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Peery, Stephen Seth. "Producer Network Effects for Rural Economic Development: An Investigation into the Economic Development Potential of Information Production as a Firm-Level Effect of Broadband Telecommunications in Rural Areas." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32854.
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Broadband telecommunications infrastructure is considered to be an economic development necessity by a significant number of policymakers and economic development professionals, particularly in rural areas. Across the United States, a considerable amount of money is being invested in the deployment of broadband networks based, at least in part, on the premise that economic development benefits will obtain. However, there is a general lack of academic theory explaining the mechanism(s) by which broadband telecommunications can produce economic development results.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of broadband at the level of the firm. It adopts as its central working hypothesis the â Producer Networkâ concept originally developed at Virginia Tech, which suggests that economic development benefits may result from Internet users having access to multiple megabits-per-second of symmetrical, affordable bandwidth. It employs a qualitative grounded theory methodology to identify firm-level effects of broadband use.
The studyâ s findings revealed that a majority of businesses in the case study communities were using much slower Internet connections than had been hypothesized, were using third-party, off-site web hosting, and did not believe they needed â Big Broadband.â Informants to the study believed that the economic development potential of broadband in the short term depended on the ubiquitous deployment of affordable connectivity, and were more concerned with reliability than bandwidth.
The study concludes that the â Producer Networkâ is better understood as a long-term goal than as a model to explain the current firm-level applications of the commodity Internet. It suggests that policymakers should consider broadband not as a panacea for economic development, but as a tool whose potential for impact is influenced by a number of economic, political, social, and cultural forces originating at the community, national, and global levels. Based on the literature review and the field research, it proposes a general model for broadband telecommunications in rural economic development.<br>Master of Public and International Affairs
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Granfeldt, Axel, and Max Nyqvist. "Fostering Network Effects : How to achieve user retention on multisided platforms." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74361.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of how multisided platforms (MSP) could retain different user groups on their platform. To fulfill the purpose, the following research questions (RQ) were derived: RQ 1: How could MSPs design their activities to retain users on the producer side(s)? and RQ 2: How could MSPs design their activities to retain users on the consumer side(s)? Method – This study was conducted as an abductive single case study based on a multisided platform developed within the health sector. In addition, complimentary interviews were conducted to validate and expand the result from the case study. In total, 15 interviews were conducted and analyzed through thematic analysis. Findings – The findings are presented in a framework showing what activities to conduct in certain stages of platform development and is divided between two distinct platform sides, producers and consumers. The different stages are relative to critical mass i.e. how many users the MSP has and shows which activities that is necessary in these stages. Theoretical implication and Practical implication – The study suggests activities necessary for retaining users on MSPs seen to certain stages of development. Additional contributions are (1) in the beginning, MSPs should initially focus on the platform side who provides the most viable product, (2) mass in users is a prerequisite for finding the right matches, and (3) “super-platforms” with many value offerings will be key for retaining users and long-term success. The practical implications are (1) which activities that are necessary on a certain side of the MSP, (2) guiding managers with which activities that are suitable in a certain stage of platform development, and (3) provide managers with the ability to plan future activities. Limitations and Future Research – This study is conducted in South-east Asia which implies that a similar study should be conducted in a western context. Furthermore, it is limited to a single-case study of an MSP, although there were exploratory and confirmative interviews with other companies. Future research should therefore include a multiple-case study to compare how different MSPs work with retention. Lastly, further studies into what critical mass is and how to estimate that, should be considered.
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Liu, Xingjian. "The rise and fall of cities in a global urban network as captured by the locational strategies of advanced producer services firms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648207.
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Ainsworth, Rodney Phillip. "The entrepreneurial playwright : a relational approach to marketing plays in the regions." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/19241/.
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This exegesis examines the proposition that playwriting is an entrepreneurial activity when combined with the role of producer. The thesis demonstrates that, when a playwright combines the two roles and considers the development of a network of relationships in the process, positive steps can be made towards the marketing of a work and the career progression of the playwright. The issues of marketing and career progression are considered in a regional context.
The thesis comprises the creation of a full-length theatrical work through the MA (Research) Program at Queensland University of Technology and an analysis of that journey in the context of regional theatre practice in Queensland. Nicolas Bourriaud’s theory of the Relational Aesthetic is used as a way of charting my practice and of examining how this approach might be appropriate to theatre-making in regional Australia. The paper establishes strategies by which the playwright, when also undertaking the role of producer, might manage the complex set of circumstances and interactions between the work, the community and the industry.
Using practice-led research methodologies, the exegesis examines the process of the creation of a new play, Sinking, and explores, through the use of an autobiographical case study, what the process has meant to the author’s development as a playwright over a fifteen month period. The paper uses a network map to explore the interactions created through a rehearsed reading of the first draft of the play in October 2006 and, in doing so, demonstrates how a close engagement with the community formed the basis of the entrepreneurial strategy.
The exegesis demonstrates that Bourriaud’s work connects very closely with the author’s practice and examines how the approach might be useful for other regional arts practitioners, particularly those in the early stages of their careers. The research aims to identify how the creation of the play, and the subsequent interactions generated within a regional community, can lead to opportunities to create connections both within the author’s place of residence and in broader theatre industry contexts, nationally and internationally, in order to provide commercial and professional outcomes.
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Jraisat, Luai Eid. "Information sharing in an export supply chain relationship : the case of the Jordanian fresh fruit and vegetable export industry." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5076.
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The aim of this research is to develop, examine and validate a conceptual framework, which explains factors of the export supply chain relationship focusing on information sharing in export supply chain management field. This research seeks to understand the dyadic exporter-producer relationship in the export industry of fresh fruit and vegetables from Jordan to the European Union. Jordan supplies very limited fresh fruit and vegetable exports to the European market and the exporter-producer relationships are still weak, which impedes the emergence of a high performance supply chain within this promising market. There has been a lack of conceptual and empirical research on information sharing, which limits the understanding of the business relationship and there is no theoretical framework analysing export supply chain relationships. Therefore, this research examines the possible association between the following factors: relationship, network and transaction dimensions; information sharing; and export performance. A framework for the influence of information sharing on a dyadic exporter-producer relationship of supply chain management guiding this research is developed initially, based on three perspectives: relationship marketing theory, network theory and transaction cost theory. Qualitative methodology is used to achieve the research aim and objectives in Jordan. The research is comprised of two phases. In phase one, seven interviews with experts are conducted to refine the initial framework for key propositions and propose a framework for supply chain management. In phase two, there are ten multiple-case studies, which contain 40 semi-structured interviews, 40 hours of observations and archival records. These cases are primarily conducted with the selected exporter and producer firms in the export industry of fresh fruit and vegetables. Data are collected and analysed, based on key themes and a case study protocol, which individually explore each exporter-producer relationship ―case‖ in order to examine the proposed framework. Finally, the ten cases are cross-analysed to explain the key findings and to match them to the framework in order to validate it as the final conceptual framework for supply chain management. The research findings support the central premise that specific dimensions of relationships, networks and transactions are the key antecedents of information sharing, which in turn influences export performance. The findings confirm that the exporters and the producers are able to support their relationships through the benefits gained from these dimensions at the relationship, network and transaction levels of the export III Information Sharing in an Export Supply Chain Relationship Luai Jraisat supply chain. It is through this alignment that firms create better information sharing between them. Likewise, the findings suggest that firms will be able to gain strategic advantages from supply chain management based on information sharing and its components, namely content, sharing methods, sources and value, thus suggesting that the firms should apply information sharing to improve financial and non-financial export performance. The research makes key contributions to theory and methodology, and has policy and managerial implications. Theoretical contributions are made to the supply chain management literature by providing a holistic framework for supply chain management to understand the exporter-producer relationship. The research expands on the applications of the three perspectives combined and focuses on information sharing as a key factor. Methodological contributions are offered as this research connects the qualitative methodology to the theory, enabling an analytical generalisation of supply chain management relationships by examining both sides of the dyadic relationship to guide their information sharing. This research expands more on the validity and reliability aspects to ensure the strength of this qualitative empirical research. Policy and managerial implications are addressed for managers and policy-makers. The research limitations and guidelines for future research are discussed.
