Academic literature on the topic 'Profits of physical persons'
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Journal articles on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Alves, Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega, Humberto da Nóbrega Alves, Raynner Rilke Duarte Barboza, and Wedson de Medeiros Silva Souto. "The influence of religiosity on health." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 15, no. 4 (2010): 2105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232010000400024.
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The relationship between religion and health has been a subject of interest in the past and in the latest years becoming increasingly visible in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. Among several approaches to be considered, the present work provides a briefly discuss concerning the bond between health and religiosity in the cure process and diseases treatment. Several investigations show that religious participation is related with better outcomes for persons who are recovering from physical and mental illness, also the psychology science have committed special issues to positive correlations between religious belief and practice, mental and physical health and longevity. On the other hand, religion may also be associated with negative outcomes and the inappropriate use of health services as fanaticism, asceticism, mortifications and oppressive traditionalism. The potential for both positive and negative effects of spirituality on health, combined with the high levels of engagement with spirituality suggests that this area is ripe for future sustained research. Independent of the possible mechanisms, if individuals receive health profits by the religion; those should be motivated, respecting the individual faith of each one.
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Vašendová, Jana, and Ondřej Ješina. "Nabídka programů pro osoby se zdravotním postižením v oblasti volného času." Studia sportiva 7, no. 3 (2013): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2013-3-25.
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The offer of leisure time activities for persons with disabilities in the Czech Republic is still not paying enough attention. Our aim is to find out what is the offer of services and obstacles for the expansion of its menu. These findings can then be used for more effective support to the development of these bodies, extensions and targeting of activities for persons with a Disability or other special needs. Research investigation was attended by 40 of 165 originally polled bodies (educational and nonschool organizations, commercial businesses and non-profit organizations) in the 6 counties. 55 % of them carries out actions for persons with a disability, most commonly combined and physical. The children of school age are the main focused group, and it is a single (rather than annual) event is an educational and artistic focus. Although it is based on 97,5 % of organizations to implement meaningful events for persons with a Disability, has only 25 % of them plenty of information and resources for their implementation.
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Jallal, Mir Аbdul Kayum, L. M. Borshch, E. I. Vorobyova, O. G. Blazhevich, and A. R. Zharova. "Building a financial model in the ecosystem loop – creative spatial development of the region." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 13, no. 3 (2022): 494–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2022.13.3.494-512.
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Purpose: the purpose of this article is to develop and build a financial model in the outline of the ecosystem of the creative spatial development of the region based on the resource financial potential.Methods: in preparing the article a wide range of research methods were used, primarily the method of analysis and synthesis, graphic method, method of statistical analysis, as well as the method of grouping in the formation of an integrated approach.Results: in the process of research, the sources of additional financial resources for formation of a profitable part of the budget, namely at the expense of leasing of property and receipt of additional taxes from registration of regional lands, used by legal and physical persons were revealed. The significance of the application of an integrated approach in the process of formation of the consolidated budget: tax and non-tax revenues; investments in fixed capital; financial profits of enterprises and organizations after taxation; capital and reserves of enterprises, organizations. It was revealed that in municipalities one ruble of total financial resources brings profit in relation to the gross regional product in each municipality differently, because not everywhere are effectively used financial resources.Сonclusions and Relevance: this study reveals information about the main trends and opportunities for the development of the region, identifies its strengths and weaknesses. The analysis and conclusions are important for specialists of municipalities and investors when they make decisions on investing capital in the facilities of the region. The analysis and conclusions carried out are of great importance for specialists of municipalities and investors when they make decisions on investing capital in the objects of the region.
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Young, Gillian, Brian Dunne, Donnie Antony, et al. "Person-Centered Plans from the Perspective of Persons-Supported in a Community Care Organization." International Journal of Integrated Care 25 (April 9, 2025): 290. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic24130.
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Background: Person-centred plans (PCPs) are widely used in community care organizations and required for service providers in many jurisdictions, but there are very few guidelines, evidence, or formal evaluations of PCP creation and implementation practices. PHSS is a non-profit community-care organization in a large urban city in Ontario, Canada. Objective: To describe person-centred planning and implementation practices from the perspective of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and/or complex medical issues supported by community care organizations. Methods: We are an interdisciplinary team of researchers from Western University who partnered with PHSS. Our project team included community-care providers from PHSS and academic researchers. We involved PHSS staff at all stages of the study design, and persons-supported by PHSS were interviewed as part of the study. As part of a larger study evaluating the PCP process, we interviewed 18 persons-supported and 1 family member of a person-supported by PHSS. We asked participants about their goals, accomplishments, and experiences with the PCP process. We asked about the process used to create PCPs; examples of how the PCP is tailored to the individual; perceived benefits and challenges; and supports or barriers that facilitate or hinder the PCP process. Results: We identified three overall areas of the person-centred planning: 1) the process of creating a PCP, 2) PCP implementation, and 3) factors that support the creation and implementation of PCPs. PCPs are created annually with check-ins after 6 months. They are created through discussion with the person-supported, the staff who support them, friends, family, and community members. The PCP is shaped by the person-supported’s attributes including their likes, dislikes, and goals. PCPs could include different types of goals such as health-related goals, goals for daily living, and goals for hobbies and interests. The PCP goals are tracked both formally and informally. The process of creating the PCP is individualized and adaptable and centers the person-supported. The PCP creates a blueprint for daily activities with staff assisting persons-supported to participate in activities that align with goals and match preferences, personalities and capacities. Factors that facilitate the success of the PCP process include the nature of the person-supported’s goals, the person-supported’s capacity (i.e., physical and mental health status), and the organizational capacity (i.e., funding, staffing, organizational culture, and organizational infrastructure). Conclusions: This project offers a description of person-centred planning to improve standards of care and health equity for persons-supported by community-care organizations. Our next steps are to integrate findings from this study with findings from the other components of our project and to disseminate findings through knowledge translation strategies appropriate to the PHSS organization, other relevant community organizations, and policy stakeholders. Our findings will inform PCP process design and implementation for community care organizations both within Canada and globally. This project provides evidence for how person-centred planning can incorporate different types of goals and how those goals are translated into everyday supports for persons-supported in community care.
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Ab Wahid, Hariyaty, Asma Zulaikha Hishamuddin, and Rafiduraida Abd Rahman. "Social Entrepreneurship Approach Towards Leveraging Persons with Disabilities (PwD) in Malaysia." International Business Education Journal 16, no. 1 (2023): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37134/ibej.vol16.1.7.2023.
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Social entrepreneurship is an innovative approach to solving community problems. This social entrepreneurship approach is expected to be able to offer an alternative to providing sustainable employment opportunities to the disabled in Malaysia through the active involvement of SME traders in the social entrepreneurship movement. Traders are economic activists who have great potential to help improve the well-being of the disabled minority group who are facing employability problems considering that 19.3 percent of traders intend to hire more workers in the second quarter of 2022. Accordingly, the disabled group consisting of those with long-term physical deficiencies, mental, intellectual, or sensory needs to be considered to meet those needs. This conceptual paper aims to shed light on the types of social entrepreneurship approaches and how small and medium enterprise (SME) traders can help the disabled from the aspect of education and employability which in turn can improve their standard of living. Therefore, seven types of social entrepreneurship approach are discussed; nonprofit social entrepreneurship, for-profit social entrepreneurship, cooperative social entrepreneurship, social intrapreneurship, grassroots social entrepreneurship, corporate social entrepreneurship and social innovation incubators/accelerators. SME traders can help the disabled increase their employment opportunities by implementing inclusive hiring practices, providing reasonable accommodations, providing skill development training, offering mentoring and internship program, promoting accessibility in education, encouraging advocacy and awareness and practicing supplier diversity. The discussions and suggestions presented are expected to open a new lens to the social entrepreneurship movement among traders in this country.
