Journal articles on the topic 'Project managment'

Following a thorough review in 2018, the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC decided to adopt Rucio as its new data management system. Rucio is emerging as a community software project and will replace an aging CMSonly system before the start-up of LHC Run 3 in 2021. Rucio was chosen after an evaluation determined that Rucio could meet the technical and scale needs of CMS. The data management system for CMS needs to manage the current data sample of approximately 200 PB of data with 1 PB of transfers per day. The data management system must also have a development path suitable for LHC Run 4 (2026) data rates, which are expected to be 50 times larger. This contribution details the ongoing CMS adoption process as we replace our legacy system with Rucio, focusing on the challenges of integrating Rucio into an established set of experimental tools and procedures. This will include the migration of metadata, the construction of interfaces to the rest of the CMS computing tools, scale tests, operations, monitoring, and the plan to gradually turn over primary responsibility for the management of data to Rucio. A description of CMS user data management with Rucio will also be provided.

Abstract. The German research programme RIsk MAnagment of eXtreme flood events has accomplished the improvement of regional hazard assessment for the large rivers in Germany. Here we focused on the Elbe river at its gauge Dresden, which belongs to the oldest gauges in Europe with officially available daily discharge time series beginning on 1 January 1890. The project on the one hand aimed to extend and to revise the existing time series, and on the other hand to examine the variability of the Elbe river discharge conditions on a greater time scale. Therefore one major task were the historical searches and the examination of the retrieved documents and the contained information. After analysing this information the development of the river course and the discharge conditions were discussed. Using the provided knowledge, in an other subproject, a historical hydraulic model was established. Its results then again were used here. A further purpose was the determining of flood frequency based on all pre-processed data. The obtained knowledge about historical changes was also used to get an idea about possible future variations under climate change conditions. Especially variations in the runoff characteristic of the Elbe river over the course of the year were analysed. It succeeded to obtain a much longer discharge time series which contain fewer errors and uncertainties. Hence an optimized regional hazard assessment was realised.

Hoy en día en la búsqueda de la optimización del tiempo resulta imprescindible en cualquier empresa, administrarlo de forma eficaz permite reducir costes, aumentar la satisfacción de los clientes, mejorar los resultados con menos esfuerzos…. Los diagramas de Gantt son sin duda de gran ayuda en esta labor, existiendo herramientas informáticas que permiten no solo su representación gráfica de forma muy sencilla, sino la explotación de los datos que se desprenden de la relación existente entre el final e inicio de una actividad, con el final e inicio del resto de actividades. En el presente artículo se propone, en base a la experiencia, una metodología de trabajo para controlar el tiempo de un conjunto de actividades, así como el planteamiento y la solución al problema de la Doble Ligadura, que a buen seguro, habrá dado más de un quebradero de cabeza a muchos técnicos.Palabras claves: gestión del tiempo, doble ligadura, camino crítico, ligadura crítica, Gantt.Time Managment: Solution to the problem of double constraintAbstract: Many technicians, in their professional activity, need to control the execution deadline of all the activities or components that make up projects, works, and processes. In an attempt to address that need, and even before the existence of computers, Henry L. Grantt proposed a methodology for the graphic representation of those activities, so as to give an approximate idea of who they each interacted with the others, as well as each of the activities’ impact on the total execution period. Computer science has allowed the creation of various tools that lead to easily and intuitively elaborate Grantt diagrams, and to use the information about each activity’s duration and the relation that exists between the start and end of each activity with the others. The Critical Path analysis allows the classification of activities as critical and non-critical. A delay in execution of the former will result in a delay on the total execution period, whereas non-critical activities function within a margin in such a way that a delay in completion will have little to no impact on the total execution period. Among all of the computing tools in existence on the market for the generation of Grantt diagrams, Microsoft Project is perhaps the most widely used by technicians. It basically requires two inputs: the estimated duration of each of the activities making up a project, and the existing relations between their start and end. Said relations require conditioning through Restraints, the end or start of an activity with the start or end of another. These restraints imply the joining of two activities under the condition that the start or end of one will only occur after a determined period of time from the start or end of the other. Microsoft Project presents the important restriction of not allowing to establish more than one restraint between two activities; meaning, if for instance, the start of one activities is conditioned by the start of another, there will not be any more relations between those two activities, such as the end of said activities, in which case incorrect or hardly comprehensive data may be constructed. The above mentioned restriction is not a minor problem, for if analyzed correctly, when the start of one activity conditions the start of another, which frequently occurs, the ends of both activities will likely also be similarly related. For example, a facade closing evidently cannot be started until part of the structure has been completed, but it is not less true that the closing cannot be finished until after the total execution of the structure. In this article, I will attempt to explain in simple but rigorous manner the fundamental elements of the technical programming of a project. A work methodology will be proposed to ease the work of the technicians, and I will try to offer a solution to the problem of the Double Restraint between activities, which has certainly been making it difficult for the many technicians who use Microsoft Project on a daily basis.Keywords: Time Management, Double Constraint, Critical Path, Critical Constraint, Gantt

