Academic literature on the topic 'Productive models'
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Journal articles on the topic "Productive models"
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Khusainov, A. T., and A. V. Strekalov. "MODELS HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS PRODUCTIVE FORMATIONS." Oil and Gas Business, no. 5 (October 2014): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2014-5-119-133.
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Mathews, John. "Organisational Innovation: Competing Models of Productive Efficiency." Human Systems Management 14, no. 1 (1995): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1995-14107.
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Muharom, Fauzi. "Model-Model Kreatif Distribusi Zakat Berbasis Masyarakat." Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 10, no. 1 (2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v10i1.35-51.
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This writing is aimed at exploring the models of zakat distribution that might be most applicable in modern era. This is necessary sine the zakat distribution presently doesn’t meet the persons in need maximally. Besides, the unnecessary impacts of zakat sometimes occur such as creating envy and quarreling among the people. Zakat can be distributed in consumptive and productive models. Consumptive models is a model in which zakat is directly give to the people to consume. In the productive models, zakat is distributed in such a way that zakat not is directly consumed at once but it is given to the people for production activity. Productive models involve In Kind, Revolving Fund (al-qard al-hasan), and mudarabah system. In kind system, zakat is distributed in the forms of production equipments. People use those equipment for productive activities so they can do business for their life. In revolving fund (al-qard al-hasan) system, zakat is given similar the the system in al-qard al- hasan, but and quarreling the profit of the business is shared with the zakat management board.
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Apez, Marina. "Approaches To The Factors Involved In The Economic And Productive Performance Of Dairy Farmas In The Pampas Region." Visión de Futuro, no. 28, No 1 (Enero – Junio) (June 1, 2023): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36995/j.visiondefuturo.2023.28.01.004.en.
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Bovine milk production is carried out in complex productive systems that require constant monitoring of the factors that question them. Likewise, the sector needs to understand the stagnation of annual production at the national level, characterized by a drop in the number of establishments and herds, and a progressive productive efficiency. This entails the study of the determinants of both the economic (EP) and productive (PP) performance of the establishments, what could allow them to improve their competitiveness and, together with other exogenous factors, collaborate to overcome this prolonged stage of productive stability. Starting from a typology of dairy farms in the Pampas Region, the behavior of variables (profitability, cost of production and productivity of the land) and their interrelationship are analyzed. Finally, flexible econometric models that approximate the estimation of the economic and productive performance of the systems under study are formed and analyzed, based on factors that may be decisive for their evolution. The best models resulted from those that used synthetic variables (principal components) as inputs, compared to those that made us and selection of system-specific variables, correcting problems of multicollinearity. The use of instrumental variables could contribute to the resolution of the multicausality present among the factors of the models analyzed.
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Pavlova, Natal’ya Gennad’evna. "СLOSEDNESS OF THE TECHNOLOGY SET IN DYNAMICAL PRODUCTION MODELS". Tambov University Reports. Series: Natural and Technical Sciences, № 124 (2018): 666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0198-2018-23-124-666-673.
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The paper is a study of some properties of the technology set in dynamical production models. The models under consideration are treated as a linear dynamical control systems, where the input is the non-productive consumption function, which takes values from a convex closed finitely generated cone.
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Oktarina, Amimah, and Asnaini Asnaini. "Developing Models of Productive Waqf Masjid Agung Syuhada Yogyakarta." QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 6, no. 1 (2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v6i1.3719.
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<p><em>The problems of poverty and social inequality in a country with a majority Muslim population is of concern, one of which is Indonesia. One of the religious institution in Islam which are of direct relevance functionally with efforts to solve social problems and humanity is waqf. The emergence of the paradigm of productive waqf, is a momentum as an attempt to transform from its traditional management of waqf professional management. Masjid Agung Syuhada Yogyakarta can be considered successful in the management of this productive waqf for their productive economic programs. In this paper will discuss how to model the development of productive waqf in Masjid Agung Syuhada Yogyakarta. By using methods of field research and qualitative approach to the data will be obtained and analyzed through qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. Data were obtained through in-depth observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed productive waqf that have been applied by Masjid Agung Syuhada Yogyakarta made many contributions both internally and externally through the productive economy that is sustainable. Waqf funds collected are managed properly and professionally so that the distribution can also be dialogue, it means that the waqf funds channeled productively with their development in several business areas in Masjid Agung Syuhada Yogyakarta.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
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Tang, Peng, and Hong Bin Yu. "Planning and Scheduling Models for EMAS Productive Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.553.
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This paper addresses the problems of EMAS (an engineer material to arresting aircraft on the ground) production operation that the intensity of each product was uneven and cellular concrete was not completely crumple.In order to solve the problem the development of a nonlinear planning model for EMAS production was presented. The model is based on the company it could be helpful in guiding production. The second part of the work were optimization the model and get theoretical optimal value rely on both continuous and discrete time representations.
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Linnemann, Ludger, and Andreas Schabert. "PRODUCTIVE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE IN MONETARY BUSINESS CYCLE MODELS." Scottish Journal of Political Economy 53, no. 1 (2006): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9485.2006.00369.x.
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Montalban, M., and M. E. Sakinc. "Financialization and productive models in the pharmaceutical industry." Industrial and Corporate Change 22, no. 4 (2013): 981–1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtt023.
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Pietsukh, O. I. "CONCEPT THE UK SOCIAL SPHERE: PRODUCTIVE METAPHORICAL MODELS." "Scientific notes of V. I. Vernadsky Taurida National University", Series: "Philology. Journalism" 1, no. 1 (2023): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2710-4656/2023.1.1/31.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Productive models"
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Zennaro, Ilenia. "Total productive maintenance models and tools in flow line manufacturing systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422415.
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Productive Plants Maintenance is a strategic function of industrial realities that aims to ensure the regular functioning and good conservation of productive equipment. (OSCE, 1993); in particular, it comprehends all technical and administrative techniques, including controlling activities, that aim to restore to and/or maintain an item in a condition in which it can performed the required function (UNI9910). A company, at in a first moment, decides to invest a part of its capital in new equipment for production, to reach its core business goals and gains success; in a second moment, anyway, it is necessary to invest resources and time to guarantee its correct functioning and conservation, to satisfy the productive expectation (Pay Back).
TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) is an industrial tool that comprehends all techniques and methods that aim to optimize industrial plants effectiveness, through equipment availability improvement and making downtime and failure decrease. TPM paradigm aims to increase productivity (Productive), involving all the staff (Total), through maintenance (Maintenance). TPM benefits are well known in our industries: companies that applied these techniques registered a reduction of failures of about 50%, a reduction of production loss of about 70%, the 60% of reduction of maintenance costs and, finally, 50-90% of reduction in set-up time.
However its implementation in industrial realities it is not always so easy: it is necessary to take care to some critical factors that might influence the success of the project. In the world of automatic production systems, where the human factor is reduced and often useless, to involve people in equipment maintenance might be hard. Moreover, to align production and maintenance requirements, in order to optimize equipment availability, means to plan together production downtime, looking to satisfy the demand that is becoming more and more variable and uncertain, with shortest lead time.
In this context, this work aims to carry out a useful framework to apply TPM in automatic production systems, in particular in Food & Beverage sector, focusing on the drivers that might influence its implementation. Food Industry, in addition to peculiarities related to the automation world, is characterized by factors related to security, safety, quality and sustainability. From literature review about many case studies of TPM Implementation it arises that the application of this paradigm on industrial realities requires a very long time and a lot of resources, and its benefits are slowly to arise. What is proposed in this work is different in the way it aims to maximize and to highlight TPM benefits in a faster way; the framework, in particular, is focused on carrying out productive equipment criticalities, through the use of various tools and techniques, to optimize and arise results. Therefore, it is propose the application of the framework to a real industrial case.
Then, a second part of this work is dedicated to micro downtime analysis in automatic production flow lines. In fact, as it arises from the case study, micro downtime is the greatest cause of inefficiency in these production systems. Micro downtime can be related to technical and/or design causes, or to the normal functioning of more machines working in series with different characteristics. Sometime micro downtime inefficiency could be solved with technical solutions, if they result convenient (efficiency
improvement compared to the investment proposed); in other cases it is required to evaluate the buffer size and allocation. In fact, in this sector, machines downtime might be related to lack of product in ingress ( the upstream machine is down – starving) or the excess of product in exit (the downstream machine is down – blocked).