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Mahendra Putra, I. Dewa Gede Aditya, I Nyoman Putu Budiartha, and Ni Komang Arini Styawati. "Pelaksanaan Perlindungan Hak-Hak Pekerja Penyandang Disabilitas Pada Badan Hukum Nirlaba Di Yayasan Bunga Bali." Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 3, no. 2 (2022): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/jkh.3.2.4809.264-269.
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 People with disabilities sometimes receive less attention or are often discriminated against. The expectations of persons with disabilities in obtaining employment are relatively low, compared to those without physical disabilities. Foundations have an important role in dealing with various problems that are currently occurring and the fulfillment of the rights of workers with disabilities has been obtained through the existence of foundations or non-profit organizations. This research was conducted to examine the implementation of the protection of the rights of workers with disabilities in the Non-Profit Legal Entity at the Bunga Bali Foundation. The method used in this research is an empirical method with a sociological approach. Sources of data used in the form of primary and secondary data. The data analysis method used in this research is a qualitative method. The results of this research reveal that all existing regulations have been implemented by the foundation, but some companies are not ready to have employees with conditions as persons with disabilities, making it difficult for the foundation to channel workers with disabilities to work outside the company and obstacles in fulfilling the rights for people with disabilities. workers with disabilities by a non-profit legal entity at the Bunga Bali foundation and if later there is an obstacle, the foundation will immediately discuss the existing obstacles and as soon as possible the foundation will find a way out.
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Adam, Jurczak, Spieszny Michał, Görner Karol, Jenek Bożena, and Wójcik Katarzyna. "SPORTS AND OTHER FORMS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE REHABILITATION OF THE DISABLED." Journal of Physical Education & Health 7, no. 12 (2018): 49–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4043440.
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Abstract The axiological values of sport are a cultural element uniting individuals in the rehabilitation of people with disabilities. Sport also plays an important role in the comprehensive restoration of lost functions, and its dissemination through media has led to it reaching a larger number of disabled people, influencing their choices and perceptions of reality. This is particularly important in view of the decreasing number of handicapped persons interested in practicing various sports or other forms of physical activity. Representation and the publicising of biographies and the achievements of athletes with disabilities and other people in what is broadly understood as physical culture is a proper method of promoting movement, which in the case of the disabled, becomes an additional means of their revalidation. Unfortunately, media coverage of many sporting events and other physical activities of people with disabilities has been underrepresented. There is also a lack of competition transmissions, including the Paralympic Games. This is because the media, in the pursuit of profit, do not shape proper attitudes towards disability in the public eye and poorly promote the profiles and achievements of disabled athletes.
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Сигида, Евгений, YEvgyeniy Sigida, Наталья Баклагина, et al. "Disability as a predictor of special needs for tourist services." Servis Plus 9, no. 2 (2015): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11313.
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In modern society, tourism is of great socio-cultural importance of forming new behavior algorithms of various categories of the population. The flow of tourists increases, more people appear with disabilities who remain limited mobility due to the presence of numerous social barriers that need to be adaptive conditions of consumption of tourist services in the framework of tourism, accessible to all. Involvement of disabled people in the tourism industry remains an unsolved problem. Persons with special needs in tourist services are among the switched off from society. Issues related to the provision of tourist services are resolved not to the full extent without the conditions for such activities. Information about opportunities for persons with disabilities in Russian is very limited. Use of tourism in the system of social protection remains the least affordable and little studied. At the same time, tourists with special needs in the travel services are potential customers for businesses, they can participate in the economic development, to make a profit. We believe that to a certain degree this is connected with insufficient development of theoretical and conceptual issues of adaptive tourism, which affects in particular the question of society´s attitude to such concepts as "human health" and "disability". Considering tourism as a complex adaptive relationship, social, psychological, medical, sports and recreation and other measures which are included in the content of tourism activities in providing tourism services for persons with special needs, the priority is allocated in a specific form of psychosocial work at all levels of the tourism industry. Adaptive tourism is focused on the study and implementation of subject-subject relationship that accompany the promotion tour. And it´s not only the elimination of barriers to the movement of the mechanical traveling. The question is about a particular way of working with people with special needs in tourist services. lack of attention to categories of people requiring special conditions in tourism, underdevelopment of appropriate infrastructure reduce the motivation for learning by those who in their professional activities would like to have specific tourist services to persons with disabilities. Adaptive tourism is based, on the one hand, on the general theory and methodology of social work, and on the other- on the technology of the organization of tourist activity and the concept of adaptive physical training (adaptive physical education, adaptive sports, adaptive motor recreation). Our research has allowed developing the scientific and theoretical basis of the concept of model-specific tourism activities and offers a training profile for psychosocial workers capable of organizational and managerial activities with persons with special needs in tourist services.
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Napirah, Muhammad Ryman, Muh Jusman Rau, and Hadi Jah. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARKETING MIX AND PATIENT LOYALTY IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT, ANUTAPURA PUBLIC HOSPITAL PALU." Public Health of Indonesia 2, no. 3 (2016): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36685/phi.v2i3.81.
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Background: The problem generally faced by hospital is unable to provide something really needed by the customers. One of the main factors is the poor marketing mix of hospital that impacts to low quality and influences the patients loyality.Objective: The research aims to investigate the relationship between marketing mix and patient loyalty in intensive care unit at Anutapura Public Hospital Palu.Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 97 persons who were randomly selected without considering the level of population. The data were analyzed thought univariat and bivariat on the significance level 95% (p0,05). The marketing mix concept of 7P (product, price, place, promotion, people, process, dan physical evidence). Was used to guide this study.Results: The result of chi-square test indicated that there was a relationship of marketing mix product (p= 0,01), price (p= 0,00), promotion (p= 0,04), people (p= 0,00); and no relationship of marketing mix place (p= 0,21), process (p= 1,00), dan physical evidence (p= 1,00) with patient loyalty.Conclusion: It is expected tht the hospital of Anutapura Palu could increase the strategy of marketing mix for the sake of keeping the patients loyalty as the profit value of the hospital, especially for marketing place, process, and physical evidence.
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YURCHENKO, O., and О. SVYRYDA. "The Role of Pricing in Taxation of Business Enterprises." Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/nasoa.3.2019.04.
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The problem of pricing is elaborated with respect to setting the tax base for calculating tax obligations (taxes and duties) assessed and paid by business enterprises by the general tax system. The role of the regular market price when calculating the tax base for national taxes (profit tax, value added tax, excise tax and tax on incomes of physical persons) is highlighted.
