Journal articles: 'Programs RG'

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WONG, W. ERIC, and YU LEI. "REACHABILITY GRAPH-BASED TEST SEQUENCE GENERATION FOR CONCURRENT PROGRAMS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 18, no. 06 (September 2008): 803–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194008003878.

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One common approach to test sequence generation for structurally testing concurrent programs involves constructing a reachability graph (RG) and selecting a set of paths from the graph to satisfy some coverage criterion. It is often suggested that test sequence generation methods for testing sequential programs based on a control flow graph (CFG) can also be used to select paths from an RG for testing concurrent programs. However, there is a major difference between these two, as the former suffers from a feasibility problem (i.e., some paths in a CFG may not be feasible at run-time) and the latter does not. As a result, even though test sequence generation methods for sequential programs can be applied to concurrent programs, they may not be efficient. We propose four methods — two based on hot spot prioritization and two based on topological sort — to effectively generate a small set of test sequences that covers all the nodes in an RG. The same methods are also applied to the corresponding dual graph for generating test sequences to cover all the edges. A case study was conducted to demonstrate the use of our methods.

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Mazzatenta, Andrea, Massimo Vignoli, Maurizio Caputo, Giorgio Vignola, Roberto Tamburro, Francesco De Sanctis, Jordi Mirò Roig, Roberta Bucci, Domenico Robbe, and Augusto Carluccio. "Maternal Phylogenetic Relationships and Genetic Variation among Rare, Phenotypically Similar Donkey Breeds." Genes 12, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081109.

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The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop of endangered and critically endangered breeds has been studied to identify maternal lineages, characterize genetic inheritance, reconstruct phylogenetic relations among breeds, and develop biodiversity conservation and breeding programs. The aim of the study was to determine the variability remaining and the phylogenetic relationship of Martina Franca (MF, with total population of 160 females and 36 males), Ragusano (RG, 344 females and 30 males), Pantesco (PT, 47 females and 15 males), and Catalonian (CT) donkeys by collecting genetic data from maternal lineages. Genetic material was collected from saliva, and a 350 bp fragment of D-loop mtDNA was amplified and sequenced. Sequences were aligned and evaluated using standard bioinformatics software. A total of 56 haplotypes including 33 polymorphic sites were found in 77 samples (27 MF, 22 RG, 8 PT, 19 CT, 1 crossbred). The breed nucleotide diversity value (π) for all the breeds was 0.128 (MF: 0.162, RG: 0.132, PT: 0.025, CT: 0.038). Principal components analysis grouped most of the haplogroups into two different clusters, I (including all haplotypes from PT and CT, together with haplotypes from MF and RG) and II (including haplotypes from MF and RG only). In conclusion, we found that the primeval haplotypes, haplogroup variability, and a large number of maternal lineages were preserved in MF and RG; thus, these breeds play putative pivotal roles in the phyletic relationships of donkey breeds. Maternal inheritance is indispensable genetic information required to evaluate inheritance, variability, and breeding programs.

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Bastawrous, Sarah, Lei Wu, Brian Strzelecki, Dmitry B. Levin, Jing-Sheng Li, James Coburn, and Beth Ripley. "Establishing Quality and Safety in Hospital-based 3D Printing Programs: Patient-first Approach." RadioGraphics 41, no. 4 (July 2021): 1208–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2021200175.

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Neyhart, Jeffrey L., Aaron J. Lorenz, and Kevin P. Smith. "Multi-trait Improvement by Predicting Genetic Correlations in Breeding Crosses." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 9, no. 10 (July 29, 2019): 3153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.400406.

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The many quantitative traits of interest to plant breeders are often genetically correlated, which can complicate progress from selection. Improving multiple traits may be enhanced by identifying parent combinations – an important breeding step – that will deliver more favorable genetic correlations (rG). Modeling the segregation of genomewide markers with estimated effects may be one method of predicting rG in a cross, but this approach remains untested. Our objectives were to: (i) use simulations to assess the accuracy of genomewide predictions of rG and the long-term response to selection when selecting crosses on the basis of such predictions; and (ii) empirically measure the ability to predict genetic correlations using data from a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding program. Using simulations, we found that the accuracy to predict rG was generally moderate and influenced by trait heritability, population size, and genetic correlation architecture (i.e., pleiotropy or linkage disequilibrium). Among 26 barley breeding populations, the empirical prediction accuracy of rG was low (-0.012) to moderate (0.42), depending on trait complexity. Within a simulated plant breeding program employing indirect selection, choosing crosses based on predicted rG increased multi-trait genetic gain by 11–27% compared to selection on the predicted cross mean. Importantly, when the starting genetic correlation was negative, such cross selection mitigated or prevented an unfavorable response in the trait under indirect selection. Prioritizing crosses based on predicted genetic correlation can be a feasible and effective method of improving unfavorably correlated traits in breeding programs.

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Qiu, Bo, Shuiming Chen, Peter Hacker, Nelson G. Hogg, Steven R. Jayne, and Hideharu Sasaki. "The Kuroshio Extension Northern Recirculation Gyre: Profiling Float Measurements and Forcing Mechanism." Journal of Physical Oceanography 38, no. 8 (August 1, 2008): 1764–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3921.1.

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Abstract Middepth, time-mean circulation in the western North Pacific Ocean (28°–45°N, 140°–165°E) is investigated using drift information from the profiling floats deployed in the Kuroshio Extension System Study (KESS) and the International Argo programs. A well-defined, cyclonic recirculation gyre (RG) is found to exist north of the Kuroshio Extension jet, confined zonally between the Japan Trench (∼145°E) and the Shatsky Rise (∼156°E), and bordered to the north by the subarctic boundary along ∼40°N. This northern RG, which is simulated favorably in the eddy-resolving OGCM for the Earth Simulator (OFES) hindcast run model, has a maximum volume transport at 26.4 Sv across 159°E and its presence persists on the interannual and longer time scales. An examination of the time-mean x-momentum balance from the OFES hindcast run output reveals that horizontal convergence of Reynolds stresses works to accelerate both the eastward-flowing Kuroshio Extension jet and a westward mean flow north of the meandering jet. The fact that the northern RG is eddy driven is further confirmed by examining the turbulent Sverdrup balance, in which convergent eddy potential vorticity fluxes are found to induce the cyclonic RG across the background potential vorticity gradient field. For the strength of the simulated northern RG, the authors find the eddy dissipation effect to be important as well.

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Behringer, Michael, Sebastian Neuerburg, Maria Matthews, and Joachim Mester. "Effects of Two Different Resistance-Training Programs on Mean Tennis-Serve Velocity in Adolescents." Pediatric Exercise Science 25, no. 3 (August 2013): 370–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.25.3.370.

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The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the transferability of 2 different resistance training protocols on service velocity and its precision consistency in junior tennis players. Thirty-six male athletes (15.03 ± 1.64 years) were randomly assigned to a machine-based resistance-training group (RG, n = 12), a plyometric training group (PG, n = 12), and a control group (CG, n = 12). For a period of 8 weeks, both intervention groups resistance trained 2 days per week in addition to their regular tennis training, whereas the CG had no extra training. Mean service velocity over 20 maximum-velocity serves increased significantly more in PG (3.78%; p < .05) when compared with CG, whereas no such changes could be found in the RG (1.18%; p > .05). Service precision did not change from pre- to posttest in all three groups (p > .05). Only the plyometric training program tested, improved mean service velocity over 20 maximum-velocity serves in junior tennis players but did not affect service precision.

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Kaproń, M., E. Czerniak, M. Łukaszewicz, and A. Danielewicz. "Genetic parameters of body conformation and performance traits of Wielkopolski horses registered in the successive volumes of the Herdbook." Archives Animal Breeding 56, no. 1 (October 10, 2013): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-012.

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Abstract. The study covered 11 376 horses registered in the six successive volumes of the Wielkopolski Herdbook. The level of variability in the body conformation indices and in the performance value indices was analysed. The genetic basis parameters for the body conformation and performance traits of the Wielkopolski horses were assessed. A high level of heritability was identified for the wither height (h2 = 0.566) and cannon circumference (h2 = 0.418), with an average heritability level of the other analysed characteristics (ranging from h2 = 0.205 – for the stallion performance test results to h2 = 0.350 – in the case of chest circumference). On the other hand, genetic correlation between the analysed indices produced the highest values for the relationship between wither height and cannon (rG = 0.636) and chest (rG = 0.551) circumference, as well as for the interrelation between the above dimensions and the following body structure indices: »boniness« (rG = 0.690) and »bulkiness« (rG = 0.541). Considering the extensive scope of the study – and the fact that the breed population was registered in the Wielkopolski Herdbook – the authors suggested the advisability of using the results of the present study for the modification of breeding programs with a view to improve the breed in question, both its principal population and the one included in the program of gene-pool protection.