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Chadha, Anupa. "Major Indian cities under conditions of contemporary globalisation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7794.
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This is a study of India's major cities and how they are faring under the conditions of contemporary globalisation. This contemporary globalisation is a part of the economic globalisation that took place in India especially after 1991, when the new economic policies were incorporated. These new economic policies were targeted at making India integrate into the larger world economy by introducing more open trade. The sectors that received major attention under the new policies were industrial and the services sector as a whole with particular emphasis on producer services (banking and insurance). As a result of liberalisation and privatisation of these sectors many new producer services firms came up in major Indian cities. Therefore, the main focus is on the inter-city relations based upon the type of advance producer services firms that are operating from these cities. Also it looks at the nodes that the major Indian cities form in larger world city network.
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Cowie, Alice. "Experimental studies of social foraging in budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6552.
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Many animals are social foragers. Foraging with others may confer a number of advantages, but is also likely to present a number of challenges that are not encountered by solitary foragers. For instance, whilst feeding in a group may interfere with an animal's ability to learn new foraging skills or the location of new foraging patches by itself, it may simultaneously provide it with the opportunity to acquire new skills or knowledge by means of social learning. This thesis addresses a number of questions relating to the interaction between social foraging and social learning using small groups of captive budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus, as a test species. In particular, it investigates the spread of novel foraging behaviour through groups of birds under conditions that either permit or restrict a high degree of ‘scrounging' (food stealing) by naïve birds from skilled ‘producers' in their group (Chapter Three). Scrounging is found to inhibit naïve budgerigars' performance of new foraging skills, but appears to facilitate their underlying acquisition, or motivation to acquire these skills, when the need arises – for instance, when producers are lost from their group. In addition, the thesis assesses the importance of a number of different individual-level characteristics, such as age, sex, and competitive rank, in predicting birds' propensity to behave as producers rather than scroungers when foraging in a group (Chapter Four). The thesis also examines budgerigars' relative use of social and personal information when selecting foraging locations (Chapter Five), and assesses the importance of group social networks in predicting individual birds' order and latency to arrive at foraging patches (Chapter Six). Budgerigars are found to rely on social information when they lack any personal information about foraging locations. When equipped with both social information and personal information, some, but not all birds appear still to utilise social information. Birds' social networks appear to have little bearing on individuals' foraging patch visitation times.
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COSTA, Francisco Mendes. "Pol?ticas p?blicas e atores sociais na evolu??o da cacauicultura baiana." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1730.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-13<br>This thesis is to analyze the role of public policy and social actors in the evolution of Bahian cocoa plantations. In order to understand the significance of social capital in the context of the topic, the research takes into account three variables to explain the evolution of cocoa plantations, public policy, social networking and prices. Through a socio historical analysis, we sought to identify factors that comprised the causes and extent of training for cocoa crop as well as the achievements obtained with the breadth of its economic and social, that stood in the constellation of the most important monocultures the country. It seeks to explain the performance of the Bahian economy was linked to cocoa crop as well as the sustained cultivation of two public policies enacted in 1930 and 1957, opportunities for serious crises of the regional economy. Policies implemented by two agencies, ICB and CEPLAC, taken as redeemers of serious crises of cocoa in times of difficulties the state and regional economy. However, the incidence of witches' broom in 1988 and the consequent lack of an effective policy for revitalization of cacao cultivation has left an unprecedented crisis, combining that between the supporters of the fragility of the situation in the capital region excels as the most important.<br>Esta tese tem como proposta analisar o papel das pol?ticas p?blicas e dos atores sociais na evolu??o da cacauicultura baiana. Com vistas a entender o significado do capital social na contextualiza??o do tema, a pesquisa leva em considera??o tr?s vari?veis para explicar a evolu??o da cacauicultura, pol?ticas p?blicas, redes sociais e pre?os. Por meio de uma an?lise s?cio-hist?rica, buscou-se identificar os fatores que compuseram as causas para forma??o e extens?o da lavoura cacaueira, bem como as conquistas obtidas com a amplitude de sua dimens?o econ?mica e social, que a situou na constela??o dos mais importantes monocultivos do pa?s. Procura explicar que o desempenho da economia baiana esteve atrelado ? lavoura cacaueira, assim como o cultivo sustentado em duas pol?ticas p?blicas promulgadas em 1930 e 1957, oportunidades de graves crises da economia regional. Pol?ticas executadas por dois ?rg?os, ICB e CEPLAC, tidos como redentores das graves crises do cacau em momentos de dificuldades da economia estadual e regional. No entanto, a incid?ncia da vassoura de bruxa ocorrida em 1988 e a consequente falta de uma pol?tica eficaz para revitaliza??o da cacauicultura tem deixado o cultivo numa crise sem precedentes, aliando que, entre as vari?veis favorecedoras de tal situa??o, a fragilidade do capital social na Regi?o se notabiliza como das mais importantes.
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Choudhury, Abhijit Kumar. "Integrated product and its extended enterprise network design using lean principles." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri-Rolla, 2007. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Choudhury_completeThesis_09007dcc8043f64f.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007.<br>Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 26, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-58).
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Mayande, Nitin Venkat. "Network Structure, Network Flows and the Phenomenon of Influence in Online Social Networks: An Exploratory Empirical Study of Twitter Conversations about YouTube Product Categories." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2465.
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Traditional marketing models are swiftly being upended by the advent of online social networks. Yet, practicing firms that are engaging with online social networks neither have a reliable theory nor sufficient practical experience to make sense of the phenomenon. Extant theory in particular is based on observations of the real world, and may thus not apply to online social networks. Practicing firms may consequently be misallocating a large amount of resources, simply because they do not know how the online social networks with which they interact are organized.
The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how online social networks that are in stark contrast to real-world social networks behave and how they get organized. In particular, I explore how network structure and information flow within the network impact each other, and how they affect the phenomenon of influence in online social networks. I have collected retrospective data from Twitter conversations about six YouTube product categories (Music, Entertainment, Comedy, Science, Howto and Sports) in continuous time for a period of three months. Measures of network structure (Scale Free Metric, Assortativity and Small World Metric), network flows (Total Paths, Total Shortest Paths, Graph Diameter, Average Path Length, and Average Geodesic Length) and influence (Eigenvector Centrality/Centralization) were computed from the data. Experimental measures such as power law distributions of paths, shortest paths and nodal eigenvector centrality were introduced to account for node-level structure. Factor analysis and regression analysis were used to analyze the data and generate results.
The research conducted in this dissertation has yielded three significant findings.
1. Network structure impacts network information flow, and conversely; network flow and network structure impact the network phenomenon of influence. However, the impact of network structure and network flow on influence could not be identified in all instances, suggesting that it cannot be taken for granted.
2. The nature of influence within a social network cannot be understood just by analyzing undirected or directed networks. The behavioral traits of individuals within the network can be deduced by analyzing how information is propagated throughout the network and how it is consumed.
3. An increase or decrease in the scale of a network leads to the observation of different organizational processes, which are most likely driven by very different social phenomena. Social theories that were developed from observing real-world networks of a relatively small scale (hundreds or thousands of people) consequently do not necessarily apply to online social networks, which can exhibit significantly larger scale (tens of thousands or millions of people).
The primary contribution of this dissertation is an enhanced understanding of how online social networks, which exhibit contrasting characteristics to social networks that have been observed in the real world, behave and how they get organized. The empirical findings of this dissertation may allow practicing managers that engage with online social networks to allocate resources more effectively, especially in marketing. The primary limitations of this research are the inability to identify the causes of change within networks, glean demographic information and generalize across contexts. These limitations can all be overcome by follow-on studies of networks that operate in different contexts. In particular, further study of a variety of online social networks that operate on different social networking platforms would determine the extent to which the findings of this dissertation are generalizable to other online social networks. Conclusions drawn from an aggregation of these studies could serve as the foundation of a more broadly-based theory of online social networks.