The Ph.D. thesis structure is the follow:
1. State of the art analysis about factors that influence TPM implementation in automatic production systems and about food and beverage sector peculiarities; the core objective is to identify an innovative and structured framework for TPM implementation; what is new in the proposed framework is the focus on accelerated and visible benefits.
2. TPM framework application to a real industrial case, in particular a bottling line. During the framework implementation, micro downtime arise as the core inefficiency.
3. State of the art analysis about Downtime in automatic production systems, focusing on micro downtime impact on production efficiency and machines availability. Improvement for these inefficiencies are proposed as: technical solutions related to the improvement of equipment effectiveness (CPI – Cost Performance Indicator) or evaluation of buffer sizing and location through a simulative model (BAP – Buffer Allocation Problem);
4. Micro downtime analysis applied to a real case study; construction of the CPI, when possible, and of a new simulative model to evaluate buffer sizing and allocation. It is proposed a new simulative model based on ad hoc micro downtime probability distribution (Weibull Distribution for each micro downtime).
This Ph.D. Thesis has been carries out in strong collaboration with Acqua Minerale San Benedetto S.p.A., that made possible the framework implementation and data collection.<br>La Manutenzione degli Impianti Produttivi è una funzione strategica delle realtà industriali che ha l’obiettivo di assicurare il funzionamento regolare ed il buono stato di conservazione di questi sistemi (OSCE, 1993); in particolare, secondo la definizione UNI9910, essa comprende tutte le azioni tecniche ed amministrative, incluse le azioni di supervisione, volte a mantenere o a riportare un’entità in uno stato in cui possa eseguire la funzione richiesta. Se inizialmente un’azienda decide di investire una parte del proprio capitale nella costruzione ed avviamento di un nuovo impianto produttivo, successivamente è necessario investire tempo e risorse per il suo mantenimento, al fine di mantenere i requisiti richiesti e soddisfare le aspettative (Pay Back).
Il TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) consiste in un insieme di tecniche e strumenti che hanno la funzione di ottimizzare il mantenimento degli impianti produttivi, aumentandone l’affidabilità e riducendo fermi e guasti. Il TPM mira ad aumentare la produttività degli impianti (Productive), coinvolgendo tutto il personale (Total), attraverso la manutenzione (Maintenance). I benefici del TPM sono ormai ben noti nelle industrie: le aziende che hanno implementato tale paradigma hanno registrato una riduzione dei guasti del 50%, del 70% di produzione persa, del 60 % dei costi di manutenzione e tra il 50-90% dei tempi di set-up.
Tuttavia la sua implementazione non è sempre facile e diretta: è necessario porre attenzione ad alcuni fattori che possono pesantemente incidere sul successo del progetto. Per quanto riguarda il mondo degli impianti automatizzati, dove il fattore umano è ridotto e spesso estraneo, coinvolgere il personale nel mantenimento delle macchine può risultare difficoltoso. L’obiettivo di allineare esigenze produttive e manutentive, nell’ottica di ottimizzare l’affidabilità degli impianti, implica concordare fermi produttivi rispettando tempi di consegna sempre più ristretti con previsioni della domanda estremamente variabili; pertanto risulta evidente come ottimizzare la produzione attraverso la manutenzione possa essere un obiettivo ambizioso nelle realtà industriali.
In tale contesto si inserisce la presente trattazione, che ha l’obiettivo di proporre un framework di applicazione di tecniche di manutenzione nel contesto degli impianti automatizzati, in particolare legato al mondo del Food & Beverage. Tale settore, oltre alle peculiarità legate al mondo automatizzato, è caratterizzato da fattori di sicurezza alimentare, elevata qualità e obiettivi a sfondo ecosostenibile. Da quanto emerso in letteratura, il processo di applicazione del TPM è lungo ed impegnativo, e spesso i suoi benefici richiedono lunghi periodi per diventare tangibili. Quanto proposto in questo lavoro si differenzia dall’attuale stato dell’arte in quanto ambisce a massimizzare ed evidenziare i benefici di tale paradigma in tempi più ristretti; il framework proposto, in particolare, mira a focalizzarsi sulle criticità degli impianti produttivi, proponendo varie tecniche risolutive al fine di massimizzare i risultati e aumentarne la visibilità. E’ poi proposta l’applicazione di tale framework ad una vera realtà industriale, quale una linea di imbottigliamento.
Una seconda parte di tale lavoro è dedicata, invece, all’analisi delle micro fermate negli impianti automatizzati. Infatti, come emerso anche dal caso studio, esse rappresentano una rilevante fonte di inefficienza negli impianti automatizzati. Le microfermate possono essere di natura tecnica e/o di progetto oppure legate al normale funzionamento di più macchine con caratteristiche differenti che lavorano in sequenza. Tale inefficienza talvolta può essere risolta con soluzioni tecniche mirate e definitive, se opportunamente convenienti (recupero efficienza rispetto investimento proposto); talvolta invece è richiesta una rivalutazione del dimensionamento del Buffer tra le due stazioni di lavoro al fine di ridurre l’incisività delle micro fermate di una macchina sull’intera linea (fenomeni di starving and blocking). Nelle linee automatizzate è frequente che una macchina si trovi nelle condizioni di non poter operare per mancanza di input (starving) o per eccesso di output (blocking).
La tesi è suddivisa in quattro fasi:
1. Analisi dello stato dell’arte dei fattori che hanno influenzato l’implementazione della TPM nei sistemi automatizzati e delle peculiarità dell’industria alimentare al fine di identificare un modello di implementazione strutturato ed innovativo; la differenza dallo stato attuale è il focus su risultati accelerati e visibili.
2. Applicazione del modello ad un impianto di imbottigliamento; individuazione delle micro fermate come causa impattante di inefficienza produttiva.
3. Analisi dello stato dell’arte sui Downtime negli impianti automatizzati, focalizzandosi sull’impatto delle micro fermate sull’efficienza produttiva ed affidabilità del sistema. Proposte di miglioramento di tali inefficienze: Soluzione tecniche mirate con modello di recupero di efficienza produttiva (CPI – Cost Performance Indicator) o rivalutazione del dimensionamento dei buffer (BAP – Buffer Allocation Problem).
4. Analisi mirata delle micro fermate di una stazione di lavoro critica e relativa costruzione del modello simulativo per valutare il dimensionamento di un buffer. Tale modello risulta innovativo in quanto è basato su distribuzioni di Weibull personalizzate per ogni tipologia di micro fermata.
Tale progetto di ricerca è stato svolto grazie alla collaborazione con Acqua Minerale San Benedetto S.p.A., che ha reso possibile l’implementazione del modello e la raccolta dei dati.
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Seeker, Luise Avelina. "Characterisation of telomere length dynamics in dairy cattle and association with productive lifespan." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29626.
