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Journal articles on the topic 'Programming Language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 June 2024

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1

Olatunji, Ezekiel Kolawole, John B. Oladosu, Odetunji A. Odejobi, and Stephen O. Olabiyisi. "Design and implementation of an African native language-based programming language." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i2.pp171-177.

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<p>Most of the existing high level programming languages havehitherto borrowed their lexical items from human languages including European and Asian languages. However, there is paucity of research information on programming languages developed with the lexicons of an African indigenous language. This research explored the design and implementation of an African indigenous language-based programming language using Yoruba as case study. Yoruba is the first language of over 30 million people in the south-west of Nigeria, Africa; and is spoken by over one hundred million people world-wide. It is hoped, as established by research studies, that making computer programming possible in one’s mother tongue will enhance computer-based problem-solving processes by indigenous learners and teachers. The alphabets and reserved words of the programming language were respectively formed from the basic Yoruba alphabets and standard Yoruba words. The lexical items and syntactic structures of the programming language were designed with appropriate regular expressions and context-free grammars, using Backus-Naur Form (BNF) notations. A prototype implementation of the programming language was carried out as a source-to-source, 5-pass compiler. QBasic within QB64 IDE was the implementation language. The results from implementation showed functional correctness and effectiveness of the developed programming language. Thus lexical items of a programming language need not be borrowed exclusively from European and Asian languages, they can and should be borrowed from most African native languages. Furthermore, the developed native language programming language can be used to introduce computer programming to indigenous pupils of primary and junior secondary schools.</p>

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Fayzrakhmanov, Timur Rasimovich. "Introducing Programming Language Metrics." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 34, no. 6 (2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2022-34(6)-5.

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We introduce possibly the first approximation of programming language metrics that represent a spectrum over 70 unique and carefully gathered dimensions by which any two programming languages can be compared. Based on those metrics, one can evaluate her own `best' language, and to demonstrate how complex feelings such as “simplicity” and “easy to use”, often found as arguments in language debates and advertisements, can be decomposed into clear and measurable pieces. We put the collection as a completely separate open-source file (here as an appendix) so that everyone can participate in eliciting new and interesting dimensions used in programming languages research, development, and use. Metrics can find their use to compare languages, define requirements, create rankings, give tips for language designers, and simply provide a bird’s-eye view on existing languages features found in the wild.

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Allen, Ben. "Common Language: Business Programming Languages and the Legibility of Programming." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 40, no. 2 (2018): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ahc.2018.0011.

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Adawiyah Ritonga and Yahfizham Yahfizham. "Studi Literatur Perbandingan Bahasa Pemrograman C++ dan Bahasa Pemrograman Python pada Algoritma Pemrograman." Jurnal Teknik Informatika dan Teknologi Informasi 3, no. 3 (November 10, 2023): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jutiti.v3i3.2863.

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Programming Language is a language used to write computer program codes. Programming languages allow programmers to instruct computers to perform certain tasks. There are many different programming languages such as Python, Java, C++, PHP, JavaScript and so on. This article only focuses on explaining the C++ and Python programming languages. The aim of this article is to find out the differences between the C++ and Python programming languages and to find out the advantages and functions of each programming language. From the results obtained, the two C++ programming languages are more focused on Windows development, while Python is more often used in software development and the C++ programming language is more difficult to understand than the Python programming language.

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Jain, Abhishek, Manohar Kumar, and Manohar Kumar. "System Programming Drawbacks." Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science & Engineering (ISSN: 2456-3552) 2, no. 4 (April 30, 2015): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nncse.v2i4.453.

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A system programming language usually refers to a programming language used for system programming; such languages are designed for writing system software, which usually requires different development approaches when compared to application software. System software is computer software designed to operate and control the computer hardware, and to provide a platform for running application software. System software includes software categories such as operating systems, utility software, device drivers, compilers, and linkers. In contrast with application languages, system programming languages typically offer more-direct access to the physical hardware of the machine: an archetypical system programming language in this sense was BCPL. System programming languages often lack built in input/output facilities because a system-software project usually develops its own input/output or builds on basic monitor I/O or screen management services facilities. The distinction between languages for system programming and applications programming became blurred with widespread popularity of PL/I, C and Pascal.

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Rock, S. T. "Developing robot programming languages using an existing language as a base—A viewpoint." Robotica 7, no. 1 (January 1989): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700005051.

