Relevant bibliographies by topics / Product-related services

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Product-related services'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Product-related services"

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Gebauer, Heiko, Regine Krempl, Elgar Fleisch, and Thomas Friedli. "Innovation of product‐related services." Managing Service Quality: An International Journal 18, no. 4 (July 11, 2008): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09604520810885626.

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Avadikyan, Arman, Stéphane Lhuillery, and Syoum Negassi. "Technological innovation, organizational change, and product-related services." M@n@gement 19, no. 4 (2016): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mana.194.0277.

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Makus, Larry D., John C. Foltz, Joseph F. Guenthner, and Robert R. Tripepi. "Product and Service Attributes Related to Marketing Nursery Stock." HortTechnology 2, no. 4 (October 1992): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.2.4.483.

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Survey data from 3 11 garden centers, landscapers, and combined garden center/landscaping firms in selected western United States trade centers were analyzed. Results identified important product and service attributes used in respondent decisions to purchase nursery stock. In general, product characteristics were ranked higher than supplier services. The highest-ranked product characteristics included plants free of insects and disease, properly dug and handled container or balled and burlapped stock, properly dug and handled bare root stock, and plants available when needed. However, several additional product characteristics received high rankings. The highest-ranked service was supplier knowledgeable about plant materials. A χ2 analysis was conducted to segment this market on the basis of firm size, business type, and geographic location. Results indicated there were limited between-group differences to use in segmenting the market on the basis of size, business type, or location.
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Winarno, Agung, and Meisa Isnaini. "Meningkatkan Kualitas Waktu Pelayanan Administrasi Kantor Desa dengan Pemanfaatan Microsoft Access Berjaringan LAN (Local Area Network)." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpkm.36685.

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The application product for village office administration services using Microsoft Access with LAN networks is the result of research related to the need of excellent service for correspondences at the village office. Product development has ten stages, which are the analysis of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revisions, product trials, product revisions, product trials after revision, product revisions, and final production. The results of the product validation indicate that this application is feasible to use. The results of the use of the product indicate that the majority of respondents (village officials) stated that the application system of Microsoft Access-based village administration using LAN networks is very helpful in improving the quality of correspondence services in village offices, especially related to the writing of an inbox agenda book, an outgoing agenda book, letter making. and disposition.Keywords: service applications; service quality; village administration.
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He, Dan Dan, Fang Qin, and Can Wang. "Application of Cloud Counting in Product Platform Design Services Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 1765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.1765.

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Product platform is a key theory in mass customization method, and it can satisfy diversely customer needs at high efficiency service and reduce enterprise product development costs. This dissertation explores the product platform development routing and design ability service and resources virtualization and other key technologies in the migration process of product platform to cloud platform in the background of computing clouds technology and product platform theory. It proposes the product platform design service architecture based on cloud computing and its design service modes and the related key technology to the study, including product platform resources virtualization in cloud computing environment and product family design ability services technology and product platform cloud data center retrieval technology, etc.
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Ahsan, Kamrul, and Shams Rahman. "An investigation into critical service determinants of customer to business (C2B) type product returns in retail firms." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 46, no. 6/7 (July 4, 2016): 606–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-09-2015-0235.

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Purpose – In spite of regular occurrence of product returns, research into determinants of returns services in retail businesses is still limited. To fill the gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate critical determinants of customer to business type product returns services in the retail industry. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a framework of product returns services that consists of three major service categories and 16 returns service determinants. The criticality of the determinants of product returns management are assessed employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based multi-criteria decision-making approach. Under AHP set up the authors interview retail operations managers of major retail firms in Australia to identify critical determinants of product returns services. Findings – Results indicate that the most important returns services dimensions are the way in which returns services are handled through interaction, and the outcome of service delivery. The top five critical service determinants of product returns are related to: communication support service for customer, money back for any type of returns, customer support access, user-friendly interaction, and product replacement. Originality/value – The findings of the study can be considered by senior managers of retail firms as a reference guide for designing efficient and effective returns service systems and developing strategies for competitive advantage through product returns, namely, customer retention.
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Prince, Thomas L., Harry K. Tayama, and John R. Grabner. "Supplier Services and Their Importance to Floral Retailers in the Midwestern United States." HortScience 25, no. 3 (March 1990): 356–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.3.356.

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Survey analysis of retail florists in the midwestern United States and floral mass marketers, nationally, identified 18 major services provided by floral suppliers for their retail customers and quantified the retailers' perceived importance of the services. Product quality maintenance, order/delivery reliability, product availability, response to problems, and personnel courtesy were rated by retailers as the five most important services provided by floral suppliers. Retail florists viewed the importance of the 18 services with primary and secondary concerns, whereas mass marketers largely viewed the services as equally important. Mass marketers perceived services related to product marketing, packaging, labeling, and communication/order information services with greater importance than retail florists. The service profiles provide floral suppliers with market information to develop more effective service programs targeted for specific customer segments.
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Elidjen, Elidjen, Gandi Cahyadi, and Mario Andika. "Sistem Pelayanan Jasa dan Penjualan Produk Percetakan Berbasis Web pada Proposter Indonesia." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v2i2.2824.

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Various constraints related to the availability of up-to-date information services and product sales happen to ProPoster Indonesia, a business of digital printing and display services system run since 2002. ProPoster Indonesia needs to offer an easy access to services and online service sales of printing products to its customers and plans to expand its business services throughout Indonesia. These conditions initiate the development of web-based service and products sales system for ProPoster Indonesia. The main objectives are to overcome the difficulties in obtaining the latest information related to services and products and facilitate promotional printing services to all parts of Indonesia. The sequential linear process model is used to develop the overall system while literature study is done to enrich the insight to develop a better system. The user friendly system makes easy for customers to get the latest information that ultimately facilitate the service process and product sales.
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Lenfle, Sylvain, and Christophe Midler. "The launch of innovative product-related services: Lessons from automotive telematics." Research Policy 38, no. 1 (February 2009): 156–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.10.020.

