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Vecino, Gustavo Angel. "Applying web-based project management techniques to dredging projects." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7796.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Feegrade, S. "Project control using adaptive techniques." Thesis, Coventry University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376532.
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Karapinar, Akin. "Project Management, Time Management and Motivation for building renovation projects." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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This thesis includes a study and research on project management, time management and motivation. Study and research starts with the introduction of management techniques and tools and continues with the case study. Case study is a restoration project time management of Farabi building in Nicosia, North Cyprus. Techniques and tools which learned and researched for project management, time management and motivation adapted on Farabi building restoration project which held in 2017. With that, a new case study created from the scratch by using all of these knowledge with a proper discussion.
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Kuczora, Paul William. "Integration project management methodologies using knowledge-based system techniques." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332065.
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Pade, Caroline Ileje. "An investigation of ICT project management techniques for sustainable ICT projects in rural development." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002769.
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Poverty alleviation by means of rural development has become a priority among developing countries. In turn, rural development may be significantly enhanced and supported by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), the use of which is highlighted by the emerging importance of information and knowledge as key strategic resources for social and economic development. An analysis of rural case studies where ICTs have been introduced, suggests that there are a number of barriers and constraints that are faced when taking advantage of these technologies. These include access to infrastructure, limited formal education, insufficient training and capacity building, financial and political constraints, and social and cultural challenges. These challenges threaten the success and sustainability of rural ICT projects. Sustainability is key to the effectiveness of a rural ICT project; therefore it is important to understand the concept and categories associated with ICT project sustainability in rural areas. The categories of sustainability which include social and cultural, institutional, economic, political, and technological, reveal critical success factors that need to be considered in the implementation and management of rural ICT projects. The project management discipline acknowledges the importance of understanding the project’s environment, particularly environmental factors associated with rural communities. The complexity of the environment therefore implies the need for a project to be undertaken in phases comprising the project life cycle. Project management practice for rural ICT project sustainability can therefore be examined, adapting the traditional project life cycle to a rural ICT project. A Rural ICT Project Life Cycle (RICT-PLC) that is sensitive to the critical success factors of sustainability is therefore proposed. In order to further investigate the phases of the life cycle of a rural ICT project, two case study investigations are explored: the Dwesa ICT community project, and the Rhodes University Mathematics Education Project (RUMEP) (MathsNet). A multiple case study analysis confirms the practices associated with the RICT-PLC model, and identifies additional characteristics, phases and practices associated with rural ICT projects. Finally, an enhanced RICT-PLC model is developed, that sets sustainability guidelines for ICT project management in rural areas and identifies the people, environments, technologies, systems, and requirements for ICTs to support rural development activities.
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Chauma, Crecencia Naison. "The application of project management tools and techniques in ICT SME projects in Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2546.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Introduction The research looked at the application of project management tools and techniques in ICT SME projects in the Western Cape. Problem Statement Previous literature revealed that small to medium enterprises (SMEs) are vital to developing economies as they provide employment and contribute to overall sustainable economic productivity. Literature further alludes that project management tools and techniques enhance SME’s ability to innovate, grow and compete in industry. However, it is unclear if ICT SMEs in Western Cape are applying project management tools and techniques in their projects. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether ICT SMEs in Western Cape applied these tools and techniques in their projects. Aims / Objectives The primary objective of the research was to determine the extent to which ICT SMEs in Western Cape were using project management tools and techniques. The secondary research objectives were: to determine the extent to which ICT SMEs in Western Cape knew about the project management tools and techniques and how to use them; to establish the extent to which the ICT SMEs knew the benefits of using project management tools and techniques; and to determine the extent to which project management tools and techniques were used by SMEs to achieve success. Methodology The research was non experimental. An electronic questionnaire was distributed using Survey Monkey and Mail Chimp to collect responses. Some questionnaires were hand delivered to ICT SMEs based in the Cape Town CBD areas accessible to the researcher. The results presented in the research were based on a survey of ICT SMEs, located in Western Cape. Out of the 341 responses targeted a total of 210 responses were obtained. The results obtained represent 60- 70% of the population interviewed. The sample was chosen using stratified random sampling that classified the respondents according to organisational hierarchy, and the amount per strata was noted. The respondents within each stratum were chosen using simple random sampling thus eliminating bias.
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Duku, Leju. "Evaluating the optimal innovative cost control techniques used in the South African construction industry." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32604.
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The execution of construction projects commands a myriad of technological, human, organisational and natural resources. However, the construction and engineering undertaking of these projects are frequently overshadowed by economic difficulties, such as the high costs of construction materials, that have a negative impact on project costs. Cost overruns have been determined as a phenomenon continually plaguing the construction industry in both private and public sectors, and very few projects are completed within cost parameters. This research evaluated the barriers to the use of innovative cost control techniques during the construction phase, and determined the level of cost overruns on construction projects in South Africa; identified innovative cost control techniques used by construction firms on construction projects; established the optimal innovative cost control technique used in the South African construction industry; and uncovered the relationship between the level of use of innovative cost control techniques on construction projects and cost overrun. Questionnaires were the chosen instrument for data collection and were circulated via Survey Monkey. A total of 123 questionnaires were returned, and they provided the base for the computation of study results. Statistical tools employed in the study included percentages, mean item score (MIS), and frequency distributions. A scatter plot was used to distinguish whether there was a correlation between the cost performance of projects and level of innovativeness by establishing a line of best fit through the set of the two variables. A line of best fit in the positive direction indicates that increased levels of innovativeness improves the cost performance of projects, while a line of best fit in the negative direction indicates that increased levels of innovativeness does not enhance project performance. The relationship between the level of innovative cost control techniques usage in construction projects and cost overrun was determined to be negative. This led to the conclusion that construction professionals are limiting themselves and are not exploring alternative or innovative cost control techniques. They were focused on project efficiency and productivity rather than cost overruns. Innovative cost control techniques identified in the study were Earned Value Analysis (EVA), Last Planner System (LPS), 4D Scheduling, Fuzzy Project Scheduling, Integrated critical path and Line of Balance, and Reserve Analysis. Study findings determined that the critical contributors to cost overruns included tight project budgets, project complexity, a high frequency of change orders by clients and financial difficulties encountered by contractors. Perceived barriers to the implementation of innovative cost control techniques in projects by participants included a poor scope definition, a lack of training and technical skill of project personnel, poor understanding of cost analysis and variables involved in cost planning. It also emerged that projects cannot meet project objectives, and construction organisations are not making use of the right tools and techniques to monitor and control construction costs. The research findings have shown that professionals have limited knowledge of innovative cost control techniques. This also concludes that they are not taking advantage of the features of new innovative techniques to tackle complex projects. This, therefore, means that complex projects will continue to experience cost overruns. This study concludes that top management of construction organisations are not training their staff to embrace new technologies and innovation. To address the barriers to the use of innovative techniques, there should be increased investment on the part of construction organisations toward affording their workforce the relevant training, knowledge and technical skill required to implement the modern techniques for cost control identified in the report. The cidb should organise seminars and workshops on the usefulness and importance of innovative cost control techniques, and workers should embrace self-development and change. Government should implement policies on the use of innovative cost control techniques for their projects, and construction organisations should develop capacity in line with innovative cost control techniques.
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Lin, Chun-ming, and 連振明. "Managerial use of quantitative techniques in building project management: contractors perspectives." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251602.
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Lin, Chun-ming. "Managerial use of quantitative techniques in building project management : contractors perspectives /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949275.
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Karivate, Pattharawan, and Muhammad Rizwan. "Role of Project Portfolio Control Techniques in Achieving Efficiency in Project Based Firms." Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-30828.
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“While project management and program management have traditionally focused on ‘doing work right’, portfolio management is concerned with ‘doing the right work’” (PMI,2006)
Nowadays organizations are facing problems with too many projects and having limited resources to execute these projects. Therefore the role of portfolio control is gaining more importance to yield the right balance, mix and number of projects, and also to deal with the challenge of maximizing the value of the portfolio. Therefore the organizations rely on effective portfolio management and are developing new methods to deal with these challenges. Hence present study involves study of those organizations that rely on portfolio control techniques to effectively manage their portfolio of projects.
The aim of this research is to investigate the role of portfolio control techniques in achieving efficiency in project based firms, examine relationship between control techniques and the portfolio efficiency, and to find the role of contextual factors like project and governance type in impacting the portfolio efficiency. Three portfolio control factors: portfolio selection, portfolio reporting, and decision making style were identified and portfolio efficiency was explained by two measures: achievement of portfolio results and achievement of project and program level purpose.
The research was conducted at two multinational organizations, a pharmaceutical company in Europe and engineering and contracting transportation company in Asia. Case study research strategy was used, and data was collected through semi- structured interviews to investigate the impact of using these portfolio control techniques in a project based firms.
The results of the research indicate that these control techniques helps to select and analyse the portfolio from strategic, financial and risk perspective. Furthermore it helps to balance the organizational priorities by taking into consideration project type, market sector, resource constraints and product lines. The portfolio control techniques also involve portfolio reporting which is considered as formal way of communication and information sharing and is believed to be significant project-level factor contributing to portfolio efficiency. Lastly, portfolio decision making helps the organizations in making the right decision in the best interest of the organization. All these control variables were found to have a significant impact on achieving results and achieving project and programme level purpose which in our research are the dimensions of portfolio efficiency.
In our study we also found that there exists a positive relationship between the portfolio control techniques and portfolio efficiency which is affected by the contextual variables such as project type, governance type, organizational complexity, co-localization of team members, communication and clarity of goals and objectives.
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Arap, Ngeno Joseph Kipruto Carleton University Dissertation Management Studies. "A study into how project management techniques are utilised in social projects; a comparison between Canadian and Kenyan projects." Ottawa, 1993.
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Rastrelli, Giulio, and Eugenio Ricca. "Reasons for the non-use of Project Risk Tools and Techniques in the Manufacturing Sector." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-98075.
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Project Risk Management (PRM) plays an important part in determining project success and it is considered an essential activity for companies. The literature provides a vast amount of tools and techniques created to help project managers to deal with project risks. However, in practice, project managers use few tools and techniques. The aim of this research is to understand the reasons for the non-use of PRM tools and techniques by project managers when dealing with risks in the Swedish manufacturing sector. In order to provide evidence on why project managers do not use PRM tools and techniques, this study identifies a list of tools and techniques to investigate, and a list of possible reasons. Both these lists derive from the existing literature and past research. This qualitative study is based on multiple case studies of seven companies with nine respondents. The companies are based in the Umeå region and operate in the manufacturing sector. This study has revealed that project managers, within the sample, prefer to use qualitative tools and techniques such as meetings and expert judgements when dealing with risks. On the contrary, most of the tools and techniques for quantitative risk analysis are not used. There is a lack of awareness regarding the existing tools and techniques, and in general regarding the basic concepts of Risk Management (RM). Project managers tend to heavily rely on intuition and past experience when dealing with project risks. Other reasons that account for the non-use of tools and techniques are lack of resources and an unwarranted use in relation to the project type. In some cases project managers might avoid or delay the management of negative risks and therefore to do not use tools and techniques. Furthermore, two more reasons emerge from the analysis of data, which contribute to a better understanding of the reasons behind the non-use of PRM tools and techniques. These reasons are small increment in quality of RM by using PRM tools and techniques and complacency by project managers when using PRM tools and techniques. This research extends prior literature by providing evidence on the use and non-use of PRM tools and techniques and the reasons for their non-use in a sector where there is a lack of research. Finally, two more reasons are discovered and can contribute to a better understanding of the existing gap between theory and practice of RM.
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Dreyer, Jacqueline. "Integrating procurement tools & techniques within the project management lifecycle / Jacqueline Dreyer." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/742.
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The relationship between project management and procurement as an
organisational function is often a clash of wills. The field of project management
is ripe with stories of clashes between project managers and procurement officers
who, for whatever reason do not work well together.
There is no lack of literature on project failure and reasons why projects fail.
Available literature concludes that successful projects are defined as those
completed on time, within budget, and in ways that meet objectives. The biggest
challenge to project managers is to mitigate risk in an environment filled with
uncertainties. Marketplace forces such as unstable commodity markets and
economic fluctuations are among the competitive forces experienced by project
managers. Suppliers play an integral role within the project life cycle and
therefore it is essential to ensure that the right suppliers are selected.