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SUMMARYThe development of robot languages has followed a pattern similar to that of conventional programming languages, where robot languages have been based on an existing programming language. This paper first identifies the use of an existing base as one way of developing robot programming languages, and discusses the areas of difficulty in this approach. Then, on-line and off-line programming of robots is discussed and the requirements of robot programming languages that are different to those of non-specialised programming languages are presented. A discussion and evaluation of some programming languages in terms of their appropriateness for use as the base for an intelligent robot programming language is presented. This leads to the conclusion that no current language forms an adequate base for intelligent robot programming languages. What is needed as a base is a language for use in the artificial intelligence domain, that incorporates real-time facilities.

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AZUMA, Yoshitaka, and Kin-ichi INAGAKI. "NC Programming by LANC Programming Language." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2016.29 (2016): 4_101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2016.29.4_101.

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Chete, Fidelis, and Obinna Ikeh. "Towards the Design and Implementation of a Programming Language (Beex)." International Journal of Software Engineering and Computer Systems 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijsecs.8.2.2022.6.0103.

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Software Engineers, Computer Scientists, and Software Experts alike are faced to decide which programming language is best suited for a certain purpose as the use of programming languages grows. When we consider the various types of programming languages available today, such as Domain Specific Languages (DSL), General Purpose Languages (GPL), Functional Programming Languages (FPL), Imperative Programming Languages (IPL), amongst others, this becomes complicated. In this study, we introduce BeeX, an interpreted language, with the aim of showing the process and principles involved in language design and consider various choices faced by language designers of various programming languages. BeeX was created with simplicity in mind, thus the study focused on architectural design options. We look at the implementation standpoint and try to figure out what the basic building parts of most programming languages are, such as lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and evaluation phase. To achieve this, we created an interactive command interface that evaluated various BeeX language constructs(conditional logic statements, arithmetic expressions, loop constructs etc.) which allowed students to easily experiment with the proposed language. The results of the tests showed that students and programmers alike can use the BeeX programming language to create a variety of code structures that are simple to use.

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Kharpude, Hriday S. "Sanskrit Programming Language." International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology 70, no. 4 (April 25, 2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v70i4p102.

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Toropov, N. R. "PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE LYAPAS." Prikladnaya diskretnaya matematika, no. 4 (June 1, 2009): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/20710410/4/2.

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Riecke, Jon G. "Programming language semantics." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 32, no. 1 (January 1997): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/251595.251613.

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Schmidt, David A. "Programming language semantics." ACM Computing Surveys 28, no. 1 (March 1996): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/234313.234419.

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Michell, Stephen. "Programming language vulnerabilities." ACM SIGAda Ada Letters 33, no. 1 (June 11, 2013): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2492312.2492323.

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Pell, AR. "Programming language methodologies." Microprocessors and Microsystems 9, no. 3 (April 1985): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-9331(85)90365-5.

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Olatunji, Ezekiel K., John B. Oladosu, Odetunji A. Odejobi, and Stephen O. Olabiyisi. "A Needs Assessment for Indigenous African Language-Based Programming Languages." Annals of Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ast-2019-0007.

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AbstractThe development of an African native language-based programming language, using Yoruba as a case study, is envisioned. Programming languages based on the lexicons of indigenous African languages are rare to come by unlike those based on Asian and / or European languages. Availability of programming languages based on lexicons of African indigenous language would facilitate comprehension of problem-solving processes using computer by indigenous learners and teachers as confirmed by research results. In order to further assess the relevance, usefulness and needfulness of such a programming language, a preliminary needs assessment survey was carried out. The needs assessment was carried out through design of a structured questionnaire which was administered to 130 stakeholders in computer profession and computer education; including some staffers and learners of some primary, secondary and tertiary educational institutions in Oyo and Osun states of Nigeria, Africa. The responses to the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire shows that 89% of the respondents to the questionnaire expressed excitement and willingness to program or learn programming in their mother tongue-based programming language, if such a programming language is developed. This result shows the high degree of relevance, usefulness and needfulness of a native language-based programming language as well as the worthwhileness of embarking on development of such a programming language.

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Naveed, Muhammad Shumail, Muhammad Sarim, and Kamran Ahsan. "Learners Programming Language a Helping System for Introductory Programming Courses." July 2016 35, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1603.05.