 It is shown that valuation of assets (property rights) is the process of estimating their cost on the date of valuation by the established procedure. The valuation can be performed by entities charged with valuation (legal entities, physical persons – entrepreneurs, state power bodies or local power bodies). Subject to valuation are assets (movable and immovable) and property rights (e. g. intellectual property rights, rights for use of nature resources etc.). The cases of obligatory expert valuation of assets are clarified in the course of the study; the valuation phases are substantiated in conformity to the national standards on valuation of assets and property rights.
 The notion of transfer pricing, occurring in time of transactions involving residents and non-residents that are subject to control by tax bodies in order to combat minimization of income tax, is defined. Economic transactions with a non-resident counterparty are identified as controlled ones by a payer of profit tax, when their result has no effect for a taxation object. An economic transaction will be identified as a controlled one, when it complies with two criteria set by the Tax Code of Ukraine: cost criterion (the volume of annual income and the volume of transactions with a counterparty) and status criterion (what is non-resident, whether or not it is related with a Ukrainian tax payer, where it is registered, what is its organizational and legal form, whether or not it pays profit tax and by what rate). The controlled transactions are subject to audit for the compliance of their prices with “arm’s length” principles, with the possibility of adjusting a transaction price for purposes of profit taxation in case of noncompliance. 
 International and national law establishes five main methods for price determination in the controlled transactions. The choice of method and texted party depends on the essence of transaction and the character of its parties’ interactions. The article gives a description of methods for calculating transfer prices used by tax bodies for auditing the correctness of estimated profit tax in the controlled transactions. The authors believe that the top one is the method of comparative non-controlled price, because it can be used when performing transactions on sales of goods with mass-scale demand, for which it is easier to find the data on analogous transactions of other companies on the commodity market and compare the conditions of such economic transactions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Bennett, Emily Jean. "Predictors of Physical Activity Among Persons With Multiple Sclerosis." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1983.
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Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease whose prevalence within the world's population is increasing. Symptoms of this disease are fatigue, loss of coordination, numbness and tingling, paralysis, and blindness. Currently there is no cure for the disease and, with its disabling variety and severity of symptoms, it is important to look for possibilities that could help slow its progression.
Physical activity is one health behavior that promises to slow the progression of the MS among persons afflicted with this disease. Research has revealed that an exercise program improves several measures of well-being, reduces fatigue, and improves strength. While physical activity has been suggested as a management tool, those with MS demonstrate lower levels of physical activity compared to those without MS in the U.S. population. This thesis investigates what influences individuals with MS to participate in physical activity. Its purpose is to look into the possibility that demographic, social hierarchy, social support, and psycho-social/personality characteristics may help predict physical activity regimens among persons with MS. Isolating the determinants of voluntary exercise in the MS subpopulation would enable clinicians and the public health community to develop effective policies and interventions that promote physical activity.
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McCallister, Ronald F. "Forensic Computing for Non-Profits: A Case Study for Consideration When Non-Profits Need to Determine if a Computer Forensic Investigation is Warranted." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/940.
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Thesis (M.S.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.<br>Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0831104-124226 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Asano, Miho. "Promoting exercise and physical activity among persons with multiple sclerosis." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97039.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurological disease afflicting mostly young adults in North America, predominantly women. MS has little effect on life span but significant effect on quality of life. Despite the known benefits of exercise, evidence shows that persons with chronic disabling conditions such as MS are less physically active. Considering this, a deeper understanding of persons with MS and their exercise engagements and concerns is a crucial first step. The first part of this thesis presents existing evidence and methodological issues associated with randomized controlled trials estimating the effects of exercise interventions among persons with MS. The second part identifies current exercise engagement, preferences, and barriers of 417 community-dwelling ambulatory persons with MS. A subset of this group participated in the semi-structured interviews and provided their feedback on the design of an exercise approach. This information was used to design the next phase of the project - a pilot randomized controlled study trial evaluating the feasibility and efficacy of the Multiple Sclerosis Tailored Exercise Program (MSTEP). The development of MSTEP is also demonstrated in the third part of the thesis. The fourth and last part presents two cases from people completing all phases of the MSTEP protocol. The results of the studies show that exercise preferences and barriers may be associated with one's decision to be physically active or inactive. The available data from the on-going pilot study of the MSTEP presents evidence supporting its feasibility (and some level of efficacy) from both the participants' and the scientific point of view. Furthermore, the favorable nature of the qualitative information obtained from the participants as well as the absence of reported injuries, accidents, or extreme fatigue due to exercise, both amplify our confidence in the MSTEP and its ability to promote active living and good health in this community.<br>La sclérose en plaques (SP) est une maladie neurologique progressive qui afflige principalement les jeunes adultes en Amérique du Nord et majoritairement les femmes. La SP a peu d'effet sur la durée de vie, mais a un effet significatif sur la qualité de vie. Bien que les bénéfices de l'exercice soient connus, il a été démontré que les personnes atteintes d'une maladie chronique, telle que la SP, sont physiquement moins actives. Considérant ces faits, une compréhension profonde des personnes atteintes de SP, de leur engagement face à l'exercice et de leur préoccupation représente une première étape cruciale. La première partie de cette thèse présente les preuves existantes ainsi que les problèmes méthodologiques associés aux études contrôlées randomisées qui mesurent l'effet des interventions impliquant l'exercice chez les personnes atteintes de SP. La seconde partie identifie les engagements actuels face à l'exercice, les préférences ainsi que les barrières de 417 personnes atteinte de SP vivant dans la communauté ambulatoire. Un sous-groupe de cette population a participé à des entrevues semi-structurées et ont donné leur avis sur l'élaboration d'un programme d'exercices. Cette information a été utilisée pour le développement de la phase suivante de ce projet – un projet pilot contrôlé randomisé évaluant la faisabilité et l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercices personnalisés pour la SP (« Multiple Sclerosis Tailored Exercise Program (MSTEP) ». Le développement du MSTEP est aussi démontré dans la troisième partie de cette thèse. La quatrième et dernière section présente le cas de deux participants ayant complété toutes les phases du programme MSTEP. Les résultats des études démontrent que les préférences ainsi que les barrières de l'exercice peuvent être associées avec la décision de chacun d'être physiquement actif ou non. Les données disponibles sur l'étude pilote en cours portant sur le MSTEP présentent des résultats supportant sa faisabilité (et un certain niveau d'efficacité) tant sur le point de vue des participants que celui scientifique. De plus, la nature favorable des informations qualitatives recueillies de la part des participants ainsi que l'absence de blessures rapportées, d'accidents ou d'extrême fatigue dû à l'exercice, amplifient notre confiance dans le MSTEP et sa capacité de promouvoir une vie active et une bonne santé dans cette population.
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Li, Kwai-yi Josephine. "Psychosocial predictors of successful adjustment of persons with physical disability." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29725677.
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Back, Jenny. "Profiles of Exercise Dependence – A person centred approach to study potential mechanisms." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Hälsa och idrott, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-31304.
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Takyi, Enock. "Barriers to Mainstream Participation of Persons with Disabilities: A Qualitative Study of Persons with Physical Disabilities in Techiman, Ghana." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-24381.