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Liu, Qinghua, Zhichun Zhou, Huihua Fan, and Yurong Liu. "Genetic Variation and Correlation among Resin Yield, Growth, and Morphologic Traits of Pinus massoniana." Silvae Genetica 62, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2013-0005.

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AbstractIn breeding programs, the variations and relationships among main traits need to be understood to develop selection and breeding strategies. Resin is considered as one of most important non-timber production of P. massoniana which can privides terpenes used in the chemical industry. The present study assessed the genetic variations in growth, morphologic traits, and resin yield, as well as the phenotypic and genetic correlations between these traits of 45 half-sib families of eight-year-old Pinus massoniana trees. All traits show highly significant family effects. The individual heritability for diameter at breast height (DBH) was the highest (hi2=0.55). Heritabilities for resin yield, tree height, crown depth, and the height to the live crown were slightly lower than DBH, ranging from 0.32 to 0.45. The other traits were under weak genetic control and heritabilities ranged from 0.17 to 0.20. All growth and morphologic traits were significantly correlated genetically with resin yield. Number of living branches had the highest genetic correlation with resin yield (rg=0.99), followed by DBH and number of living whorls (rg=0.73 and 0.70). Only a moderate positive genetic correlation with resin yield was found with the other traits (rg=0.47-0.57), except for height under the living branches (rg=-0.45). The results of this study indicate that both resin yield and growth can be improved simultaneously in the next generation. Of the traits assessed DBH was the optimum trait for indirectly selecting high-yielding resin trees.

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Semão, Florisvaldo Aparecido, Ana Claudia De Souza Hirata, Larissa Dragonetti Bertin, and Rodrigo Franco De Oliveira. "Proprioception influence in the balance of gymnastics rhythmic postural athletes." Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal 13 (December 21, 2015): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2015.13.338.

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Introduction: Rhythmic gymnastics (RG) is a sport that combines art biomechanical gestures of high complexity, which requires a high level of development of physical qualities such as agility, flexibility, strength, impulsion and dexterity. In this modality studies show that injuries are attributed more articulate knees, ankles, and in some cases ends wrist sprains being the most frequently recorded in athletes in competition level. Therefore, proprioception and muscle control play a fundamental role in dynamic joint stability, since after orthopedic injuries sensorimotor some characteristics are altered and should be focused on rehabilitation programs to get a better return so the activities prior to the injury. Objective: The objective of this project is to evaluate the effect of proprioceptive training on postural balance of athletes in rhythmic gymnastics - RG, from the use of a force platform BIOMEC400 (EMG System do Brazil, Ltda SP). Method: We performed a proprioceptive training in thirty days, in two stages, moving the complexity of the exercises each phase proprioceptive training. Results: We observed that there was a significant improvement in results of training, when it was used more complex exercises and agility exercises before. Conclusion: Because it is athletes RG high performance and present a predominance of activities in one foot, protocols proprioception should be more intensively, generating a higher level of disturbance and postural imbalances.

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Lai, Meng, Leiming Dong, Chunhui Leng, Lu Zhang, and Min Yi. "Genotypic variation in the basic density, dynamic modulus of elasticity and tracheid traits of Pinus elliottii in three progeny trials in southern China." Holzforschung 74, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2019-0046.

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AbstractA firm understanding of the genetic relationships among wood properties is a prerequisite for breeding for higher wood quality in Pinus elliottii families. To examine and deal with such relationships, increment cores were sampled at breast height from 1260 trees in 42 open-pollinated families in three 27-year-old Slash pine progeny trials in southern China, and genetic variation, genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction, genetic correlation and correlated response were investigated. The basic density (BD), dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOED) and tracheid traits were found to be under moderate to strong genetic control for the three locations combined, with individual narrow-sense and family mean heritability ranging from 0.28 to 0.44 and 0.52 to 0.69, respectively. Type B genetic correlation estimates indicated that the G × E interaction had a small-level influence on wood properties. Strong genetic correlations (rg) were found between BD and MOED at the three sites (rg = 0.46–0.85), and BD or MOED showed moderate to strong correlations with most tracheid traits at specific localities. In tree breeding programs, one possible strategy would be to improve pulpwood quality and the strength of structural wood through selection for different wood quality traits.

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Tholen, E., KL Bunter, S. Hermesch, and HU Graser. "The genetic foundation of fitness and reproduction traits in Australian pig populations. 2. Relationships between weaning to conception interval, farrowing interval, stayability, and other common reproduction and production traits." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 8 (1996): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9961275.

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Data sets from 2 large Australian piggeries were used to estimate genetic parameters for the traits weaning to conception interval (WCIi-l,i) and farrowing interval (FIi-l,i), number born alive (NBAI), average piglet birthweight (BWi), 21-day litter weight (W21i), and sow stayability (STAYli) recorded for each ith parity, as well as sow average daily gain (ADG) and backfat (BF) recorded at the end of performance test. Over parities and herds, heritabilities for each trait were in the ranges: WCI/FI, 0.0-0.10; NBA, 0.09-0.16; BW, 0.11-0.35; W21, 0.12-0.23; STAYli, 0.02-0.09; ADG, 0.35-0.37; BF, 0.36-0.45. Genetic correlations between NBAl and NBA from later parities were significantly different from 1. In addition, in 1 herd negative genetic correlations (rg = -0.04 to -0.25) were found between sow stayability traits and NBA1, but not NBA recorded in later parities. Stayability was Unfavourably correlated with ADG and BF, and favourably correlated with WCI12. However, WCI12 was unfavourably correlated genetically with BF (rg = -0.24) but uncorrelated with ADG. Antagonistic relationships also existed between NBA and BW, NBA and W21, and BW and STAY. In addition to the traditional traits currently included in pig-breeding programs (e.g. ADG, BF, and NBA), traits such as WCI, BW, and STAY should also be considered as selection criteria to minimise the detrimental effects of antagonistic genetic relationships between traits.

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Jeon, Ryoung-Hoon, Won-Jae Lee, Young-Bum Son, Dinesh Bharti, Sharath Belame Shivakumar, Sung-Lim Lee, and Gyu-Jin Rho. "PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ Genes Are Suitable for Normalization of mRNA Expression in Long-Term Expanded Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells." BioMed Research International 2019 (May 21, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3093545.

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Long-term expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under defined culture conditions is necessary in human stem cell therapy. However, it alters the characteristics of MSCs. Since quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is widely used as one of the key analytical methods for comparative characterization, the validation of reference genes (RGs) for normalization under each experimental condition is important to achieve reliable qRT-PCR results. Therefore, the most stable RGs for long-term expanded bone marrow- and umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs and UCB-MSCs) under defined culture conditions for up to 20 passages were evaluated. The more apparent alterations in characteristics such as differentiation capacity, proliferation, senescence, and the expression of RGs were noted in BM-MSCs than UCB-MSCs during long-term expansion. The RG validation programs (GeNorm and NormFinder) suggested that PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ were suitable for normalization in qRT-PCR regardless of MSC types and long-term culture expansion, and the traditional RGs (ACTB and GAPDH) were less stable in long-term expanded MSCs. In addition, the use of these RGs for normalization of OCT4 expression in long-term expanded BM-MSCs showed that a less stable RG (GAPDH) showed contrasting data compared to other RGs. Therefore, the use of RGs such as PPIA, HPRT1, and YWHAZ for normalization in qRT-PCR experiments is highly recommended for long-term expanded MSCs to generate accurate and reliable data.

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Ames, Kate. "Local Voices, ‘Talkback’ and Commercial Regional FM Radio." Media International Australia 122, no. 1 (February 2007): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0712200119.

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Commercial FM stations in Rockhampton, Sea FM and Hot FM, have been operating in the city since late 2000. Previously owned by competing networks (Sea FM by RG Capital Radio and Hot FM by DMG), they are both now owned by Macquarie Regional Radioworks. The push for listeners has always been through the stations’ breakfast programs. Traditionally, commercial FM breakfast slots have been marked by comedy or humour-oriented teams. Interaction with these teams in a metropolitan environment has not been studied academically, but studies of interaction between listeners and presenters of breakfast programs in the Rockhampton and Gladstone region reveal that talkback in a traditional sense has emerged as a vital component of the programs, at times focusing on serious local issues. This paper reveals the results of analysis of interaction between listeners and breakfast presenters on Hot FM and Sea FM. It shows that the commercial FM stations provide an important opportunity for locals to voice their opinions on local issues in a format generally renowned for its light-hearted approach to engaging listeners. Where previously ‘talkback’ has been associated with ABC and commercial AM stations, this paper will consider definitions of talkback in terms of its application in a regional setting, and reveals the popularity of the format for a demographic previously ignored in the Central Queensland media landscape.