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Programming is the core of computer science and due to this momentousness a special care is taken in designing the curriculum of programming courses. A substantial work has been conducted on the definition of programming courses, yet the introductory programming courses are still facing high attrition, low retention and lack of motivation. This paper introduced a tiny pre-programming language called LPL (Learners Programming Language) as a ZPL (Zeroth Programming Language) to illuminate novice students about elementary concepts of introductory programming before introducing the first imperative programming course. The overall objective and design philosophy of LPL is based on a hypothesis that the soft introduction of a simple and paradigm specific textual programming can increase the motivation level of novice students and reduce the congenital complexities and hardness of the first programming course and eventually improve the retention rate and may be fruitful in reducing the dropout/failure level. LPL also generates the equivalent high level programs from user source program and eventually very fruitful in understanding the syntax of introductory programming languages. To overcome the inherent complexities of unusual and rigid syntax of introductory programming languages, the LPL provide elementary programming concepts in the form of algorithmic and plain natural language based computational statements. The initial results obtained after the introduction of LPL are very encouraging in motivating novice students and improving the retention rate.

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Lazebna, Nataliia, Yuliya Fedorova, and Mariia Kuznetsova. "SCRATCH LANGUAGE OF PROGRAMMING VS ENGLISH LANGUAGE: COMPARING MATHEMATICAL AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering 6 (November 30, 2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2019.00982.

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This paper focuses on Scratch language of programming and traces its math and linguistic features. From a complex consideration about Scratch language programming in linguistic paradigm, focusing on structural, semantic and syntactic features and logic of its narration, this research attempts to clarify specifics of the language and correlate it with the English language features. Global integration of ideas and sciences underline the crucial importance of programming and language conglomerate. Human-computer interfaces, software systems, and development of various programming languages depend on well-balanced structure, shape, logic, and appearance of the actual code. Dynamic characteristics of the Scratch programming environment sustain the creation of interactive and media-rich projects. Ad expansion of Scratch for mediation of animated stories, music videos, science projects, tutorials, and other contents necessitates multifaceted analysis of this programming environment and evokes the interest of researching Scratch from the math and linguistic perspective as one possible projection on various aspects of the considered programming language.

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Ramadhan, Fadillah, Hendang Setyo Rukmi, Arif Imran, Cahyadi Nugraha, and Risdan Ferdiansyah. "Software Design using Visual Basic for Application and Microsoft Excel Programming for Students." REKA ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/rekaelkomika.v1i2.86-97.

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The rapid development of information technology has made people to have the ability to design software with a programming language. There are quite some engineers who have not mastered programming languages. It happens becausesome people think that developing software with a certain programming language is very difficult. The language is difficult to understand, the accuracy must be precise, and the user is not familiar with the platform. Difficulty in learning programming languages is a problem that is often encountered by university students, vocational students, or employees. This article describes an easy programming language training activity for beginners, namelyVisual Basic for Applications (VBA)-Ms. Excel training.The advantage of this programming language iseasy to operate because manystudentsor employees are very familiar with Ms. Excel so that the adaptation process will be easy. The results of the post-test training that was attended bystudents showed a significant increase in the ability to design programming languages.

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Myasnikov, K. P., S. A. Mikaeva, and Yu A. Zhuravleva. "MICROCONTROLLERS PROGRAMMING BASED ON THE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 315 (June 2023): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2023.06.pp.052-056.

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The relevance of the work is due to the need to develop controllers who encrypted information. The work was implemented in the work of encryption and decryption according to GOST 3412–2015, GOST 3413–2015. Programming was carried out on the basis of the ATMEGA 32A controller in the SI programming language. The program is made inside the microcontroller and interacts with the components of the circuit using PIN-S, thanks to which you can read and enter information. In the implementation of encryption and decryption algorithms, the Magma encryption algorithm, 4 types of transformations are used. The controller proposed in the work in its physical implementation has small dimensions, it is quite convenient to use it for quick encryptions, short messages that are urgently required to convey that it is its advantages. For rapid encryption of large volumes of data, the microcontroller can be connected to a given electronic circuit and adjusted the interaction of the output input, which expands its functional purpose.

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CRUZ, FLAVIO, RICARDO ROCHA, SETH COPEN GOLDSTEIN, and FRANK PFENNING. "A Linear Logic Programming Language for Concurrent Programming over Graph Structures." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 14, no. 4-5 (July 2014): 493–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068414000167.