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Wallmark, Toste Jawi. "Product architecture network : representing modular product families for mass customization /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202005%20WALLMA.
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Tan, Min Yan. "Shipboard calibration network extension utilizing COTS products." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44011.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited<br>The feasibility of a concept of operation to reduce the manpower required during shipboard sensor calibration is investigated in this thesis. The proposed calibration process takes into consideration security concerns and the layout of the ship whereby cables cannot be laid across decks and stairways. The current calibration process requires at least two technicians, one to read the sensor information displayed on the Machinery Control System (MCS) located on one deck and another to man the reference sensor installed on a different deck. In this thesis, IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN in connection with a Keyboard Video Monitor (KVM) switch is proposed to transmit the sensor information displayed on the MCS to the technician manning the reference sensor, reducing the required manpower to one. The range and number of repeaters used to extend the wireless network is investigated in this thesis to determine the feasibility of this concept of operation. From the experimental results, we concluded that the proposed concept of operation is feasible for calibration processes that rely on steady-state readings rather than transient responses.
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Lotfi, Saghi. "Implementation of Dynamic Customer Product Information for a Network Router Product." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för Informationsvetenskap, Data– och Elektroteknik (IDE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-16567.
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When a telecommunication company delivers a product to a customer, three main pieces are included: software, hardware and Customer Product Information (CPI). The CPI can be thought of as the “user manual” for the product. The CPI is important to most companies. It is important not only that the final product really corresponds to the needs of the customer, but also that the customer in an easy manner can learn how to install, configure and subsequently use the product. To provide this information to the customer, a correct content and a good information structure of the CPI is crucial. To ensure this, the studied company has developed a “Customer Product Information Life Cycle Process” to enhance the understanding of the customer needs in terms of documentation and training material about the product and comply with customer needs. Part of this thesis consists of a study which makes an evaluation of the development parts of the CPI process. This is done in order to find a method and tool to be able to improve the structure, content and usability of the CPI used in a product called Gateway GPRS support Node (GGSN). The conclusions from the study are implemented with a Content Management System (CMS). One important aim is to use a wiki-type tool where the customer can make local adaptation to the delivered CPI and add information about their own network, configurations and handling; in this way they will be able to make the CPI structure more users friendly and used more efficiently by the customer’s staff. As part of this thesis, a test was carried out to suggest a new model to improve the current CPI model used at the company. The test was based on a methodology, tool-independent CMS called Drupal. Drupal was used to create test documents in the GGSN-MPG CPI environment. The quality of the CPI made with the Drupal tool was examined after the change. The results clearly demonstrate that a new portal platform, based on a Drupal-like tool achieves a far more flexible structure and would greatly improve the CPI capabilities. It is preferable to use a Drupal-like portal platform rather than a website when implementing a new CPI structure.
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Zhou, Feng. "Viral product design for social network effects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53067.
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Recent advances in social media have profound technical and economic implications for innovative design. This research is motivated to investigate social network effects on product design with a focus on the interface of engineering design, viral marketing, and social computing. This dissertation envisions a new paradigm of design, called viral product design for social network effects. The research problem is formulated as identification of both an optimal set of product configurations and an optimal set of seed customers so as to maximize product adoption via online social networks through equilibrium solutions to marketing-engineering coordination. Fundamental issues are investigated and a technical framework is proposed with integrated decision-based design methods. Results of case studies demonstrate that the proposed research is able to bridge the gaps between the domains of engineering design and viral marketing by incorporating social network effects.
The proposed work is geared towards new design theory and decision models by integrating peer influence of social networks, which shed light on understanding the social aspect of design. The dissertation reveals the fundamental issues underlying viral product design, including the identification of viral attributes, customer preference modeling incorporating subjective experiences, the dynamics of the diffusion mechanism of online social networks, formulation of adoption maximization, and coordination between the marketing and engineering domains. In order to tackle the fundamental issues, a technical framework of viral product design for social network effects is proposed. Accordingly, mathematical and computational models are developed within the framework to support 1) latent customer needs elicitation for viral product attributes extraction, 2) customer preference modeling and quantification for product choice decision making, 3) social network modeling for product adoption prediction, and 4) viral product design evaluation by adoption maximization. These coherent models along the technical framework lay the theoretical foundation of this research, as described below.
First, in order to extract potential viral product attributes, latent customer needs elicitation is emphasized. This is because latent customer needs can delight customers unexpectedly, and thus lead to potential product adoption to a large extent. We propose to elicit latent customer needs by use case analogical reasoning from sentiment analysis of online product reviews. A case study of Kindle Fire HD tablets shows the potential and feasibility of the proposed method. The extracted product attributes and attribute levels provide the choice set of viral product attributes.
Second, based on the extracted product attributes, a customer preference model based on cumulative prospect theory is presented, accommodating subjective experiences in the product choice decision making process. Moreover, a hierarchical Bayesian model with Markov chain Monte Carlo is used to estimate parameters involved in the model. Based on the case study of aircraft cabin interior design, the model parameters under different experimental conditions show systematic influence of subjective experiences in choice decision making. Furthermore, a copula structure is used to construct a holistic product utility, showing customers' overall preferences to a product. This measure is crucial to product choice decision making in the context of social networks.
Third, in order to predict product adoption incorporating peer influence of social networks, a linear threshold-hurdle model is proposed. It overcomes multiple drawbacks of traditional diffusion models by modeling activation thresholds, influence probability, adoption spread, holistic utility of the product, and hurdle utility of a customer in a holistic fashion. A case study of Kindle Fire HD tablets demonstrates both the predictive power of the proposed model and interesting results about customers' adoption behavior. This model paves the way for product adoption maximization in large social networks.
Fourth, in order to coordinate between marketing-engineering concerns, I formulate a bi-level game theoretic optimization model for viral product design evaluation, in which the leader maximizes product adoption, while the follower optimizes product line performance. Through social network effects in terms of viral product attributes and viral influence attributes, the expected number of product adopters and the expected shared surplus, resulting from the identified product configurations and seed customers, are proved to be larger than those obtained from existing practice of viral marketing and product line design respectively, based on the case study of Kindle Fire HD tablets. Thus, the proposed paradigm of design extends the traditional boundaries among domains of engineering design, viral marketing, and social computing.
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Kold, Bakkevig Martha. "The capability to commercialize network products in telecommunication /." Sandvika, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/556003810.pdf.
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Zafar, Bilal. "Network Coding Employing Product Coding at Relay Stations." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48942.
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Network coding is a useful tool to increase the multicast capacity of networks. The traditional approach to network coding involving XOR operation has several limitations such as low robustness and can support only two users/packets at a time,per relay, in the mixing process to achieve optimal error performance. We propose the employment of product coding at the relay station instead of xor and investigate such a system where we use the relay to generate product codes by combining packets from different users.Our scheme uses relays to transmit only the redundancy of the product code instead of the whole product code.We seek to employ product coding can be able to support more than two users/packets per relay per slot,while maintaining a good error performance. Our scheme can accomodate as many users per relay as the costituent block code allows, thus reducing the number of relays required in the network. Product codes also offer increased robustness and flexibility as well as several other advantages, such as proper structure for burst error correction without extra interleaving. We compare the performance of such a scheme to the conventional xor scheme and see that our scheme not only reduces the number of relays required but gives improved error performance as well as. Another encouraging result is that our scheme starts to significantly outperform the conventional one by introducing a gain at the relay.
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Northcote, Bruce S. "Signalling in product form queueing networks /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn8728.pdf.
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Wickstrøm, Jensen Kent. "Knowledge-integration networks in product development /." [Odense] : Univ. Press of Southern Denmark, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/518770052.pdf.
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Frels, Judy Kathleen. "Explaining adoption in network markets : the product ecology framework /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Xu, Yuan. "Analyzing Supply Chain Networks for Blood Products." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29787.