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Bunter, K. L., S. Hermesch, B. G. Luxford, H.-U. Graser, and R. E. Crump. "Insulin-like growth factor-I measured in juvenile pigs is genetically correlated with economically important performance traits." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 8 (2005): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05048.

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Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a naturally occurring polypeptide produced in the liver, muscle and fat tissues. It is known to be associated with growth and development during the postnatal growth period. Evidence for strong genetic correlations between juvenile IGF-I and performance traits would suggest this physiological measure would be useful as an early selection criterion. This paper reports estimates of genetic parameters from 9 trials where IGF-I was measured in juvenile pigs. All trials involved populations undergoing active selection for improved performance (e.g. efficient lean meat growth). Juvenile IGF-I was moderately heritable (average h2: 0.31) and influenced by common litter effects (average c2: 0.15). Genetic correlations (rg) between juvenile IGF-I and backfat (BF), feed intake (FI) or feed conversion ratio (FCR) traits were generally large and positive: rg averaged 0.57, 0.41 and 0.65, respectively. Phenotypic correlations (rp) between juvenile IGF-I and BF, FI or FCR were much lower (rp averaged 0.21, 0.09, and 0.15, respectively) as residual correlations between IGF-I and these performance traits were low, consistent with being measured at very different times. Correlations (genetic or phenotypic) between juvenile IGF-I and growth traits (e.g. lifetime daily gain or test daily gain) were relatively low, with average values within ± 0.09 of zero. Results from the trials reported here, and several physiological studies, indicate that information on juvenile IGF-I concentration can be used as an early physiological indicator of performance traits traditionally measured later in life. There is a clear role for juvenile IGF-I to facilitate pre-selection and more accurate selection of livestock for hard to measure traits, such as FCR, in pig breeding programs.

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Pesenti, Fernanda Bortolo, Rubens Alexandre da Silva, Daniel Correa Monteiro, Leticia Alves da Silva, and Christiane de Souza Guerino Macedo. "THE EFFECT OF COLD WATER IMMERSION ON PAIN, MUSCLE RECRUITMENT AND POSTURAL CONTROL IN ATHLETES." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 4 (August 2020): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202604214839.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Numerous recovery strategies have been used to minimize performance loss related to delayed onset muscle soreness in athletes, and are part of prevention programs and training of most high-level sports. Objective To analyze the effects of cold-water immersion on delayed-onset muscle soreness, muscle recruitment, and postural control in soccer players. Objective The maximum load of the quadriceps femoris muscle strength was determined. After three days, the pain scale was used to measure the subject’s pain intensity. The recruitment of the quadriceps muscle was determined at the moment of the kick, and was associated with postural control. Methods Randomized, blinded clinical trial study. Two repeated series of maximum load sets at 60% MVC, performed in a knee extension chair, were used to induce quadriceps fatigue in the athletes. Participants Twenty-eight soccer players were allocated to four intervention groups: cold water immersion (CWIG, n = 7), thermoneutral water immersion (TWIG, n = 7), active recovery (ARG, n = 7), and rest (RG, n = 7), with each intervention being carried out for ten minutes. Revaluations were carried out after 24, 48, and 72 hours of the fatigue protocol. Results Pain intensity in the CWIG returned to baseline after 72 hours, while the TWIG, ARG, and RG continued to feel greater pain. For the other outcomes, no differences were found between the groups. Conclusion With regard to muscle recruitment and postural control at the time of the kick, no significant differences were found for the time periods or intervention established. Level of evidence I; High-quality randomized clinical trial with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.

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Ginsburg, Avi, Tal Ben-Nun, Roi Asor, Asaf Shemesh, Lea Fink, Roee Tekoah, Yehonatan Levartovsky, et al. "D+: software for high-resolution hierarchical modeling of solution X-ray scattering from complex structures." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 219–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718018046.

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This paper presents the computer program D+ (https://scholars.huji.ac.il/uriraviv/book/d-0), where the reciprocal-grid (RG) algorithm is implemented. D+ efficiently computes, at high-resolution, the X-ray scattering curves from complex structures that are isotropically distributed in random orientations in solution. Structures are defined in hierarchical trees in which subunits can be represented by geometric or atomic models. Repeating subunits can be docked into their assembly symmetries, describing their locations and orientations in space. The scattering amplitude of the entire structure can be calculated by computing the amplitudes of the basic subunits on 3D reciprocal-space grids, moving up in the hierarchy, calculating the RGs of the larger structures, and repeating this process for all the leaves and nodes of the tree. For very large structures (containing over 100 protein subunits), a hybrid method can be used to avoid numerical artifacts. In the hybrid method, only grids of smaller subunits are summed and used as subunits in a direct computation of the scattering amplitude. D+ can accurately analyze both small- and wide-angle solution X-ray scattering data. This article describes how D+ applies the RG algorithm, accounts for rotations and translations of subunits, processes atomic models, accounts for the contribution of the solvent as well as the solvation layer of complex structures in a scalable manner, writes and accesses RGs, interpolates between grid points, computes numerical integrals, enables the use of scripts to define complicated structures, applies fitting algorithms, accounts for several coexisting uncorrelated populations, and accelerates computations using GPUs. D+ may also account for different X-ray energies to analyze anomalous solution X-ray scattering data. An accessory tool that can identify repeating subunits in a Protein Data Bank file of a complex structure is provided. The tool can compute the orientation and translation of repeating subunits needed for exploiting the advantages of the RG algorithm in D+. A Python wrapper (https://scholars.huji.ac.il/uriraviv/book/python-api) is also available, enabling more advanced computations and integration of D+ with other computational tools. Finally, a large number of tests are presented. The results of D+ are compared with those of other programs when possible, and the use of D+ to analyze solution scattering data from dynamic microtubule structures with different protofilament number is demonstrated. D+ and its source code are freely available for academic users and developers (https://bitbucket.org/uriraviv/public-dplus/src/master/).

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Sermyagin, A. A., A. F. Conte, V. V. Volkova, O. S. Romanenkova, A. A. Kharzhau, H. Reyer, K. Wimmers, G. Brem, and N. A. Zinovieva. "119 Genetic Highlights for Reproduction and Health Traits in Russian Black-and-White and Holstein Animals Selected for Production of High-Quality Embryos." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, no. 1 (2018): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv30n1ab119.

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The aim of genetic improvement in cattle breeding is to create animals, which are characterised by high economic efficiency while maintaining the high breeding values for health and reproduction traits. In Russia dairy cattle industry the integrated approaches based on application of genomic methods for cows’ fertility and health traits along with milk production are being developed. However, their efficiency depends largely on the ability for multiple replicating outstanding individuals by embryo transfer. Therefore, the target of our research was to develop a strategy for the integrated genetic improvements of fertility and udder health traits towards the production of embryos with high estimated breeding values (EBV). We analysed the culling factors of more than 23,400 Black-and-White and Holstein cows of the Moscow region cattle population. Using the genotyping procedure by Illumina Bovine SNP50 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), the regional training group consisted of 401 proven bulls and 60 pre-selected cows was formed. After the quality check based on Plink 1.90, we selected 39,631 single nucleotide polymorphisms for the analysis. The GBLUP methodology was used to calculate genomic EBV (GEBV). The cows were additionally tested by PCR or PCR-RFLP (restricted fragment length polymorphism) for LoF mutations in the genes FANCI, APAF1, SMC2, GART, ITGB2, SLC35A3, and APOB, associated with fertility haplotypes HH0, HH1, HH34, HH4, HHB, HHC, and HCD, respectively. The evaluation of genetic variances and EBV for days open (DO), breeding per conception (BC), calving ease (CE), somatic cell score (SCS), milk yield (MY), fat yield (FY), and protein yield (PY) was carried out using the BLUPF90 family of programs. Cows’ culling rate for reproductive traits was 21% and for udder diseases was 8%. The genetic correlations, rg, between SCS and cows’ fertility traits were rg = 0.132 for BC, rg = 0.067 for DO, and rg = –0.056 for CE that can be used as an indicator for the monitoring reproductive disorders at the different stages of lactation. The frequencies of fertility haplotypes’ carriers among the potential donor dams were 6.6, 1.1, 8.8, 0.0, 1.1, 0.0, and 4.4% for HH0, HH1, HH3, HH4, HHB, HHC, and HCD, respectively. Based on EBV and carrier status for LoF mutations, we selected 46 dams and 28 sires to produce embryos with high GEBV for MY (+633, ..., +884 kg), FY (+26 kg), PY (+18 kg), and SCS (106 points) and higher as population average GEBV for fertility and udder health traits. Genome-wide association study analysis by the reliability of Bonferroni correction test (P < 1.2 × 10−6) showed the presence of quantitative trait loci on BTA1, BTA5, BTA9, BTA11, BTA12, BTA27, and BTX. Our results will be used to construct Russian fitness index for dairy cattle and for implementing embryo production technology into the Russian breeding system. Research supported by the Russian Science Foundation within Project no. 15-16-00020.

