period 1902-1948? (ii) How did they combine this ideal with the demands of an ascetic work ethic among the workers? My ambition with this investigation has been to spread some light on how SAF, one of the market’s most important actors in Sweden during the twentieth century, has combined an alleged strong belief in personal freedom with the demands of adjustment to specific virtues and how the proclaimed freedom has, in fact, been subject to a number of conditions. It would be fair to say that the survival of a market economy depends on a broad foundation of workers that in practice are not allowed to make use of the freedom that they are proclaimed to have in theory. The workers must not only be convinced to go to work but also to work efficiently. If this were not the case, then capitalism, built on competition, would collapse. This is congruent with the conclusions made in my investigation. SAF’s proclamations of freedom were indeed a freedom for the believers; for those who could take advantage of the competition. But for those who did not believe in the system or who did not feel that they could find themselves justice in it, SAF demanded a high moral standard. As a consequence of this we are confronted with the following paradox: Freedom for the rich, morality to the poor.
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Kim, Woo Sung. "Product quality, image, and salient association levels as factors in brand extendibility /." view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3024519.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-163). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Qu, Zilin, and 曲姿霖. "The association between different types of dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206957.
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, currently affecting about 3 million global populations. The incidence of Type 2 diabetes has been increasing particularly in recently developed Asian settings including Hong Kong. Dairy product, as a part of dietary guidelines, has been hypothesized to help reduce risks of Type 2 diabetes. However different types of dairy product might have different effects on Type 2 diabetes given their varying content in fat, sugar and vitamins.
Objective: To review literature on the examination of the association between consumption of different types of dairy products (total dairy, high-fat dairy, low-fat dairy and fermented dairy) and the risk of type 2 diabetes
Methods Relevant studies were searched and identified through database of PubMed and Google Scholar using combination of keywords. Studies examining the association between consumption of total dairy and subtypes of dairy products and the risk of type 2 diabetes were included.
Results: Of the 163 papers identified, 10 studies were finally included in this systematic review. All studies were prospective cohort study from Western countries. Findings for different kinds of dairy products varied. For high-fat dairy products consumption, nine out of the ten studies found there was no association with type 2 diabetes risks. For low-fat dairy products, six out of ten studies found an inverse association after adjusted for confounders like age, sex and total energy intake; among these six studies, three still reported an inverse association after further adjusted for confounders like education level, smoking status and alcohol intake, physical activities and family history of type 2 diabetes. For fermented dairy products (mainly yoghurt), among seven studies which examined this, three studies found an inverse association between yogurt consumption and Type 2 diabetes risk before and after adjusted for multivariate confounders (age ,sex, total energy drink, education level, social class, physical activities, smoking status, alcohol intake and family history of type 2 diabetes, etc) . One of the three studies also found that, other than yogurt, there was an inverse association between low-fat fermented dairy and total fermented dairy consumption and type 2 diabetes risks after adjusted for age and sex. However, after further adjustment, the association became null for total fermented dairy products while it remained for low-fat fermented dairy products. All of the 10 studies that examined subtypes of dairy product also reported total dairy product consumption. For total dairy product, six out of ten studies found an inverse association.
Conclusion: Overall, total dairy consumption might be associated with lower risks of type 2 diabetes, but the associations may be varied by subtypes of dairy products. Across different types of dairy products, low-fat dairy consumption was associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes while high-fat dairy consumption was clearly not associated with type 2 diabetes risk. Results for subtypes of fermented dairy consumption remain unclear. Further prospective cohort study in other non-Western populations may provide are required.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Public Health<br>Master<br>Master of Public Health
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Ruckert, Benjamin. "Search for a Higgs Boson Produced in Association with a W Boson at ATLAS." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-108382.
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Wilson, Jonathan S. "A Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson Produced in Association with Top Quarks." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324333673.
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McKoy, Shahera Diane. "The Impact of Multilateral Trade Association Membership on Agricultural and Food Trade." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29802.
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This thesis models trade flows between countries as a function of several variables, including those representing membership in multilateral trade agreements (MTAs). The objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of trade policies, trading costs, trade agreements and other demographic characteristics on exports of food and agriculture products. More specifically, the paper uses a gravity model augmented with three sets of dummy variables to estimate the impact of 13 trade arrangements on intra-bloc and extra-bloc trade. Results indicate that several MTAs enhance intra-bloc trading at the expense of non-members while others have been successful at increasing both intra-bloc trade and trade with the rest of the world. Findings further suggest that several arrangements had no significant effect on member trading and that a few have effectively reduced trade for members.
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Forstner, Kathrin. "Sustenance, identity and voice : women’s experiences in craft producer associations in Southern Peru." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446517.
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Conn, Jennifer, and jennifer conn@deakin edu au. "Associations between growth and diet in adolescence." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.141236.
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There is much interest in the nature and quality of the diet consumed by adolescents. To determine whether there are significant associations between diet and gain in height and weight in this age group, the present study analysed data on food intake and weight and height obtained on three occasions over a 30-month period from a total of 326 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years. Information on sociodemographic and other lifestyle factors, including an indicator of physical activity, was also obtained.
Energy intake was found to be a significant positive predictor of both height and weight gain. In addition intake of fat, calcium and riboflavin were found to be significant positive predicators of height gain and intake of carbohydrate and starch significant positive predictors of weight gain. After controlling for energy intake only riboflavin approached significance as a positive predictor of height gain. A food group analysis identified intake of dairy foods as a significant predictor of height gain. Although statistically significant the dietary predictors explained only a small proportion of the variability in height and weight (≤3.5%).
