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Meer, Shamim. "Women's access to productive resources in South Africa's rural bantustans." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29868.
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Mutemererwa, Anderson Mufudzi. "A nonparametric approach to productive efficiency measurement : an application of bootstrap DEA to gold mining." Thesis, University of Hull, 2007. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:12789.
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In this dissertation the technical efficiency in gold mining is investigated. To the best available knowledge, this is the first such study on gold mining, whether on a localised (one country) or for a cross-section of countries. Since the work by Farrell (1957), much work has been done using nonparametric methods such as DEA. Although extensions in DEA technique, such as bootstrapping have been available for some time, their use has been limited in comparison with the number of overall DEA studies carried out. In this dissertation both DEA and bootstrap DEA are applied to two gold mining cross sectional samples, one on Zimbabwe consisting of thirty-four mines, and the an international one which also included some Zimbabwean mines which comprise fifty-nine observations. The main reason for carrying out the study is an interest in gold mining in general and its importance to Zimbabwe in particular. As will be noted in Chapter 2, the economic development of Zimbabwe has been linked, to a varying extent over the ages, to its growth of the gold mining sector. The results of the dissertation provide some useful insights into the relative performances of gold mines and also some characteristics of the Zimbabwean gold mining sector. The main results indicate that gold mining is characterised mainly by technical efficiency dominating scale efficiency. This is particular relevant when the Zimbabwean mines are compared with their international counterparts. Zimbabwean mines are found to be relatively technically efficient but less so when overall efficiency is considered. In fact they have the lowest overall efficiency scores in the international sample. The results also indicate that mines from the so-called developed mining economies, Australia, Canada, the US and South Africa are the benchmarks in terms of optimal operations. It is mines from these countries which define the overall efficiency frontier. The results of both the samples highlight potential shortcomings in applying DEA and bootstrap extension to gold mining, both for single country and for cross-country cases. Additionally, there are possibilities, with adequate data, of relating country-specific characteristics to differences in overall efficiency among countries. Finally there are indications that including mineralogical factors such as the recovery rate in the production technology has an effect on technical efficiency. Mines with low recovery rates tend to exhibit comparatively higher technical efficiency. The study does have some limitations, mainly because of lack of data. In particular, there were problems in coming with attributing the contribution of capital services to efficiency with the result that a different measure for the flow of capital services is used for each sample. In addition, the two samples are for different time periods. This limits comparative analysis.
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Mattsson, Joar. "Productive landscapes and the cultural historical environment : Prototyping a small-scale productive system utilizing the immediate landscape." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160022.
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The thesis is an investigation of global exploitation of nature, use of productive landscapes and itsremaining structures as the cultural historical environment. The further aim has been to seek analternative approach against a large-scale utilization of the environment through an elaborativeprocess of an architectural intervention, combining public space and local production. The thesisbackground is exploring the human activities and outcomes in exploited landscapes and is departingfrom the issue of an anthropocentric approach toward the environment. Further on, it analyzesdifferent mindset on natural resources in relation to the building of civilization and society, the ruralcontra the urban. Against the background of a linear withdrawal of resources and in the long-termlandscape productive decline, the aim is to prototype a productive infrastructure that works in acyclical manner, re-using energy and being less dependent on resources at a large-scale. Departingfrom the regional environment in Umeå and its traditional agricultural and former industrial use ofthe landscape, the intervention is tested by considering the principles of sustained life by theimmediate landscape. The aim has been to analyze and translate principles at the scale of landscape,farm and unit into a reproducible, productive infrastructure that harvest energy from recreation,cultivation, production and the condition of the topography.
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Costa, Christina Jeanne. "Productive aging in the workplace: Understanding factors that promote or impede psychological engagement in work." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2357.
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Thesis advisor: Marcie Pitt-CatsouphesThe productive aging paradigm emphasizes the importance of continued engagement in productive roles for maintaining health and vitality in later life. The word "engagement" is frequently used within this literature to refer to physical engagement with a role--or one's involvement in the categorical sense. However, psychological engagement--or one's subjective experience of a role as positive, meaningful, invigorating, and inspiring--is less frequently discussed. While there is a well-developed body of knowledge on the antecedents and consequences of psychological engagement with paid work, little is known about the role of age or age-related factors in these relationships. This dissertation begins to fill this gap in the knowledge base by drawing upon important insights from the business management and industrial/organizational psychology literature to understand factors that may contribute to and/or detract from older adults' ability to psychologically engage in work roles and whether these relationships vary for older adults (age 50 or older, n = 543) compared to midlife (age 35 to 49, n = 653) or younger adults (under age 35, n = 664). Results of multi-level regression analyses suggest that personal resources (i.e., core self-evaluations) and job resources (i.e., task variety, autonomy, friendship, task identity, task significance, supervisor support, job security, inclusion in decision-making, opportunities for learning and development, and team culture of flexibility) were main predictors of engagement for older adults as well as midlife and younger adults. Interestingly, the strength and nature of several of the job resource-engagement relationships were dependent upon job demands and/or core self-evaluations for older adults; however, in general, this was not the case for younger or midlife adults. Age differences remained even after controlling for several factors that could account for age-based differences in predictors of engagement (e.g., tenure). These findings provide a fuller understanding of the conditions that promote or impede psychological engagement with work in later life and will help policymakers and practitioners to better recognize and advocate for work contexts that maximize well-being for older adults
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work
Discipline: Social Work
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Ngwexana, Tulile. "Access to land and productive resources among female farmers in Stellenbosch: Implications for women’s empowerment and household food." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6695.
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Magister Commercii - MComWomen play an important role in food security. Growing, processing, purchasing, preparing and serving food to their families is a common and distinctive relationship they have to food in most societies in the world. They also play a critical role in food security. Yet, studies show that women are the most vulnerable to household food insecurity. At the heart of women’s differential vulnerability to household food insecurity is their lack of ownership of the means of food production, mainly land. Food is grown on land and access to land for productive purposes is vital for food security, especially for women who have little other means of securing food aside from performing subsistence farming for household food security. Thus, analyzing women experiences of accessing land and productive resources, and the manner in which such access shapes their empowerment and ability to achieve household food security is important. In this dissertation, women’s empowerment refers to a process where women gain the ability to make strategic life choices; I take the position that for women to be empowered, their access to resources, individual capacities and agency must be improved. Thus, this dissertation aims to examine the lived experiences of female farmers in Stellenbosch in terms of access to land and productive resources, and the implications this kind of access has for women’s empowerment and household food security.
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Murphy, Joseph M. "Unplatted land division's effects on resource productive lands : a study of the Michigan Land Division Act." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1125087.
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For nearly thirty years, the Subdivision Control Act of 1967 (SCA) was the state statute that governed land division in Michigan. The SCA allowed for an indiscriminant pattern of large lot, rural land division that challenged, if not destroyed, viable land resource production. In 1996, the Michigan Legislature passed the Land Division Act (LDA), which repealed and replaced the title and certain sections of the SCA. The LDA attempts to eliminate many of the results that the former statute had on rural land by establishing fewer division before platting is required and offering incentives to retain greater percentages of the parcel being partitioned. This research examines the current efficiency of the incentives, to retain 60% or more of the original parcel, in Eaton and Montmorency counties, which represent two scenario locations. The findings reveal that the incentives have not been utilized in Montmorency County and minimally utilized in Eaton County. Those unplatted land divisions that utilized the incentives, commonly referred to as "bonus" parcels, are located in rural regions, with predominantly agricultural land cover, in proximity to urbanized areas. The results indicate that the incentives under the LDA have been minimally applied and have not yet helped retain significant portions of resource productive land in Michigan.Department of Urban Planning
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Shirey, Katherine Levenick. ""How Do We Make This Happen?" Teacher Challenges and Productive Resources for Integrating Engineering Design into High-School Physics." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10268822.
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Recent attention on social, civil, and environmental problems has caused policy-makers and advisors to advocate for more integrated science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) instruction. Although integrated STEM education promises to prepare U.S. students to tackle the crises of our times and the future (Lander & Gates, 2010), the integration of engineering design into high-school physics may prove difficult for teachers whether or not they’ve been previously trained in engineering design. This dissertation addresses a gap in classroom observation-based research on engineering integration in physics (Dare, Ellis, & Roehrig, 2014) by drawing on rich, qualitative, participant-observation data to investigate engineering-design instruction in high-school physics.
The first study explores tensions that three high-school physics teachers encountered as they planned and executed a terminal velocity engineering design challenge. Separating out physics content came into tension with truly integrated engineering-design instruction as envisioned in the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Lead States, 2013d), time and technical constraints came into tension with adequate data collection for making design decisions, and teachers’ supportive classroom routines came into tension with students’ divergent design thinking and agency. The first study concludes that even highly motivated and supported teachers may experience tensions between their regularly productive instructional practices and engineering design that could threaten the authenticity of the engineering design in which students engage.
The second study identifies some of teacher “Leslie’s” productive resources (locally coherent patterns of thoughts and actions) activated as she implemented her first engineering design challenge in physics. Leslie called up some of the same resources when she taught engineering design as when she facilitated open, guided, and structured-inquiry investigations. This study suggests that finding and calling upon resources that are assistive in other instruction, such as inquiry instruction, might be useful for science teachers attempting engineering-design integration.