Changes and innovations began in information society have affected to economic, social, political and cultural life. Notion of new state; model of e-state begins to gain importance as a result of formed changed in area of managment. Notion of traditional state managment has been replaced with the notion of state managment holding features of clearness, transperancy, convenient, rapidity and effectivness as a result of establishment of e-state. The relocation of information technology in public services to the electronic environment has led to changes in e-government management. That’s why, in the recent time, application of e-state has been widely widespreaded in area of state regarding the international and national level. Governments around the world, taking advantage of growing information and communication technologies, initiate projects to develop political norms aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of public administration. During this time, the efforts of governments are also supported by international organizations. The emphasis of this problem on the part of both international and national structures has led to the fact that, along with the services of the electronic state, various methods of their technological and political characteristics are being formed. In this context, the problem of the electronic state in both the conceptual and applied aspects has been widely discussed and used in many scientific studies and literature for a short period of time. Thanks to the electronic state, which means the provision of public services in the electronic environment, public access to services is becoming faster and cheaper. E-government is also explained as the provision of public services to citizens through information and communication technologies. Although the electronic state is considered as a new concept, the means that determine the novelty of the electronic state are associated with the methods and characteristics used that underline this concept. The concept of the state still retains its original purpose. The only new thing here is how and in what ways the electronic state fulfills its function, in contrast to the traditional one. Consequently, the electronic state is actually considered as a model that emphasizes the structural state of the state, and not as an approach based on the continuation of the traditional state. We can say that the electronic state is not just a government website, but all that exists within the framework of political, social, economic and technological means.

Abstract Paper discusses issues relating to the valuation of investment efficiency in the oil and gas industry using a real options theory. The example of investment pricing using real options was depicted and it was confronted with the analysis executed with the use of traditional methods. Indicators commonly used to evaluate profitability of investment projects, based on a discounted cash flow method, have a few significant drawbacks, the most meaningful of which is staticity which means that any changes resulting from a decision process during the time of investment cannot be taken into consideration. In accordance with a methodology that is currently used, investment projects are analysed in a way that all the key decisions are made at the beginning and are irreversible. This approach assumes, that all the cash flows are specified and does not let the fact that during the time of investment there may appear new information, which could change its original form. What is also not analysed is the possibility of readjustment, due to staff managment’s decisions, to the current market conditions, by expanding, speeding up/slowing down, abandoning or changing an outline of the undertaking. In result, traditional methods of investment projects valuation may lead to taking wrong decisions, e.g. giving up an owned exploitation licence or untimely liquidation of boreholes, which seem to be unprofitable. Due to all the above-mentioned there appears the necessity of finding some other methods which would let one make real and adequate estimations about investments in a petroleum industry especially when it comes to unconventional resources extraction. One of the methods which has been recently getting more and more approval in a world petroleum economics, is a real options pricing method. A real option is a right (but not an obligation) to make a decision connected with an investment in a specified time or time interval. According to the method a static model of pricing using DCF is no longer used; an investment project is divided into a series of steps and after each one there is a range of possible investment decisions, technical and organizational issues and all the others called ‘real options’. This lets one take many different varieties of modyfiying a strategy while pricing the project. This also makes it possible to react to the changing inner and outer situation and introducing new information while accomplishing the investment project. Owing to those, the decision process is a continuous operation, what is an actual vision of a real investment project management in the petroleum industry.

