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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Production sourcing'
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1
Chouinard, Natalie 1979. "China production equipment sourcing strategy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/51664.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; in conjunction with the Leaders for Manufacturing Program at MIT, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
This thesis recommends a China business and equipment strategy for the Controls Conveyor Robotics Welding (CCRW) group at General Motors. The current strategy is to use globally common equipment through predetermined global suppliers. The GM facilities in China, which are jointly owned with non-GM entities, believe that a local sourcing strategy would reduce lead times, transportation costs and increase the level of nearby service and support. These factors are catalyst for GM to reevaluate the current global common strategy. This thesis will provide an overview of the CCRW organization and discuss how the sourcing strategy has evolved through globalization. Due to the large variety of production tooling, this thesis will narrow the focus to two case studies: the first being a Main Control Panel (MCP) and the second being a weld controller. These case studies are used as a method to determine the pros and cons of the current sourcing strategy, where the MCP is a highly integrated design maintained by CCRW HQ and the weld controller is a "blackbox" which CCRW defines the functional specifications and procures "off the shelf' from a predetermined global supplier. Through local China visits, literature review and preliminary cost assessments, it was determined that while local sourcing may be a viable option for both the MCP and weld controller, there is not enough determinate information to commit to a sourcing change in the case of the Main Control Panel. From onsite visits to potential MCP option suppliers in China, it appears that likely "local" arrangements exists, however, further company analysis and validation will need to be conducted to adopt the change.
(cont.) As for the weld controller, the local product variation with the current global supplier (based locally) is recommended and was validated by CCRW weld engineers by the completion of this internship. I The term "Local" will be used throughout this thesis to refer to "China," meaning solutions that are derived from internal to China.
by Natalie Chouinard.
M.B.A.
S.M.
2
Gunterberg, Caroline. "Fashion sourcing in China is changing : Energy perspectives on sustainable sourcing in China." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-63370.
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The purpose of this thesis is to create a deeper understanding of the challenges of Chineseenergy sources in the fashion production from the point of view of a retailer's sourcingactivities in the fast changing China. Three areas, namely, corporate social responsibility(CSR), global sourcing and changing Chinese market environment serve as the academicfoundation for understanding the current dynamics of fashion production in China. Thistheoretical framework illuminates the key drivers behind the progress of environmentalperformance in Chinese fashion production. Retailers identify energy use and especially, thesource of energy, in the production as a major environmental challenge, especially in Chinawith coal as its main source. The perspectives of five Chinese fashion garment suppliers arepresented by using a qualitative case study method. The findings show that Chinese fashionsuppliers have almost no direct power to influence the energy sources used for electricity inthe production. However, the Chinese government focuses on improving the energy supplyand promoting the use of renewable energies in China, with increasing pressure on thefactories to reduce their energy intensity. The findings in this thesis show that we are movingtowards an upward curve of higher retail prices and increased sustainability throughout theChinese supply chain.
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Lakshmikanthan, Jayaprakash, and Godfred Tabiri. "FACTORS AFFECTING PRODUCTION LOCALIZATION IN CONSIDERATION WITH THE SUPPLY BASE AND SOURCING PARAMETERS." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-14766.
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Over the past years manufacturing firms have moved their production to low cost regions. Many factors lead to the moving of their production and how these factors influence their decision making process. These have been discussed in various literatures. They also source from low cost regions in order to improve their productivity. Not only do they source from low-cost regions but also to actually produce goods in those countries. Many literatures have talked about the impact on some of the factors but little on the impact of supply base and sourcing parameters. The thesis seek to review the factors that affect production localization decision process and also find out how the supply base and sourcing parameters affects decision making process, whether the supply base and sourcing is really considered and the impact it has in decision making process to localize a new production. Literature review and interviews were used in this process. Four companies namely Haldex AB, ABB, case company A and B were used for the research. The main factors that are been considered for production localization were found out from the companies and practically the impact of the supply base and sourcing parameters during decision making are presented. The results from the research questions and the empirical studies is summarized in a framework that will enable readers to know the main factors that affect production localization, how decision making is done and the main impact of the supply base and sourcing in production localization. In addition some benefits of placing emphasis on the supply base and sourcing parameters.
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Bäck, Mårten, and Staffan Runemo. "Production in Low-Wage Countries." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-155.
