Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Produits forestiers – Industrie – Productivité'
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Fitouhi, Mohamed Chahir. "Cycle time in the lumber industry supply chain : diagnostics and analysis." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24135/24135.pdf.
Full textSpence, Stephen. "Une étude du lien entre la productivité et la bienfaisance des entreprises : une présentation des données provenant d'une expérience sur terrain de l'industrie sylvicole en Colombie-Britannique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26592.
Full textRafiei, Rezvan. "Production planning mechanisms in demand-driven wood remanufacturing industry." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25316.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to investigate the production planning problem in the context of uncertain demand, variable service level, and uncontrollable supply in a wood remanufacturing mill. Production planning and control activities are complex and represent difficult tasks for wood remanufacturers. The complexity comes from inherent characteristics of the industry such as divergent co-production, alternative processes, make-to-order, short customer lead times, variable setup time, and uncontrollable supply. The first part of this thesis proposes an optimization/simulation platform to make decisions about the selection of a production planning policy to deal swiftly with uncertain demands, under the complex characteristics of the wood remanufacturing industry. For this purpose, a periodic re-planning strategy based on a rolling horizon was used and validated through a simulation model using real data from an industrial partner. The computational results highlighted the significance of using the re-planning model as a practical tool for production planning under unstable demands. In the second part, a dynamic safety stock method was proposed to better manage service level, which was threatened by issues related to limited production capacity and the complexity of setup time. We developed a two-phase periodic re-planning approach whereby idle capacities were allocated to produce more important products thus increasing the realization of safety stock level. Numerical results indicated that the solution of the two-phase method was superior to the initial method in terms of backorder level as well as inventory level. Finally, we studied the impact of uncontrollable supply on demand-driven wood remanufacturing production planning through an optimization and simulation framework. Different supply scenarios were used to identify the safety threshold of supply changes. The proposed framework provided managers with a novel advanced planning approach that allowed understanding the impact of supply policies to deal with uncertainties. In general, the wood products industry offers a rich environment for dealing with uncertainties for which the literature fails to provide efficient solutions. Regarding the results that were obtained through the case studies, we believe that approaches proposed in this thesis can be considered as novel and practical tools for wood remanufacturing production planning.
Thivierge-Robitaille, Etienne. "L'amélioration de la prévisibilité des approvisionnements forestiers." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34602.
Full textIn recent years, the lack of wood supply predictability has been identified as a factor hindering the competitiveness of the forest sector. While several entities believe that the change in Quebec's forest regime in 2013 is one of the factors that led to this, it seems that the growing presence of a supplier-client relationship in wood procurement is also partially responsible. The problem of the lack of predictability is composed of two elements. First, no recognized definition of wood supply predictability has been proposed by the scientific community. Second, in practice, stakeholders do not seem to share a common understanding of what is wood supply predictability. In the absence of knowledge of the real causes of lack of predictability, it is difficult to come up with recommendations. To date, no study have addressed the issue of the lack of predictability of forest supplies. This work aims to fill this gap. A series of 20 interviews involving stakeholders of the forest supply chain was conducted. In addition, a case study of a Quebec pulp and paper mill examined wood supply predictability as part of procurement practices at the operational level. An evaluation methodology based on the data collection process in place, the contract allocation policy and the buyer forecasting methods have been applied. Based on our results, we define wood supply predictability as the ability to anticipate wood supply over time, within a certain degree of precision. 37 causes and 17 sources of the lack of wood supply predictability were identified through the interviews and the case study. These elements have been grouped into five categories. Finally, five causes specific to the management of suppliers and the monitoring of contractual agreements form the basis of recommendations aimed at improving predictability in the context of wood procurement. Four of the proposed recommendations favor contract allocation based on past performance of suppliers. A recommendation regarding quality monitoring of forecasts is also proposed.
Delisle, Simon. "Conception d’un système d'aide à la décision facilitant la coordination interdépartementale pour l'allocation de la production et la planification du transport dans le secteur forestier." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70309.
Full textAbesque, Claude. "Système de gestion informatisé des processus manufacturiers." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23588/23588.pdf.
Full textKaruranga, Egide G. "Three essays on wood roof truss technology acceptance in China." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24875/24875.pdf.
Full text"Cette thèse a été rédigée par insertion de trois articles dont [Egide G. Karuranga] est le premier auteur"--P. ix. Bibliogr. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.
Lemieux, Sébastien. "Simulateur multiagent d'un réseau de création de valeur : application à l'industrie forestière." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21904.