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This study uses data from qualitative interviews and focus group discussions to explore the lived experiences of persons with disabilities in Techiman, Ghana. The study found that persons with disabilities hardly enjoy equal rights and privileges as their able-bodied counterparts in the Ghanaian society. Parsons with disabilities in Ghana are often denied access to education, employment, healthcare, social activities, decision making, and leadership positions. Persons with disabilities are also less likely to be accepted in marriage. Discrimination against persons with disabilities result mainly from negative perceptions about disability, especially the perception that disability is either a sickness or a curse. Participants observed, however, that perceptions about disability, and the corresponding attitudes towards persons with disabilities, are improving recently mainly due to public education. As control measures, participants suggested vigorous public education campaigns aimed at cultural and ideological changes. Participants also suggested structural changes, particularly policies and legislations that would make public places accessible to persons with disabilities, and enhance the opportunities of persons with disabilities to take part in all decisions affecting them.
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Roomaney, Ayesha. "Assessing the right to physical access to justice, for persons with disabilities." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5981.
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Magister Legum - LLM (Public Law and Jurisprudence)<br>Access to justice for persons with disabilities is specifically safeguarded in a number of
international conventions, standards and recommendations. The Rights of Persons with
Disabilities to access to justice is explicitly referenced in Article 13 of the Convention on
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Access to justice was first formally referenced in
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(UDHR), which is a formative human rights
document, the term access to justice was not however specifically used to label the right
therein. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) also sets forth
this right in Article 14, which states that: "all persons should be equal before the courts
and tribunals." However in reality persons with disabilities, often lack access to justice
and equal protection of the law.
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Midjo, Malin Andrea. "The Association between Physical Activity and Lower Extremity Strength in Older Persons." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bevegelsesvitenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23110.
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Background and aim: Age-related physiological changes are well documented, such as loss of muscle fibers and muscle strength. Although there are many studies documenting the effect of resistance training on lower extremity strength, there has been less focus on the effect of general daily-life physical activity on lower extremity strength. The main purpose of the present study is therefore to investigate whether there is an association between general physical activity and lower extremity strength. Secondary aims are to investigate whether the relationship is different for self-reported and directly measured estimates of physical activity, for different estimates of lower extremity strength, and for different levels of physical activity. Possible gender differences will also be investigated. Methods: 486 men and women (mean age 71.5) performed a concentric functional chair rise task, Sit-to-Stand test, and an isometric leg press task as estimates of lower extremity strength. The participants filled out a questionnaire about physical activity based on the HUNT survey. Physical activity level was also measured directly using ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers. Results: There was a significant moderate association between the directly measured vertical acceleration and the movement of chair rise, and the intensity of daily physical activity and movement of chair rise. There was also a strong association between the parameters derived from ActiGraph, and moderate to strong associations between some of the questionnaire parameters. Between ActiGraph and the questionnaire parameters, there is a moderate association between the total number of activity minutes per week and vertical acceleration. In addition there was a moderate association between at least 30 minutes of activity per day and acceleration in all three directions. For the lower extremity strength parameters there was a strong association both within and across the different parameters for two tasks. Both genders reported to be less active than when their daily activity was directly measured by accelerometer. The men were more physically active and stronger in the lower extremities than the women. There was also an association between physical activity and lower extremity strength for both genders, but the association is stronger with respect to the men. Conclusion: There is an association between physical activity and lower extremity strength. There were significant findings for all of the paratmeters, but there was only a moderate association between both directly measured and self-reported physical activity and movement of chair rise. Finally, the participants are a rather active group, but tend to underestimate their activity level. There is also an association between physical activity and lower extremity strength for both genders.
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Splinter, Audrey Patricia. "An investigation into how elderly persons perceive elder Abuse." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6309_1276805303.
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<p>The international concern about human rights, gender equality, domestic violence and the increase in the aging populations has brought elder abuse into the public focus. Elder abuse is a complex, multi-faceted health, social, criminal justice, international public health and human rights issue. The widely divergent and varying definitions is a controversial problem to understanding elder abuse. The elderly have been excluded from national gender-based programs on domestic violence and the abuse of women and children. In South Africa victims of elder abuse are often physically and or cognitively unable to speak for themselves which necessitates that the public be empowered and trained to become advocates for the aged. Lachs &<br>Pillemer ( 2004 : 1265 ) states that &ldquo<br>the physical and psychological impairement of elder persons could be predisposing factors for elder abuse &ldquo<br>. Statistical evidence on the incidence and prevalence rates of elder abuse is lacking as elderly persons are reluctant to identify care givers for fear of abandonment, retaliation and being left destitute ( Lachs &<br>Pillemer, 2004 : 1265 ). Despite the Bill of Rights as set out in the South African Constitution and the Older Persons Act, No. 13 of 2006 which was developed to deal with the empowerment and protection of elder persons and promote and maintain their status, rights, safety, security and well being the abuse of elder person continues to occur ( Older Persons Act, No. 13 of 2006 ). This qualitative research study is allied with the phenomenological approach in an attempt to understand elder person&rsquo<br>s perception, viewpoints and perspectives from their lived experiences and personal lives. Three (3) focus group discussions and eighteen (18) one-on-one interviews were conducted with elder persons living in the suburbs of Cape Town. Data from participants were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim before an inductive analysis lead to the emergence of broad themes and patterns. The main findings of the research study concluded that elderly persons were informed but not empowered about financial, emotional and verbal abuse. The abuse of the elder person in old age homes also featured prominently. The findings of the research study can be used to provide education and empower elder persons and the general public on specific aspects related to elder abuse which are : Financial, Emotional, Verbal and the abuse by staff at old age homes. These findings could be utilized by health and social welfare advocates and organisations who offer community educational and development programs to advocate against elder abuse.</p>
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Fenech, Maria Aurora. "Physical restraint use within long term care settings for older persons in Malta." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/38980/.