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Background:
What initially caught our attention was the fact that many Swedish manufacturing firms establish production abroad and consequently many jobs are lost. However we decided to go behind the alarming reports of lost jobs, and instead study the subject from the companies’ perspective.
Purpose:
The purpose of the thesis is to study why Swedish companies establish production in China and Eastern Europe, how the production in these regions works, and what effects it has had on the company.
Method:
A qualitative study was conducted where interviews were performed with six Swedish manufacturing firms. The answers from each interview were then analyzed in order to match the empirical findings to the theoretical framework. A joint analysis was conducted where the answers from the six interviews were compared and analyzed. Finally conclusions were drawn as answer to our purpose.
Conclusions:
Our studies show that there are two main reasons for Swedish manufacturing firms to establish production in China and Eastern Europe respectively. These reasons are reduced costs and possibility to produce closer to the market. Keeping the product development in Sweden when producing abroad does not imply any problems as long as regular visits are paid to the plant. These visits are also important in order to maintain the relationships, which seems to be especially important in China. Cultural differences affecting the production exist to a varying extent both in China and Eastern Europe compared to Sweden. Establishing production abroad seems to be successful for most companies.
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Xie, Jianyuan. "Factors Related to Local Supply Base Development Affecting Production Localisation in China." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-16301.
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Recent years, foreign manufacturers have extended their manufacturing footprint to include China. According to the World Bank China has overtaken Japan as the world’s second-largest economy since 2010. China’s growth is largely funded by a continuous manufacturing boom where both domestic industries and infrastructure have developed extensively, facilitating foreign-owned manufacturing companies to locate production in China. An important issue of common interest to all manufacturing companies in the course of localising production to China is how to develop an efficient supply base.The purpose of the thesis is to identify the factors related to local supply base development that affect production localisation in China. An identification and analysis of factors for foreign manufactures to consider when developing the supply base for their China production facilities is presented.The thesis work is executed based on a comprehensive literature study and interviews with twelve manufacturing firms (comprising eight foreign manufacturers and four local supplier companies) in China from April to July, 2012. The thesis investigates factors of importance to supply base localisation in China. The analysis of the empirical and theoretical findings constitutes the bases for increased understanding supporting foreign manufactures, especially for those small and medium firms, in their development of a supply base and sourcing strategy for production in China.
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Getachew, Julian (Julian B. ). "Analysis and sourcing of the mechanical equipment required for a ceramic pot filter production facility." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68839.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 118).
Research was done into identifying and sourcing the mechanical equipment required for manufacturing ceramic pot filters, specifically for use in the Pure Home Water factory in Northern Ghana. The pieces of equipment identified were a hammer mill, a mixer, a pug mill, and a mechanical press with molds for pressing the filters. Evaluative criteria for each machine were developed, and machines available from manufacturers and machines produced locally were evaluated based on these criteria. Several machines fit the evaluative criteria and were recommended for the Pure Home Water facility. The Meadows Model 5 hammer mill was recommended for purchase from the manufacturer. Of the mixers researched, the mixer made by RDI-C, the Bluebird 24S mixer, and the mixer designed by Prof. Manny Hernandez all satisfy the requirements of Pure Home Water. The pug mill recommended for Pure Home Water was the Venco 75mm pug mill. The Mani Press and the paraboloid molds were also recommended for the Pure Home Water facility.
by Julian Getachew.
S.B.
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Kwamena, Felix A. "Regional economic development based on major resource exploitation: Capital equipment sourcing for Hibernia hydrocarbon production." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5994.
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This thesis is concerned with the regional economic impacts of the Hibernia oil and gas development. With the intention of showing the linkage-leakage process of major resource development, I develop a conceptual framework which combines notions of interregional input-output, location quotient and capital availability ratio. The framework suggests how standard approaches to input-output analysis could be modified by concepts of capital constraints; and used as a basis to formulate policies on how to extract significant economic benefits from resource development. The study shows that the impact of resource development, particularly on Newfoundland, would be restricted to a few industrial sectors. Thus, extensive regional economic development could not be carried out based mainly on natural resource projects dictated by the operations of market forces. The main reason is that there are limited manufacturing establishments in Atlantic Canada. Also, a significant portion of the equipment would be sourced from outside Canada. The results of the empirical analysis also indicate that given the manufacturing linkages between the provinces regional economic development should not be viewed in isolation, but rather should be considered within a broader context of how the regions relate to the national economy. Therefore, there is a need to develop a sourcing policy based on the principle of government-industry cooperation if the high expectations regarding the industrial and employments benefits to be generated by the Hibernia oil and gas development are to be realized. The challenge facing policy makers in the coming years would be to nurture through their initiatives government-industry cooperation, as well as, develop operational policies that would balance regional interests with national objectives; while maintaining the "Single Window" concept through the Joint Offshore Management Boards (JOMB). Finally, I discuss the recently concluded Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) which is expected to come into force on January 1, 1989. There are seven specific provisions of the Agreement which would have an impact on major oil and gas development projects and the federal regional economic development policies and programs. The implications of the FTA would present a challenge to decision makers and analysts in designing programs and policies to optimize oil and gas development related benefits.