Full textAuger, Maxime. "Bénéfices et exigences de l'optimisation mathématique pour la planification de l'allocation du bois aux usines de produits forestiers." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27865.
Full textSupply planning is a significant challenge for the forest industry, particularly in natural forests characterized by great heterogeneity. Such forests produce raw material suitable for different final products. Thus, developing plans to match supply with demand becomes a complex problem for forest planners. The automatization of the planning approach using an optimization tool allows many important factors to be taken into consideration during planning. In the literature, several theoretical models have been proposed, but it appears that very few of these are currently used by companies. It is assumed that the complexity of the problem, the ever changing nature of the planning environment, and the expertise required to use these models limit their application in industrial context. Nevertheless, the implementation of such tools could bring significant improvements in profits for the forest companies. The aims of the study are threefold : (i) to evaluate the potential for the implementation of mathematical optimization in companies, in particular by identifying the additional resources needed to adopt such an approach, (ii) to estimate the potential gains associated with utilization of optimization model in formulating wood procurement planning in an industrial case, and (iii) to analyze the effect of variation in the information used could have on the plans. An optimization software (LogiLab) developed by the FORAC research consortium was used. The tool allows to maximize the profit generated on the entire supply chain through optimal allocation of raw materials to mills in the network. The model simultaneously considers both harvesting and transportation cost, the heterogeneity of the forest and mill performances. The planning done now in companies visually focuses on lower transportation distance. We adapted LogiLab to a case study involving a Canadian forest products company, to analyze the generated profits, and assess its potential for implementation. To realize the second objective, we studied the planning method of our Partner Company and compared it to the optimization approach that we used for generating the optimal plan. Finally, we adjusted the baseline inventory data using actual data from the measurement to test the effect of the variability of the information used in developing the plans. A higher net profit was generated when using our planning approach in comparison to the plan prepared by the company. This difference is due, in part, to a more efficient allocation of raw materials to the mills. With regards to the second objective, we found several advantages such as a reduction in the time needed to produce a plan. Moreover, even if the cost of implementation is high they are recovered in less than two years by savings in planning time. The gains generated following the optimized plans exceed by several orders of magnitude the initial costs of the system to be set up.
Gharbi, Chourouk. "Étude du processus de planification des approvisionnements forestiers au Québec et mesure de sa performance." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25525.
Full textAlayet, Chaker. "Évaluation comparative d'approches de pilotage dans une chaîne logistique forestière." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27572.
Full textThe forest is a beneficial and renewable source of raw materials that ensures an economic dynamic. Thereby, the forest industry is characterized by a complex logistics network that is subject to a number of unique factors, such as: a growing need for customization of products, an unrecognized and uncertain demand for a few markets, and fierce global competition. This industry also encompasses a set of interconnected nodes for materials, information, and financial transactions. In this context, this thesis deals with the planning and control of the logistic activities of a forest value chain. It is a network that puts together the needful activities to move the raw materials and process them into finished products for customers. Our contribution through this project is to establish planning models that enable decision-makers to better coordinate their activities and improve their ways of exchanging information between each other in order to meet customer needs, build sustainable competitive advantage, and reduce costs In order to help the forest industry to achieve such objectives, we propose a methodology including three contributions. The first one suggests a centralized mathematical model then maximizes the total profit of a forest value chain by optimizing the quantities to be harvested and stored as well as the ones to be delivered. The second contribution is based on coordinated models that allow for more effective planning and control of forestry supply activities. The third contribution offers a conceptual implementation strategy and at the same time a technological platform which should be helpful to support the implementation of the coordination models developed.
Laurent, Achille Benjamin. "Développement d'un modèle d'aide à la décision basé sur l'optimisation multicritère, intégrant l'analyse de cycle de vie conséquentielle : application à une entreprise forestière." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27933.