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Liu, Xin, Huirui Guan, Min Song, Yanping Fu, Xiaomin Han, Meng Lei, Jingyu Ren, Bin Guo, Wei He, and Yahui Wei. "Reference gene selection for qRT-PCR assays inStellera chamaejasmesubjected to abiotic stresses and hormone treatments based on transcriptome datasets." PeerJ 6 (April 3, 2018): e4535. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4535.

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BackgroundStellera chamaejasmeLinn, an important poisonous plant of the China grassland, is toxic to humans and livestock. The rapid expansion ofS. chamaejasmehas greatly damaged the grassland ecology and, consequently, seriously endangered the development of animal husbandry. To draft efficient prevention and control measures, it has become more urgent to carry out research on its adaptive and expansion mechanisms in different unfavorable habitats at the genetic level. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a widely used technique for studying gene expression at the transcript level; however, qRT-PCR requires reference genes (RGs) as endogenous controls for data normalization and only through appropriate RG selection and qRT-PCR can we guarantee the reliability and robustness of expression studies and RNA-seq data analysis. Unfortunately, little research on the selection of RGs for gene expression data normalization inS. chamaejasmehas been reported.MethodIn this study, 10 candidate RGs namely,18S,60S,CYP,GAPCP1,GAPDH2,EF1B,MDH,SAND,TUA1, andTUA6, were singled out from the transcriptome database ofS. chamaejasme, and their expression stability under three abiotic stresses (drought, cold, and salt) and three hormone treatments (abscisic acid, ABA; gibberellin, GA; ethephon, ETH) were estimated with the programs geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper.ResultOur results showed thatGAPCP1andEF1Bwere the best combination for the three abiotic stresses, whereasTUA6andSAND,TUA1andCYP,GAPDH2and60Swere the best choices for ABA, GA, and ETH treatment, respectively. Moreover,GAPCP1and60Swere assessed to be the best combination for all samples, and18Swas the least stable RG for use as an internal control in all of the experimental subsets. The expression patterns of two target genes (P5CS2andGI) further verified that the RGs that we selected were suitable for gene expression normalization.DiscussionThis work is the first attempt to comprehensively estimate the stability of RGs inS. chamaejasme. Our results provide suitable RGs for high-precision normalization in qRT-PCR analysis, thereby making it more convenient to analyze gene expression under these experimental conditions.

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Rebetzke, G. J., and R. A. Richards. "Gibberellic acid-sensitive dwarfing genes reduce plant height to increase kernel number and grain yield of wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 2 (2000): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99043.

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The Norin-10 dwarfing genes, Rht-B1b (Rht1) and Rht-D1b (Rht2), have been used to reduce plant height and increase grain yield in wheat breeding programs worldwide. Other dwarfing genes are available to reduce plant height of wheat but little is known of their effects on grain yield. A set of random, F5-derived wheat lines containing either minor genes for reduced plant height, or major gibberellic acid (GA) sensitive Rht8 and Rht9 dwarfing genes, were obtained from 3 different populations. Environment mean yields ranged from 2.5 to 4.6 t/ha. Genotypic variation was large and significant (P < 0.05) for plant height, grain yield and its components, and kernel number and size. Approximately 30% of lines were as short as variety Hartog, while kernel number per m2, harvest index, and grain yield of the shortest GA-sensitive lines were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from the commercial semidwarf checks Janz or Hartog. Furthermore, genotypic differences in plant height were genetically correlated (rg) with variation in kernel number (rg = −0.76*), harvest index (−0.71*), and grain yield (−0.62*). These correlated effects were confirmed with retrospective selection for height and were consistent with reported height effects of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing genes on kernel number and harvest index in wheat. Plant height differences among GA-sensitive lines were independent of variation in seedling characteristics (r2 = 0.01–0.02 n.s.), while a number of reduced-height lines produced 50% longer coleoptiles and greater seedling biomass than Janz. These studies demonstrate a correlation between the shorter height of GA-sensitive dwarfing genes and increased grain yield, and suggest their potential for improving wheat establishment through greater coleoptile length and early vigour.

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García-Rodríguez, José-Leonardo, Jesús Pérez-Moreno, Darcy Ríos-Leal, Patricia Sáez-Delgado, Cristian Atala-Bianchi, Manuel Sánchez-Olate, and Guillermo Pereira-Cancino. "In vitro GROWTH OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH Pinus radiata PLANTATIONS IN CHILE." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 40, no. 4 (December 8, 2017): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2017.4.415-423.

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A comparative study of in vitro growth of three species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) (Rhizopogon luteolus, Suillus granulatus and Suillus luteus) was performed. Fungal material was collected in adult Pinus radiata plantations. Isolation and purification of the strains were performed on potato-dextrose-agar medium and the evaluation of the radial growth rate and the increase in mycelial biomass, under different culture conditions, was performed on the Modified Melin Norkrans growth medium. The effects of temperature (24, 28 and 32 ºC) and pH (4.8, 5.3, 5.8, 6.3 and 6.8) of the growth medium were tested for the three fungal species in two independent assays. The results indicate that the temperature had a significant effect on the radial growth rate (RG) and mycelial biomass increase (MB) in all of the evaluated fungal species. The highest RGR and MBI were recorded in R. luteolus, and the lowest values for these variables were registered in S. luteus. Rhizopogon luteolus had the highest sensitivity to pH changes. Meanwhile, there was no pattern in S. granulatus and S. luteus growth response under different pH conditions. When cultivated in vitro, the three studied species of ECMF presented adaptation, exponential, declining and stationary growth phases. The in vitro growth responses recorded in the present study showed the great potential of R. luteolus to be used in future programs using mycorrhizal inoculation in the production of Pinus radiata trees in nurseries in Chile.

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Madalosso, Marcelo Gripa, Lucas da Silva Domingues, Monica Paula Debortoli, Giuvan Lenz, and Ricardo Silveiro Balardin. "Cultivares, espaçamento entrelinhas e programas de aplicação de fungicidas no controle de Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sidow em soja." Ciência Rural 40, no. 11 (November 19, 2010): 2256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010001100002.

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Com este trabalho, buscou-se avaliar a resposta de cultivares de soja, em duas safras, submetidas a diferentes espaçamentos entrelinhas e programas de controle sob pressão natural de Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sidow. Nas safras 07/08 e 08/09, os espaçamentos entrelinhas de 40, 50 e 60cm representavam as parcelas principais, as cultivares 'A 8000 RG' e 'A 6001 RG', as subparcelas e os programas de controle, as subsubparcelas. A redução do espaçamento entrelinhas permitiu melhores condições para o estabelecimento e progresso da ferrugem asiática para as duas cultivares e menor eficácia de controle. A melhor resposta de controle foi verificada com a utilização do programa após uma aplicação no estádio de desenvolvimento R1 e uma segunda aplicação 25 dias após a primeira. O espaçamento de 60cm entrelinhas proporcionou menores valores de doença acumulada e maior produtividade.

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Greeff, J. C., B. Paganoni, and R. P. Lewer. "Use of part records in Merino breeding programs — the inheritance of wool growth and fibre traits during different times of the year to determine their value in Merino breeding programs." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 4 (2005): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03122.