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Jones, Grace. "Sourcing the clay : Iron Age pottery production around Poole Harbour and the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset, UK." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2017. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/29885/.
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One of the most ubiquitous types of Romano-British coarseware pottery, Black- burnished ware 1 (BB1), was produced around the shores of Poole Harbour, in South East Dorset. Previous researchers have shown that this industry was already well- established by the 1st century BC, while reports documenting excavations at earlier Iron Age sites in Dorset indicate that its roots can be traced back to around 700 BC. However, little is known about the production and circulation of wares during these formative phases of the industry, a topic that is addressed by the research presented here with a specific focus on the clays selected by potters working between 700 BC and 100 BC. A typology of Iron Age Poole Harbour wares has been compiled, drawing together the range of forms found on sites across Dorset. A programme of fieldwork revealed that the landscape of Poole Harbour and the Isle of Purbeck offered a range of clays and sands to the potters. Petrological analysis of 255 sherds of pottery illustrated that the Poole Harbour ware fabrics are characterised by the presence of elongated argillaceous inclusions and a low incidence of silt-sized quartz, with variability in the range of larger quartz grains. Thin sections of 105 clay samples revealed the silt content of the clays is greater than that of the pottery, suggesting potters levigated the raw clay rather than simply utilising a naturally sandy clay. Examination of the elongated argillaceous inclusions in the pottery, using petrology and a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, indicated they are a component of the clay rather than shale fragments added as temper. Compositional analysis of 100 samples of pottery and clay, using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, demonstrated the potters selected the iron-rich, red- firing clays, rather than the malleable white-firing clays. It also revealed that during the earlier Iron Age the potters utilised the Wealden Clay deposits from the southern side of the Purbeck Ridge, but exploited the Poole Formation clays to the north during the later Iron Age. The wider cultural context of this change is considered and it is suggested that shifting settlement patterns may have influenced the location of the expanding production sites and their ties to communication networks.
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Okonkwo, Christopher Ndubuisi. "Electricity Sector Reform: Sourcing and Cost Management of Electricity for Steel Manufacturing in Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3056.
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In 2014, Lazard levelized cost of energy analysis model priced diesel powered systems at $0.225 – $0.404/KWh and a range of $0.165 – $0.242/KWh for gas-powered systems. The model gave a range of $0.28 – $0.33/kWh for diesel and a range of $0.14/kWh – $0.16/kW for gas fired. Nigeria has an abundance of gas reserves, but heavy gas flaring by oil companies perpetuates power failure across Nigeria. What has resulted is an unreliable electricity infrastructure and a high cost of alternative energy. The Electricity Power Sector Reform Act of 2005 started the reform process. Guided by decision theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to understand the perceptions of business leaders at the steel manufacturing businesses on how the use of multiple supply sources of electricity might lead to survival, growth, and profitability. The study’s population consisted of 10 steel manufacturing companies in the Southwest region of Nigeria. The data were collected via semistructured interviews with the leaders who source energy, a review of archival records, and observations of company officials placing orders from multiple sources. The van Kaam method of data analysis generated 5 themes: cost of generating electricity and the investment in alternative sources of energy, erratic power supply and its impact on the steel production industry, quality of power supply relative to the capacity and its impact on profits, electricity factor in the steel production process, and use of multiple sources. These findings may contribute to social change by increasing employment opportunities for members of the local community, who will have an enhanced understanding about steel and seize entrepreneurial opportunities.
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Raghu, Rajath, and Jean-Baptiste Brat. "The Influence of Logistics Outsourcing on Supply Chain Management." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19528.