Given the difficulties in obtaining complete dietary records from this age group and the generally adequate nature of the diet in the study group, the small proportion of height and weight gain explained by diet is not unexpected. Nevertheless the nutrient predictors identified are consistent with nutrient requirements for growth during adolescence and highlight the importance, for this age group, of an adequate intake of nutrients specifically provided by dairy foods.
Few significant associations were found between growth rates and the sociodemographic and the lifestyle factors measured in this study. The ethnic diversity of the study sample may have contributed to this outcome.
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Candido, Maria das Neves Oliveira. "Associativismo e agricultura familiar: construção de indicadores de sustentabilidade para a associação “Flores da Eva” no município de Rio Preto da Eva-AM." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2014. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/4166.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-25<br>FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas<br>Une organisation de l'adhésion a été un outil pour le rôle des petits agriculteurs en Amazonie, dans les différents segments. Alors qu'il était encore à l'état embryonnaire, la production de fleurs et de plantes ornementales se distingue comme un domaine prometteur dans la création d'emplois, de revenus et de résidence du producteur au sein éviter les déplacements à la capitale à la recherche de meilleures conditions de vie. Cette étude visait à analyser la viabilité sociale des membres de l'association de Eva Flores grâce à l'utilisation d'indicateurs de durabilité avec défilement sur des objectifs spécifiques, à savoir les familles: a) Comprendre le processus de légitimation du concept de développement durable dans la dichotomie entre la croissance économique et le développement, b) Indetificar les attributs de conditionnement de la durabilité des familles agricoles, c) Diagnostic de la viabilité potentielle des entreprises sociales. À cette fin, nous avons cherché à travers la recherche quantitative et qualitative pour analyser la dimension sociale du développement durable. Pour atteindre les objectifs ont été construits des indicateurs de durabilité basés sur des données de l'IBGE qui composent l'échelle sociale, l'utilisation d'indicateurs devrait être la nécessité de faire un diagnostic approximative de la réalité, et de contribuer à la prise de décision concernant les événements ou les tendances futures. Nous avons utilisé la triangulation méthodologique pour obtenir le détail complet de l'objet étudié en combinant les techniques de la forme entrevue semi-structurée, observation non participante, des conversations informelles et enregistrement de domaine. Les données recueillies ont été transcrites et l'utilisation des indicateurs de durabilité des variables qui ont été analysés et représentés sous forme de graphiques avec des analyses respectives ont été créés. A pris paramètres mo indicateurs socio-économiques et co données qui ont permis à la ville de faire une image de la réalité en ce qui concerne l'accès aux services publics et la population locale. D'après les données obtenues, il a été constaté que par rapport à ces services de base ont un degré de durabilité encore loin d'être idéale, car malgré l'accès aux services d'infrastructures rurales de familles d'agriculteurs, il se produit avec parcimonie, en ce qui concerne le degré de durabilité. Cependant, comme les données obtenues au sujet de l'association a été remarqué que l'ingérence de plusieurs facteurs externes (documentaire de la bureaucratie, de soutien technique, entre autres) et interne (participation aux décisions collectives, de disponibilité, entre autres) contribuent de manière significative à pas atteindre un degré élevé de durabilité. Par conséquent, on peut conclure que la dimension sociale des familles agricoles peut atteindre le niveau optimal de développement durable depuis les relations établies sont renforcées par l'association elle-même par le renforcement de la pratique associative.<br>A organização associativa tem sido uma ferramenta para o protagonismo dos pequenos produtores do Amazonas, nos mais diversos segmentos. Embora ainda de forma embrionária, a produção de flores e plantas ornamentais destaca-se como um campo promissor na geração de emprego, renda, e na permanência do produtor no interior evitando o deslocamento para a capital em busca de melhor condição de vida. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar a sustentabilidade social das famílias integrantes da associação Flores da Eva por meio da utilização de indicadores de sustentabilidade com desdobramento nos objetivos específicos, a saber: a) Compreender o processo de legitimação do conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável na dicotomia entre crescimento econômico e desenvolvimento, b) Indetificar os atributos condicionantes da sustentabilidade das famílias produtoras, c) Diagnosticar o potencial de sustentabilidade social dos empreendimentos. Para tanto, procurou-se por meio da pesquisa quanti-qualitativa analisar a dimensão social do desenvolvimento sustentável. Para atingir os objetivos construíram-se indicadores de sustentabilidade com base nos dados do IBGE que compõem a dimensão social, a utilização de indicadores deve-se a necessidade de fazer um diagnóstico aproximado da realidade, e por contribuírem para tomada de decisão quanto aos eventos ou tendências futuras. Utilizou-se a triangulação metodológica obter um maior detalhamento do objeto estudado com a combinação das técnicas de entrevista semiestruturada, formulário, observação não participante, conversas informais e registro de campo. Os dados coletados foram transcritos e com a utilização de variáveis foram criados indicadores de sustentabilidade, que foram analisados e representados em forma de gráficos com respectivas análises. Tomaram-se co mo parâmetro os indicadores socioeconômicos e os dados do município que permitiram fazer um panorama da realidade com relação aos serviços públicos e acesso da população local. Dos dados obtidos constatou-se que com relação aos serviços básicos estes apresentam um grau de sustentabilidade ainda longe do ideal, pois, apesar do acesso das famílias produtoras rurais aos serviços de infraestrutura isso se dá de forma reduzida, com relação ao grau de sustentabilidade. Porém, quanto aos dados obtidos com relação à associação percebeu-se que a interferência de diversos fatores externos (burocracia documental, apoio técnico, dentre outros), quanto internos (participação nas decisões coletivas, disponibilidade, dentre outros) contribui de forma significativa para que não se alcance um elevado grau de sustentabilidade. Portanto, pode-se concluir que a dimensão social das famílias produtoras pode alcançar o nível de sustentabilidade ideal desde que as relações estabelecidas se fortaleçam a partir da própria associação por meio do fortalecimento da prática associativa.