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Yang, Xiaoyu, Philip Moore, and Seng Kwong Chong. "Intelligent products: From lifecycle data acquisition to enabling product-related services." Computers in Industry 60, no. 3 (April 2009): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2008.12.009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Product-related services"

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Massad, Nelson Heckman Robert. "Perceived transaction satisfaction with electronic service encounters: a critical incident analysis of product-related services and pure services on the Web." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Almeida, Leandro Faria. "Análise dos serviços e sua relação com o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos em uma empresa de manufatura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3136/tde-07042010-110708/.

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A importância dos serviços para as empresas de manufatura tem aumentado nas últimas décadas em função das alterações no ambiente em que estão inseridas. Dentre os aspectos relacionados com a oferta de serviços por empresas de manufatura, pode ser citado que os serviços são influenciados pelas definições realizadas durante o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP). No entanto, a literatura ainda é escassa no sentido de compreender essa relação. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar as características dos serviços relacionados com os produtos e a sua relação com o PDP por meio de um estudo de caso em uma empresa do setor aeroespacial. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma análise documental e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, em que foi feita a descrição das etapas do PDP, o levantamento e classificação do portfolio de serviços, a análise detalhada dos serviços selecionados e a análise da relação entre estes serviços e o PDP. Os resultados da análise confirmaram que os serviços são impactados pelas decisões de todas as etapas do PDP e para todos os serviços analisados e ainda apresenta quando e como essas relações acontecem. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com a literatura existente. As relações identificadas influenciam diversos aspectos dos serviços analisados, como: o processo, o escopo, a infraestrutura, os custos e pessoas.
The importance of services to manufacturing companies has grown over the last decades due to several changes in the business environment. Among the aspects related with the offer of services by manufacturing companies is the fact that services are influenced by the decisions taken during the new product development process (NPD). Although, the literature is scarce when it comes to comprehend how this relationship happens. In this way, the objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of product-related services and the relationship between the NPD process activities and these services through a case study in a manufacturing company of the aerospace industry. The data was collected with the use of a documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews, where the phases of the NPD were described, the service portfolio was identified and classified, the selected services were analyzed and the relationship between the NPD and these services. The results confirmed that all the services that were analyzed are influenced by the decisions of all NPD phases and maps it out. The results were then compared with the existing literature. The identified relationship influence several aspects of the services that were analyzed, such as: the process, the scope, the infrastructure, the costs and people.
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Guziana, Bozena. "Is the Swedish Environmental Goods and Services Industry Green? : Product and production perspectives." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9427.

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In most business sectors environmental programs focus on direct, production-related environmental impacts. The design and development of products with reduced environmental impact is considered more difficult. The opposite applies in the environmental technology sector. The business model of environmental technology companies focuses on delivering solutions that contribute to improving the environmental performance of their customers. Products and services delivered by this sector have prominent environmental profiles. However, companies in this sector may not necessarily set and implement environmental goals for their own activities and manufacturing processes, and may not clearly distinguish between production and product related environmental aspects.

This thesis presents results of an online survey of environmental technology companies listed by the Swedish Environmental Technology Council (Swentec). The survey found that depending on the subsector, only between 21% and 45% of companies provide information about their environmental work on their website.

Environmental impacts of a company may be product and/or production related. The survey found that these dimensions are treated differently, and are not always clearly differentiated in environmental tools and guidelines, such as the ISO 14000 series, the Reporting Guidelines for UK Business, the GRI and The Swedish Annual Accounts (ÅRL). There are also differences in the ways that information about production and product related environmental impacts are considered within the environmental technology industry. Some companies clearly distinguish between product and activity related environmental issues, while others are unclear about the distinction between their products and their activities in environmental policies and management. While some companies in the sector limit the environmental information they disseminate to the environmental benefits of their products, others explicitly articulate that the predominantly product related environmental profiles in the sector drive them to additionally minimise environmental impacts of their own activities.

This thesis proposes environmental aspects of products and production as bases for corporate environmental profiles, corporate greening, and for defining ‘green’ and ‘green-green’ business, and concludes that companies within the environmental industry should be expected to be green-green business. This thesis concludes that companies within the environmental technology sector should increase their use of both production and product related environmental profile information in their presentations on their own websites and at platforms such as Swentec. Furthermore, the thesis shows that the use of the term ‘process’ within environmental technology sector to describe both the companies’ own operations and their products can create ambiguities in understanding. Companies that deliver ‘processes’ as products should avoid ambiguity by describing their own operations with terms such as ‘production processes’, ‘production’, ‘manufacturing process’, ‘operation’ or ‘activity’.


Ett företags miljöpåverkan kan vara kopplad till tillverkningsprocesser och till produkter. Miljöprogram inom de flesta industrisektorer är inriktade på direkta, produktionsrelaterade miljöaspekter. Däremot anses design och utveckling av produkter med minskad miljöpåverkan svårare. Inom miljötekniksektorn gäller det motsatta. Miljöteknikföretag erbjuder produkter och tjänster med framträdande miljöprofil och levererar lösningar som bidrar till förbättrad miljöprestanda hos deras kunder. Det betyder inte nödvändigtvis att dessa företag arbetar med miljömässiga mål för egna aktiviteter och tillverkningsprocesser, dvs. att dessa företag gör distinktion mellan tillverknings- och produktrelaterade miljöaspekter.