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This research work as part of a Master thesis aims to analyse the potential influence of outsourced logistics function on supply chain management from a strategic perspective. To carry out this thesis work a survey is designed to collect all the necessary data, in order to investigate the influence of outsourced logistics activities. The survey targets professionals in the area of logistics from Sweden and France, a response rate of 10% and 36% has been respectively obtained. A statistical analysis has been realized by using the ANOVA method which allows us to evaluate statistically significant results. Hence the analysis carried out answersthe research questions formulated.Our findings have shown a similar trend in Sweden and France on the outsourced logistics activities; mainly transportation and custom brokerage respectively at 80% and 60% are outsourced. According to the responses obtained from the survey, these activities tend to influence supply chain management and its strategy.As for example in Sweden, outsourcing transportation tends to initiate a need of organizational collaboration for an effective supply chain. The following functions such as warehousing, inventory control, order processing, product assembly, reverse logistics and information technology are less outsourced. However we noticed an increase in their use and importance on supply chain management. This can be explained by the recent and significant developments in the field of Information Technology, as well as the growing importance of sustainability for firms. For example for Swedish organizations, outsourcing order processing seems to lead to a focus on responsive supply chain, to use of postponement strate gies and an importance in collaboration across the supply chain. Results are different for companies in France as the main influence of outsourcing logistics activities is more on seen the supply chain as a whole with a great importance in partnership and an interest in standardization of method and re-engineering the supply chain as well as in a sustainable way.For further research work, it will be immensely appealing to develop a framework that defines strategies and managerial issues within the supply chain, considering outsourced logistics functions. Moreover, this research work can be carried out by using different methodologies such as the use of interviews.
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Ricardo, Alexandre. "Gestão de global sourcing em empresas multinacionais com unidades produtivas em mercados emergentes: caso das subsidiárias brasileiras." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3383.
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A crescente competição por mercados consumidores, impulsionada pela globalização, tem demandado das organizações a implementação de estratégias para suportar estas novas condições comerciais, de forma a manter a sua participação nos negócios, bem como propiciar crescimento. Neste contexto, destaca-se a necessidade de adoção de estratégias e processos eficientes de gestão entre matriz e subsidiárias, em destaque, a gestão de fornecimento de insumos para produção. O presente estudo tem como tema central a gestão de global sourcing. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar como as subsidiárias de produção de empresas multinacionais estrangeiras, instaladas no Brasil, estão inseridas e participam da estratégia de global sourcing da organização. Para tanto, foi conduzida, inicialmente, uma pesquisa na bibliografia sobre a estratégia de global sourcing, onde se identificou uma lacuna em relação à interação da subsidiária na estratégia global de fornecimento. Os estudos desenvolvidos, até então, possuem foco na matriz, abordando os formatos de gestão a partir destas. A pesquisa de campo foi adotada como método, utilizando-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas em profundidade com gestores locais de fornecimento, além de pesquisas documentais. A amostra foi composta de oito empresas multinacionais estrangeiras com unidades produtivas no Brasil. Foram verificados diferentes estágios da função de compras, conforme modelo proposto por Monczka e Trent (2003a), sendo a maior parte da amostra caracterizada por arranjos organizacionais, formas de gerenciamento e controle classificados na estratégia de global sourcing, e, em menor representatividade, empresas com atuação no nível de compras internacionais. Destaca-se o formato de participação da subsidiária de produção como parcialmente alinhado com a estratégia de global sourcing, reativo às demandas originadas a partir desta com maior representatividade na amostra. O estudo sugere uma revisão do formato de abordagem das subsidiárias de produção, passando a uma gestão mais proativa, alinhada com as estratégias de global sourcing da organização, bem como atendendo, no seu nível de atuação, as melhores práticas referenciadas na bibliografia pesquisada.
The growing competition for consumer markets, driven by globalization, has required organizations to put in practice strategies to support new business conditions in order to keep its market share and provide continuous growing. In this context, we highlight the needs to implement strategies and processes to have efficient management between headquarters and subsidiaries, highlighted the management of supply. This paper is focused on the management of global sourcing. The aim of the research was to perform analysis of how the production subsidiaries of foreign multinationals, operating in Brazil, are embedded and attend to organizations global sourcing strategies. Initially, an extensive literature research on the global sourcing strategy was made, which identified a gap related to the interaction of the subsidiary in the overall supply. Previous studies have been focused on the organization world headquarters, strategies to implement and manage global sourcing. The field research was adopted as a research method, using visits, and semi-structured interview in-depth with local supply managers, and documentary research. Sample was composed of eight foreign multinational companies with production facilities in Brazil. Different stages of the purchasing function have been identified, according to stage model proposed by Monczka e Trent (2003a). Most of them were characterized by organizational arrangements, management and control forms classified in global sourcing strategy, and significantly less, companies operating at the level of international purchases. Noteworthy, it was identified in most of companies visited, that production subsidiary participation is partially aligned with the strategy of global sourcing, reactive to the demands from world headquarters. The study suggests that local production subsidiaries should review its approach related to the global sourcing management, becoming more proactive, aligned with the organization global sourcing strategy, as well as serving in their level of expertise, best practices referenced in the literature.
