Academic literature on the topic 'Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic'

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Journal articles on the topic "Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic"

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Smoczek, Jarosław, and Janusz Szpytko. "The Application of a Neuro-Fuzzy Adaptive Crane Control System." Journal of Konbin 14-15, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10040-008-0182-8.

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The Application of a Neuro-Fuzzy Adaptive Crane Control SystemThe unconventional methods, mostly based on fuzzy logic, are often addressed to a problem of anti-sway crane control. The problem of practical application of those solutions is important owing to come the growing expectations for time and precision of transportation operations and exploitation quality of material handling devices. The paper presents the designing methods of an adaptive anti-sway crane control system based on the neuro-fuzzy controller, as well as the software and hardware equipments used to aid the programming realization the fuzzy control algorithm on a programmable logic controller (PLC). The proposed application of control system was tested on the laboratory model of an overhead traveling crane.
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Wang, H., J. P. T. Mo, and N. Chen. "Hybrid Fuzzy Logic Algorithm for Position Control of Pneumatic Actuator With 3/2-Way Solenoid Valves." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 210, no. 2 (March 1996): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_183_02.

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Pneumatic positioning devices are inexpensive and also have the advantages of high speed and cleanliness. However, due to the non-linearity of the working medium, pneumatic actuators are not commonly used in industry for programmable positioning applications. Recent researches in this area are mainly concentrated on using expensive servo valves as the control element. However, the systems generally have the problems of instability and load sensitivity. In this paper, a pneumatic cylinder is controlled by a series of low-cost two-state solenoid valves. The components in the system are taken from commercial stock items that do not have the tight tolerance demanded by traditional control methodologies. The inaccuracies of the components are compensated by a hybrid fuzzy logic algorithm which incorporates additional fuzzy pulse width modulation and small deviation control logics to achieve high accuracy and repeatability at all stroke positions.
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Ali, Abdul-Jabbar, Wael Zayer, and Samhar Shukir. "Fuzzy Logic Controller Based DVR For Power Quality Improvement under Different Power Disturbances with Non-Linear Loads." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.15.2.6.

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The power quality problems can be defined as the difference between the quality of power supplied and the quality of power required. Recently a large interest has been focused on a power quality domain due to: disturbances caused by non-linear loads and Increase in number of electronic devices. Power quality measures the fitness of the electric power transmitted from generation to industrial, domestic and commercial consumers. At least 50% of power quality problems are of voltage quality type. Voltage sag is the serious power quality issues for the electric power industry and leads to the damage of sensitive equipments like, computers, programmable logic controller (PLC), adjustable speed drives (ADS). The prime goal of this paper is to investigate the performance of the Fuzzy Logic controller based DVR in reduction the power disturbances to restore the load voltage to the nominal value and reduce the THD to a permissible value which is 5% for the system less than 69Kv. The modeling and simulation of a power distribution system have been achieved using MATLABL/Simulink. Different faults conditions and power disturbances with linear and non-linear loads are created with the proposed system, which are initiated at a duration of 0.8 sec and kept till 0.95 sec.
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Noorsal, Emilia, Saharul Arof, Saiful Zaimy Yahaya, Zakaria Hussain, Daniel Kho, and Yusnita Mohd Ali. "Design of an FPGA-Based Fuzzy Feedback Controller for Closed-Loop FES in Knee Joint Model." Micromachines 12, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12080968.