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Davis, Claude David. "Effects of exposure on the printing characteristics of the association product process /." Online version of thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10317.
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Sheehan, Valerie. "Producers of indecent images of children : a qualitative analysis of the aetiology and development of their offending patterns." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1161/.
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The term ‘producers of IIOC’ refers to individuals who create or are involved in the creation of indecent images of children. This thesis is a qualitative analysis of 22 interviews undertaken with individuals who produced IIOC. The production of IIOC is not a new phenomenon. However, producers of IIOC are a group about which little is known, even though they supply a large market. With the advancement of modern technology and the development of the internet, IIOC has become more readily available and easier to produce. Accordingly, it is important to gain a greater understanding of those who create such material in the interests of prevention, child safeguarding and detection. Law enforcement and the legal system worldwide are chasing the ever-advancing means of sexually abusing and exploiting children. Research and safeguarding organisations regularly highlight the exponential number of new IIOC available and the apparent increasing demand for such material. The low-age range of victims of IIOC and extreme abuse being perpetrated have been noted in seized material, and live streaming of child sexual abuse is a concerning development. The participants in this study emerged as a heterogeneous group in terms of social demographics. Their early life experiences were marked by prevalent issues such as neglect, abuse and exposure to violence. A large proportion of them had never had a long-term adult relationship and many others were either separated or divorced. Their grooming techniques were many and varied, and they presented as being able to adapt their grooming process depending upon the environment and victim. IIOC of both known and stranger victims were produced, demonstrating a variation in the relationships between perpetrators and the children who were exploited. The methodology employed to produce IIOC was examined, covering both remote and adjacent producers, as well as those who were covert about their behaviour. The cognitive distortions that supported the behaviour suggest minimising of harm and distancing techniques. The function of the production behaviour was not found to be exclusively sexual and included a variety of other motivating factors, ranging from commercial gain to social status. However, all participants acknowledged a sexual arousal to children. This research has found that the process of producing IIOC appears to be evolving. The advancement of technology, in particular the internet, makes it easier to produce IIOC and share such material with others. As sex offenders seem to be capitalising on new equipment and the increasingly mainstream culture of photographing and recording almost unreservedly, so too must law enforcement and front-line professionals keep pace. Recognising that production of IIOC may be an aspect of an individual’s sexually exploitative behaviour, even when there is initially no apparent evidence, is essential. It appears that it may be an overlooked or undetected area of offending and in turn, not dealt with in assessment, intervention and safeguarding. Future research is advisable to obtain a greater understanding of individuals who produce IIOC, in order to prevent, deter, and deal with the behaviour, as well as to help their victims.
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Johnson, Earl E., and Todd A. Ricketts. "Dispensing Rates of Four Common Hearing Aid Product Features: Associations With Variations in Practice Among Audiologists." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1697.
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The purpose of the study was to develop and examine a list of potential variables that may account for variability in the dispensing rates of four common hearing aid features. A total of 29 potential variables were identified and placed into the following categories: (1) characteristics of the audiologist, (2) characteristics of the hearing aids dispensed by the audiologist, (3) characteristics of the audiologist?s patient population, and (4) evidence-based practice grades of recommendation for each feature. The potentially associative variables then were examined using regression analyses from the responses of 257 audiologists to a dispensing practice survey. There was a direct relation between price and level of hearing aid technology with the frequency of dispensing product features. There was also a direct relation between the belief by the audiologist that a feature might benefit patients and the frequency of dispensing that feature. In general, the results suggested that personal differences among audiologists and the hearing aids audiologists choose to dispense are related more strongly to dispensing rates of product features than to differences in characteristics of the patient population served by audiologists. An additional finding indicated that evidence-based practice recommendations were inversely related to dispensing rates of product features. This finding, however, may not be the result of dispensing trends as much as hearing aid manufacturing trends.
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Vargas, Emmanuel Roque, Montesinos Ricardo Cadillo, and David Mauricio. "Prediction of financial product acquisition for Peruvian savings and credit associations." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656581.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.<br>Savings and credit cooperatives in Peru are of great importance for their participation in the economy, reaching in 2019, deposits and deposits and assets of more than 2,890,191,000. However, they do not invest in predictive technologies to identify customers with a higher probability of purchasing a financial product, making marketing campaigns unproductive. In this work, a model based on machine learning is proposed to identify the clients who are most likely to acquire a financial product for Peruvian savings and credit cooperatives. The model was implemented using IBM SPSS Modeler for predictive analysis and tests were performed on 40,000 records on 10,000 clients, obtaining 91.25% accuracy on data not used in training.<br>Revisión por pares
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Thurlow, Wilson Scott D. "The Canadian Chemical Producers' Association and the role of voluntary non-regulation in protecting the environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39892.pdf.
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Jimenez, Escobar Claudia. "Association of bovine viral diarrhea virus with day-7 bovine embryos produced under different culture conditions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66111.pdf.
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Slaunwhite, Jason M. "Search for the Higgs Boson Produced in Association with a W Boson at CDF Run II." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1232121462.
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Soto, Romero Jorge Mario. "From autonomy to cooperation : insights on three successful micro and small producer associations in Baja California, Mexico." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70270.
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Nilsson, Karolina, Herman Kempe, and Hugo Nyberg. "Brand Image and Social Media - an ever trending story? : A Qualitative study on Social Media and Brand Image of a Brand of Low Involvement Products." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65505.