The role of procurement has changed from functional to strategic and is no longer
viewed as a backroom function, which converts requests into supplier orders. The
main reason for the change is due to challenging factors such as globalisation,
inflation, technological innovations, and fluctuations in exchange rates and
commodity markets. Due to the large portion of expenditure spend by the
procurement department within the organisation the savings on purchasing costs
can have a substantial effect on the profitability of the organisation. Procurement
savings initiatives are now far more visible on the agendas of senior management.
Selection of the right suppliers is crucial for any organisation striving to achieve
the business objectives of the organisation and meet the expectations of
customers and shareholders. The procurement department apply certain tools
and techniques to select, evaluate, and measure the performance of suppliers.
Various tools and techniques are available, the focus of the study is on three of
these tools and techniques namely: negotiations, material budgets, and the
SESPA(Supplier Evaluation, Selection, and Performance Appraisal) process.
According to the literature reviewed, a project life cycle can be broken down into
four to five key phases namely: the conceptual, planning, execution, close out,
and control phases and procurement process into five steps namely: define the
requirements, select the supplier, produce an agreement, administer day-to-day
activities, and assess the performance of suppliers.
A comparison between the steps within the procurement process and the phases
within the project management life cycle reveals commonality and the potential of
benefits that the tools and techniques applied by procurement can contribute to
the project life cycle.
Thus the challenge to the procurement office is how to partner with the project
management function in a manner that will positively impact on the project
management life cycle and the project success. With these obstacles facing
most organisations, it is time for procurement and project management to focus
on cooperation instead of confrontation.
Developing a culture that sees individual projects as elements of a business plan
will require change. There is no lack of literature on resistance to change.
Change is seldom easy and old ways die hard, even when there is wide
agreement that change is needed. Therefore whatever the reason for change, it
is essential for organisations to realise that successful implementation of change
will require a systematic change implementation process.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Vanderbijlpark Campus [i.e. Potchefstroom Campus], 2008.
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Swanepoel, Christiaan Johannes. "Setting up and running a virtual company, using sound project management principles and techniques." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53586.
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Mini-study project (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The differentiating factor of the twenty-first century will not be the size and scope of a company's resources, the global economy makes it possible for almost every organisation to gain access to any resources. It will also not be about possessing the intellectual capital, knowledge, and expertise but the ability to source it. To be the best a company can no longer afford to specialise in every aspect of its business, and purchasing everything that might become obsolete in a while is not an option. More and more companies outsouree some of their non-core activities, leveraging the investments others made by taking advantage of the outsourcing partner's skills, in order to concentrate on their core competencies. Continuing to perform an activity in-house, while not being the best in the world at it is to forfeit competitive advantage. By outsourcing to the best, the company can use the time saved to concentrate on its core competencies and probably save some money in the process. An organisation can further also only grow at the rate at which it can expand its capacity when it is carrying out all functions internal, possibly costing valuable market share. It is not merely a question of whether the benefits outweigh the costs of outsourcing but rather a question of whether outsourcing is the right strategy for one's specific situation and whether the outsourcing contracts can be designed, implemented and managed in such a way that the benefits do exceed the costs. Constant organisational change and -alteration is a given. Stable organisational structures are something of the past. Networks are formed according to the skills required for the job at hand and once the project is complete the network will disband. Activities are outsourced to the best candidates and coordinated or managed by a project manager or -coordinator. Prepared or not, the virtual revolution has arrived. Two of the main drivers of organisational change and the consequent emergence of the virtual organisation are (1) the changing market conditions - different customer requirements will have different skill needs, and demand will dictate the formation of the virtual organisation; and (2) the fast development of Information and Communication Technology - with the latter changing virtually every site with access into a surrogate office. With the latest technological developments, even the excuse of not having access is becoming a lame one. A virtual organisation's strategy involves a substantial amount of outsourced activities and sometimes even total outsourcing. Every outsourced activity in turn is handled as a project or a task of a project, making a virtual organisation a project-driven one. Running a virtual venture is therefore all about coordinating and managing outsourced projects, and a company's expertise in doing this will determine its success or failure. Sound project management principles and techniques, discussed in this dissertation, can be used to not only start up a virtual company, but also to run it.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die onderskeidingsfaktor van die een-en-twintigste eeu sal nie die grootte en die omvang van 'n maatskappy se hulpbronne wees nie, want die globale ekonomie maak dit vir bykans elke organisasie moontlik om toegang te verkry tot enige hulpbron. Dit sal ook nie gaan oor die besit van intellektuele kapitaal, kennis en kundigheid nie, maar die vermoë om dit te bekom. Om die beste te wees, sal 'n maatskappy nie langer kan bekostig om in elke aspek van sy besigheid te spesialiseer nie, en die aankoop van dit wat gou in onbruik kan raak is nie 'n opsie nie. AI hoe meer maatskappye kontrakteer van hul nie-kern aktiwiteite uit, en benut daardeur die beleggings wat ander maak deur voordeel te trek uit die uitgekontrakteerde vennoot se kundigheid, om sodoende te konsentreer op hul eie kern vaardighede. Om aan te hou om aktiwiteite intern uit te voer, sonder om die wêreld se beste daarin te wees, is om die kompeterende voorsprong te versaak. Deur uit te kontrakteer aan die beste, kan die maatskappy die gespaarde tyd gebruik om te konsentreer op sy kern vaardighede en waarskynlik geld spaar in die proses. Verder kan 'n organisasie wat al sy funksies intern uitvoer, ook slegs groei teen die tempo waarteen dit sy kapasiteit kan uitbrei, waarskynlik ten koste van waardevolle markaandeel. Dit gaan nie net oor die vraag of die voordele verbonde aan uitkontraktering opweeg teen die nadele daaraan verbonde nie, maar eerder of uitkontraktering die regte strategie vir die spesifieke situasie is en of uitkontraktering ooreenkomste so ontwerp, geïmplementeer en bestuur kan word dat die voordele die nadele oorskry. Voortdurende organisatoriese verandering en -wysiging is 'n gegewe. Stabiele organisatoriese strukture is iets van die verlede. Netwerke word gevorm volgens die vaardighede wat benodig word vir die werk op hande en sodra die projek voltooi is ontbind die netwerk. Aktiwiteite word uitgekontrakteer aan die beste kandidate en gekoordineer of bestuur deur 'n projekbestuurder of -koërdlneerder. Die virtuele revolusie het aangebreek, of ons nou gereed is daarvoor of nie. Twee hoof dryfvere agter organisatoriese verandering en die gevolglike totstandkoming van die virtuele organisasie, is (1) veranderende marktoestande - verskillende kliëntbehoeftes sal verskillende vaardighede vereis, en aanvraag sal die vorming van die virtuele organisasie dikteer; en (2) vinnige ontwikkeling van Informasie en Kommunikasie Tegnologie - met laasgenoemde wat bykans elke plek met web toegang verander na In surrogaat kantoor. Met die nuutste tegnologiese ontwikkeling sal selfs die verskoning van nie toegang hê nie In flou een word. Die strategie van In virtuele organisasie behels In aansienlike hoeveelheid uitgekontrakteerde aktiwiteite en soms selfs algehele uitkontraktering. Elke uitgekontrakteerde aktiwiteit word op sy beurt hanteer as In projek of In sub-taak van In projek, en dit maak van virtuele organisasie projek gedrewe organisasies. Die bestuur van In virtuele onderneming is dus gebaseer op die koordinering en bestuur van uitgekontrakteerde projekte, en In maatskappy se kundigheid hierin sal sy suksesse of mislukkings bepaal. Goeie projek bestuur beginsels en tegnieke, bespreek in hierdie verhandeling, kan gebruik word om nie net In virtuele maatskappy op die been te bring nie, maar ook om dit te bestuur.
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Konile, Mandlenkosi Moses. "Investigate the reasons why projects are virtually always completed late, not withstanding that advanced time planning techniques are freely available and applied." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52894.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.This thesis probes the range of factors affecting construction project delays through a literature review and survey of practical experience case studies. The focus is on engineering projects that were not completed in time. A total of eight articles have been studied and seven case studies surveyed. From the findings of this study it is noted that projects that do not complete in time could be categorised into three types namely Employer responsible (E), Contractor responsible (C) and Neither party responsible (N). The causes of delay identified from the literature study are superimposed on the causes identified from the case studies. Furthermore the causes of delay are classified in terms of importance, severity and frequency. It was established that causes resulting from design changes, ranked high in this classification whereas causes resulting from unprediotable weather conditions ranked low. Based on the literature review and the case studies, conclusions are drawn and finally recommendations are made.
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Dunbar, Charles David. "Methods and techniques for valuation of patents." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2306.
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Shamshiri, Kazem. "Effective heuristic techniques for tackling resource-constrained scheduling problems." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315227.
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Fisher, Cameron (Cameron Ardell Mayhew). "New techniques in project portfolio management don't stifle innovation with excessive phasing and gates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90712.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 92-94).
Managing multiple ideas, candidate initiatives and in-flight projects across diverse business units is a large challenge for major organizations. Overseeing global demand for projects as well as resource needs, risks, issues, compliance and value measurement requires an enterprise-class solution. Accompanying this solution are need-to-know executional dashboards that effectively serves a diverse range of stakeholders and purview roll-ups. This thesis intends to identify several processes, enablers and key success factors that effectively usher in project development efforts through their gates and phases. The arguments presented conclude that managing a pipeline of ideas, candidates, and projects-in-flight can be successfully aided by applying new techniques in Project Portfolio Management (PPM). Configuring such solutions can leverage methods that harness project prioritization, execution and monitoring. To gain maximum effectiveness, the formal and less formal influences that shepherd initiatives must not stifle bottom-up creativity, user innovation, intrapreneurship, developer agility or change management. Newer commercial offerings of PPM solutions improve upon the frameworks that simplify portfolio governance and empower enterprise innovation.
by Cameron Fisher.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Stokláska, Ondřej. "Implementace agilních metodik ve světě rigidního Project Managementu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-12423.
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This thesis's aim is to get a reader familiar with modern methods and techniques of agile project management. A short excurse into the history of project management will be provided as well as the galloping development of this area will be described. In the next part of this thesis we will focus on agile methods especially on the extreme project management, which is the main point of this thesis. For the adumbration of differences between classical and agile techniques, the PMBOK and PRINCE2 were chosen as a representative of classical techniques. Among agile methods extreme project management will attract our attention the most. This comparison will be a bridge between these two worlds, respectively between two different points of view on project management. For illustration of extreme project management, we will touch the extreme programming, however this thesis's aim is not only this programming technique, but is its integral part. Based on the information stated above, we can anticipate that we'll be focusing at the development of information systems. The reusult of this work should be a guide to a manager who reconsiders, or is forced to, a change towards the implementation of agile methods in the rigid environment. The reader should find in this compressed form which will be the embochure of the topic. Last but not least, it should be a compass in the agile management area.
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Khalifa, Rafaa Ibrahim. "Evaluating Project Assessment Techniques for High-Profile Transportation Projects Development and Delivery: Case of State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5109.
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Time delays and cost overruns in construction projects are generally due to factors such as inappropriate planning, design errors, unexpected site conditions, inadvisable tools selection, change scope, weather conditions, lack of resources, and other project changes. Time delays and cost overruns are of concern to most project managers, owners, and governments. These elements of time and cost are two of the critical defects that impact the construction project delivery. These defects can lead to project failures and to various negative issues like increasing in disagreements among the project team, the contractor, suppliers, and the owner.
State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the U.S. continue to spend heavily on roads, highways, and bridges construction, as well as development, maintenance, and expansion. This continued financial commitment reflects decades of commitment to improve the transportation service for safer and better use by the general public. Despite the notable efforts from most of the states to develop the transportation infrastructure, budget restrictions and lack of funds are some of the major challenges faced by DOTs.
Highway and bridge infrastructure has a high potential growth in the U.S. construction market. Well-organized highway and bridge project investment decision-making becomes increasingly crucial in the transportation sector. In this research, transportation is specified to highway and bridge projects, and it focused on high-profile projects. These projects are defined as high-cost projects, and are associated with higher project delivery risk (typically $100 - $500 million).