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Functional electrical stimulation (FES) device has been widely used by spinal cord injury (SCI) patients in their rehab exercises to restore motor function to their paralysed muscles. The major challenge of muscle contraction induced by FES is early muscle fatigue due to the open-loop stimulation strategy. To reduce the early muscle fatigue phenomenon, a closed-loop FES system is proposed to track the angle of the limb’s movement and provide an accurate amount of charge according to the desired reference angle. Among the existing feedback controllers, fuzzy logic controller (FLC) has been found to exhibit good control performance in handling complex non-linear systems without developing any complex mathematical model. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the implementation of FLC in hardware embedded systems. Therefore, in this paper, a digital fuzzy feedback controller (FFC) embedded in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) board was proposed. The digital FFC mainly consists of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) Data Acquisition and FLC sub-modules. The FFC was designed to monitor and control the progress of knee extension movement by regulating the stimulus pulse width duration to meet the target angle. The knee is expected to extend to a maximum reference angle setting (70°, 40° or 30°) from its normal position of 0° once the stimulus charge is applied to the muscle by the FES device. Initially, the FLC was modelled using MATLAB Simulink. Then, the FLC was hardcoded into digital logic using hardware description language (HDL) Verilog codes. Thereafter, the performance of the digital FLC was tested with a knee extension model using the HDL co-simulation technique in MATLAB Simulink. Finally, for real-time verification, the designed digital FFC was downloaded to the Intel FPGA (DE2-115) board. The digital FFC utilized only 4% of the total FPGA (Cyclone IV E) logic elements (LEs) and required 238 µs to regulate stimulus pulse width data, including 3 µs for the FLC computation. The high processing speed of the digital FFC enables the stimulus pulse width duration to be updated every stimulation cycle. Furthermore, the implemented digital FFC has demonstrated good control performance in accurately controlling the stimulus pulse width duration to reach the desired reference angle with very small overshoot (1.4°) and steady-state error (0.4°). These promising results are very useful for a real-world closed-loop FES application.
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Jackson, Peter F. "Book Reviews: Programmable Logic Devices and Logic Controllers:." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 34, no. 2 (April 1997): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099703400219.

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Berlik, S. A., V. A. Melnikov, A. S. Ivanov, A. G. Sergushev, and A. V. Yakovlev. "Programmable logic controller based on the Russian hardware components." Radio industry (Russia) 30, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2413-9599-2020-30-4-125-144.

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Problem statement. A programmable logic controller is a key tool for automating technological processes and production in the energy sector, transport infrastructure, industry, agriculture, housing and communal services. In the article the development of a programmable logic controller based entirely on domestic hardware components is considered.Objective. To offer circuit solutions that allow developing a programmable logic controller using domestic hardware components exclusively.Results. Schematic solutions and achieved technical parameters of programmable logic controller are presented. The controller was developed entirely on the domestic element base at the enterprise JSC “Avangard” (St. Petersburg). The parameters of the controller correspond to the main indicators of the technical assignment for its development during the implementation of the Comprehensive Project under the State Program of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation.Practical implications. Production of programmable logic controllers based on the domestic hardware components exclusively solves the national goal of import substitution of devices of this class.
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He, Fang. "The Study on Field Programmable Gate Array Based on PID Controllers in Real Time." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 1923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.1923.

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In the present work PID control and the fuzzy logic based intelligent control is used to control the rectilinear plant vibrations. PID controller in real time mode is implemented on FPGA. For implementation of fuzzy logic based intelligent controller the FPGA is used as real time data acquisition (DAQ) platform and the fuzzy controller is implemented on the host PC. The sole reason for using FPGA as data acquisition platform was that the LabVIEW FPGA software module is not supporting the complex mathematics required for the fuzzy logic control and also the rectilinear plant interface with the traditional DAQ was not available. The comparative study of performance of intelligent controllers like fuzzy PD and fuzzy PI+ fuzzy PD is done with the conventional controllers on the basis of above mentioned performance indices. The result of the fuzzy PI + fuzzy PD controller is found to be the best among all.
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Ivanova, V., N. Rozhentcova, E. Gracheva, and A. Udaratin. "Development of an automated control system for 6/0.4 kV transformer substation with automatic transfer switch using standard IEC 61131-3." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801105.

