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1
Yessenbekova, U. M. "Professional and cognitive level of the journalist in science propaganda." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Journalism Series 134, no. 1 (2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7174-2021-134-1-91-96.
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Journalism branches arise in accordance with development of society and its needs. Society, people, and professions are undergoing systematic transformation. Scientific journalism performs with its distinctive characteristics. First, it changes and organized by the achievements of science and education. Second, the success factors of science journalism have a normative, legal, and practical basis. Third, scientific journalism has a combined function of connecting the scientific community and public. The promotion of scientific achievements is jointly carried out by professional journalists and the scientific community. Therefore, the elaboration of scientific information is important for a good perception of the content by a wide audience. The cognitive level of the scientific journalist helps him to freely use scientific theories along with other sources. The author considers that such activities should not end with the publication of scientific results by a journalist. For a journalist, high-quality publication of research results is an integral part of the success of scientific communication. The study concludes that the degree of success in scientific communication depends on several factors, including the cognitive and professional level of a journalist.
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Craft, Stephanie. "Distinguishing Features: Reconsidering the Link Between Journalism’s Professional Status and Ethics." Journalism & Communication Monographs 19, no. 4 (2017): 260–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1522637917734213.
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This monograph begins a rethinking of the idea of professional journalism ethics and examines how ethics is being employed as a key differentiator between amateurs (audience members, citizen journalists, and the like) and professionals, while other once-distinguishing features of journalism have become more widely dispersed and available to the public. How do the ethics of nonprofessionals practicing journalism differ, if at all, from everyday morality? Is journalism ethics—should journalism ethics be—the exclusive domain of professionals? This monograph considers the role of ethics in defining what it means to be a professional journalist; challenges to professional journalism’s autonomy from “amateurs” and how ethics is used to maintain boundaries between them; and objectivity as a tenet of professional journalism ethics. An analysis of 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign coverage is used to explore how and why a professional journalism centered on an ethic of objectivity can fail to perform ethically.
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Lin, Fen. "A Survey Report on Chinese Journalists in China." China Quarterly 202 (June 2010): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741010000317.
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AbstractThis report presents a portrait of contemporary liberal Chinese journalists. Compared with the national average ten years ago, a typical journalist in Guangzhou is younger, better-educated and more likely to be female, and less likely to be a Communist Party member. The survey shows that the literati value coexists with both the modern professional and Party journalism value during the current journalistic professionalization. Such coexistence results in a complexity in journalists' attitude and behaviour. Journalists tend to be inactively liberal: possessing liberal attitudes but not engaging themselves in action. The survey also reports evidence on the contingency of journalistic behaviour logic. Professional logic shows its popularity when journalists encounter conflicts involving legal, economic and political concerns, but not in cases involving moral or cultural conflicts. Neither professional nor commercial logic is strong enough to oppose political logic when journalists are handling severe political issues.
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Kolianov, A. Yu. "Professional Identity of Journalist in Hybrid Media System." Discourse 6, no. 4 (2020): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-4-62-72.
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Introduction. This paper analyzes how the journalists’ professional identity is changing in the reality of hybrid media system. Understanding of journalists’ professional identity is based upon the conclusion that information environment is building the journalists’ characters today. The mixing of media and digital technologies leads to the hybridization of media in its basis. Journalist’s activities within the present media system lead to contradictory and sometimes odd effects.Methodology and sources. The comparison and generalization of expert interviews, public opinion polls and official documents and media texts were applied. Content analyses of journalist’s papers and discourse analysis of theoretical studies were also used to study the professional identity of journalists.Results and discussion. In this paper we try to answer how does the global digital environment affect the conditions, goals and effects of journalist’s professional activities? How the journalist’s professional activity changes? What characteristics of journalist should be included in the professional identity that appears in the hybrid media system? We consider such factors affecting political journalists’ self-identification as recruiting organization and its founders’ proximity to the power structures, pool of experts, party allegiance and journalist’s skills including the level of technological equipment and understanding the modern network principles of the life of information.Conclusion. Due to the increasing amount of information social uncertainty is rising and it is becoming harder and harder to forecast media impact on the public consciousness. Studies among journalists in Russia, Europe and USA show that professional selfidentification is blurred within personal, professional and virtual roles and results in hybrid identity that sometimes consists of mutually exclusive values. It is possible to suggest that structure changes in professional identity structure will affect the components of professionalism in the future.
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Badji, Yakoub, and Yahya Takieddine. "Violations in Professional Journalism Practice in Algeria. Opportunities and Obstacles." Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, no. 1 (76) (2020): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2020.76.14.
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There are regulations and guidelines for every practice in the world. The absence will lead to anarchy and violations of law in any society. Journalism without professional standards cannot be realised. The art of gathering and dissemination of news can be done by anybody but the key role of the professional can be fulfilled only by people with particular training, skills, and judgment. This paper intends to look at the practice of professional journalism from the Algerian perspective, highlighting the ethical elements and standards that make journalists professional. By exposing the unprofessional behaviors and violations in media sphere, the extent of compliance with the ethics in Algeria was reflected. The results of the study prove that the journalists do not reach the professional level as a result of the violations of journalistic standards in Algerian media. The survey showed that the media sphere suffers from a low level of academic standards for journalist practitioners and the lack of training courses. Some articles in media Codes, established by the Algerian political system, are ineffective.
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Chu, Donna. "Interpreting news values in j-blogs: Case studies of journalist bloggers in post-1997 Hong Kong." Journalism 13, no. 3 (2011): 371–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884911421576.
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This study aims to arrive at a contextualized understanding of the perspectives of a small group of Hong Kong journalist bloggers regarding a wide range of media issues. In addition to analyzing how they interpret news values in post-1997 Hong Kong, it also discusses how j-blogs can facilitate a new form of ‘interpretive community’. Together with in-depth interviews with eight journalist bloggers, this study analyzes 1044 blog posts written by them over a period of two years. Findings show how journalist bloggers narrated their personal and work lives, and identified recurring themes from these j-blogs. It argues that journalist bloggers have used blogs to make sense of their journalistic lives and professional ideology. Despite a lack of active interactions, j-blogs have cultivated a space for journalists to share narratives that are deemed to be important to their personal and professional lives. In this regard, journalist blogs are facilitating a new form of interpretive community. Within this community, journalists are able to deliberate core news values in the Hong Kong context.
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Murphy, Colm. "Changing by the Click: The Professional Development of UK Journalists." Education Sciences 9, no. 4 (2019): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9040249.
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Changes in technology, audience engagement, the business model and ethical requirements have greatly expanded the skills required to be a professional journalist in the UK. At the same time, the esteem in which the profession is held by the public has diminished. This research used the UK journalism profession as a case study of change in a profession. It asked what were the changes in the profession since 2012. The research method includes an in-depth survey of 885 UK journalists, two previous similar surveys, interviews with stakeholders, national data and documentation. The study finds that UK journalist numbers, their educational attainment and workload has increased significantly in the period. The majority have become multiplatform journalists—working across at least two mediums like print and online. There has been a significant shift of job roles from traditional newsroom to a wide range of other organizations and some 36% of journalists are now self-employed. Diversity continues to be an issue with the profession having a white middle-class bias. The implications of these changes for future professional UK journalism education were then analyzed. They include the need to develop a national continuous professional development framework, better cooperation amongst competing accrediting bodies to enhance the public trust in journalists and greater flexibility on the professional pathways to senior qualifications.