Full textHow can forest harvesting entrepreneurs consider environmental impacts in their business decisions? What technologies can reduce environmental impacts while making the company more profitable? To answer these questions, we developed a strategic decision support tool which integrated the minimization of environmental impacts with economic objectives environmental based on multi-criteria optimization. The consideration of environmental and economic impacts on the entire logistics network requires a holistic vision. That why a life-cycle approach was adopted all long of this thesis. Thus, the multi-criteria model is powered by environmental Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life-Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA). The first contribution of this thesis is to present a LCA of the product portfolio of a forestry company. LCA is a standardized and recognized method for quantifying the environmental impacts of a product or service. This analysis was realized with the IMPACT 2002+ method, which quantify damages on human health, ecosystem quality, climate changes and resource consumption, which are the four environmental criteria in this entire research project. The second contribution is the realization of an Activity-Based Life-Cycle Costing (AB-LCC) covering all the harvesting and processing activities of the same forestry company. The cost structure of the company was analyzed for each product of the portfolio along with an analysis of the life-cycle of each Harvested Wood Product (HWP) in the North American market context. With a consequential LCA approach, it is possible to consider the consequences of a change by integrating the substitution effects. Substition of building materials, such as steel or concrete, and of fossil fuels by HWP has positive greenhouse gas emission impacts. The third contribution, presented in chapter 4, use results of the previous analyzes to incorporate them in a multi-criteria optimization model which considers both profitability and environmental impacts. The decision support model provides optimization from an environmental, economic and all compromises between these criteria, on material flux and new technology acquisition. A graphical representation of the proposed network accompanies the calculation of expected annual profits and net GHG emissions of solutions. The case study is based on primary and historical data of the company activities as well as set of new technologies considered, for both environmental and economic criteria. The mathematical model is linear integer programming that is resolved by the exact method and a posteriori approach, by varying weights between 0 and 1 for each criterion, to generate 150 solutions. Several prospective technologies are proposed in the model while respecting the constraints of supplies, recipes and specific capacity to the context of the studied forestry company. A final contribution of this thesis is about the HWP delivery system, presented in chapter 5. The routing of prefabricated building systems directly on construction sites has several advantages, but it is a source of GHG emissions. CarbonRoadMap is a multicriteria and multimodal model supporting decisions about alternatives to truck only transport. The forestry company can suggest different routes based on the priorities of its customers, who may be the time, cost or carbon emissions. This whole thesis demonstrates that the integration of environmental criteria in the decision support tools allows a wider vision. In the applications, specific to forestry business, the solutions with an environmental impacts reduction are mostly a source of additional profit simultaneity.
Moussiliou, Coles Moudjib. "Collaboration et partage de coûts dans un réseau d'entreprises." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25903/25903.pdf.
Full textJerbi, Wassim. "Intégration de l'optimisation et de la simulation pour l'élaboration et l'évaluation de politiques de production et de transport d'une chaîne logistique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25204.
Full textGautam, Shuva Hari. "Exploring wood procurement system agility to improve the forest products industry’s competitiveness." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26319.
Full textThe significant downfall experienced by the Canadian forest products industry in the past decade has catalyzed the industry into a process of transformation. A concerted effort to maximize economic value from forest resources through innovation in both products and processes is currently underway. This thesis focuses on process innovation of wood procurement systems (WPS). WPS includes upstream processes and actors in the forest products supply chain, responsible for procuring and delivering raw materials from forests to manufacturing mills. The competitiveness of the industry depends on the agility of WPS to deliver the right product to the right customer at the right time. The specific aims of the thesis are to identify opportunities to improve wood procurement system agility, quantify the potential improvement in performance and propose a mechanism to anticipate its long-term impact. Agility is the ability to respond promptly and effectively to unexpected short-term fluctuation in demand. We first identify the capabilities a WPS needs to possess in order to enable agility; we then review the literature in the WPS domain to search for evidence of these capabilities. An opportunity to improve agility of WPS was then identified. It entailed providing managers with flexibility in the choice of silvicultural treatments at the operational level to permit better alignment of supply with the prevailing demand. An experiment was conducted using industry data to quantify the potential benefits associated with the approach. In scenarios where flexibility was permitted, significantly higher profits and demand fulfillment rates were observed. Next, a simulation-optimization system for hierarchical forest management planning was developed to examine the influence of operational level silvicultural flexibility on long-term wood supply. The system was implemented to a forest management unit in Québec in a rolling planning horizon basis for a 100 year horizon. The system demonstrated a capability to measure short and long-term impacts of supply decisions. It will prove to be a useful tool to better integrate forest management practices and supply chain needs.
Feng, Yan. "Evaluation of sales and operations planning in a process industry." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27515/27515.pdf.
Full textCoudé, Véronique. "Amélioration de la planification opérationnelle par une connaissance plus précise des stocks forestiers (produits spécifiques) et de leur localisation en forêt." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27208/27208.pdf.