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The blood supply chain, starting from the donor until the blood is used to meet transfusion demands of patients, is a multi-echelon and complex system. The perishable and lifesaving characteristics of blood products, such as red blood cells and platelets, as well as uncertainties in both supply and demand make it difficult to maintain a balance between shortage and wastage due to expiry. An effective blood supply chain should be able to meet the demand while at the same time reducing wastage and total operational cost. In order to be cost effective, the related organizations have to decide how much blood should be collected from donors, how much blood products should be produced at the blood center, and how much blood products should be distributed to hospitals or transshipped between hospitals.
The objective of this dissertation is to provide these tactical and operational decisions to guide those who work in healthcare supply chain management and explore new opportunities on performance improvement for an integrated blood supply chain by optimization with aim of minimizing total cost, consideration of transshipment between hospitals, and application of a coordinated multi-product model.
This dissertation presents three multi-stage stochastic models for an integrated blood supply chain to minimize total cost incurred in the collection, production, inventory, and distribution echelons under centralized control. The scope of this study focuses on modeling a supply chain of blood products in one regional blood center, several hospitals and blood collection facilities. First, we develop an integrated model for the platelet supply chain that accounts for demand uncertainty and blood age information, then we develop this model further by investigating the impact of transshipment between hospitals on cost savings, and then we propose a multi-product model that accounts for red blood cells and platelets at the same time and compare it with an uncoordinated model where the red blood cell and platelet supply chains are considered separately.
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Hendrickson, David B. "Computer-Aided Performance Analysis using Product-Form Queueing Networks to Model Steady-State Behavior: An Examination of a Medical Device Communications Network." NSUWorks, 2001. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/580.
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Healthcare information systems share records through common messaging standards and exchange information via universal network communications protocols. This interaction benefits hospitals by lowering administration costs and improving the accuracy of recorded information. This sharing and exchanging of information benefits patients by providing easier access to medical records, enabling point-of-care services, and simplifying retrieval of real-time patient data resulting in better patient care. Bedside medical device data complements the overall healthcare information system by providing a more complete understanding of a patient's health. This dissertation presents a simulation based on a standard network communications protocol for medical devices. This researcher addressed the problem that the use of the IEEE 1073 communications protocol to facilitate communication between legacy medical devices and hospital information systems is not adequately understood. The goal of this research was to further develop the understanding of such a system. The objective of this study was to develop a simulation model based on a reasonable approximation of a hypothetical system to identify the parameters involved and quantify its performance characteristics using real-world inputs.
A model was developed using product-form queueing networks to model the steady-state behavior of a medical device communications system. The simulation model consisted of elements representing both physical and logical resources. Only the Physical and Data-Link Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) layers were considered. System configurations were limited to those defined by the IEEE 1073 communications protocol that support legacy medical devices. The inputs to the model consisted of real –world information compiled from vendor data specifications including physical communication mediums, microprocessors, medical devices, and representative software implementations. The results of the simulation suggest that a medical device communications network employing an IEEE 1073 communications protocol can support a limited number of legacy medical devices assuming a I -limited round-robin scheduling policy with a store and- forward data coherency strategy. However, under heavily loaded conditions, it is inadequate to deliver data generated from periodic multi -class work-loads in a timely manner. This conclusion demonstrates the need for an efficient medium access protocol schedule specification.
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AGUIAR, PAULO MARCIO SIQUEIRA DE. "A PROPOSAL FOR REDESIGN OF THE PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION NETWORK." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7342@1.
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O contínuo processo de transformação do mercado faz com
que as empresas
não pensem unicamente em si mesmas, mas em toda a cadeia
de suprimentos, na
qual estão inseridas. Atualmente, a principal meta é a
redução dos seus diversos
custos de distribuição, fazendo uso de novas tecnologias
ou melhores sistemas,
sem esquecer de manter ou melhorar o seu nível de serviço.
Este trabalho
considera um sistema de distribuição física constituído
por um centro de
distribuição (CD) e 44 furgões. A partir do CD os furgões
atendem diariamente
todos os clientes situados na Região Metropolitana do Rio
de Janeiro. Nesta
dissertação serão examinadas algumas propostas de
configuração da rede de
distribuição porta-a-porta de uma grande empresa
industrial, na Região
Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, para se chegar a menores
custos, desperdícios e
maior eficiência. O sistema atual é avaliado e diversas
configurações de
modificação na estrutura do sistema são examinadas,
incluindo a colocação de um
ou mais depósitos regionalizados, dentro da Região
Metropolitana do Rio de
Janeiro, auxiliando o depósito central (CD Principal), de
modo a reduzir as
distâncias percorridas, reduzir a frota e melhorar o
atendimento aos clientes. Após
a montagem das configurações, são feitas três análises
para examinar as variações
dos custos logísticos, dependendo da evolução da demanda e
de
congestionamentos resultantes nas vias da Região
Metropolitana. O trabalho
conclui mostrando que o aumento de custos das estruturas
propostas, com mais
um único depósito avançado, pode ser recompensado com
ganhos operacionais e
mercadológicos. A consideração de cenários futuros, com
maiores custos de
combustíveis e maiores congestionamentos reforça a
proposta, sem chegar a
viabilizar a proliferação dos depósitos avançados.<br>The continuous process of transformation of the market
forces the
companies to think not only on themselves, but on the
whole supply chain, in
which they are inserted. Currently, the main goal is the
reduction of their diverse
costs of distribution, making use of new technologies or
better systems, without
forgetting to keep or improving its level of service. This
study considers a
physical distribution system that operates with one
distribution center (DC) and
44 small trucks. Departing everyday from the DC the trucks
supply all customers
that belong to the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro.
In this thesis some
proposals for the door-to-door configuration of the
distribution network of a great
industrial company will be examined, in the Metropolitan
Area of Rio de Janeiro,
to reach lower costs, less waste and greater efficiency.
The current system is
evaluated and diverse configurations of modification in
the system`s structure are
examined, including the introduction of one or more
deposits, in the Metropolitan
Area, assisting the central deposit, in order to reduce
the traveled distances, to
reduce the fleet and to improve the customer`s attendance.
After the assembly of
the configurations, and considering various scenarios of
evolution of demand and
increase of traffic congestion, analyses are made to
examine the variations of the
logistics costs. The thesis goes to showing that the
increase in the costs of an
additional advanced warehouse, can be paid with
operational and marketing
profits. The consideration of future scenarios with larger
fuel costs and more
dramatic traffic congestion shall reinforce the proposal
of one warehouse but yet
do not recommend the proliferation of them.
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Dacha, Fred (Frederick Omondi), and Li Jin. "Supply chain network optimization : low volume industrial chemical product." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81096.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-62).<br>The chemical industry is a highly competitive and low margin industry. Chemical transportation faces stringent safety regulations meaning that Cost-To-Serve (C2S), costs associated with products net flow from manufacturers to customers, consists of a big percentage of the delivered product cost. Supply chain practitioners in this industry need to make key logistics decisions to minimize C2S for profitability and business sustainability. In this thesis, we present a network optimization model to minimize the total C2S for SKU-1, a low volume and low margin industrial chemical with a customer base spread across North and South America. We use a mathematical linear program to investigate the effects on total C2S when available production capacities and sources are shifted. We develop the model as a minimum cost flow problem, and more specifically, as a production and transportation problem (PTP). We analyze the total C2S under three scenarios. In the baseline scenario there are three manufacturing facilities in the Midwest, South East, and Europe. In the second scenario, where the Midwest supplier is excluded from the network, the C2S increases by 3%. In the third scenario, where both the Midwest and South East facilities are excluded, the C2S increases by 13%. Under each scenario we calculate the C2S for each individual customer and identify the customers most impacted by the change in supply. Our results provide insight regarding the changes expected to the supply network under capacity constraints and how those changes may affect the profitability of individual customers.<br>by Fred Dacha and Li Jin.<br>M.Eng.in Logistics
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Thakrar, Nikhil. "Network Traffic Regulator for Diagnostic Messages in Modular Product." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-203789.