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This work is devoted to the development of an automated transfer switch (ATS) for the 6/0.4 kV substation. The work is relevant due to the introduction of automation and the replacement of electromechanical equipment with microprocessor devices in the power systems. At the lower (field) level, automation is driven by the use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and various smart sensors. The possibility of using modular PLC in automation systems is considered. Developed are an algorithm and a program for the implementation of automated regulation of the application of automatic transfer switches at a substation using the recommendations of the IEC 61131.3 “Programming languages of programmable logic controllers” standard.
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Wang, Chih-Hsuan, and Hui-Shan Wu. "A novel framework to evaluate programmable logic controllers: a fuzzy MCDM perspective." Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 27, no. 2 (January 5, 2014): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10845-013-0863-6.

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Azkarate, Igor, Mikel Ayani, Juan Carlos Mugarza, and Luka Eciolaza. "Petri Net-Based Semi-Compiled Code Generation for Programmable Logic Controllers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 7161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11157161.

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Industrial discrete event dynamic systems (DEDSs) are commonly modeled by means of Petri nets (PNs). PNs have the capability to model behaviors such as concurrency, synchronization, and resource sharing, compared to a step transition function chart or GRAphe Fonctionnel de Commande Etape Transition (GRAFCET) which is a particular case of a PN. However, there is not an effective systematic way to implement a PN in a programmable logic controller (PLC), and so the implementation of such a controller outside a PLC in some external software that will communicate with the PLC is very common. There have been some attempts to implement PNs within a PLC, but they are dependent on how the logic of places and transitions is programmed for each application. This work proposes a novel application-independent and platform-independent PN implementation methodology. This methodology is a systematic way to implement a PN controller within industrial PLCs. A great portion of the code will be validated automatically prior to PLC implementation. Net structure and marking evolution will be checked on the basis of PN model structural analysis, and only net interpretation will be manually coded and error-prone. Thus, this methodology represents a systematic and semi-compiled PN implementation method. A use case supported by a digital twin (DT) is shown where the automated solution required by a manufacturing system is carried out and executed in two different devices for portability testing, and the scan cycle periods are compared for both approaches.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic"

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Mohan, Ashwin. "A fuzzy controller developed in RSLogix 5000 using ladder logic and function blocks implemented on a Control Logix PLC /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1420941.

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Parrott, Curtis Alan. "Real-time reconfiguration of programmable logic controller communication paths." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Parrott_09007dcc806c2c91.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed November 17, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 53).
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Chan, Ka Yeung. "Reconfigurable control system design for mass customization /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202002%20CHAN.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-112). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Caw, Joseph E. "The interfacing of simulation software with a programmable logic controller using two simulation models." Ohio : Ohio University, 1999. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175889389.

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Legaspe, Edinei Peres. "Controlador fuzzy de código aberto para uso em controladores programáveis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-30072013-214419/.