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Dadakhonov, Azamjon. "INNOVATIONS IN JOURNALISTIC ACTIVITY AND EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MEDIA CONVERGENCE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORD ART 1, no. 3 (2020): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9297-2020-1-10.
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This article is devoted to the study of the process of media convergence, its characteristics, its impact on journalism and education in the field. In this study, the author examines various scientific literature and sources, updates in journalistic practice, reveals that the convergence process changesthe structure of media editorials and the daily routine of journalists, analyzes the phenomenon of "universal journalist" and gives examples of national and foreign media practice.The concept of "convergent editorial" refers to the new technological and creative professional skills required of journalists. It is noted that the latest innovations in the field also place new demands on the organization of the educational process of journalism, the necessary conclusions are drawn on the subject.
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Ostrohliad, Oleksandr. "Criminal law regulation in the professional activity of a journalist." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 11(23) (June 11, 2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2021.11.23.171-180.
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Purpose. The purpose of the work is to determine certain aspects of criminal law regulation of a journalist's professional activity. Indicate the elements of such regulation. Draw a distinction between the protection of the professional activity of a journalist and his personality, as a representative of society, performing a special role. Analyze certain features of the protection of the professional activity of a journalist in countries that have a part of a common history with Ukraine. The methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of appropriate conclusions and recommendations. In the course of the research, the following methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative, comparative-legal. Results in the course of the conducted research it was determined that the professional activity of a journalist has sufficient protection by criminal legislation. As for the protection of the journalist himself, it can be considered excessive, which is also indicated by a superficial analysis of the criminal legislation of certain foreign countries. On the basis of a comparative study, it was determined that the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine eliminates certain problems of excessive criminal legal protection of the journalist’s personality. Scientific novelty. In the course of the research, it was established that the elements of protection of the professional activity of a journalist and his personality can be divided into three conditional groups: 1) protection of professional activity, 2) protection of the personality of a journalist and his rights, 3) some immunities of professional activity, that is, non-recognition of certain actions as a criminal offense journalist. As for the criminal offenses, to the commission of which the journalist may be involved, the conditional division can be - offenses related to professional activities and offenses not related to such. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in law-making activities to improve the norms of the current legislation providing for the protection of the professional activity of a journalist, as well as for further scientific research on the issues of protecting a journalist and his professional activity in Ukraine.
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Xu, Minhui, and Chi Yu Chu. "Translators’ professional habitus and the adjacent discipline." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 2 (2015): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.2.01xu.
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Simeoni’s seminal paper (1998) has spurred many to investigate translators’ habitus, both initial and professional, though fine-grained analysis is lacking. This paper argues that a translator’s professional habitus is highly influenced by the adjacent discipline. With Edgar Snow as an illustrative case, it attempts to explore the influence of journalism on the structuring of Snow’s professional habitus as a translator. An analysis of Snow’s social trajectory and inculcation of journalistic habitus and his translation strategies as a journalist translator, especially those of deletion of ‘telling,’ addition of ‘showing,’ and changing of beginning and ending, demonstrates that Snow’s professional habitus as a translator is obviously affected by his profession as a journalist. The translator’s habitus is a locus revealing a visible embodiment of interdisciplinary influences, and his/ her professional habitus is a combination of dispositions of both the profession of translation and the profession of the adjacent discipline.
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Barnard, Stephen R. "Tweeting #Ferguson: Mediatized fields and the new activist journalist." New Media & Society 20, no. 7 (2017): 2252–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817712723.
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As a hybrid, journo-activist space, tweeting #Ferguson quickly emerged as a way for activists and journalists to network and spread information. Using a mixed-methods approach combining digital ethnographic content analysis with social network analysis and link analysis, this study examines journalistic and activist uses of Twitter to identify changes in field relations and practices. Employing the lenses of field theory and mediatization, this study finds parity and divergence in the themes, frames, format, and discourse of journalist and activist Twitter practices. While the traditions of objective journalism and affective activism persist, notable exceptions occurred, especially following acts of police suppression. The networked communities of professional and activist Twitter users were overlapping and interactive, suggesting hybridity at the margins of the journalistic field. Given the hybridizing of journalistic and journo-activist practices, this case study examines the role of social media in efforts to report on and bolster social change.
12
Sytnyk, Oleksii. "Instrumental Competence of Journalists as One of the Main Educational Results of Their Professional Training." Current Issues of Mass Communication, no. 27 (2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2312-5160.2020.27.21-30.
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The study provides an analysis of skills required for journalists to use information and communication technologies in professional practice in accordance with modern challenges. The main objective of the present article is to substantiate the need to form the journalist’s instrumental competence in the professional training framework in the specialty “Journalism” in higher education institutions of Ukraine. Methodology: theoretical (abstraction, concretization and generalization of scientific research, pedagogical and professional experience), general (analysis, synthesis, analogy and extrapolation of the analyzed issue to the current state of professional journalism training in Ukraine). Findings and conclusions: 1) as a result of the documentary research, the concept of “instrumental competence of a journalist” (ICJ) was revealed; 2) based on the results of the analytic review of scientific sources and educational documents, the relevant components of journalists’ instrumental competence (knowledge/skills related to software mastering, digital resources and technologies for creating and disseminating media content) are identified; 3) based on the analysis of educational programs in the specialty “Journalism” in Ukrainian higher education institutions, we postulate the need to revise the principles of blocks formation of disciplines aimed at mastering students’ ICJ. Avenues for further research are proposed, in particular, search for mechanisms to maintain a balance between academic knowledge and technological skills in journalism educational programs, which primarily requires the study of positive experiences of modernization of journalism education.
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Berezin, A. F., N. N. Berezina, and E. N. Klemenova. "Problems of adaptation and psychological support for journalism students." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Journalism Series 134, no. 1 (2021): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7174-2021-134-1-72-78.
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The attitude towards the profession and the professional success of future journalists are largely formed during their studies at the university. Traditionally, special attention is paid to students of the first and fifth years, however, it is in the middle of the learning process that students experience important transformations of the image of the profession and their attitude to educational and professional activities. Understanding the specifics of the «third-year crisis» will help to maintain or increase the motivation of students for studying and professional development, and a comprehensive psychological support program will make assistance to future journalists more systematic. The article presents results of the study of the image of the profession of a journalist, as well as the ideas of first and third year students about the significant personal qualities of a journalist and forecasting their own professional self-realization. Highlighted the specifics of professionalization and the formation of competence, characteristic of a student in the middle of training. There are proposed measures and directions of psychological support for third-year students in the process of their training in journalism.