Science education reform implementation researchers, teacher educators, and professional development providers need to acknowledge tensions that teachers may face with engineering-design integration, and the role that teachers’ existing resources can play in supporting reform adoption. Finally, this study agrees with other work (Katehi, Perason, Feder, & Committee on K-12 Engineering Education, 2009) emphasizing the need for more research on engineering-design integration in high-school physics.
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Joya, Mohammad Omar. "Trois essais sur la volatilité macroéconomique, la diversification productive, et les liaisons intersectorielles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0722/document.
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Dans une série d'essais empiriques, cette thèse analyse les effets de la diversification productive sur la volatilité et la productivité dans les pays riches en ressources naturelles. Dans le premier chapitre, je montre que bien que les ressources naturelles affectent négativement la croissance économique en augmentant la volatilité, les pays riches en ressources peuvent compenser les effets déclencheurs de la volatilité des ressources en diversifiant leurs économies. Les pays dont la structure de production est initialement plus diversifiée, ou qui parviennent à se diversifier au cours de leur développement économique, sont susceptibles de bénéficier de leur dotation en ressources. Dans le deuxième chapitre, j’explique que les pays riches en ressources disposés à diversifier leurs économies pour stimuler leur productivité sont confrontés à deux choix; soit développer des industries axées sur les ressources, soit diversifier leur économie dans son ensemble vers de nouvelles activités qui ne dépendent pas nécessairement des ressources naturelles. L’analyse empirique montre que la diversification par les liens vers l’aval du secteur de l'exploitation minière ne conduit pas à des améliorations de productivité. En revanche, l'élargissement et la diversification de la structure de production dans son ensemble offrent des potentiels de croissance de la productivité à des niveaux de revenus plus élevés. Dans le troisième chapitre, j’analyse la relation entre la diversification et la volatilité du point de vue du réseau de production constitué par l’ensemble des liens d’approvisionnement entre secteurs. Je trouve que l'emplacement d'un secteur au sein du réseau et son influence sur d'autres secteurs ont des effets contradictoires sur le risque que les fluctuations subies par ce secteur génèrent une volatilité agrégée. Les secteurs situés dans des régions denses du réseau ont un effet atténuant sur la volatilité globale via les effets de substitution, tandis que ceux qui sont plus influents et au centre d'un réseau fortement asymétrique génèrent des fluctuations globales via les effets de contagion et les liaisons intersectorielles. Ceux-ci suggèrent que la répartition et la structure des liens interindustriels jouent un rôle important dans la façon dont la diversification conditionne l'impact des chocs idiosyncrasiques sur la volatilité globaleIn a series of empirical essays, this thesis looks at the various intertwining aspects of growth volatility and productive diversification in resource-rich countries. In the first chapter, I find that while natural resources adversely affect economic growth by increasing growth volatility, resource-rich countries can offset the volatility-triggering effects of natural resources by diversifying their economies. Countries that start off with more diversified production structure or are able to diversify as they develop are likely to benefit from their resource endowment. In the second chapter, I discuss the fact that resource-rich countries willing to diversify their economies are faced with dual policy options; to either develop resource-based industries, or diversify their economies as a whole into new activities not necessarily dependent on natural resources. The empirical analysis shows that diversification through downstream and forward linkages to mining does not lead to productivity enhancements. However, broadening and diversifying the production structure as a whole offer potentials for productivity growth at higher levels of income. In the third chapter, I look at the relation between diversification and volatility from a production network perspective, composed of input-output linkages across sectors. I find that the location of a sector within the production network and its influence on other sectors have conflicting effects on the risk that sectoral shocks lead to aggregate volatility. Sectors that are located in dense parts of the network have a mitigating effect on aggregate volatility via substitution effects, while those that are more influential and central in a strongly asymmetrical network generate aggregate fluctuations via contagion effects and inter-industry linkages. These suggest that the distribution and the network structure of inter-industry linkages play an important role into how diversification conditions the impact of idiosyncratic shocks on aggregate volatility
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Peñalver, González Jonatan. "Happy and Productive Groups: A compendium of multimethod studies on group positive affect from Positive Psychology." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668535.
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The main aim of this dissertation is to improve our current understanding of the group positive affect in the working context. In order to complete this objective, three research challenges are carried out which attend to both academic and professional needs. A series of chapters have been developed (integrative review and empirical studies) by using different samples (university students, employees), different assessors (employees, supervisors) and different statistical methods (structural equation models, hierarchical models, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis). The results suggest theoretical and practical implications, as well as new lines of research at different levels of an organization.El principal objetivo de la presente tesis doctoral es avanzar en la comprensión del afecto positivo grupal en el contexto laboral. Para cumplir con este objetivo se plantean tres retos de investigación que atienden a necesidades tanto académicas como profesionales. Haciendo uso de diferentes muestras (estudiantes universitarios, empleados), diferentes evaluadores (empleados, supervisores) y diferentes métodos estadísticos (modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, modelos jerárquicos, análisis clúster, análisis discriminantes) se han elaborado una serie de capítulos (revisión integrativa y estudios empíricos). Los resultados suscitan implicaciones teóricas, implicaciones prácticas, así como nuevas líneas de investigación en los diferentes niveles de una organización.
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Souza, éverton Cristian Rodrigues de. "Características de gerenciamento da produtividade dos recursos de produção das empresas pertencentes ao APL calçadista da Paraíba." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5246.
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Previous issue date: 2012-08-30Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The global situation compels the enterprises to the adoption of distinct posture from everything have been seen in the past, adopting advanced models of the manufacturing organization and seeking to establish strategic partnerships focused in the competitiveness. One of interorganizational partnership arrangements, based on the concept of coopetition, is the Local Productive Arrangement (APL). Among the typical characteristics of this type of business arrangement are the site location, with a focus on regional vocation exploration and intensive use of resources available at regional level. Thus, this dissertation presents the characteristics of management and productivity metrics productive resources of the component companies of the shoes maker APL in Paraíba, Brazil. In order to reach the proposed objectives were undertaken the following steps systematically: literature review, around themes related to APLs, management of productive resources and productivity, with a view to the composition of a framework that support theoretical research; site data collection, operationalized by a pre-structured questionnaire in order to obtain representative data of the object of study; and analysis of acquired data, under the lens of the themes around which orbits research . Among the results obtained in this study, it was found that the relationship is more pronounced between the enterprise and the institutional bodies that support the APL, and the relationship interenterprise is incipient. It was noted also that the cluster is composed mainly of micro and small businesses, being common, many of the manegement characteristics, identified by the literature as peculiar of that scope enterprises. It is an informal APL. The findings point also to the unsystematic management of enterprises, endowed with great content empiricism and neglect of modern management models. With regard to productivity management practices, it was found that only about a third of the companies surveyed do performance monitoring through productivity indicators, using partial indicators of character and punctual, not being representative of the company as a whole, which prevents monitoring evolving the company, mainly because there are no formal records of surveyed indicators, disabling monitoring or comparison with other companies. Thus we conclude that the arrangement object of study approaches a cluster of Micro and Smalls enterprises that act individualistically, failing in care of some essential factors to the development of an APL, listed in the literature. There is also the need for closer approaching between actors, including the common resource management by the firms, which will reduce the uncertainties of management and promote better flow of tacit knowledge of the cluster. We conclude, too, that while meeting the goals of its utilization, productivity rates adopted by companies studied only partially meet the criteria of selectivity proposed in the literature, particularly with regard to the contemplation of the strategic nature of productivity management.
A presente conjuntura global impele as empresa à adoção de postura distinta de tudo que já se viu em épocas passadas, adotando modelos avançados de organização da manufatura e buscando o estabelecimento de parcerias estratégicas, para se adequar à competitividade. Uma das modalidades de parceria interorganizacional, pautada no conceito de coopetição, é o Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL). Dentre as características inerentes a esse tipo de arranjo empresarial estão a inserção local, com foco na exploração da vocação regional e uso intensivo dos recursos disponíveis em esfera regional. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar as características do gerenciamento e metrificação da produtividade dos recursos produtivos das empresas componentes do APL de calçados da Paraíba. Para fins de alcance dos objetivos propostos, empreenderam-se as seguintes etapas: revisão bibliográfica em torno dos eixos temáticos referentes a APLs, gestão dos recursos produtivos e produtividade, com vistas á composição de um arcabouço teórico de suporte á pesquisa; coleta de dados in loco, instrumentalizada por um questionário pré estruturado, a fim de obtenção de dados representativos do objeto em estudo; e a análise dos dados adquiridos, sob a lente dos eixos temáticos em torno dos quais a pesquisa orbita. Dentre os resultados alcançados nessa pesquisa, constatou-se que o relacionamento interinstitucional é mais acentuado entre empresas e os órgãos de apoio ao APL, sendo o relacionamento interempresarial muito incipiente. Constatou-se ainda que o APL é composto majoritariamente por micro e pequenas empresas, possuindo, de forma generalizada, muitas das características típicas apontadas pela literatura. Trata-se de um APL informal. Os achados apontam, ainda, para o gerenciamento assistemático das empresas, dotados de grande teor de empirismo e negligência de modelos modernos de gestão. No que toca às práticas de gestão da produtividade, identificou-se que cerca de um terço das empresas pesquisadas faz acompanhamento do desempenho através de indicadores, utilizando-se de índices de caráter parcial e pontual, não sendo representativos da empresa como um todo, o que inviabiliza o monitoramento evolutivo da própria empresa, principalmente por não haver registros formais dos indicadores de produtividade levantados, nem permitindo o monitoramento comparativo com outras empresas. Com isso conclui-se que o arranjo objeto do estudo aproxima-se de um aglomerado de MPEs que atuam de forma individualista, falhando no atendimento de alguns fatores indispensáveis ao desenvolvimento de um APL, elencados na literatura. Observou-se, também, a necessidade cogente de maior aproximação dos atores, inclusive no gerenciamento dos recursos de uso comum às empresas, o que reduzirá as incertezas do gerenciamento e favorecerá melhor fluxo do conhecimento tácito do arranjo. Conclui-se ainda que, embora atendam aos objetivos de sua utilização, os índices de produtividade adotados pelas empresas estudadas atendem apenas parcialmente os critérios de seletividade propostos na literatura, principalmente no que toca à contemplação do caráter estratégico da gestão da produtividade.