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Sistemas de controle fuzzy são amplamente empregados na indústria de controle de processos. Normalmente controlando variáveis analógicas, tais como pressão, temperatura, vazão, posição e velocidade. Hoje existem diversas soluções de mercado que permitem o uso da lógica fuzzy em CPs (Controladores programáveis). Porém essas soluções são proprietárias e de custo elevado. Adicionalmente existe a norma IEC 61131-7, introduzida no ano de 2000, que especifica sistemas fuzzy em CPs, onde a mesma define um conjunto de regras que permite a definição de algoritmos fuzzy independente do hardware de um fabricante de CPs. A adoção da norma IEC 61131-7 não vem acontecendo de uma maneira rápida, devido a diversos fatores, mas principalmente, por já existirem soluções proprietárias e personalizadas fornecidas pelos fabricantes de CPs. Portanto, a contribuição deste trabalho é um método de desenvolvimento de controladores fuzzy por retroalimentação usando como solução um sistema de código aberto ou livre. Este método propõe o uso de uma arquitetura de controle distribuído envolvendo PCs (Computadores pessoais) e CPs. A construção do controlador fuzzy foi feita em linguagem Java e liberada sobre licença de código aberto, assim permitindo o seu uso de forma gratuita em uma grande variedade de aplicações industriais. O método é baseado na norma IEC 61131-7 para a aplicação da lógica fuzzy em sistemas de automação industrial. Diversos testes foram realizados, tais como testes de mesa do software de controle, e até em uma planta real para validação de software de controle em operação real. Com os resultados dos testes foram obtidas diversas curvas de resposta no tempo, que permitem a avaliação do controlador e do software de controle. Após a execução dos testes e verificado o comportamento obtido pelas curvas, foi constatada a compatibilidade do software construído com a norma IEC 61131-7, assim permitindo o seu uso em outras aplicações.
Fuzzy control systems are largely applied at the processes control industry, usually controlling analogic variables, such as, pressure, temperature, outflow, position and speed. Nowadays, there are several market solutions which allow the Fuzzy Logic usage in PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), therefore, these solutions are proprietary and have a high cost. Additionally, there is the IEC 61131-7 standard, introduced in 2000, which specifies Fuzzy systems in PLCs. It defines a set of rules which allow the Fuzzy definition regardless of the hardware from the PLCs manufacturer. The adoption of the IEC 61131-7 standard is not happening effectively, due to many factors, but mainly because there are already proprietary and customized solutions provided by the PLCs manufacturers. The contribution provided by this report, is a method of Fuzzy control development by feedback using as solution, a free or open source code system. This method proposes the usage of a distributed control architecture involving both PCs (Personal Computers) and PLCs. The building of the Fuzzy controller was made in Java language and released under open source code license, allowing its use to be free in a great variety of industrial applications. The method is based on the IEC 61131-7 standard for the Fuzzy logic application in industrial automation. Several tests were performed, such as, software control table test, and even in a real plant for control software validation in a real operation. With the tests results were obtained quite a few response curves at time, which allow the evaluation of the controller and of the control software. After the tests executions and the verifying of the behavior obtained by the curves, it was stated the compatibility of the built software with the IEC 61131-7 standard, admitting it to be used in other applications.
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Ribeiro, Luiz Gustavo. "Lógica fuzzy aplicados ao registro de alarmes e eventos em subestações no padrão IEC 61850." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-14072016-144257/.