Full textPresently forest products transformation centers must be able to quickly adapt their resource supply in order to satisfy market needs. In order to react quickly to mill demands, forest harvesting activities must be deployed directly in forest stands that contain standing timber with the characteristics necessary to meet processing requirements. An inability to do this engenders involves additional costs related to the installation of corrective measures. Such measures usually result in an increase in forest stocks cut and/or in additional displacements of forest harvesting equipment. A shortage of supply -- i.e. a lack of raw material at the processing plant -- or difficulty in satisfying market needs are other possible effects. An adequate knowledge of standing tree distributions by species and diameter classes for the principal forest strata being harvested thus seems to be a useful way of ensuring adequate product-specific supply. Such knowledge indeed would seem to be required to improve forest management across the entire supply chain, and would also provide for better environmental protection. However, because forests are intrinsically highly variable, it is difficult to predict in a precise manner species and diameter distributions for specific stands in a given forest. This inherent forest variability generates uncertainty when these distributions are estimated or predicted. This project evaluates the developmental feasibility of a spatial system that can enable an immediate response in harvesting operations to a request for a specific species and size of tree by a processing facility that is motivated by clients’ needs. To accomplish this, species-specific graphic functions of volumes based on tree diameter distributions for each forest stratum were developed and compiled. Regression equations based on tree diameter were applied to these functions in order to validate those that were significant. Subsequently a link was established between the diameter distribution functions and a map of forest strata in a GIS software tool to obtain the probability of finding a sufficient volume of the desired tree type. The functionality discussed has been successfully implemented in this project in order to create a tool for forest planners that takes into account the variability of timber stocks in forests. This project has demonstrated that it is possible to use existing forest inventory information to develop relations between the forest data and the error it generates. Moreover, it was possible to integrate this information to create a functional GIS-based tool that indicates the likelihood of finding a desired quantity of a specific product in the forest.
Benoit, Scott. "Évaluation de l'éco-efficacité des procédés de transformation des produits laitiers : développement d'un outil de simulation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31384.
Full textEco-efficiency is a concept specifically designed for the business world and which links theenvironmental and economic performances of a product or service. Since 2012, eco-efficiency is subject to a standardised assessment (ISO 14045) which imposes life cycle analysis to conduct the assessment of the potential environmental impacts. Eco-efficiency assessment thus offers the business world the opportunity to make decisions not only based on economical criteria but also factoring in the potential environmental impacts. Among the countless industrial activities likely to benefit from the eco-efficiency concept is dairy processing. Indeed, this sector of the agri-food industry surely enables valorisation of dairy raw material but it concomitantly exploits a significant part of the natural resources. The first objective of this thesis was to conduct a state of play on the development and implementation of the ecoefficiency concept in the dairy processing field. A first study enabled to look at the dairy processing activity from a life-cycle perspective, and to investigate the successive developments of the eco-efficiency concept in this field. In particular, the study showed that process simulation presented a sound interest in overcoming the difficulties associated with eco-efficiency assessment according to the ISO 14045 standard: the need for a complete inventory of material and energy flows, and for a certain expertise in life cycle analysis. Therefore, the second objective of this thesis was to develop a process simulation tool enabling the ecoefficiency assessment of the dairy processes. A second study thus led to the development of a software prototype allowing for eco-efficiency assessment of dairy products. This prototype relies on a process simulator specifically designed for dairy processes and which includes datasets of potential environmental impacts. These features allow for both the generation of detailed inventories of material and energy flows and potential environmental impact assessments, thereby overcoming the challenges identified in the first study. The developed prototype not only allows for eco-efficiency assessments of the modelled processes but also enables identification of the improvement opportunities, comparison of multiple scenarios of raw milk valuation, and assessment of the economic viability of the modelled scenarios. This tool was used in a third and last study in order to assess the contribution of pressure driven filtration operations to the overall eco-efficiency of dairy processes. These operations are omnipresent in the dairy processing activity and hold a potential for eco-efficiency improvement which has not been yet demonstrated. Three scenarios of Cheddar cheese production were compared in this study: two integrating pressure driven filtration processes at the cheese milk standardisation stage, and one that did not include such operations. Results revealed that although introducing pressure driven filtration processes at the cheese milk standardisation stage can significantly improve the cheese yields, it does not allow for an improvement of the eco-efficiency of the cheese production process. Analysis of the results showed that t he potentials for eco-efficiency improvements in dairy processing through the introduction of pressure driven filtration operations could probably be achieved by incorporating them in the by-product valuation processes. The research work conducted within the framework of this thesis fulfilled all the different objectives set and therefore should help make eco-efficiency assessment more accessible to all the decision-makers related in one way or another to the dairy processing industry.
Arabi, Mohsen. "An optimization and simulation framework for integrated tactical planning of wood harvesting operations and lumber production." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30029/30029.pdf.