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The aim of this thesis project is to explore a network traffic regulator using bandwidth management techniques that regulates data traffic with the objective to use the network bandwidth to its maximum capacity while ensuring that the network is not overloaded. The bandwidth in the existing network architecture is shared between two co-existing, distinct data flows for on-board communication and diagnostic communication in an in-vehicle network. The diagnostic communication must not interfere with the more critical on-board communication and it should comply with the remaining bandwidth. In the existing solution, fixed delays are imposed on the data traffic which result in a waste of network capacity. The approach presented in this thesis uses two regulation algorithms for different types of diagnostic services. One regulation algorithm is activated for diagnostic services that require data segmentation and multiple data frames to accommodate the transferred data. This algorithm makes use of the Flow Control parameter Separation Time specified in ISO 15765-1:2011 "Road vehicles -- Diagnostic communication over Controller Area Network (DoCAN)". The other algorithm regulates diagnostic services that generate bursts of single frames where data segmentation is not required and it does so using traffic shaping techniques. The results in this thesis show that the network traffic indeed can be regulated for different diagnostic services by using the two mentioned regulation algorithms. The results also show that data is not lost due to high network utilisation and that the bandwidth is used to its maximum capacity without having to impose fixed delays on the network system. The regulator is adaptive in the sense that it can be used for different vehicle configurations with compatible network systems to ensure quality of service and a robust network system.<br>I detta examensarbete är målet att utforska en metod för att reglera nätverkstrafik genom att använda tekniker inom bandbreddshantering med syfte att utnyttja bandbredden till dess maximala kapacitet utan att överbelasta nätverket. Bandbredden i den nuvarande nätverksarkitekturen delas mellan två dataflöden för onboard kommunikation och diagnostisk kommunikation. Den diagnostiska kommunikationen får inte på någotvis störa onboard kommunkationen och får anpassa sig till den bandbredd som kvarstår. I det existerande systemet införs fixa fördröjningar i nätverkstrafiken vilket medför ett onödigt slöseri på nätverkskapaciteten och som också medför att de diagnostiska tjänsterna tar längre tid att utföra. Tillvägagångssättet som presenteras i detta arbete använder två regleringsalgoritmer för olika typer av diagnostiska tjänster. En algoritm används för tjänster som kräver datasegmentering och flera dataramar för att skicka data. Den här algoritmen använder parametern Separation Time som är specificerad i ISO standarden 15765-1:2011 "Road vehicles -- Diagnostic communication over Controller Area Network (DoCAN)". Diagnostiska tjänster som istället genererar en skur av enstaka dataramar regleras med en traffic shaping algoritm som heter Token Bucket. Resultaten i detta arbete visar att det går att reglera nätverkstrafiken för olika typer av diagnostiska tjänster genom att använda de två utvecklade algoritmerna. Resultaten visar också att data inte går förlorat vid höga nätverkslaster och att bandbredden används maximalt utan att behöva införa fixa fördröjningar i nätverkssystemet. Regleraren är adaptiv i bemärkelsen att den kan användas för alla tänkbara fordonskonfigurationer med kompatibelt nätverkssystem för att försäkra quality of service och robusthet.
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Peterson, Sonja. "Product-form networks of queues with signals /." Hamburg : Univ. Hamburg, Fb. Mathematik, Inst. für Math. Stochastik, 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/268360650.pdf.
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Awwad, Ahmad M. "Efficient structural outlooks for Vertex Product Networks." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400742.
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Ardestani, Arash Khani. "Asynchronous cellular automata - special networks local slowdown produces global speedup." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002814.
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Nilsson, Alexander, and Martin Thönners. "A Framework for Generative Product Design Powered by Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence : Applied on Everyday Products." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-149454.
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In this master’s thesis we explore the idea of using artificial intelligence in the product design process and seek to develop a conceptual framework for how it can be incorporated to make user customized products more accessible and affordable for everyone. We show how generative deep learning models such as Variational Auto Encoders and Generative Adversarial Networks can be implemented to generate design variations of windows and clarify the general implementation process along with insights from recent research in the field. The proposed framework consists of three parts: (1) A morphological matrix connecting several identified possibilities of implementation to specific parts of the product design process. (2) A general step-by-step process on how to incorporate generative deep learning. (3) A description of common challenges, strategies andsolutions related to the implementation process. Together with the framework we also provide a system for automatic gathering and cleaning of image data as well as a dataset containing 4564 images of windows in a front view perspective.
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Hederén, Amanda. "Evaluating material efficiency assessment methods : An assessment of the adaptability to B2B products using Ericsson telecom network infrastructure product as a case study." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231048.
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Unsustainable consumption patterns and material scarcity has been recognised as one of the challenges within the European Union. To change these patterns policy makers within EU are looking towards a transitioning into circular economy. Electronics and manufacturers of energy related products is found to be important actors in this transition, due to the unsustainable trends of consumption and the materials of important contained in electronics. Energy related products are regulated by the Eco design directive (Directive 2009/125/EC) containing implementing measures on energy efficacy. Today the directive is lacking methods for assessing material efficacy in energy related products. CEN/CENELEC was 2015 requested to develop standard methods on how to assess the material efficiency aspects; durability, ability to reuse, repair, upgrade, re-manufacturabiliy, recyclability and recoverability and use of recycled content and CRM content. This study sets out to assess the adaptability of the preliminary publications of the standards on to an Ericsson radio network product. The study is divided into two parts, part one assesses the general and product specific implementation of the selected standard documents. The first parts of this study are document analysis and seven interviews used to triangulate the general opinions on the standards. In part two the study sets out to test two of the methods found in the standard documents. The study found in the collection of recycling data and rates for a small radio network product, the product had a recyclability of XX% and a recoverability of XX% and a time for disassembly of XX seconds using the suggested method eDiM. The findings of this study suggest that these standardised methods are welcomed by the telecommunications equipment manufacturer but concerns on the amount of data required, future purpose and the reliability of the assessment methods still creates worries for the future.<br>Ohållbara konsumtionsmönster och materialbrist har erkänts som en av de största utmaningarna inom europeiska unionen. För att förändra dessa mönster så har beslutsfattare inom EU påbörjat omställningen till den cirkulära ekonomin. Elektronik och tillverkare av energirelaterade produkter har erkänts som viktiga aktörer i denna omställning, på grund av den ohållbara konsumtionsutvecklingen under det senaste decenniet och de viktiga material som används för att tillverka elektronikprodukter. Energirelaterade produkter regleras av Eco design direktivet (direktiv 2009/125 / EG) som idag innehåller implementeringsåtgärder för energieffektivitet i energirelaterade produkter. I framtiden kommer det även finnas implementeringsåtgärder för materialeffektivisering men idag saknas standardiserade metoder för bedömning av material effektivitet. År 2015 tillförordnades CEN/CENELEC uppdraget att ta fram och utveckla standarder för bedömning av materialeffektivitetsaspekterna; livslängd, återanvändning, reparerbarhet, uppgraderingsbarhet, återtillverkning, återvinningsbarhet och användningen av återvunnet material och innehåll av kritiska råmaterial. Den här studien syftar till att analysera användbarheten hos de preliminära publikationerna av standarderna inom ramen för Ericssons verksamhet. Studien är uppdelad i två delar, del ett bedömer det allmänna och produktspecifika genomförbarheten av de utvalda standarddokumenten. Resultatet från del ett baseras på en dokumentanalys och sju intervjuer, som används för att triangulera de generella åsikterna om standarderna. I del två testas två av metoderna ur standarddokumenten. Resultatets av testerna visar att den utvalda nätverksprodukten hade en återvinningsbarhet på XX% och en återhämtning på XX%. Studien visar även att nätverksprodukten hade en tid för demontering på XX sekunder när den föreslagna metoden eDiM användes. Resultaten av denna studie tyder på att dessa standardiserade metoder välkomnas av Ericsson men mängden data, framtida syfte och pålitligheten av bedömningsmetoderna skapar oro för framtiden.
30
Li, L. [Verfasser]. "Logistics Network Design for Automotive Late Product Individualization / L. Li." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1070150142/34.