This project uses ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) ear tags and readers with a readable range of 3 to 5 m. Forty stags were tagged with radio-frequency identification (RFID) ear tags and allocated into 20 pens. When deer with RFID ear tags walked through the aisle, handheld RFID readers, used as personal digital assistants (PDAs), and stationary RFID readers in frequency range received signals from the tags, and individual deer tag data were transmitted immediately and completely through wireless PDAs to a computer. The inputted data were sent to the deer-farm management system to be collated and organized. Farmers obtained individual deer data without approaching the deer, which decreased the risk of the deer attacking. Employing UHF-RFID technology integrated with software contributes to enhancing the efficiency of deer identification and farm management.

El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo de alternativas respondiendo a necesidades de colectivos humanos, los objetivos se inspiran en un trabajo de investigación en desarrollo que persigue identificar los elementos de diseño de un proyecto especial, diagnosticar los factores que inciden en la ejecución de proyectos especiales, determinar los factores para la mejora de estos proyectos, en este sentido, la respuesta estratégica para identificar las necesidades y su aplicación a carencias como la salud, educación, empleo, acceso a la vivienda y servicios eléctricos, y sanitarios que afectan a los ciudadanos, Munsibay (2019), Armendáriz & Fretes, (2017), Lovón (2019), entre otros, destacan la existencia de necesidades y cómo los proyectos aporten respuestas para la población, la metodología es investigación empírica, como fenómeno contemporáneo en entorno real con informantes de la gestión de proyectos especiales, analizando creación y gestión. Los resultados estarán orientados por Project Managment Institute (PMI), zonas de conocimiento, debatiendo la desviación de costos, tiempo en la ejecución, calidad de logro, llegando a conclusiones y recomendaciones vinculadas a estos bajo los lineamientos de la teoría general de sistemas cuyo enfoque profundiza las características a nivel estructural y funcional de los proyectos como sistemas activos, flexibles y auditables. Palabras clave: Proyectos especiales- sistemas activos - respuesta estratégica

En este artículo se resalta la importancia que tiene la gestión profesional de proyectos de construcción, para el éxito fi nanciero de los contratistas, ya que muchas veces se descuida la labor de seguimiento de las obras, ignorándose a veces inclusive el cronograma de entregables, sujeto a las restricciones presupuestarias delimitadas durante la etapa de planifi cación. El control oportuno sirve para identificar desviaciones en las fechas de entrega programadas y en relación con el presupuesto original; a partir de ello, se pueden implementar medidas correctivas que eviten demoras inaceptables para los contratantes y que impidan la elevación de los costos más allá de la conveniencia fi nanciera de los contratistas.El descuido en el control de los proyectos puede provocar, incluso, el abandono de proyectos o la ruina de los empresarios de la construcción. En todo caso, este control tiene por fi nalidad tomar decisiones oportunas para recuperar el tiempo perdido y evitar la sangría financiera detectada, en un momento determinado, durante la ejecución de los proyectos.Para garantizar una gestión responsable y profesional de los proyectos de construcción existen guías elaboradas por el Project Managment Institute, Inc. y que forman parte del diseño curricular de los programas de posgrado relacionados con la gestión de proyectos, tal como sucede con la Universidad Doctor José Matías Delgado.AKADEMOS, Año 10, Vol. 1, No 26, Enero-Junio 2016: 51-67