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Vladimirova, Tatiana, and Valentina Slavina. "Media Criticism: Between Theory and Practice." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 7, no. 4 (2018): 646–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2018.7(4).646-659.
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The article raises the problems of modern journalism, denotes such concepts as mass communication, media, media criticism. In the authors' opinion, media criticism is an invitation to the reader to a discussion, an open conversation, an appeal to pressing socio-political problems, publication of an alternative opinion that is necessary for any free society. Media criticism acts as a science, where both analysis, synthesis and forecast are present. The social importance of media criticism is underlined. It is noted that mass media criticism is no less important than professional media criticism. According to the authors, non-professionals in journalism can act from critical positions and are quite professional in relation to the media, for example, sociologists, economists, politicians. The authors analyze the current state of critical analytics in various media and communication. In detail, the research is undertaken with respect to the journal «Journalist» and «Novaya Gazeta», which present various aspects of media analysis. The authors tried to find out what has changed in journalism over the past few years? What is the status of journalistic criticism today? On the basis of the analysis, conclusions were drawn that the publications in «Novaya Gazeta» can be attributed to professional criticism, since the authors themselves are a representative of the journalistic profession. On the other hand, the media criticism of «Novaya Gazeta» can be called mass, since it is addressed to civil society. An example of professional criticism is, with full justification, the publications of the journal «Journalist», since academic criticism presupposes a scientific analysis based on theoretical comprehension, the ability to correlate social problems with their reflection in media products.
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Hadžialić, Sabahudin, and Vi Thi Phuong. "Media ethics within the fake news challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic." Studia i Analizy Nauk o Polityce, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/sanp.11465.
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Every profession needs professional ethics, but some occupations, such as journalism, have special importance and a wide relationship with many people in society, so professional ethics is essential in this case. When the journalists income is at stake, what will their professional ethics be like? The Covid-19 pandemic 2020 is threatening the existence of journalism and the news. Journalists are having a hard time reporting on the pandemic. Between the issue of safety of the journalists, and the implementation of responsibility for reporting, journalists must put ethical issues at the top. 
 This article analyzes the impact of fake news on the press and the ethical responsibility of journalists when reporting on the Covid-19 epidemic. Ethical behavior and social responsibility of journalists arise in professional journalism. A conflict may occur between professional obligations and basic human impulses of a journalist. They can fight to maintain their sense of fairness, balance, and objectivity. At the same time, they may be asked to lie. Their actions can cause real harm to the public, which in turn causes ethical dilemmas. 
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Atif, Ismail. "he Value of Commentary in the Mass Media." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Configuration 1, no. 3 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52984/ijomrc1304.
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As commentary is an important part of analytical journalism and analytical issues are the leading media in the scientific, political, economic, religious and social spheres of life. Commentary is an important and fundamental part of analytical journalism that journalism professionals disseminate through the media to raise awareness in the community. Journalist commentaries in the developed world are often written by professional, experienced and astute journalists to provide in-depth, accurate information about various events, innovations and inventions and to keep abreast of events. In this scholarly article I have written interesting scientific information on commentary, on the structure of commentary, on the types of commentary, the value of commentary in the media and the important parts of commentary.
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Avdonina, N. S. "Development of Professional Identity in Journalism Students Using Liberal Education Methods." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 29, no. 7 (2020): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-7-135-143.
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In the conditions of robotization and automation of journalistic activities, journalists need to develop professional competencies that will allow them to perform the tasks of complex individual and collective creative activity, namely, authoring and editing. A modern journalist is primarily an author, a creator of meanings and values, and only then a relay of information. Changes in working conditions and the profession affect the understanding of oneself, a specialist has to rediscover the image of himself in the profession and the image of the profession itself, which is the core of professional identity. Modern universities are looking for innovative models of training journalists. One of such innovative educational systems can be so called liberal education. In Russian universities, journalism education according to the principles of the liberal education system is organized at the RANEPA, Novosibirsk State University, Tyumen State University, NArFU named after M.V. Lomonosov. However, there is a lack of research on the topic of the effectiveness of liberal education in the context of the formation of professional identity. The article discusses the results of using methodologies from the liberal education system to develop professional identity at the university for students in the direction 42.03.02 “Journalism” in the disciplines “Introduction to World Journalism”, “History of Foreign Journalism”, “History of Foreign Journalism: XX Century” and “International Journalism”. The goal was the introduction of liberal education techniques, namely, analytical writing, in-depth, slow reading and joint work on media projects, which contribute to the formation of professional identity of future journalists who are ready to work in the new conditions of a digital society. The author analyzes her own experience in using the above methods. As the main research method, a content analysis of student activity products is used.
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Ladendorf, Martina. "Freelance Journalists’ Ethical Boundary Settings in Information Work." Nordicom Review 33, no. 1 (2013): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0006.
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Abstract The borders between the media genres journalism and information or PR are blurring, and this development is especially noticeable among freelance journalists. How does this affect freelance journalists, particularly their ethical reasoning? Thirteen interviews with freelancers living in a peripheral northern county in Sweden were analyzed, using a combination of discourse analysis and narrative theory methods and a virtue ethics theoretical framework. It was found that 11 out of 13 informants worked occasionally or regularly with information-type assignments. To sustain the informants’ professional roles and selfidentities of integrity and impartiality, having boundary settings between, first, information/ PR and journalist roles and, second, information and journalist type assignments was crucial. It was evident that individual ethics had replaced professional principles. The freelancers reflexively process media industry constraints, together with their everyday working conditions, in a situation where the ideals and norms of the profession constitute the background for their individual action ethics.
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Walters, Patrick. "Changing objective: Re-examining The Journalist and the Murderer." Newspaper Research Journal 39, no. 4 (2018): 443–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739532918806886.
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This study assesses whether the ethics guidelines of modern media organizations reflect an adherence to the messages Janet Malcolm sent in her controversial 1990 book, The Journalist and the Murderer, particularly on the meaning of “truth,” on maintaining objectivity, on avoiding conflicts of interest and on journalistic transparency. This assessment finds the policies of The New York Times, the Associated Press and the Society of Professional Journalists reflect that Malcolm’s once-controversial arguments have become central in today’s mainstream journalistic ethical guidelines.
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Rahmanzadeh Heravi, Bahareh, and Jarred McGinnis. "Introducing Social Semantic Journalism." Journal of Media Innovations 2, no. 1 (2015): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jmi.v2i1.868.
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In the event of breaking news, a wealth of crowd-sourced data, in the form of text, video and image, becomesavailable on the Social Web. In order to incorporate this data into a news story, the journalist mustprocess, compile and verify content within a very short timespan. Currently this is done manually andis a time-consuming and labour-intensive process for media organisations. This paper proposes SocialSemantic Journalism as a solution to help those journalists and editors. Semantic metadata, natural languageprocessing (NLP) and other technologies will provide the framework for Social Semantic Journalismto help journalists navigate the overwhelming amount of UGC for detecting known and unknown newsevents, verifying information and its sources, identifying eyewitnesses and contextualising the event andnews coverage journalists will be able to bring their professional expertise to this increasingly overwhelminginformation environment. This paper describes a framework of technologies that can be employed byjournalists and editors to realise Social Semantic Journalism.