Full textForest and sawmills tactical planning is based on three main elements: wood harvesting, wood transportation and wood transformation. Planning the whole supply chain, is quite complex. Tools have been built to help manager in his decision process, for example FPInterface and Optitek, which were developed by FPInnovations. The aim of this thesis is to develop an optimization module, LogiOpt, which will be integrated to simulation tools. LogiOpt is made of a mathematical model. The developed model aims at optimizing the supply chain between the forest and the mills. Using simulation software solutions and our mathematical model, we combine at the same time in our framework harvesting, transportation, wood allocation and production operations. To test our mathematical model, we used data obtained from one business year of a Quebec based wood manufacturer. We compared our results with a manual simulated tactical plan. In this regard, we observed that LogiOpt performs better in wood allocation between sawmills, harvesting in less harvesting while using wood with better output. We then end up producing more finished products at sawmills using the same wood quantity as a traditional tactical plan.
Foeh, John E. H. J. "L' Asie du Sud-Est dans les échanges internationaux de bois tropicaux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL025N.
Full textZiedi, Raja. "Stratégies d'approvisionnement dans un contexte d'enchères de bois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26819.
Full textSavard, Mylène. "Planification stratégique d'un réseau logistique : Cas d'une entreprise forestière au Québec et de ses activités d'approvisionnement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28440/28440.pdf.
Full textBeaudoin, Daniel. "Distributed wood procurement planning within a multi-firm environment." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25120/25120.pdf.
Full textForget, Pascal. "Collaborative and Adaptive Supply Chain Planning." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26311/26311.pdf.
Full textAbasian, Foroogh. "Integrated network design for forest bioenergy value chain - decisions support system for the transformation of the Canadian forest industry." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29904.
Full textBioenergy plants are expected to play an important role in green energy production from forestry biomass. To incorporate bioenergy plant in the forest supply chain, the industry requires new investments as well as new value chain design and management. On the other side, the uncertainties associated with demand and price of new products in the market may add risks to such large investment in current forest supply chain. Hence, the main objective of this thesis is to analyze and to propose new design of the forest bioenergy network in both a deterministic and a stochastic context. The first part of the thesis has proposed four optimization models for strategic, tactical and operational planning levels of the supply chain. The models have included several collaborative actions between all involved stakeholders of the supply chain. They have been integrated in a new educational tool called hierarchical transportation game. In the second part of the thesis, we have integrated the developed optimization models to propose an integrated value chain design and value chain management optimization model. This model has been used to analyze a forest bioenergy network in Newfoundland. Newfoundland forest supply chain comprising four major stakeholders was considered as our case study. The profitability of adding a new bioenergy plant as well as new terminals in several potential locations have been evaluated. Finally, in a third part of the thesis we have proposed the bioenergy network taking into account uncertainty on demand and price of all final products of a new value chain. Several potential bioprocesses with different technologies have been evaluated for our case study. To provide a risk-averse solution, we have proposed two risk management models. The results from the three parts of the thesis have demonstrated the impact of integrated planning, bioenergy plants and collaboration on improvement of forest value chain. In general, the work in this thesis can support an efficient transformation of the forest supply chain considering investment risks. The optimization models and approaches proposed in this thesis are novel and practical for the forest bioenergy network design problem.
Jacques, Jovani. "Modélisation des capacités de transformation et des marchés : support à la planification stratégique dans l'industrie forestière." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27161/27161.pdf.
Full textAudy, Jean-François. "Inter-firm collaboration in transportation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29638/29638.pdf.
Full textIn the academic and professional literature on freight transportation, computer-based planning methods have a long time ago been identified as a means to achieve cost reduction through enhanced transportation operations efficiency. More recently, inter-firm collaboration in transportation planning has been investigated as a means to provide further gains in efficiency and, in turn, to achieve additional cost reduction for the collaborators. However, implementation of inter-firm collaboration in transportation raises a number of issues. This thesis addresses three central themes in inter-firm collaboration and exemplifies the contributions in case studies involving collaboration in furniture and forest transportation. First, technological means to enable collaboration in transportation planning are studied. Embedding a computer-based planning method for truck routing, a decision support system enabling collaborative transportation is presented. Second, sharing the common transportation cost among collaborators is studied. A cost allocation method taking into account the impact – an increase of the transportation cost – of uneven requirements among collaborators is proposed. Third, building collaborating groups (i.e. coalitions) among a set of potential collaborators is studied. A network model for coalition formation by a subset of self-interested collaborators adopting or not an opportunistic behaviour is detailed. Moreover, to support the study of the aforementioned themes, the thesis includes two literature reviews. First, a survey on planning methods and decision support systems for vehicle routing problem in forest transportation is presented. Second, through the proposition of a framework for building and managing collaboration in transportation and, more generally in logistics, a survey of works on collaborative transportation and logistics is given.