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Telomeres form protective caps at the ends of linear chromosomes. They consist of repetitive DNA nucleotides and associated proteins of the shelterin complex. In vitro telomeres become shorter during cell division and when a critical shortness is reached they trigger a DNA damage response that leads to replicative senescence or apoptosis. Telomere shortening is a recognised hallmark of cellular ageing and seems to be also associated with organismal ageing. Telomere length (TL) and the rate of shortening vary across individuals and several studies have found that short telomeres and fast telomere depletion are associated with poor survival and early onset of age related diseases. However, longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the relationship of TL and TL dynamics with longevity measures. Relevant studies on livestock species are largely missing from the literature. In the dairy industry, farmers are forced to cull a considerable percentage of their heifers and cows at a young age due to fertility problems or diseases. As a consequence many replacement heifers have to be reared to maintain a specific herd size. This results in increased costs, consumption of resources, and damage to the environment. Breeding for an improved productive lifespan is difficult because longevity measures are recorded at the end of life and are known to have a low heritability. Therefore, the expected genetic improvement is generally slow, but could be considerably accelerated if an early life heritable biomarker was identified that is predictive of productive lifespan and could be used for animal selection. The question is if TL could be used as such a biomarker. The objectives of this thesis were to 1) develop robust methods to measure average relative leukocyte TL (RLTL) in cattle, 2) examine RLTL dynamics with age at a population as well as at an individual level, 3) estimate genetic parameters and 4) assess the association of RLTL and RLTL dynamics with productive lifespan. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) based assay developed for human studies was adapted to cattle and delivered robust results (repeatability > 80%, coefficient of variation=0.05). Different DNA extraction methods were tested for their effect on RLTL measurements and it was demonstrated that fast silica based DNA extraction methods are suitable for telomere projects which can improve the sample throughput and enable large-scale projects. Subsequently, RLTL in 1328 whole blood samples of 308 Holstein Friesian dairy cows and additionally in 284 whole blood samples of 38 female calves was measured. Repeatability and random regression models were used for the statistical analysis of telomere data. RLTL decreased considerably within the first year of life, but remained relatively stable afterwards at population level. Animals varied significantly in their amount and direction of telomere change. The genetic correlation between consecutive measurements in the same individual weakened with increasing sample interval from r=1 to r=0.69 which indicates that TL in the beginning of life might be under a different genetic control than TL later in life. For the first time in a livestock species we calculated heritability estimates for RLTL which were high (0.32-0.38) and remained constant over life. Long telomeres at birth were not predictive of better productive lifespan. However, animals with long RLTL at the ages of one and five years had a survival advantage. Also, animals that showed less average RLTL attrition over their lives remained in production for longer. TL dynamics differed among individuals and a considerable subset of individuals demonstrated telomere lengthening between consecutive measurements. On average, telomeres tend to shorten early in life and then remain relatively constant. While TL is a heritable trait throughout lifetime, telomere change is not heritable. Short TL at specific ages and telomere attrition over life were associated with poorer productive lifespan.
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Perry, Sarah Louise. "Developing productive habitat models of megafauna distribution in the Irish Sea using multiple source sightings data." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/d7d3da18-3d46-4eb7-813f-83aa750c4963.
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Until recently monitoring of the marine environment and its megafauna population relied on field observations and catch or strandings information. However, new approaches are being developed which take into consideration the need for information over whole sea areas over wide spatial and temporal scales for the purposes of marine spatial planning and ecological research. This thesis investigates the use of wide scale predictive species distribution modelling using multiple source sightings information combined with environmental variable data for monitoring marine megafauna. The development of new techniques for marine ecological studies is fundamental to the future of successful marine management and the development of remote sensing techniques and the availability of remotely sensed data has opened up the opportunity to investigate the marine environment on a much wider scale. Remotely sensed data derived from satellites is now widely accessible and available, including sensors for measuring sea surface temperature and productivity within our oceans. Presence-only species distribution modelling approaches were combined with historical species occurrence data alongside environmental predictor variables, including remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration, to explore the importance of predictor variables and to produce predictive maps of marine megafauna occurrence in the Irish Sea. This study found that multiple source presence-only data for marine megafauna commonly found in the wider Irish Sea can be a valuable resource for use in species distribution models to produce ecologically meaningful results.
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Portella, Carbó Ferran. "Mass unemployment in Spain (1959-2014): productive and commercial problems of a peripheral economy in global capitalism." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/362100.
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The thesis studies one of the main problems in Spain: mass unemployment. It is not a short-term problem, but a structural feature of the Spanish socio-economic system since at least the end of the 1970s, which remains unresolved.
We argue that the fundamental cause of this mass unemployment lies in the deficient Spanish productive system and its peripheral integration into European and global capitalism. This is most apparent in the collapse of the Francoist economic regime and the crisis of the democratic Transition, when the unemployment rate shot up to 21%. This legacy endures, chiefly, because the mentioned causes persist, which in addition impose the “external constraint” on economic growth and employment.
The process is as follows: 1) when the economy grows and generates employment, imports increase faster than imports and far exceed them; 2) typically, the deficit has to be financed by some sort of foreign indebtedness, until 3) the capacity to pay these liabilities is called into question and difficulties in accessing external finance arise. All of this forces or compounds a more or less traumatic contraction of domestic demand to bring external deficits down to the level for which they can obtain foreign finance. So it happened in the developments leading to the Stabilisation Plan (1959) and through the crisis of the democratic Transition (1977-1985), the accelerated integration into the European Union (1986-1993) and the millennial boom leading to the current crisis.
Besides, international trade relations also impact domestic employment when foreign finance does not falter. Between 1995 and 2007, the number of hours worked in Spain increased by 44%. Out of this rise, we prove that the vast majority (41.3 percentage points) corresponds to “Domestic Effects” and 2.7 to “Foreign Effects”. Therefore, Spanish employment benefited from international trade despite the huge trade deficits.
Nonetheless, we also show that these trade relations, the Spanish productive model and the economic growth rates above those of the main trade partners implied an increasing accumulation of foreign debt. The effects of these changes in international competitiveness were negligible and, contrary to conventional opinion, more beneficial to Spain than to Germany, France and Italy.
Catalysed by Global Financial Crisis, by 2008 it became apparent both the private and foreign over-indebtedness, which were two sides of the same coin. This prevented the reproduction of the growth model. As a consequence, and given the “austeritarian” stance of the Eurozone’s, Spain operates again, de facto, under the external constraint, which hinders the viability of policies for a return to growth as a sustainable remedy for mass unemployment.
The thesis also provides theoretical and methodological contributions to the field of macroeconomics and suggests broad policy recommendations.<br>La tesi estudia un dels principals problemes d’Espanya: l’atur de masses. No és un problema conjuntural, sinó una característica estructural del sistema soci-econòmic espanyol com a mínim des de finals dels anys 1970, que no s’ha resolt mai.
Argumentem que la causa principal d’aquest atur de masses resideix en la deficient estructura productiva espanyola i la seva integració perifèrica en el capitalisme europeu i global. Això és especialment evident en el col·lapse del sistema econòmic franquista i la crisi de la Transició a la democràcia (1977—1985), quan es va disparar la taxa d’atur fins al 21%. Aquest llegat perdura, sobretot, perquè també ho fan les causes esmentades, que a més imposen la “restricció externa” al creixement econòmic i de l’ocupació.
El procés és el següent: 1) quan l’economia creix i genera ocupació, les importacions creixen més i superen de llarg les exportacions; 2) el dèficit típicament s’ha de finançar amb alguna forma d’endeutament extern, fins que 3) la capacitat de pagament d’aquest passiu és qüestionada i sorgeixen dificultats per seguir accedint al finançament extern. Això força o agreuja una contracció de la demanda domèstica més o menys traumàtica per reduir els dèficits fins al nivell que poden obtenir finançament. Així es comprova en la trajectòria que va conduir al Pla d’Estabilització (1959), durant la crisi de la Transició democràtica (1977—1985), amb l’accelerada integració a la Unió Europea (1986—1993) i l’expansió que desemboca en la crisi actual.
Però les relacions comercials també afecten l’ocupació domèstica quan el finançament extern no escasseja. Comprovem que de l’augment del 44% de les hores treballades a Espanya entre el 1995 i 2007, la immensa majoria (41,3 punts percentuals) correspon a ‘efectes domèstics’ i 2,7 a ‘efectes externs’. Així, l’ocupació espanyola es va veure directament beneficiada per les relacions comercials amb l’exterior tot i l’enorme dèficit comercial.
Ara bé, també mostrem que aquestes mateixes relacions, model productiu i taxes de creixement econòmic per sobre dels nostres socis comercials van comportar l’acumulació creixent de deute extern. L’efecte dels canvis en la competitivitat internacional va ser molt menor i, contràriament al discurs dominant, més beneficiosos per Espanya que per Alemanya, França i Itàlia.
Amb l’esclat de la crisi financera global es va evidenciar tant el sobreendeutament privat com l’exterior, que eren dues cares de la mateixa moneda. Això va impedir reproduir el patró de creixement. En conseqüència, i ateses les polítiques “d’austeritat” de l’Eurozona, Espanya opera un cop més, de facto, sota la restricció externa, que dificulta la viabilitat de les polítiques necessàries per un retorn al creixement com a remei contra l’atur massiu.
La tesi també fa contribucions teòriques i metodològiques a la macroeconomia i proposa línies de política econòmica.
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Berlinguer, Marco. "Commons based production and value. Contributions to the analytical frame." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457582.
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La ambición de esta tesis es contribuir al progreso del estado de la literatura científica que se ha desarrollado alrededor de la noción de bienes comunes, interpretada como un elemento crucial e innovador que está marcando importantes transformaciones en la organización de la producción contemporánea.