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A firm’s brand image has to stand the test of time and be durable through different trends and changes, which emphasize the importance of following developments in the marketplace such as the emerging relevance of firm generated content on social media. With attitudes towards a product being lower in relation to the involvement regarding a product, the importance of establishing brand image for low-involvement product brands increases. With this in mind the purpose of this thesis was to explore how consumers’ brand image of low involvement products was affected by firm generated content on social media. This research provides insights on how brand image of a brand of a low involvement products is affected by firm generated content on social media. The study is based on existing research within brand image and was conducted through the use of a qualitative research approach using in-depth interviews as data collection method. The findings of this thesis suggest that consumers brand image is influenced by symbolic benefits where the benefits around the product are emphasized. A pattern could be seen where consumers emphasized symbolic benefits communicated through firm generated content on social media in a higher regard when the perceived functional benefits between brands were similar. This suggests that firm generated content of brands of low involvement products communicated on social media often seem to influence consumers perception of symbolic benefits in regards to favorability, strength and uniqueness of associations which in turn influence brand image.
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Verviers, Claire Juliette. "The Influence Of Sound Properties On The Semantic Associations Of Product Sounds." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612412/index.pdf.
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To be able to design product sounds that elicit a predetermined expression a study was
performed to find how sound properties influence the experience of their expression. Two
explorative studies using figurative against abstract visual stimuli were performed to
create insight in how people experience sounds and to create a list of usable semantic
associations. This list was ordered in 25 expression categories each under one descriptive
semantic association. A third study using mind mapping was conducted to examine what
sound properties were considered as influences on a few of these categories and to
optimize the categorization. The sound properties that were considered as most influential
were sharpness and noisiness. The final descriptive semantic associations were placed
on a scale with the axes unpleasant-pleasant and calm-active. From these the following
were considered to be most usable: activated, angry, boring, calm, chaotic, cheerful, eerie,
energetic, pleasant, relaxed, trustworthy and unpleasant. In a fourth study the sounds of
six domestic appliances were chosen and adjusted for sharpness, noisiness and their
combination. They were evaluated for their valued expression on the 12 semantic
associations by 30 participants. The results showed that increased sharpness elicited a
more unpleasant and activated expression and decreased sharpness elicited a more
pleasant and calm expression. This indicates that a general influence of sound properties
can be established to design sounds for expression.
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Ono, Takeshi. "Functional association between the nef gene product and gag-pol region of HIV-1." Kyoto University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180853.
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Radloff, Peter. "Search for new light scalar bosons produced in association with a bottom-quark and decaying to two tau leptons." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20536.
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A search for new neutral scalar bosons produced in association with a bottom-quark is performed. The analysis uses data acquired with proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV and observed with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to 20.3 $fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The search focuses on scalar boson decays into tau lepton pairs, where each decays leptonically ($\tau \rightarrow l \nu_{\tau} \bar{\nu_{l}}$) resulting in one muon, one electron and four neutrinos. No significant excess is observed and upper limits on the signal strength are determined as a function of scalar boson mass.
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Flowers, Sean Christopher. "Search for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced in association with top quarks in the lepton plus jets channel." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu150043192139632.
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Luna, Catherine Woosley. "Temporal Context-Specificity in Predictive Learning Produced with Visual, but not Musical, Primes." TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3036.
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In this study we investigated whether a musical prime would produce a contextspecificity effect in predictive learning. Participants were divided into six conditions of a spy-radio predictive learning task. The six conditions were comprised of a combination of three primes (i.e. visual, music, or both) and two learning phase groups (i.e. retrieve, default). The primes indicated the type of stimulus used to prime the temporal context for the test cue-outcome association. The learning phase groups indicated which temporal context would be primed. In the retrieve group, learning Phase 1 was primed; in the default group learning Phase 2 was primed. The presence of a temporal contextspecificity effect was indicated by lower test predictive judgments for the test cue X in the retrieve group and higher test predictive judgments for this cue in the default group. We hypothesized that all three types of primes would lead to a significant contextspecificity effect. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the context-specificity effect would be strongest in the both prime condition because, with the presentation of both the visual and musical primes, participants would have more information about the learning phase temporal context to inform their test predictive judgment. The results partially supported the first hypothesis as there was a significant context-specificity effect with the visual prime. However, contrary to our hypotheses, we did not obtain a context-specificity effect with the music prime or both prime. Despite the lack of a context-specificity effect in the music prime condition, a relationship between participant musical expertise and predictive judgment suggested that the music did have an effect on context-specificity in predictive learning.
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Chang, Han-Tien, and 張瀚天. "A Study of Innovation of Agricultural Product of Farmers’ Association：A Case of Chang-Hua Farmers’ Association." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92q694.
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碩士<br>國立暨南國際大學<br>管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班<br>105<br>Changhua City Farmers’ Association is a local farmers' association who has made progress in the eight-year period and has tried to create a greater surplus in the supply and marketing department of agricultural products sales. Although Changhua City Farmers’ Surplus has achieved steady growth in the past eight years, but the association is facing a more and more strong global competitive environment. How the team of the associationan work together to continue to meet the Taiwan farmers' political, economic, educational, social standard functions, and carry out the effective implementation of credit, supply and marketing, promotion and insurance of four business. Looking to the future, Taiwan local agricultural products innovation and development is the most important and most urgent need for Changhua City Farmers' Association to have the management of strategic thinking and positive actions as well.
In the past, the research is concerned with the process of innovation and development of agricultural products, but our reseach is looking into the whole process of adopting any innovation and development of agricultural products. On the whole, the nature of innovation and development of agricultural products has to be done, what can be done in the past, what is now doing, and what can be done in the future, so for the innovation and development of agricultural products in Changhua City, the purpose of this study is as follows:
1. To restore and analyze the innovation and development of local agricultural products in terms of what it has to do, what can be done in the past, and what is now doing.