Jabeur, Fathen. "L'évolution du niveau d'adoption des affaires électroniques par le secteur forestier du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25345/25345.pdf.
Full textMoad, Kamel. "Contribution à la planification tactique et opérationnelle du transport forestier." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27035.
Full textCette thèse est une contribution à la modélisation, la planification et l’optimisation du transport pour l’approvisionnement en bois de forêt des industries de première transformation. Dans ce domaine, les aléas climatiques (mise au sol des bois par les tempêtes), sanitaires (attaques bactériologiques et fongiques des bois) et commerciaux (variabilité et exigence croissante des marchés) poussent les divers acteurs du secteur (entrepreneurs et exploitants forestiers, transporteurs) à revoir l’organisation de la filière logistique d’approvisionnement, afin d’améliorer la qualité de service (adéquation offre-demande) et de diminuer les coûts. L’objectif principal de cette thèse était de proposer un modèle de pilotage améliorant la performance du transport forestier, en respectant les contraintes et les pratiques du secteur. Les résultats établissent une démarche de planification hiérarchique des activités de transport à deux niveaux de décision, tactique et opérationnel. Au niveau tactique, une optimisation multi-périodes permet de répondre aux commandes en minimisant l’activité globale de transport, sous contrainte de capacité agrégée des moyens de transport accessibles. Ce niveau permet de mettre en œuvre des politiques de lissage de charge et d’organisation de sous-traitance ou de partenariats entre acteurs de transport. Au niveau opérationnel, les plans tactiques alloués à chaque transporteur sont désagrégés, pour permettre une optimisation des tournées des flottes, sous contrainte des capacités physiques de ces flottes. Les modèles d’optimisation de chaque niveau sont formalisés en programmation linéaire mixte avec variables binaires. L’applicabilité des modèles a été testée en utilisant un jeu de données industrielles en région Aquitaine et a montré des améliorations significatives d’exploitation des capacités de transport par rapport aux pratiques actuelles. Les modèles de décision ont été conçus pour s’adapter à tout contexte organisationnel, partenarial ou non : la production du plan tactique possède un caractère générique sans présomption de l’organisation, celle-ci étant prise en compte, dans un deuxième temps, au niveau de l’optimisation opérationnelle du plan de transport de chaque acteur.
The present manuscript tackles the supply chain forest transportation problem in the context of forestry primary industry. In this context, several risks may affect the forest supply chain: the unpredictable weather conditions (tree falling provoked by major storms); sanitary emergencies (tree pest and diseases); and, diverse commercial circumstances (the variability of market demands). The aforementioned issues motivate the diverse forest sector protagonists (entrepreneurs, forest operators and drivers) to seek support for improving their logistic operations. The aim of this effort is to improve the service quality (offer-demand agreement) diminishing in this way the total costs. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is the proposal of a novel management model which improves forest-to-mill transport performance. At the same time, the proposed model accounts for the forest sector manners and constraints. The contribution of this thesis is threefold: first a transportation model is developed, later on the transport planning is managed, and finally an optimization procedure is proposed. The thesis results propose a hierarchical planning for the forestry transportation. Two decision levels are suggested: tactic and operational. At a tactic level, a multi-period optimization is considered. The multi-period optimization strategy meets the customer supply demands while minimizes the global transportation activity. Such strategy takes into account the restrictions of the total available transportation means. Moreover, at this level the activity balancing politics may be developed, as well as subcontractors coordination between transport companies. On the other hand, at the operational level, the tactic planning assigned for each transporter is divided so an optimization of the fleet’s transport assignation is done considering the vehicles constraints. The decision process is modelled as a Mixed Linear Programming formulation. The application considers a data set coming from the industry settled at the Aquitaine region in France. The results have shown a significant improvement on the transport capabilities with respect to the conventional transport practices. It is worth to mention that the decision models were designed such that they may be adapted to different context either collaborative or not. In both cases, the tactic planning has a generic purpose, in other words, it is independent of the kind of organization involved, whereas specific organizations are taken into account when planning actors’ activities at the operational level.
Le, Lan Maryse, and Lan Maryse Le. "Mutualisation des capacités de production entre entreprises forestières : cas d'études des coopératives forestières du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37054.