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Purpose: To study this locally unexplored scenario and provide a platform of knowledge base and information on physical restraint use, securing relevant information of essence to the older person, care provider and policy makers within care homes. Aims and objectives: This dissertation focuses on care providers’ observations and perceptions concerning (a) the types of restraint devices used in government and privately managed long term care homes for older persons in Malta, (b) their mode and extent of application, (c) older person characteristics which may be conducive to physical restraint use, (d) older persons’ reactions to restraint use (e) care providers’ perceptions to physical restraint use within the context of work, environmental and safety concerns, and (f) how the effects of physical restraint use could influence the older person’s rights, autonomy and integrity. Relevance: The demand for long term care for older persons increases as the population ages. This, coupled with an increasing demand for human resources, aggravates the risk for less humane care for frail and vulnerable older persons. Person centred care is the fulcrum for the quality of service delivery in the care of older persons. It recognises the distinctiveness of each and every person irrespective of mental and functional capabilities, and moves away from the routine-driven, task-oriented and depersonalised services to focus on specific personal needs. Although there is an increasing international body of literature, exploring the concept of physical restraint use in care homes, there is a lack of research-based evidence exploring care providers’ holistic approach to physical restraint use in long term care settings in Malta. More importantly, published papers fail to captivate the human and humane elements of the physically restrained older person. The relevance of physical restraint use is central within care home environments. The knowledge of the framework within which this use operates is necessary for the establishment of a paradigm that places the older person within the hubs of her/his care. Study design: A questionnaire booklet incorporating quantitative and qualitative components was developed, designed and adopted. The questionnaire was anonymous and self-administered by care providers within all Maltese care homes (n=13), managed by the government and private sectors. All care providers within these care homes were eligible for study participation, (medical, allied health, nursing, and nursing support staff). Care providers have direct contact with the older persons, and are therefore in a position to provide first-hand information about the use of physical restraints. Participants were requested to complete and return ‘Physical Restraint Use’ (PRU) questionnaire booklet developed for this study. Four hundred and thirty four questionnaire booklets were distributed and 180 booklets were returned over a 3 month time frame, providing a response rate of 41.5%. Findings: A high observed incidence of physical restraint devices particularly for bed rails and harnesses was registered within both the government and privately managed care homes. Moreover, respondents acknowledged the use of 16 different types of devices, which raised questions as to multiple use of restraining. Privately managed care homes reported a slightly higher incidence of observed devices in use. The observed total duration of restraints in excess of 2 hours by far exceeded durations less than 2 hours in both government and privately managed care homes. Data pertaining to the private care homes points to the existence of potential continual application of restraint. With respect to observations of modalities of physical restraint use (person recommending, explaining, monitoring and deciding, and documentation), within government and privately managed care homes, a consistent statistically higher involvement of management staff in all of the procedures related to the use of restraining was reported. This was however not evident with respect to documenting restraint use within the private sector. Additionally family members/substitute decision makers had a greater influence on recommending restraint use and its removal within privately managed care homes. Nursing support staff offered a greater contribution to monitoring, documenting restraint use in private than in government managed care homes, whilst nurses in government homes contributed more to monitoring restraint use than their professional counterparts within private homes. Care providers’ attitudes on the use of restraining were reported to be the strongest advocators for using physical restraints within care homes, rather than issues related to older persons themselves such as mobility and physical limitations, cognitive problems, continence issues, problems with communication/hearing/vision and activity participation and pharmacological treatment. Respondents also acknowledged observing adverse reactions to restraint use. Care providers reported restlessness to be the most observed reaction from older persons to physical restraint use (87.9%), followed by physical and cognitive consequences (66.7%) and apathy (30.3%). Participants were uncertain that there would be no serious concerns related to work, environment, safety, and caring, should restraints be reduced, scoring between 3.0 and 4.0 on a 5-point Likert scale, with high scores expressing high concerns. Further analysis revealed that both care home sectors tended to favour least restraint use but were reluctant to remove restraint completely. Similarly, private care home respondents disagreed more than government care home respondents with the statement that the majority of physical restraints in use are necessary while nursing and nursing support staff showed a higher agreement with physical restraining being an invasion of a human right than did managers. Training did not impact on the use of restraining within the care homes. . Conclusion: This study highlighted the sensitivity surrounding physical restraint use. It substantiated published data and also offered novel contributions to the body of knowledge pertaining to the physical restraints and their use. Primarily, the study indicated that training had no impact to effecting restraint minimisation approaches within the care homes. Secondly, respondents acknowledged the use of 16 different types of restraining devices. Also, arguments that bed rail use was not considered a restraining device, having become unconditionally and unquestionably the accepted norm within care homes was corroborated through the high reported observed incidence of use. The study also offered a fresh insight into the modalities of physical restraint use, (recommendation to, explaining on, and monitoring/removing restraint device). Few insights into the impact of physical restraining on the human and humane aspects of older person care were captivated in this study, more so as the sensitivity surrounding physical restraining required that the investigation be carried out through care providers’ observations. This situation, within this project, was perhaps the biggest contribution yet, moreover when the study was indicative that care providers’ attitudes towards restraint use were reported to be the strongest advocator for their use. At its most basic level, physical restraining is tantamount to blocking or limiting a person’s free ability to move as she/he pleases, thus infringing on the older person’s human rights. Indeed, physical restraining is the inability of care providers’ to identify and address the needs of the older persons and provide innovative paradigms of care. Restraining implies a failure in people relationships and consequently in the system of care delivery. The message in the bottle must address the urgent provision for personalised services that enable the older person to make full decisions about her/his care through the support of care providers when called for and at later stages through advocates. It is only through these approaches that policies and guidelines could be put in place and managed effectively and efficiently.
Books on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Florence, Haseltine, Cole Sandra S. 1937-, and Gray David B, eds. Reproductive issues for persons with physical disabilities. Paul H. Brookes Pub. Co., 1993.
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Zovighian, Diane. Mapping inequity: Persons with physical disabilities in Jordan. ESCWA, 2009.
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President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports (U.S.), ed. Physical activity and fitness for persons with disabilities. President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, 1999.
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Elaine, Trefler, ed. Seating and mobility for persons with physical disabilities. Therapy Skill Builders, 1993.
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Council of Europe. Committee for the Development of Sport., ed. Sport for older persons. Committee for the Development of Sport, 1985.
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Liebhart, J. L. Obesity, nutrition, and physical activity in Wisconsin. Wisconsin Dept. of Health Services, Division of Public Health, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Program, 2008.
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1937-, Seligman Milton, ed. Counseling persons with physical disabilities: Theoretical and clinical perspectives. Pro-Ed, 1993.
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Padula, William V. A behavioral vision approach for persons with physical disabilities. Optometric Extension Program, 1988.
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Jansma, Paul. Special physical education: Physical activity, sports, and recreation. Prentice Hall, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Simons, Peter. "Persons and Other Physical Objects." In E. J. Lowe and Ontology. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003196341-13.
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Sesiano, Jacques. "Chapter (B–II) on Profits." In Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03940-4_46.
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Okuzumi, Hideyuki, Kouichi Haishi, and Mitsuru Kokubun. "Postural Sway in Normal and Mentally Retarded Persons." In Adapted Physical Activity. Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68272-1_23.
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Mayo, Nancy E., and Kedar K. V. Mate. "Quantifying Mobility in Quality of Life." In Quantifying Quality of Life. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94212-0_5.
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AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the evidence linking mobility to quality of life (QoL). The findings showed that the operationalization of QoL varied across studies covering measures of physical or mental health, general health perception, life satisfaction, participation, illness intrusiveness, health-related QoL (HRQL) and global quality of life. These outcomes are sometimes single items or uni-dimensional constructs and sometimes profile measures, rendering the interpretation of findings in our context difficult. This complexity led to a revelation that one could think of QOL of the person differently from the QoL of the body. QoL of the person is best reflected through global QOL measures including those of life satisfaction whereas QoL of the body is reflected in outcomes related to aspects of function including physical, emotional, or psychological impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions. This chapter will focus on the general construct of mobility, which is considered an activity limitation, and on the causes of limited mobility, impairments of structures and functions needed for mobility. A distinction is made between the between the person’s QoL and the body’s QoL. While the person’s QOL is best self-expressed, the body’s QOL could be monitored in real-time with the assistance of a growing portfolio of personal, wearable technologies. The chapter ends with thoughts about how QoL of the body, and especially mobility, could be monitored and what that future may look like.
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Musumeci, A., J. V. Papathanasiou, E. Lena, et al. "Physical Therapy Modalities for Older Persons." In Practical Issues in Geriatrics. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57406-6_10.