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Spejchal, Luděk. "Optimalizace sourcingu v konkrétní frimě." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10357.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is a detailed view of a process and way of managing all the sourcing activities in the company Thermo Fischer Scientific. The focus (of my work) is a czech site of mentioned company situated in Mukařov, which, apart from production itself, is engaged also in sourcing for its own needs (where in most cases it has a decision power in its own hands) as well as for the whole company in the global measure (where it operates just as an intermediate searching for possible business partners, without any powers of decision). The main contribution of my work lies in the comparison of both of these variations and detailed investigation and description of all the activities that could help to optimize the global sourcing. I found out that entire optimizations are based on communication improvements among all the sourcing managers and technologists within the global corporation. On the basis of this fact I have projected models of documents the sourcing managers should work with, suppliers database and an information server. The result of my work is a process scheme which should contribute to the outsourced projects optimization.
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Dodin, Yann. "Implementation of tools and supply chain management in a small structure." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-80604.
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Stoner, Wesley Durrell. "COARSE ORANGE POTTERY EXCHANGE IN SOUTHERN VERACRUZ: A COMPOSITIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON CENTRALIZED CRAFT PRODUCTION AND EXCHANGE IN THE CLASSIC PERIOD." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2002. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukyanth2002t00066/Stoner%5Fthesis2002.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kentucky, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 171 p. : ill. ; maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-169).
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NORONHA, Gustavo Silva. "Terceirização e precarização do trabalho no setor público: a percepção do vigilante frente à vigília do capital." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2014. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/656.
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Analisamos os processos de precarização nas atividades de vigilância armada nos bancos públicos, via terceirização. Tendo como base a reestruturação produtiva, assim como o neoliberalismo, problematizamos a prática da terceirização como principal modo de ampliação da acumulação capitalista. É nesta perspectiva que ela é inserida no setor público via reforma gerencial, vindo a modificar o processo de trabalho no interior do Estado. Colocando sob a análise o trabalho terceirizado dos vigilantes nos bancos públicos, foi possível examinar as especificidades da precarização neste setor. A partir de entrevistas com esses trabalhadores, apresentamos elementos que desmistificam a inexistência de conflitos de classe, evidenciando assim, a relação antagonista entre capital e trabalho dentro dessas instituições. O estudo, desta forma, expõe as modificações promovidas pelo capital para intensificar os mecanismos de exploração. Ao final, apresentamos os impactos do processo de terceirização sobre a vida do trabalhador e identificamos que a terceirização no setor público representa a possibilidade de ampliar ainda mais a acumulação, isto é, precarizar a níveis mais altos o trabalho. Este trabalho representa uma contribuição empírica aos estudos críticos marxistas iniciados há pelo menos duas décadas, no que se refere ao mundo do trabalho e suas transformações contemporâneas.We analyzed the instability in armed surveillance activities in public banks, through outsourcing. Based on productive restructuring, as well as neoliberalism, problematize the practice of outsourcing as the main mode of expansion of capitalist accumulation. From this perspective, it is inserted through the public sector management of the reform’s public sector been changing the work process within the state. Putting on the analysis of the work outsourced vigilant in public banks, it was possible to examine the specifics of precarious process. From interviews with these workers, introduce elements that demystify the absence of class conflict, thus evidencing the antagonistic relationship between capital and labor within these institutions. The study thus exposes the modifications promoted by capital to strengthen the mechanisms of exploitation. Finally, we present the impact of business process outsourcing on the lives of workers and identified that outsourcing in the public sector is able to further extend the accumulation, in other words, the highest levels precarious work. This work represents an empirical contribution to Marxist critics started studies for at least two decades, with regard to the working world and its contemporary transformations.