En términos generales, el objetivo de la tesis es avanzar en el desarrollo de un marco inspirado en la noción de los bienes comunes para analizar algunos rasgos desafiantes de las nuevas formas de producción que han aparecido a lo largo de las últimas décadas a través de la crisis del régimen fordista-keynesiano, la instalación de un nuevo paradigma tecno-económico y el surgimiento de un modo de desarrollo informacional.
Trabajando junto a diferentes corrientes de investigación que han trabajado recientemente alrededor del redescubrimiento de la noción de bienes comunes, esta tesis pretende aportar argumentos en favor de la necesidad de pluralizar nuestro marco de análisis sobre las prácticas e instituciones colectivas que rodean el aprovisionamiento y la gobernanza de bienes y servicios básicos en las complejas economías contemporáneas, yendo más allá del binomio dominante organizado entorno al duopolio estado contra mercado.
En comparación con el estado del arte, las principales innovaciones y áreas de contribuciones son dos.
En primer lugar, en vez de centrar la investigación sobre los bienes comunes concebidos como una esfera autónoma de producción social, se propone principalmente utilizar los bienes comunes como marco para analizar arreglos híbridos, en los que los bienes comunes se enredan en transformaciones que tienen lugar en las formas de trabajar tanto del mercado capitalista como del Estado.
En segundo lugar, pretende avanzar en la limitada investigación que se ha realizado hasta ahora sobre el desarrollo de un marco para comprender y estimar el valor generado en condiciones de compartición, es decir, según una lógica radicalmente distinta de la lógica del valor de cambio.
La tesis está compuesta por una colección de tres artículos.
Berlinguer, M. (2014). The social economy in Italy, pp. 101-126, in Satgar, V. (ed.) (2014). The solidarity economy alternative: Emerging theory and practice, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
Berlinguer, M., Fuster Morell, M., Joan Subirats, J. (2016). Investigando nuevas coordenadas de intercambio y de valor. Las comunidades de producción colaborativa entre pares y procomún. Revista Arbor. Numero monográfico: La transición a lo digital del sistema cultural: nuevas narrativas, nuevas reglas. ISNN 0210-1963
Berlinguer, M. (Forthcoming). Valuing sharing. How commons have become part of informational capitalism and what we can learn from it. The case of FOSS.
Para enriquecer y sostener los argumentos que abordan los artículos anteriores, en el apéndice, se acompaña la tesis con otros tres artículos que se han preparado en el marco de proyectos de investigación que aportaron materiales empíricos y metodológicos que han apoyado esta tesis doctoral.
Berlinguer, M., Fuster Morell, M., Martínez, R., Joan Subirats, J. (2015). Sostenibilidad de la cultura libre: modelos emergentes en Cataluña. In: Fuster Morell, M. Subirats, J., Berlinguer, M.
Martínez, M. y Salcedo, J. Cultura libre y procomún digital en Cataluña: Icaria, pp. 97–168.
Morell, M. F., Salcedo, J. L., & Berlinguer, M. (2016, September). Debate About the Concept of Value in Commons-Based Peer Production. In International Conference on Internet Science (pp. 27-41). Springer International Publishing.
Berlinguer, M., Morell, M. F., Salcedo, J. L., & Martínez, R., Tebbens, W. (Forthcoming). Defining, Mapping and Sampling Common-based peer production.<br>The ambition of this thesis is to contribute to the progress of the state of the art of the scientific literature that has developed around the notion of the commons, interpreted as a crucial and innovative element that is marking important transformations in the organization of contemporary production.
In general terms, the objective of the thesis is to advance in the development of a framework inspired by the notion of the commons to analyze some challenging features of new forms of production, which have been appearing along the last decades, across the crisis of the Fordist-Keynesian capitalistic regime, the installation of a new techno-economical paradigm and the emergence of an informational mode of development.
Working along with different streams of research that engaged recently with the rediscovery of the notion of the commons, this thesis aims to provide arguments towards the necessity to pluralize our framework of analysis concerning the collective practices and institutions surrounding the provisioning and governance of core goods and services in complex modern economies, going beyond the dominant binary organized on the state vs market duopoly.
Compared with the state of the art, the main innovations and areas of contributions are two.
First of all, rather than centering the research on the commons conceived as an autonomous sphere of social production, it mainly aims to utilize the commons as a framework to analyze hybrid arrangements, in which the commons appear enmeshed with transformations that are taking place in the forms of working of both the capitalistic market and the state.
Secondly, it aims to advance the limited research that has been done so far around the development of a framework to understand and assess the value generated in conditions of sharing, that is, according to a logic that is radically different from the logic of exchange value.
The thesis is composed by a collection of three articles.
Berlinguer, M. (2014). The social economy in Italy, pp. 101-126, in Satgar, V. (ed.) (2014). The solidarity economy alternative: Emerging theory and practice, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
Berlinguer, M., Fuster Morell, M., Joan Subirats, J. (2016). Investigando nuevas coordenadas de intercambio y de valor. Las comunidades de producción colaborativa entre pares y procomún. Revista Arbor. Numero monográfico: La transición a lo digital del sistema cultural: nuevas narrativas, nuevas reglas. ISNN 0210-1963
Berlinguer, M. (Forthcoming). Valuing sharing. How commons have become part of informational capitalism and what we can learn from it. The case of FOSS.
To further enrich and sustain the arguments that are tackled by the above articles, in the appendix, they are accompanied by other three articles that have been prepared in the framework of research projects that provided empirical and methodological materials that have supported this PhD thesis.
Berlinguer, M., Fuster Morell, M., Martínez, R., Joan Subirats, J. (2015). Sostenibilidad de la cultura libre: modelos emergentes en Cataluña. In: Fuster Morell, M. Subirats, J., Berlinguer, M.
Martínez, M. y Salcedo, J. Cultura libre y procomún digital en Cataluña: Icaria, pp. 97–168.
Morell, M. F., Salcedo, J. L., & Berlinguer, M. (2016, September). Debate About the Concept of Value in Commons-Based Peer Production. In International Conference on Internet Science (pp. 27-41). Springer International Publishing.
Berlinguer, M., Morell, M. F., Salcedo, J. L., & Martínez, R., Tebbens, W. (Forthcoming). Defining, Mapping and Sampling Common-based peer production.
6
Feriel, Emilie. "Rapport salarial, rationalisation des modèles productifs et relation de service : le cas des centres d'appels téléphoniques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24011.
Full textAbstract:
Notre thèse se propose d’analyser les transformations des rapports salariaux à partir d’une lecture croisée de la dynamique des modèles productifs et de l’expansion de la relation de service. Nous formulons l’hypothèse que la relation entretenue avec le client devient, sous différentes facettes, une source de profit obtenue à partir du travail salarié, ce qui conduit à une transformation des modes de production caractérisée par une division du travail et des emploi plus prononcée. L’exploration de cette hypothèse est effectuée pour le cas particulier des centres d’appels téléphoniques, sur la base d’une analyse empirique réalisée à partir d’entretiens sectoriels et de huit études de cas. Au regard de l’abondante littérature portant sur cet objet d’étude, notre recherche propose d’adopter un angle d’analyse original, qui consiste à prendre en compte les centres d’appels du point de vue de leur ancrage au sein des organisations productives. Nous partons de l’idée que l’activité des centres d’appels n’est pas totalement nouvelle et qu’elle résulte d’une transformation de situations antérieures. Il s’agit alors d’étudier cette activité au regard de son insertion au sein d’un processus de division du travail. L’application de la grille d’analyse d’un modèle productif permet dans ce cadre de mettre en exergue une recomposition et un découpage des différentes dimensions de la relation de service à travers l’ensemble de l’entreprise, qui entraîne une segmentation flexible des emplois et une rationalisation commune du travail empruntant à la fois à une logique industrielle et professionnelle, mais qui mobilise fortement l’implication subjective des salariés<br>Our thesis offers to analyze the transformation of wage earner relations through a cross reading of the productive models dynamics and the growth of the service relation. We venture the hypothesis that the relationship with the customer becomes a source of profit achieved by paid work at different level, which leads to a transformation of productive models characterized by a stronger division in work and employment. The analysis of this hypothesis is made for the specific case of call centers on the basis of a purely practical analysis carried through sectorial interviews and eight case studies. With regard to abundant sources about this study, our research offers to adopt an original angle of analysis consisting in taking into account call centers regarding their base within productive organization. We start by assuming that call centers activity isn’t entirely new and that it ensues from a transformation of former situation. Thus we have to study the activity with regard to its integration within a work division process. The implementation of the frame of reference of a productive model allows us to underline in this context a reconstruction and a division of the various dimensions of service relation through the whole industry. It leads to a flexible segmentation of jobs and a common rationalization of works borrowing an industrial and professional reasoning but which highly uses employees subjective commitment
7
Feriel, Emilie. "Rapport salarial, rationalisation des modèles productifs et relation de service : le cas des centres d'appels téléphoniques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24011.