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Hamzah, Massila, and Ima Liana Esa. "Uncovering The Factors Influencing The Technological Adaptation of Twitter Usage Among Journalists in the Transforming Journalism Practice." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 36, no. 4 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2020-3604-01.
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The increased usage of digital technologies has radically impacted the journalism profession across the globe. This qualitative study focuses on the factors influencing the technological adaptation of Twitter usage among journalists in the transforming journalism practice. To gain insights on the central focus of this study, ten (10) local news journalists at the News and Current Affairs Media Prima Berhad (NCA MPB) with professional profiles on Twitter were interviewed. Data analysis were conducted simultaneously with data collection and the NVivo 10 software was used in the coding process. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data. Findings revealed THREE (3) significant themes that contributed to the technological adaptation of Twitter usage among journalists, as follows; (i) willingness to collaborate (ii) technology acceptance gap, and (iii) institutional readiness and encouragement, which plays a salient role in facilitating the adoption process as well as bridging the technological gap among the journalists. An interesting finding in this present study warrants that institutional readiness is necessary to understand journalist's propensity to embrace and use cutting-edge technologies, from being a conventional journalist to adapt self and engage in the digital realm. With the blossoming platforms due to online boom and social media, journalists must embrace technology as an enabler for their professional relevance and the news industry survival. In conclusion, the institutional readiness is therefore necessary to ascertain the journalist's propensity to embrace the cutting-edge technologies in performing their challenging role in the changing media industry today. Keywords: Technological adaptation, Twitter, journalism practice, qualitative, media industry.
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Hussain, Fazal, and Auj-e. Kamal. "THREATS TO JOURNALISTS IN SINDH: EVENTS AND PERCEPTIONS (2000-2017)." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 57, no. 2 (2018): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v57i2.63.
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This study explores threats to journalists in Sindh, searching the journalist’s community, allocating its existence through a premeditated survey with directional questionnaire. Consulting 150 journalists to find out the essence, magnitude and targeting aspects of the threats they are facing in wake of their line of duty. Journalists and threats are both enter-linked since the birth of journalism, a journalist is a Watch-Dog or Gate-Keeper, who guards the boundaries of transparency, freedom of expression, sphere of laws and protects and promotes the social values and norms and facilitates political communication to educate and update the citizens. Doing all this in a part of the state where the situation of law and order is deteriorated, the population is heterogeneous in its nature, is a big challenge. Attacks on journalists have been searched from the history of media landscape for last 17 years in Sindh to weigh up the threats to Watch-Dogs. The study generalizes, whether working journalists are serving under pressure in an environment governed by threats or they feel safe and free to perform their journalistic duties. It also calculates the responses of the affected journalists in the outward appearance of complaints they file in connection with the threats faced for their professional work.
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Bacon, Wendy. "What is a Journalist in a University?" Media International Australia 90, no. 1 (1999): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909000110.
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This paper argues that those who see no place for media theory in journalism education have adopted an intellectual approach to journalism which is both inappropriate in a university context and serves neither journalism nor audiences well. Rather, the interaction between the professional practice of journalism and theory and research into journalism can be a close and dynamic one in which research can produce innovative journalism and the professional practice of journalism and experiences of audiences can feed into a research agenda. Links between journalism research and journalism professional practice can be found in journalism about journalism and in the everyday talk of journalists and audiences. Three case studies which have arisen during recent experience in teaching journalism at the University of Technology, Sydney are used to demonstrate these points.
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Finkler, Yuri. "Mass media in the power framework: institutionalization revisited." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 300–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-22.
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The definitions of the institute and the institutionalization in the different fields of science (scholarship) vary. Specifically this refers to the understanding of the institutionalization of the mass media, whose activities are greatly dependent on the authorities. In Ukraine, such dependence has been particularly salient during the last time. The article aims at studying the existing definitions of the institutions of both social phenomena. An analysis of the institute of comparison and interpenetration of media and power as a social communication сoncept has been offered. A concept of institutionalization of the mass media is analyzed in terms of content structure and personal freedom of journalist. Specificity of several specialized aspects of media institutionalization in the context of the existence of different types and forms of competition and cooperation between universal and specialized publication sand journalists are analyzed. Different subtypes of journalism and relevant social trends, as well as a degree of interaction between professional and commercial dimensions of journalistic sphere are analyzed. It is emphasized that debates on mass media institutionalization focus on two dilemmas: the «journalist-professional» and «the journalist-ordinary member of society». Such discussion relates to the social significance of the problem and to professionalism of the media and journalists. The authorities can reduce social importance of institutionalization of the mass media, as well as they can downplay it purportedly. But social institutionalization of the mass media does not disappear because of the whims of the current authorities. We argue if the current Ukrainian authorities took into account the main factors of the institutionalization of the media and the correlation between journalistic and social practices, it would make fewer mistakes in its work with the media (which cannot be destroyed by institutionalization). The followup studies on the research problem outlined in the article are to study definitions of institutionalization of social and communication characteristics of cluster institutions: legal, economic sociological and so on. Socio-communicative understanding of the concept of the institution in its modus operandi will enable systematizing knowledge about institutionalization of many social phenomena that serve the mass media. Keywords: author, power, journalist, category, institutionalization, content, mass media, professionalism, social effect, specialization, universality.
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Williams, Amanda, Maria Victoria Guglietti, and Sally Haney. "Journalism students’ professional identity in the making: Implications for education and practice." Journalism 19, no. 6 (2017): 820–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917692344.
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Changes in journalism spurred by technological shifts and industry restructuring have left observers questioning both the nature of the profession and what educators ought to do in order to prepare aspiring journalists. Despite attempts to rethink what it means to be a journalist and the educational experience needed to prepare students, few qualitative studies have emerged that track how learners are negotiating professional values. This article does precisely that by providing a case study of how students in an undergraduate Canadian university’s journalism program are conceptualizing the profession against the backdrop of changing practices and principles. Based on the data generated from 96 open-ended reflections, this investigation offers some important findings about the student professional identity experience within a 4-year program. More precisely, the results indicate that the ideals of ‘high modernism’ (especially those surrounding objectivity, the role of the public watchdog, and ethical practice) are being negotiated by journalists in training in important and meaningful ways.
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Pastor-Alonso, María-de-los-Ángeles. "I want to be a journalist: looking for motivation in journalism." Comunicar 17, no. 34 (2010): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c34-2010-03-19.