 

Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att öka förståelse av och insikt i miljöengagemang och miljöprofil inom miljöteknikföretag. Studien innehåller en onlineundersökning av miljöarbetet inom företag som är listade av Sveriges miljöteknikråd, Swentec i dess nätverk för den svenska miljöteknik­ sektorn. Studien visar att, beroende på undersektor, mellan 21 % och 45 % av företagen i undersökta miljöteknikområden har lagt ut information om sitt miljöarbete på företagets hemsida. Information om produktions- och produktrelaterade miljöfrågor varierar. Det finns företag som tydligt skiljer mellan produktorienterade miljöfrågor och miljöfrågor som berör deras tillverkningsprocesser och aktiviteter. Andra företag gör ingen tydlig åtskillnad mellan dessa frågor i sina miljöpolicydokument och miljöprogram. Vissa företag i branschen begränsar sin miljöinformation till miljömässiga fördelar med deras produkter. Det finns dock företag som tydligt uttalar att sektorns produktrelaterade miljöprofil är en drivkraft för att minimera miljöpåverkan från sin egen verksamhet.

I studien framkommer också att produktions- och produktrelaterade miljöaspekter behandlas på olika sätt, och är inte alltid tydligt differentierade i olika miljöverktyg och riktlinjer, som i ISO 14000 serien, Rapporteringsriktlinjer för UK Business, Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) och i den svenska årsredovisningslagen (ÅRL).

 

Produktions- och produktrelaterade miljöaspekter föreslås som dimensioner i ett företags miljöprofil och i beskrivning av företagets miljövänlighet. Det samma gäller som grund för definition av ’gröna’ och ’grön-gröna’ företag. En viktig ståndpunkt i denna avhandling är att företag inom miljötekniksektorn bör vara ’grön-gröna’ företag och att dessa företag bör öka användningen av informationen om produktions- och produktrelaterad miljöprofil, både på sina egna hemsidor och i sina presentationer inom nätverk som Swentec. Dessutom visar studien att användningen av begreppet "process" inom miljöteknikföretag för såväl den egna verksamheten som för sina produkter i vissa fall är otydlig. För att undvika denna oklarhet bör företag med ’processer’ som egna produkter, beskriva företagens egna verksamheter med begrepp som ’produktionsprocess’, ’produktion’, ’tillverkningsprocess’, ’aktiviteter’ eller liknande.

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Gröllich, Daniel, Imme Lehmann, Silke Paritschkow, and Martin Schmauder. "Ein Leitfaden für produzierende KMU zur Analyse und Gestaltung von produktbegleitenden Dienstleistungen." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-156715.

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In Unternehmen mit wissensintensiven Wertschöpfungsprozessen werden oft innovative und einzigartige Produkte hergestellt, die eine enge Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kunden erfordern. Das bedeutet einen hohen Entwicklungs- und Abstimmungsaufwand innerhalb des Unternehmens. Vor allem für kleinere und mittlere produzierende Unternehmen sind praktikable Werkzeuge wichtig, mit denen unter Einbezug der Mitarbeiter solche Dienstleistungsanteile analysiert und passende Dienstleistungsprozesse gestaltet werden können
Enterprises with skill-intensive value added processes in many cases manufacture innovative and unique products. This requires a close collaboration with the customer, a high development effort and a high level of coordination within the company. Especially small and medium size enterprises need practicable instruments to involve their staff into analyzing refering service contents and into designing the related processes
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Gröllich, Daniel, Imme Lehmann, Silke Paritschkow, and Martin Schmauder. "Ein Leitfaden für produzierende KMU zur Analyse und Gestaltung von produktbegleitenden Dienstleistungen." Technische Universität Dresden, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28431.

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In Unternehmen mit wissensintensiven Wertschöpfungsprozessen werden oft innovative und einzigartige Produkte hergestellt, die eine enge Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kunden erfordern. Das bedeutet einen hohen Entwicklungs- und Abstimmungsaufwand innerhalb des Unternehmens. Vor allem für kleinere und mittlere produzierende Unternehmen sind praktikable Werkzeuge wichtig, mit denen unter Einbezug der Mitarbeiter solche Dienstleistungsanteile analysiert und passende Dienstleistungsprozesse gestaltet werden können.:1 Der Leitfaden auf einen Blick 5 2 Dienstleistungen in Produktionsunternehmen 6 3 Dienstleistungen im Unternehmen etablieren - Vorbereitung auf eine veränderte Sichtweise 10 4 Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe - Ein Werkzeugkasten stellt sich vor 12 5 Anwendung der WEGANO-Werkzeuge 15 6 Dienstleistungen bewerten, integrieren und verstetigen 34 7 Die Pilotfirmen kommen zu Wort 39
Enterprises with skill-intensive value added processes in many cases manufacture innovative and unique products. This requires a close collaboration with the customer, a high development effort and a high level of coordination within the company. Especially small and medium size enterprises need practicable instruments to involve their staff into analyzing refering service contents and into designing the related processes.:1 Der Leitfaden auf einen Blick 5 2 Dienstleistungen in Produktionsunternehmen 6 3 Dienstleistungen im Unternehmen etablieren - Vorbereitung auf eine veränderte Sichtweise 10 4 Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe - Ein Werkzeugkasten stellt sich vor 12 5 Anwendung der WEGANO-Werkzeuge 15 6 Dienstleistungen bewerten, integrieren und verstetigen 34 7 Die Pilotfirmen kommen zu Wort 39
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Oscarson, Frida. "Requirements of implementing a circular leasing & rental model on technical garments : Challenges and opportunities in the Swedish outdoor industry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417894.