2. To think and plan the innovation and development of agricultural products in Changhua City Farmers' Association in terms of what can be done in the future.
3. To put forward the practical development of agricultural products and propose the new proposals to enhance the management performance of Changhua City Farmers’ Association
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Flowers, Bradley Alan. "Photochemistry of atmospherically relevant association reaction products." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2421.
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Wu, Sung-Yang Wu, and 吳松洋. "Applying Association Rules for Insurance Products Recommendation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/habbqw.
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碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>企業管理學系<br>106<br>As the insurance industry is facing a high insured rate, numerous insurance companies competing in the industry, diversified insurance products, complicated professionals, high training cost for clerks, difficulty in recruiting clerks, high clerk turnover rate, rising premiums and falling policy dividend rates As a result, insurance salespersons often ran into trouble while marketing their products and failed to be more efficient, timely and targeted to assist clients in recommending and recommending merchandise. Through this study, expecting to help clerks face customers, No longer do blind selling or forced selling. While examining the customer policy, we can effectively understand the customer's intention and preference of purchasing goods, get the best return through the suggestion of the association rules, dig out the hidden buying habits of the old customers and assist the customers to purchase to a more comprehensive protection.
Customers will buy insurance for many reasons, some people may be because of inadequate protection, some because salesman or human relations, different customers will have different insurance needs, understanding of the purchase of goods related to customer factors can help Salesmen face the customer made the purchase of proposals and to help customers financial planning and security planning, so that salespeople can do the re-marketing of the old customers to make policies become customized products.
This study explored which associated factors of insurance products would cause repeat purchase of customers, and conducted practical analysis of various commodities to explore and analyze the correlation between customer purchased goods and customers' repeated purchases in the database. Comprehensive studies include recommendations on the rules governing the relativity of goods sold by life insurers such as life insurance, cancer prevention, medical insurance, residual insurance, major illness insurance premiums, life insurance companies' installment of life insurance, and foreign currency such as savings insurance. Marketing staff can develop a better sales recommendation strategy.
This study uses the information provided by the U insurance brokerage company for analysis. The U insurance broker company provided 48,823 valid customer data for 20 years, and this study drew customers who repeatedly purchased 3-4 policy records, and selected 2,124 pens. The data of 3-4 policies were bought, and 2,124 documents were aggregated into records of 546 customers' purchase policies. In this way, the Aprori correlation rule analysis was performed. The minimum support level was set at 10%, the confidence level was 90%, and the promotion value was greater than Under the 1 , 96 rules of association are obtained and classified into 5 sets of rules in accordance with the commonness of the rules.
Through the 5 sets of rules, the U insurance broker company’s products with the most business opportunities are major disease insurance, followed by disability assistance insurance, and then the deposit insurance is paid once. The above three commodities can be recommended to policyholders according to the characteristics of the policyholders. And if you can sell healthy anti-cancer insurance and savings insurance, you can increase the sales of goods. Furthermore, if a new type of commodity portfolio can be introduced into the insurance market in a project-based manner, it will certainly benefit the general public in the society to form a new target for purchasing insurance.
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Huang, Meng Feng, and 黃孟鋒. "A Study on Product Association Modeling in Collaborative Product Commerce." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41251324866419905828.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>管理科學研究所<br>91<br>In the highly competitive environment, product life cycle becomes shorter and shorter. With the time-to-market requirements and variety of customers’ demands, mass customization has been a new competitive strategy. For this reason, a so-called Collaborative Product Commerce (CPC) system is popular and in great demand. The CPC system bind all of the business functionality and resources together within the entire product life cycle. It is a new category of software and service that uses Internet technology to deliver product innovation at Internet speed and tie together product design, engineering, marketing, and customers into a global knowledge net. It also enables organizations to quick respond the market change in order to keep up with the competition and maximize the benefits.
CPC information system will store a large amount of product data in database day by day. Enterprises can utilize data mining techniques to obtain the useful information. The purpose of this research is to apply association rules that is one of the data mining techniques to analyze the association between product features. Furthermore, this research also applies object-oriented technique of Unified Modeling Language, (UML) to establish a reference model of query of CPC product feature association rules.
In the end, this research cites an example of cellular phone model design to support the proposed argument. The mining association rules of cellular phone featuers can help designers to design suitable products that conform to customers’ demands.
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Wang, Shi-Jung, and 王錫中. "Applying Association Rule Technique to Product Design." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27254500913047505814.
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碩士<br>元智大學<br>工業工程與管理學系<br>90<br>With the help of advanced technology, product life cycle becomes shorter and shorter. Concurrent Engineering (CE), contrast to Sequential Engineering, is a product development paradigm that considers all product life cycle activities at a time to shorten design phase and lower the cost. The activities include manufacturing, assembling, reliability, and recycling. Although CE can condense time-to-market and increases competitiveness of new products, it is found that current CE practice is not enough in customer-oriented, so the design of product can’t satisfy customers’ requirements.
To solve the described problems, this research applies association rule technique to analyze the customer’s preference from different product combination of the market. Meanwhile, since the new customer purchase data occurred constantly, this research applies Neural Networks to integrate old rules with new rules. Proposed system can feedback dynamic market information to the designer so that Quick Response (QR) can be achieved.
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Chen, Ping-hong, and 陳秉鋐. "Association Pattern Mining for Product Specification Integration." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57998501125151932231.