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This paper has an approach to the different characteristics which make up the public’s image of journalists, analysing the motivations behind the decision of those who became and those who want to become journalists. In the case of professional journalists, there is a theoretical framework from which to analyze the essential influences on the decision to become a journalist: we can underline the development of personal talents, and the social influence of journalism and its existential possibilities. These reasons help explain some professional behaviour and attitudes, and point to why journalism is a questionable profession in Spain nowadays. The ideal profile of a journalist inevitably influences the value placed on the work of journalists, and also affects the decision of those who contemplate a career in journalism. Moreover, these youngsters who want to become journalists – whose motivations are contrasted in an investigation into students in the final year of High School and the first year of university - accept the usual stereotypes of journalists, even those which present a kind of mythical image, but these youngsters are also conscious of the need for personal criticism. They call for the return to the most important values and qualities of journalism to develop professional competence. Se realiza en este artículo un acercamiento a las características que configuran la imagen del periodista ante el gran público, examinando los motivos que intervienen en la decisión de quienes se han dedicado a este oficio y de quienes desean hacerlo en el futuro. En el caso de los profesionales en ejercicio, se dispone ya de un marco teórico suficiente para analizar las influencias que en su momento fueron determinantes en la vocación de los informadores: destacan el desarrollo de ciertos talentos personales, el papel social atribuido al periodismo y sus posibilidades vitales. Estas razones explican ciertos comportamientos y actitudes profesionales y señalan las causas de que en la actualidad el periodismo sea una profesión socialmente cuestionada en España. El «perfil ideal» del periodista actúa de rasero inevitable para valorar el trabajo de los comunicadores, e influye, a su vez, en la elección de quienes se inclinan por el periodismo como profesión. Por su parte, estos jóvenes que quieren ser periodistas –cuyas motivaciones son contrastadas a través de un sondeo realizado a estudiantes del último curso de Bachillerato y primero de la licenciatura– aceptan los estereotipos que circulan sobre los informadores, incluso los que proyectan una estampa más mitificada, pero también son conscientes de la necesidad de una seria autocrítica. Ellos mismos reivindican, en suma, la vuelta a los valores más apreciados del oficio y las cualidades que desarrollen la competencia profesional.
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Ahmed, Kamaldeen Arikewuyo, Saudat Salah Abdulbaqi, and Isiaka Zubair Aliagan. "Corruption in the Media: Implications for Ethical and Socially Responsible Journalism." Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia 22, no. 2 (2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jpmm.vol22no2.4.
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Corruption is an important problem affecting every strata of the Nigerian society. Its impact on Nigerian media is no exemption. Corruption in relation to media is popularly tied to brown envelope which ultimately affects journalist sense of news judgment. Hence, this paper took a theoretical approach to examining the relationship between the issue of brown envelope syndrome and unethical practice within the Nigerian media system and its implications on ethical and socially responsible journalism. Surprisingly, result of the literature reviewed revealed that poor journalistic training and lack of professionalism is responsible for unethical practice in Nigerian media. It further revealed loss of credibility, loss of watchdog roles and decline in news quality, values and public trust of journalists as its implications on ethical and socially responsible journalism. The paper recommend among others, that sound education in form of regular seminars, workshops and professional trainings be given to would-be journalists where legal framework and media regulatory bodies served their responsibilities by regularly checkmating the excesses of journalists to confirm strict adherence to ethical codes.
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Mitra, Saumava. "Socio-cultural contexts and peace journalism: A case for meso-level comparative sociological investigation of journalistic cultures." Journalism 19, no. 11 (2016): 1517–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916657510.
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The article argues that through explorations of differing identity formation among journalist groups according to socio-cultural contexts, Peace Journalism has to test the applicability and acceptability of its normative frameworks in different settings. The article identifies lessons Peace Journalism can include from other academic sub-fields to understand the professional life-worlds of journalists in post-conflict societies. The study proffers a meso-level investigation framework of journalists’ awareness of and negotiation with the circulation of ‘flaks’, ‘frames’ and ‘myths’ through the ‘feedback loop(s)’ they work within and re-categorizes micro-level findings from a study conducted in Kenya with this meso-level framework as an illustration.
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Snitsarchuk, Lidiya. "Journalistic work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi in 1910—1939." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-27.
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The paper studies the main aspects of creative work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi (1890-1940?), a journalist, public and political figure, cooperative movement’s activist. Archival documents, particularly correspondence with Volodymyr Koroliv-Staryi, M.Yeremijiv, V. Pisniachevskyi, A.Nikovskyi revealed numerous facts about his cooperation with periodicals. The author of the article estimates his judgements on journalism, its role and tasks as well as the features of regional press as notably actual. The author analyses the way Kovalevskyi treated periodicals’ content, way of providing discussions in press, and how to illuminate the key issues of the day. The autobiographical component is being prized as the main feature of Kovalevskyi’ publications. His writings on social and political topics were enriched with bygone parallels illustrating his political views’ transformation, his established feelings on certain life conflicts. The past was strongly incorporated into his memory. The author found out that journalistic heritage of Oleksandr Kovalevsky had never been accumulated and analyzed, especially his journalistic skills and features of texts architectonics etc. A complex study of journalist’s activity, especially his talent after observing problems that persecuted the Ukrainians to single out the main one and explainit in details, would help future journalists in forming their professional skills and restoring historical events. Besides, it would assist deep understanding of current social and political processes and upheavals. Keywords: Oleksandr Kovalevskyi, journalism, editor, publicist, Ukrainian press.
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Hassid, Jonathan. "Four Models of the Fourth Estate: A Typology of Contemporary Chinese Journalists." China Quarterly 208 (December 2011): 813–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741011001019.
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AbstractScholarly attention has not kept pace with the rapid changes in the professional role of Chinese journalists. Instead, two older views prevail. The first, which sees Chinese journalists as “mouthpieces” of the Communist Party unchanged from the Maoist era, downplays the tremendous changes in the media since 1978. The second view, holding that they are increasingly becoming “American-style professionals,” overstates the influence of international media norms on Chinese news workers' day-to-day reality. While such communist and American-style professionals do exist in contemporary China, both are far less influential and numerous than stereotypes would suggest. Exclusive scholarly focus on these groups ignores two other more numerous and influential orientations: “advocate professionals,” those who write to influence opinion and policy, and “workaday journalists,” who work mainly for money and lack a commitment to public service. This article delineates all four types of Chinese journalist and explains why an understanding of the latter two professional orientations is critical to understanding China's media, politics and society.
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Chatinyan, Ashot, and Arevhat Baghdasaryan. "Professional competencies of journalism students in armenia: structure and content." SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 7, no. 4 (2019): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2019-7-4-85-94.