Symbiota, the most used biodiversity content management system in the United States, has helped mobilize over 35 million specimen records from over 750 natural history collections via 40+ separate installations. Most Symbiota records come from natural history collections but some Symbiota instances also incorporate records from observations, images, publications, and gardens. Symbiota serves as both a data management system for entering, annotating, and cleaning occurrence data, images and associated specimen data (e.g., genetic sequences, images, publications) and as a primary aggregator/publisher for data stored in any database system that can export to a comma separated value (csv) file. Symbiota integrates and displays data and images from many resources in multiple formats, some of which appeal primarily to researchers, others to land managers, educators, and the general public. After nearly 20 years, Symbiota is going through a major software revision through Symbiota2, a US National Science Foundation-funded project. The broad goals of Symbiota2 are to make it easier for developers to add new functionality, to improve usability, and to help site managers administer a site. Symbiota2 will have a plugin-based architecture that will allow developers to encapsulate functionality in a plugin. Symbiota2 will improve usability by supporting off-line use, enabling Wordpress (content-managment system) integration, and having a customizable user interface. Symbiota2 will help site managers by simplifying installation and management of a site. The three-year project is on-going, but so far we have created a Symbiota2 GithHub repository and a Docker image with all the necessary components for installing, configuring, and running Symbiota2, an object relational mapping (ORM) of the tables in the database management system (DBMS), and web services to connect to the DBMS via the ORM. We used Doctrine 2 for the ORM and API-Platform for the web services. By the third quarter of 2019, we anticipate deploying the plugin framework to encourage developers to create new functionality for biodiversity content management.

O presente artigo faz uma análise do impacto da sinergia na gestão de stakeholders em projetos complexos, tomando por base o projeto “Cade sem Papel” do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica - Cade, cujo objetivo principal é a implantação do processo eletrônico por meio da adoção do Sistema Eletrônico de Informação – SEI. O estudo se baseia nos fundamentos estabelecidos no PMI (Project Managment Institute) para o gerenciamento dos interessados seguindo o modelo tradicional e considera a análise da sinergia na governança do projeto com a aplicação da retroalimentação sistêmica e dinâmica (em tempo real) visando a minimizar os efeitos da entropia. O estudo parte de uma análise descritiva do caso por meio de pesquisa documental e participativa, com resultados que evidenciam as integrações da metodologia do Guia do Conhecimento em Gerenciamento de Projetos – PMBOK. Os processos sinérgicos foram efetivos a ponto de possibilitar a implantação da solução num curto intervalo de tempo gerando um processo global de mudança nas áreas fim e meio, bem como para toda a sociedade. O marco temporal dessa mudança foi o dia 1º de janeiro de 2015, data a partir da qual o Cade passou a utilizar unicamente processos eletrônicos. Para o sucesso nas alterações dos procedimentos operacionais da autarquia adota-se um modelo efetivo de endomarketing que capacitou os 320 servidores, incluindo os ocupantes de cargos mais elevados. O reconhecimento social pode ser expresso por meio do prêmio da Transparência Ativa alcançado por uma entrega do projeto em concurso promovido pela Controladoria-Geral da União - CGU.