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Yamasaki, Masahiro, Takashi Komura, Kaoru Fujiie, Hisato Sasaki, Kenji Kai, and Keisuke Ohdoko. "Development of Pressure Sores in Active and Inactive Persons with Spinal Cord Injury." In Adapted Physical Activity. Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68272-1_11.
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Siller, Jerome. "The Measurement of Attitudes toward Physically Disabled Persons." In Physical Appearance, Stigma, and Social Behavior. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003308928-10.
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Cook, LaWanda H. "Accommodating Persons with Physical Disability in the Lab." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2018-1272.ch004.
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Devís-Devís, José, Elena López-Cañada, Sofía Pereira-García, Jorge Fuentes-Miguel, Alexandra Valencia-Peris, and Víctor Pérez-Samaniego. "Physical activity and sport among Spanish trans persons." In Sport, Identity and Inclusion in Europe. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003196761-19.
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Corcoran, Kevin. "Physical Persons and Postmortem Survival without Temporal Gaps." In Soul, Body, and Survival, edited by Kevin J. Corcoran. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501723520-014.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Umchid, Sumet, Veeraphab Sutthipibul, Arisara Vorapantrakool, Ponpalat Vipattipumiprates, and Thidarat Wangkham. "Development of Voice Controlled Wheelchair for Persons with Physical Disabilities." In 2024 9th International Conference on Automation, Control and Robotics Engineering (CACRE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cacre62362.2024.10635015.
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Gushi, Shotaro, Yuto Shimabukuro, and Hiroki Higa. "Robotic Arm System for Assisting Persons with Physical Disabilities to Drink Water." In 2024 9th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences (ICIIBMS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iciibms62405.2024.10792715.
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Fang, C. S., J. D. Garber, R. Perkins, and J. R. Reinhardt. "Computer Model of a Gas Condensate Well Containing Carbon Dioxide Phase II." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89465.
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Abstract Gas condensate wells are the most difficult of all producing wells to understand by the corrosion engineer. The reason for this is that the tools necessary to physically describe such a well require complex computer programs which typically operate on mainframe computers. A computer model which provides such a physical description has been developed. The model runs on an IBM compatible personal computer having 640K ram. The computer program contains six different parts and four of these have been described in detail. These four are the temperature-pressure profile, phase equilibrium, film thickness, and the corrosion rate models. They not only provide a physical description of the well, but also predict its life. The program has found usage in pinpointing corrosive areas of the production tubing and in predicting how various production parameters will affect tubing life.
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Vujisić, Dragan. "POTROŠAČ (I) KAO KORISNIK USLUGA U PRAKSI EVROPSKOG SUDA PRAVDE." In XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.795v.
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Consumer as a term in the in law of EU is not regulated in one place. It can be found in the most different places in the primary law of EU, in the secondary law of EU, as well as within the legal regulations of collision law of EU. From the view point of the secondary law,primarily, it is possible to claim that there is mainly formulated unique term of consumer in the law of EU. In the harmonization of the term of consumer the essential role was played by the judicial practice of the European Court of Justice. The subject and questions addressed to this Court were, among others whether the consumers status have also small non-profit legal persons, whether in application of regulations concerning consumers protection, in addition to objective criteria are also used subjective ones like knowledge, skill, information possessed by the physical person, whether the legal protection is available also to the persons concluding a consumer agreement with double purpose (within and outside a professional activity), whetter the consumers protection is privided also for the persons represented in the case by a lawyer, whether this protection is also provided for the communities of physical persons who do not possess the capacity of legal person, and others.
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Umbrico, Alessandro, Gabriella Cortellessa, Andrea Orlandini, and Amedeo Cesta. "Modeling Affordances and Functioning for Personalized Robotic Assistance." In 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2020}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2020/94.
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A key aspect of robotic assistants is their ability to contextualize their behavior according to different needs of assistive scenarios. This work presents an ontology-based knowledge representation and reasoning approach supporting the synthesis of personalized behavior of robotic assistants. It introduces an ontological model of health state and functioning of persons based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Moreover, it borrows the concepts of affordance and function from the literature of robotics and manufacturing and adapts them to robotic (physical and cognitive) assistance domain. Knowledge reasoning mechanisms are developed on top of the resulting ontological model to reason about stimulation capabilities of a robot and health state of a person in order to identify action opportunities and achieve personalized assistance. Experimental tests assess the performance of the proposed approach and its capability of dealing with different profiles and stimuli.
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Sjölinder, Marie, Elin Hollström, Hanna Rönntoft, Olov Ståhl, Anders Helin, and Victor Marklund. "Evaluation of an Interactive Solution for Reminiscence and Communication." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004890.
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Communication with older adults and/or people with cognitive impairments could be supported by gathered information about the person’s history or his/her preferences (Rehn, 2015). By using information about the persons preferences and wishes, the sense of belonging and the persons social identity could be strengthened (Turner, 1999). Digital tools addressing this area often consist of static information about the older adult, and they do not consider that we as human beings constantly are changing (Sjölinder et al., 2023). Further, most of these tools have the focus on providing information to the care giving staff instead of being a tool that can be used together and create an experience.In an ongoing project an interactive solution that supports reminiscence and communication with older adults was developed. The solution consists of hardware units in terms of a tablet, interactive devices and a charging station that is combined with a removable tray. The tablet is used for interaction and communication with the system. By using the tablet, general collections of discussion topics can be accessed. The system also has the possibility to gather information and create personal profiles. The information for the personal profiles is gathered by using the tablet to play simple mini games. For example, the older adults can play a mini game where they are presented to items and give these items thumb up or thumb down. Based on the answers a personal profile is built up. The interactive devices are physical devices resembling stones in the size of approximately 15 cm. The devices (“the stones”) have a screen were text or images can be presented. They also have light emitting diodes for conveying different moods and the possibility to play sounds. From the tablet, collections of content can be sent to the stones that presents the items on the screen to provide topics for the conversation. The charging station consists of a part that can be removed (the tray). The aim of this is to make it possible to carry around several stones at the same time. This paper will present a study examining the usage of the solution described above. The study was conducted in collaboration with older adults and staff at a nursing home in Sweden. In one part of the study, the researchers used the solution in the interaction with the older adults. In the other part of the study the staff at the nursing home used the solution in the interaction with the older adults. In both cases two sessions were held with each older adult, one to gather information (playing the mini games), and one session where the gathered content was used in a conversation. After each session with the older adults, questions were asked about the usage of the solution and about aspects related to how they have perceived the solution and the situation. After the sessions that was held between older adults and care giving staff similar questions were given, but in these interviews questions about the care givers perspective were added.ReferencesRehn, A. (2015). Life stories as a method for developing daily activities. FoU-report 77:2015.Sjölinder, M., Hollström, E., Rönntoft, H. (2023). Life Stories – Developing an Interactive Solution for Reminiscence and Communication. In: Jay Kalra (eds) Human Factors in Aging and Special Needs. AHFE (2023) International Conference. AHFE Open Access, vol 88. AHFE International, USA.http://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003660Turner, J. C. (1999). Some current issues in research on social identity and self-categorization theories. In: Ellemers, N.; Spears, R.; Doosje, B. (Eds.).Social Identity: 6–34.