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Sahin, Turan. "GESTALTUNG DER WELTWEITEN BESCHAFFUNG UNTER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG INTERNATIONALER PRODUKTIONSNETZWERKE: THEORIE, DETERMINANTEN UND ERFOLGSFAKTOREN." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-118064.
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Increased trends towards globalisation, optimization of the value chain, outsourcing of activities and focus on core competentencies result in increased importance of procurement's role, in that it causes high attention from top management.The focus from top management is based on the change of the cost structure, i.e. lowering internal value chain and an increase of material and purchasing costs above 50 %. The core objectives of the worldwide procurement are internationalization, strategic focus and costs reduction. There are high expectations towards procurement. First, to generate procurement savings on a global scale, to identify the best procurement markets, finding the best supplier and to determine the world class price level. The study has been targeted to analyze the configuration of worldwide procurement organizations and the impact of international production network on procurement. Furthermore, to benchmark international sourcing activities on a global scale, resulting in identification of critical success factors for improving the procurement quality and effectiveness.
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O'Brien, Steven. "Harnessing Collective Intelligence for Translation: An Asssessment of Crowdsourcing as a Means of Bridging the Canadian Linguistic Digital Divide." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20025.
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This study attempts to shed light on the efficacy of crowdsourcing as a means of translating web content in Canada. Within, we seek to explore and understand if a model can be created that can estimate the effectiveness of crowdsourced translation as a means of bridging the Canadian Linguistic Digital Divide. To test our hypotheses and models, we use structural equation modeling techniques coupled with confidence intervals for comparing experimental crowdsourced translation to both professional and machine translation baselines. Furthermore, we explore a variety of factors which influence the quality of the experimental translations, how those translations performed in the context of their source text, and the ways in which the views of the quality of the experimental translations were measured before and after participants were made aware of how the experimental translations were created.
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Mestriner, Carlos Alberto. "Identificação e análise dos fatores críticos que interferem na relação entre o suprimento global e a produção enxuta." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-06122010-105847/.
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O aumento da competitividade entre as empresas no mundo globalizado vem exigindo das mesmas uma melhoria constante das suas operações para buscar ou manter produtos e serviços de alta qualidade a baixos custos e, assim, manterem-se no mercado. Um dos pilares utilizados pelas empresas para sustentar esta melhoria constante é a filosofia de produção enxuta. Com esta filosofia, elas eliminam desperdícios e se beneficiam da redução do inventário, do lead time e custos de produção, melhoram o fluxo de trabalho e a qualidade dos produtos, entre outros. Outro pilar adotado por várias empresas é o suprimento global. As melhorias necessárias, no entanto, podem ser alcançadas com outros pilares além desses, mas que não serão abordados neste estudo. Com o suprimento global, as empresas se beneficiam de custos reduzidos na aquisição dos produtos, acesso a produtos de alta qualidade e conquista de novos mercados através da disponibilização de produtos inexistentes no mercado doméstico. Entretanto, o longo lead time de entrega dos produtos, conseqüente de vários fatores, provoca um aumento do nível de inventário, penalizando os objetivos da produção enxuta. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e analisar fatores críticos que tornam, até certo ponto, conflitantes a associação entre as áreas de produção enxuta e de suprimento global. Os fatores identificados na literatura foram: idioma e cultura, flutuação de câmbio, desembaraço alfandegário, complexidades legais, infraestrutura de transporte, ruptura da cadeia de suprimentos, fuso horário, serviço pós-venda, necessidade de consolidação de volumes no transporte e a relação entre fornecedor-cliente. A presença desses fatores como agentes interferentes na relação entre a produção enxuta e o suprimento global foi analisada em um estudo de caso, uma empresa do ramo da saúde. A maioria dos fatores detectados mostrou-se presente na empresa analisada sendo que desembaraço alfandegário, complexidades legais, ruptura da cadeia de suprimentos e variação cambial foram considerados os fatores de maior impacto. Este trabalho poderá contribuir fornecendo subsídios para a elaboração de propostas que amenizem os aspectos aparentemente conflitantes entre as duas áreas mencionadas e, assim, garantir os benefícios de ambas.The increasing competitiveness in today\'s global marketplace has compelled companies to continuously improve their internal operations while offering high quality products at lower costs. Lean production has been adopted by companies as a way to boost improvement efforts. The lean philosophy aims at eliminating waste and reducing inventory, which in turn may bring about various benefits such as reduced lead time, lower production costs, better workflow and increased quality of products. Global sourcing has also emerged as another philosophy to help companies increase competitiveness. Other philosophies and practices are believed to bring companies the same benefits, but they have not been addressed in this research. Some of the benefits that may result from global sourcing are lower purchasing costs, access to higher quality products and entrance to new markets by offering new products to the domestic market. However, the long lead time required to delivery products, which may result from a variety of reasons, will cause inventory to increase, thus reducing the benefits of lean production. Hence, the objective of this work is to identify and analyze the factors that cause conflict between global sourcing and lean production. The literature points out some factors, such as language, culture, fluctuation of the exchange rate, customs paperwork, legal issues, transport infrastructure, disruptions in the supply chain, time zone, after-sales service, the need to consolidate transport volumes and the buyer-supplier relationship. The impact of these factors over global sourcing, as well as the lean production initiatives, was analyzed during a case study conducted in a firm from the health sector. Most of the aforementioned factors could be detected during the case study, whereas customs paperwork, legal issues, disruptions in the supply chain and fluctuations in the exchange rate were the ones that most affected the company. The results of this work contribute to the body of knowledge by providing evidence for the development of new approaches that seek to mitigate such factors while maintaining the benefits of both lean production and global sourcing.