Full textAbstract:
Notre thèse se propose d’analyser les transformations des rapports salariaux à partir d’une lecture croisée de la dynamique des modèles productifs et de l’expansion de la relation de service. Nous formulons l’hypothèse que la relation entretenue avec le client devient, sous différentes facettes, une source de profit obtenue à partir du travail salarié, ce qui conduit à une transformation des modes de production caractérisée par une division du travail et des emploi plus prononcée. L’exploration de cette hypothèse est effectuée pour le cas particulier des centres d’appels téléphoniques, sur la base d’une analyse empirique réalisée à partir d’entretiens sectoriels et de huit études de cas. Au regard de l’abondante littérature portant sur cet objet d’étude, notre recherche propose d’adopter un angle d’analyse original, qui consiste à prendre en compte les centres d’appels du point de vue de leur ancrage au sein des organisations productives. Nous partons de l’idée que l’activité des centres d’appels n’est pas totalement nouvelle et qu’elle résulte d’une transformation de situations antérieures. Il s’agit alors d’étudier cette activité au regard de son insertion au sein d’un processus de division du travail. L’application de la grille d’analyse d’un modèle productif permet dans ce cadre de mettre en exergue une recomposition et un découpage des différentes dimensions de la relation de service à travers l’ensemble de l’entreprise, qui entraîne une segmentation flexible des emplois et une rationalisation commune du travail empruntant à la fois à une logique industrielle et professionnelle, mais qui mobilise fortement l’implication subjective des salariés<br>Our thesis offers to analyze the transformation of wage earner relations through a cross reading of the productive models dynamics and the growth of the service relation. We venture the hypothesis that the relationship with the customer becomes a source of profit achieved by paid work at different level, which leads to a transformation of productive models characterized by a stronger division in work and employment. The analysis of this hypothesis is made for the specific case of call centers on the basis of a purely practical analysis carried through sectorial interviews and eight case studies. With regard to abundant sources about this study, our research offers to adopt an original angle of analysis consisting in taking into account call centers regarding their base within productive organization. We start by assuming that call centers activity isn’t entirely new and that it ensues from a transformation of former situation. Thus we have to study the activity with regard to its integration within a work division process. The implementation of the frame of reference of a productive model allows us to underline in this context a reconstruction and a division of the various dimensions of service relation through the whole industry. It leads to a flexible segmentation of jobs and a common rationalization of works borrowing an industrial and professional reasoning but which highly uses employees subjective commitment
8
Pereira, Mikaele Alexandre. "Utilização de funções matemáticas em sistemas de produção de leite na região de Nossa Senhora da Glória, Estado de Sergipe." Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6405.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study outline a diagnosis of dairy farming in the municipality of Nossa Senhora da Gloria, State of Sergipe, addressing productive and reproductive aspects, and test mathematical models for their suitability to describe the curves of growth and lactation in cattle compounds by crossbred animals Taureans x Zebu cattle. Article 1: Technical evaluation of milk production systems in the region of Nossa Senhora da Gloria, State of Sergipe. Eight producers were selected, which were grouped according to the following scale daily milk yield (kg/day) Group 1 (G1) . 100 kg/day, group 2 (G2): > 100 kg / day . 500, Group 3 (G3):> 500 kg / day. Productivity per cow per year differed between groups (p <0.05) with values of 2.226,06, 4.428,50 and 6063.84 kg / cow / year for G1, G2 and G3, respectively. In land productivity G1 (1.801,63 kg / ha / year) did not differ from G2 (1.562,26 kg/ha/year) and G3 (3.798,08 kg/ha/ year), however the latter two differed other (p <0,05). The reproductive indices obtained for G1, G2 and G3 were: calving interval of 14,59, 12,96 and 13,14 months; service period 169,89, 121,89 and 125,95 days and rates of pregnant 14,87, 28,01 and 17,99%. The G2 got better reproductive rates (P <0,05). Given the above, it is concluded that the groups of producers with production less than 100 kg of milk/day and between 101 and 500 kg milk/day are technically feasible for the region studied. Article 2: Comparison of nonlinear models to describe the growth of females Taurino x Zebu crossbred dairy cattle in Nossa Senhora da Gloria, State of Sergipe. We used 537 records of weighings made at intervals of 30 days during the period from 2010 to 2012. The mathematical models used were: Brody (BD), Von Bertalanffy (VB), Logistics (LG) and Gompertz (GP). The weights and asymptotic growth rates instant (TCI) were respectively: BD, 1.982 kg and 0,451 to 0,555 kg/month, for VB, 550,50 kg and 0,535 to 12,04 kg/month, LG, 405,20 kg and 0,0021 to 0,180 kg/month, GP, 479,70 kg and 0,259 to 0,623 kg/month. The VB model fitted well the growth curve, however showed greater deviation in the rate curve TCI compared to the observed data. The GP model showed better adaptation to growth data crossbred females with genetic variation between groups of Taurino x Zebu crosses in semi-extensive system. Article 3: Shape of lactation curve in Taurino x Zebu crossbred females in the semi-arid region of Sergipe. 1496 records were used for milk production performed every 30 days during the period from 2011 to 2012. The adjustment was made for the mean curve, making the use of four mathematical models: Nelder, 1966 (ND), Wood, 1967 (WD), Bianchini Sobrinho, 1984 (BS) and Wilmink, 1987 (WK). The average values of Ra2 were <0,82. All curves showed typical patterns. The other functions in the graph showed similar distribution of waste, however only the function ND was able to estimate the components of the lactation curve effectively.<br>Objetivou-se com esse estudo tracar um diagnostico da atividade leiteira no municipio de Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Estado de Sergipe, abordando aspectos produtivos e reprodutivos, e testar modelos matematicos quanto a sua adequacao para descrever as curvas de crescimento e de lactacao de rebanhos compostos por animais mesticos de Taurinos x Zebus. Artigo 1: Avaliacao tecnica de sistemas de producao de leite na regiao de Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Estado de Sergipe. Foram selecionados oito produtores, os quais foram agrupados de acordo com a seguinte escala de producao de leite diaria (kg/dia): Grupo 1 (G1): . 100 kg/dia; Grupo 2 (G2): > 100 kg/dia e . 500; Grupo 3 (G3): > 500 kg/dia. A produtividade por vaca por ano diferiu entre os grupos (p<0,05) com valores de 2.226,06, 4.428,50 e 6.063,84 kg de leite/vaca/ano para G1, G2 e G3, respectivamente. Na produtividade da terra o G1 (1.801,63 kg/ha/ano) nao diferiu de G2 (1.562,26 kg/ha/ano) e G3(3.798,08 kg/ha/ano), no entanto estes dois ultimos diferiram entre si (p<0,05). Os indices reprodutivos obtidos para G1, G2 e G3 foram respectivamente: intervalo de partos de 14,59, 12,96 e 13,14 meses; periodo servico de 169,89, 121,89 e 125,95 dias e taxas de prenhes de 14,87, 28,01 e 17,99%. O G2 obteve melhores indices reprodutivos (P<0,05). Diante do exposto, conclui-se que os grupos de produtores com producoes menores que 100 kg de leite/dia e entre 101 e 500 kg de leite/dia sao tecnicamente viaveis para a regiao estudada. Artigo 2: Comparacao de modelos nao-lineares para descrever o crescimento de femeas mesticas Taurino x Zebu na bacia leiteira de Nossa Senhora da Gloria, Estado de Sergipe. Foram utilizados 537 registros de pesagens realizadas em intervalos de 30 dias durante o periodo de 2010 a 2012. Os modelos matematicos utilizados foram: Brody (BD), Von Bertalanffy (VB), Logistico (LG) e Gompertz (GP). Os pesos assintoticos e as taxas de crescimento instantaneas (TCI) foram respectivamente: para BD, 1.982 kg e 0,451-0,555 kg/mes; para VB, 550,50 kg e 0,535-12,04 kg/mes; LG, 405,20 kg e 0,0021-0,180 kg/mes; GP, 479,70 kg e 0,259-0,623 kg/mes. O modelo VB ajustou-se bem a curva de crescimento, no entanto apresentou maior desvio na curva da taxa TCI em relacao aos dados observados. O modelo de GP apresentou melhor adaptacao aos dados de crescimento de femeas mesticas com variacao de grupos geneticos entre cruzamentos de Taurino x Zebu em sistema semi-extensivo. Artigo 3: Forma da curva de lactacao em femeas mesticas Taurino x Zebu no Semi-arido de Sergipe. Foram utilizados 1496 registros de producao de leite realizados em intervalos de 30 dias durante o periodo de 2011 a 2012. O ajuste foi feito para a curva media, fazendo-se o uso de quatro modelos matematicos: Nelder, 1966 (ND), Wood, 1967 (WD), Bianchini Sobrinho, 1984 (BS) e Wilmink, 1987 (WK). Os valores medios de Ra2 foram < 0,82. Todas as curvas apresentaram padroes tipicos. As demais funcoes apresentaram comportamento semelhante no grafico de distribuicao dos residuos, no entanto somente a funcao ND foi capaz de estimar os componentes da curva de lactacao de forma eficaz.