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Senthilnathan, A., P. Palanivel, and M. Sowmiya. "Intelligent stick for visually impaired persons." In PHYSICAL MESOMECHANICS OF CONDENSED MATTER: Physical Principles of Multiscale Structure Formation and the Mechanisms of Nonlinear Behavior: MESO2022. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0144287.
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Popescu, Dragica. "Naknada štete zbog povrede subjektivnih prava na internetu." In Prouzrokovanje štete, naknada štete i osiguranje. Institut za uporedno pravo, Udruženje za odštetno pravo, Pravosudna akademija, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/zr_23.ons.13.
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When the information posted on users’ social media profiles is detrimental, because it hurts a person’s possessions (either personal image or assets), the point of occurrence of the detrimental act does not have to be identical to the place where the detrimental consequence occurred, as it is the case when a person’s physical integrity is violated. Even though the place where the detrimental act occurs is social networks, as well as media, it can happen anywhere in the world when it comes to personal image as an object of immaterial rights (honor, reputation, identity,privacy), the place of occurrence of a detrimental consequence with non-material damage is the place where the legal owner is located. That is the reason why, besides the court with general local jurisdiction, in order for the applicable law and the amenable court to be applied in the process of non-material damages compensation following the immaterial rights infringement on social media, the place where the detrimental consequence (mental anguish, physical pain, as well as fear) occurs is relevant. Contrary to that, if a person’s assets are infringed by the content posted on social media, the relevant place is where the person’s assets are, that is, where the center of their daily living is, whether they have multiple dwellings, whether material damage does not refer to immovable assets, but to bank accounts and alike.
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Pashkov, Vyacheslav Konstantinovich R. "METHOD FOR ASSESSING PHYSICAL HEALTH INDEX IN ELDERLY PERSONS." In Наука и социум. Автономная некоммерческая организация дополнительного профессионального образования "Сибирский институт практической психологии, педагогики и социальной работы", 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38163/978-5-6043859-4-4_2020_96.
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Lange, E., D. Kucharski, K. Svensson, S. Svedlund, I. Gjertsson, and K. Mannerkorpi. "OP0258-HPR Intensive physical exercise for elderly persons with rheumatoid arthritis improves physical capacity." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2721.
Full textReports on the topic "Profits of physical persons"
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Williams, Ann. Physical illness and depression: changes over time in middle aged and elderly persons. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.540.
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Yagci Sokat, Kezban. Understanding the Role of Transportation in Human Trafficking in California. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2108.
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Human trafficking, a form of modern slavery, is the recruitment, transport, and/or transfer of persons using force, fraud, or coercion to exploit them for acts of labor or sex. According to the International Labor Organization, human trafficking is the fastest growing organized crime with approximately $150 billion in annual profits and 40.3 million individuals trapped in slave-like conditions. While it is not compulsory to involve transportation for human trafficking, the transportation industry plays a critical role in combating human trafficking as traffickers often rely on the transportation system to recruit, move, or transfer victims. This multi-method study investigates the role of transportation in combatting human trafficking in California by conducting a survey followed up with semi-structured in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. The expert input is supplemented with labor violations and transit accessibility analysis. Experts emphasize the importance of education, training, and awareness efforts combined with partnership, data, and analysis. Screening transportation industry personnel for human trafficking is another step that the industry can take to combat this issue. Particularly, sharing perpetrator information and transportation related trends among transportation modalities and local groups could help all anti-trafficking practitioners. In addition, the transportation industry can support the victims and survivors in their exit attempts and post/exit life. Examples of this support include serving as a safe haven, and providing transportation to essential services. Transportation should ensure that all of these efforts are survivor-centric, inclusive for all types of trafficking, and tailored to the needs of the modality, population, and location.
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Sánchez-Pájaro, Andrés, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez, and Carolina Pérez-Ferrer. Social and built environment interventions to prevent alcohol, tobacco, and legal cannabis use: a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0101.
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Eligibility criteria: We will use the following inclusion criteria: 1) Document must mention by name or describe at least one intervention, strategy, program or policy to prevent alcohol, tobacco and legal cannabis use. 2) Document must contain enough information for the researchers to determine if the intervention, strategy, program or policy was aimed at modifying the social and/or built environment. 3) Intervention, strategy, program or policy must have been aimed at modifying the social and/or built environment, using the following definitions: Social environment: “…the immediate physical surroundings, social relationships, and cultural milieus within which defined groups of people function and interact…Social environments can be experienced at multiple scales, often simultaneously, including households, kin networks, neighborhoods, towns and cities, and regions…”; Built environment: “the surroundings or conditions designed and built through human intervention, where a person lives or operates”. 4) Document must mention that intervention/strategy/program/policy has been implemented within the last 30 years (1992-2022), whatever the setting, time frame, or subpopulation. 5) Document must be within the body of scientific literature (peer-reviewed articles, research journal commentaries, editorials, or perspective pieces), be a published book or book chapter, a government, multinational organization or non-profit organization report, or a dissertation/thesis. 6) Document must not be a conference abstract, public letter, speech transcript, budget report, independent website post or blog, or news article. 7) Document must be in English or Spanish. 8) Document must be open-source, publicly available online, or accessible through the INSP’s library services.
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Mirabelli, Alan. What’s in a Name? Defining Family in a Diverse Society. The Vanier Institute of the Family, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/opcw1812e.
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For more than 50 years, the Vanier Institute of the Family has served as a national resource dedicated to exploring and understanding Canada’s diverse families. During this time, the Institute has sought to enhance and mobilize knowledge through research that documents the richness and complexity of families, family life, and family experiences, expectations and aspirations. A central component of this research has been the functional definition of family used by the Institute since the late 1980s. The Vanier Institute defines a family as any combination of two or more persons who are bound together over time by ties of mutual consent, birth and/or adoption or placement, and who together assume responsibilities for variant combinations of some of the following: physical maintenance and care of group members; addition of new members through procreation, adoption or placement; socialization of children; social control of members; production, consumption, distribution of goods and services; and affective nurturance (i.e. love).
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Gouem, Tonguim Aimé Césaire. Adapting Programming to Major Insecurity in Burkina Faso. Institute of Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19088/slh.2024.010.
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This case study documents experience from SNV in the Eastern region of Burkina Faso during the COVID-19 pandemic. Insecurity led to high numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) arriving in programme areas, impacting WASH implementation efforts, for example disrupting behavioural changes that had become a given in some communities, and putting increasing pressure on the use of water points and sanitation facilities. Many communities became inaccessible overnight due to insecurity, making standard implementation processes impossible for project staff. Communities were also experiencing increased climate shocks such as flooding, storms and droughts; and struggling with construction in a tough physical environment with rocky ground. Insecurity and climate shocks exacerbated gender inequality and had a disproportionate impact on girls and women, compounded still further if they were also IDPs. During the pandemic, programme areas were not accessible for programme staff, and adaptations were made to enable implementation to continue with remote support. Successful initiatives included training of existing village or neighbourhood sanitation committees (CAVQs) to undertake triggering, remote monitoring, and development of post-ODF action plans that incorporated IDPs; integration of IDPs and women into sanitation committees; introduction of village savings and loans associations (VSLAs) to increase the purchasing power of communities and female-headed households; and training masons to develop adaptations to meet the challenging physical conditions in the area.