Full textTableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
De nouvelles formes de compétition jusqu’ici inconnues des entreprises du secteur forestier ont fait leur apparition dans la dernière décennie. Pour performer, les entreprises forestières doivent désormais opter pour de nouvelles stratégies organisationnelles qui leur permettront d’accroître leur compétitivité et leur agilité. Le défi réside dans l’équilibre de leur capacité de production qui doit être suffisante pour répondre à la variation de la demande sans qu’elle ne devienne excédentaire et ou sous-utilisée. La stratégie étudiée dans le cadre de cette étude est celle de la collaboration interentreprises, plus précisément celle du partage de ressources (expertise, matériel, monétaire) entre des entreprises forestières de tous les secteurs d’activités. L’objectif principal de l’étude est de développer un cadre de référence pour guider les entreprises forestières à saisir davantage les opportunités de collaboration. Dans un premier temps, des entrevues individuelles ont été menées avec huit entreprises forestières afin de connaître leur compréhension et leur volonté de collaborer. Dans un deuxième temps, les dimensions conceptuelles qui forment la structure de la collaboration interentreprises ont fait l’objet d’un groupe focus de discussion entre 14 dirigeants d’entreprises forestières. Finalement, quatre situations réelles de collaboration interentreprises ont été étudiées pour déterminer les conditions requises à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Les résultats démontrent que le succès de la collaboration est initialement une question de volonté, mais aussi de contexte favorable. Ce succès peut toutefois être compromis par plusieurs facteurs dont le manque de confiance. Le cadre de référence permet d’outrepasser les différences individuelles des entreprises pour qu’elles puissent saisir les opportunités de collaboration. L’identification des besoins de l’entreprise et de son potentiel de collaboration est une prémisse essentielle à l’instauration des ententes de collaboration. Le cadre de référence des relations de collaboration illustre ainsi la progression entre différents niveaux de collaboration structurés en huit dimensions. Une application du cadre de référence à une situation fictive de collaboration a finalement permis de démontrer son adaptabilité au contexte forestier québécois. La collaboration, principalement la mutualisation des ressources, permet aux entreprises forestières de mieux utiliser les capacités de production existantes.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
New forms of unknown competition between forestry companies have emerged in the last decade. To perform, forest companies need to find new organizational strategies to increase their competitiveness and agility. The challenge is to balance their production capacity so it can be enough to meet variation in the demand without becoming in excess and unutilized. This study focusses on the strategy of inter-firm collaboration, more specifically resource sharing (expertise, equipment, financial) between competing forest companies. The main objective is to develop a framework to help forest companies grasping more collaboration opportunities. As a first step, one-on-one interviews were done with eight forest companies to assess comprehension and willingness about collaboration. In a second step, the conceptual dimensions of business collaboration were discussed in a focus group with 14 forest companies. Finally, four business collaboration cases were explored to determine the required conditions for collaborative agreements. Results show that the success of the collaboration is mostly a matter of willingness but also favorable context. This success, however, can be compromised by several factors including lack of trust. The proposed framework enables to go beyond companies’ individual differences to seize collaboration opportunities. Identifying business needs and its collaboration potential is therefore an essential premise for developing collaboration agreements. The framework for collaborative relationships illustrates the progression between different levels of structured collaboration in eight dimensions. The application of the reference framework to a fictitious situation of collaboration has finally demonstrated its adaptability to the Quebec forestry context. Collaboration, mainly the pooling of resources, allows forest companies to make better use of existing production capacities.
Machani, Mahdi. "Approches d'aide à la décision pour une transformation efficace de l'industrie forestière au Canada : cas des compagnies de pâtes et papiers." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25420.
Full textTrudelle, Mathieu. "Retombées économiques de la filière feuillus durs au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27268/27268.pdf.