All states are working with their state transportation plan, listing the projects based on each state priorities and population growth. Proper planning leads to the right decision regarding selecting the best alternative within budget, and it must reflect certain core principles, including a comprehensive analysis. To facilitate such a decision process, decision makers need a trusted decision model that considers all important options and impacts. By using a decision model, decision-making will not be subjectively influenced to favor one option or group. The decision model becomes the primary tool for selecting the best option, based on its structure levels, perspectives, sub-criteria, and experts’ input. Recently, there is an apparent need for a decision model to help DOTs evaluating their options. Effective project delivery assessment tools, techniques, or practices are strongly needed to improve transportation construction projects’ performance.
The research objective is to develop a comprehensive decision model that can be used by project managers and their teams to choose the most effective project assessment technique for measuring the success of performance and outcomes related to the delivery of transportation projects. This research was focused on the assessment techniques that are used in the development phase within the transportation project lifecycle phases.
To this end, the research identified and screened the innovative assessment tools and techniques of project delivery that the transportation and other industries have used by reviewing numerous of academic literature and technical reports. Based on the review, value optimization elements such as cost, time, performance, risk, and resources were selected to be the primary evaluation criteria that lead to achieving the model objective. Also, the model sub-criteria were investigated and selected based on the literature review and direct discussion with some experts such as project managers, civil engineers, and value management consultants.
The outcome analysis of the results showed that in terms of objectives that performance efficiency was rated the highest importance with respect to the mission, while resources presented the lowest importance from an overall assessment point of view. The results showed that Alternative 4, the VE-RACRDAM technique, was ranked as the most important alternative among others followed by Alternative 5, while Alternative 2 was ranked the least important. A five scenarios analysis was applied to measure the sensitivity of the effects of changing the relative importance of the assessment criteria on alternatives’ rankings. Results showed that Alternative 4 was maintained as the most effective assessment technique among the other alternatives in the five scenarios.
In the end, experts were asked to validate the final research results, and they confirmed that the results were appropriate and valid. The validity of the decision model and findings of this research contribute new insights into the transportation construction industry as the case of state departments of transportation. Also, the experts agreed that this decision model is generalizable and could be used in other industries. Therefore, the model significantly contributes to the project management knowledge, and construction project development and delivery success.
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Halliburton, Richard. "Exploring the project management community paradigm and the role of performance prediction." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9258.
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‘Project performance’ is the metric of delivering project objectives. This research is motivated by levels of project failure and the purpose of the research is to investigate improved project performance. The scientific spectrum is considered; arguing project management as a sub-field of management science based in ‘design science’. Despite research since the 1950s, there is no established community paradigm for project management, illustrated by multiple ‘schools of thought’ failing to stimulate performance improvement. This is investigated with respect to the changing nature of projects and their management; application in numerous industrial sectors, across increasing scope of the product lifecycle (including service projects), and the changing role of project managers as value adding ‘implementers’ rather than status ‘reporters’. Methodology examines the community paradigm and identifies the lack of community paradigm and argues that gap spotting is not appropriate. Conducting research that fills knowledge gaps does not identify underlying issues and reinforces fundamental failings. Underlying assumptions are identified and challenged. Key characteristics are examined in the context of requirements of the community paradigm. The purpose of theory is to describe, explain and predict. Some techniques describe and explain. Few, if any, predict. This locates ‘performance prediction’ as the research issue and suggests it is a missing function for performance improvement. The research focus considers single tasks within a project network. A research model of early stage deviation from plan is developed from the literature on project pathogens and incubation processes. ‘Deviation lifecycle’ as a project function is identified as having no previous evidence in literature. This is developed into a practice model extending the role of failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) and integrating weak signals and tipping point theory to test performance. Case studies examine representative application of the model and build on the previous cases to illustrate potential for practice. The case studies were reviewed by industrial experts. The changing role of project managers to value added implementers implies a need to improve performance. Research found potential to understand and predict early stage deviation and develops the deviation lifecycle and research model. Across the case studies the research model illustrated potential application. Practical implications indicate potential contribution of project management techniques based on prediction rather than traditional reporting. Developing the community paradigm based on design science is discussed as further work. The originality of the research challenges the lack of theoretical foundation for project management by discussion of the community paradigm and proposes design science as a candidate. The work identifies ‘prediction’ as a relevant but missing function from the project management ‘toolbox’, and introduces the concept of the deviation lifecycle and note no previous literature. The research develops an industrial research model that extends the application of FMEA to examine ‘performance’ and integrates weak signals and tipping point analysis to manage the resolution.
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Kapp, H. A. (Heronemus Albertus). "The Old Mutual Healthcare Call Centre Project : applying world class manufacturing techniques in a non-production environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50505.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis researches World Class Manufacturing Techniques (WCMT) and their applicability in a Non-Production Environment such as an inbound call centre in the financial services sector. These WCMT involve a set of innovative techniques and principles, which are applied by foremost manufacturing companies. These techniques however, are not sacred and one always needs to refer back to the objectives of World Class Manufacturing, namely to (a) Eliminate waste, (b) Improve quality, (c) Shorten lead times, (d) Reduce costs, and (e) Improve morale and seek other improvements. The importance lies in attaining the objectives in the context of the necessary manufacturing tasks. Companies applying these techniques demonstrate significant productivity gains, production synergies, reduced rework and more reliable on-time delivery. In the highly competitive global market, these offer a competitive advantage for such companies. A critical and essential element of a company's strategic vision is a clearly defined and healthy competitive advantage. It is imperative that a company's vision is clearly aligned to its business objectives and goals. The WCMT is a tool that aligns the business vision and strategic objectives to realize its competitive advantage. By aligning the vision to its competitive advantage, it is crucial that the company challenge its existing production processes and the way in which it operates. Existing production processes need to be continuously reviewed and adjusted where necessary to sustain the competitive advantage. This paper is a practical example of how a non-production organisation can apply these WCMT to sustain its competitive advantage. The WCMT such as Theory of Constraints (TOC), Just in Time (JIT) and Total Quality Management (TQM) are discussed and applied in the inbound call centre of a medical aid administration company. In a relatively short time span, some remarkable sustainable productivity improvements were achieved. This would imply that these WCMT could be applied in traditional non-production environments.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsings werkstuk ondersoek Wêreld Klas Vervaardigings Tegnieke (WCMT) en die moontlike toepassing daarvan in 'n nie-vervaardigings omgewing, soos 'n inbeldienssentrum in die finansiële dienste sektor. Hierdie WCMT omsluit 'n groep innoverende tegnieke wat huidiglik aangewend en toegepas word in die meeste vervaardigings ondernemings. Hierdie tegnieke is nie beperk nie en verwys altyd terug na die doelstellings van WCMT naamlik (a) Vermindering van afval, (b) Verbetering van kwaliteit, (c) Verkorting van wag periodes, (d) Verlaging van kostes, en (e) Verbeterende personeel moraal en die voortdurende soeke na ander verbeteringe. Die belangrikheid van WCMT lê in die bereiking van hierdie bogenoemde doelwitte binne die konteks van die noodsaaklike vervaardigings metodes. Ondernemings wat hierdie tegnieke toepas vind groot produksiekapasiteit verbeteringe, produksie sinergie, 'n verlaging in die oordoen van foutiewe werk en ondervind ook grotendeels meer gereelde op-tyd aflewering. In die hoogs kompeterende globale mark bied die WCMT die broodnodige mededingende voordeel aan hierdie ondernemings. Die kritieke en belangrike bestanddeel van 'n onderneming se strategie en visie is die onderneming se vermoë om 'n deeglike en gesonde mededingende voordeel bo sy mededingers te hê. Dit is van kardinale belang dat die onderneming se visie behoorlik in lyn is met die onderneming se strategiese doelwitte. Hierdie WCMT is 'n instrument wat die onderneming kan aanwend ten einde sy visie en strategiese doelwitte, asook sy kompeterende voordeel, te bereik. Dit is krities belangrik dat 'n onderneming se visie en sy kompeterende doelwitte gesinkroniseer en gelykgestel is en verder dat die onderneming ook sy huidige produksie prosesse herevalueer, asook die manier waarop die onderneming opereer. Huidige produksie prosesse moet voortdurend geherevalueer en aangepas word waar nodig, ten einde die onderneming se voortdurende kompeterende voordeel te behou. Hierdie navorsings stuk is 'n voorbeeld van die praktiese toepassing van WGMT en hoe hierdie tegnieke 'n onderneming behulpsaam kan wees ten einde sy kompeterende voordeel te behou. Die WGMT soos die Teorie van Beperkings (TOC), Net Betyds (JIT) en Totale Kwaliteit Beheer (TQM) word deeglik ondersoek en bespreek. Die navorser ondersoek voorts die moontlikheid om hierdie tegnieke toe te pas in 'n in beldienssentrum by 'n administrateur van mediese fondse. In 'n relatiewe kort periode het die navorser noemenswaardige en voortdurende produksie verbetering teweeg gebring deur die toepassing van WGMT. Die navorser het afgelei dat hierdie WGMT nie net beperk is tot die vervaardigings sektor nie, maar dat dit ook in die nie-vervaardigings sektor doeltreffend aangewend kan word.
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Svoboda, Lukáš. "Zefektivnění vybraného procesu projektového řízení ve firmě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417673.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá procesem vyhodnocování či poučení se z projektů, patřící mezi procesy projektového managementu, které umožňují projektovým manažerům zefektivňovat budoucí projekty. V této práci je využito teoretických znalostí a důkladné analýzy projektového prostředí a aktuální úrovně daného procesu pro vytvoření návrhu řešení, který cílí na odstranění identifikovaných nedostatků za účelem zefektivnění celého procesu.
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Zvejšková, Michaela. "Model finančních toků v projektu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233776.
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Presented dissertation thesis has focused on the project management; its objective has been to achieve set main goal applying used methodology, i.e., to propose a model of management of project financial flows. The pre-requisite of achievement of said main goal has been the primary research undertaken in the monitored area of processing industry, following criteria established in advance. These criteria have been formulated in particular in harmony with the evaluation of current condition of given issue both in the Czech Republic and abroad; furthermore, by interviews made in qualitative research, the verification of which has applied the combination of quantitative and qualitative research, as well as statistical verification of formulated hypotheses. On the basis of such acquired and verified data the model of management of project financial flows has been generated based, among others, on the application of so-called system approach, the pre-requisite of which has been the optimization of managerial approach and decision-making reflected in the process of budget creation in mutual links with three-imperative during project planning.
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Chalmers, Rodney Eric. "The effects of verbal recognition on work performance and intrinsic motivation: Using behavior modification techniques." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2751.
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The effect of both public and private verbal recognition on intrinsic motivation and sales performance in fourteen restaurant waitstaff was evaluated using organizational behavior modification techniques. The hypothesis that public recognition would be more effective than private recognition in increasing intrinsic motivation and sales was not supported.
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Nguyen, Phuong Nga, and Li Yuansheng. "Critical Analysis of Risk Management and Significant Impacts of its Application on Sichuan Post-earthquake Reconstruction Project." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet (USBE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-55191.
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In today’s world, project risk management has always been a complex topic, especially inconstruction industry; thus managing project risks is required as compulsory for anyconstruction project to be successful. This master thesis presents a critical analysis ofproject risk management and significant impacts of its application on the success of aspecific project’s delivery. It identifies different types of project risk managementprocesses and frameworks used by construction projects. In order to examine how risk andrisk management process is perceived in construction projects, a case study of a LeheHome reconstruction project is chosen and data collection methods of semi-structuredinterviews and questionnaires are applied. The main purpose of this thesis is to explore,describe and analyze the perceived risk management practice in Lehe Home reconstructionproject. Managing risks in Lehe Home project has been recognised as a very importantproject management process in order to achieve the project objectives in terms of time,cost, quality. The study will examine and evaluate the risk management process in specificphases of Lehe Home project and essentially analyze the empirical findings. Finally, thestudy generalizes and develops the project risk analysis and management from Lehe Homeproject and suggests for public sectors to help project managers to make better decisionsunder risky conditions.