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A aplicação de técnicas de Inteligência artificial em sistemas elétricos de potência permite a resolução de problemas onde soluções tradicionais não mostram bons resultados. Por exemplo, após a ocorrência de uma falta, um sistema automatizado toma todas as medidas necessárias para proteger o sistema e assumir um estado seguro de operação. Nessa ocasião, cabe aos operadores verificar todas as mensagens e dados disponíveis, selecionando aquelas relevantes, para então chegar a uma conclusão sobre o evento ocorrido. Apenas após esse diagnóstico, com base em seu conhecimento, o operador pode ordenar o restabelecimento do sistema ou sua manobra para outro estado. Esse processo é lento e passível de falhas, pois as informações são usualmente conflitantes e confusas, devido à avalanche de eventos, alarmes e alertas decorrentes. Diante desta dificuldade, é interessante dispor de uma ferramenta automática de diagnóstico e apoio na tomada de decisão que torne essa tarefa mais ágil e com menores riscos. Este trabalho aborda a integração e a interoperabilidade de equipamentos de uma subestação elétrica em conformidade com a norma IEC 61850, e a utilização de sistemas inteligentes com lógica Fuzzy executados em um controlador programável moderno. O sistema proposto faz uso de recursos de comunicação da IEC 61850, com mensagens prioritárias padrão GOOSE incluindo valores analógicos de corrente de falta, além de mensagens no padrão TCP/IP MMS. Essas informações, alarmes e eventos, são processadas de forma automática por um motor Fuzzy que permite aproximar a decisão computacional à decisão humana, incluindo zonas de incerteza e lógica ponderada, permitindo respostas mais abstratas do que algo puramente binário. O sistema proposto foi submetido a um grande número de eventos com um simulador em tempo real, com equipamentos reais, tais como IEDs e um controlador programável de alto desempenho. Além disso o sistema usou um esquema de comunicação inovador para o módulo do processador de dados em tempo real (RTDP), inteiramente baseado nos protocolos da IEC 61850.
The application of artificial intelligence techniques in electric power systems allows solving problems where traditional solutions do not show good results. For example, in electric power systems, after the occurence of a fault, an automated system takes all necessary measures to protect the system and assume a safe state of operation. On this occasion, it is for operators to review all messages and data available, selecting those relevant to then come to a conclusion about the event that occurred. Only after this diagnosis, based on his knowledge the operator may order the restoration of the system or their operation to another state. This process is therefore slow and subject to failure, because the information is usually conflicting and confusing because of the avalanche of events, alarms and warnings arising. Faced with this difficulty, it is interesting to have an automatic diagnostic tool and support in decision making that makes this task quicker and with less risk. This paper addresses the integration and interoperability of an electrical substation equipment in accordance with IEC 61850, and the use of intelligent systems Fuzzy logic running on a modern programmable controller. The proposed system makes use of the IEC 61850 communication resources with priority GOOSE messages including standard analog values of fault current, as well as messages on standard TCP / IP MMS. This information, alarms and events, are processed automatically by a fuzzy engine that allows the computational approach to human decision making, including areas of uncertainty and weighted logic, allowing more abstract answers than purely binary. The proposed system has undergone a large number of events with a simulator in real time with actual equipment such as a programmable controller IEDs and high performance. In addition the system used an innovative communication scheme for the module\'s real-time data processor ( RTDP ), based entirely on the IEC 61850 standard protocols such as MMS and GOOSE messages.
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Barbosa, Tiago de Souza. "Ambiente para avalia??o de controladores fuzzy aplicados ao m?todo de eleva??o artificial por bombeio centr?fugo submerso." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12954.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TiagoSB_DISSERT.pdf: 2511631 bytes, checksum: 6bc0111c2afb2c48acf040134ddb6f46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-22
From their early days, Electrical Submergible Pumping (ESP) units have excelled in lifting much greater liquid rates than most of the other types of artificial lift and developed by good performance in wells with high BSW, in onshore and offshore environments. For all artificial lift system, the lifetime and frequency of interventions are of paramount importance, given the high costs of rigs and equipment, plus the losses coming from a halt in production. In search of a better life of the system comes the need to work with the same efficiency and security within the limits of their equipment, this implies the need for periodic adjustments, monitoring and control. How is increasing the prospect of minimizing direct human actions, these adjustments should be made increasingly via automation. The automated system not only provides a longer life, but also greater control over the production of the well. The controller is the brain of most automation systems, it is inserted the logic and strategies in the work process in order to get you to work efficiently. So great is the importance of controlling for any automation system is expected that, with better understanding of ESP system and the development of research, many controllers will be proposed for this method of artificial lift. Once a controller is proposed, it must be tested and validated before they take it as efficient and functional. The use of a producing well or a test well could favor the completion of testing, but with the serious risk that flaws in the design of the controller were to cause damage to oil well equipment, many of them expensive. Given this reality, the main objective of the present work is to present an environment for evaluation of fuzzy controllers for wells equipped with ESP system, using a computer simulator representing a virtual oil well, a software design fuzzy controllers and a PLC. The use of the proposed environment will enable a reduction in time required for testing and adjustments to the controller and evaluated a rapid diagnosis of their efficiency and effectiveness. The control algorithms are implemented in both high-level language, through the controller design software, such as specific language for programming PLCs, Ladder Diagram language.
Desde a sua concep??o, as unidades de Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso (BCS) destacaram- se pelas altas vaz?es desenvolvidas e pelo bom desempenho em po?os com alto BSW, tanto em ambientes onshore como offshore. Em qualquer sistema de eleva??o, sua vida ?til e a frequ?ncia das interven??es s?o de fundamental import?ncia, em virtude dos elevados custos das sondas e dos equipamentos, al?m dos prejuizos oriundos de uma parada na produ??o. Na busca por uma maior vida ?til do sistema, surge a necessidade de que o mesmo trabalhe com efici?ncia e dentro dos limites de seguran?a de seus equipamentos, isso implica na necessidade de peri?dicos ajustes, monitoramento e controle. Como ? crescente a perspectiva de se minimizar as a??es humanas diretas, esses ajustes dever?o ser feitos cada vez mais via automa??o. A automa??o do sistema n?o s? possibilita uma maior vida ?til, mas tamb?m um maior controle sobre a produ??o do po?o. O controlador ? o c?rebro da maioria dos sistemas de automa??o, concentrando l?gica e estrat?gias necess?rias a atua??o no processo de maneira a lev?-lo a trabalhar com efici?ncia. Tal ? a import?ncia do controle para qualquer sistema de automa??o que se espera que, com o desenvolver das pesquisas e melhor conhecimento do BCS, muitos controladores venham a ser propostos para este m?todo de eleva??o. Depois que um controlador ? proposto, o mesmo deve ser testado e validado antes de se tom?-lo como eficiente e funcional. O uso de um po?o produtor ou de um po?o de teste poderia viabilizar a realiza??o de testes, mas com o s?rio risco de que falhas no projeto do controlador viessem a ocasionar danos aos equipamentos do po?o, muitos deles de custo elevado. Diante dessa realidade, o objetivo deste trabalho ? apresentar um ambiente para avalia??o de controladores fuzzy para po?os equipados com o m?todo BCS, utilizando-se de um simulador computacional representando um po?o virtual, de um software de projeto de controladores fuzzy e de um CLP comercial. O uso do ambiente proposto possibilitar? uma redu??o no tempo requerido para a realiza??o dos testes e ajustes necess?rios ao controlador avaliado e um diagn?stico r?pido de sua efici?ncia e efic?cia. Os algoritmos de controle s?o implementados tanto em linguagem de alto n?vel, atrav?s do software de projeto de controladores, como em linguagem espec?fica para programa??o de CLPs, a linguagem de Diagramas Ladder.
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Books on the topic "Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic"