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Cordeiro, José Carlos Alves. "Fatores determinantes na área de operações para competitividade das empresas." Universidade de Taubaté, 2013. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=708.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir com o processo de decisões em estratégias de produção no que se refere a decisões de curto prazo e otimização de recursos produtivos. Algumas dessas decisões, foco deste trabalho, relacionam-se com questões clássicas: o que deve ser produzido, quanto deve ser produzido, quais produtos devem ser produzidos e qual deverá ser o prazo para a entrega de seu produto ao cliente. Estas questões poderiam de certa maneira ser respondidas facilmente quando os mercados possuíam menores exigências quanto à qualidade, prazos e quantidades. Para determinados mercados cuja competição é baseada na diversidade de produtos e no tempo de resposta, isto é, clientes que desejam velocidade no atendimento, alta variedade e confiabilidade, estas questões tornaram-se complexas. Este trabalho demonstra que se pode conseguir bons resultados por meio de análises estatísticas e otimização de recursos produtivos mesmo considerando um sistema de entradas aleatórias, com um único recurso produtivo e limitado por restrições e tendo que decidir por dois tipos de atendimento conflitantes: produzir para estoque ou produzir sob encomenda. Propõe por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa analisar a questão sob a perspectiva da teoria das filas e análises estatísticas melhorar a eficiência de um recurso produtivo por meio de uma estratégia diferenciada de programação e planejamento. Também se demonstrou que as decisões tomadas pelos gestores de produção podem influenciar e impactar no processo competitivo da empresa.This work aims to contribute to the process of decisions on production strategies with regard to short-term decisions and optimization of productive resources. Some of these decisions, the focus of this work relates to the classic questions: what should be produced, how much should be produced, which products should be produced and what should be the deadline for delivery of your product to the customer. These questions could be answered in a way easily when markets had lower requirements for quality, quantity and deadlines. For certain markets where competition is based on product diversity and response time, ie customers who want speed in service, high reliability and variety, these issues have become complex. This article demonstrates that good results can be achieved through statistical analysis and optimization of productive resources even considering a system of random inputs with a single productive resource and limited by constraints and having to decide for two types of care conflicting produce to stock or produce custom. It proposes using a quantitative approach to analyze the issue from the perspective of queuing theory and statistical analysis to improve the efficiency of a productive resource through a differentiated strategy planning and programming. It was also demonstrated that the decisions taken by the managers of production can influence and impact the companys competitive process.
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O'Brien, Patricia Ann, and patricia o'brien@rmit edu au. "COncepts and costs for the maintenance of productive capacity: a study of the measurement and reporting of soil quality." RMIT University. Accounting and Law, 1999. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20040930.170346.
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This thesis studies the role accounting plays in the monitoring and reporting of soil quality in one sector of the agricultural industry, broadacre farming. A survey was conducted with broadacre farmers in the Loddon Catchment, Victoria, Australia. The primary aim was to determine the effectiveness accounting plays in providing information to decision makers relative to the productive capacity in soil quality and not just on profits. The capital asset in this study was defined as soil quality. Soils and soil quality in particular, are major elements in determining land value. The concern is decisions are being made by potential buyers and other decision makers, particularly policy makers, with regards to soil quality on the basis of incomplete and often misleading information. It is proposed that a major reason is due to the fact that different participants in the agricultural and accounting industries require and use different information. The accounting systems used by farmers are those that have been developed for the manufacturing sector which may not be appropriate for managing long-term, complex resources such as soil. The farmers themselves did not find formal accounting reports useful for decision making because these reports are based on uniform standards and market prices. The topic of soil quality and land degradation is viewed from two perspectives. In one perspective, the proprietary view; the accounting emphasis is on the ownership of assets and the change, both in income and capital, in these assets over time. In this case the accounting equation is seen as assets - liabilities = equities. The proprietor takes all the risk. A more recent perspective in accounting, the entity view, emphasises the assets whether financed from equity or debt and where the accounting equation is seen as assets = equities. The emphasis changes to the income flow from these assets and more interest is shown in current market prices as a reflection of the future value of these assets Profit is not necessarily a good indicator of what farmers are doing for their capital asset. There needs to be greater emphasis on costs undertaken for the conservation of soil. Those costs should be considered an investment and put into the balance sheet and not the profit and loss statement. The major finding of study demonstrates that decision making groups have different
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Pereira, Júnior José Feliciano. "Realocação de pedidos de calçados em aglomerados industriais em função de grandes distúrbios na produção." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3619.
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Previous issue date: 2004-02-26Initially this work explains, appraises and characterizes industrial cluster in the following classes: (C1) they are the Regional Cluster without formal coordenation that many authors call by Industrial Districts; (C2) class is about the clusters for Exportation e (C3) is about the Cluster Commanded by a Mother-company. The first class has been widely studied in literature. The group of research PLACOP of the Department of Production Engineering at Federal University in São Carlos has been developed research directed toward the classes C2 and C3. It is made a literature review on disturbance in the productive capacity once these factors are ones of the main problems of the current productive system; it is appraised change and disturbance, analyzed the impact of the disturbance and considered the classification of the types of disturbance in the productive capacity. After this it is briefly revised the problem of resource allocation. Later the problem of order allocation in industrial cluster in function of great disturbance in the production is studied, contemplating the definition of the problem with proposal of process of order allocation, the construction of the model and the use of the language of Modeling GAMS to get the results of the model. Finally a case study is presented that deepens the problem of disturbance in the productive capacity and order allocation in industrial cluster of the shoes´s sector of Birigüi (SP) commanded by a mother- company; in this case, the data are collected, the results are obtained and analysed. Since this research explore an aspect important and neglected by the Operations Management literature, this research brings a contribution for this knowledge area.
Esse trabalho inicia-se contextualizando, conceituando e caracterizando aglomerados industriais nas seguintes classes: (C1) são os Aglomerados Regionais sem coordenação formal que muitos autores denominam de Distritos Industriais; (C2) tratam-se dos Consórcios para Exportação e (C3) tratam-se dos Aglomerados Comandados por Empresa-mãe. A primeira classe tem sido amplamente estudada na literatura. O grupo de pesquisa PLACOP do Departamento de Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal de São Carlos vem desenvolvendo pesquisas voltadas para as classes C2 e C3. É feita uma revisão literária sobre distúrbios na capacidade produtiva uma vez que esses fatores são uns dos principais problemas do sistema produtivo atual, conceituando mudança e distúrbios, analisando o impacto dos distúrbios e propondo a classificação dos tipos de distúrbios na capacidade produtiva. A seguir é revisado de forma sucinta o problema de alocação de recursos. Depois é estudado o problema de alocação de pedidos em aglomerados industriais em função de grandes distúrbios na produção, contemplando a definição do problema com proposta de processo de alocação de pedidos, a construção do modelo e o uso da linguagem de Modelagem GAMS para obter os resultados do modelo. Por fim é apresentado um estudo de caso que aprofunda o problema de distúrbios na capacidade produtiva e de alocação de pedidos em um aglomerado industrial do setor calçadista de Birigüi (SP) comandada pela empresa-mãe, com levantamento dos dados, obtenção dos resultados e avaliação dos resultados de forma a proporcionar uma contribuição para a área de Gestão da Produção, pois explora um aspecto importante e pouco explorado formalmente.
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Livock, Cheryl A. "Alternative schooling programs for at risk youth : three case studies." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/28898/.