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The Fashion industry has grown rapidly over the past decade. The industry is one of the world’s most polluting industries and the way we produce and consume clothes has to change, to reach sustainability across the industry. The fashion industry requires a new “textile economy” where business models are developed to keep products in use and continuously circulate. Therefore, developing business model that can keep products in use and make them circulate is one way forward. Product-Service-Systems (PSS) have become a discussion amongst researchers to be a possible way of reaching more sustainable practices across the industry. This study therefore looks at one form of PSS, leasing and rental. The study will investigate, technical garments because from a durability and quality perspective they are ideal to incorporate in this type of model. Therefore, this study aimed at developing an ideal circular leasing and rental model to see what requirements is needed to keep activity-based, technical garments in use. It was also of interest to investigate what challenges and opportunities the Swedish outdoor industry face when implementing a leasing and rental model, and if they can fulfil the requirements of the ideal circular model. A qualitative method was used through semi-structured interviews to collect the empirical data. The results show that the requirements of an ideal circular leasing and rental model includes Sustainability, Investments/Economic profit, Human resources, Logistics, Product design and Upcycling. The empirical results from the Swedish outdoor industry shows that they require the same factors as the model, however two more requirements are highlighted by the industry, Thirdparty-partner and customer demand. The results also shows that today it is too challenging for the Swedish outdoor industry fulfil the requirements of an ideal circular leasing and rental model. Collaborating with a third-party-partner is one aspect the industry see as an opportunity. The products have an opportunity to be kept in use because the brands will care for them. However, the industry face more challenges than opportunities, some of the challenges are investments and economic profit, logistics and upcycling processes of activity-based technical garments.
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Robertson, Andrew J. "A website service quality model for B2B SME's : the proposal of a two factor eight item scale to measure website quality for B2B SMEs in either information or physical product related industries." Thesis, University of Kent, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.651281.

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Ennaoui, Karima. "Computational aspects of infinite automata simulation and closure system related issues." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC031/document.

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La thèse est consacrée à des problématiques d’algorithmique et de complexité sur deux sujets. Le premier sujet s’intéresse à la composition comportementale des services web. Ce problème a été réduit à la simulation d’un automate par le produit fermé d’un ensemble d’automates. La thèse étudie dans sa première partie la complexité de ce problème en considérant deux paramètres : le nombre des instances considéré de chaque service et la présence des états hybrides : état à la fois intermédiaire et final dans un automate. Le second sujet porte sur les systèmes de fermeture et s’intéresse au calcul de l’extension maximale d’un système de fermeture ainsi qu’à l’énumération des clefs candidates d’une base implicative. On donne un algorithme incrémental polynomial qui génère l’extension maximale d’un treillis codé par une relation binaire. Puis, la notion de key-ideal est définie, en prouvant que leur énumération est équivalente à l’énumération des clefs candidates. Ensuite, on donne un algorithme qui permet de générer les key-ideal minimaux en temps incrémental polynomial et les key-ideal non minimaux en délai polynomial
This thesis investigates complexity and computational issues in two parts. The first concerns an issue related to web services composition problem: Deciding whether the behaviour of a web service can be composed out of an existing repository of web services. This question has been reduced to simulating a finite automata to the product closure of an automata set. We study the complexity of this problem considering two parameters; the number of considered instances in the composition and the presence of the so-called hybrid states (states that are both intermediate and final). The second part concerns closure systems and two related issues; Maximal extension of a closure system : we give an incremental polynomial algorithm that computes a lattice's maximal extension when the input is a binary relation. Candidate keys enumeration : we introduce the notion of key-ideal sets and prove that their enumeration is equivalent to candidate keys enumeration. We then give an efficient algorithm that generates all non-minimal key-ideal sets in a polynomial delay and all minimal ones in incremental polynomial time
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Sczyka, Jana. "Circular business models in the fashion industry: A consumer perspective on renting everyday clothes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413325.

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This study identifies enabling factors for a circular business model that focuses on use-oriented services in the fashion industry. The objective is to provide an overview of the possibilities of use-oriented services for sustainability and to determine motives for renting everyday clothes from a consumer perspective.The clothing industry is one of the most polluting and unsustainable business industries (Leal Filho et al., 2019). It starts to move towards the wider movement of circular economy and use-oriented service businesses, which some scholars see PSS as a sustainable business option due to its reduced environmental impact of economic activity (Baines et al., 2007). With the concept being tested on less quality-focused fashion retailers, the concept's real strength can be slowly analyzed. This study focuses on incentives and obstacles for conscious consumers to participate in a fashion renting program as well as the possibilities for sustainability from a consumer perspective. A multidisciplinary literature review was conducted to get insights into the topics of sustainable business models, circular businesses in particular, and product service systems, especially in the fashion industry. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect empirical data that were analyzed and related to the concept of social practice theory. The results show that renting everyday garments appears as a new concept that has not been considered yet. There is a general interest in renting special occasion clothes. Identified obstacles are the own lack of interest in fashion styles, no need for new clothes, quality, as well as logistic and transportation concerns.Sustainability was an overall important aspect for all respondents and, therefore, the concept of renting was mainly discussed in the sense of providing a sustainable purpose. Participants agreed that the business model could contribute to sustainability when the lifetime of garments is significantly extended. However, they questioned if renting can really decouple economic success from material consumption.
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"Produkt- und Dienstleistungslebenszyklus-Management." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-151753.