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Francis, Merwin. "A model for assessing the anticipated relative financial impact of implementing the tools of lean manufacturing on a manufacturing concern." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1326.
Full textAbstract:
Lean manufacturing has seen its creators, Toyota, rise from insignificance in the middle of the previous century, to the biggest selling car manufacturer in the world today. Another Japanese car manufacturer, Honda, which has also been practising the principles of lean avidly during the last few decades, has also made huge strides towards becoming a dominant force in the car market. These Japanese companies‟ adoption of lean has seen many of their mass producing United States (US) and European counterparts struggle for survival. Maynard (2003:10) predicted that by the end of the decade, at least one of the „Big Three‟ auto makers in the US – Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors (GM) – would be forced to undertake significant restructuring to continue in operation. At the time of this writing all indications are that this prediction will come true. GM is in the process of major shareholding restructuring in an attempt to keep the company afloat, having run up insurmountable debts in the face of the current global economic downturn. Adopting the lean methodology has become a matter of necessity. The continued use of mass production methods alone is no longer viable; companies need to also employ lean methods intelligently in order to remain competitive. This study is regarded as a crucial endeavour to assist operations managers of manufacturing concerns in developing lean implementation strategies which will maximise the benefits to the organization.
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Brand, Sofya. "L'analyse institutionnaliste du rôle du négoce vitivinicole : de la filière au mesosystème." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0005/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le devenir de la filière vitivinicole a suscité de nombreux questionnements durant les années 2000 quant à l’adéquation des institutions qui la gouvernent vis-à-vis de l’évolution profonde de la demande et du changement du champ concurrentiel mondial. Cette thèse propose un cadre théorique de « méso-économie politique territorialisée » qui adhère à la méthode de l’institutionnalisme historique et est adapté à l’analyse des systèmes productifs dont le lien au territoire est particulièrement important. Fondée sur cette méthode, la thèse s’intéresse à l’articulation des niveaux macro-méso-microéconomiques, au travail politique au sein du système productif vitivinicole et aux ressources patrimoniales qui assurent sa pérennité. La mise en oeuvre de cette approche théorique a permis de reconstituer la genèse des institutions qui ont assuré la perpétuation du système productif vitivinicole français jusqu’aux années 1970, les facteurs de sa déstabilisation à la fin du XXème siècle et l’adaptation du système dans les années 2000. Ce travail porte une attention particulière à la diversité du système productif vitivinicole français composé des sous-systèmes que représentent les vignobles régionaux. Il montre la différence des trajectoires historiques de trois des principaux vignobles régionaux – Languedoc, Champagne et Bordeaux – et par conséquence la différence dans leur capacité d’adaptation aux changements de la demande et de la concurrence mondiales. Enfin, ce travail met en évidence la diversité des acteurs au sein de la filière abordée en analysant les modèles productifs des négociants de la mythique Place de Bordeaux<br>The early 2000s were marked by an increasingly loud debate on the ability of French wine industry institutions to keep up with changing market demand and global competition. This thesis proposes a meso-level framework that follows the tradition of historical institutionalism. Our approach has been tailored to the analysis of production systems where the interplay between territory and sector is very important. Based on this framework, we focus on the articulation of the macro-meso- and microeconomic levels, on the political work of stakeholders in the wine industry and on the resources of patrimonial nature that ensure its persistence. The application of this methodology has made possible an analysis of the continuance of the French wine production system until the 1970s, the factors of its destabilisation at the end of the 20th century and the adaptation of the system in the 2000s. This thesis also emphasises the variety of the French wine production system, which is composed of diverse wine regions. Our analysis highlights the different historical trajectories of the three main French wine producing regions – Languedoc, Champagne and Bordeaux – and hence the difference in their capacity to adapt to the changes of demand and global competition. Finally, we highlight the diversity of actors in the industry in question by analysing the productive models of Bordeaux wine merchants
Books on the topic "Productive models"
1
1943-, Boyer Robert, and Freyssenet Michel, eds. The productive models. Palgrave in association with GERPISA, 2002.
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Lang, Günther. On Overlapping Generations Models with Productive Capital. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48152-9.
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Morrison, Catherine J. State infrastructure and productive performance. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1992.
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Benhabib, Jess. On competitive cycles in productive economies. Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University, 1986.
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Basu, Susanto. Are apparent productive spillovers a figment of specification error? National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.
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Bush, Virgilio Partida. Tabla de vida activa. El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Demográficos y de Desarrollo Urbano, 1996.
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Edvardsen, Dag Fjeld. Four essays on the measurement of productive efficiency. Dept. of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, 2004.
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8
A, Pasha Hafiz, and Social Policy and Development Centre (Karachi, Pakistan)., eds. Is public sector investment productive?: Some evidence from Pakistan. Social Policy and Development Centre, 1995.
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Aizenman, Joshua. Foreign direct investment, productive capacity and exchange rate regimes. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.
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Card, David E. Intertemporal labor supply: An assessment. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Productive models"
1
Díaz-Reza, José Roberto, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Valeria Martínez-Loya. "Simple Models." In Impact Analysis of Total Productive Maintenance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01725-5_9.
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Díaz-Reza, José Roberto, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Valeria Martínez-Loya. "Structural Equation Models-Technical Factors." In Impact Analysis of Total Productive Maintenance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01725-5_12.
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Díaz-Reza, José Roberto, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Valeria Martínez-Loya. "Structural Equation Models—Methodological Factors." In Impact Analysis of Total Productive Maintenance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01725-5_13.
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Díaz-Reza, José Roberto, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Valeria Martínez-Loya. "Structural Equation Models: Human Factor—Part I." In Impact Analysis of Total Productive Maintenance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01725-5_10.
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Díaz-Reza, José Roberto, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Valeria Martínez-Loya. "Structural Equation Models-Human Factor—Part II." In Impact Analysis of Total Productive Maintenance. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01725-5_11.
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Cilliers, Jakkie. "Changing Productive Structures." In The Future of Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46590-2_8.
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AbstractIn this chapter, Cilliers offers various explanations for Africa’s lack of sustained, structural economic transformation from low-value economic activities towards high-value services and manufacturing, and explores the challenges associated with the continent failing to industrialise. He offers historical context for how this situation emerged, drawing from global datasets such as trade data from the UN Conference on Trade and Development. The chapter then proceeds to look to the future of industrialisation in Africa in the context of technology-driven changes to the manufacturing sector globally via the fourth industrial revolution, which could offer the continent opportunities to gain a foothold in global value chains. The latter portion of the chapter models key interventions in a Made in Africa scenario, and examines its economic impact to 2040.
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Teplovs, Chris, and Nobuko Fujita. "Socio-Dynamic Latent Semantic Learner Models." In Productive Multivocality in the Analysis of Group Interactions. Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8960-3_21.