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Fibre diameter can vary dramatically along a wool staple, especially in the Mediterranean environment of southern Australia with its dry summers and abundance of green feed in spring. Other research results have shown a very low phenotypic correlation between fibre diameter grown between seasons. Many breeders use short staples to measure fibre diameter for breeding purposes and also to promote animals for sale. The effectiveness of this practice is determined by the relative response to selection by measuring fibre traits on a full 12 months wool staple as compared to measuring them only on part of a staple. If a high genetic correlation exists between the part record and the full record, then using part records may be acceptable to identify genetically superior animals. No information is available on the effectiveness of part records. This paper investigated whether wool growth and fibre diameter traits of Merino wool grown at different times of the year in a Mediterranean environment, are genetically the same trait, respectively. The work was carried out on about 7 dyebanded wool sections/animal.year, on ewes from weaning to hogget age, in the Katanning Merino resource flocks over 6 years. Relative clean wool growth of the different sections had very low heritability estimates of less than 0.10, and they were phenotypically and genetically poorly correlated with 6 or 12 months wool growth. This indicates that part record measurement of clean wool growth of these sections will be ineffective as indirect selection criteria to improve wool growth genetically. Staple length growth as measured by the length between dyebands, would be more effective with heritability estimates of between 0.20 and 0.30. However, these measurements were shown to have a low genetic correlation with wool grown for 12 months which implies that these staple length measurements would only be half as efficient as the wool weight for 6 or 12 months to improve total clean wool weight. Heritability estimates of fibre diameter, coefficient of variation of fibre diameter and fibre curvature were relatively high and were genetically and phenotypically highly correlated across sections. High positive phenotypic and genetic correlations were also found between fibre diameter, coefficient of variation of fibre diameter and fibre curvature of the different sections and similar measurements for wool grown over 6 or 12 months. Coefficient of variation of fibre diameter of the sections also had a moderate negative phenotypic and genetic correlation with staple strength of wool staples grown over 6 months indicating that coefficient of variation of fibre diameter of any section would be as good an indirect selection criterion to improve stable strength as coefficient of variation of fibre diameter for wool grown over 6 or 12 months. The results indicate that fibre diameter, coefficient of variation of fibre diameter and fibre curvature of wool grown over short periods of time have virtually the same heritability as that of wool grown over 12 months, and that the genetic correlation between fibre diameter, coefficient of variation of fibre diameter and fibre curvature on part and on full records is very high (rg >0.85). This indicates that fibre diameter, coefficient of variation of fibre diameter and fibre curvature on part records can be used as selection criteria to improve these traits. However, part records of greasy and clean wool growth would be much less efficient than fleece weight for wool grown over 6 or 12 months because of the low heritability of part records and the low genetic correlation between these traits on part records and on wool grown for 12 months.

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Mangla, Ritu G., Raman Kapur, and Abhishek Dhindsa. "Prevalence and associated Risk Factors of Severe Early Childhood Caries in 12- to 36-month-old Children of Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India." International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 10, no. 2 (2017): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1431.

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ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence, distribution, and associated risk factors of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) among 12- to 36-month-old children of district Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on a random sample of 510 children, both boys and girls, between 12 and 36 months of age randomly selected from various government-sponsored day-care centers, private day-care centers, and vaccination centers. Caries was recorded using World Health Organization criteria. Statistical analysis was done by using chi-square test and Mann–Whitney test. A two-sided p value was calculated for each statistical test. Multiple logistic regressions were done to calculate the risk of S-ECC from independent variables. Results In the present study, S-ECC was found in 21% of 510, 12 to 36 months old children of Sirmaur district, Himachal Pradesh. The S-ECC was found to be significantly higher in 25 to 36 months old children's age group and was 27.8% in them as compared with 8% in 12 to 24 months old children. Conclusion Providing anticipatory guidance and education to parents is essential for the promotion of optimal oral health of their children. There is a need for moving upstream to propose and implement policies and programs to improve the oral health of the very young, especially in a developing country like India, which lacks much data on S-ECC. How to cite this article Mangla RG, Kapur R, Dhindsa A, Madan M. Prevalence and associated Risk Factors of Severe Early Childhood Caries in 12- to 36-month-old Children of Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):183-187.

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Ali, Ahmed, Marwa Safwat, Walid H. Kilany, Abdou Nagy, Awad A. Shehata, Mohamed A. Zain El-Abideen, Al-Hussien M. Dahshan, and Abdel-Satar A. Arafa. "Combined H5ND inactivated vaccine protects chickens against challenge by different clades of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses subtype H5 and virulent Newcastle disease virus." Veterinary World 12, no. 1 (January 2019): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.97-105.

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Aim: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of a trivalent-inactivated oil-emulsion vaccine against challenge by different clades highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses including HPAI-H5N8 and the virulent genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (vNDV). Materials and Methods: The vaccine studied herein is composed of reassortant AI viruses rgA/Chicken/Egypt/ ME1010/2016 (clade 2.2.1.1), H5N1 rgA/Chicken/Egypt/RG-173CAL/2017 (clade 2.2.1.2), and "NDV" (LaSota NDV/ CK/Egypt/11478AF/11); all used at a concentration of 108 EID50/bird and mixed with Montanide-ISA70 oil adjuvant. Two-week-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were immunized subcutaneously with 0.5 ml of the vaccine, and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers were monitored weekly. The intranasal challenge was conducted 4 weeks post-vaccination (PV) using 106 EID50/0.1 ml of the different virulent HPAI-H5N1 viruses representing clades 2.2.1, 2.2.1.1, 2.2.1.2, 2.3.4.4b-H5N8, and the vNDV. Results: The vaccine induced HI antibody titers of >6log2 against both H5N1 and NDV viruses at 2 weeks PV. Clinical protection against all HPAI H5N1 viruses and vNDV was 100%, except for HPAI H5N1 clade-2.2.1 and HPAI H5N8 clade- 2.3.4.4b viruses that showed 93.3% protection. Challenged SPF chickens showed significant decreases in the virus shedding titers up to <3log10 compared to challenge control chickens. No virus shedding was detected 6 "days post-challenge" in all vaccinated challenged groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the trivalent H5ND vaccine provides significant clinical protection against different clades of the HPAI viruses including the newly emerging H5N8 HPAI virus. Availability of such potent multivalent oil-emulsion vaccine offers an effective tool against HPAI control in endemic countries and promises simpler vaccination programs.

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Lemos, L., H. Espírito-Santo, S. Simões, F. Silva, J. Galhardo, M. Oliveira, M. Costa, S. Martins, and F. Daniel. "A neuropsychological group rehabilitation program with institutionalized elderly." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.588.

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IntroductionElderly institutionalization involves an emotional adaptation and the research shows that the risk of depression increases.ObjectivesEvaluate the impact of a neuropsychological group rehabilitation program (NGRP) on depressive symptomatology of institutionalized elderly.AimsNGRP influences the decrease of depressive symptoms.MethodsElderly were assessed pre- and post-intervention with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and divided into a Rehabilitated Group (RG), a Waiting List Group (WLG), and a Neutral Task Group (NTG).ResultsIn this randomized study, before rehabilitation, 60 elderly people (RG; 80.31 ± 8.98 years of age; 74.2% women) had a mean GDS score of 13.33 (SD = 9.21). Five elderly included in the NTG (80.13 ± 10.84 years; 75.0% women) had a mean GDS score of 10.60 (SD = 4.72). Finally, 29 elderly in the WLG (81.32 ± 6.68 years; 69.0% women) had a mean GDS score of 14.93 (SD = 6.02). The groups were not different in GDS baseline scores (F = 0.74; P = 0.478). ANCOVA has shown significant differences (P < 0.05) in GDS scores between the three groups after 10 weeks. Sidak adjustment for multiple comparisons revealed that elderly in the WLG got worse scores in GDS, comparing with elderly in RG (P < 0.01), and with elderly in NTG (P < 0.05).ConclusionsElderly that are not involved in a task get worse in depressive symptomatology. Being involved in a structured group task means lower depressive symptoms and being in a NGRP means even greater results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Rebolloza Hernández, Hermes, Yessica Flor Cervantes Adame, Elizabeth Broa Rojas, Gregorio Bahena Delgado, and Angeluz Olvera Velona. "Fenotipeo y selección de líneas S1 segregantes de maíz tolerantes a estrés hídrico." Biotecnia 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i3.1130.

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La sequía reduce el rendimiento de grano del maíz; se requiere obtener líneas tolerantes a sequía para formar híbridos o variedades sintéticas. Los objetivos fueron: 1) fenotipear la población segregante en ambientes contrastantes de humedad, 2) seleccionar líneas de rendimiento alto y ASI corto con base a sequía y riego; y 3) determinar la heredabilidad y correlación de caracteres. El germoplasma fueron 193 líneas S1, progenitores y testigo; estos se evaluaron bajo riego y sequía inducida bajo el diseño látice alfa con dos repeticiones en dos localidades del Estado de Morelos, México. Las variables fueron floración masculina (FM) y femenina (FF), intervalo antesis-emergencia de estigmas (ASI), altura de planta (AP) y mazorca (AM); y rendimiento de grano (RG). Se observó reducción del 40 % en RG bajo sequía (0.75 t ha-1) con respecto a riego (1.26 ton ha-1), el ASI fue de 5 y 2 d en sequía y en riego, respectivamente. La heredabilidad para RG y ASI fue de 0.41. Existen líneas con herencia transgresiva para RG y ASI. La correlación del RG con FF y ASI fue de -0.23**y -0.37**, respectivamente. Existe germoplasma para generar una variedad sintética tolerante a estrés hídrico o iniciar un programa de hibridación.

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Sarkany, David S., Anuradha S. Shenoy-Bhangle, Tara M. Catanzano, Tabitha A. Fineberg, Ronald L. Eisenberg, and Priscilla J. Slanetz. "Running a Radiology Residency Program: Strategies for Success." RadioGraphics 38, no. 6 (October 2018): 1729–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018180016.