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Seit einiger Zeit hat die Industrie hier die enge Verzahnung ihrer Güterproduktion mit Dienstleistungen, auch oft als Services oder Lösungen bezeichnet, als strategische Option erkannt. Der Vorteil einer engen Verflechtung von Produkt und Dienstleistung ist, dass insbesondere im Pre- und Aftersales-Bereich neue Wertschöpfungsmöglichkeiten entstehen, die auf dem einzigartigen Know-How und dem Wissen der anbietenden Unternehmen basieren. Zunehmend wird über solche Lösungen sogar der größere Anteil der Wertschöpfung für das Unternehmen erzielt, so dass die Bedeutung solcher Angebote beständig zunimmt. Der vorliegenden Band dokumentiert die Arbeit des Verbundvorhabens „Produkt-Dienstleistung-Lifecycle-Management“, welches von 2011-2014 den Lehrstuhl für Betriebliche Informationssysteme an der Universität Leipzig zusammen mit Unternehmen ATB Arbeit, Technik und Bildung GmbH, CADsys GmbH, Amtech GmbH und SITEC GmbH aus Chemnnitz realisiert und mit Mitteln der Europäischen Union und des Freistaates Sachsen durch das Programm FuE-Projektförderung der SAB finanziert wurde. Erstmalig werden integrierte Konzepte und Werkzeuge für ein Lebenszyklusmanagement in der Verbindung von Produktion und begleitenden Dienstleistungen vorgestellt, die in entsprechenden Use-Cases in der Praxis zur Anwendung geführt werden konnten.
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Books on the topic "Product-related services"

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Peterson, John. Product identity and the demand for new information services: Conceptual and empirical issues related to electronic mail services. Uxbridge: Centre for Research into Innovation, Culture & Technology, 1990.

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A, Korpman Ralph, ed. Managing health care costs, quality, and technology: Product line strategies for nursing. Rockville, Md: Aspen Publishers, 1986.

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Eddy, Wymeersch. Part V The Broader View and the Future of MiFID, 22 Shadow Banking and the Functioning of Financial Markets. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198767671.003.0022.

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This chapter considers the financial activity taking place outside the traditional and often unregulated financial sphere of the securities markets, which has become substantial and diverse, and is often called ‘shadow banking’, a misnomer. These activities, mapped by the Financial Stability Board, include a variety of entities which specialise in certain financial activities, or provide financial services as part of their overall product offer. They create risks of a ‘systemic’ nature, leading to major financial disruption and contagion. Although thought to be on the border of the traditional securities systems, these matters and the related regulation have a considerable impact on the framing of certain classes of securities and may determine the safety of the overall system, including that of the final investor.
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Gunnell, John G. History of Political Philosophy as a Discipline. Edited by George Klosko. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238804.003.0005.

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Whether one speaks of the study of the history of political philosophy, the history of political theory, or the history of political thought, the reference is typically to one basic scholarly genre. Although this body of scholarship is now the province of a distinctly interdisciplinary academic practice, bridging, and including, fields such as philosophy, history, and literary criticism, it is professionally largely the product of a subdiscipline located primarily in departments of political science, politics, or government. In the United States, the emerging social sciences, during the nineteenth century, were primarily the confluence of three closely related tributaries: elements of academic moral philosophy, often inspired by Scottish Enlightenment thinkers; individuals such as William Graham Sumner, who taught a scientific understanding of society and elicit the secret of social progress; and movements such as those represented in the American Social Science Association, which invoked the cognitive authority of science as they pursued a variety of causes from abolition to civil service reform.
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Lewis, Catherine F. Gender-specific treatment. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0051.

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Despite a roughly equal number of men and women in the general population, women consistently have lower rates of incarceration than their male peers. The difference is not trivial; there are 10 men incarcerated for each woman in the United States. The correctional system was confronted with issues specific to female inmates in part as a product of the War on Drugs from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. During this period, the number of women incarcerated rose 888%. The bulk of this rise was attributable to arrests for non-violent drug related charges. As the correctional system began to experience an influx of women, it became clear that they were different from their male peers. The differences included epidemiology of psychiatric disorders, intensity of health service utilization, social stressors, and patterns of offending. The logical question arose as to whether women needed a different treatment approach in the correctional system than men. The term ‘gender responsive programming’ emerged and represented the idea that women have specific needs distinct from male peers that could best be met with treatment designed for women. The purpose of this chapter is to describe, given the current knowledge base: the patterns of offending and arrests for women versus men; the socio-demographics of incarcerated women; the psychopathology exhibited by incarcerated women; and finally, how best to treat incarcerated women and implement this treatment within jails and prisons.
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Book chapters on the topic "Product-related services"

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Sichtmann, Christina, and Maren von Selasinsky. "Internationalization of Product-Related Services: The Role of Relationship Marketing." In Kundenintegration und Leistungslehre, 355–68. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-07448-7_20.

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Lingegård, Sofia, and Mattias Lindahl. "Identification of Risks Related to Integrated Product Service Offerings of Rail Infrastructure: A Swedish Case." In Through-life Engineering Services, 323–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12111-6_19.

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Zinke, Christian, Kyrill Meyer, Florian Golemo, and Lars-Peter Meyer. "The Use of a Service Modeler Together with a PLM Software for the Management of Product-Related Services: A First Use-case-based Approach to Configure Service Components for Product-Related Services." In Product Lifecycle Management for Society, 449–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41501-2_45.

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Mengoni, Maura, and Margherita Peruzzini. "How to Support the Design of User-Oriented Product-Related Services." In Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions, 103–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39862-4_10.

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Marjanovic, Ugljesa, Bojan Lalic, Vidosav Majstorovic, Nenad Medic, Jasna Prester, and Iztok Palcic. "How to Increase Share of Product-Related Services in Revenue? Strategy Towards Servitization." In Advances in Production Management Systems. Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0, 57–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99707-0_8.