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Aim of the research: to study the structure of competencies of journalism students in the Republic of Armenia. Research methods and organization. We used the following methods in our research: study and analysis of scientific literature, sociological survey, and mathematical statistics. Four groups of respondents took part in the sociological survey: over 100 undergraduate and graduate journalism students, 20 journalism lecturers in 6 leading universities of Armenia, including the Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. The survey involved 20 journalists from various including major TV channels «Armenian Public Television», «Armenia TV», «Kentron» and «Erkir media». The overwhelming majority of respondents were women – 120 people. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, we identified the following groups of competencies in the model of journalism education: theoretical, practical, personal, and interpersonal groups including specific components. Research results. The research revealed that practical competencies (46%) play a crucial role in the structure of practical competencies essential for journalism students. Theoretical (30%) and personal competencies (14%) take second place. According to the respondents, interpersonal competencies are the least significant for the professional activity of a journalist (10%). We studied the opinion of respondents on the significance of spe- cific skills and abilities for journalism students. Journalism educators and current journalists shared certain insights into the issue of theoretical competencies. It is particularly interesting that all three groups of respond- ents had the same opinion on interpersonal competencies. Conclusion. The analysis of survey results revealed the hierarchy of competency groups of journalism stu- dents, and the range of specific skills abilities contributing to effective professional activities. However, it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the future professional activity of journalism students in sport universities when building specific capacities and skills.
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May, William F. "Professional ethics, the university, and the journalist." Journal of Mass Media Ethics 1, no. 2 (1986): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08900528609358263.
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Sjøvaag, Helle. "Journalistic Autonomy." Nordicom Review 34, s1 (2020): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0111.
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AbstractThis article investigates the concept of autonomy within the journalistic institution. A review of the literature reveals that journalist autonomy is restricted at the political, economic and organisational levels of news production, negotiated at the editorial level, and exercised at the level of practice. The article addresses the limits of professional autonomy, aiming for a wider contextualisation of the question to analyse the factors that restrict and enable journalistic autonomy. By investigating journalistic autonomy within the duality of structure, the analysis finds that autonomy is attained when journalists engage in the recursive reproduction of the institution. The level of autonomy enjoyed by journalists therefore remains a fluid concept that is continually adjusted to manage the daily task of reporting the news.
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Sheffer, Mary Lou, and Brad Schultz. "Paradigm Shift or Passing Fad? Twitter and Sports Journalism." International Journal of Sport Communication 3, no. 4 (2010): 472–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.3.4.472.
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This was an extension of research by the same authors (2010) that investigated sports reporters’ perception of their use of Twitter as part of their professional journalistic duties. Using content-analysis methodology (N = 1,008), the authors investigated how sports reporters actually used Twitter. Analysis showed a discrepancy between journalist responses and measured content. Although journalists said they were using Twitter for breaking news and promotion, the dominant result of the content analysis was commentary and opinion. There were also differences related to print and smaller media outlets. The implications of such differences are discussed, including a possible paradigmatic shift in journalists’ approaches.
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Kazarinova, N. V., and A. M. Ogorodnova. "Corporate Loyalty or Creative Self-Realization: Management Strategies in the Field of Journalism." Discourse 5, no. 5 (2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2019-5-5-55-63.
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Introduction. The paper is devoted to the discussion of issues and unforeseen risks facing media leaders during their staffing decisions, above all the motivation of journalists' professional work and the encouraging style of journalists to perform editorial assignments. Methodology and sources. Based on the methodological resources of structural and functional analysis and structuralist constructivism, various – often opposite – editorial attitudes are identified, each of which contains resources and risks for both the professional implementation of journalists and the corporate climate of media publications. The sociological data for the problematization of the context of managerial communication was the content analysis of interviews with experts and media leaders published on Mediajobs.ru in the Media and Career portal. The measurement was carried out in the following categories: requirements for the work of a journalist by the editor-inchief or the head of a media holding; features of professional communication in the journalistic community; communication features when working with storage media; professional self-characterization of interviewed respondents. Results and discussion. The paper shows that the value preferences of media managers regarding acceptable methods of obtaining information, namely the requirements for verifying the reliability of the data collected or the use of emotional provocation, turned out to be approximately equal in the analyzed sample. Reflecting and at the same time defining the professional practice of the interaction of journalists with their sources, these professional attitudes contain the conditions for shifting the risk towards conflict interprofessional interaction.Conclusion. The sociological analysis of managerial strategies in the journalistic community makes it possible to predict with a high degree of probability the nature of professional failures and stresses that arise when journalists carry out their professional duties.
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Kaminskaya, Tatiyana L. "Regional identity of the journalist and regional culture." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 1, no. 118 (2021): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2021-1-118-178-183.
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The article is devoted to the formation of the future journalist's regional identity at the university as a resource not only for preserving the culture of the region, but also for the development of its economy. Noting the need to retain university graduates in the regions, the author of the article emphasizes the particular importance of the problem in relation to graduates of media specialties. It is journalists and bloggers who today, more than ever before, influence society and shape the mindset in the context of mediatization of all spheres of life. Using the data of the expert survey of leading teachers in Russia (10 universities) in the field of journalism, the author of the article shows how, when taking into account new media trends, not only in the country, but also in the world, to form the regional identity of university students. In addition, the author of the article summarizes his own observations of university youth studying journalism and the methodological experience of heading the department of journalism at a regional university. The article emphasizes that the regional identity of journalists can be one of the most important factors in preventing the destabilizing role of various social and political processes, and in this context, effective strategies for creating it in a university are highlighted. At the same time, the training of a journalist is understood not only as a process of obtaining professional competencies, but also as a process of personal development of a person with the help and on the basis of regional culture, traditions and practices of commemoration. The author proposes the following as ways of forming regional identity among future journalists: broadcasting «success stories» of media persons in the region; the presence in the curriculum of bachelor's and master's degree programs of media specialties of special disciplines with the context of regional culture; project activities of students commissioned by regional authorities and business; obligatory regional component when writing research papers by students.
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Borkowski, Igor. "Współczesny prasowy wywiad dziennikarski: techniki prowadzenia, opracowanie, publikacja." Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 1 (October 30, 2011): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.8.
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A journalist interview is a well established and described genre. In many journalism textbooks it is recognized as highly important, as interview technique is both the key to acquiring information by a journalist (from people), and a way of conducting and analysing a longer literary text in a form of a dialogue between a journalist and interviewed person. The presented text discusses interview techniques, leading to creating an extensive text that would cover many topics. Such an interview, intended for publication, takes a shape of a live question-answer conversation between a journalist and his or her interlocutor. Attention is drawn to the most important steps of interview preparation: choosing the subject and the interlocutor, arranging scenery of the meeting, conducting and recording the interview, editing and preparing the text for publishing (in the light of Polish law all this has to additionally be hedged around with the right of the interviewed person to authorise the interview). The article presents the most basic typology of interviews: for a person (when the conversation focuses on the speaking person) and for a cause (when the subject matter of the talk is a field in which the interviewed person is a specialist). The author underlines an effort that has to be made by the journalist in order to prepare for an interview – there is the necessity for detailed research, acquainting oneself with the topic to be discussed, very good knowledge of the subject close to the interviewed person’s heart. He emphasizes also an important and widely discussed issue of the journalist’s responsibility for the person with whom he or she talks, as well as requirements regarding a successful interview: respect, interest taken in the interlocutor, keeping certain distance and also – fundamental for this profession – the problem of working under pressure of time and some brevity and the need to apply schematic attitude and simplify the journalistic narrative. The whole text is illustrated with numerous quotations taken from professional press and workshop materials in which famous and renowned masters of the press interview talk about their professional experience. In this text there are also remarks on the way a journalist works on the material he or she has collected and acceptable interferences in somebody’s statement. Also, the author mentions the issue of authorisation, which is an infamous remnant of the censorship which constituted a part of press law made in 1984 and – in its principles – valid till this day.