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Bolton, W. Programmable logic controllers. 4th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2007.

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(Firm), Knovel, ed. Programmable logic controllers. 4th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Newnes, 2006.

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Programmable logic controllers. 5th ed. Amsterdam: Newnes, 2009.

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Bolton, W. Programmable logic controllers. 4th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2007.

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Enrique, Marcos, and Pérez Serafín A, eds. Programmable logic devices and logic controllers. London: Prentice Hall, 1996.

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Rosandich, Ryan G. Fundamentals of programmable logic controllers. Overland Park, KS: EC&M Books, 1997.

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Programmable logic controllers: An introduction. 2nd ed. Oxford: Newnes, 2000.

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Programmable logic controllers: An introduction. Oxford: Newnes, 1996.

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Costanzo, Marco. Programmable logic controllers: The industrial computer. London: Arnold, 1997.

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Programmable logic controllers: A practical approach using CODESYS. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic"

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Hollstein, Thomas, Andreas Kirschbaum, and Manfred Glesner. "A prototyping environment for fuzzy controllers." In Field-Programmable Logic and Applications, 482–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63465-7_254.

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Bolton, W. "Input/Output Devices." In Programmable Logic Controllers, 21–57. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-85617-751-1.00002-1.

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Bolton, W. "Input—output devices." In Programmable Logic Controllers, 17–43. Elsevier, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075068112-4/50020-6.

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Bolton, W. "Input/Output Devices." In Programmable Logic Controllers, 23–61. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802929-9.00002-9.

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"Mixed-Signal Programmable Fuzzy Logic Controllers." In Design of Analog Fuzzy Logic Controllers in CMOS Technologies, 107–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48014-x_4.

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Krim, Saber, Soufien Gdaim, Abdellatif Mtibaa, and Mimouni Mohamed Faouzi. "A Position Control With a Field Programmable Gate Array-Sun-Tracking System for Photovoltaic Panels." In Advances in System Dynamics and Control, 192–231. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4077-9.ch007.