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Rapaccini, Mario, and Isabella Porcelli. "How Advances of ICT will Impact on Service Systems and on the Delivering of Product-Related Services." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 57–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41263-9_8.

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Rocca, Roberto, Claudio Sassanelli, Paolo Rosa, and Sergio Terzi. "Circular Economy Performance Assessment." In New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs, 17–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74886-9_3.

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AbstractThe main aim of the FENIX project is the development of new business models and industrial strategies for three novel supply chains in order to enable value-added product-services. Through a set of success stories coming from the application of circular economy principles in different industrial sectors, FENIX wants to demonstrate in practice the real benefits coming from its adoption. In addition, Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) will be integrated within the selected processes to improve the efficient recovery of secondary resources. This chapter focuses on the definition of a novel Circular Economy Performance Assessment (CEPA) methodology to be adopted within the FENIX project. This implementation activity has been done into two steps. From one side, a state-of-the-art analysis of existing CE methodologies and related KPIs has been executed and the most common circularity assessment methods (and KPIs) have been identified. Subsequently, a totally new CEPA methodology has been developed starting from the findings coming from the literature. This methodology, together with classic LCA and LCC methods, will be exploited for the quantitative assessment of CBMs.
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Noussia, Kyriaki. "The IDD and Its Impact on the Life Insurance Industry." In AIDA Europe Research Series on Insurance Law and Regulation, 75–112. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52738-9_4.

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AbstractThe life insurance sector not only pertains to a variety of distributors, such as for example, ‘bancassurance’ entities combining investments services, investment and insurance products, but also to the large portion of unit-linked/investment based life insurance products. Major legal changes introduced by Directive (EU) 2016/97 (“IDD”) will therefore need to be carefully considered and anticipated by the life insurance industry, including specific professional and organizational requirements, specific information standards for insurance-based investment products, which will include the provision of appropriate information and requirements for advice to be suitable, restrictions on remuneration, and special requirements relating to the advice to be provided to the customer by any distributor related to costs and charges or to the distribution of the product—including the cost of advice. The international character of the Life Insurance has an important impact on the work to the implementation of IDD which aims at a so-called minimum harmonization. No doubt that the implementation may appear wide and burdensome, but it is a unique opportunity for all entities involved to achieve a good balance of liabilities between the professionals involved, review risk management options and look for sustainable business alternatives. This chapter examines the impact of IDD on life insurance and addresses the harmonization impact and effect of the IDD in the insurance industry.
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Galparoli, Simone, Andrea Caielli, Paolo Rosa, and Sergio Terzi. "Semi-automated PCB Disassembly Station." In New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs, 35–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74886-9_4.

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AbstractThe main aim of the FENIX project is the development of new business models and industrial strategies for three novel supply chains in order to enable value-added product-services. Through a set of success stories coming from the application of circular economy principles in different industrial sectors, FENIX wants to demonstrate in practice the real benefits coming from its adoption. In addition, Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) will be integrated within the selected processes to improve the efficient recovery of secondary resources. In this sense, among the available KETs, the adoption of digital and advanced automated solutions allows companies to re-thinking their business strategies, trying to cope with even more severe environmental requirements. Among these technological solutions, the paradigm of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is the most popular. I4.0 entails the development of a new concept of economic policy based on high-tech strategies and internet-connected technologies allowing the creation of added-value for organizations and society. Unlike the activities developed in T3.1, related to the development and implementation of simulation tools and models for the smartphones’ disassembly process optimization, here the attention has been spent in managing and optimizing a new semi-automated PCBs disassembly station. The disassembly of products is a key process in the treatment of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment. When performed efficiently, it enables the maximization of resources re-usage and a minimization of pollution. Within the I4.0 paradigm, collaborative robots (co-bots in short) can safely interact with humans and learn from them. This flexibility makes them suitable for supporting current CE practices, especially during disassembly and remanufacturing operations. D3.2 focuses on describing the semi-automated PCB disassembly process implemented at the POLIMI’s Industry 4.0 Lab, aiming to demonstrate in practice the benefits of exploiting I4.0 technologies in PCB disassembly processes. Results highlight how a semi-automated cell where operators and cobots works together can allow a better management of both repetitive and specific activities, the safe interaction of cobots with operators and the simple management of the high variability related with different kinds of PCBs.
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Rosa, Paolo, Sergio Terzi, and Bernd Kopacek. "Introduction." In New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74886-9_1.

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AbstractThis chapter aims at clarifying the main research contents and presenting the main objective of the FENIX project. we briefly describe some fundamental concepts, like Circular Economy (CE), Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Product-Service Systems (PSSs). All these contents are strictly connected in FENIX, since the project aims at demonstrating the benefits coming from the adoption of CE-related practices through a set of PSS-based business models supported by I4.0-based technologies.
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Conference papers on the topic "Product-related services"

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Freitag, Mike, and Walter Ganz. "InnoScore® Service: Evaluating Innovation for Product-Related Services." In 2011 Annual SRII Global Conference (SRII). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/srii.2011.33.

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Nakajima, Masataka, Hiroshi Kato, and Yoshiki Shimomura. "A Method for Service Function Improvement Starting From the Service Delivery Process." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28822.