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Kawakami, Takashi. "Combining Models Related to Data Distribution Through Productive Experimentation." In International Perspectives on the Teaching and Learning of Mathematical Modelling. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62968-1_8.
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Quintero-Naucil, Myriam, Kleyder Salgado-Angulo, Nayda P. Arias-Duque, Jairo Salcedo-Mendoza, and Valentina Aristizábal-Marulanda. "Biorefineries Based on Rice Residues as Sustainable Productive Models." In Contributions of Chemical Engineering to Sustainability. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55594-7_6.
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Okano, Marcelo T., Oduvaldo Vendrametto, Marcelo Eloy Fernandes, Osmildo S. Dos Santos, and Marcos Antonio Maia de Oliveira. "Theoretical Models to Classify the Type of Interorganizational Networks in Productive Systems." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51133-7_62.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Productive models"
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Sharaouva, Aizada B., and Dinara N. Delikesheva. "PREVENTING PIPE STICKING IN OIL AND GAS WELLS USING AN IMPROVED TORQUE AND DRAG MODEL, ALONG WITH ANALYTICAL AND MACHINE LEARNING METHODS." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s06.81.
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Effectively preventing pipe sticking in oil and gas wells is a key aspect of safety and productivity in the oil and gas industry. This paper presents a new torque and drag model developed using machine learning techniques to improve accuracy and predictive capabilities. The model is based on a comprehensive analysis of many factors, including geological characteristics of the well, drilling parameters, fluid parameters, hydraulic conditions, and production equipment parameters. This research explores the application of a chained regression model combining Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and XGBoost for predicting multiple physical properties in the oil and gas industry. The study aims to enhance prediction accuracy in hydraulics, torque, and drag by leveraging the strengths of both models. The model will help improve the monitoring and interpretation of drilling data streams. Besides the model will help detect signs of other interfering problems in the downhole wellbore conditions and take the necessary measures in advance to prevent them. As a result, it will help optimize costs, minimize non-productive time, and improve safety.
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Delikesheva, Dinara N., and Aizada B. Sharaouva. "USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO FORECAST CUTTINGS REMOVAL IN HOLE CLEANING." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s06.84.
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This study addresses the significant challenge of hole cleaning in drilling operations, which is essential for preventing stuck pipe incidents�a major cause of non-productive time and additional costs in drilling. This research aims to develop and validate machine learning models that enhance the prediction and optimization of cuttings removal during drilling. Utilizing a dataset derived from historical drilling operations, we employed regression analysis and neural network models to forecast the presence and height of slurry beds. The models were trained on variables such as borehole dimensions, drilling fluid characteristics, and operational parameters. Our results demonstrate that these models effectively predict conditions that could lead to stuck pipes, allowing for preemptive adjustments to drilling operations. This capability could significantly reduce unplanned downtime and associated costs. The primary contribution of this study lies in its innovative use of machine learning to transform predictive maintenance in drilling operations, offering substantial improvements in efficiency and safety. These advancements represent a crucial step forward in drilling technology, with the potential to mitigate risks and enhance operational decision-making across the industry.
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Onorati, Chiara. "AIR POLLUTION RESPONSIBILITY OF MEMBER STATES." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/vs02/01.
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The European directives on air pollution liability have undergone several substantial changes. The approval in October 2024 of a new directive has highlighted the problems present in the previous directives. This study analyses how they were addressed and proposes possible further innovative solutions. The definitions of environmental damage contained in Article 2 of Directive 2004/35/EC allow for the delimitation of legal areas and critical issues in the field of environmental pollution. The results indicate that there are still significant challenges in the practical application of the laws. To address these issues, the work proposes alternative solutions, such as the implementation of advanced monitoring systems, public awareness initiatives, virtuous models of renewable energy production and the adoption of sustainable technologies. These approaches could not only reduce environmental damage, but also promote greater responsibility among businesses and citizens, contributing to a healthier and more sustainable environment in Europe. The aim of this study is to call for a step-by-step approach to meeting current and future EU air pollution standards by setting air quality standards for 2030 aligned with the latest WHO air quality guidelines to guarantee the right of human beings to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.
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Kosmadoudi, Zoe, Theodore Lim, James Ritchie, Ying Liu, and Raymond C. W. Sung. "Analytic Models in Game Based Productive Systems." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34366.
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Current computer-aided design (CAD) applications deliver limited user experience due to their complex functionality and step-by-step evolution; on the contrary, games offer memorable and formative experiences to their users. Hence, the article focuses on the architecture characteristics of games and CAD with a particular interest in developing and evaluating a CAD system embedded with game mechanics for mechanical engineering design. To establish the benefit of game-enriched engineering design ecosystem preliminary experiments were conducted to investigate engineer affect whilst carrying out parametric design tasks in a game-based CAD UI. By analysing their psycho-physiological signals and action log data an interaction model was established to identify which feedback game mechanics contributed the most in the user’s design experience.
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Акубекова, Диана Григорьевна. "THE ROLE OF PRODUCTIVE WORD-FORMATION MODELS IN COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE." In Научные исследования в современном мире. Теория и практика: сборник избранных статей Всероссийской (национальной) научно-практической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Декабрь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/nitp312.2020.63.39.015.
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В статье освещается проблема использования продуктивных словообразовательных моделей на занятиях иностранного языка. The article presents the problem of using productive word-formation models in foreign language classes.
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"Using Environmental Learning Models to Increase the Students’ Productive Skills." In International Conference on Global Resource Conservation (ICGRC). Galaxy Science, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2019.0302.
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"Status and Prospects of the Social Sphere Development in Regions of the Kyrgyz Republic." In XII Ural Demographic Forum “Paradigms and models of demographic development”. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2021-2-7.
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The development of the country’s economy leads to the improvement in the quality of the provision of state and municipal services, as well as of the living standards of the population in cities and villages. It is necessary to develop small and medium-sized businesses and create productive jobs that will ensure employment and stable incomes. Due to the transition to innovative socio-economic development, the country’s economy will be competitive. High-quality production infrastructure is necessary for a balanced and diversified economic development of the country.
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Lee, Seyong, and Jeffrey S. Vetter. "Early evaluation of directive-based GPU programming models for productive exascale computing." In 2012 SC - International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sc.2012.51.
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Rauh, Andreas, Swantje Romig, and Harald Aschemann. "When is Naive Low-Pass Filtering of Noisy Measurements Counter-Productive for the Dynamics of Controlled Systems?" In 2018 23rd International Conference on Methods & Models in Automation & Robotics (MMAR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2018.8486099.
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Schiller, Victor. "Alternative Design Theories and the Temporal Nature of Top-Down Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Support Processes: Implications for Resource-Constrained Emerging Ecosystems in Transition." In New Business Models 2023. Maastricht University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/mup.2302.06.
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Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) research has explored bottom-up ecosystems that spontaneously appear then develop over time and top-down formed ecosystems deliberately established through organizational sponsorship designed to enable productive entrepreneurship. Despite the crucial role organizational sponsorship plays in entrepreneurial support activities, prior research has overlooked the critical design methods used to formulate the strategy and temporal dynamic factors required to establish and operate top-down emerging resource-constrained ecosystems. Specifically, in the year leading up to initial ecosystem launch, which design methods are used to determine entrepreneur support activities and timing, then what is modified during the first year of operation? Approaching top-down established ecosystems as operating entities and building on current EE theory along with a range of design theories, this study examines relevant literature with a focus on initial and ongoing operating strategy formulation. The findings argue that effectuation principles can be used to design emerging top-down ecosystems better and proposes a new fourth, temporal effectuation means principle to explain support activity introduction timing and sequencing. By doing so, this paper offers evidence and theoretical elaboration for an extended version of the effectuation concept to build emerging entrepreneurial ecosystems in uncertain resource-constrained locations. These findings could be particularly relevant to inner-city, migrant-based, remote, transition economies or economically/demographically declining regions with a desire to promote entrepreneurship.
Reports on the topic "Productive models"
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Pueyo, Ana, Gisela Ngoo, Editruda Daulinge, and Adriana Fajardo. The Quest for Scalable Business Models for Mini-Grids in Africa: Implementing the Keymaker Model in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.071.