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Hartmann, M. J. "A study to determine why some projects are finished late and overspent with-in Kumba Resources, not withstanding that advanced time planning techniques are freely available and are generally applied." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52146.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study describes a process used to determine critical success factors that are felt to be predictive of timely completion of projects within Kumba Resources. A comprehensive literature review and the knowledge of full time line and project managers who have had experience with projects were used to generate critical success factors that was felt to be crucial to timely completion of projects within Kumba Resources. Eleven items were discovered within Kumba Resources that relate well to the available literature on the subject. These were the personal skills of the project manager, project management skills, overly optimistic estimates to obtain project approval, organisational culture, vague and conflicting scope definition, no proper project planning, project control and visibility, no proper risk management communication management not up to standard, changes to orders and contracts took longer than planned and delays caused by poor project integration. In addition, these eleven items have been reduced to six factors with the use of factor analysis. The six factors found were (1) Organisational culture, (2) Technology management, (3) Contract management, (4) Autocratic behaviour, (5) Project design and development and (6) Role clarification. Of these six factors, only technology management proofed to be well managed within Kumba Resources. This study has provided the basis for developing an intervention through which the performance on project management within Kumba Resources will be improved.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie beskryf die proses wat gevolg is om die kritieke suksesfaktore vir tydige voltooiïng van projekte binne Kumba Resources uit te lig. 'n Omvattende literatuurstudie en die kennis van voltydse projekbestuurders en lynbestuurders, wat ondervinding in projekbestuur het, is gebruik om die vraelys saam te stel. Hieruit is die kritieke suksesfaktore vir tydige voltooiïng van projekte binne Kumba Resources geïdentifiseer. Elf items het na vore gekom uit die studie wat baie goed vergelyk met die literatuur beskikbaar. Die elf items gevind in Kumba Resources is die persoonlike vaardighede van die projekbestuurder, die projekbestuur vaardighede van die projekbestuurder, oor optimistiese beramings om projekgoedkeuring te verkry, organisasie kultuur, 'n vaag of swak definisie van die omvang wat die projek behels, geen ordentlike risiko analises word gedoen, die bestuur van kommunikasie is nie op standaard nie, veranderings aan kontrakte en bestellings neem langer as beplan en vertragings word veroorsaak deur swak bestuur van projekintegrasie. Hierdie elf items is daarna saamgevoeg in ses faktore deur gebruik te maak van faktoranalise. Die ses faktore wat gevind is, is (1) Organisasie kultuur, (2) Tegnologie bestuur, (3) Kontrak bestuur, (4) Outokratiese gedrag, (5) Projek ontwerp en ontwikkeling en (6) Roluitklaring. Van die ses faktore blyk dit dat slegs tegnologie bestuur baie goed gedoen word binne Kumba Resources. Hierdie studie verskaf dus die basis en motivering vir die ontwikkeling van 'n interfensie om die prestasie in terme van projekbestuur binne Kumba Resources te verbeter.
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Eder, Samuel. "Práticas de gerenciamento de projetos de escopo e tempo nas perspectivas das abordagens ágil e tradicional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-23092012-220004/.
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A teoria de gerenciamento de projetos (GP) tem sido alvo de proposições de novas abordagens, como o gerenciamento ágil de projetos (GAP), resultando em novas práticas, técnicas e ferramentas, ainda pouco identificadas e caracterizadas quanto ao seu uso. Não há definições precisas e instrumentos que possam distinguir o uso por problemas como nomenclaturas e falta de identificação de características observáveis. Isso diminui a qualidade das pesquisas na área. Visando preencher essa lacuna, descrevem-se as práticas de gerenciamento de projetos existentes, classificando-as em termos de abordagem de gerenciamento de projetos empregada (tradicional e ágil), de forma a permitir a identificação da abordagem utilizada por uma organização. Restringiu-se o problema aos temas escopo e tempo em virtude do tamanho significativo da teoria. Para isso, empregaram-se os métodos de Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática e do estudo multicasos do tipo incorporado em empresas de excelência em gestão de projetos. Foram analisadas duas empresas que assumem adotar abordagem tradicional e ágil respectivamente. O resultado apresenta a lista de práticas identificadas na literatura e um referencial do tipo inventário, possibilitando a identificação das práticas em empresas reais e sua categorização quanto à abordagem utilizada. A análise das práticas empregadas permitiu também identificar as características essenciais que distinguem as duas abordagens: plano de projeto em duas etapas; uso de desafios e metáforas para delimitar o escopo; a ausência de sequenciamentos de atividades; detalhamento de cronograma em intervalos de tempo pré-estabelecidos (iteração); controle do andamento a partir de resultados concretos e; controle do escopo com priorização periódica pelo cliente. Tal resultado contribui para os estudos sobre o tema. O inventário proposto e os resultados encontrados permitem que os pesquisadores da área avaliem o gerenciamento ágil de projetos de maneira mais consistente, aprimorando as pesquisas na área.The theory of project management (PM) has been target of propositions new approaches such as agile project management (APM), resulting in practices, techniques and tools, still little identified and characterized as their use. There aren\'t precise definitions and instruments which can distinguish the use of problems such as lack of identification classifications and the observable characteristics. This reduces quality research in the area. Aiming to fill this gap, we describe the management practices of existing projects, classifying them in terms of project management approach applied (traditional and agile), to allow the identification of the approach used by an organization. It was restricted the problem to the scope and time themes because of significant size of theory. For this reason, employed the methods of systematic literature review and study multicase companies incorporated in the type of excellence in project management. We analyzed two companies that take the traditional approach and adopt agile respectively. The result shows the list of practices identified in the literature and a reference-type inventory, enabling the identification of actual companies and practices in their categorization on the approach used. The analysis of the practices employed also made it possible to identify the essential characteristics that distinguish the two approaches: project plan in two stages, use of metaphors for the challenges and define the scope, the lack of sequencing activities; detailed schedule at intervals pre-established (iteration); tracking progress from concrete results, scope control with periodic prioritization by the client. This result contributes to the studies on the subject. The proposed inventory and the results allow researchers to assess the agile project management more consistently, improving research in the area.
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Kanta, Petr. "Řízení kvality v projektech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114046.
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The main objective is to organize and enrich the theory of Project Quality Management, which was achieved by several sub-objectives. There was performed a research on Project Quality Management in practice not only in Czech Republic, but also in the world. This research found the most common standard/methodology for Project Quality Management and subsequently was applied in practice. This thesis also includes selection of the most appropriate techniques and tools for Quality Management. Theoretical section explains basic terms related to the topic of thesis, described the most important standards and Project Quality Management methodologies, determined hypotheses and way of questionnaire survey carried out a research related to thesis topic. Given the results of the survey is the practical section devoted to application of PMBOK methodology into practical Project Quality Management. Follows an overview of the most appropriate techniques and tools suitable for Project Quality Management also based on results of research.
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Pitiot, Paul. "Amélioration des techniques d'optimisation combinatoire par retour d'expérience dans le cadre de la sélection de scénarios de Produit/Projet." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT021H/document.
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La définition et l’utilisation d'un modèle couplant la conception de produit et la conduite du projet dès les phases amont de l’étude d’un système correspondent à une forte demande industrielle. Ce modèle permet la prise en compte simultanée de décisions issues des deux environnements produit/projet mais il représente une augmentation conséquente de la dimension de l'espace de recherche à explorer pour le système d'aide à la décision, notamment lorsque il s'agit d'une optimisation multiobjectif. Les méthodes de type métaheuristique tel que les algorithmes évolutionnaires, sont une alternative intéressante pour la résolution de ce problème fortement combinatoire. Ce problème présente néanmoins une particularité intéressante et inexploitée : Il est en effet courant de réutiliser, en les adaptant, des composants ou des procédures précédemment mis en œuvre dans les produits/projets antérieurs. L'idée mise en avant dans ce travail consiste à utiliser ces connaissances « a priori » disponibles afin de guider la recherche de nouvelles solutions par l'algorithme évolutionnaire. Le formalisme des réseaux bayésiens a été retenu pour la modélisation interactive des connaissances expertes. De nouveaux opérateurs évolutionnaires ont été définis afin d'utiliser les connaissances contenues dans le réseau. De plus, le système a été complété par un processus d'apprentissage paramétrique en cours d'optimisation permettant d'adapter le modèle si le guidage ne donne pas de bons résultats. La méthode proposée assure à la fois une optimisation plus rapide et efficace, mais elle permet également de fournir au décideur un modèle de connaissances graphique et interactif associé au projet étudié. Une plateforme expérimentale a été réalisée pour valider notre approcheThe definition and use of a model coupling product design and project management in the earliest phase of the study of a system correspond to a keen industrial demand. This model allows simultaneous to take into account decisions resulting from the two environments (product and project) but it represents a consequent increase of the search space dimension for the decision-making system, in particular when it concerns a multiobjective optimization. Metaheuristics methods such as evolutionary algorithm are an interesting way to solve this strongly combinative problem. Nevertheless, this problem presents an interesting and unexploited characteristic: It is indeed current to re-use, by adapting them, the components or the procedures previously implemented in pasted product or project. The idea proposed in this work consists in using this “a priori” knowledge available in order to guide the search for new solutions by the evolutionary algorithm. Bayesian network was retained for the interactive modeling of expert knowledge. New evolutionary operators were defined in order to use knowledge contained in the network. Moreover, the system is completed by a process of parametric learning during optimization witch make it possible to adapt the model if guidance does not give good results. The method suggested ensures both a faster and effective optimization, but it also makes it possible to provide to the decision maker a graphic and interactive model of knowledge linked to studied project. An experimental platform was carried out to validate our approach
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Lima, Júnior Elson de Andrade. "Utilização de técnicas de gerenciamento de projetos em um laboratório de uma instituição de pesquisa e desenvolvimento." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2008. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3599.
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The number of companies that are implementing the Project Management methodology in its activities aiming to reach a competitive differential is constantly growing. Despite this fact, currently there are few brazilian enterprises which have their own Project Management model. Even companies that make use of this resource in the contemporaneous globalized and competitive environment need to identify how their labor is utilizing Project Management tools and techniques in their activities. This work presents the results of a case study about Project Management in a laboratory of a Research & Development institution. The objective of this endeavour was the identification of which techniques are more constantly used and which ones are more efficient regarding their competitive performance relating market needs. Besides this fact, it was observed the adherence that exists between theory and practice. The descriptive research was bades upon the building of the research instrument, data collecting and qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study was initiated with a theoretical foundation and the Project Management literature review. After that, the case study was performed, by the application of a questionaire and interviews with the laboratoy s workers, and the compilation of parameters to make a diagnosis of the lab s situation. The conclusion is that the majority of the Project Management techniques, as they are presented in the thesis, is not completely or properly utilized. The team members who work in the lab know the techniques but some do not use them due to the lack of a mechanism that enhance its adoption on a systematic manner. To reach this accomplishment it is necessary to create and facilitate a learning process to these techniques, in order to make them recognizeable and usable according to the need in the project and the contribution they might offer to the projects success.
O número de empresas que está implantando a metodologia de gerenciamento de projetos no desenvolvimento de suas atividades visando alcançar um diferencial competitivo vem crescendo constantemente. Entretanto, ainda existem poucas empresas brasileiras que têm seu próprio modelo de gerenciamento de projetos. Mesmo empresas que já utilizam esse recurso no ambiente globalizado e competitivo contemporâneo precisam identificar como seus colaboradores estão utilizando as técnicas e ferramentas de gerenciamento de projetos em suas atividades. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso sobre gerenciamento de projetos em um laboratório pertencente a uma instituição de pesquisa e desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste empreendimento foi identificar quais as técnicas mais utilizadas e quais as mais eficientes em relação ao alcance do diferencial competitivo mediante as exigências do mercado. Além disso, verificou-se a aderência existente entre teoria e prática. A pesquisa descritiva se baseou na construção do instrumento da pesquisa, coleta dos dados e análises quantitativa e qualitativa. O estudo iniciou-se com uma fundamentação teórica e revisão da literatura sobre gerenciamento de projetos, logo em seguida, efetuou-se o estudo de caso aplicando-se o questionário e realizando-se entrevistas com os colaboradores do laboratório estudado onde se conseguiu os parâmetros para diagnosticar o laboratório. Concluiu-se que a maioria das técnicas de gerenciamento de projetos, apresentada no trabalho, não é utilizada em sua totalidade ou apropriadamente. Os membros da equipe do laboratório conhecem as técnicas, mas alguns não as utilizam por falta de um mecanismo que possibilite sua utilização de maneira sistematizada. Para isso é preciso criar e facilitar um processo de aprendizagem para a utilização destas técnicas, de modo que sejam reconhecidas e utilizadas de acordo com a necessidade do projeto e a contribuição que possam oferecer para o sucesso dos projetos.