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Picciotto, Sol. The Contested Shaping of International Tax Rules: The Growth of Services and the Revival of Fractional Apportionment. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.014.
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The digitalisation of the economy has spotlighted fundamental flaws in international tax rules, which have been exacerbated since the 1970s with the wider shift to the services economy and the growth of international services. These systemic flaws have been more evident from the perspective of countries that are mainly importers of services that have tried to retain rights to tax profits at the source from which they derive. While they succeeded in retaining a wider scope for source taxation, key provisions have been subject to continuing conflicts and contestation over their formulation and interpretation, leaving a legacy of ambiguity and confusion. Digitalisation has now sparked a dramatic reversal of perspective by more developed countries and an acceptance of principles they have long resisted: that taxation of transnational corporations can be based on apportionment of an appropriate fraction of their global income and can be by countries from where they derive income, regardless of physical presence. This paper outlines the contested process that has shaped the formulation of key provisions on taxation of international services, discusses the recent moves to reshape these rules and evaluates some policy options for capital-importing countries to strengthen their taxing rights in the current context.
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Ross, Peter, Samantha Scott, and Marie Noël. A water quality snapshot of Grafton Lake, Bowen Island. Raincoast Conservation Foundation, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70766/31.2601.
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Water is essential for life, and steps are needed to understand, protect and restore its health throughout British Columbia (BC). The Raincoast Healthy Waters program (Raincoast Conservation Foundation) was launched in 2023 and conducts community-oriented water pollution monitoring in partnering BC watersheds. The Healthy Waters team conducted a one-time visit to sample water at the outflow from Grafton Lake on Bowen Island (Figure 1), BC, on October 8, 2024. This ‘snapshot’ assessment was used to compare against the more comprehensive sampling done in other watersheds, and contributes to an understanding of threats to water quality, monitoring options and action priorities for the community. The composite sample was analysed for coliform, nutrients (6), physical parameters, metals (37), pesticides (62), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 76), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs; 141), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 209), alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs; 4), bisphenols (BPs; 6), per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS; 40), and sucralose. Results for the tire chemical breakdown product 6PPD-Quinone are pending. Results from Grafton Lake were compared to samples collected from source water (i.e. above built-up environments and generally an upstream reference sample for the watershed) in 12 other BC watersheds. Results were also compared to pertinent Drinking Water Quality Guidelines from Health Canada (n=35), Environmental Quality Guidelines from BC (n=56), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (n=43), and Federal Environmental Quality Guidelines (n=7). We detected 125 contaminants out of 587 measured in Grafton Lake, excluding nutrients, fecal coliform and physical parameters. Grafton Lake ranked 8th most contaminated overall out of 21 source water samples from 12 watersheds in BC. This ranking was driven by relatively high concentrations of the human waste tracer sucralose (ranked 1 of 21), PCBs (3 of 21), PAHs (3 of 21), PPCPs (6 of 21), and PFAS (6 of 21). There were no exceedances of available Drinking Water Guidelines (for which we have Guidelines for just 6% of our analytes) or Environmental Quality Guidelines (for which we have Guidelines for just 10% of our analytes). This lake is an important source of drinking water for Bowen island, as well as habitat for coho salmon and cutthroat trout. A combination of human waste and atmospheric deposition of pollutants into a relatively shallow lake (average depth 8.8 m; maximum depth 16 m; perimeter 14.7 km2) appear to be driving water quality profiles in Grafton Lake. These initial findings point to the value of monitoring and enhanced protection measures for this important water body on Bowen Island, which serves people, fish and wildlife.
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Fabiani, Beatrice, Marco Stampini, Natalia Aranco, Fiorella Benedetti, and Pablo Ibarrarán. Caregivers for Older People: Overburdened and Underpaid: Evidence from an Inter-American Development Bank Survey in Latin America and the Caribbean. Version 1: June 2024. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013053.
Full textAbstract:
Human resources are essential to ensure the quality of long-term care. Yet, there are many things we do not know about the wellbeing, the working conditions, and the training of the caregivers for older people. Our work aims to fill some of the existing knowledge gaps by analyzing new data on the conditions of paid and unpaid caregivers in Latin America and the Caribbean. The new data is generated by a continuous self-administered online survey created by the Inter-American Development Bank, implemented since November 2023 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish in 25 countries. The results highlight the vulnerability of both paid and unpaid caregivers. Paid caregivers typically earn the minimum wage or less. A notable percentage reports episodes of verbal (39%) or physical abuse (14%). Three in ten received no training. Unpaid caregivers are not better off. 31% report feelings of depression and 44% say they had to stop working to provide care for their relatives. Only one in five had any formal training. Given that most long-term carers are women, these results have important implication for gender equality. The findings underscore the pressing need for policies to develop skills and improve working conditions and wellbeing of caregivers, which is further exacerbated by rapid population aging in the region. By shedding light on these critical issues, this work is relevant for the design and implementation of care policies that improve the wellbeing of both older persons and their caregivers.
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Samuel Jegede, Ayodele, Isaac Olawale Albert, and Adeniran Aluko. Key Considerations: Post-Trauma Impacts in Conflict-Affected Communities in Northern Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.062.
Full textAbstract:
Since 2009, the Boko Haram insurgency has become the most prominent source of violence in northern Nigeria, particularly affecting the north-east. The group’s activities, including bombings, assassinations, and mass abductions, have resulted in over two million people being displaced and a severe humanitarian crisis.1,2 Clashes between farmers and herders over land and resources in central Nigeria have spread to northern states, intensifying the existing humanitarian crisis.2 In addition, north-west Nigeria regularly experiences banditry that is characterised by kidnappings for ransom, armed robbery and village raids. The prevalence of violence has destabilised the northern region with severe physical, emotional, social and psychological consequences. Trauma is the lasting emotional response that often results from living through a distressing event. This emotional response may harm an individual’s feeling of safety, sense of self and ability to regulate their emotions and navigate relationships. These changes may result in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).3,4 In Nigeria, individuals who have experienced psychological trauma and who can be said to be experiencing PTSD from a biomedical perspective remain largely untreated. In 2014, the conflict in northern Nigeria received global attention with the ‘Bring Back Our Girls’ campaign in response to the mass kidnapping of 276 female students in Chibok.5 The military action and the establishment of camps for displaced persons that came with this global attention increased Nigeria’s reliance on aid from humanitarian agencies.5 Despite the expansion of humanitarian services in the northern conflict zones since 2014, access to conflict-affected populations remains challenging due to the increasing and expanding security crisis. Humanitarian operations are hindered by inadequate service delivery as a result of the lack of strong and concerted advocacy for coordinated efforts across international diplomatic and humanitarian actors. This brief examines trauma in northern Nigeria, comparing the biomedical framing of PTSD with the social science understanding of the drivers of and possible solutions for mental health impacts of trauma. The brief also describes the management of humanitarian service operations in the northern conflict zones. The brief draws on the SSHAP workshop ‘Health and Humanitarian Issues in the Conflict Context in Northern Nigeria’ (held in April 2024), consultation with humanitarian service delivery experts and humanitarian researchers active in or knowledgeable about the region and its conflict, and academic and grey literature.
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.
Full textAbstract:
Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.