Full textBarrane, Fatima-Zahra. "Promouvoir les stratégies de collaboration et de diversification pour relever le défi du changement : cas de l'industrie de transformation du bois au Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24807.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the wood processing industry in Quebec. Since several years, the sector faces many problems that hinder its competitiveness. The main research question is: Does the introduction of products of secondary and tertiary processing, as well as the diversification of markets including uncovered domestic segments as non-residential construction, could provide solutions to get industry's current crisis? Indeed, for several decades, firms in this sector export basic wood products and depend heavily on the single market of the United States. Today, stakeholders are increasingly convinced that this crisis is basically due to low investment in the modernization of the industry and the high dependence on one market. This challenges them to join their efforts to revitalize the industry by promoting the development of new products. This could open new external and internal markets. Since collaboration is a key success factor in the development of products; the first sub-question is to identify what are the key strategies for effective collaboration management with all stakeholders to design new value added products. Based on the results of interviews with business leaders in the industry of the second and third wood processing, a model incorporating eleven key strategies for effective collaboration management is proposed. The second sub-question concerns the impact of the organization’s specific characteristics in choosing the destination market. Based on a sample of 1,022 manufacturing firms in the province of Quebec, the analysis by the binary logistic regression’s method demonstrates that the industry, the total sales and the presence or absence of a website have an impact on the diversification of export markets. While the firm age, the firm location and the presence of an export manager are not significant. Finally, the third sub-question concerns the determinants of the acceptance and use of wood technology as a new practice in non-residential construction industry in Quebec. To answer this question, a web survey was addressed to twenty eight engineers on construction. Results reveal some constraints on the use of wood in non-residential construction industry in Quebec. Keywords: collaboration management, export diversification, acceptance and use of new technology.
Van, Horne Constance. "Innovation and Value: Knowledge and Technology Transfer from University-Industry Research Centres to the Forest Products Industry." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26328/26328.pdf.
Full textFrayssinhes, Rémy. "Optimisation des paramètres de déroulage du douglas et modélisation des propriétés mécaniques de panneaux de LVL intégrant les données sylvicoles." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE056.
Full textDouglas fir was established massively in France around 50 years ago. The proportion of large tree, due to aging of the stands, will increase in the years to come. Part of this resource will not correspond to the supplies sought by the largest sawmills and will depreciate. Peeling process is well suited for the enhancement of this resource. In France, Douglas fir is not a peeled species due to its recent maturity. Veneers can be used to make plywood panels, but also LVL. A study of the optimal peeling parameters was necessary in order to obtain quality veneers. Then, a model taking into account the silvicultural data of a stand was developed in order to estimate the mechanical properties of LVL beams. It was used to predict the mechanical properties of beams made with trees from three plots of "contrasting" silvicultural routes. A simulation of a 20-year pruning on these trees shows the value of using this decision-support tool for managing forest stands
Bilodeau, Pier-Luc. "Le pouvoir en négociation collective dans la secteur privé : analyse d'un cas du secteur manufacturier du bois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25497/25497.pdf.
Full textBinti, Zakaria Noor Aini. "Trade Barriers in Forest Industry between Malaysia and Europe." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00750922.
Full textRougieux, Paul. "Modelling European Forest Products Consumption and Trade in a Context of Structural Change." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0004/document.
Full textForests in the European Union grow by 1.2 billion m³ per year. Half of this volume stays in the forest, in particular for sustainable forest management purposes. The other half flows into three industrial sectors: wooden material, paper products and wood energy. These industrial product flows are set into motion and paid for by diverse final consumers. Since 2000, consumption is undergoing important structural changes which cause large disturbances in material, paper and fuel flows. To predict the impact of these changes, economists model relationships between raw material supply, final products demand, prices, production and international trade. This thesis uses panel data econometrics to estimate parameters of empirical models. An introductory chapter sets the policy context of forest resources and forest products of interest at a macroeconomic level. Then I review major forest sector models and I focus on issues encountered while estimating parameters of demand models. A second chapter investigates the potential impact of a trade agreement between the EU and the US on the forest sector. We found that total welfare would increase in the region of the agreement, in addition the agreement benefits more to consumers than to producers. Results show that third party countries are impacted by the agreement too, which highlights the importance of using a global trade model in analysing the impacts of the agreement. In a third chapter I estimate revenue and price elasticities of demand for forest products on a panel of European countries. I deal with non stationarity issues and estimate demand elasticities within cointegrated panels. I demonstrate that revenue elasticities of demand are lower than previous estimates from the literature. Simulations using these robust elasticities in a forest sector model, show a lower demand over a 20 years time horizon. In a fourth chapter, I analyse structural changes in paper products consumption. For this purpose, I use a panel threshold model to estimate the relationship between information technology use and paper products consumption: newsprint, printing and writing paper. I show how paper demand elasticities depend on internet penetration in the population. Thresholds occur once a majority of the population has access to the internet. After the threshold, coefficients between paper consumption and its explanatory variables revenue and price become smaller in absolute terms or even change sign. Based on projections of the number of internet users per country, paper consumption projections could be updated with this type of thresholds models. From a policy perspective, lower demand for graphics paper would free resources and make them available for innovative forest products and services