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AbstractWe have designed a new logic programming language called LM (Linear Meld) for programming graph-based algorithms in a declarative fashion. Our language is based on linear logic, an expressive logical system where logical facts can be consumed. Because LM integrates both classical and linear logic, LM tends to be more expressive than other logic programming languages. LM programs are naturally concurrent because facts are partitioned by nodes of a graph data structure. Computation is performed at the node level while communication happens between connected nodes. In this paper, we present the syntax and operational semantics of our language and illustrate its use through a number of examples.

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Coblenz, Michael, Gauri Kambhatla, Paulette Koronkevich, Jenna L. Wise, Celeste Barnaby, Joshua Sunshine, Jonathan Aldrich, and Brad A. Myers. "PLIERS." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 28, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 1–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3452379.

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Programming language design requires making many usability-related design decisions. However, existing HCI methods can be impractical to apply to programming languages: languages have high iteration costs, programmers require significant learning time, and user performance has high variance. To address these problems, we adapted both formative and summative HCI methods to make them more suitable for programming language design. We integrated these methods into a new process, PLIERS, for designing programming languages in a user-centered way. We assessed PLIERS by using it to design two new programming languages. Glacier extends Java to enable programmers to express immutability properties effectively and easily. Obsidian is a language for blockchains that includes verification of critical safety properties. Empirical studies showed that the PLIERS process resulted in languages that could be used effectively by many programmers and revealed additional opportunities for language improvement.

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Sermeno, Jason. "Graphical Block Structured Programming: A Visual Programming Paradigm." Journal of Innovative Technology Convergence 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.69478/jitc2019v1n1a06.

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This paper discusses the concept and design of a graphical block-structured programming paradigm that presents a model for constructing computer programs using a set of graphical objects that resembles the existing lexical instructions in a C language. The design of the paradigm was motivated by the results from studies investigating the previous designs and the acquisition of existing visual programming languages. Studies showed that most people are having trouble expressing the structures that they cannot write or verbally describe due to their limited grasp of natural language. The aim of this proposed programming paradigm is to improve the user’s ability to create programs by making programming more accessible to some particular audience and improving the correctness and speed with which people perform programming tasks.

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Mészárosová, Eva. "Is Python an Appropriate Programming Language for Teaching Programming in Secondary Schools?" International Journal of Information and Communication Technologies in Education 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijicte-2015-0005.

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Abstract A variety of programming languages are used to teach fundamentals of programming in secondary schools in Slovakia. Nowadays, we observe a new trend, the Python language gaining ground. In our paper we evaluate the interviews, in which we asked teachers with years of pedagogical experience, what the reasons for selecting a particular programming language where. By analysing the responses we learn about their experience with teaching programming and create a list of the important elements in the selection of the most suitable programming language for secondary school students. We will seek an answer for the question whether the Python programming language is appropriate for all secondary school students.

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Shrestha, Nischal, Colton Botta, Titus Barik, and Chris Parnin. "Here we go again." Communications of the ACM 65, no. 3 (March 2022): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3511062.

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Once a programmer knows one language, they can leverage concepts and knowledge already learned, and easily pick up another programming language. But is that always the case? To understand if programmers have difficulty learning additional programming languages, we conducted an empirical study of Stack Overflow questions across 18 different programming languages. We hypothesized that previous knowledge could potentially interfere with learning a new programming language. From our inspection of 450 Stack Overflow questions, we found 276 instances of interference that occurred due to faulty assumptions originating from knowledge about a different language. To understand why these difficulties occurred, we conducted semistructured interviews with 16 professional programmers. The interviews revealed that programmers make failed attempts to relate a new programming language with what they already know. Our findings inform design implications for technical authors, toolsmiths, and language designers, such as designing documentation and automated tools that reduce interference, anticipating uncommon language transitions during language design, and welcoming programmers not just into a language, but its entire ecosystem.

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Hernández-González, Lizbeth Alejandra, Ulises Juárez-Martínez, Jezreel Mejía, and Alberto Aguilar-Laserre. "A Proposal of Naturalistic Software Development Method." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 30, no. 2 (February 28, 2024): 179–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.105637.