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Ng, Ping-kit Freeman. "Strategic networks in greater China : information technology product cases /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19908830.
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Khandekar, Sachin, and Aleksandra Titova. "Optimizing the distribution network of perishable products to Small Format Stores." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77466.
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Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-67).<br>FoodCo is a leading foods company that has reputed brands and global operations with revenues in excess of USD 5Bn. Although FoodCo's sales to Small Format Stores (SFS) customers are a small part of the overall sales, it is a fast growing segment where FoodCo sees future. However, distribution to the SFS channel is a challenge - FoodCo needs to ship refrigerated and frozen products to over 40,000 stores through multiple distributors. Furthermore, such stores are characterized by low sales velocity relative to traditional retailers. The transactional nature of FoodCo's supply chain relationship with channel partners creates challenges for FoodCo in influencing key decisions in the supply chain. To tackle the problem, the authors reviewed the literature and interviewed experts and practitioners to understand best practices in Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG) companies across the world serving SFS. Although there were few direct parallels, collaboration was found to be a practice that successful companies employed. The authors also analyzed data including store sales, orders to FoodCo, promotions and supply chain costs, etc. They created a quantitative model that suggested that fees paid out to distributors for their full service are not proportional to the costs. They also concluded that FoodCo's lack of visibility into the sell-through demand made it subject to a strong bullwhip effect, leading to large amounts of inventories and shrinkage. Further, they identified that store sales were scattered geographically and that direct shipments to high selling stores were not possible. Based on the analysis, the authors recommend that FoodCo start collaborating with their channel partners. First, FoodCo could communicate the value of collaboration to its channel partners in order to gain their support. Then, FoodCo and the retailers can share their demand plan with each other, foster collaboration and elevate the manufacturer-retailer relationships to a strategic level. Further, FoodCo could build scale by consolidating volumes through a single re-distributor for channels where the sales volumes are very low.<br>by Sachin Khandekar and Aleksandra Titova.<br>M.Eng.in Logistics
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Ismail, Adiel. "Training and optimization of product unit neural networks." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2001. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07132006-162547/.
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Llerena, Julissa Giuliana Villanueva. "Multi-label classification based on sum-product networks." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-08122017-100124/.
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Multi-label classification consists of learning a function that is capable of mapping an object to a set of relevant labels. It has applications such as the association of genes with biological functions, semantic classification of scenes and text categorization. Traditional classification (i.e., single-label) is therefore a particular case of multi-label classification in which each object is associated with exactly one label. A successful approach to constructing classifiers is to obtain a probabilistic model of the relation between object attributes and labels. This model can then be used to classify objects, finding the most likely prediction by computing the marginal probability or the most probable explanation (MPE) of the labels given the attributes. Depending on the probabilistic models family chosen, such inferences may be intractable when the number of labels is large. Sum-Product Networks (SPN) are deep probabilistic models, that allow tractable marginal inference. Nevertheless, as with many other probabilistic models, performing MPE inference is NP- hard. Although, SPNs have already been used successfully for traditional classification tasks (i.e. single-label), there is no in-depth investigation on the use of SPNs for Multi-Label classification. In this work we investigate the use of SPNs for Multi-Label classification. We compare several algorithms for learning SPNs combined with different proposed approaches for classification. We show that SPN-based multi-label classifiers are competitive against state-of-the-art classifiers, such as Random k-Labelsets with Support Vector Machine and MPE inference on CutNets, in a collection of benchmark datasets.<br>A classificação Multi-Rótulo consiste em aprender uma função que seja capaz de mapear um objeto para um conjunto de rótulos relevantes. Ela possui aplicações como associação de genes com funções biológicas, classificação semântica de cenas e categorização de texto. A classificação tradicional, de rótulo único é, portanto, um caso particular da Classificação Multi-Rótulo, onde cada objeto está associado com exatamente um rótulo. Uma abordagem bem sucedida para classificação é obter um modelo probabilístico da relação entre atributos do objeto e rótulos. Esse modelo pode então ser usado para classificar objetos, encon- trando a predição mais provável por meio da probabilidade marginal ou a explicação mais provavél dos rótulos dados os atributos. Dependendo da família de modelos probabilísticos escolhidos, tais inferências podem ser intratáveis quando o número de rótulos é grande. As redes Soma-Produto (SPN, do inglês Sum Product Network) são modelos probabilísticos profundos, que permitem inferência marginal tratável. No entanto, como em muitos outros modelos probabilísticos, a inferência da explicação mais provavél é NP-difícil. Embora SPNs já tenham sido usadas com sucesso para tarefas de classificação tradicionais, não existe investigação aprofundada no uso de SPNs para classificação Multi-Rótulo. Neste trabalho, investigamos o uso de SPNs para classificação Multi-Rótulo. Comparamos vários algoritmos de aprendizado de SPNs combinados com diferentes abordagens propostos para classi- ficação. Mostramos que os classificadores Multi-Rótulos baseados em SPN são competitivos contra classificadores estado-da-arte, como Random k-Labelsets usando Máquinas de Suporte Vetorial e inferência exata da explicação mais provavél em CutNets, em uma coleção de conjuntos de dados de referência.
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Bassayannis, Christos. "Interaction effects on product development networks in China." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2013. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/11994/.
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The purpose of this research is to contribute to the understanding of product development processes within dispersed business-to-business networks that involve business actors in China. This research investigates how these processes initiate and evolve in a dynamic environment. More specifically, it examines the impact of culture in terms of interpersonal interactive relationships on the formation and development of product development processes. It investigates what is in the shadow of direct resource interface development and explains that an analysis of relationship processes in China can be inspirational for theoretical developments. The Actors-Resources-Activities (ARA) model of interaction (Hakansson & Snehota 1995) of the business network paradigm is employed to analyse relationship patterns in low, medium and high-tech product development networks, in terms of actor bonds, resource ties and activity links. Although analyses of the case studies show that there seem to be difficulties for the ARA model to capture and interpret what is in the ‘shadow’ of direct business interaction processes in China, the main solution is drawn from acknowledging the significance of both the business network and the guanxi network approaches as parallel mechanisms or cross-cutting patterns of explaining evolution of business relationships. This research highlights how an Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) approach can be useful to interpret interaction processes in China and argues that the business network approach and IMP thinking, in general, can be enriched by accounting for the empirical phenomenon of guanxi, which manifests in both business and non-business interactive processes. Guanxi networks take on a new perspective as they are viewed and analysed from a dynamic lens under product development contexts. In particular, the emergence and refinement of the concept of guanxi as ‘process of interaction’ or ‘process of organization’ has been a crucial element in the development of IMP thinking. Managerial lessons are drawn by analysing how actors’ interactions influence product and technology co-creation, and how business actors nurture, develop and maintain relationships in China. Findings show that non-business interactive processes at the interpersonal network level influence significantly the formation of activity links, resource interfaces and actor bonds at the inter-organisational level. Hence, accounting for non-business interaction and the socio-cultural features in nurturing, developing and maintaining relationships offers a complimentary approach to contemporary business network research practice.
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Kohl, Martina. "Social networks as glocal products: The case of Facebook." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9815.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>The appropriateness of following a globally standardized or locally adapted strategy in global marketing has been subject of an on-going debate for several decades. However, little research exists of how to follow standardization and adaptation (s/a) simultaneously and to take advantage of both strategies, in brief how to follow a GloCal approach. Thus, the purpose of this case study is to generate theoretical insights of how to follow a GloCal strategy, based on the case of Facebook.
After reviewing critical points of current knowledge in the field of s/a, qualitative research via open-ended in-depth interviews from a sample of Facebook users from 16 different countries was conducted. The outcome supports that common needs and individual usage behavior of Facebook users favor a strategy that is simultaneously standardized and adapted, within different aspects of the product element. Results are presented narratively intertwined with theory and prior study results. Findings reveal that Facebook is following a GloCal approach. By abstracting from the case of Facebook to a general level theoretical insights are gained of how to follow s/a simultaneously. This work contributes to existing theory, since it is a starting point to close the research gap of how to follow s/a simultaneously in international marketing. Additionally, it exhibits the significance and importance of the GloCal approach. Regarding practitioners this work provides guidance on how to create synergies, while considering differences within their international marketing strategies.