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Dunert, Sofie, and Patrik Westerling. "Outsourcing and Sustained Competitive Advantage : How do Swedish technical production firms in a competitive environment and high technical uncertainty find the right balance between outsourcing and in-house development that enhances their sustainable competitive advantage when they outsource their Research & Development externally?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-5299.
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The purpose of this thesis is to find out when Research and Development (R&D) becomes a suitable attribute for a production company to outsource. In an environment where innovations are following up quickly up and uncertainty about the type of innovation and customer is a fact, external sourcing can bring a competitive advantage. The empirical evidence shows that when R&D is outsourced the total cost does not increase at a due cause of outsourcing in this given study.
Although a lot of theory explains outsourcing as a cost increasing factor, the internal experience and frequent relation between the technical production company Beta and its R&D vendor company Alfa can decrease costs considerably due to lower communication and governance costs. This was not explicitly expressed in related theory and is therefore a contribution to the academia as well as for managers who seek to find an answer to the question of when to outsource and when not to outsource.
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洪建忠. "The Origins quality management , Poka Yoke Devices and single sourcing of lean production, research of the influence of product quality." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38463421538113138015.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
企業管理學系國際企業經營管理
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Abstract In this research, the study objects are three Auto Parts Factories in the Changhua County, and using the case Study Method, however; the questionnaire survey is belonged to Quantitative Analysis. The purpose is to probe into the Auto Parts supply bad rate, Auto Parts manufacturing bad rate and customer complaint rate. Trying to import a Single Procurement Source, Poka Yoke Devices and Origins Quality Management, then implement the Quality Status before and after Analysis in these factories. The approaches are Depth interview, Field observation, Questionnaire survey and Expected results analysis, then build the structures for this research as the foundation throughout the study period. When we made the Depth interviews for these factories, we expected that we can know about the information of the proprietors and the supervisors such as the extent of understanding the management strategy of Lean Production, the willing of implementing the management strategy of Lean Production and the extent of active participation. Besides, when we had Field observation to these factories, expecting we can not only confirm Depth interview results but also give the proprietors and the supervisors appropriate suggestions about daily quality management. The purpose of questionnaire survey is to understand how much progressive we can expect after they have implemented the management strategy of Lean production. Specifically, we would like to know if we implement the management strategy of Lean production in Taiwan, how much progressive we would have. The categories are as follows, 1. Decrease the Auto Parts supply bad rate 2. Decrease the Auto Parts manufacturing bad rate 3. Decrease the customer complaint rate In this research, we use questionnaire analysis approach mainly and AMOS16.0 to analyze Confirmatory Factor Analysis in order to verify Factor loading, Construct Reliability and average variance. The results are the Factor loadings are >0.7, Construct Reliabilities are >0.6 and AVE are>0.5. As a result, we can confirm that the questionnaire analysis is having Content Validity and Construct Validity. Using SPSS 17.0 to analyze Exploratory Factor Analysis, and then generate the Factor analysis summary table from predicted questionnaire. It shows that the KMO values (Kaiser-Meyer- Olkin) of Origins Quality Management, Poka Yoke Devices, Single Procurement Source and Quality performance are >0.6. Besides, the Bartlett tests of sphericity are also significant. Factor loadings are>0.7. This questionnaire is composed of 4 to 6 dimensions which can be proved by total variance explained and cumulative explained variance. Each dimension Cronbach's Alpha is > 0.7. The overall Cronbach's Alpha values is > 0.8. Therefore, we can conclude that the reliability of this questionnaire is good. We use Field observation and Depth interview secondary. However, some of the results are not significant. We judge may result from the implementation period is too short. Basically, the implementation direction is correct and can be mutual correspondence with the research hypotheses. In addition, we discover that the research data is significantly progressive.