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This thesis develops a critical realist explanatory critique of alternative schooling programs for youth at risk taking place at three case study sites. Throughout the thesis the author pursues the question, \Are alternative provisions of schooling working academically and socially for youth at risk?. The academic lens targets literacy learning and associated pedagogies. Social outcomes are posited as positive social behaviours and continued engagement in learning. A four phased analysis, drawing on critical realism, interpretive and subject specific theories is used to elicit explanations for the research question. An overall framework is a critical realist methodology as set out by Danermark, Ekstrom, Jakobsen and Karlsson (2002, p. 129). Consequently phase one describes the phenomena of alternative schooling programs taking place at three case study sites. This is reported first as staff narratives that are resolved into imaginable historical causal components of \generative events., \prior schooling structures., \models of alternative schooling., \purpose., \individual agency., and \relations with linked community organisations.. Then transcendental questions are posed about each component using retroduction to uncover structures, underlying mechanisms and powers, and individual agency. In the second phase the researcher uses modified grounded theory methodology to theoretically redescribe causal categories related to a \needed different teaching and administrative approach. that emerged from the previous critique. A transcendental question is then applied to this redescription. The research phenomena are again theoretically redescribed in the third phase, this time using three theoretically based constructs associated with literacy and literacy pedagogies; the NRS, the 4 Resources Model, and Productive Pedagogies. This redescription is again questioned in terms of its core or \necessary. components. The fourth phase makes an explanatory critique by comparing and critiquing all previous explanations, recontextualising them in a wider macro reality of alternative schooling. Through this critical realist explanatory critiquing process, a response emerges not only to whether alternative provisions of schooling are working, but also how they are working, and how they are not working, with realistically based implications for future improvement.
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Yaman, Ibrahim. "Effects Of Instructions Based On Cognitive Bridging And Cognitive Conflict On 9th Grade Students." Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615734/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to compare the effects of the instructions based on cognitive bridging and cognitive conflict approaches and gender on 9th grade students&lsquoconceptual understanding of force and motion, self-efficacy, and epistemological beliefs. The study was conducted with a sample of 206 students in two different schools. The instructional method (traditional, cognitive conflict, and cognitive bridging) and students&lsquo
gender were used as independent variables in a 3x2 factorial design. Within this design, three treatment groups were constructed, one was control group with no researcher intervention and the other two were used as experimental groups. In one of the experimental groups, students received cognitive bridging instruction and students in the other group received cognitive conflict instruction. Pretests and posttests were administered to assess students&lsquo
conceptual understanding of force and motion, self-efficacy, and epistemological beliefs. Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was used to explore the main effects of teaching methods and gender, and possible interactions between them. The results showed that teaching method had a significant effect on students&lsquo
conceptual understanding of force and motion in favor of experimental groups. Nevertheless, no significant difference was detected between the effects of cognitive conflict and cognitive bridging. There was no significant difference between male and female students either on the dependent variables of conceptual understandings of force and motion, self-efficacy, and epistemological beliefs. Finally, the present study couldn&lsquo
t capture any significant interaction between teaching method and gender on the combined dependent variables.
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Moghaddam, Atefeh. "Production scheduling : unavailabitlity of resources." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0025.
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Dans le marché d’aujourd’hui, l’un des facteurs de survie les plus importants pour une entreprise est la garantie de la satisfaction des clients. Parfois, une entreprise ne peut pas satisfaire les exigences de ses clients à cause de contraintes telles que la capacité limitée ou les dates de fin strictes. Elle est donc obligée d’ignorer certaines commandes et de les rejeter ou encore de sous-traiter ces commandes. Dans les deux cas, la société est soumise à des frais. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions les différents types de ligne de production dans lesquels le rejet des commandes est possible. D’abord, nous avons étudié le problème d’ordonnancement bi-objectif sur une seule machine. Nous avons proposé une méthode exacte et plusieurs méta-heuristiques et heuristique efficaces pour trouver une bonne estimation de solutions non-dominées. Ainsi, nous avons étudié les différents concepts de dominance afin de limiter notre recherche dans la région la plus prometteuse du front de Pareto. Par la suite, nous avons étudié un problème d’ordonnancement réentrant à deux machines. Dans ce cas, le rejet des tâches a lieu en fonction de leurs dates de fin strictes. Nous avons considéré deux décisions simultanées : l’acceptation des tâches et leur ordonnancement. Un modèle de programmation linéaire mixte en nombres entiers et différents algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs, ainsi que l’intégration des concepts de dominance divers, ont été proposés. Enfin, un problème plus général d’ordonnancement flow-shop de permutation réentrant avec dates de fin strictes et le rejet autorisé a été abordéIn today’s competitive market, one of the most important survival factors for a company is the achievement of customers’ satisfaction. Sometimes, a company can not fulfill its customers’ requirements due to the constraints such as limited capacity or tight due dates so it is obliged to ignore some orders and reject them or find another supplier to out-source those orders. In both cases, the company is charged a fee. In this thesis we investigate different types of production line in which rejection of the jobs is possible. At the beginning, we studied a variant of the problem as bi-objective single-machine scheduling problem with rejection. We proposed an exact method and some efficient metaheuristics and a heuristic to find a good estimation of non-dominated solution set. We found that in industrial case, most of the time the decision maker preferred the non-dominated solutions placed in the middle part of Pareto front. So we investigated different dominance concepts apart from Pareto in order to limit our research into the most promising region of Pareto front. Then we studied a two-machine re-entrant scheduling problem with rejection. In this case, the rejection of jobs occurred due to their strict due dates. So we examined simultaneous job acceptance and scheduling decisions. A mixed integer linear programming model and different multi-objective genetic-based algorithms were proposed by integrating various dominance concepts. Finally, a more general problem of re-entrant permutation flow-shop scheduling problem with strict due dates and rejection was tackled
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Cox, Donna. "Psycho-analysis and textual production." Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3957.
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As its title suggests, this study is divided into two separate but related parts. Each part of the thesis is then sub-divided into sections. Part I is evolutionary in nature, building its argument in a more linear and expository style than those sections which comprise Part II which stand in a more dialogical relation to each other and are self-sufficient in form. The title of the thesis uses the term 'psycho-analysis' as it was first introduced by Freud with reference to a systemic methodology. It should be noted that the 'textual production' to which I refer in the title should not suggest a Marxist-based analysis. Instead, it refers to the activation of the text in conjunction with its encounter with the reading subject. As such, it does not refer to the creation of an author, nor to the material production via institutions in the strict historical sense. It does, however, refer to a material affect of the signifier in its interpretative rendering by emphasizing its bodily interlinking with the imaginary of the reader in a scene which is analogous to that of hysterical symptomatology. Part I is entitled 'Psycho-Analysis' and consists of three sections which explore the beginnings of psychoanalysis, its main theories on hysteria and the relationship between Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud. The theoretical base of hysteria is considered to be illuminating to analyses of critical procedures such as those employed in literary criticism. Part II is entitled 'Textual Production' and is comprised of six sections of textual readings. These readings are presented as discrete in themselves yet of an interlocking character. This study of psycho-analysis and textual production has attempted to examine the mechanisms of critical encounter in relation to the psychoanalytical text and the literary text. Theories offered by psycho-analysis formulated with reference to hysteria are considered to offer an illuminating parallel to those processes which occur in critical practice.
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Asad, Amir Zada. "Opium and heroin production in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Hull, 1999. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3960.
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Schanken, Luke G. "INTERNSHIP WITH EQUITABLE RESOURCES PRODUCTION COMPANY – GEOLOGIST." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1240582253.
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Trivedi, Manas. "Multi-objective generation scheduling with hybrid energy resources." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202498690/.
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Benson, Simon. "The production of early modern dramatic space : practices, places and perceptions." Thesis, University of Hull, 2010. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2719.
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From the introduction:This dissertation explores the nature and development of dramatic space in early modern England. Arguing that essential to its quality and character was the early modern player’s ability to produce highly creative and productive spatial textures and experiences, this dissertation examines some of the shifting attitudes to and uses of space from ca. 1516 (the date of publication of Thomas More’s Utopia) to the first decade of the 17th century for what they reveal about the spatial economies that common playing responded to, participated in, developed and sustained. The theoretical basis for the work draws from the phenomenological philosophy of Lefebvre, de Certeau, Merleau-Ponty and Derrida – all of whom offer different but complementary ways of recognising the instrumental role of primordial experience (as opposed to the forms of intellectualised knowledge through which experience is subsequently organised and mediated) in the production of meaning. For Mike Pearson and Michael Shanks, recognizing space as the product of experience is the necessary first step toward opening up the creative approaches necessary for recontextualising the past. Rather than approaching the past looking for ‘things’ to collect and curate, Pearson and Shanks engage with it as an embodied field, wandering through it as one would a landscape, noting its various identities, instabilities and its constantly shifting textures. Their highly spatial and spatialising approaches take account of what is lost when we engage with the past solely (or even largely) through texts (and the discourses texts sustain), and they argue for stories (plural) about the past rather than the production of single, dominant and authorising texts on it. Similarly, Michel de Certeau, asserting the value of the knowledge that is derived from stories, argues for a theory of narration in relation to practices and the spaces practices produce – for de Certeau, stories (plural) cannot be reduced to a single meaning, they ‘are not about movement, they make movements, not objects but effects, they transform, they do exactly what they say they do […] they bring invisible geographies into contact with the ordered realm of the rational’ (italics original). In seeking to describe and account for the ephemeral and elusive nature of early modern dramatic space, this dissertation recognises the impossibility of such a task (of translating primordial experience into language). However, by taking into account some of the spatial transactions and exchanges that early modern dramatic production participated in, the story told here attempts to make visible a normally invisible geography by pointing out those logics of practice (‘the ordered realm of the rational’) through which that geography is/was produced.
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Tessier, Wayne Danny. "The role of aldehyde dehydrogenases in Acetyl-CoA production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11284.