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碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>資訊工程所<br>97<br>Internet shopping has become more and more popular in recently years and is still growing at a dramatic rate. Integration of product information has become more and more important, and attract attention of recent search in information integration. One of the fundamental problems is to integrate specifications for products of the same type from different vendors so that they are described in a homogeneous and uniform way. Specifications for products of the same type from different sellers may look quite different. However, users usually require an integrated view of the product specification available from heterogeneous data sources. Product specification integration is useful for users to reach the goal of advanced search, product comparison, and finding similar products. Integration of them is a tedious and error-prone task, and difficult to automate. We approach product specification integration problem by designing a attribute-based pattern generating algorithm, and view this problem as a classification problem. Unlike traditional approaches using pairwise-attribute correspondence, we take a holistic approach to match all input product specifications by finding patterns of each attribute, learned from a pattern-based generating algorithm. The instance of the test data can be matched by the patterns and find out the corresponding attribute so as to reach the goal of product specification integration.
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Wu, Ching-Jung, and 吳景榮. "A Study on the Agriculture Product District Home To Transformation of Farmer’ Associations ─ A Case of Feng-shan City Farmers’ Association to Supply and Marketing Agriculture Product." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53879424979719460614.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>管理研究所碩士班<br>95<br>In these few years, due to the change and development of the industry, agricultural product and management had also being in a challenge especially the service and management of the farmers’ association. Farmers’ association needs to undergo revolution in the marketing strategy of agricultural product, breaking through the old traditional way of marketing. Utilizing modern and creative thoughts to establish a new market, the purpose of essay is to investigate the function and value of fast express. Furthermore investigation will be discussed on the positive impact of the home delivery could have on the agricultural industry.
This essay has being done from public survey targeted at members and staffs of the farmers’ association. From December 2006 till February 2007,Questionnaires have being courier out and publicly given out with the overall total of 300 copies. 242 questionnaires excluding 2 invalid copies make total 240 valid copies of questionnaires. The valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS, and also various analytical methods.
It was found only 93.3% of the interviewee knows about the home delivery service offered by the farmers’ association and only 57.5% make use of the service. Home delivery must have its unique characteristic which includes on-time delivery, quality assurance, valid date on the product, delivery during holiday and friendly refund service. Factors that determine degrees of satisfaction by the general public are product ordering and service, professionalism and instant, new product release and promise. Complete strategy and suggestions to future application are determined by managing system and policy of the farmers’ association, product unique characteristic, marketing strategy and distribution and internet marketing. Proposing a managing strategy to reinforce the home delivery service (including internet market), establish complete distribution system, product acknowledgment and characteristic and data base.
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Yeun-Wen, Chang, and 張允文. "The Effects of Organization Associations and Product Associations on Brand Equity." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56498416276790853642.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>企業管理研究所<br>86<br>This research discusses the antecedents of inter-organizational management mechanisms fromAgency Theory and Transaction Costs perspective , and takes the re lationships betweenadvertisers and advertising agents for example. In order to construct the conceptualframework including the decision factors and management mechanisms. This research reviewed the basic elements of management mechanisms, Agency Theory, and Transaction Costs Theory. Besides, this research interviewed several CEOs who are responsible for advertising affairs to modify the conceptual framework. The research was experimented by survey , and the finding presents below :First, there are three types of advertising management mechanisms : Behavior management mechanism, output management mechanism, and clan management mechanism. It proved the types of inter-organizational management mechanisms are corresponding to intra-organizational control types.The research analyzed the antecedents of adverting management mechanisms by one-way ANOVA, finding there are five influential factors of advertising management. When advertisers recognizes the high level of the difficulty of measuring output, and agents opportunistic behavior, the advertisers will incline toward using behavior management mechanisms. However, when there are great goal conflict between them or they have great uncertainty in cooperative relationships, the advertisers will tend to operate output management mechanisms. Otherwise, advertisers will build mutual benefits or trust relationship with advertising agents ,when the agents are rare.
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KAO, HSIAO-CHUN, and 高曉君. "Pharmaceutical Product Sales and Customer Association Analysis Model." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gdbg6j.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>僑光科技大學<br>企業管理研究所<br>107<br>In recent years, the medical industry is booming. Although the number of clinics is increasing, the performance of pharmaceutical companies is not proportional to the competition among pharmaceutical companies is getting more and more intense. If you neglect the relationship between the customer and the product, will not be able to grasp the needs and trends of customers, therefore, pharmaceutical companies also need strategic planning and change to achieve the goal of locking customers and selling successfully.
In this study, a total of 10,378 transaction data from January 2016 to December 2017 were analyzed by a pharmaceutical company. Through data collection, data preprocessing, data warehousing, data mining, pattern evaluation, and results display, the data mining process was constructed.
First, establish a basic statistical query trend report through online analysis and processing. In order to further study the implicit knowledge between customers, commodities, seasons, institutional categories, and dosage fields, then, through the correlation rules in data mining technology, we can find out the correlation rules between the customer's and product's and each season's correlation rule pattern, organization type, and product and sales volume. And the relationship between the two doses of product A06 4mg, 5mg and the customer, season, sales, the analysis results will be provided to the decision makers of the pharmaceutical factory for reference.
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Cheng, Chao-Yu, and 鄭超宇. "Data Association Between Engineering Drawing and Product Model." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07625388343237440739.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>機械工程學研究所<br>89<br>The CAD system has recently developed from the simplified 2-D drawing to 2-D drawing coexisting with 3-D product model. Therefore, the data associative system connecting 2-D drawing and 3-D product model becomes more important.