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Johnson, C. Daniel, Karl N. Krecke, Rafael Miranda, Catherine C. Roberts, and Charles Denham. "Developing a Radiology Quality and Safety Program: A Primer." RadioGraphics 29, no. 4 (July 2009): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.294095006.

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Larson, David B. "Strategies for Implementing a Standardized Structured Radiology Reporting Program." RadioGraphics 38, no. 6 (October 2018): 1705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018180040.

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Steele, Joseph R., A. Kyle Jones, and Elizabeth P. Ninan. "Quality Initiatives: Establishing an Interventional Radiology Patient Radiation Safety Program." RadioGraphics 32, no. 1 (January 2012): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.321115002.

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Broder, Jennifer C., Scott F. Cameron, William T. Korn, and Steven J. Baccei. "Creating a Radiology Quality and Safety Program: Principles and Pitfalls." RadioGraphics 38, no. 6 (October 2018): 1786–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018180032.

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Kotarska, Katarzyna, Małgorzata Paczyńska-Jędrycka, Katarzyna Sygit, Kamila Kmieć, Aleksandra Czerw, and Maria Alicja Nowak. "Physical Activity and the Quality of Life of Female Students of Universities in Poland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 5194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105194.

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Physical activity increases human health potential and has an impact on achieving a higher quality of life in society. The aim of our research was to determine the relationship between a physically active lifestyle and the quality of life of female students in the context of demographic and social factors (major, age, marital status, professional activity). The research was conducted among a group of 285 women studying physical culture and social sciences in Poznań and Szczecin (Poland). Average age: 22.7 ± 4.90. The standardized World Health Organization Quality of Life—BREF (WHQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of female students, and the original survey technique was used to study the lifestyle of people undertaking physical activity in the context of socio-demographic factors. Nonparametric statistics were applied in the analyses of the results. The effect size was calculated for each test: E2R for the Kruskal–Wallis H test, Glass rank biserial correlation (rg) for the Mann–Whitney U test, and Cramér′s V for the χ2 test. The value of p ≤0.05 was assumed to be a significant difference. In the study, it was shown that a higher overall quality of life and health satisfaction, as well as better results in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains, were achieved by female students who assessed their lifestyle as physically active in comparison to those physically inactive. Higher scores of overall quality of life and satisfaction with health were found among female students of physical education and people participating in physical recreation, who also achieved better results in the environmental domain. Female students aged 23–25 had a higher quality of life in the physical, psychological, and social domains. Having a partner or spouse had a positive effect on the quality of life of female students defined by the social domain. A higher overall quality of life and satisfaction with health were characteristic of people who were employed. In the search of factors positively influencing the quality of life of society, it seems necessary to promote a physically active lifestyle among students. The observed differences in the quality of life and health satisfaction of female students of selected majors require targeted programs and interventions that improve the quality of their lives at various stages of their studies. Such activities increase the health potential of the individual and society, not only in the biological, but also psychosocial dimension.

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Rebolloza Hernández, Hermes, Antonio Castillo Gutiérrez, Vicente Emilio Carapia Ruíz, María Andrade Rodríguez, Oscar Gabriel Villegas Torres, María Eugenia Núñez Valdés, Ramón Suárez Rodríguez, and Francisco Perdomo Roldán. "Estimación de parámetros genéticos y selección de líneas S1 en una población segregante de maíz tropical." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 7, no. 8 (August 23, 2017): 1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v7i8.100.

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En México se cultivan 7.5 millones de hectáreas con maíz, con un rendimiento de grano promedio de 3.2 t ha-1, una estrategia para incrementar el rendimiento es el uso de variedades mejoradas. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: 1) estimar los parámetros genéticos en una población segregante de maíz tropical; 2) seleccionar líneas S1 con base en el rendimiento de grano y precocidad; y 3) determinar la correlación fenotípica y genética entre caracteres. El germoplasma de estudio fueron 193 líneas S1 segregantes, los progenitores y un testigo, las líneas S1 provienen de la población F2 de la cruza de Ac7643 x B-39. Las líneas se evaluaron bajo riego usando un diseño látice alfa con dos repeticiones, en los ciclos primavera-verano 2013 y otoño-invierno 2013/2014, en Ayala, Morelos. Las variables registradas fueron días a floración masculina (FM) y femenina (FF), sincronía floral (SF), altura de planta (AP) y mazorca (AM), y rendimiento de grano (RG). Los resultados indican que el coeficiente de variación genético aditivo para RG fue de 17% y en FM de 4%; la heredabilidad para los mismos caracteres resultó de 0.42 y 0.80, respectivamente. La ganancia genética esperada para RG fue de 0.143 t ha-1 y para FM de -0.62 d. La línea LUM-80 resultó con herencia transgresiva positiva en RG. Las correlaciones fenotípicas y genéticas entre RG y el resto de caracteres fueron bajas. El alto grado de variabilidad genética presente en la población segregante permite continuar con el programa de mejoramiento genético.

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Siewert, Bettina, Mary Hochman, Ronald L. Eisenberg, Suzanne Swedeen, and Olga R. Brook. "Acing the Joint Commission Regulatory Visit: Running an Effective and Compliant Safety Program." RadioGraphics 38, no. 6 (October 2018): 1744–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2018180134.

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Anderson, M. S., and F. W. Williams. "BUNVIS-RG - Exact frame buckling and vibration program, with repetitive geometry and substructuring." Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 24, no. 4 (July 1987): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.25924.

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Kruskal, Jonathan B., Stephan Anderson, Chun S. Yam, and Jacob Sosna. "Strategies for Establishing a Comprehensive Quality and Performance Improvement Program in a Radiology Department." RadioGraphics 29, no. 2 (March 2009): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.292085090.

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Larson, David B., L. Jake Mickelsen, and Kandice Garcia. "Realizing Improvement through Team Empowerment (RITE): A Team-based, Project-based Multidisciplinary Improvement Program." RadioGraphics 36, no. 7 (November 2016): 2170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2016160136.

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Fintelmann, Florian J., Adam Bernheim, Subba R. Digumarthy, Inga T. Lennes, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Matthew D. Gilman, Amita Sharma, Efren J. Flores, Victorine V. Muse, and Jo-Anne O. Shepard. "The 10 Pillars of Lung Cancer Screening: Rationale and Logistics of a Lung Cancer Screening Program." RadioGraphics 35, no. 7 (November 2015): 1893–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2015150079.

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Rebetzke, G. J., and R. A. Richards. "Genetic improvement of early vigour in wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 3 (1999): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98125.

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Grain yield potential of Australian wheat crops is often limited because of inadequate water for crop growth and grain filling. Greater early vigour, defined here as the amount of leaf area produced early in the season, should improve the water-use efficiency and yield of wheat crops grown in Mediterranean-type climates such as occurs in southern Australia. In order to maximise selection efficiency for early vigour in breeding programs, the magnitude and form of genetic variation for early vigour and its components was investigated for 2 contrasting wheat populations. The first population comprised 28 Australian and overseas wheat varieties evaluated in a serial sowing study in Canberra. The second population contained 50 random F 2:4 and F 2:6 families derived from a convergent cross of elite CIMMYT wheat lines evaluated in Canberra, and in the field at Condobolin, New South Wales. For the first population, environmental effects on leaf breadth and length, and to a lesser extent, phyllochron interval, produced significant (P < 0.05) changes in leaf area. Large and significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed among Australian and overseas wheats for early vigour and its components. Australian varieties were among the least vigorous of the lines tested, with a number of overseas varieties producing about 75% greater leaf area than representative Australian wheats. Increased leaf area was genetically correlated with increases in leaf breadth and length, and a longer phyllochron interval. Significant (P < 0.05) genotype ´ environment interaction reduced broad-sense heritability (%) for early vigour (H ± s.e., 87 ± 26) compared with leaf breadth (96 ± 25) and length (97 ± 27). Narrow-sense heritability (%) in the second population was small for leaf area (h2 ± s.e., 30 ± 6) and plant biomass (35 ± 7), but high for leaf breadth (76 ± 14) and length (67 ± 16). Genetic correlations were strong and positive for leaf area with plant biomass, leaf breadth and length, specific leaf area and coleoptile tiller frequency, whereas faster leaf and primary tiller production were negatively correlated with leaf area. The high heritability for leaf breadth coupled with its strong genetic correlation with leaf area (rg = 0.56-0.57) indicated that selection for leaf breadth should produce genetic gain in leaf area similar to selection for leaf area per se. However, the ease with which leaf breadth can be measured indicates that selection for this character either by itself, or in combination with coleoptile tiller production, should provide a rapid and non-destructive screening for early vigour in segregating wheat populations. The availability of genetic variation for early vigour and correlated traits should enable direct or indirect selection for greater leaf area in segregating wheat populations.