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Tan, Burcu. "Risk mitigation strategies for project management, platform development and supply chain design." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2404.
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This dissertation studies strategies to mitigate the risks associated with operational and strategic decisions of a firm, particularly focusing on project management, product development and procurement decisions. In the first essay we develop two simulation-based methods to evaluate risky capital investment projects that involve managerial flexibility. Many risky projects are characterized by significant demand and operational risks (such as learning curve uncertainty) that are difficult to capture by simple stochastic processes. We propose using system dynamics simulations to estimate the cash flow resulting from these projects and build upon prior work on real options valuation in the decision analysis literature to develop two valuation algorithms. In the second essay we explore the technology investment decisions for platforms in markets that exhibit cross-network effects. We focus on the trade-off firms must make between investing new product development resources to increase a platform's core performance and functionality versus investments designed to leverage the platform's cross-network effects. Abstracting from examples drawn from multiple industries, we use a strategic model to gain intuition about how to make such trade-off decisions under competition. In the third essay, we analyze the optimal procurement strategy of a firm that faces supply and demand risk. In particular, the firm can source from two unreliable suppliers with different delivery characteristics. We study the optimal order allocation policy shaped by the trade-offs between delivery leadtime, reliability and procurement cost. Further, we discuss the value of leadtime flexibility in supply risk mitigation and highlight the role of an inferior supplier in a firm's multi-sourcing strategy. The main contribution of this dissertation to the operations management literature is two-fold. First, it illustrates the role of effective risk mitigation through operational strategies of leadtime flexibility and supply diversification as well as through recognizing managerial flexibility. Second, it highlights the importance of leveraging third-party content development while making technology investment decisions for platforms in two-sided markets.text
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Debela, Elias Berhanu. "The role of micro and small enterprises (MSA) in local economic development (LED), with a focus on the wood-work MSE value chain." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14325.
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This research had an objective of exploring the role of MSEs in LED through analysis of wood-work MSE value chain. The basic research questions underscore what the domestic wood-work value chain looks like; what major weaknesses and challenges confront the operation of MSEs; what major areas of upgrading and inter-firm relations are evident in the sector; and what MSE value chains contribute to LED. The research exercise was based on review of related literature and a field survey, involving MSE operators drawn from the study area (Addis Ababa). Mixed method of analysis (quantitative and qualitative) was employed to deal with the data collected through questionnaires and interviews. Porter’s model of VC (1985) and UNIDO’s description of wood-work VC (2005) were used to provide conceptual framework. The wood-work sub-sector in Ethiopia has a domestic value chain since main inputs are from local sources, designs are by local producers, and products are for domestic markets. Domestic actors govern the allocation of resources and the distribution of benefits. Public enterprises control plantations hence primary inputs. Wholesalers in turn control inputs, which finally reach MSEs through retailers. Design, production and marketing decisions are made by MSE operators. Middlemen are minor as most of the products reach consumers directly. The value-chain’s downstream is thus described by a short distribution-channel. Horizontal, non-market, linkages characterize inter-firm relations; whereas, arm’s length market linkages dominate the supplier-MSE-buyer relations. In the absence of “lead firms”, wood-work MSE value chains fail to qualify for the mainstream “buyer-driven” model. Without buyer-dominated quasi-hierarchical relationship, MSEs exercise “incremental upgrading” through learning-by-doing. Measures taken to upgrade the production process are considerably inclined to the physical (hardware) aspects of the firm. The MSE value-chain is restrained by internal and external problems. The current state of design marks underdeveloped links in the chain and delays entry into competitive markets. Despite the drawbacks, MSEs enable localities mobilize fragmented resources and create employment. MSEs contribute to LED through the value chain, right from input-sourcing to production and marketing. Inter-firm relations and upgrading efforts uphold the contributions.Development Studies
Ph. D. (Development Studies)