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Photovoltaic system applications should operate under good conditions. The maximum power point depends on the sunlight angle on the panel surface. In this chapter, an induction motor (IM) controlled with a direct torque control (DTC) is used to control the photovoltaic panel position. The conventional DTC is chosen thanks to its capability to develop the maximum of torque when the motor is standstill. However, the DTC produces a torque with high ripples and it is suffer from the flux demagnetization phenomenon, especially at low speed. To overcome these problems, two DTC approaches are proposed in this chapter: (1) the DTC based on the fuzzy logic and (2) the DTC based on space vector modulation (SVM) and proportional integral (PI) controllers (DTC-SVM-PI). The suggested approaches are implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) Virtex 5 circuit in order to reduce the sampling period of the system and the delay in the control loop. The simulation and hardware implementation results demonstrate that the DTC-SVM-PI offers best the results in terms of ripples.
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Patil, Anita, Swapnil Shinde, and Soumi Banerjee. "Stuxnet-Tool for Zero-Day Attack." In Handbook of Research on Cyber Crime and Information Privacy, 652–75. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5728-0.ch030.

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Stuxnet is a malicious code used to exploit multiple unpatched Windows vulnerabilities and infect end devices. It was very sophistically used by attackers to infect computers that are connected to specific models of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) manufactured by Siemens. The stuxnet worm alters the PLCs' programming and raises a false alarm to machines, which leads to an accident. The worm uses zero-day vulnerabilities in the Windows operating system, and because of that, it remains undetected by the antivirus programs. The attacker attempts to breach the vulnerabilities in hardware systems and breaks the infrastructure, which leads to a watering hole attack. Thus, this chapter explores the different possibilities of the stuxnet-based cyber-attacks and their risk factors. The chapter represents an analysis that is performed on the different patterns of attacks, and its preventive measures are also proposed.
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Conference papers on the topic "Programmable controllers. Programmable logic devices. Fuzzy logic"

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Baniyounis, Mohammed, and AlMutazbellah Mesmar. "Diagnosability of programmable logic controllers." In 2017 14th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2017.8166936.

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Brooks, Geoffrey. "Fuzzy logic and coarse coding using programmable logic devices." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Nicholas F. Fell, Jr. and Venkataraman S. Swaminathan. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.819614.

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Brox, Maria, and S. Sanchez-Solano. "Development of IP Modules of Fuzzy Controllers for the Design of Embedded Systems on FPGAs." In 2006 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fpl.2006.311359.

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Pham, Kinh D., Ja-Mie Luey, and Darin Schroyer. "Traction Power Substation Protection and Controls Using Programmable Logic Controllers." In ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40044.

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A number of microprocessor-based digital devices with communication capabilities have been manufactured for traction power substations. These devices include protective relays, fault recorders, and metering units. One such device is the SIEMENS SITRAS DPU96 relay that provides over-current and rate-of-rise protection for faults on DC traction power distribution system. To fully utilize this digital technology, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) was the best mean of collecting and organizing data from these devices locally at the traction power substation and also provide easy interface with the SCADA system. PLC was also used for high rail-to-earth potential monitoring and protection. The trip characteristics of this relay require adjustability over the voltage ranges normally from 40Vdc to 160Vdc and time-delay range from 10ms to 3 seconds which can be easily accomplished with PLC programming. This paper describes the applications of digital relays, human machine interface (HMI), and PLC in a traction power substation.
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Fonseca, Alessandro Moreira, Fernando Henrique Fernandes, Valdivino José Lima, and Vilmar Bento Souza. "Motorized Valves Control System Centralization: How Does it Impact on Reliability, Costs and Performance?" In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78534.