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Gao, Fei. "Mitochondrial ATP production and energy-buffering in the human pathogen Trypanosoma brucei." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8492.
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The mitochondrion plays a vital role in the cellular energy (ATP) provision of the human pathogen Trypanosoma brucei. ATP is produced in the mitochondrial matrix from ADP and inorganic phosphate by substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation. To maintain the cellular energy provision, ATP has to be exported from the mitochondrial matrix, and ADP and Pi imported from the cytosol. This exchange is in eukaryotes facilitated by specific mitochondrial carrier family (MCF) proteins, i.e. the ADP/ATP carrier and the phosphate carrier located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The MCF protein inventory of T. brucei from our lab’s previous study showed two putative ADP/ATP carriers, i.e. TbMCP5 and TbMCP15, and two putative phosphate carriers, i.e. TbMCP8 and TbMCP11. In order to confirm the mitochondrial carrier family proteins and further study mitochondrial energy metabolism, proteomic analysis of mitochondria in both bloodstream form and procyclic form T. brucei were performed. The preliminary results showed that many enzymes required for TCA cycle, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism exist in both bloodstream form and procyclic form T.brucei. (Data were not shown in this thesis). Functional characterisation of TbMCP5 and TbMCP15 (Chapter II) revealed that only TbMCP5 functions as a mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier, while the function of TbMCP15 remains unknown. TbMCP5 is able to functionally complement growth of ADP/ATP-carrier deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae on a non-fermentable carbon source, and mitochondrial transport experiments (done by Ludovic Pelosi) revealed that TbMCP5 has similar biochemical ADP/ATP transport kinetics to the prototypical ADP/ATP carrier ScAnc2p from yeast. Silencing of TbMCP5 expression confirmed that this MCF protein is essential for the survival of the procyclic form T. brucei and represents the only ADP/ATP exchanger present in the procyclic form mitochondrion. Functional characterisation of the putative mitochondrial phosphate carriers TbMCP8 and TbMCP11 (Chapter III) revealed that only TbMCP11 is expressed in the bloodstream form and procyclic form of T. brucei. Silencing of TbMCP11 expression in the bloodstream form had no effect on growth, whereas in the procyclic form it resulted in a lethal growth phenotype. Heterologous expression of TbMCP11 in mitochondrial phosphate carrier-deficient S. cerevisiae restored its growth on a non-fermentable carbon source as well as the phosphate-dependent swelling of its mitochondria. ATP exported from the mitochondrion is either directly used by the rest of the cell or stored as an energy buffer, which can be used during periods of high energy demand. The phosphoarginine/arginine kinase energy (ATP) buffering system of T. brucei consists of three different arginine kinase isoforms, i.e. TbAK1-3 (Chapter IV). The TbAK1-3 isoforms are localised in different subcellular compartments, here respectively the flagellum, glycosome and cytosol, and are dependent on the presence of specific organellar targeting signals. Silencing of total TbAK expression in the procyclic form of T. brucei resulted in a significant growth defect, and was even lethal in the presence of the oxidative challenging agent hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest an important role of the T. brucei phosphoarginine/arginine kinase energy-buffering system in oxidative stress defence. Additional roles of the TbAK isoforms in the different subcellular compartments are proposed. In conclusion, the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier TbMCP5 and phosphate carrier TbMCP11, and the TbAK1-3-dependant energy buffering system play an essential role in the maintenance of the T.brucei energy metabolism.
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Ingwald, Anders. "Technologies for better utilisation of production process resources." Doctoral thesis, Växjö : Växjö University Press, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2505.
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Nicolas, Lionel. "Efficient production of linguistic resources : the Victoria project." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4114.
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L’efficacité de la grande majorité des outils utilisés pour le Traitement Automatique des Langues Naturelles (TALN) dépend directement ou indirectement des ressources linguistiques informatisées sur lesquels ils reposent. Pour des langues internationalement employées telles que le français ou l’espagnol, bien des ressources de référence sont encore dans un état précaire de développement. Pour d’autres langues ayant une communauté moins importante, ces ressources sont souvent inexistantes. Cette situation est la conséquence directe des ambigüités et des irrégularités des langues naturelles. Ces dernières rendent leur formalisation complexe, leur description manuelle fastidieuse et leur acquisition automatisée difficile. De nos jours, pour les aspects linguistiques ayant des formalismes de description consensuels, la principale limitation à la création des ressources linguistiques est le coût humain prohibitif induit par leur création et amélioration manuelle. Comme le formalise la loi de Zipf, améliorer la qualité et la couverture d’une ressource linguistique devient toujours plus laborieux lorsque l’on compara les efforts investis aux améliorations obtenues. La difficulté est donc moins de savoir comment décrire l’aspect linguistique d’une langue que d’en réaliser une description dont la couverture et la qualité répondent aux besoins d’applications performantes. Construire de telles ressources requiert donc des années d’efforts constants débouchant trop souvent sur des résultats d’une qualité relative et d’une visibilité limitée. L’acquisition et la correction rapides et efficaces de ressources linguistiques sont donc des problèmes peu résolus et d’une importante capitale pour les développement dans le domaine du TALN. Dans ce contexte, mes recherches ont pour but premier de faciliter la production de ressources linguistiques symboliques ayant trait à l’analyse syntaxique. Elles s’inscrivent dans un projet, appelé Victoria, dont l’objectif est de développer un ensemble de techniques, d’outils et de stratégies pour l’acquisition et la correction de règles morphologiques, de lexiques morphosyntaxiques et de grammaires lexicalisées. L’application pratique de ces développements nous a permis de créer et/ou d’améliorer des ressources linguistiques pour le français, l’espagnol et le galicien. Plus particulièrement, mes efforts se sont concentrés sur : des stratégies pratiques pour minimiser les efforts nécessaires à la création et l’amélioration de ressources linguistiques ; l’acquisition automatique des règles morphologiques d’une langue à morphologie concaténative ; la correction semi-automatique de lexiques morpho-syntaxiques à large couverture.
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Burgess, Lydia Anne. "Omega Production Resource: An Internship Report." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/aa_rpts/178.
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This report documents the internship of Lydia Anne Burgess with Omega Production Resource from August 2014 to March 2015. Omega is one of several event lighting companies operating in Greater New Orleans. Omega’s administrative offices are located in the Alario Center situated just inside of Bayou Segnette Park in Westwego, Louisiana. During her internship, Ms. Burgess worked under the direction of the Operations Director and the company founder and CEO. Among her various responsibilities, Ms. Burgess primarily assisted the CEO and Operations Director with administrative duties such as form creation/modernization, file organization, and scheduling. She also undertook marketing analysis for the company. An overview of Omega and of the internship is provided within this report. Additionally, this report provides an analysis of the company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (S.W.O.T.), recommendations for the company based on Ms. Burgess’ observations, and an examination of best practices performed by similar companies.
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Addico, Gloria Naa Dzama. "Toxic cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins and drinking water production in Ghana: implications to human health." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5872.
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The management and control of cyanobacteria and their toxins in drinking water reservoirs and water supplies have engaged the attention of many scientists worldwide due to their negative effects on population health. The cyanotoxin, microcystin, the main focus of this research has been responsible for much documented illness in humans and is the most wildly studied cyanotoxin. The World Health Organization has set a guideline limit of 1 µg/l in drinking water. A number of methodologies have been used in this research. These include the use of an inverted microscope for the identification and quantification of cyanobacteria species after sedimentation in counting chambers. The biomass of picocyanobacteria was determined by epifluorescence microscopy after staining with DAPI. Extraction, purification and concentration of dissolved microcystins were done using the Solid Phase Extraction method. Identification of microcystins was done through comparison with commercial standards and their characteristic UV- spectra, and quantified by extrapolations of HPLC peak areas at 238 nin to a linear calibration curve for microcystin-LR standard. Nutrients (N0₂-N, N0₃-N and P0₃-P) in reservoirs in Ghana were analysed using the American Public Health Association standard methods. The results which are the first of their kind from Ghana, and for most part in West Africa, highlight that the water treatment processing currently in place is not effective in removing cyanobacteria cells from the final drinking water. Positive correlations were obtained between cyanobacteria biomass and nutrients concentrations in the reservoirs. Fifteen new cyanobacteria species were identified for the first time in Ghana of which Cyanogranisferrugineais reported for the first time in tropical waters. Four known microcystin variants -1R, -RR, - LF and -YR in both dissolved and intracellular samples were identified in four drinking water reservoirs. The study concludes that, the presence and dominance of potentially toxic small sized cyanobacteria such as Aphanocapsa nubilum, Cyanogranis ferruginea, Geitlerinema unigranulatum and other toxic cyanobacteria species like Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Planktothrix agardhii and Microcystis spp in the Weija, Kpong, Barekese and the Owabi reservoirs all with basic conventional drinking water treatment facilities, shown to be ineffective in removing cyanobacteria and their toxins, present a potential risk to human health through exposure to cyanotoxins such as microcystins and cylindrospermopsin. Even though the concentrations of dissolved microcystins obtained in the reservoirs and drinking water supplies were lower than the WHO limit, there is potentially a risk to public health and ongoing monitoring would be a good idea.