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In the manufacturing sector, product-service systems (PSSs) have attracted considerable attention as a means to unify and integrate the design of products and services. In order to maximize customer value, the design of products and services should be integrated. Thus far, unified schemes related to service activities and product behaviors have been proposed in the field of service engineering. In these approaches, services are modeled from the viewpoint of function, and a service delivery process that is based on service activities and product behaviors is developed. However, when service providers attempt to improve their service, the existing PSS methods are inadequate from the viewpoint of providing suggestions for improvement. Therefore, this research aims to establish a method for PSSs to suggest improvements in their own service. Thus, in this paper, the authors propose a method for service function improvement that involves analysis of the service delivery process and enhances customer value.
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Thenent, Nils E., Ettore Settanni, and Linda B. Newnes. "Know What You Need to Know: The Role of Technological Knowledge in Product Service Systems." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82791.

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An emerging trend in defence and aerospace is the move from manufacturing and selling products to providing the availability of a product-related function based on long term contractual agreements between the customer and the service provider. Therefore the concern of the manufacturer as a service provider shifts towards all means that are required to ensure the availability of the product related function. This ultimately imposes the adoption of a broader perspective on a complex system of interconnected and interdependent activities undertaken by a diverse network of stakeholders for the achievement of a common purpose. Nonetheless, a consistent and comprehensive way to represent such complex systems is not yet agreed upon in the literature. For the purpose of estimating the costs of a Product Service System (PSS) delivery, a consistent and common representation of products and services is a necessary precondition. The focus of this paper is to contribute to the debate by proposing the use of knowledge as the underlying foundation for representing products, services and PSS. Building upon inter-disciplinary literature, differing concepts of PSS are discussed, in order to identify recurring aspects and commonalities between product and service. While it could be recognised that technology represents such a common element, it is also recognised that differing definitions of technology do not facilitate the discussion about product, service, and PSS. Instead, evidence is found for the argument that applied knowledge can be seen as the underlying foundation for products, service and PSS. In this sense, knowledge is not considered as a single asset, but rather a composition of different kinds of knowledge. The authors propose the application of knowledge to a process-based approach, which facilitates the representation of products and services by overcoming their distinction in a consistent way. While the composition of knowledge related to each process is a necessary precondition to enable the successful delivery of a PSS, it furthermore requires knowledge about integration of all process inputs, outputs and the processes’ dynamics within a given environment. Herewith the focus shifts to the preconditions that enable the successful delivery of a PSS, such as available set of skills and underlying process understanding. Discussing the role knowledge plays in current cost estimation methods it is found that — despite its importance — knowledge is not always clearly defined, and very often it is reduced to repository-based data retrieval systems. The proposed knowledge-based process-orientated approach aims to facilitate investigating products, services, PSS, and the underlying production and delivery systems by representing them in a transparent and consistent way. While this is generally not bound to a particular type of analysis, the motivation originates from estimating the costs of a PSS delivery.
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Ayoub, Jackie, Feng Zhou, Qianli Xu, and Jessie Yang. "Analyzing Customer Needs of Product Ecosystems Using Online Product Reviews." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97642.

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Abstract It is necessary to analyze customer needs of a product ecosystem in order to increase customer satisfaction and user experience, which will, in turn, enhance its business strategy and profits. However, it is often time-consuming and challenging to identify and analyze customer needs of product ecosystems using traditional methods due to numerous products and services as well as their interdependence within the product ecosystem. In this paper, we analyzed customer needs of a product ecosystem by capitalizing on online product reviews of multiple products and services of the Amazon product ecosystem with machine learning techniques. First, we filtered the noise involved in the reviews using a fastText method to categorize the reviews into informative and uninformative regarding customer needs. Second, we extracted various customer needs related topics using a latent Dirichlet allocation technique. Third, we conducted sentiment analysis using a valence aware dictionary and sentiment reasoner method, which not only predicted the sentiment of the reviews, but also its intensity. Based on the first three steps, we classified customer needs using an analytical Kano model dynamically. The case study of Amazon product ecosystem showed the potential of the proposed method.
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Ritola, Tuomas, and Eric Coatanéa. "Combining Product Innovation With Service Innovation to Increase Value Created With a System." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63489.

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The focus in the businesses of manufacturing and selling technological devices has been increasingly shifting from USA and Europe towards Asiatic countries due to cost-effectiveness and lower costs of resources. In the areas where costs are inevitably higher, new measures have to be considered in order to be able to compete in the global economy. In this article, we study how can we utilize combined benefits of technological and service innovations in competing against the traditional product-oriented offerings. Product-service systems are integrated systems of products and services that create value through use for customers; the hypothesis in this article is that the efficiency of the business network can be increased by designing an integrated product-service system in comparison to the product-oriented approach. The hypothesis is studied via a real-life product-service system design case study of an automated recycling system, and system dynamics simulation is used to analyze the value created with the system in the related business network. In theory, product-service systems have many potential benefits in comparison to product-oriented offerings; identifying the benefits in practice in a case study increases the understanding of product-service systems design and facilitate their application in the industry.
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Langbein, Sven, Horst Meier, and Alexander Czechowicz. "Service Systems for Shape Memory Technology." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5223.

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Shape memory alloys (SMA) are well-known for their ability to transform into an imprinted shape by means of thermal activation (pseudoplasticity) or after a mechanical deformation (pseudoelasticity). The thermal effects can be used in a wide range of industrial applications like valves, unlocking devices or comfort applications in the field of automotive mechatronics. While there are many ideas concerning shape memory actuators, only few thoughts have been spent on service applications around these unique actuators. At present, product-related services are usually considered as an add-on to the actual product. But in future, industrialized countries are subject to a structural change toward service societies. For this reason, new concepts and methods which enable the companies to design the potential services in an optimal way are necessary already during the development of a product. This is a paradigm shift from the separated consideration of products and services to a new product understanding consisting of integrated products and services. In the case of shape memory technology, recycling processes present an interesting field for such integrated services. Starting with general ideas towards recycling concepts for and with shape memory components, this paper focuses on refresh-annealing as an example of an interesting recycling process. Finally, the paper is summed up by an outlook on future works on development methods for generic shape memory actuators and their service systems. The aim of this study is to show the possibilities and the importance of services in the field of shape memory technology. As a result, new applications and markets for SMA can be developed.
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Zhu, Lijuan, Uma Jayaram, and OkJoon Kim. "Online Semantic Knowledge Management for Product Design Based on Product Engineering Ontologies." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48684.