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Ma, Jian James. "People, Processes, and Products: Case Studies in Open-Source Software Using Complex Networks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/217072.
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Open-source software becomes increasingly popular nowadays. Many startup companies and small business owners choose to adopt open source software packages to meet their daily office computing needs or to build their IT infrastructure. Unlike proprietary software systems, open source software systems usually have a loosely-organized developer collaboration structure. Developers work on their "assignments" on a voluntary basis. Many developers do not physically meet their "co-workers." This unique developer collaboration pattern leads to unique software development process, and hence unique structure of software products. It is those unique characteristics of open source software that motivate this dissertation study. Our research follows the framework of the four key elements of software engineering: Project, People, Process and Product (Jacobson, Booch et al. 1999). This dissertation studies three of the four P's: People, Process and Product. Due to the large sizes and high complexities of many open source software packages, the traditional analysis methods and measures in software engineering can not be readily leveraged to analyze those software packages. In this dissertation, we adopt complex network theory to perform our analysis on open source software packages, software development process, and the collaboration among software developers. We intend to discover some common characteristics that are shared by different open source software packages, and provide a possible explanation of the development process of those software products. Specifically we represent real world entities, such as open source software source code or developer collaborations, with networks composed of inter-connected vertices. We then leverage the topological metrics that have been established in complex network theory to analyze those networks. We also propose our own random network growth model to illustrate open source software development processes. Our research results can be potentially used by software practitioners who are interested to develop high quality software products and reduce the risks in the development process. Chapter 1 is an introduction of the dissertation's structure and research scope. We aim at studying open source software with complex networks. The details of the 4-P framework will be introduced in that chapter. Chapter 2 analyzes five C-language based open source software packages by leveraging function dependency networks. That chapter calculates the topological measures of the dependency networks extracted from software source code. Chapter 3 analyzes the collaborative relationship among open source software developers. We extract developer's co-working data out of two software bug fixing data sets. Again by leveraging complex network theory, we find out a number of topological characteristics of the software developer networks, such as the scale-free property. We also realize the topological differences between from the bug side and from the developer side for the extracted bipartite networks. Chapter 4 is to compare two widely adopted clustering coefficient definitions, the one proposed by Watts and Strogatz, the other by Newman. The analytical similarities and differences between the two clustering coefficient definitions provide useful guidance to the proposal of the random network growth model that is presented in the next chapter. Chapter 5 aims to characterize the open source software development process. We propose a two-phase network growth model to illustrate the software development process. Our model describes how different software source code units interconnect as the size of the software grows. A case study was performed by using the same five open source software packages that have been adopted in Chapter 2. The empirical results demonstrate that our model provides a possible explanation on the process of how open source software products are developed. Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation and highlights the possible future research directions.
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Laws, Richard, and Ni Mo. "Product & Pricing Standardization within the Global Mobile Network Operator Industry." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19976.
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Aim: This study focuses on the degree to which mobile network operators standardize or adapt their product and pricing strategies amongst their foreign subsidiaries. Method: 10 mobile network operators with large overseas business investments and 70 of their foreign majority-owned subsidiaries are included in this empirical analysis. Variables related to data, SMS, Voice, and other relevant variables, are selected to represent ‘product’ marketing characteristics; and number of plans and specific price points across three ‘price baskets’ to represent ‘price’ marketing. Results & Conclusion: MNOs exhibited a moderate degree of standardization in terms of product design, with a lesser degree of standardization for price. Standardization scores were highly positively correlated to subsidiary operations in markets within the same region and level of economic development as the domestic market. There is also a notable clustering of marketing approaches in the Sub-Saharan African region. Implications: Existing research on standardization is reinforced by these results. Future research on the MNO industry, if global in nature, will need to account for the large degree of differences between markets. If focused on specific regions, studies can proceed on the basis of similarity in marketing strategies. Contribution: This is the most recent quantitative study on standardization in the MNO industry carried out in the last 10 years. Since that time the industry has also undergone significant changes.
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Iskanius, P. (Päivi). "An agile supply chain for a project-oriented steel product network." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514281489.
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Abstract
Agility – namely, the ability of a supply chain to rapidly respond to changes in market and customer demands – is regarded as the bearer of competitive advantage in today's business world. The need for agility has traditionally been associated with supply chains in high technology industry products. However, traditional industries also face similar challenges in terms of speed, flexibility, increased product diversity and customization. This study contributes to the discussion on agility in supply chain management (SCM) and provides a novel focus on the development of an agile supply chain in a traditional industry.
The object of this study is the development of an agile supply chain in a steel product network in the Raahe area in Northern Finland. The case network is undergoing a shift towards project-oriented business, where quick responses are the priority and agility is recognised as the facilitating factor. Using a constructive approach, an agile supply chain for a steel product network, SteelNet system, is developed. SteelNet system functions through the Internet and agent software technology. In identifying the new challenges raised by advanced information and communication technologies (ICT) in the development of an agile supply chain, the study presents some valuable ICT options for SCM. Following a review of the current understanding of agility in SCM literature, the study identifies the key elements of agile supply chains and proposes a four-dimensional agile supply chain framework by which to assess levels of agility. Using the framework, the study describes how the key elements appear in the case network. The study assesses the change process, and the necessary improvement steps, towards agility.
It is concluded that agile supply chains have a major role also in traditional industry, and comprehensive implementation of ICT throughout the chain is of utmost importance in the development of an agile supply chain. Further insights to the discussion on agility are provided, and these and the conclusions extend a drawbridge to other companies and business networks in traditional industry to consider the clear advantages to developing their own agile supply chains.
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Rezk, Rasha Saber Mahmoud. "Exploring the constraining influence of product attributes on value network configuration and dispersion." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708854.
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LaCugna, Joseph. "Using knowledge networks to establish scientific and technical leadership in emerging product-markets /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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VIDAL, AMERICO ARIEL RUBIN DE CELIS. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE INTERFERENCE PRODUCED BY VSAT/MF-TDMA SATELLITE NETWORKS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30550@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>Neste trabalho é desenvolvido um modelo matemático para descrever o comportamento estatístico da interferência produzida por redes VSAT/MFTDMA. O modelo proposto é utilizado para avaliar a interferência produzida pelos lances de subida de enlaces VSAT/MF-TDMA em enlaces de uma outra rede que utiliza um satélite vizinho. No modelo proposto, expressões analíticas foram desenvolvidas para levar em conta os efeitos de variações nas potências transmitidas, nos tamanhos das antenas e nos erros de apontamento
das antenas transmissoras. As posições geográficas das estações terrenas são modeladas por processos pontuais de Poisson, bi-dimensionais. O modelo proposto é suficientemente geral para acomodar outros tipos de processos pontuais, além de situações envolvendo áreas de serviço contendo múltiplos tipos de distribuição geográfica das estações terrenas. Resultados numéricos obtidos com o modelo proposto são comparados àqueles baseados em valores reais de parâmetros (e.g. localização das estações terrenas, tamanhos de antenas e potências de transmissão) que foram fornecidos por um operador brasileiro de satélites.<br>In this work a mathematical model to describe the statistical behavior of the interference produced by VSAT/MF-TDMA networks is developed. The model is used to assess the interference produced by the uplinks of a VSAT/MF-TDMA network into links of a network that uses a neighboring satellite. In the proposed model, analytical expressions were developed to account for the effects of the varying transmitting powers, antenna sizes, and transmitting antenna pointing errors. The earth station locations are modeled by a two dimensional Poisson point process. The model is general enough to accommodate other types of point processes and can be applied to situations involving service areas containing multiple types of earth station geographical distribution. Numerical results obtained with the proposed model are compared to those based on the actual parameters values (e.g. earth station locations, antenna sizes and transmitting powers) which were provided by a Brazilian satellite operator.