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Silveira, Alexandre Coutinho da. "Governança pública de royalties: federalismo fiscal e futuras gerações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-13022015-135919/.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar criticamente a governança das receitas públicas de recursos naturais não renováveis no Brasil. Considerando a característica essencial de finitude dos recursos naturais explorados, que importa também em negar às gerações pósteras o acesso aos bens minerais e petrolíferos, impõe-se reconhecer nos diversos aspectos dessa governança a necessidade de tratar essa receita de forma singular. Para compreender quais são estas especificidades, foram eleitos dois eixos de análise: o primeiro, com a revisão da literatura sobre a maldição dos recursos naturais, a doença holandesa, e fenômenos (especialmente econômicos) relacionados à exploração mineral; e o segundo, com consulta à doutrina de diversos ramos (no Direito e fora dele) sobre a noção de justiça, solidariedade ou equidade entre gerações, bem como com a busca de especificação do conteúdo desta perspectiva, que se aplica a diversas áreas do Direito, inclusive e especialmente ao Direito Financeiro. Com essas bases, elegem-se aspectos da governança brasileira de royalties a serem analisados: o federalismo fiscal dessas receitas públicas patrimoniais; a forma de tratamento financeiro-orçamentário dos royalties, especialmente sua classificação consoante a Lei nº 4.320/1964; a utilização de Fundos para gestão dessas receitas (o Fundo Social); a relação entre a arrecadação de royalties e a arrecadação tributária, especialmente nos entes subnacionais beneficiados em grande monta com essas receitas patrimoniais; os modos de direcionamento e coação que a lei impõe ao gestor no gasto dos royalties; a transparência fiscal brasileira; e, de forma ampla, as recentes alterações (efetivadas e propostas) nas leis que regem as explorações de minérios e de petróleo no país. Conclui-se que, apesar de o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro ter avançado significativamente em alguns desses aspectos recentemente (especialmente com a criação do Fundo Social no âmbito da União, e no que diz respeito à transparência fiscal relacionada à atividade exploratória), ele não está, sob as perspectivas de análise escolhidas, adequadamente aparelhado para a governança das receitas públicas de recursos naturais não renováveis.This dissertation aims to critically analyze the Brazilian governance of public revenues from nonrenewable natural resources. Considering that finiteness is an essential characteristic of natural resources that are exploited, which implies in denying future generations the access to mineral and oil assets, one must acknowledge, in various aspects of governance, the necessity to treat these revenues singularly. To understand what these specificities are, two axes of analysis were elected: the first envolves revisiting the curse of natural resources, the Dutch disease, and phenomena (especially those of economic nature) related to the mineral exploitation; and the second involves consulting doctrine of different areas of study (in and out of Law) about notions of justice, solidarity or equity between generations, as well as searching for specification of this content, which applies to various areas of Law, including and especially Public Finance Law. Building on these foundations, some aspects of Brazilian governance of royalties were elected to be analyzed: fiscal federalism applied to these public revenues; the financial-budgetary treatment of royalties, especially its classification under Law nº 4.320/1964; the utilization of Funds to manage these revenues (the Social Fund); the relationship between the collection of royalties and the collection of taxes, especially in subnational governmental entities largely benefited by these revenues; the ways the law directs and coerces the expenditure of royalties; Brazilian fiscal transparency; and, broadly, the recent modifications (finished and proposed) in the laws that conduct the exploitation of minerals and oil in the country. It is concluded that, although the Brazilian legal system has advanced significantly in some aspects as of late (especially the creation of the Social Fund by the central government, and in respects to fiscal transparency related to the exploratory activities), it is not, under the elected perspectives of analysis, adequately prepared to regulate the governance of public revenues originating from exploration of nonrenewable natural resources.
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Kendrick, Andrew John. "The fungal production of polyunsaturated fatty acids currently considered to be of dietetic importance." Thesis, University of Hull, 1991. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:9018.
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Seventeen fungi were grown in submerged culture and their lipids extracted. Accumulation of over 20% (w/w) lipid in the biomass was correlated with the presence of ATP:citrate lyase. Phospholipids contained the greatest proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, unlike other fungi, Thraustochytrium aureum (ATCC 34304) produced the triacy1g1ycero1 fraction as the most unsaturated. Experiments failed to produce cultures of T.aureum with a lipid content greater than 15% (w/w). This correlated to the lack of ATP:citrate lyase activity. Lipid extracted from oleaginous fungi grown on oils as sole carbon source had fatty acid profiles similar to that of the carbon source. Malic enzyme was repressed in oi1- grown cultures therefore fungi lost lipogenetic capacity (due to NADPH limitation) and utilised presented fatty acids. Sesamol (methy1enedioxyphenol), supplementation of Mucor circinclloides cultures, caused a switch from lipid accumulation to alcohol production. Malic enzyme activity in such cultures was <2% of the control value and thus its absence lead to a severe deficiency of NADPH and curtailment of fatty acid biosynthesis. Entomorphthora exitalis was grown in continuous culture, over a range of temperatures. As the temperature decreased lipid unsaturation increased, as did the proportion of phospholipids. Changes in lipid unsaturation could be correlated to dissolved oxygen tension. Growth of E.exitalis over a range of oxygen concentrations failed to reproduce the temperature related effects. Stereospecific fatty acid analysis of fungal phospholipids led to the hypothesis that PUFAs derived from alpha-linolenic acid (n-3 PUFAs) are synthesised at position sn-1 of phospholipids and those derived from gamma-linolenic acid (n-6 PUFAs) are synthesised at position sn-2. Aerobic incubation of microsomal membranes of Muc.circinelloides stimulated the elongation and desaturation of fatty acyl groups of endogeneous phospholipids (position sn-2) for 1.5 hours. Malate stimulated the reactions to proceed for up to 4 hours via NADPH generation by microsomal malic enzyme.
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Archer, Jana E. "Spatiotemporal Analyses of Recycled Water Production." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3223.
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Increased demands on water supplies caused by population expansion, saltwater intrusion, and drought have led to water shortages which may be addressed by use of recycled water as recycled water products. Study I investigated recycled water production in Florida and California during 2009 to detect gaps in distribution and identify areas for expansion. Gaps were detected along the panhandle and Miami, Florida, as well as the northern and southwestern regions in California. Study II examined gaps in distribution, identified temporal change, and located areas for expansion for Florida in 2009 and 2015. Production increased in the northern and southern regions of Florida but decreased in Southwest Florida. Recycled water is an essential component water management a broader adoption of recycled water will increase water conservation in water-stressed coastal communities by allocating recycled water for purposes that once used potable freshwater.
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Yang, Jian. "A priori planning and real-time resources allocation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992941.
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Mutiso, Samuel Kituku. "Water resources and crop production in Machakos District, Kenya." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262188.
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Afolabi, Monsurat Mojirayo. "Commercialization of agriculture in Nigeria : a gender analysis of cash crop production in Yekemi, Osun State." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14598.
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The commercialization of agriculture is seen as a cornerstone of processes of development and modernisation and the incorporation of rural farmers into this economy shows their importance as a major pillar in the economy. In Nigeria, cash crop production is highly significant for farmers in terms of raising their income and improving their economic status. It tends to be the case that within Nigerian contexts, broadly speaking, there continues to exist patriarchal forms of social organization and normative gender relations. In Yorubaland, even though the word ‘farmer’ as a term for involvement in agriculture is gender-neutral, the societal job demarcations, coupled with cultural expectations, makes the word ‘farmer’ become synonymous with ‘male’ and women are seen as farmers’ wives. Little attention or recognition is paid to women farmers within agricultural production and their economic contribution to national economies through commercial agriculture, with little or no gender-segregated data on agricultural outputs. This thesis examines the impact of women’s involvement in the commercialization of cash crop production on gender relations at inter and intra household levels, focusing on Yekemi. It examines the effects of men migrating from Yekemi on cash crop production; the phenomenon of a shift in gender roles in the Yekemi community; the causative factors; the reactions of men to the shift; and the future prospects and lessons of the shift. An ethnographic approach was used, involving observations, interviews, visitations, walking the land and focus group discussions to gather detailed data about the change in status quo in gendered power relations. This study reveals the power dynamics associated with female cash crop farmers. It shows that Yekemi, though a traditional rural setting, has overcome some of these traditional gender divisions and gender segregation in agricultural labour. I discovered that women in Yekemi empower themselves through their involvement in agricultural commercialization of cash crop production, which incurs recognition of their status as farmers in the village and ability to exercise agency in decision making within their households. From the findings the thesis concludes that if participation in agricultural commercialization could be responsible for sustained economic independence and shifts in gender power dynamics beyond traditional norms in Yekemi, this could be seen as a critical example for use elsewhere. It could have significant implications for other female farmers and help to develop ways to empower rural women to gain a more visible and recognized foothold within commercial agriculture.
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Berma, Madeline. "The commercialisation of handicraft production among the Iban of Kapit division in Sarawak, Malaysia : constraints and potential." Thesis, University of Hull, 1996. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4923.