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The influence of the Semantic Web is growing in many areas. In this paper, the authors present an online Product Design Semantic Knowledge Management System (PD-SKMS) in order to provide a novel approach for presentation, querying/reasoning, and instantiating/updating of knowledge related to product design in an engineering domain. A distributed model is proposed, which is composed of a host hybrid-data repository (HDR), external public linked data sources (EPLD), a Semantic data management engine (SDME), and a web-based user interface layer. Ontologies to preserve knowledge for the product assembly domain are set up as product semantic repositories (PSR) in the host hybrid-data repository. To utilize the legacy design data, a conventional product database (PDB) storing design data is also integrated into this repository. The SDME is able to supply querying/reasoning and instantiating/updating services on PSRs, as well as searching and updating services on PDB. Through web-based user interfaces, engineers on the Web can inquire/contribute design information from/to both PSR and PDB. Additionally, the capability of PD-SKMS is extended by querying on external public linked data sources. It is concluded that the product design environment, constructed on PD-SKMS, allows more knowledge questioners/contributors to be involved in product design tasks in a more interactive manner, and thus greatly improves traditional behaviors for design knowledge sharing and exchanging.
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Teofilova, Teodora. "INDICATORS FOR EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE IN HOTELS IN THE CITY OF VARNA." In TOURISM AND CONNECTIVITY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/tc2020.530.

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The material examines the degree of readiness of hoteliers in Varna, Bulgaria to select, implement and apply a set of indicators for assessing the quality of service in accommodation. The content reveals not only the specifics of the service process, but also answers to several questions related to its evaluation and quality certification. Scholars and politicians see standardization as a tool to liberalize trade in services, while some operators of the tourism industry find standardization of tourism services unfavorable. Increasing the confidence in tourist is a goal that hoteliers strive to achieve with many tools. The monitoring and in-depth analysis of the applied good practices in the service worldwide and their application in a technique that would provide a reliable portfolio of the individual hotel, and the service, as part of the whole tourist product, will make the service even more attractive. It is important that a key problem related to the improvement of the quality of the service activities is revealed and a proposal for its solution is given.
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Sabbaghi, Mostafa, and Sara Behdad. "Design for Repair: A Game Between Manufacturer and Independent Repair Service Provider." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67986.

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Design for ease-of-repair is an efficient solution to effectively use resources by extending the lifespan of products. However, designing a repairable product may not be necessarily an economically viable solution for manufacturers. Repairable products enable independent repair businesses to compete with original manufacturers on offering repair services. On the other hand, although designing a less repairable product may dissuade competition, it increases the cost of repair for manufacturers at the same time, in addition to decreasing consumers’ satisfaction. In this paper, a game-theoretic model is developed to represent the competition between a manufacturer acting as a leader, and a coalition of independent repair service providers acting as a follower. The subgame perfect Nash equilibrium is derived, representing the optimal prices for repair services offered by the two service-providers based on the level of repairability. In addition, based on the information extracted from a repair-related survey, we provide insights about consumers’ attitudes towards repairability of products to help manufacturers make better design decisions.
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Geng, Xiuli, Xuening Chu, Deyi Xue, and Zaifang Zhang. "Prioritizing Engineering Characteristics of Product-Service System Using Analytic Network Process and Data Envelopment Analysis." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28382.

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Product-service system (PSS) approach has emerged as a competitive strategy to impel manufacturers to offer a set of products and services as a whole. A new three-domain PSS conceptual design framework supporting engineering design methodology is proposed in this research. Identification of the critical parameters in these domains plays an important role. Engineering characteristics (ECs) in the functional domain, which include product-related ECs (P-ECs) and service-related ECs (S-ECs), are identified by translating customer requirements (CRs) in the customer domain. Quality function deployment (QFD) is used to implement this translation process. Prioritizing ECs is a crucial issue in achieving the optimal PSS planning. First, to consider complex dependency relationships between and within CRs, P-ECs and S-ECs, the analytic network process (ANP) approach is integrated in QFD to determine the initial importance weights of ECs. Second, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is applied to adjust the initial weights of ECs considering requirements of the manufacturers. In order to deal with the vagueness, uncertainty and diversity in decision-making, the fuzzy set theory and group decision-making technique are used in the supermatrix approach of ANP in the first phase. A case study is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed prioritizing approach for ECs in PSS conceptual design.
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Reports on the topic "Product-related services"

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Adapt Your Choice of Product-Related Services to the Industry Life Cycle. IEDP Ideas for Leaders, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13007/531.

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Innovative Solutions to Human-Wildlife Conflicts: National Wildlife Research Center Accomplishments, 2012. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7206797.aphis.

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The National Wildlife Research Center (NWRC) is the research arm of Wildlife Services (WS), a program within the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). NWRC’s researchers are dedicated to finding biologically sound, practical, and effective solutions to resolving wildlife damage management issues. There are four spotlights for 2012 show the depth and breadth of NWRC’s research expertise and its holistic approach to address today’s wildlife-related challenges. NWRC remains committed to its other core mission areas of agriculture and natural resource protection, invasive species control, and product development. Product development takes center stage in this year’s report with accomplishments organized by specific types of products and methods.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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