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Bližňák, Andrej. "Podpora managementu harmonogramu v agilním vývoji produktu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399171.
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This thesis deals with the solution from the project management especially with the focus on the schedule management with attributes of agile techniques. Subsequently, the small business enviroment is researched, based on which the system was designed. At the end, the further possibilities of further expansion are discussed.
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Ahizi, Dorcas. "Évaluation de la performance de projets d’aide internationale au développement : exemple de trois projets exécutés en Côte d’Ivoire." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1226/document.
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Les projets d’aide internationale au développement sont extrêmement divers. Ils visent des objectifs multiples, prennent des formes variées, atteignent des dimensions très différentes et se déroulent dans des contextes très contrastés. Cette extraordinaire diversité suscite un discours méthodologique extrêmement normatif. En effet, concernant l’évaluation de la performance des projets, un seul dispositif est conçu dès le démarrage des projets et de façon invariante pour toute la durée de l’action. Les outils et les techniques de ces dispositifs sont censés collecter et traiter un grand nombre d’indicateurs également identifiés dès la création des projets à partir du « cadre logique ». Ces outils et techniques sont conçus par des instances éloignées du terrain, et redevables à l’égard de bailleurs de fonds. Dans la réalité, on constate cependant que même les projets dotés de moyens conséquents peinent à maîtriser le processus d’évaluation de la performance. Rares sont les praticiens qui réussissent à mener de bout en bout une évaluation de la performance. Plus rares encore sont les projets dont les comités de pilotages utilisent réellement les données issues de tels dispositifs d’évaluation pour éclairer leur décision. Pourtant, les évaluations de la performance sont systématiquement réalisées au sein de chaque projet d’aide internationale au développement. Cette thèse se propose d’expliquer les raisons d’un tel paradoxeInternational development assistance projects are extremely various. They have multiple objectives, take various forms and take place in contrasted contexts. This diversity causes a normative methodological discourse. Indeed, concerning the project’s performance evaluation, a single and unchangeable management tools is designed from the start to the end of project.This management tools is supposed to collect and process a large number of indicators also designed at the beginning, according to the project « logical framework ». Tools conceives far away from the project and accountable to the donors. In reality, it can be seen that even projects with substantial resources struggle to master the process of evaluating performance. Few practitioners are successful in leading an evaluation of performance. Even few are the projects whose committee leaders use, for making decision, data from such evaluation. However, performance evaluation are systematically carried out within each international development aid project. This research proposes to explain the reasons of such paradox
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Godot, Xavier. "Interactions Projet/Données lors de la conception de produits multi-technologiques en contexte collaboratif." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENAM0024/document.
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Du point de vue industriel, la conception de produit a pour finalité de répondreaux besoins de développement d’une entreprise. Elle fait appel à de nombreusesconnaissances et compétences différentes qui doivent concourir à un unique but : décrire unproduit qui répond aux besoins du marché visé par l’entreprise. Il existe donc de fortesinteractions entre l’entreprise, son marché et l’activité de conception. Par conséquent, toutprojet de développement doit tenir compte des caractéristiques et des contraintes de chacun deces trois éléments. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc de proposer un cadre méthodologiquegénérique permettant de construire et de piloter des projets de conception de produits enfonction des objectifs de développement d’une entreprise, mais également de ses ressourcestant humaines que matérielles ou financières. Pour atteindre cet objectif, il est indispensabled’intégrer plusieurs facteurs importants. Certains sont d’ordre technique (l’innovation, lacomplexité croissante des produits multi-technologiques, l’hétérogénéité des donnéesnumériques…) et d’autres d’ordre économique ou financier (un contexte concurrentiel trèsdifficile, des financements de projets de développement limités et incertains…). La prise encompte de ces multiples paramètres hétérogènes nécessite une approche systémique. Ainsi,une démarche en deux temps a été élaborée. L’ensemble des objets concernant les objectifsde développement de l’entreprise, son marché et l’activité de conception a tout d’abord étéidentifié et formalisé au sein d’un même diagramme de concepts. Celui-ci a ensuite permisd’identifier les interactions entre ces objets et d’en déduire les mécanismes de fonctionnement.Ces premiers résultats ont finalement été traduits sous la forme d’un processus générique quiconstitue la proposition de cette thèse. Plusieurs exemples issus des PME du secteur de lamécanique sont traités afin d’éprouver la validité de cette solutionAs an industrial point of view, product design activity answer to firmsdevelopment needs. This activity requires a lot of heterogeneous knowledge and skills, whichhave to converge towards a common goal: describe a product meeting the market needs.Consequently, there are many interactions between the firm, its market and the design activity.Therefore, a development project must take into account specifications and constraints of eachelement. The goal of this PhD is to define a generic methodological framework allowing to builtand control a product design project depending on the firm development goals and its ownresources. For this, it is important to include many technical factors (such innovation, multitechnologicalproducts and numerical data specificities) but also economical and financialfactors (as the difficult competitive environment or limited financial resources). All theseheterogeneous parameters involve a global approach of the problem. That is why a two-stageresearch approach is applied to build this framework. In the first stage, a conceptual diagram isdesigned using items coming from the company goals, its market and design activity.Interactions and behavior of all these items are deduced from this conceptual diagram. Theseresults are formalized through a generic process. This last one is finally applied to severalexamples from SME working in the mechanical field
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Blay, Karen B. "Resilience in projects : definition, dimensions, antecedents and consequences." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27531.
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Disruptions can cause projects to fail. Within the project management literature, approaches to managing disruptions consist of uncertainty, risk, opportunity, change, and crisis management. These approaches focus on developing strategies to manage perceived threats and also work towards predicting risk, therefore, reducing vulnerability. This vulnerability-reduction only focus is limiting because it takes the focus away from the development of a general capacity for readiness and for responding to uncertain situations. A resiliency approach enables a simultaneous focus on vulnerability reduction, readiness and response and thus ensures recovery. Given the context and discipline specific nature of the resilience concept, and the little or no attention in projects, this thesis conceptualises resilience in projects. This conceptualisation is to enable the identification of factors to consider and indicators to ensure overall project recovery, through the identification of dimensions and antecedents of resilience respectively. The aim of this study therefore, is to develop a framework to conceptualise resilience in projects. To achieve this aim, three case studies, namely; building, civil engineering and engineering construction projects were investigated. Within each case study, the critical incident technique was employed to identify disruptions and their management through direct observations of human activities, narration of critical incidents and review of documents on disruption. Following this, a comparative analysis and synthesis of the case studies was carried out and findings revealed definition, dimensions, antecedents and consequences of resilience in projects. Specifically, resilience in projects is defined as; the capability of a project to respond to, prepare for and reduce the impact of disruption caused by the drifting environment and project complexity. The dimensions of resilience are; proactivity, coping ability, flexibility and persistence. Proactivity can be defined as an anticipatory capability that the project takes to influence their endeavours whilst coping ability can be defined as the capability to manage and deal with stress caused by disruptions within the projects. Furthermore, flexibility can be defined as the capability of a project to manage disruption by allowing change but ultimately making sure that the aim is maintained and persistence is the capability to continue despite difficult situations. Several antecedents of these dimensions of resilience are identified. For proactivity these include contract, training, monitoring, contingency and experience. For coping ability these include the contract, training, contingency and experience. For flexibility these include open-mindedness, planning, continual monitoring and continual identification of ideas and for persistence these include continual monitoring, planning and negotiation. Also, the consequence of resilience in projects is recovery through response, readiness and vulnerability reduction. This conceptualisation of resilience is then synthesised into a validated framework for resilience in projects. Theoretically, this research provides definition, dimensions, antecedents and consequence for resilience in projects and a theoretical starting point for the concept of resilience in projects. The significance of this research to practice is the identification and development of a more holistic perspective of managing disruptions in projects through the identified dimensions, antecedents and consequences. These dimensions, antecedents and consequences provide clarity for the roles of project managers and team members in managing disruptions and thus, expand the eleventh knowledge area; project risk management, of the Project Management Book of Knowledge (PMBOK). In addition, the dimensions, antecedents and consequences of resilience in projects contribute to the curriculum development in project management and thus, provide factors and indicators that project managers require in managing disruptions.
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Hannes, Egon Martins. "Gestão de projetos de P&D no IPEN: diagnóstico e sugestões ao Escritório de Projetos (PMO)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-30042015-092821/.
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O presente trabalho pretende entender a dinâmica do gerenciamento de projetos no IPEN. Para tal, decidiu-se pela pesquisa junto a literatura acadêmica de modelos que pudessem servir de base e que após modificações e ajustes pudessem refletir a realidade dos projetos de Institutos Públicos Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento. Após tratamento estatístico dos dados algumas hipóteses foram validadas e demonstraram sua influência positiva no desempenho do gerenciamento do projeto, tais como a influência das pessoas que compõem as equipes, o efeito da liderança, dentre outras. O modelo, inclusive mostrou-se válido para explicar quais fatores são relevantes para o sucesso dos projetos. Um das principais objetivos, foi exatamente o uso de modelo de avaliação de gestão projetos, que fossem passíveis de validação estatística, e não utilizar um dos disponíveis no mercado, tais como P3M3 e OPM3, para que houvesse um controle e confirmação estatística dos resultados. Outro objetivo foi utilizar um modelo cujas assertivas refletissem a natureza dos projetos de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento gerenciados pelos pesquisadores do IPEN. Aliás, as referidas assertivas foram formuladas, e enviadas via pesquisa web, e respondidas por praticamente uma centena de profissionais do IPEN, envolvidos com projetos de P&D. A presente dissertação, acrescida das recomendações, ao final, tem como proposta servir de contribuição para os trabalhos desenvolvidos pelo Escritório de Projetos do IPEN. O modelo de avaliação, contido neste trabalho, pode ser aplicado em outras Instituições de P&D brasileiras, para que avaliem a forma e a maneira como gerenciam os seus respectivos projetos.This paper aims to understand the dynamics involved in the project management at IPEN. To reach this goal, the method chosen was research along with academic literature of models that could serve as a base that after modifications and adjustments could reflect the reality of projects from the Public Institute of Research & Development. After undergoing statistical treatment of the data, some hypotheses were validated and showed positive influence on the project management performance, such as the influence of people who make up the teams, the leadership effect, among others. In fact, the model was found to be valid in explaining which factors are relevant for the success of the projects. One of the main goals was exactly the use of the project management evaluation model, submitted to statistical validation and not to use one available on the market, such as the P3M3 and OPM3, in order to assure the statistical control and confirmation of the results. Another goal was to use a model whose statements reflected the nature of the Research & Development project managed by researchers at IPEN. In fact, the aforementioned statements were formulated and sent via a web survey and answered by almost one hundred IPEN professionals who work on R&D projects. The following dissertation, along with the recommendations at the end, was included to serve as contribution to work developed by the IPEN Project Offices. The evaluation model included in this paper can be applied in other R&D organizations in Brazil, to evaluate the way their projects are managed.
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Nayfeh, Mohamad. "A combination of cyclone and vert techniques for the management of construction projects." Thesis, Aston University, 1989. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14280/.
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Many planning and control tools, especially network analysis, have been developed in the last four decades. The majority of them were created in military organization to solve the problem of planning and controlling research and development projects. The original version of the network model (i.e. C.P.M/PERT) was transplanted to the construction industry without the consideration of the special nature and environment of construction projects. It suited the purpose of setting up targets and defining objectives, but it failed in satisfying the requirement of detailed planning and control at the site level. Several analytical and heuristic rules based methods were designed and combined with the structure of C.P.M. to eliminate its deficiencies. None of them provides a complete solution to the problem of resource, time and cost control. VERT was designed to deal with new ventures. It is suitable for project evaluation at the development stage. CYCLONE, on the other hand, is concerned with the design and micro-analysis of the production process. This work introduces an extensive critical review of the available planning techniques and addresses the problem of planning for site operation and control. Based on the outline of the nature of site control, this research developed a simulation based network model which combines part of the logics of both VERT and CYCLONE. Several new nodes were designed to model the availability and flow of resources, the overhead and operating cost and special nodes for evaluating time and cost. A large software package is written to handle the input, the simulation process and the output of the model. This package is designed to be used on any microcomputer using MS-DOS operating system. Data from real life projects were used to demonstrate the capability of the technique. Finally, a set of conclusions are drawn regarding the features and limitations of the proposed model, and recommendations for future work are outlined at the end of this thesis.