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This study is concerned with Iban involvement in commercial handicraft production (CHP). Its aim has been to examine the possibilities of employment expansion through small-scale rural industrialisation in Sarawak, Malaysia and to discuss differential Iban involvement and "success" in CHIP. The pertinent questions are: why do some Iban craftspersons take up CHP, while others do not; and under what conditions do Iban craftspersons succeed in CHIP? By undertaking this research, it is hoped to establish whether rural industrialisation based on craft production is "desirable" and 'feasible" for the rural Iban. Survey methods were employed from 200 Iban craftspersons from 10 longhouses in Kapit Division, Sarawak supported by participant observation in addition to in-depth interview with government personnel and selected entrepreneurs (such as tour operators, Chinese towkays). The thesis argues for a reinterpretation of Iban economic history because previous research on the Than economy has tended to ignore Iban involvement in non-agricultural activities, particularly in commercial activities. Although the Iban have become increasingly oriented to the market, there has been very little attention to the evolving landscape of the Iban economy. The study shows that Iban involvement in commercial activities does not occur in linear evolutionary phases; it is a variable and fluid response to changes in the social, economic, cultural and political environment. The study also shows that CI-[P provides the rural Iban with employment and income earning opportunities which, in turn enables them to sustain their livelihood whilst regenerating interest in Iban culture. Some craftspersons have succeeded in CHIP and have even managed to market their products beyond their local region. The majority, however, have been unable either to initiate, or once involved, to survive in CHIP because of constrains identified in marketing, availability of raw material, capital, labour, lack of entrepreneurship and institutional support, and certain cultural obstacles. Despite these problems, the majority of those Iban surveyed are willing to take up CHIP in the future suggesting that there is potential for the development of rural industrialisation in Sarawak. This study is a first step towards understanding the nature, extent and effects of Iban involvement in commercial activities, which is a neglected subject in development studies in Malaysia and the interplay of factors that promote or hinder their role in economic development.
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Romero, Suelene Mascarini de Souza. "Inovação e território: análise dos fatores locacionais que afetam a inovação no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3136/tde-23022017-101927/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar como fatores territoriais influenciam a capacidade de inovação das empresas brasileiras. Em especial, analisa-se como os transbordamentos de conhecimentos, a aglomeração urbana e econômica, o capital humano e a estrutura produtiva local afetam o grau de novidade da inovação que é introduzida pelas empresas no Brasil. Diferencia-se o grau de novidade da inovação por empresas que não geraram inovações, empresas que introduziram inovações para a firma, para o mercado nacional e para o mundo. A discussão sobre o território e a inovação até a década de 90 esteve bastante concentrada nos países desenvolvidos. Entretanto, nas últimas décadas atenção também tem sido dada a países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, os estudos sobre o tema têm sido direcionados a compreender como as atividades inovativas estão distribuídas nas regiões, sua heterogeneidade e quais fatores podem influenciar essa distribuição. No entanto, estudos que relacionem diretamente a inovação no nível da firma e a geografia ainda são escassos. É essa lacuna que o presente trabalho procura preencher, ao observar diretamente o efeito dos fatores sobre o grau de novidade da inovação que as empresas brasileiras introduzem, utilizando os microdados da PINTEC. Para isso, foi realizada a estimação de um modelo econométrico, baseado na Função de Produção do Conhecimento que permitiu avaliar a relação entre o grau de novidade da inovação e fatores selecionados em dois níveis, o da firma e o do território. Os resultados mostram que os fatores territoriais geram diferenciais inovativos as empresas, mesmo em países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, em que a maior parte da inovação gerada é nova para a firma. Em particular, a aglomeração econômica e o capital humano local apresentam um papel importante para se chegar à inovação de mais alto grau de novidade, como para o mundo. Ou seja, empresas localizadas em regiões mais aglomeradas economicamente e com maior participação da mão de obra empregada qualificada tendem a introduzir inovações com mais alto grau de novidade, especialmente inovações para o mercado nacional. Ao mesmo tempo, variáveis no nível da firma, como os gastos em atividades de inovação, o tamanho da firma e a sua produtividade, impactam positivamente a capacidade de inovação das empresas. Além disso, firmas que colaboram com outros agentes ou possuem capital estrangeiro tendem a introduzir inovações com mais ato grau de novidade. Por fim, o grau de novidade da inovação das empresas que recebem financiamento público como fonte de dispêndios inovativos tende a ser mais alto do que de empresas que não recebem financiamento público.The aim of this study is to assess how territorial factors affect innovation of Brazilian firms. In particular, it analyses how knowledge spillovers, agglomeration, human capital, and the local productive structure affect the degree of novelty of innovation. The degree of novelty of innovation is distinguished by whether firms did not innovate and whether firms had been able to introduce innovations that were new for the firm, new for the domestic market and new to the world. Until the 1990s, debate on territory and innovation has been focused on developed countries. However, recently increasing attention has been given to developing countries. In Brazil, previous studies have been directed to understand how innovation is distributes among regions, their heterogeneity and which factors can affect their distribution. However, studies that directly relate firm-level innovations and geography are still scant. This work addresses this gap by applying a Knowledge Production Function (KPF) to examine how firm-level and regional-level factors affect the degree of novelty of innovation in Brazil, using PINTEC microdata. Results show that territorial factors play an important role on innovation, even in developing countries as Brazil, which innovations tend to be mostly new for the firm. This indicates that firms located in places with higher agglomeration of economic activities and higher concentration of human capital tend to introduce higher degree of novelty innovations, especially innovations as to the domestic market. That means that firms in economic clustered regions, and with higher share of qualified labor force are able to generate innovation with higher degree of novelty, as to the world. At the firm-level, R&D efforts, firms\' size and firms\' productivity are positively associated with the degree of novelty of innovations. In addition, firms that collaborate with partners or with foreign ownership tend to introduce innovation with higher degree of novelty. Finally, public finance for innovation is also a factor that stimulates firms to introduce innovations with higher degree of novelty, in comparison with no public finance.
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Ring, Emelie, and Agnes Källgren. "H:et som försvinner i Human Resources." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78881.
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Lumley, Emily K. "Development of a microfluidic device for the in situ production of singlet oxygen for chemical and biological applications." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16082.
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Cancer cells are derived from cells that are termed, and recognised as being 'self', meaning that the immune system does not target them. Many treatments target the tumour through its requirement for large quantities of nutrients. However, this causes healthy cells to be destroyed and unpleasant side effects for the patient. Recently research has found that cancer cells treated ex vivo with photodynamic therapy will initiate an immune response on reintroduction to the patient. Photodynamic therapy is the use of a photosensitiser drug, in the presence of oxygen, being irradiated with light and thus producing singlet oxygen which is toxic to cells in the region. The purpose of this work was to immobilise a photosensitiser to the glass channel walls of a microfluidic device which could be used to produce singlet oxygen in situ. This device could then be used for chemical applications, in photo-oxidation reactions, and for a specific biological application, the efficient production of a PDT-generated cancer vaccine. A method was developed to immobilise a porphyrin, bearing an isothiocyanate group on the inner glass channels of the fluidic device, pre-silanised to present amino groups. This method was optimised using rhodamine B isothiocyanate on glass beads and within the microfluidic device before the porphyrin was used in its place. To determine the success of this reaction the porphyrin-immobilised chips were used to oxidise cholesterol and compared to the same reaction with the porphyrin in solution, both on chip, and in batch conditions. Further photo-oxidation reactions were conducted with α-terpinene and citronellol and compared to the equivalent reaction in batch conditions. It was found that the on-chip reaction gave a lower yield, but was more efficient, at producing oxidation products. Finally the porphyrin-immobilised chip was used to determine the effect on cultured cancer cells pumped through in the presence of light. The cationic porphyrin used for the chemical applications was found to cause dark toxicity, and therefore a neutral hydrophilic porphyrin was used. This was found to give a difference between the cell death in the dark and in the light that was statistically significant. However, the expression of heat shock protein 70, a key marker for immunogenicity of cells, was not found. The microfluidic chip was successfully functionalised with porphyrin molecules, and was found to efficiently produce singlet oxygen for the purposes of chemical oxidation reactions. The chip was capable of causing cell death to cancer cells and proven to be due to the irradiation of the porphyrin, however, it was not discerned whether they would be capable of initiating an immune response.
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Stenberg, Johan. "Global production management in newspaper production and distribution : coordination of products, processes and resources." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Production Systems, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-2485.
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This thesis covers an introduction to the present conditions for newspaper publishing, definitions and analyses of the processes of newspaper production and distribution, expected future developments with respect to products and production processes, and finally, conclusions regarding the need for global coordination of products, production and distribution.
Primarily, the conditions in the Nordic countries have been analysed. Particular attention has been drawn to Swedish morning newspapers with a circulation exceeding about 50 000 copies per publishing day.
The study has been carried out mainly through literature research, through case studies using the SDA-method, and through acquisition and analyses of production data from the case studies. In addition, interviews and questionnaires have been used.
A modern newspaper printing plant requires heavy investments. The number of newspaper printing plants is decreasing, but he number of newspaper titles printed in each plant increases. The flexibility in and utilisation of the remaining plants increases as well as the complexity and variety of the products handled.
In all case studies of newspaper production, the companies use fixed production and distribution plans, following the same timetable from day to day. Delayed press starts, deviations from the calculated production speed, and interruptions during the production immediately cause disturbances in the distribution, delay costs, and goodwill losses.