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Iusakul, Nattakan, and 楊丹桂. "The Study of How to Take User Generated Content as Firm’s Producer Generated Content—Developing the Diagnostic Metrics through Social Network Analysis." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xdkv56.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>國際企業學系碩士班<br>106<br>Product-related information generated from both marketers and consumers flow freely on the internet, it is persistent and accessible through various channels, conjunction with consumers rely highly on opinion leader and other peer consumers’ opinion and recommendation, these phenomena formed the powerful impact of brand-related user-generated content on product consideration and consumers’ purchase decision.
According to UGC contains two major elements that affect information adoption, which are information quality and source credibility, therefore firms should be savvy to exploit those free marketing contents generated by their consumer as the firms’ producer-generated content effectively.
In Twitter, the message or tweet is conveyed to the audience instantly and its basic features allow other users to interact with that tweet, therefore the participant with a large number of followers possesses the ability of information diffusion to massive recipients and tends to receive a high level of engagement. The conceptual model of UGC transformation to PGC process retrieved from the empirical study is developed, then NodeXL and social network analysis method are applied to investigate the effect of diagnostic metrics on the UGC transformation process.
The valuable evidences obtained from this study, not only answered the research questions but also demonstrate the pattern of practical marketing practice that any practitioners or firm can adopt in order to improve their online marketing performance
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Moura, Inês Marques Farinha. "Quais os fatores de sucesso de produção de um festival?: Uma análise de caso do festival MIL - Lisbon International Music Network." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21333.
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O ser humano encontra formas de assinalar eventos importantes na sua vida, como por exemplo os aniversários. Todos sentimos a necessidade de assinalar acontecimentos importantes para nós. Os eventos comemorativos são parte integrante da nossa cultura e proporcionam momentos de lazer, de convívio e partilha de ideias.
O setor cultural tem vindo a desenvolver-se, verificando-se um crescimento nas receitas que tem gerado. O número de festivais também tem vindo a aumentar e, de um modo geral, identifica-se uma rotina de trabalho/lazer cada vez mais presente na vida social da população, havendo uma adesão cada vez maior a eventos deste género. O governo apoia e promove eventos com o intuito estratégico de contribuir para o desenvolvimento económico e várias empresas veem os eventos como elementos-chave para as suas estratégias de marketing e promoção de imagem.
A presente Dissertação de Mestrado tem como objetivo compreender como organizar um evento como o MIL – Lisbon International Music Network, que é um festival e convenção com foco na divulgação e internacionalização da música e na abertura de novos mercados.
Assim, exploram-se todas as componentes necessárias para a organização de um evento – planeamento, recursos, avaliação, entre outras –, perceber, efetivamente, quais as principais funções do departamento da produção e qual a melhor forma de as desempenhar. Recorre-se ao MIL como caso de estudo desta investigação e verifica-se se o festival se rege pelos métodos apresentados. Para tal, é utilizada a metodologia qualitativa de recolha de análise de dados, assente na observação participante e na entrevista semiestruturada.<br>The human being finds ways to mark important events in his life, such as birthdays. We all feel the need to point out important events for us. Commemorative events are an integral part of our culture and provide moments of leisure, socializing and sharing ideas.
The cultural sector has been developing, with an increase in the revenues it has generated. The number of festivals has also been increasing and, in general, identifying whether a work/leisure routine is increasingly present in the social life of the population, with an increasing adherence to events of this kind. The government supports and promotes events with the strategic aim of contributing to economic development and several companies see events as key elements for their marketing and image promotion strategies.
This Master's Thesis aims to understand how to organize an event like MIL – Lisbon International Music Network, which is a festival and convention focused on the dissemination and internationalization of music and the opening of new markets.
Thus, all the necessary components for the organization of an event are explored – planning, resources, evaluation, among others –, to understand, effectively, what are the main functions of the production department and how best to perform them. MIL is used as a case study of this investigation and it is verified whether the festival is governed by the methods presented. To this end, the qualitative methodology for collecting data analysis is used, based on participant observation and semi-structured interview.
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Chang, Yao-Chung, and 張耀中. "Pricing Strategies of Network Products with Regards to Product Diffusion and Critical Mass." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90792306992970529440.
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碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>企業管理學系<br>99<br>Diffusion model and network externalities have existed for a period of time in academic field, most of the research topics on diffusion model are concentrated on product diffusion process and timing of introduction of next generation’s product on to the market. To our understanding, there is no prior study that focuses on pricing strategies for profit maximization with regards to product’s critical mass. In this study we have constructed a diffusion model based on Bass diffusion model that can formulate a two stage pricing strategy during product’s diffusion process before and after critical mass is reached. Results from this research could help firms in determining the optimal pricing discount percentage during the first stage of product diffusion to ensure profit maximization throughout the entire product life cycle.
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YEH, HSI-CHUAN, and 葉錫全. "Product Introduction with Network Externalities." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99766016911851576336.
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Wang, Cing-Mao, and 王清茂. "New Product Preannouncement Strategy for Product with Network Externality." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48835143951531283511.
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碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>企業管理學系<br>98<br>New product preannouncement is a very common strategic instrument in the high technology market. Especially, the firm has more incentives for preannouncement in the network market in order to entry deterrence by delaying consumers’ purchase decisions and restraining rival firm’s to build the installed base. The consumers’ purchase decisions have a significant influence on the firms’ market share and profits. We analyze the effects of how preannouncement affects the consumers’ purchase decisions and the firms’ profits by constructing a two-period model to capture the dynamics of preannouncing. We are interested in which situations whether the preannouncement is the optimal strategy for the firms. Comparison with the existing literatures, which define new product preannouncement as a signal to inform consumers and competitors about their future release data, we define new product preannouncement as a signal about the preannouncing firm’s future available quality and assume that the consumers are fulfilled expectation in the network market. In our model, two firms compete across two periods. In the first period only the incumbent exists, the market is monopoly; in the second period, the entrant enters and the market becomes oligopoly. Two firms competing in the market depend on their quality and network size. However, the preannouncement may make current product become useless and induce consumers wait until next period. By comparing profits of two competing firms in each situation, we can find the optimal strategy for the firms. We discuss two situations: the incumbent launches its new product preannouncement or the entrant launches. In the former situation, if quality of the incumbent was inferior to the entrant in the second period, the incumbent would suffer “penalty” and lose significant profits, so the optimal strategy for the incumbent is not preannounce; in contrast, if quality of the incumbent was superior to the entrant, the incumbent would gain most profits in the second period and the optimal strategy for the incumbent is preannounce. The preannouncement launched by the entrant has similar consequences.
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Chan, Ya-Yuan, and 詹雅媛. "Vertical Product Differentiation with Network Externalities." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x8qkns.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>經濟學研究所<br>106<br>This paper builds a duopoly model with network externality and vertical product differentiation to examine the effects of network externality on the product quality, network size and the profits of high- and low-quality firms under different types of competition. The results indicate that, under price competition, when network externality increases, the low-quality firm lowers its product quality while the high-quality firm first decreases and then increases its product quality. By contrast, under quantity competition, the low-quality firm lowers its product quality while the high-quality firm increases its product quality.
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Chi-Hui, Yang, and 楊志輝. "Applying Bayesian Network in Product Recommendation." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31600794653805699147.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>資訊管理系所<br>99<br>In recent years, consumers changed their shopping behavior gradually. They don’t limit to the physical store to buy but spend more time and money on the e-stores. More and more consumers change their consumption patterns by online shopping to replace the traditional way. Therefore, recommendation system is getting more and more popular in e-stores, because it can assist consumers shopping. In this research, we use an easy way to collect consumer-related data and combined Bayesian Network to build a product recommendation system. We tried to combine innovativeness and Bayesian Network to reduce the complexity on building of recommendation system. We also use acceptance of innovation and internet shopper lifestyle to evaluate their impacts on the attitude and behavior intention of recommendation systems. The results show that our Bayesian based recommendation system has good precision on recommending results.
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Long-Sheng, Tseng. "Product Reliability Prediction by Using Neural Network." 2004. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0009-0112200611332205.
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