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Ng, John Chin Chiong. "Predictors of project success : a Singapore study." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Economics and Commerce, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0064.
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In the island-city state of Singapore, growth and development are very much dependent on global trade. Project management is one of the key competencies that organizations and the government seek to develop to stay relevant and plugged-in to the global community. This research attempts to examine the predictors of project success in the Singapore context. This study uses Pinto's Project Implementation Profile (PIP) instrument as a basis and starting point for further study. It seeks to discover and identify critical success factors (CSFs) in Singaporean project environment. The study also aims to validate whether the PIP, which is commonly used in western societies, is also applicable in the Singapore context. A methodology combining Critical Incident Technique (CIT) has been used to identify possible CSFs, which are subsequently rationalized and validated with the CSFs in the PIP. A questionnaire survey (n= 267), involving project management professionals across several key sectors and industries, provided data for quantitative analysis. Multivariate analyses, which include factor analysis and multiple regression, were applied to identify and validate the CSFs that are significant in predicting project success. The results produce a predictive equation involving five CSFs that are significant in predicting project success in the Singapore context. The study generally supports the applicability of Pinto's PIP in Singapore, although with some differences. It is expected that the findings of this study will provide value to future researchers who are keen to further explore the 'elusive' CSFs of project management. The business community is also expected to leverage on the findings of this study to optimize their scarce project management resources in achieving and sustaining business competencies.
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Sarker, Amit. "Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of project management technique for IT product / services development." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13274.
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In today’s competitive business world, every company wants to be more profitable. In order to keep the profit margin high, the companies need to work more. It is very hard to find any company which works on a single project. Actually it is not only any specific company’s practice rather it is a practice of the entire human being to do multiple works at the same time. The practice has also become quite common in the companies. Although the practice of working on multiple projects simultaneously has become popular for the companies overtime, the important thing is to manage all the projects efficiently so that all projects can be finished according to the plan. Multiple project management deals with a lot of challenges in terms of resource and time. The facts like resource sharing and resource constraint add more complexity to the management of such multiple simultaneous projects. It is difficult to understand the correct workload during the project and the effects of running all the simultaneous projects to the project deployment time. The situation becomes even critical if the projects run in a dynamic environment which may provide changes during any phase of it. Software development is such a process that deals with multiple projects and also the dynamic environment. The master study will focus on such case where the study has conducted in a software development company named ActionWave Development AB. ActionWave Development AB is dealing with multiple projects with having resource constraint. In this study, readers will come to know about the challenges of ActionWave Development AB in terms of resource scenario and deployment time in case of managing multiple projects simultaneously. The study will analyze the effect of having multiple simultaneous projects to the limited resource of ActionWave Development AB and will also show the effects on projects deployment time. The study does the analysis for the current case and an imaginary test case. Later solution has been provided to overcome the problem. Further recommendations were made in order to conduct an effective project management within the company.
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Prinsloo, M. J. "Fundamentals of techniques and principles used to enhance the value of capital projects." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52279.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: "Imagine improving the value of a capital project by 30%, or increasing the throughput of an organisation with 20% less capital expenditure!" The normal reaction to this sort of statement is that it is impossible and only looks good on paper. However, by applying proper principles and techniques, an organisation or project team can embark on a journey which will allow them to creatively apply those skills and knowledge in order to maximise the value of the organisation, project or venture. It will allow business to evaluate and extract value by analysing business cases, process- and engineering design issues, project development and implementation plans. Too frequently project teams find themselves tied up with the nitty gritty issues of projects, causing them to loose sight of the bigger picture. The existence hereof of this is often indicated by too much focus on actions to reduce capital expenditure and too little on the impact thereof on operational cost and value adding potential, destroying overall value of the venture in the process. This aim with this document is to provide the reader with an overview of tools, techniques and principles to aid organisations to enhance the value of capital projects. It is not intended as a handbook or manual to enable the reader to become a skilled practitioner in this field, but rather to give the interested novice, general manager or project leader a background overview of, and insight into, the steps, tools, techniques and principles available, to improve the value of a project. The basic fundamentals are not rocket science, but it is the process of becoming involved in applying lateral thinking to each phase of a project, or existing operation that unlocks the true value. This document firstly gives background on the reasons why value adding potential usually exists in capital projects, and identifies tell tale indicators of hidden value opportunities in projects. Basic fundamentals are discussed to familiarise the reader with general concepts used in later chapters. Subsequently, the steps for execution of a value improving intervention are discussed, to give the reader a thorough background and understanding of the value improving processes involved.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: "Verbeter die waarde van 'n kapitaal projek met 30%, of verhoog die deurset van 'n organisasie met 20% minder kapitaal spandering!" Die verwagte reaksie op hierdie tipe stellings is dat dit onmoontlik is en net goed lyk op papier. Die aanwending van toepaslike beginsels en tegnieke kan 'n organisasie egter in staat stel om daardie vaardighede en kennis, waaroor hulle reeds beskik, te benut om die waarde van die organisasie of projek te maksimeer. Dit kan besighede toelaat om waarde te evalueer en te ontsluit deur besigheidsplanne, proses- en ontwerp aangeleenthede, projek ontwikkeling en implementeringsplanne te analiseer, te verstaan en te verbeter. Te dikwels bemoei projekspanne hulle met die detail van projekte, wat veroorsaak dat hulle die groter prentjie uit die oog verloor. Die teenwoordigheid hiervan word veral aangedui deur te veel fokus op aksies om kapitaal spandering te verminder, en te min op resulterende bedryfskoste en waarde skeppende potensiaal te konsentreer. Hierdeur word die algehele waarde waartoe die projek instaat is ondermyn. Die doel met hierdie dokument is om 'n oorsig te gee na die gereedskap, tegnieke en beginsels wat beskikbaar is ter ondersteuning van organisasies wat die waarde van kapitaalprojekte wil verbeter. Dit is nie bedoel om 'n handboek of voorskrif te wees om die leser instaat te stel om 'n vaardige verbeteringspraktisyn te word nie, maar eerder om aan die geinteresseerde leek, projekbestuurder of algemene bestuurder agtergrond en insig te gee oor die stappe, gereedskap, tegnieke en beginsels wat beskikbaar is om die waarde van 'n projek te verhoog. Die grondbeginsels is nie kwantumfisika nie, maar behels 'n proses om betrokke te raak in die toepassing van laterale denke en kreatiwiteit in elke fase van 'n projek of besigheid, om die werklike waarde te ontsluit. Hierdie dokument gee eerstens agtergrond oor die redes waarom potensiaal vir waarde toevoeging in kapitaalprojekte bestaan, en identifiseer 'n aantal indikators van die teenwoordigheid van verskuilde waarde aan. Grondbeginsels wat in verdere hoofstukke gebruik word, word bespreek en toegelig. Daarna word die stappe ter uitvoering van 'n waarde verhogingsintervensie bespreek, om 'n deeglike agtergrond te verkry van die betrokke proses.
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Clack, Gregory Lionel. "Developing a capital project selection framework using a multi-criteria decision analysis technique in a group decision environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49908.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Everyone, generally. would like to make good decisions, or receive the greatest benefit from a decision made. Companies are no different in this respect and the process of selecting an investment project portfolio has become an important activity. This is, further, complicated by the fact that companies have multiple, and often, conflicting objectives in a situation of capital rationing. This study project proposes a conceptual framework for project portfolio establishment, for application in an industrial manufacturing type environment, by integrating project evaluation and selection, a multi-criteria decision analysis technique and group decision-making. The project issues, the selection of a multi-criteria decision analysis technique and group decisionmaking are dealt with sequentially and then integrated to develop this conceptual framework. The explorative part of this study project deals with project evaluation and selection issues, and the concept of the triple bottom line is proposed to capture the multiple objectives of the company's decision context. Further, decision analysis concepts are reviewed and three categories of multi-criteria decision analysis methods identified. Selected methods in these categories are described, examined and the advantages and drawbacks of the different categories highlighted. The Analytic Hierarchy Process is proposed as the underlying multi-criteria decision analysis technique to support this conceptual framework. Group decision-making is investigated, and aggregation procedures and a method of consistency checking suggested. Finally, the framework is applied to a hypothetical case and the results presented.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oor die algemeen wil almal goeie besluite neem, of maksimum voordeel uit die besluite trek. Maatskappye het dieselfde motivering en die aktiwiteit om 'n kapitaalinvesteringsportfolio saam te stel word as van groot belang beskou. Hierdie aktiwiteit is ook deur die werklikheid van vele, dikwels teenstrydige doelwitte sowel as beperkte fondse bemoeilik. In hierdie werkstuk word 'n begripsraamwerk vir die daarstelling van 'n investeringsportfolio vir kapitaalprojekte in 'n nywerheidsomgewing, wat projekevaluering en - keuring, veelvoudige kriterium besluitnemingstegnieke en groepsbesluitneming insluit, voorgestel. Projekverwante faktore, die keuse van 'n veelvoudige kriterium besluitnemingstegniek en derdens groepsbesluitneming word apart bespreek en daarna in die bogenoemde raamwerk geintegreer. Die navorsingsgedeelte van hierdie werkstuk verwys na die evaluering en keuse van projekte. Die begrip van 'n drievoudige maatstaf ('triple bottom line') om die kompleksiteit van 'n maatskappy se besluitnemingsdoelwitte te illustreer, word ondersteun. Daarna word besluitnemingsbegrippe bespreek en drie kategoriee van tegnieke vir veelvoudige kriterium besluitnemings uitgelig. Onder hierdie kategoriee is verkose metodes beskryf en ondersoek, en voor- en nadele van die kategoriee uitgewys. Die Analitiese Hierargie proses word voorgestel as basis van die begripsraamwerk. Groepsbesluitneming word ondersoek en versamelingsmetodes met kontrole vir konsekwentheid word voorgestel. Laastens word die besluitnemingsraamwerk op 'n denkbeeldige geval toegepas en word die resultate bespreek.
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Bohn, Jeffrey S. "Benefits and barriers of construction project monitoring using hi-resolution automated cameras." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28203.
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McLucas, Alan Charles Civil Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An investigation into the integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques for addressing systemic complexity in the context of organisational strategic decision-making." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38744.
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System dynamics modelling has been used for around 40 years to address complex, systemic, dynamic problems, those often described as wicked. But, system dynamics modelling is not an exact science and arguments about the most suitable techniques to use in which circumstances, continues. The nature of these wicked problems is investigated through a series of case studies where poor situational awareness among stakeholders was identified. This was found to be an underlying cause for management failure, suggesting need for better ways of recognising and managing wicked problem situations. Human cognition is considered both as a limitation and enabler to decision-making in wicked problem environments. Naturalistic and deliberate decision-making are reviewed. The thesis identifies the need for integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Case study results and a review of the literature led to identification of a set of principles of method to be applied in an integrated framework, the aim being to develop an improved way of addressing wicked problems. These principles were applied to a series of cases in an action research setting. However, organisational and political barriers were encountered. This limited the exploitation and investigation of cases to varying degrees. In response to a need identified in the literature review and the case studies, a tool is designed to facilitate analysis of multi-factorial, non-linear causality. This unique tool and its use to assist in problem conceptualisation, and as an aid to testing alternate strategies, are demonstrated. Further investigation is needed in relation to the veracity of combining causal influences using this tool and system dynamics, broadly. System dynamics modelling was found to have utility needed to support analysis of wicked problems. However, failure in a particular modelling project occurred when it was found necessary to rely on human judgement in estimating values to be input into the models. This was found to be problematic and unacceptably risky for sponsors of the modelling effort. Finally, this work has also identified that further study is required into: the use of human judgement in decision-making and the validity of system dynamics models that rely on the quantification of human judgement.