The time needed to produce a fixed number of copies varies within a wide range. Days of more complex production in the production plants meet with problems more often. The average net production speed is progressively reduced at higher page counts. Inserting operations result in an accelerated reduction. The difference is mainly caused by product related differences in cruising speed and by the occurrence of unplanned stops. The coordination of products, production and distribution is essential already today, and will be even more important in the future.
More flexible production and distribution plans would imply controlled and predictable risks. In addition, it will render increased utilisation of the resources available. A product model can be used in order to identify an associated production process model as a set of separate activities. Detailed modelling of the different activities demands detailed tracking and systematic use of the production history. A detailed activity modelling will make it possible to predict the capability of a certain activity in terms of production speed and reliability. This will facilitate coordination on a global level.
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Tai, Chia-Hung C. "A stochastic project scheduling problem with resource constraints /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842569.
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Taaffe, Kevin Michael. "Models for optimal utilization of production resources under demand selection flexibility." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005703.
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Phonekhampheng, Oudom. "On-farm feed resources for catfish (Clarias gariepinus) production in Laos : evaluation of some local feed resources /." Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200889.pdf.
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Alzaydi, Zyad M. "The impact of quality control initiatives, customer integration and customer co-production on service quality performance : an empirical investigation." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16089.
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Delivering a high standard of services to customers is recognised as an important objective for any service provider. In order to achieve this goal employees are encouraged to go about their jobs in certain ways, comply with guidelines and in accordance with the strategy drawn by the organisation. Although service quality is difficult to define and measure, research has not stopped looking for processes, tools and business practices so as to improve service quality performance. Literature suggests both practical tools to achieve organisational goals with respect to service delivery and offers theoretical foundations to examine the interrelationships between variables that contribute to those organisational goals. Despite an emerging interest in customer integration and customer co-production in service provision in the Marketing literature, little attention has been paid to the investigation of relationships between customer integration, customer co-production and service quality performance. Based on the facilities-transformation-usage framework of service delivery and control theory, we develop a conceptual framework that examines the impact of combining quality control initiatives (QCIs) on service quality performance. We explicitly consider formal and informal control mechanisms as well as selected elements of the organisation internal environment as antecedents of QCIs. Customer co-production is proposed as a consequence of QCIs, and it is proposed that when customer integration is high the relationship between customer co-production and service quality performance will be strengthened. The conceptual framework is tested using data drawn from hotel managers and employees across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; a total of 398 usable questionnaires were analysed. The relationships between variables are tested by applying variance based structural equation modelling. Moderator effects were tested using residual centring. The findings of this study reveal unique results. Environment characteristics positively influence controls in shaping employees’ behaviour. However, contrary to expectations, environment characteristics, specifically, greater procedural knowledge, greater performance documentation and organisational commitment did not strengthen the relationship between customer co-production and service quality performance. Similarly, the notion that higher levels of customer integration enhance the relationship between customer co-production and service quality performance is not supported. Finally, when customer co-production, which takes place when the customer takes a part in the core service provided is high, an improvement in service quality can be observed. The results of this study would benefit service managers to gain a better understanding of how QCIs influence the relationship between customer integration and customer coproduction and service quality performance.
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Cai, Wenlong. "ZERO-ONE PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS OF MINE PRODUCTION SCHEDULING PROBLEMS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275401.
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Menich, Ronald Paul. "Resource allocation in parallel processing systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28049.
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Anríquez, Nilson Gustavo Adolfo. "Renewable resources as a factor of production in international trade." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3089.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Agricultural and Resource Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Olagunju, Emmanuel Gbenga. "Water resources development: opportunities for increased agricultural production in Nigeria." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-10031.
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Agriculture has been the backbone of the economy in Nigeria providing employment and source of livelihood for the increasing population and accounting for over half of the GDP of the Nigeria economy at independence in 1960. However, the role it plays in the regional and economic development of the country has diminished over the years due to the dominant role of the crude oil sector in the economy. With the increasing food demand in Nigeria, the country has available input natural resources and potential for increasing the volume of crop production towards meeting the food and nutritional requirement of the rapidly increasing population and guarantee food security in the country. The study was undertaken to analyse the effect of different factors and policies on the changes in trend of crop production and investigate the possible effect of water resources development on increased volume of agricultural crop production in Nigeria.
The study revealed that there are opportunities for water resources development in the country through irrigation to supplement the water requirements and needs of farmers for agricultural production activities in many areas in the semi-arid and arid regions. Available data shows that there are available land and water resources that could be developed to support the production of food and agricultural development with opportunity for increased productivity.
However, while the water resources are unevenly distributed in the country, there is need for the efficient use and management of the available water resources and increasing the productive use especially in the northern region of the country where there is increasing incidence of drought and competing need for water among the different sectors of the economy. The study also made possible recommendations for policy formulation to address the current problems facing the agricultural sector in conjunction with the requirement for the development of the water resources.
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Freitas, Samuel Venâncio de Sousa. "Production of biodiesel from the resources endogeneous of Timor Leste." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11681.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia QuímicaOs biocombustíveis têm estado na linha da frente das políticas energéticas mundiais visto que as suas vantagens conseguem colmatar as incertezas e resolver alguns dos problemas associados aos combustíveis fósseis. O biodiesel tem provado ser um combustível muito fiável, alternativo ao petrodiesel. É uma mistura de ésteres alquílicos produzidos a partir de óleos vegetais e gorduras animais através de uma reacção de transesterificação. Como combustível, o biodiesel é economicamente viável, socialmente responsável, tecnicamente compatível e ambientalmente amigável. O principal desafio associado ao seu desenvolvimento tem a ver com a escolha de matéria-prima para a sua produção. Nos países do terceiro mundo, óleos alimentares são mais importantes para alimentar pessoas do que fazer funcionar carros. Esta tese tem como objectivos produzir/processar biodiesel a partir de recursos endógenos de Timor-Leste e medir/prever as propriedades termodinâmicas do biodiesel, a partir das dos esteres alquílicos. A síntese do biodiesel a partir dos óleos de Aleurites moluccana, Jatropha curcas e borras de café foram aqui estudados. As propriedades termodinâmicas como densidade, viscosidade, tensão superficial, volatilidade e velocidade do som também foram medidas e estimadas usando modelos preditivos disponíveis na literatura, incluindo as equações de estado CPA e soft-SAFT. Timor-Leste é um país muito rico em recursos naturais, mas a maioria da população ainda vive na pobreza e na privação de acesso a serviços básicos e condições de vida decentes. A exploração de petróleo e gás no mar de Timor tem sido controlado pelo Fundo Petrolífero. O país ainda carece de electricidade e combustíveis que são cruciais para materializar as políticas de redução da pobreza. Como solução, o governo timorense criou recentemente o Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento a 20 anos cujas prioridades incluem trazer o desenvolvimento do petróleo do mar para a costa sul de Timor-Leste e desenvolver as energias renováveis. É neste último contexto que o biodiesel se insere. O seu desenvolvimento no país poderá ser uma solução para o fornecimento de electricidade, a criação de empregos e sobretudo o combate contra a pobreza e a privação. Para ser usado como combustível, no entanto, o biodiesel deve possuir propriedades termodinâmicas coerentes com as especificadas nas normas da ASTM D6751 (nos Estados Unidos) ou EN 14214 (na Europa) para garantir uma adequada ignição, atomização e combustão do biodiesel no motor.
The biofuels have been at the forefront of global energy policies as their advantages can overcome the uncertainties of fossil fuels. Biodiesel has proven to be a very reliable fuel alternative to petrodiesel. It is a mixture of fatty acid alkyl esters obtained by the transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fat. As fuel, biodiesel is economically viable, socially responsible, technically compatible and environmentally friendly. The main challenge associated to its development concerns the choice of raw materials for its production. In third world countries, edible oils are more important for feeding people than for running cars. This thesis aims to produce / process biodiesel from resources endogenous of Timor-Leste and to measure/predict the thermodynamic properties of biodiesel, from those of alkyl esters. The synthesis of biodiesel from oils of Aleurites moluccana, Jatropha curcas and coffee waste were here studied. The thermodynamic properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension, volatility and speed of sound were also measured and estimated using predictive models available in the literature including some equations of state like CPA and soft-SAFT. Timor Leste is a country rich in natural resources, but the majority of the population still lives in poverty and deprivation of access to basic services and decent living conditions. The exploitation of oil and gas in the Timor Sea has filled only the Oil Fund. The country still lacks electricity and fuels that are crucial to materialize policies for poverty reduction. As a solution, the Timorese government has recently established the Strategic Development Plan of 20 years whose priorities include bringing the development of oil from the sea to the south coast of Timor-Leste and developing renewable energy sources. It is in this latter context that biodiesel should be considered. Its development in the country will be contextually an appropriate solution for electricity supply, job creation and especially combat against poverty and deprivation. To be used as fuel, however, biodiesel must possess thermodynamic properties consistent with those specified in the standards of ASTM D6751 (in USA) or EN 14214 (in Europe) to ensure proper ignition, atomization and combustion in diesel engines.
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Hardin, Jill Renea. "Resource-constrained scheduling and production planning : linear programming-based studies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24857.
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Albers, Jason. "Bill of material testing for enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004albersj.pdf.
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Shkolnik, Jamie L. "School resource allocation and the production of education /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9804533.
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