This research presents a data associative system based on feature models. Converted by coordinate system, the product will produce two kinds of drawings: the projection drawings from the solid model and from the feature model. The former is the user-interface, while the later is the data-interface. When users pick the curve of user-interface, the coordinates of the mouse will concurrently identify it with the curve of data-interface, so users can obtain the features of the curve to associate the drawing and the product model. With the capability of auto-dimension and auto-constraint, when users pick and make changes on the dimension annotations of the drawing, the corresponding features of the product model are modified. And after recalculations of necessary information, the product model will immediately make corresponding variations.
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Lin, Meng-Wei, and 林夢葦. "Integration on Kansei Engineering Product Design through Association Thinking." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50632904384115033175.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>嶺東科技大學<br>科技商品設計研究所<br>100<br>The study of Kansei Engineering is widely accepted. However, few of the studies link creative design into the process. Therefore, this study applies the iterative associate thinking to discuss affection. The goal of this study is to discover the form and image relations to employ into the product design. The outcome can stimulate the design creative and idea as a reference. In detail, this study used multi regression (MR) and Back Propagation Neural Network(BPN) to study the relations of forms and Kansei vocabulary. Four sets of vocabularies are used to MR and BPN to attain there differences. The results are : (1)the error of BPN is less than those of MR. Hence, BPN is available for feature analysis on product. (2)The flow type has 0.933 of error which is lower than the rest of other vocabulary. It displays that the form and button type offer good relations. The rest of the factors have little influences. (3) The above mentioned outcomes are based in iterative creative associated thinking to analyze the Product positioning, feature vocabulary, feature association to extract the design elements, images, transforming to build three new design forms. From the questionnaire, we attain that snail type forms that enhance the customer vocabulary of feature.
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WU, SZU-YI, and 吳思怡. "Using Bayesian Network and Association Rule for Product Rcommendation." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52321333868039065579.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>資訊管理學系<br>94<br>More and more corporations are marketing various kinds of products or services through websites in recent years. Their customers can search for information or shop at any time and places through Internet. Due to the immediate purchasing motivation of customers in Internet after being attracted to web advertising, the impulsive purchasing behavior will happen more easily. Hence, if we can actively recommend the products that customers like as they visit our website, companies can not only reduce the customers' efforts when searching for much product information but also raise the sales opportunities of products. Therefore, the recommendation system in e-commerce has become one of the most successful application systems in recent years. In this research, we attempted to utilize Bayesian Network to form a product recommendation system. But, modeling optimal structure of Bayesian Network from existing data is shown to be an NP-Hard problem. For this reason, this research tried to utilize association rules to help establish the structure of Bayesian Network. We expect to improve the weakness of using a single technique by combining two techniques. Especially in the part of Bayesian Network, besides using posterior inference to solve the weakness of association rules, we hope that the corporations can easily observe the purchasing behavior of customers with the visualization mechanism of Bayesian Network. In this research, we combined the individual and the group inferences in the phase of recommendation. We expect the system can not only recommend the related products of the individual customer but also produce unexpected potential recommendation through the favor of the whole customers.
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Hsu, Zhan-Rong, and 許展榮. "Negative association rules analysis by considering substitution relationship between products." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47049497616591914695.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>資訊工程學系<br>93<br>Data mining is quickly developing since mass data are produced in the past century. Positive association rules have been extensively studied in the literature for their usefulness in many applications. Researches also find that it is very important on negative association rules, but few discuss about it. The GPN-algorithm in this paper focuses on negative association rules with a support-confidence framework and the strength of association. It also discusses about the substitution between two products. By using taxonomy tree obtains previously to prevent the association from mining irrelevant patterns from the transactions. The risk valuation measures are also used to identify representing knowledge for users. The experiment results show the explanations on purchasing behaviors of the customers from the real transactional database. Our contribution is offering a knowledge discovering on the substitution between products and find interesting information from real commercial activities.
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Cowen, Nicholas L. "Universal Design Rules from Product Pairs and Association Rule Based Learning." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7964.
Full textAbstract:
A product pair is two products with similar functionality that satisfy the same
high level need but are different by design. The goal of this research is to apply
association rule-based learning to product pairs and develop universal design rules to be
used during the conceptual design phase. The Apriori algorithm produced 1,023
association rules with input parameters of 70% minimum confidence and 0.5%
minimum support levels. These rules were down-selected based on the prescribed rule
format of: (Function, Typical User Activity) ? (Change, Universal User Activity). In
other words, for a given product function and user activity, the rules suggest a design
change and new user activity for a more universal product.
This research presents 29 universal design rules to be used during the conceptual
design stage. These universal design rules suggest a parametric, morphological,
functional, or no design change is needed for a given user activity and product function.
No design change rules confirm our intuition and also prevent inefficient design efforts.
A parametric design change is suggested for actionfunction elements involving find hand
use to manipulate a product. Morphological design changes are proposed to solve actionfunction elements in a slightly more complex manner without adding or
subtracting overall functionality. For example, converting human energy to mechanical
energy with the upper body opposed to the lower body or actuating fluid flow with
motion sensors instead of manual knobs. The majority of the recommended functional
changes involve automating a product to make it more universal which might not be
apparently obvious to designers during conceptual design.
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Liu, Hung-Yu, and 劉泓郁. "Using Fuzzy Association Rule Algorithms to Enhance New Product Development." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96107653364246198325.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>元智大學<br>工業工程與管理學系<br>91<br>In today’s competitive market, consumer-oriented product development should be intensified to meet consumers’ various requirements. If product designers can comprehend the preferences of the targeted consumers, the developed products will be remarkable and popular. Therefore, how to help designer understand and analyze consumers’ favors becomes one of the most important tasks in new product development. Association rule algorithm, an essential technique in the data mining applications, can be used to find out the relation between consumers and products. Although generated association rules can help designers make a better design, most of association rule algorithms cannot generate the rules to reflect consumers’ negative comments. In addition, association rules algorithms cannot handle numerical data. Most previous researches transform numerical data to categorical data in a subjective way. However, the approaches typically result in inaccurate association rules because of lacking an objective process.