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Achieving universal electrification in sub-Saharan Africa requires creative solutions. Renewable mini-grids are a promising technology to electrify remote communities with a substantial productive demand, mainly from agro-processing. Mini-grids have experienced fast growth and there are now around 2,200 systems in the sub-Saharan Africa region. However, their economic case in the sub-continent is unclear. Most mini-grids are struggling not only to obtain a profit but also to recover costs. This Research Report describes the case of a private company in Tanzania implementing a business model for mini-grids that promotes productive uses of energy to achieve financial sustainability (the ‘Keymaker model’). A group of researchers worked jointly with the mini-grid developer to procure equipment for fish processing activities, support local entrepreneurs to use electricity productively, and to document and learn from the process. Although the business model was ultimately unsuccessful – facing high regulatory risks, high initial tariffs required to recover costs, and complex management of agro-processing activities – the project offers useful lessons and considerations for future efforts to promote mini-grids, and how public–private partnerships can help improve affordability and reduce regulatory risks.
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Wailzer, Magdalena, and Laura Soyer. Co-Developing an impact model for evaluating the societal impact of participatory research approaches. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.547.
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In recent years, an increased focus on societal impact of research unfolding through productive interactions between stakeholders and participatory research processes has been seen. These complex interventions call for more flexible and participatory evaluation processes. This paper sets out to describe the co-creative development of an Impact Model and Reflection Instruments by different stakeholders that make desired and expected societal effects of participatory research visible, and enable a systematic evaluation of these expected changes. The aim of the Impact Model and the (modular) set of Impact Reflection Instruments is first and foremost to support researchers in the planning and evaluation of societal impacts of their participatory research approaches. In addition, we share the design of the co-development phase and reflections that serve as practical guidance for evaluators who aim to apply theory-based models in participatory settings in other contexts. Finally, the Impact Model and Reflection Instruments aim to enable increased comparability across research projects with participatory research approaches.
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Quak, Evert-jan. The Link Between Demography and Labour Markets in sub-Saharan Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.011.
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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how demography affects labour markets (e.g. entrants, including youth and women) and labour market outcomes (e.g. capital-per-worker, life-cycle labour supply, human capital investments) in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. One of the key findings is that the fast-growing population in sub-Saharan Africa is likely to affect the ability to get productive jobs and in turn economic growth. This normally happens when workers move from traditional (low productivity agriculture and household businesses) sectors into higher productivity sectors in manufacturing and services. In theory the literature shows that lower dependency ratios (share of the non-working age population) should increase output per capita if labour force participation rates among the working age population remain unchanged. If output per worker stays constant, then a decline in dependency ratio would lead to a rise in income per capita. Macro simulation models for sub-Saharan Africa estimate that capital per worker will remain low due to consistently low savings for at least the next decades, even in the low fertility scenario. Sub-Saharan African countries seem too poor for a quick rise in savings. As such, it is unlikely that a lower dependency ratio will initiate a dramatic increase in labour productivity. The literature notes the gender implications on labour markets. Most women combine unpaid care for children with informal and low productive work in agriculture or family enterprises. Large family sizes reduce their productive labour years significantly, estimated at a reduction of 1.9 years of productive participation per woman for each child, that complicates their move into more productive work (if available). If the transition from high fertility to low fertility is permanent and can be established in a relatively short-term period, there are long-run effects on female labour participation, and the gains in income per capita will be permanent. As such from the literature it is clear that the effect of higher female wages on female labour participation works to a large extent through reductions in fertility.
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Merkulova, Yuliya. Система цифровых моделей - новая технология для баланса данных. Yuliya Merkulova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0430.26042021.
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Use of the digital technologies is new and very productive approach for balance of different data. It is very important for balance of supply and demand and for increase of competitiveness of products. Various types of digital models were developed as a result of scientific research, they found reflection in article. Digital models for the description of the list of the sequences of steps and operations of various stages and process in general allow to install system of interrelations between operations and steps and to reach necessary log-ic, increase of effectiveness of any process. Object-relational models for establishment of communications between data of various blocks of databases and functional models of the choice of strategy of data balance form analytical base for justification of the choice of the direction of transformation of data. Models of a combination of a plurality of various data of the offer of products in the form of matrixes of multi-purpose optimization have double effect, because they allow not only to develop various options of data combina-tion, taking into account opportunities of change of location of products over the markets and temporary phases, but also to estimate aggregate useful effect from products. These models together with models of comparison of various options and the choice of optimal solutions allow to generate compatible strategic and current programs of the offer of products as a plurality of the output data balanced with each other and with data of demand. It is providing the best synergetic result. The developed methodology of creation of system of the interconnected digital models for transformation of data and generation of the output data of the situational-strategic program of the offer of products is a cornerstone of formation of new digital econ-omy – of economy of balanced data.
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Cicowiez, Martín, and Agustín Filippo. Production and Productive Sectors: Simulations in a CGE Model for Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001536.
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Bhushan, Shanti, Greg Burgreen, Wesley Brewer, and Ian Dettwiller. Assessment of neural network augmented Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes turbulence model in extrapolation modes. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/49702.
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A machine-learned model enhances the accuracy of turbulence transport equations of RANS solver and applied for periodic hill test case. The accuracy is investigated in extrapolation modes. A parametric study is also performed to understand the effect of network hyperparameters on training and model accuracy and to quantify the uncertainty in model accuracy due to the non-deterministic nature of the neural network training. For any network, less than optimal mini-batch size results in overfitting, and larger than optimal reduces accuracy. Data clustering is an efficient approach to prevent the machine-learned model from over training on more prevalent flow regimes, and results in a model with similar accuracy. Turbulence production is correlated with shear strain in the free-shear region, with shear strain and wall-distance and local velocity-based Reynolds number in the boundary layer regime, and with streamwise velocity gradient in the accelerating flow regime. The flow direction is key in identifying flow separation and reattachment regime. Machine-learned models perform poorly in extrapolation mode. A priori tests reveal model predictability improves as the hill dataset is partially added during training in a partial extrapolation model. These also provide better turbulent kinetic energy and shear stress predictions than RANS in a posteriori tests. Before a machine-learned model is applied for a posteriori tests, a priori tests should be performed.
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Seifert, Miriam, Claudia Hinrichs, Judith Hauck, and Christoph Völker. New / improved model parametrizations for responses in phytoplankton growth and calcification to changes in alkalinity implemented. OceanNets, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d4.5.
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Global biogeochemical ocean models that are currently in place to investigate alkalinity enhancement at a global scale do usually not consider the effects of a changing carbonate system on phytoplankton. We introduce new and modified parameterizations of phytoplankton carbonate systems sensitivities into the biogeochemistry model REcoM. We then compare phytoplankton biomass and net primary production at different atmospheric CO2 concentrations to results from other deliverables (D5.3, 5.6, 5.7) based on experiments and models. The resilience of phytoplankton biomass towards low CO2 concentrations in our model compares well with the results of mesocosm experiments. Or model results differ in the phytoplankton responses compared to the results of a 1D biogeochemical model that employs similar parameterizations regarding the effects on calcifying phytoplankton and total net primary production, which we explain primarily with differences in the spatial scales and phytoplankton communities investigated.
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JONES, DEAN A., CRAIG R. LAWTON, EDWIN A. KJELDGAARD, et al. Advanced Production Planning Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/771505.
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Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.
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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.
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González-Velosa, Carolina, and Graciana Rucci. Methods to Anticipate Skills Demand. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010638.
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In Latin America and the Caribbean and in more advanced economies there is evidence that suggests an imbalance between the skills of the workforce and the skills demanded by the productive sector. If this skills mismatch is large and persistent it leads to significant economic and social costs: economies cannot use their human capital efficiently and many individuals cannot access good quality jobs. Correcting these imbalances is not easy; a number of frictions that are prevalent in the labor and education markets limit the capacity of households and education providers to provide skills in line with the requirements of the private sector. In light of this, governments around the world have developed tools that intend to anticipate skills demand in the labor market in order to inform the decision making of households, businesses, training providers and policy makers. A wide variety of tools have been developed, ranging from quantitative econometric models to more qualitative methods such as roundtables and focus groups. This report provides a description of the existing methodologies; an analysis of their objectives, strengths and weaknesses; and a description with illustrative examples. The report stresses the fact that an effective system to anticipate skills demand usually combines a variety of methods and surmounts challenges that are not only technical but also institutional. Systems to anticipate skills demand should not only focus on generating quality data but also on building processes to ensure that the information is effectively used in decision making.