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Rodríguez Flores, Irene, Andrés González Huerta, Delfina De Jesús Pérez López, and Martín Rubí Arriaga. "Efecto de cinco densidades de población en ocho cultivares de maíz sembrados en tres localidades del Valle de Toluca, México." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 6, no. 8 (November 15, 2017): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v6i8.531.

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Para mejorar el rendimiento de grano (RG) podrían identificarse variedades e híbridos de maíz con estabilidad en producción de grano por planta o mazorca (RGP o RGM) en altas densidades de población (DP) y ambientes contrastantes. En este estudio fueron evaluados ocho cultivares de maíz en cinco DP en tres localidades del Valle de Toluca, México, para estudiar sus efectos en el RG y en las dimensiones de planta y mazorca. Los tres experimentos se establecieron en 2013 en un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones por sitio usando un arreglo de parcelas divididas en una serie de experimentos en espacio. Los resultados más sobresalientes mostraron lo siguiente: a) la mejor localidad fue San Andrés (9.86 t ha-1); b) la diferencia en RG entre la mayor y la menor DP fue de 1.01 t ha-1 pero entre 54 524, 69 444 y 104 167 plantas no hubo diferencias significativas; c) los mejores cultivares fueron AS-722 y San Andrés (9.60 y 9.25 t ha-1); d) en los análisis multivariados se observaron tres grupos de variables (mazorcas enfermas - índice de prolificidad ypesovolumétricodelgrano-RG,dimensionesdeplanta y mazorca, ciclo vegetativo y acame) o de cultivares (San Andrés y San Cristóbal - HC8 - resto de híbridos). Así, el PGM y el índice de prolificidad podrían emplearse como criterio de selección indirecto en programas de fitomejoramiento y ambos maíces sobresalientes utilizarse para generar, validar y aplicar tecnología en esta región mexiquense.

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Anderson, M. S., and F. W. Williams. "Errata-BUNVIS-RG: Exact Frame Buckling and Vibration Program, with Repetitive Geometry and Substructuring." Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 25, no. 1 (January 1988): 0096b. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.55587.

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Miccinilli, Sandra, Marco Bravi, Michelangelo Morrone, Fabio Santacaterina, Lugi Stellato, Federica Bressi, and Silvia Sterzi. "A Triple Application of Kinesio Taping Supports Rehabilitation Program for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: a Randomized Controlled Trial." Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja 20, no. 6 (December 31, 2018): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9707.

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Background. Rotator cuff tendinopathy (RoCT) is a common pathology among adults. Kinesio-taping (KT) represents a possible rehabilitative treatment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficacy of a combination of three different applications of KT combined with a standardized protocol of rehabilitative exercises in reducing pain and in functional recovery in patients affected by RoCT. Materials and methods. 21 patients were enrolled in a real group (RG) and 19 in a sham group (SG). RG received a real KT application and SG received a sham KT application. Both groups received the same rehabilitative protocol. A Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for shoulder pain, Medical Research Council (MRC) Scales for shoulder strength assessment and Costant Murley Score (CMS) were administered before (T0) and at the end of treatment (T1). Results. Within-group analysis for RG at T1 showed significant improvement in: NRS at-rest (p=0.002), during-movement (p<0.001); CMS (p<0.001); MRC shoulder flexion (p=0.003), extension (p=0.005), abduction (p=0.003), adduction (p=0.007), external rotation (p=0.011), internal rotation (p=0.002), elbow flexion (p=0.008) and extension strength (p=0.011). Within-group analysis for SG at T1 showed significant improvement in: during-movement NRS (p=0.010); CMS (p<0.001). Conclusions. 1. KT application combined with conventional rehabilitative treatment can facilitate immediate pain reduction during rehabilitative treatment. 2. KT application combined with conventional rehabilitative treatment can increase function recovery. 3. KT application combined with conventional rehabilitative treatment can increase strength recovery. 4. Our findings however are not strong enough to recommend the application of KT during rehabilitative treatment for RoCT. 5. These results are the basis for future prospective, randomized controlled trials of larger samples of patients

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Reynoso Quiroga, Carlos Adolfo, Andrés González Huerta, Delfina De Jesús Pérez López, Omar Franco Mora, José Luis Torres Flores, Gustavo Adrían Velázquez Cardelas, Carmen Breton Lugo, Artemio Balbuena Melgarejo, and Omar Mercado Vilchis. "Análisis de 17 híbridos de maíz sembrados en 17 ambientes de los Valles Altos del centro de México." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 5, no. 5 (February 16, 2018): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v5i5.910.

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Los Valles Altos del Centro de México es un área agrícola muy importante para la producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) y específicamente para el mejoramiento genético y para la generación de tecnología. En este estudio fueron evaluados en parcelas demostrativas y de validación 17 híbridos de maíz en 17 ambientes de esta región para identificar material genético sobresaliente considerando principalmente su rendimiento de grano, las alturas de planta y mazorca y el ciclo vegetativo de los cultivares. Los resultados más importantes mostraron que los 17 híbridos podrían clasificarse como material de ciclo intermedio con base en f loraciones masculina (de 87 a 97 días) y femenina (de 89.4 a 99 días). La variable más afectada por la heterogeneidad que existe entre los 17 ambientes del centro de México fue el rendimiento de grano (RG), que varió desde 2.20 (El Batán fecha 2) hasta 8.64 t (Tlaxcoapan); la diferencia entre las localidades de menor y mayor RG fue de 6.44 t. Tlaxcoapan, Santa Lucía, Amealco (fecha 1), Boximo y Epitacio Huerta fueron las mejores localidades (8.19, 8.10, 7.35 y 7.95 t) para la evaluación de los ensayos. H-55, considerado como testigo, produjo 6.30 t ha-1 y sólo fue superado estadísticamente por CMT 099004 (6.90 t ha-1). Los cultivares H-55, CML457/ CML459//IML-6, CMT 099003, CMT 099027, H-57, CMT 0290502, CMT 099002 e Insurgentes (de 6.1 a 6.3 t ha-1) tuvieron RG estadísticamente iguales. Los ocho híbridos anteriores representan el material más sobresaliente para iniciar nuevos programas de mejoramiento genético o de generación de tecnología, y también son recomendables para la producción de semilla certif icada o siembra comercial en el área de estudio.

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Fossatti, Paulo, Renaldo Vieira de Souza, and Francisco Ganga. "Profesionalización de la gestión desde el Programa Gaucho de Calidad y Productividad: el caso de UNILASALLE de Brasil." Calidad en la Educación, no. 42 (March 12, 2018): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.31619/caledu.n42.56.

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Es innegable que en los últimos años se está asistiendo a un reposicionamiento de la importancia que tiene la formación de capital humano avanzado y la gestión estratégica en las organizaciones. A partir de esta realidad, este trabajo se ha planteado como objetivo central analizar los resultados del Programa Gaucho de Calidad y Productividad (PGQP) en la profesionalización de la gestión del Unilasalle Canoas, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio de caso, cualitativo, con análisis documental que comprendió: Plan de Desarrollo Institucional (PDI); Informe de Gestión sobre el Programa Gaucho de Calidad y Productividad –RG-PGQP 2013 (por sus siglas en portugués)– e Informe Balance Scorecard (BSC, por sus siglas en inglés) 2010-2013. Los resultados se traducen en discursos y prácticas emergentes para los criterios del PGQP que colaboran en la profesionalización del modelo de gestión universitaria de Unilasalle: liderazgo, estrategias y planes, cliente, sociedad, información y conocimiento, personas, procesos y resultados. Los resultados sugieren la consolidación de los procesos de gestión de la institución a partir de la respectiva herramienta en análisis.

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Calero Quintero, David, José Reinel Uribe Ceballos, Daniel José Bartolomé Rodríguez, Jaime Eduardo Muñoz-Flores, and María Fernanda González-Valencia. "Valoración genética de unidades comportamentales en una ganadería de lidia colombiana." Acta Agronómica 69, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v69n2.57710.