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Jenkins, Joy, Yong Volz, Teri Finneman, Youn-Joo Park, and Katherine Sorbelli. "Reconstructing collective professional identity: A case study of a women’s journalist association in the post–second-wave feminist movement in the United States." Media, Culture & Society 40, no. 4 (2017): 600–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717724604.
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This study explores the relationship between social movements and professions by focusing on the development of women journalist associations in the post-feminist era in the United States. The analysis focuses on the case of the US-based organization Journalism and Women Symposium (JAWS) using 41 oral history interviews with JAWS members and archival research. The results illustrate how the members of JAWS defined, contested, and negotiated the collective identity of their organization as well as the meaning of women journalists more broadly.
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Luo, Yumeng, and Teresa M. Harrison. "How citizen journalists impact the agendas of traditional media and the government policymaking process in China." Global Media and China 4, no. 1 (2019): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436419835771.
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“Citizen journalism” is a term used to refer to ordinary individuals who act as journalists during some part of the process of creating content for mainstream journalism coverage. In China, besides ordinary citizen journalists, some professional journalists have been regarded as citizen journalists if they write stories online that would otherwise not be publishable in traditional media. Unfortunately, since the real name registration system was launched on the Internet in 2012, the activities of both professionals and average citizens in China are frequently limited. So, is citizen journalism a role that can only be practiced in very limited ways in China? This article adopts a broader definition of citizen journalism, in which, through the use of social media to discuss and comment on news and social issues, ordinary citizens in China act as collective citizen journalists, which insulates them against individually targeted criticism for their opinions. We applied agenda-setting theory to explain citizen journalist contributions to the content of traditional media and the policymaking process in China. Using several forms of Chinese media and rank-order cross-lagged correlations, we found that online public opinions in social media influenced the agenda of traditional commercially oriented media, but not the agenda of traditional government-sponsored media. The policy agenda was partially influenced by the online public. The online public acted collectively to influence and contribute to the content of the traditional media and policies the government considers, thus changing the nature of journalism and public sphere.
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Rohimah, Iim. "Etika dan Kode Etik Jurnalistik dalam Media Online Islam." KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi 11, no. 2 (2018): 213–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/komunika.v11i2.1054.
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Online media is a new world’s phenomenon which produce the mass communication subjects which is not only institutionalized but also individuals, famously known as citizen journalist. However, this new type of journalist is considered as not professional as mainstream journalists. This phenomenon is also happened in islamic online media, which the subject of this communication could be an institution, or either individuals. These subjects are often violating journalism rule and ethics on the internet. The ideology of this writer and institution could be expressed on a discriminative and unfair journalism product. On the other hand, religious sentiment could also be a factor when a journalism products tend to accused a person before the law. This condition has to be evaluated, it is due to the islamic media on the internet could be an image of Islamic world as a whole. Moreover as a moslem, we are not only pay attention to the journalism code but also on Islamic value. There are many Islamic rule which stated that journalism activities linked with taqwa concept. Each of journalism activites on the media has to be based on the fairness, carefulness and critique-constructive concept. With that, it could strengthen moslem activities on holding not only towards journalism code of ethics but also Islamic religious faith.
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Salnikovа, Ludmila. "Robots Versus Journalists: Does Journalism Have a Future?" Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 4 (2019): 668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(4).668-678.
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The article deals with the prospects of robotization of a big part of journalists’ work that may lead to redundancies in the media industry, transformation of traditional professional skills and emergence of new standards and competencies. The topicality of the article is proved by the need to explore the new boundaries of journalism as profession. The author analyzes both types of work that can be automated, and those journalist activities where artificial intelligence cannot replace a human. The subject of the study is the data of the most recent researches, sociological surveys and statistics on transformation of the current media market and the new requirements for media-workers’ competencies in the context of the digital revolution. Basing on extensive factual material and experts’ forecasts, the author infers that it is high time for media professionals to extend the range of competencies and determine a related professional niche to secure them a job in case of redundancies caused by robotization. The original results of a sociological survey carried out at the Department of International Journalism of MGIMO University build up the scientific novelty of the article. The aim of the survey was to find out and analyze the undergraduate students’ vision of their work prospects as journalists, to correlate their career plans and employers’ demand, and to identify their readiness to adapt to the new media practices. The results of the survey bring the author to the conclusion that it is necessary to radically update the current syllabi to focus on the most recent information and communication technologies.
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Ottovordemgentschenfelde, Svenja. "‘Organizational, professional, personal’: An exploratory study of political journalists and their hybrid brand on Twitter." Journalism 18, no. 1 (2016): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916657524.
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Political journalists rely heavily on their occupational status and reputation. This article addresses how political journalists negotiate their standing and enforce their legitimacy on Twitter amidst the online environment that directly challenges them. So far, practice-oriented studies have only looked at journalists in general. Studies have also tended to investigate the content published to journalists’ Twitter feeds, neglecting other aspects of the Twitter profile that can affect the perceived image of journalists. This exploratory study examines the Twitter profile pages of 20 political journalists who work for the top broadsheet newspapers in the United States. It uses the conceptual framework of personal branding to identify patterns and trends of how and where political journalists actively communicate their presence on the platform. This process is delineated by three complementary and co-existing brand identities – the organizational, the professional, and the personal – as well as a digital media skills-based dimension that political journalists use to position their journalistic brand on Twitter. Findings suggest that it could be most appropriate to think of political journalists’ Twitter profiles as digital business cards or digital portfolios, deliberately crafted to differentiate the journalist and establish competitive superiority.
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Elliott, Mark. "Human rights in the House of Lords: what standard of review?" Cambridge Law Journal 59, no. 1 (2000): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300220011.
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THE applicants in R. v. Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex p. Simms [1999] 3 W.L.R. 328 were convicted murderers whose applications for leave to appeal had been refused but who continued to protest their innocence. To this end they gave interviews to investigative journalists, hoping that this would ultimately result in their cases being referred back to the Court of Appeal. However, paragraph 37 of the Prison Rules 1964 provides that professional visits by journalists to prisoners should not generally be allowed and that any journalist wishing to visit a prisoner qua relative or friend must undertake not to publish anything disclosed during the visit. Paragraph 37A stipulates that if, exceptionally, a journalist is permitted to make a professional visit, he must undertake to abide by any conditions prescribed by the prison governor. In the instant case the prison authorities, pursuant to a Home Office policy directing prison governors to impose a blanket ban on all visits by journalists in their professional capacity, refused to permit further visits unless paragraph 37 undertakings were forthcoming. Their Lordships accepted the applicants' argument that this constituted unlawful interference with their entitlement to free expression.
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Viktorovich, Matvienko Valentin. "The status of journalism and journalist education in india." Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2019-0019.