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Naturalistic programming purports to include natural language elements in programming languages to increase software expressiveness. Even though natural language is inherently ambiguous, it is richer and thus more expressive than any artificial language. Currently, the Naturalistic Programming Paradigm (NPP) is supported by its conceptual model and three general-purpose naturalistic programming languages that can generate executable binary code. Nevertheless, to date, no research efforts have been concentrated on applying the NPP within a software development process. To address this gap, in this article, we propose a naturalistic software development method to test the advantages of the NPP. The method focuses on the analysis and design stages of the software development process and seeks to contribute to closing the gap between the problem and the solution domains. We also present an example of an implementation using Cal-4700, a naturalistic programming language, showing the differences in expressiveness of programming with a traditional programming language, like Python. 

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CLEMENTS, JOHN, and KATHI FISLER. "“Little language” project modules." Journal of Functional Programming 20, no. 1 (January 2010): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796809990281.

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AbstractMany computer science departments are debating the role of programming languages in the curriculum. These discussions often question the relevance and appeal of programming-languages content for today's students. In our experience, domain-specific, “little languages” projects provide a compelling illustration of the importance of programming-language concepts. This paper describes projects that prototype mainstream applications such as PowerPoint, TurboTax, and animation scripting. We have used these exercises as modules in non-programming languages courses, including courses for first year students. Such modules both encourage students to study linguistic topics in more depth and provide linguistic perspective to students who might not otherwise be exposed to the area.

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Baştemur Kaya, Ceren, and Hasan Çakır. "Utilization of Alice Software in Teaching Programming Language." Journal of Qualitative Research in Education 6, no. 2 (November 13, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.6c2s9m.

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Arifah Fasha, Rosmani, and Shaiful Nizam Muhammad Salman Hakim. "C++ Rush: an educational gaming experience." Jurnal Intelek 19, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ji.v19i1.24493.

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Programming language is a subject that is quite difficult to understand at first glance, especially for beginners. Most beginners struggle to comprehend programming concepts because of their low maturity level, lack of programming experience, and difficulty understanding and learning the logic and scripting language. C++ is one of the basic, convenient programming languages that help programmers comprehend the principles of all programming languages. If the principles of C++ have been grasped, someone with a thorough knowledge of the language could easily transit to other programming languages. Therefore, this study proposes the combination of an educational game with C++ to provide early exposure to novice programmers and assist those who are struggling to learn the programming language. Furthermore, it attempts to create and develop an interactive, instructional programming game. Another purpose of this study is to test the usefulness of the generated programming game using a questionnaire. The study utilized the Agile Model because iterative development is one of its components. The agile technique consists of six (6) phases: requirements, design, development, testing, deployment, and review. This study did usability testing with 30 individuals. Most of them agreed that gamification might change a tough and complex topic into one that would be incredibly engaging. In addition, it has ultimately allowed users to properly learn C++. Future work may employ a broader range of programming languages.

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Zhang, Feng, Guofan Li, Cong Liu, and Qian Song. "Flowchart-Based Cross-Language Source Code Similarity Detection." Scientific Programming 2020 (December 17, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8835310.

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Source code similarity detection has various applications in code plagiarism detection and software intellectual property protection. In computer programming teaching, students may convert the source code written in one programming language into another language for their code assignment submission. Existing similarity measures of source code written in the same language are not applicable for the cross-language code similarity detection because of syntactic differences among different programming languages. Meanwhile, existing cross-language source similarity detection approaches are susceptible to complex code obfuscation techniques, such as replacing equivalent control structure and adding redundant statements. To solve this problem, we propose a cross-language code similarity detection (CLCSD) approach based on code flowcharts. In general, two source code fragments written in different programming languages are transformed into standardized code flowcharts (SCFC), and their similarity is obtained by measuring their corresponding SCFC. More specifically, we first introduce the standardized code flowchart (SCFC) model to be the uniform flowcharts representation of source code written in different languages. SCFC is language-independent, and therefore, it can be used as the intermediate structure for source code similarity detection. Meanwhile, transformation techniques are given to transform source code written in a specific programming language into an SCFC. Second, we propose the SCFC-SPGK algorithm based on the shortest path graph kernel to measure the similarity between two SCFCs. Thus, the similarity between two pieces of source code in different programming languages is given by the similarity between SCFCs. Experimental results show that compared with existing approaches, CLCSD has higher accuracy in cross-language source code similarity detection. Furthermore, CLCSD cannot only handle common source code obfuscation techniques used by students in computer programming teaching but also obtain nearly 90% accuracy in dealing with some complex obfuscation techniques.