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Se diseñó un etograma para desagregar el comportamiento del ganado de lidia, cuantificar la bravura y consolidar la selección. Se analizaron 933 hembras y 787 machos de la ganadería colombiana “Ernesto González Caicedo” (EGC), encaste Santa Coloma, en Popayán, Cauca, Colombia. Las unidades comportamentales (UC) identificadas fueron fijeza (FIJ), distancia de arrancada (DIS), prontitud (PRO), recargar (RGR), ausencia de dolor (DOL), grado de encelamiento (GEN), recorrido (RDO), humillar (HUM), repetir (REP), tipo de embestida (TEM), fondo (FON), fuerza (FZA) y ausencia de defectos (AUD). La información se analizó con el software DeLidia®, desarrollado para esta investigación. Las UC se ajustaron según el efecto de la edad, consanguinidad, peso, sexo, lugar, tipo de festejo, número de varas, torero y picador. Se estimaron índices de herencia, correlaciones fenotípicas y genéticas y valores de cría de sementales. Los valores resultantes de h2 para la UC FZA y REP fueron de 0.06±0.03 y 0.36±0.026, respectivamente, con un promedio de 0.21±0.05 para todas las UC. Todas las rg fueron positivas a excepción de las involucradas con FZA. El valor positivo más bajo de rg fue de 0.1 para GEN y HUM, mientras el más alto fue de 0.79 para FIJ y RDO. Las tendencias de los VG fueron positivas y diferentes de cero (P<0.01), excepto FZA (-0.004±0.0004). Las ganancias por año, como parte porcentual de la media, estuvieron entre -0.191% para FZA y 1.024% para REP. Los resultados encontrados para h2 y VG en este estudio sugieren su utilidad en programas de selección, favoreciendo un mayor progreso genético

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Tormen, Nédio R., Felipe D. L. da Silva, Mônica P. Debortoli, Juliano D. Uebel, Diego D. Fávera, and Ricardo S. Balardin. "Deposição de gotas no dossel e controle químico de Phakopsora pachyrhizi na soja." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 16, no. 7 (July 2012): 802–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662012000700015.

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A deposição de gotas no dossel da cultura da soja com três pontas de pulverização e programas de controle químico da ferrugem asiática foram avaliados em experimento conduzido em campo, no município de Itaara, RS. Os tratamentos foram arranjados no delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 3, representados por duas cultivares de soja, três pontas de pulverização e três programas de controle da ferrugem asiática. Os fungicidas foram aplicados nos estádios R1 e R4 da cultura. As variáveis analisadas foram: densidade de gotas, diâmetro mediano volumétrico (DMV), índice de área foliar (IAF), severidade da ferrugem asiática e rendimento de grãos da cultura. Elaborou-se, com base nos dados de severidade da ferrugem asiática, a área abaixo da curva de progresso da ferrugem (AACPF). As pontas de pulverização estudadas diferiram significativamente quanto à deposição de gotas nos três terços do dossel vegetal, DMV, AACPF e rendimento de grãos. O incremento médio no rendimento de grãos pela aplicação de fungicidas foi de 53,17% na cultivar Asgrow 8000 RG e 29,89% na cultivar Agiara RR. O IAF das cultivares influenciou na penetração e deposição de gotas no dossel da cultura.

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Domínguez-Viveros, Joel, Felipe Alonso Rodríguez-Almeida, Rafael Rafael Núñez-Domínguez, Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde, and Agustín Ruiz-Flores. "Parámetros genéticos y tendencias genéticas para características de comportamiento en ganaderías de lida mexicanas." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 5, no. 3 (February 26, 2015): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v5i3.3970.

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Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: estimar componentes de varianza; calcular heredabilidades (h2) ycorrelaciones genéticas (rg); predecir valores genéticos (VG), y analizar las tendencias a través del tiempo. Se analizó la información de comportamiento en cuatro ganaderías de lidia mexicanas: Los Encinos (ENC), Montecristo (MCR),San José (SJO) y Fernando de la Mora (FMO). La información analizada correspondió a las notas de tienta al caballo(TC), tienta a pie (TP), lidia a caballo (LC) y lidia a pie (LP). El número de observaciones osciló de 154 a 2,369 y el número de animales en los pedigríes varió de 3,246 a 8,962; se realizó un análisis multivariado con el software MTDFREML. Las heredabilidades obtenidas fueron de 0.09±0.05 a 0.47±0.22, y un promedio de 0.28±0.09; la h2 promedio por características fue de 0.33±0.06 para TC y TP, 0.23±0.14 para LC y 0.27±0.12 para LP. Todas las rgfueron positivas y superiores a 0.50; con excepción en TP y LP (0.44±0.38) en FMO y TC y LP (0.28±0.14) en MCR. La rg promedio dentro de ganadería fue de 0.71±0.14 en MCR, 0.77±0.35 en FMO, 0.78±0.18 en ENC y 0.85±0.31en SJO. Las tendencias de los VG fueron positivas y diferentes de cero (P<0.02), excepto en LP de FMO (P>0.05).La ganancia por año, como parte porcentual de la media, osciló de 0.19 % en LC de FMO a 1.5 % en TP de ENC. Las estimaciones de heredabilidad y la variabilidad de los valores genéticos sugieren su utilidad en programas de selección, favoreciendo un mayor progreso genético.

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Cristina Mungioli, Maria, Tomaz Affonso Penner, and Flavia Suzue de Mesquita Ikeda. "ETHOS DISCURSIVO DA MARCA NETFLIX NO YOUTUBE: INTERDISCURSO E STORYTELLING EM ESTRATÉGIAS DE PROPAGAÇÃO DE CONTEÚDOS." Revista GEMInIS 12, no. 1 (July 3, 2021): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.53450/2179-1465.rg.2021v12i1p189-211.

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O trabalho analisa os vídeos de divulgação da Netflix Brasil no YouTube com o objetivo de estudar a construção de ethos discursivo da marca por meio da sua enunciação, do uso de storytelling e de estratégias discursivas para propagação de conteúdo. A análise destaca o interdiscurso como elemento chave para o sucesso dos vídeos que utilizam estratégias discursivas que inter-relacionam personagens de seus programas com personalidades da mídia nacional. O gênero humor adotado nos vídeos contribui para a construção do ethos discursivo da marca, além de atuar como elemento importante para engajamento dos fãs e propagação do discurso de marca.

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Estrada Campuzano, Gaspar, Cristóbal Valdés Valdés, Aurelio Domínguez López, Carlos Gustavo Martínez Rueda, and Edgar Jesús Morales-Rosales. "Variabilidad en carbohidratos solubles del tallo y su contribución al rendimiento de grano en trigo." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 10, no. 3 (May 14, 2019): 615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i3.1540.

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En trigo la capacidad para almacenar carbohidratos solubles (CHS) en el tallo y remobilizarlos hacia el grano, constituye una característica deseable a incorporar en el germoplasma dirigido a regiones donde ocurre con frecuencia sequía terminal. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la variabilidad en la acumulación y remobilización de los carbohidratos solubles en agua (CHS) y su contribución al rendimiento de grano cuando la fuente postantesis es alterada por defoliación y estrés hídrico. Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en el ciclo verano-otoño 2013 (temporal, exp. 1) e invierno-primavera 2013-2014 (riego, exp. 2) en Toluca, México, a una densidad de 350 semillas m-2, en el exp. 1 la defoliación se realizó 7 días después de antesis y en el exp. 2 no se regó después de antesis. En el exp. 1 se estudiaron 60 líneas élite de trigo y dos tratamientos de reducción de fuente (defoliado y sin defoliar, llamados ambientes en adelante), bajo un diseño de parcelas divididas con 2 repeticiones. El exp. 2 consistió en 20 genotipos seleccionados del exp. 1 y sometidos a dos regímenes hídricos (riego y sequía postfloración) en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con 3 repeticiones en donde cada régimen hídrico se consideró un ambiente. Se observó gran variabilidad para rendimiento de grano (RG) y las características fisiológicas asociadas. El RG fue reducido en promedio 14% por efecto de la defoliación y sequía pos-antesis. La mayor contribución de CHS estuvo en línea con una mayor eficiencia de remobilización. Existen genotipos promisorios para usarse en programas de mejoramiento genético con miras a incorporar características fisiológicas para incrementar el rendimiento potencial bajo condiciones de estreses bióticos o abióticos en pos-antesis.

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Sánchez, Alejandro, Antonio Ortega, and David Sanz. "Ganar o perder en los torneos de Grand Slam en el tenis en silla de ruedas." ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review 26, no. 74 (April 30, 2018): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52383/itfcoaching.v26i74.269.

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En 2016 fue la primera vez que el torneo de Wimbledon incluyó la modalidad individual de Tenis en Silla de Ruedas (TSR) dentro del programa de su competición, por lo que a día de hoy este deporte tiene presencia en los tres tipos de superficie principales (pista dura, tierra batida, y hierba). Las estadísticas de competición pueden ayudar a entender las diferencias en el juego en función de la superficie. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo será observar las posibles diferencias en el servicio entre los ganadores y perdedores en la élite del TSR tanto en masculino como en femenino en diferentes superficies. Se analizaron un total de 42 partidos compuestos por 101 sets de tres de los Grand Slam de 2016: Australia Open (AO),Roland Garros (RG) y Wimbledon (W). Los resultados mostraron que entre ganadores y perdedores el rendimiento varía en función de la superficie en la que se juega. Las conclusiones de este trabajo pueden ayudar a los entrenadores a adaptar sus entrenamientos en función de la superficie de la competición.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Programs RG'

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