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The master-slave topology, based on programmable logic controllers and their respective controlled equipment are often characterized by the use of intermediate devices called Master Stations that perform the interface between data processing and triggering unit, and are responsible for protocol conversion, data acquisition, priority setting, and management of slave devices. For the most part, these intermediate control devices are systems developed by manufacturers and process equipment suppliers themselves, more specifically in the control of large quantities of motorized valves in industrial plants. As a result, a project was implemented to implement control and supervision information exchange routines of the motorized valve system directly through the PLC / Supervisory System, eliminating the need for the use of intermediate control devices. The results show high simplification in the architecture by removing the Master Station and changing the network topology, attaining an overall cost reduction, and a great improvement on performance, by the higher communication speed levels, especially for decreasing the latency delays; lastly, control centralization into more robust equipment and network segregation of the valve system, turned it easier to diagnose failures, ensured operational continuity, reduced the statistic of failures and increased the reliability of the process.
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Guerra-Zubiaga, David, Jay Strickland, Kevin Kamperman, Ryan McHale, and Navid Nasajpour-Esfahani. "Improved Process Control Using Hybrid Industrial Internet of Things Network Topology." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23336.

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Abstract Industry 4.0 is an important manufacturing paradigm driving research and the enhancement of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies on a global scale. The expanding capabilities of IIoT technologies has risen to meet customer demand for intelligent, interconnected devices. Legacy Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) remain the industry standard for manufacturing and process control even though Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) has emerged as a feature-rich market alternative. This paper compares and contrasts traditional closed systems and new FOSS in the context of Industry 4.0 trends through a literature review and reports on the resultant capabilities of their synthesis. A methodology for linking these previously independent systems through IIoT is presented via case study using a mobile autonomous robot to interact automatically with a custom process control training bench (PCTB) in a scenario analogous to a mobile delivery robot. The novelty of this research is the synthesis of traditional closed and open systems across a new class of smart device, the semi-proprietary IIoT network bridge. Hybridization, it is concluded, presents the most advantageous features of both proprietary systems and FOSS without many of the trade-offs typically encountered when employing technologies under either paradigm.
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Sagareli, Sergo, and Vitaly Gelman. "Implementation of New Technologies in Traction Power Systems." In ASME/IEEE 2004 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtd2004-66014.

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Due to significant developments in power electronics since the 1980’s, a row of new components are being used for both utility [1] and traction power substations, leading to new concepts in their design and construction. Among others, such innovations as incorporation of microprocessor-based multifunction protective relays and programmable logic controllers are changing traditional substations’ equipment layout and inter-connections; the development and experimental use of thyristor rectifiers and solid-state DC circuit breakers is under way. A significant reduction in the amount of protective and control devices (and associated wiring) has been achieved by introduction of multi-function relays (MFR or MPR – Multi-Purpose Relay), capable of replacing a whole group of relays used for equipment protection and automated control; for example, one MFR may perform functions of overcurrent and ground fault protection, over- and undervoltage protection, fault sensing and reclosing. Plus, it may be used for data logging and data recording purposes [2]. Additionally, high end MPRs have remote access features allowing not only to set any parameters, but even provide firmware upgrade without visiting the substation, thus providing labor savings. Therefore, one MFR may replace about a dozen of traditional relays and devices, along with their wiring and save maintenance expenses as well. Thyristor Controlled Rectifiers (TCR’s) are another significant innovation in traditional DC traction power substation design. Thyristor rectifiers are offering very important benefit of regulated DC voltage: at the substation’s bus output, the voltage may be constant from 0 to a 100% or even 150% load, which means improved train performance in terms of speed and reliability, as well as lower losses of energy in third rails, and possibility of raising third rail system voltage in the future, thus further lowering losses of energy in the system. Alternatively, it allows to increase the distance between the substations and thus reduce total number of substations. LIRR installed one thyristor rectifier for experimental use in 2003. Flywheel-based energy storage system is another important innovation that is being installed by the LIRR for experimental use. LIRR is installing for experimental use trackside fly-wheel energy storage system developed and tested by the British uranium enrichment company URENCO. According to Tarrant [3], in March 2002 the company successfully tested the KESS – Kinetic Energy Storage System and demonstrated 11% to 18% energy savings in different conditions of operation, because of the lower losses due to higher voltage during the acceleration period.
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