To conquer the limitations mentioned above, this thesis provides a methodology to generate positive and negative association rules using fuzzy set theory. First, this research transforms consumers’ demographic and preference data using fuzzy membership functions of respective fuzzy linguistic terms. This approach can improve the inappropriate categorization of numerical data. Then, a fuzzy transaction data-mining algorithm is applied to generate frequent itemsets of consumers’ demographic and preference data. Finally, this thesis adopts positive and negative justification criteria to decide whether a frequent itemsets can be positive (or negative) rules or not. To show the feasibility, this study takes cellular phone products as an example and establishes a fuzzy based product development system. The consumers’ personal data and preferences are gathering with online questionnaires using web technology. Designers can change several parameter values of the system to generate variant association rules. With this system, designers can get more information for developing products that satisfy consumer’s requirements.
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Chang, Chialin, and 張家琳. "THE INFLUENCES OF SELF-CONCEPT CONGRUENCY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION WITH THE PRODUCT ON PRODUCT PLACEMENT." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70519942646748781702.
Full textAbstract:
博士<br>國立臺北大學<br>企業管理學系<br>99<br>While the movie was popular, the product which was used or mentioned by character in the movie would attract consumers to consume it. Russell (1998) figured that product placement will make influence on viewers because the characters described or used it in certain plots of the movie, that is, the movie transferred those using experience. The viewers would be affected by characters inevitably.
In order to know how characters make influence on viewers, we will apply the concept of self-concept congruency and character association with the product to know how characters affect audience memory and attitude toward product placement in the progress of product placement communication. Furthermore, in literature review, the movie liking will not only affect the evaluation of viewers toward the film, but moderate the influence of characters on the viewers probably.
Referring to the recent researches on product placement and considering the essence of variables in this study, we used questionnaire as the research instrument. The college students as respondents watched the movie in the situation similar to theater. Those results will be compared with the earlier researches.
Study findings support that the ideal self-concept congruency affects the evaluation of viewers toward brand and product placement. Actual self-concept congruency affects the memories of viewers toward product placement. The results not only verify the influence but multi-dimension of self-concept congruency on product placement. Second, the degree of character association with the product affects the evaluation of viewers toward brand and product placement, and also, affects the memories of viewers. In addition, the degree of movie liking enhanced the relationship between actual self-concept congruency and attitude toward product placement, and moderated the relationship between the degree of character association with the product and attitude toward brand and product placement.
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Chen, Huey-Yi, and 陳慧毅. "The Association between Expression of Various Gene Products and Tumor Metastasis." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61910988800269597202.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>中國醫藥學院<br>醫學研究所<br>87<br>英 文 摘 要
Objective : To evaluate the patterns of various gene product expression
in stage IB1 cervical carcinoma; to compare various gene product
expression with clinicopathological findings; and to assess their
prognostic values.
Methods : Tissues were obtained from 27 patients with stage IB1
squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix who underwent abdominal
radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. They included
18cases of negative lymph metastases and 9 cases of positive lymph node
metastasis. Expression of various gene products were detected
immunohistochemically using ras p21, bcl-2, p53, and nm23 antibodies.
Flow cytometric DNA analysis and DNA sequencing were studied. The
chi-square test was used to evaluate the correlation between
clinicopathologic variables ( such as tumor size and p53 expression ) and
lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to plot the
recurrence-free survival according to various gene prodruct
overexpression ( such as p53 and nm23 ) in all patients. The log rank test
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was then used to compare the recurrence-free survival
distributions over time between groups with different various gene
product overexpression status. Univariate analysis and multivariate
analysis for recurrence-free survival were performed by the Cox
proportional hazards regression models.
Results: Depth of invasion≧1/2 and ras p21 expression were
significantly good predictors of lymph node metastasis. Logistic
regression results of depth of invasion and ras p21 expression associated
with lymph node metastasis were In (p/1-p) =
-3.1034+2.6670 x depth of invasion + 3.3326 x ras p21 expression. The
recurrence free survival rate, estimated according to p53 overexpression
status, showed a significant difference in 2.5 years follow-up. The 2.5-
year recurrence free survival rates of the DNAindex≦1.3 or bcl-2 positve
and DNA >1.3 index with bcl-2 negative groups were 87.5% and 33.3%,
respectively (p =0.0202 ). The recurrence free survival rate, estimated
according to nm23 overexpression status, showed a significant difference
in 2.5 years follow-up. Univariate proportional hazards analysis revealed
that the siginificant risk factors were tumor size ( 2-3.9 cm ), lymph node
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metastasis, tumor invasion into parametria, tumor invaion into blood /
lymph vessel, p53 overexpression, nm23 overexpression, DNA index > 1.3 with bcl-2 negative, and SCC≧2 ng/ml. The results of DNA sequencing of nm23 gene exon 4 and 5 showed that none of the samples
were mutant type nm23 gene exon 4 and 5.
Conclusions: This retrospective study suggests that stage IB1 squamous
cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix cases with the above-mentioned
pathologic factors are at higher risk of recurrence after abdominal radical
hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Expression of ras p21
may be associated with the biological aggressivenness of stage IB1
squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Bcl-2 expression seems to
be associated with less aggressive behaviour in stage IB1 squamous cell
carcinoma of the uterine cervix. None of the samples with stage IB1
squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix are mutant type nm23 gene
exon 4 and 5.
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