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Lazarski, Adam. "The importance of contextual factors on the accuracy of estimates in project management : an emergence of a framework for more realistic estimation process." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/13661.
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Successful projects are characterized by the quality of their planning. Good planning that better takes into account contextual factors allows more accurate estimates to be achieved. As an outcome of this research, a new framework composed of best practices has been discovered. This comprises an open platform that project experts and practitioners can work with efficiently, and that researchers can develop further as required. The research investigation commenced in the autumn of 2008 with a pilot study and then proceeded through an inductive research process, involving a series of eleven interviews. These consisted of interviews with four well-recognized experts in the field, four interviews with different practitioners and three group interviews. In addition, a long-running observation of forty-five days was conceptualized, together with other data sources, before culminating in the proposal of a new framework for improving the accuracy of estimates. Furthermore, an emerging framework – and a description of its know-how in terms of application – have been systematically reviewed through the course of four hundred twenty-five days of meetings, dedicated for the most part to improving the use of a wide range of specific project management tools and techniques and to an improvement in understanding of planning and the estimation process associated with it. This approach constituted an ongoing verification of the research’s findings against project management practice and also served as an invaluable resource for the researcher’s professional and practice-oriented development. The results obtained offered fresh insights into the importance of knowledge management in the estimation process, including the “value of not knowing”, the oft-overlooked phenomenon of underestimation and its potential to co-exist with overestimation, and the use of negative buffer management in the critical chain concept to secure project deadlines. The project also highlighted areas of improvement for future research practice that wishes to make use of an inductive approach in order to achieve a socially agreed framework, rather than a theory alone. In addition, improvements were suggested to the various qualitative tools employed in the customized data analysis process.
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Mannini, Paulo. "Métodos e recursos de análise de riscos para projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100131/tde-20092018-132916/.
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O gerenciamento dos riscos constitui um dos pontos fundamentais para o sucesso de projetos de implantação de um Enterprise Resource Planning - Sistema Integrado de Gestão (ERP), visto que são trabalhos complexos com grandes investimentos, longos períodos e alto risco. Um aspecto que influencia significativamente os projetos e que deveria ser considerado na análise de riscos é a sazonalidade, apesar de ser pouco abordado na literatura. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar os métodos e recursos de análise de riscos mais adequados para projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais. No contexto desse trabalho, entende-se por incertezas sazonais como incertezas que ocorrem em determinados períodos do ano, enquanto que a probabilidade de ocorrência será diferente nesses períodos em relação aos outros períodos do ano. Para alcançar o objetivo, esse trabalho foi dividido em quatro partes. A primeira delas é a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), que foi realizada para identificar métodos recentemente utilizados por pesquisas da literatura para analisar riscos em projetos. Posteriormente, com os trabalhos selecionados na RSL, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo semântica para decompor os métodos identificados em recursos de análise de riscos. O grau de importância dos recursos de análise de riscos para os projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais foi validado através da técnica Delphi, com o apoio de especialistas em gerenciamento de projetos. A técnica Delphi foi realizada em duas rodadas que duraram aproximadamente 30 dias cada uma, finalizando a segunda rodada com uma concordância forte entre as opiniões entre 16 participantes, calculada através do coeficiente de concordância W de Kendall. Por fim, as informações obtidas com a técnica Delphi permitiram também priorizar dos métodos de análise de riscos para esses tipos de projetos. O resultado obtido com esta pesquisa foi a identificação de seis métodos e oito recursos mais adequados para analisar riscos em projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais. Destaca-se dentre os métodos de análise de riscos mais adequados o método Matriz de Probabilidade e Impacto, pois foi identificado na literatura utilizando recursos \"Análise de probabilidade e impacto\", \"Matriz de probabilidade e impacto\" e \"Riscos categorizados por fase do projeto\", classificados como muito importantes para analisar riscos nesses tipos de projetos. Também foram analisadas, separadamente, as importâncias atribuídas aos recursos de análise de riscos pelos grupos de participantes do painel Delphi, formados por Profissionais de Projetos e Profissionais de Diretoria. Dentre os seis métodos de análise de riscos mais adequados para projetos de implantação de ERP influenciados por incertezas sazonais, três métodos não são tradicionais na área de gerenciamento de riscos em projetos, o que contribui para profissionais e pesquisadores passem a conhecer e considerar tais métodos nesses tipos de projetosRisk management is one of the key points for the success of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation projects, since they are complex jobs with large investments, long periods and high risk. One aspect that significantly influences the projects and that should be considered in the risk analysis is the seasonality, although it has been low discussed in the literature. In this respect, this work aims to identify and analyze the most suitable resources risk analysis methods and resources for ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties. In the context of this work, seasonal uncertainties mean uncertainties taking place at certain times of the year, while the probability of appearance will be different from these periods to others. To reach the goal, this work was divided into four parts. The first of these is the Systematic Review of Literature, which was carried out to identify methods used recently in literature researches to analyze risks in projects. Subsequently, with the selected papers in the RSL, a semantic content analysis was performed to decompose the methods identified in risk analysis resources. The importance degree of the risk analysis resources to the ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties was validated through the Delphi technique, with the support of project management specialists. The Delphi technique was performed in two rounds that lasted approximately 30 days each, finishing the second round with a high agreement of opinions among 16 participants, calculated through the coefficient of agreement W of Kendall. Finally, the information obtained with the Delphi technique also allowed to prioritize the risk analysis methods for these types of projects. The result obtained with this research was the identification of six most suitable methods and eight most suitable resources to analyze risks in ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties. Among the most adequate risk analysis methods, the Probability and Impact Matrix method was a highlight, as it was identified in the literature using resources like \"Probability and impact analysis\", \"Probability and impact matrix\" and \"Risks categorized by project phase\", classified as very important to analyze risks in these types of projects. It was also analyzed, separately, the importance given to the risk analysis resources by the Delphi panel participants, formed by Project Professionals and Directing Professionals. Among the six most suitable risk analysis methods for ERP implementation projects influenced by seasonal uncertainties, three methods are not traditional in the project risk management area, which contributes to professionals and researchers to know and consider such methods in these types of projects
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Kim, Kyunghwan. "A Resource-constrained CPM (RCPM) Scheduling and Control Technique with Multiple Calendars." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28139.
Full textAbstract:
This research presents a Resource-constrained Critical Path Method (RCPM) technique that capitalizes on and improves the existing Critical Path Method (CPM) and Resource-Constrained Scheduling (RCS) techniques. A traditional CPM schedule is not realistic since it assumes unlimited resources, some of which are highly limited in practice. Although traditional RCS techniques can consider resource limitations, they do not provide correct floats and the critical path as the CPM does. The difference between the theoretical remaining total float and the real remaining total float is referred to as "Phantom Float" in this study. Another disadvantage of the traditional RCS techniques is that work sequence in the schedule could be considerably changed with a schedule update resulting in high costs to reorganize it. These problems are caused by the fact that, in addition to technological relationships, a resource-constrained schedule contains resource dependencies between activities that are neglected in traditional RCS techniques.
This study proposes a step-by-step RCPM algorithm to consider those resource-constrained relationships. Hence, the method can identify real floats and correct critical paths, considering both technological and resource-dependent relationships. RCPM also provides a certain level of stability with a schedule update due to the newly identified resource relationships. Based on the RCPM algorithm, a prototype RCPM system has been developed using Visual C++, Visual Basic, and Ra (Primavera Project Planner API). The system is integrated with P3, so that it reads project information directly from a P3 project, performs necessary RCPM procedures, and updates the P3 project to contain identified resource relationships. To make the system more practical, functions to handle multiple project calendars and progressed schedules have been included as well.Ph. D.
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Masunda, Fanuel. "Assessing the impact of sustainable farming techniques on smallholder farm enterprises in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86232.
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Thesis (MPhil) Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis was to investigate if the Conservation Agriculture (CA) project being implemented by Zimbabwe Farmers Alliance Trust, a non-governmental organisation, has improved the livelihoods of participant farmers. The research was done in the Mazowe, Chiweshe area where the organisation has been working with farmers with the key objectives of improving food security, livelihoods and stabilising production for the rural households. The research also looked at production trends and adoption levels of CA in the area. Yields were viewed as an important element since food security of rural communities is constantly under threat because of droughts. A key element of the thesis was primary research done in Mazowe Chiweshe Ward 4, where farmers were interviewed to get information on their experiences with the CA project. The study was informed by both primary and secondary data. A literature review was conducted to give a background on sustainability and multifaceted problems facing the globe; dubbed as a polycrisis. In order to assess the impact of the project, a framework was developed to define sustainability at global level and also at small-scale farmer level. The Sustainable Livelihoods Approach framework was used as the assessment tool that looks at capital assets as given by Conway and Chambers. The framework goes beyond financial gains and looks at capabilities, assets and activities required for a means of living. The CA project was thus assessed according to this framework as a yardstick for improvement of livelihoods in the area. Primary data was gathered from a sample of 25 farmers randomly selected from a total of 250 farmers involved in the project under ZFAT. The data was gathered through questionnaires, key informant interviews and participant observation techniques. With regards to the adoption of CA and its principles, the research suggested that farmers are eager to practice sustainable agriculture, but the scale of the project is too small to expand the project to more than the 250 farmers already in this project. It was also found that non-governmental organisations have played a significant role in introducing sustainable farming and that the government now need to step up efforts in supporting the projects. The study concluded that the CA project has improved livelihoods and is helping to stabilise production through sustainable land use and advanced farm management practices. The project has not only benefited the direct project beneficiaries or key participant farmers but also the environment as soil fertility is improving and biodiversity is being protected and enhanced. The programme has managed to create a mind-set in the community that; what we have today is a result of the way past generations operated and that we should feel challenged to leave behind a better-managed and flourishing environment for the next generation. This was concluded as a significant number of farmers in the interviews showed that they have changed perceptions since joining the project. The study concluded with recommendations for up-scaling of the project as well as the need for collaboration between relevant stakeholders. This would promote projects of similar nature that promote sustainability and sustainable livelihoods. However, the case study was specific to the Mazowe Chiweshe area and the findings presented in this thesis cannot be viewed as representative of the larger smallholder farming sector though it may provide relevant and positive pointers for similarly beneficial projects to be implemented elsewhere.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie tesis was om te bepaal of die bewaringslandbouprojek van die nie-regeringsorganisasie Zimbabwe Farmers Alliance Trust (ZFAT) die deelnemende boere se lewens verbeter het. Die navorsing is in die Mazowe Chiweshe-gebied onderneem, waar die organisasie boere bystaan om landelike huishoudings se voedselsekerheid en lewensgehalte te verbeter en landbouproduksie te stabiliseer. Die navorsing het ook aandag geskenk aan produksietendense en die vlakke van aanvaarding van bewaringslandbou in die streek. Opbrengste is as ’n belangrike element beskou, aangesien droogte voortdurend die landelike gemeenskappe se voedselsekerheid bedreig. ’n Kerndeel van die tesis was primêre navorsing wat in Wyk 4 van Mazowe Chiweshe onderneem is, in die vorm van onderhoude met boere om inligting in te samel oor hul ervarings van die bewaringslandbouprojek. Die studie is deur sowel primêre as sekondêre data gerig. ’n Literatuuroorsig is onderneem vir agtergrond oor volhoubaarheid, sowel as oor die veelsoortige probleme waarmee die wêreld te kampe het en wat as die ‘polikrisis’ bekend staan. Om die impak van die projek te beoordeel, is ’n raamwerk ontwikkel om volhoubaarheid op algemene sowel as kleinboervlak te omskryf. Conway en Chambers se ‘volhoubare bestaan’-benadering is as assesseringsinstrument gebruik om kapitaalbates te beoordeel. Die raamwerk strek egter verder as finansiële gewin en ondersoek ook die vermoëns, bates en aktiwiteite wat nodig is vir ’n volhoubare bestaan. Aan die hand van hierdie raamwerk is daar dus beoordeel tot watter mate die bewaringslandbouprojek plaaslike mense se lewens verbeter het. Primêre data is ingesamel uit ’n steekproef van 25 boere wat aan die ZFAT-projek deelneem. Die data is met behulp van vraelyste, onderhoude met sleutelinformante sowel as deelnemerwaarnemingstegnieke bekom. Wat die aanvaarding van bewaringslandbou en die beginsels daarvan betref, toon die navorsing dat boere gretig is om volhoubare landbou te bedryf, maar dat die skaal van die projek te klein is om meer as die bestaande 250 boere in die projek te help. Daar is ook bevind dat nie-regeringsorganisasies ’n beduidende rol gespeel het in die inwerkingstelling van volhoubare boerdery, maar dat die regering nou sy pogings ter ondersteuning van die projek moet versterk. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die bewaringslandbouprojek, deur volhoubare grondgebruik en gevorderde bestuurspraktyke, lewensgehalte verbeter en produksie gestabiliseer het. Nie net die deelnemende boere het by die projek baat gevind nie, maar ook die omgewing, aangesien grondvrugbaarheid verbeter en biodiversiteit beskerm en versterk word. Die studie sluit af met aanbevelings oor die uitbreiding van die projek, sowel as die behoefte aan samewerking met tersaaklike belanghebbendes. Dit sal ander soortgelyke projekte vir volhoubaarheid en ’n volhoubare bestaan bevorder. Tog het die gevallestudie bepaald op die Mazowe Chiweshe-omgewing betrekking gehad en kan die bevindinge in hierdie tesis nie as verteenwoordigend van die groter kleinboersektor beskou word nie. Nietemin kan dit relevante en positiewe wenke bied vir soortgelyke voordelige projekte wat elders in werking gestel word.