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Abstract Journalistic education in India in the context of booming media sector is a relatively new topic of scientific interest in the Russian Federation. The object of scientific research is vast: it includes a numerous list of problems and specific circumstances of the Indian national level concerning the freedom of journalism as a social institution and consists of fragmentary issues such as the rights of journalists, peculiar properties of journalistic trainings in India and their practical realization. It should be mentioned that journalistic education in India is a peculiar system with its specific structure, concrete goals and traditional objectives.The article is devoted to the analysis of the Indian national system of journalists training and its role in the social and partly “ political environment of the country. As the topic is rather complicated, the author researches different aspects of journalistic education in India: the process of forming the professional ethics, working on the qualification upgrade, communication with the audience and other media workers. After the conducted research the author concludes that despite the improving economic policy of the country and growing role of social responsibility, the Indian journalists are in their mass still poorly qualified on the one hand and the editorial policy doesn’t objectively reflect the kaleidoscopically changing economic and social conjuncture of the country” on the other hand.
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Golan, Oren, and Nakhi Mishol-Shauli. "Fundamentalist web journalism: Walking a fine line between religious ultra-Orthodoxy and the new media ethos." European Journal of Communication 33, no. 3 (2018): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323118763928.
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New media journalism has perturbed traditional reporting not only in mainstream-modern societies but also within religious-cum-insular communities. Focusing on the Jewish ultra-Orthodox community in Israel and in light of web journalists’ continuous struggle with leading clergy and an apprehensive public, this study grapples with the question, ‘How do ultra-Orthodox web journalists view their work mission as information brokers for an enclave culture?’ The study gleaned from 40 in-depth interviews with web journalists and discussions with community web activists. Results uncovered three major schemata that drive their praxis: (1) Communal-Haredi, (2) Western-Democratic and (3) Journalist Ecosystem. Findings suggest a rising archetype of fundamentalist web journalism that rests its professional ethos on writers’ practice, rather than on formalized training or communal dictums. Web journalists were found to strongly identify with their community, yet, often unintentionally, also act as a secondary form of authority and harbingers of change.
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Makarova, Nataliya Ya, and Darya O. Makhneva. "VIRTUAL REALITY JOURNALISM. CHANGING OF TV-REPORTAGE AND THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF A JOURNALIST." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series History. Philology. Cultural Studies. Oriental Studies, no. 1 (2018): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6355-2018-1-65-74.
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Sokolova, Olga, and Susanna Stanislavskaya. "Speech portrait of a journalist V. M. Peskov as a carried of the full-range type of speech culture." Litera, no. 3 (March 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.3.29941.
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This article is dedicated to the speech portraying of linguistic personality of the journalist – one of the relevant problems of modern linguistics, substantiated by development of the methodology of reconstruction of linguistic personality, as well as the current state of journalism and linguistic problems of modern mass media. The authors attempt to create a speech portrait of personality of V. M. Peskov, whose words signify an example of journalistic mastery and high level of speech culture. Major attention is paid to the individual characteristics of artistic matter of the journalist that describe his linguistic personality, worldview and values. The conclusion is made that the individual speech portrait of V. M. Peskov allows determining his linguistic personality as the carrier of full-range type of speech culture that possesses not only professional, but also life experience and established system of ethical values. His signature speech indicates creative individuality and skillful use of expressive means, as well as following the laws of journalism genre and compliance with the norms of literary language. The novelty of this research consists in the authors’ attempt to reveal the individual speech characteristics of V. M. Peskov on the one hand, and qualities typical for a top-notch newspaper journalist, which would allow to develop criteria for classification of the carrier of high speech culture.
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Vuohelainen, Minna. "‘[B]etween power and the people’: Journalist-Investigators in Nordic Crime Fiction." Crime Fiction Studies 1, no. 1 (2020): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cfs.2020.0007.
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Recent Nordic crime fiction contains numerous amateur detectives who are professional journalists. Their presence is partly explained by the shared roots and formal affinities of crime reportage and crime fiction, and by the journalistic backgrounds of many Nordic crime writers. However, the rise of the journalist-investigator as a rival to traditional police detectives is also a mark of growing distrust in the competence of the Nordic welfare state and its officials. Nordic journalist-investigators are typically crusading reporters motivated by a desire to uncover and prevent social injustice, including the neglect and abuse of vulnerable social groups by absent, incompetent or corrupt public officials. In acting as moral guardians of social justice, journalist-investigators carry out the principle of the press as a fourth estate, designed to check state power by publicising abuses of authority, and signal a possible shift from the welfare state towards a civil society. However, this role is also compromised by the ethical dilemmas journalist-investigators face between the demands of uncovering information, protecting vulnerable witnesses, informing the public, preventing crime and meeting commercial imperatives. These conflicts spotlight troubling tendencies within crime fiction and crime reportage: both kinds of writing are underpinned by a narrative structure of anticipation, suspense and dramatic revelation and premised upon the reader's voyeuristic investment in sensational subjects.
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Manning, Selwyn. "OBITUARY: Yasmine Ryan—a sketch of an extraordinary journalist’s international career." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 24, no. 1 (2018): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v24i1.412.
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There is yet much to learn from journalist Yasmine Ryan’s experience, who died tragically in conflicted circumstances in Istanbul, Turkey, on 30 November 2017 after a stellar career reporting in international conflict zones, from the Pacific to the Middle East. One element is relevant to journalism and communications curriculum. We all live in complex times, and for those who choose to exercise their professional craft in regions of conflict, there is a clear need to develop an awareness of how dangerous situations impact on us. The author of this article argues that professional development in this specific area of journalist safety must be designed to provide the individual an ability to self-assess and determine what kind of help is needed and how to access it before a crisis (whether internal or external) erupts.
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Machado, Adelaide Maria Muralha Vieira. "The Lisbon International Congress of the Press: the dawn of professional journalism." Estudos Ibero-Americanos 46, no. 2 (2020): e34753. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-864x.2020.2.34753.
Full textAbstract:
This is a study of cultural history that intends to analyse the importance of the international gatherings for the history of the press and journalism. The congresses and their theoretical work provided an important contribution to the exposure and the deepening of those issues that, in the Lisbon Congress, led to the approval of a directive by which each national association should promote journalism within higher education. Centred in this event demonstrates how, without losing completely the sense of mission, journalism became a regulated profession and the journalist a professional with rights and duties inherent in that condition. In connection, the beginnings of the press as mega-industry and the position of the journalist as an employee in the cultural and political global context, with all the class associations, the alliances and social cleavages that this growth caused along the 20th century were patent in the debate occurred in Lisbon, substantiating it in a particularly decisive period of the evolution of democratic society. As a symptom of growth and adaptation, the debate during the Congress crisscrossed several important positions regarding the evolution of journalism, both as an idea and a concept, and as a profession. In addition tobeing a contribution to the research of the history of the press and its main actors in a little-studied chapter the international relations of the press, the relevance of this study lies in the fact of opening for current debates and reflection helping to understand the failures and achievements of contemporaneity.