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Stefantsov, D. A. "The AspectTalk programming language." Prikladnaya diskretnaya matematika, no. 15 (March 1, 2012): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/20710410/15/7.

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Ortin, Francisco, Miguel Garcia, Baltasar Garcia Perez-Schofield, and Jose Quiroga. "The StaDyn programming language." SoftwareX 20 (December 2022): 101211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2022.101211.

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Smita Desai et al.,, Smita Desai et al ,. "The Scheme Programming Language." International Journal of Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology Research 9, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijcseitrjun20191.

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Schneider, Daniel. "The Programming Language Scheme." AI Communications, no. 1 (1987): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aic-1987-0105.

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XU, Jia-Fu. "Quantum Programming Language NDQJava." Journal of Software 19, no. 1 (July 10, 2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1001null.

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Agarwal, Pankaj. "The Cell Programming Language." Artificial Life 2, no. 1 (October 1994): 37–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl.1994.2.1.37.

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In developmental biology, modeling and simulation play an important role in understanding cellular behavior. This article includes a review of the general models of development that are based on cellular interaction. Inspired by these models, we suggest a simple language, the Cell Programming Language (CPL), to write computer programs to describe this developmental behavior. These programs are an estimate of the minimal information needed to model realistically such developmental systems. Using these programs, it is possible to simulate and visualize cell behavior. We have employed CPL to model the following: aggregation in cellular slime mold in response to a chemotactic agent, cellular segregation and engulfment due to differential adhesion, and precartilage formation in vertebrate limbs. We believe CPL is a useful tool for developing, understanding, and checking biological models.

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Budiu, Mihai, and Chris Dodd. "The P416 Programming Language." ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 51, no. 1 (September 11, 2017): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3139645.3139648.

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Steele, Guy L. "Programming language life cycles." ACM SIGAda Ada Letters 32, no. 3 (November 29, 2012): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2402709.2402705.

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Spinellis, D. "Choosing a programming language." IEEE Software 23, no. 4 (July 2006): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ms.2006.97.

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39

Meyerson, Jeff. "The Go Programming Language." IEEE Software 31, no. 5 (September 2014): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ms.2014.127.

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40

Frisbie, Ralph, Richard Hendrickson, and Michael Metcalf. "The F programming language." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 32, no. 6 (June 1997): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/261353.261363.

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41

Felleisen, Matthias, Robert Bruce Findler, Matthew Flatt, Shriram Krishnamurthi, Eli Barzilay, Jay McCarthy, and Sam Tobin-Hochstadt. "A programmable programming language." Communications of the ACM 61, no. 3 (February 21, 2018): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3127323.

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42

Daly, P. "Review: Programming Language Pragmatics." Computer Bulletin 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/combul/43.1.30-c.

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43

Gray, Wayne D., James C. Spohrer, and Thomas R. G. Green. "End-user programming language." ACM SIGCHI Bulletin 25, no. 2 (April 1993): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/155804.155818.

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44

Jaeschke, Rex. "The C programming language." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 33, no. 4 (April 1998): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/278283.278284.

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Metcalf, Michael. "The F programming language." ACM SIGPLAN Fortran Forum 17, no. 3 (December 1998): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/306113.306122.

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46

Li, Chang. "Concurrent programming language—LISPTALK." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 23, no. 4 (April 1988): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/44326.44334.

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Kaplan, Randy M. "The IL programming language." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 26, no. 8 (August 1991): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/122598.122601.

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Iskrenovic-Momcilovic, Olivera. "Learning a programming language." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 55, no. 4 (May 2, 2018): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020720918773975.

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Abstract:

Today, it is believed that it is difficult to learn a programming language because it requires a completely different way of thinking from what students are accustomed to and need a lot of work and time to start thinking in this way. Each method for learning a programming language aims to improve the quality of learning, which is confirmed by a large number of successful students. This paper presents the influence of factors such as motivation, emotion and pre-knowledge of students on the choice of method, which is maximally adapted to the age, abilities and preferences of students. Adequate selection of the method is done by using the tests for checking the given factors to the students’ data, which are later used to select the most favorable method for learning a programming language.

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Mernik, Marjan, and Viljem Žumer. "Incremental programming language development." Computer Languages, Systems & Structures 31, no. 1 (April 2005): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cl.2004.02.001.

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Jones, Russell. "The C programming language." Data Processing 27, no. 10 (December 1985): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-684x(85)90032-2.

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