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Saksrisathaporn, Krittiya. "A multi-criteria decision support system using knowledge management and project life cycle approach : application to humanitarian supply chain management." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO22016/document.
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Cette thèse vise à contribuer à la compréhension des cycle de vie d’une opération humanitaire (HOLC). Gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement humanitaire (HSCM) dans un contexte de mise en perspective et dans l’objectif de proposer un modèle décisionnel qui s'applique aux phases de HOLC lors d’une situation réelle. Cela inclut la mise en oeuvre du modèle proposé pour concevoir et développer un outil d'aide à la décision afin d'améliorer les performances de la logistique humanitaire tant dans les opérations de secours nationaux qu’internationaux.Cette recherche est divisée en trois phases. La première partie vise à présenter le sens de l'étude ; la zone de recherche prise en compte pour la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement (SCM) doit être clairement définie. La première phase consiste à clarifier et définir le HSCM HL, la gestion de la chaîne d'approvisionnement commerciale (CSCM) et le SCM, ainsi que la relation entre ces différents éléments. La gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLCM) et les différentes approches sont également présentés. La compréhension de la différence entre la gestion du cycle de vie du projet (PLM) et la PLCM est également nécessaire, cela ne peut être abordé dans la phase de cycle de vie de l'opération humanitaire. De plus, les modèles Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) et l’aide à la décision concernant le HL sont analysés pour établir le fossé existant en matière de recherche. Les approches MCDM qui mettent en oeuvre le système d'aide à la décision (DSS) et la manière dont le MAS a été utilisé dans le contexte HSCM sont étudiées.La deuxième phase consiste en la proposition d’un modèle décisionnel fondé sur l’approche MCDM à l'appui de la décision du décideur avant qu'il/elle prenne des mesures. Ce modèle prévoit le classement des alternatives concernant l'entrepôt, le fournisseur et le transport au cours des phases de HOLC. Le modèle décisionnel proposé est réalisée en 3 scénarios. I. La décision en 4phases HOLC – opération de secours internationale de la Croix-Rouge Française (CRF). II. La décision en3phases HOLC – opération nationale dela Croix-Rouge thaïlandaise (TRC). III. La décision au niveau de la phase de réponse HOLC – opération internationale du TRC dans quatre pays. Dans cette phase, le scénario I et II sont réalisés étape par étape au travers de calculs numériques et formules mathématiques. Le scénario III sera présenté dans la troisième phase. Pour établir trois scénarios, les données internes recueillies lors des entretiens avec le chef de la logistique de la Croix-Rouge Française, et le vice-président de la fondation de la Coix-Rouge thaïlandaise, seront utilisées. Les données externes proviennent de chercheurs qui sont des experts dans le domaine HL ou le champ du HSCM, de la littérature, et de sources issues des organismes humanitaires (documents d’ateliers, rapports, informations publiées sur leurs sites officiels).Dans la troisième phase, une application Internet multi-critères (decision support system MCDSS WB) mettant en oeuvre le modèle proposé est élaborée. Afin d'atteindre une décision appropriée en temps réel, le WB-MCDSS est développé sur la base d’un protocole client-serveur et est simple à utiliser. Le dernier mais non le moindre ; une application de validation du modèle est réalisée à l'aide de l'approche de l'analyse de sensibilitéThis thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of HOLC in context of the HSCM and to propose a decision model which applies to the phases of HOLC the decision making regarding a real situation . This include the implementation of the proposed model to design and develop a decision support tool in order to improve the performance of humanitarian logistics in both national and international relief operations.This research is divided into three phases; the first phase is to clarify and define HL among HSCM, commercial supply chain management (CSCM) and SCM and their relationship. Project Life Cycle Management (PLCM) approaches are also presented. The difference between project life cycle management (PLM) and PLCM is also required to distinguish a clear understanding which can be addressed in the phase of humanitarian operation life cycle. Additionally, the literature of Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models and existing decision aid system for HL are analyzed to establish the research gap. The MCDM approaches which implement the decision support system (DSS) and lastly how DSS has been used in the HSCM context.The second phase is to propose a decision model based on MCDM approaches to support the decision of the decision maker before he/she takes action. This model provides the ranking alternatives to warehouse, supplier and transportation over the phases of HOLC. The proposed decision model is conducted in 3 scenarios; I. The decision in 4-phase HOLC, international relief operation of French Red Cross (FRC). II. The decision on 3-phase HOLC, national operation by the Thai Red Cross (TRC). III. The decision on response phase HOLC, international operation by the FRC in four countries. In this phase, the scenario I and II are performed step by step though numerical calculation and mathematical formulas. The scenario III will be presented in the third phase.In the third phase, an application of web-based multi-criteria decision support system (WB-MCDSS) which implement the proposed model is developed. The web-based multi-criteria decision support system is developed based on the integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and TOPSIS approaches. In order to achieve an appropriate decision in a real time response, the WB-MCDSS is developed based on server-client protocol and is simple to operate. Last but not least, a validation application of the model is performed using the sensitivity analysis approach
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Ben, Sta Hatem. "Contribution de la modélisation conceptuelle à l’ingénierie du knowledge management : application dans le cadre de la mémoire de projet." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Ben_Sta.pdf.
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L’objectif principal de nos travaux est de spécifier et de modéliser un outil de gestion des connaissances pour les projets. Il s’agit de proposer un ensemble de modèles dédiés à la réalisation d’une mémoire de projet. De telles mémoires de projet devraient répondre au moins à deux besoins identifiés des concepteurs en situation de réutilisation : accéder aux résultats des projets passés et à la logique de conception qui a conduit à la conception de produit. Il s’agit de remonter dans l’histoire afin de tracer et comprendre les différents choix et arguments acceptés et les solutions rejetées par les concepteurs lors des étapes de conception. Cette traçabilité devient par ailleurs une exigence des démarches qualité, permettant par exemple d’établir les responsabilités en cas de défaillance du produit en phase d’exploitation. Le standard UML a été utilisé comme langage de modélisation. Dans l’ensemble des modèles, nous avons proposé de prendre en compte à la fois le contexte et la logique de conception. Afin de valider nos modèles, un prototype « P2M2 » a été développé permettant l’archivage et la réutilisation des éléments de la mémoire de projet. Cet outil offre des fonctionnalités permettant l’accès aux données ceci selon le besoin des différents utilisateurs. Nos modèles développés ont été adaptés à une entreprise d’ingénierie en Tunisie. Ceci nous a permis de tester nos modèles et d’apprécier la facilité d’adaptation. Un ensemble de perspectives a été tracé : la définition d’un profil dédié à la mémoire de projet, la finalisation du développement de l’application « P2M2 », l’adaptation de l’application sur d’autres cas d’entrepriseThe main goal of our tasks is to specify and model a tool of knowledge management for projects. We suggest a set of models dedicated to realize a project memory. Such projects memories should respond at least two needs identified by the designer in reuse situation: to have access to previous results and to design rationale this has led to the creation of the product. To do so, one has to go back in history in order to understand various choices and arguments as well as the rejected solutions while creating the product. This traceability has become a condition of high quality allowing for instance to set up responsibility in case of failure of the product in working phase. The standard UML has been used as a modelling language. For all the models, we have taken into consideration not only the context but also the design rationale. In order to valid our models, a prototype “P2M2“has been developed allowing archiving and the reutilization elements of project memory. This tool offers functionality which permits access to the data according to the needs of various users. Our models have been adapted for an engineering enterprise in Tunisia. Thus, we have been allowed to test our models and appreciate the facility to adapt them. A whole of perspective has been traced: defining a profile dedicated project memory, the finalisation of the application development “P2M2”, the adaptation of the application in other case of enterprises
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Fleche, Damien. "Pilotage de projets en conception collaborative de produits : définition d'un indicateur quantitatif." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0277/document.
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Aujourd’hui, le processus de conception de produits fait face à une mondialisation des marchés, conduit par des équipes géographiquement distribuées. Ces équipes sont ainsi amenées à travailler ensemble afin de concevoir ces produits nouveaux. Les activités de conception ont donc évolué au fil du temps pour pouvoir constamment répondre aux nouvelles contraintes industrielles, de la même manière que les processus de fabrication se sont adaptés aux marchés. Ainsi, afin de faciliter les phases de travail en commun, de nouvelles stratégies de gestion de la collaboration, notamment à travers de nouveaux systèmes d’information, sont mises en place. Ces systèmes d’information sont nombreux et prennent différentes formes, ce qui rend souvent difficiles la sélection et le pilotage de ces derniers. Or, pour les équipes projet, la gestion de ces nouveaux outils informatiques fait partie intégrante des éléments clés du processus de conception de produits. Ainsi, dans le cadre de nos travaux, nous nous focalisons sur l’aide au pilotage de l’ingénierie collaborative en mode projet pour la conception et le développement de produits matériels techniques. Notre objectif est d’aider le chef projet à mieux gérer son projet en utilisant au moment adéquat l’outil d’aide à la collaboration le plus adapté. Dans nos travaux, nous avons souligné la nécessité d’utiliser un indicateur quantitatif de pilotage de la conception collaborative. Cet indicateur apporte ainsi une approche complémentaire de l’évaluation de la pertinence de la collaboration en cours, en prenant en compte son impact sur l’évolution du projet. Le calcul de cet indicateur s’appuie sur une métrique spécifique et concerne l’évolution de la complétude de la donnée CAO. De plus, nous avons montré que ce nouvel indicateur peut être intégré à une approche organisationnelle de type PLM afin de faciliter le stockage des données et le calcul de la complétude, cette dernière étant liée aux outils utilisés et aux jalons projetToday, product design process is facing a market globalization led by distributed teams. Moreover, the international market context in which the companies evolves, leads them to work in large multi-disciplinary collaborative teams using in collaborative practices. In this context, product design process is led by the integration and optimization of stakeholders’ collaboration. Thus, to facilitate collaboration steps, new management strategies are defined and new information systems can be used. These information systems are numerous and take various forms, leading to difficulties for companies to select one of them and manage them. However, to the design teams, the management and the choice of those are key elements of the product design process.Toward this ends, in the present thesis, we focalize our research on the topic of collaborative design project management. Our objective is to assist the project leader to better manage her or his product design project using optimal collaborative tool all along the design project. We have underlined the necessity to use quantitative and non-intrusive indicator during the management of collaborative design phases in order to subjective evaluation. The tracking of this indicator is performed in parallel to the existing approaches of the evaluation of the suitability of the collaboration. It defines the impact of the collaboration steps on the design project evolution. The computation of this indicator is based on a precise metric which details the completeness of the CAD model based on the used collaborative tools and the project milestones. Moreover, we have showed that this new indicator can be integrated to an organizational approach, as a PLM, to facilitate data storage and completeness computation