ObjectiveTo design a low budget process to enroll, track and approvesyndromic submitters for ongoing submission of data to the OregonPublic Health DivisionIntroductionIn 2012, the Oregon Public Health Division (OPHD) tookadvantage of the opportunity created by Meaningful Use, a Centersfor Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Incentive Program, toimplement statewide syndromic surveillance. The Oregon syndromicsurveillance project, or Oregon ESSENCE, began accepting MU-compliant HL7 2.5.1 data in late 2013. Early onboarding effortswere labor-intensive and led to the creation of a testing queue. Asinterest in submitting syndromic data increased, Oregon ESSENCEstreamlined the onboarding process by creating guidance for HL7message construction, message testing and submitter business processdetails (collectively referred to as “onboarding documents”). OregonESSENCE also built a project management database to track MUtesting statuses and data quality variations. With this system, OregonESSENCE collected, tested and approved all 32 eligible healthsystems (56 hospitals) for production-level submission by mid-2015.One health system (with four hospitals) continued to send non-MUcompliant syndromic data for the duration of the project period.MethodsInitially, Oregon ESSENCE began onboarding syndromicsubmitters on a first-come-first-served basis. The lack of a clearprocess for onboarding, a single FTE devoted the endeavor andsubstantial interest in submitting, led to a testing queue. To streamlinethe onboarding process and accommodate the testing timelines of allsubmitters, Oregon ESSENCE created tools to allow for self-pacedtesting followed by short duration, intensive testing with the project.Oregon ESSENCE-branded onboarding documents incorporatedavailable resources such as the CDC’s Public Health InformationNetwork Messaging Guide for Syndromic Surveillance: EmergencyDepartment and Urgent Care Data, Release 1.1 (August 2012) and theNIST 2014 Edition ONC Health IT Certification HL7v2 SyndromicSurveillance Reporting Validation Tool. Submitters began self-pacedtesting by testing their own messages using the NIST tool and sendingsuccessful reports back to Oregon ESSENCE. They then filled outan Oregon ESSENCE Business Process Survey which asked formeta-data and project contact information. Oregon ESSENCE built aproject managment database in FileMaker v14 (FileMaker Inc., SantaClara, CA USA), used to support the statewide communicable diseasedatabase, to store information from the Business Process Survey.After completing self-paced testing, submitters selected a singleweek for intensive testing with Oregon ESSENCE. Each healthsystem’s project staff (registration staff, technical project lead, HL7translator and data exchange lead) met daily with Oregon ESSENCEto test messages. Oregon ESSENCE used Rhapsody IntegrationEngine v6.2.1 (Orion Health, Auckland, NZ), already in use at OPHDfor electronic lab reporting, to parse test data into a test database andthen generated a report for each testing session using SAS v9.4 (SASInstitute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The report indicated whether or notthe submitter had achieved production-level syndromic messaging bythe end of this week of intensive testing. The project managementdatabase stored notes from each testing session along with MU testingdates.ResultsOregon ESSENCE developed their onboarding documentsbetween November, 2012 and March, 2013 and achieved 100%syndromic submission from eligible health systems in June, 2015.The average duration of onboarding (from initiation of the testingprocess to achieving production submission) of a single healthsystem decreased from 23 months in 2012 to 4 months in 2014 (seeDuration of Onboarding Syndromic Submitters: Oregon 2012-2015).As interest in the project grew (number of submitters contactingOPHD), the amount of time spent onboarding decreased.Oregon ESSENCE uses their project management database forongoing syndromic data quality improvement and to communicateMU dates to submitters (by generating health system-specific emailsdirectly from the database). FileMaker, Rhapsody and SAS are allcurrently used by OPHD and did not require any additional expensefor their use in this testing process. Oregon ESSENCE plans to usethis onboarding process to collect urgent care data for Stage 3 MU.ConclusionsThe onboarding process created by Oregon ESSENCE streamlinedsyndromic data submission without the purchase of additionalprograms or the hiring of additional project staff. Submitting facilitiesbenefited from this process by testing syndromic messages withoutwaiting in a testing queue. The project management database createdfor the testing process will continue to benefit submitters by storingMU testing dates and information for ongoing quality assuranceevaluations. The success of this project took advantage of existinginformatics capabilities at OPHD and speaks to the importance ofthose skills in public health practice. Oregon ESSENCE will usethese methods again in 2017 to collect urgent care data for syndromicsurveillance.Duration of Onboarding Syndromic Submitters: Oregon 2012-2015

Digital inventory of collections is one of the main priorities of curatorship work at museums. In the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra these process started in 2007 with the development of the Virtual Museum project reaching 9,000 digitised specimens of Natural History. The public access to the information via the museum webpage increased the impact of the museum collections for the public and for the scientific and museum communities in Portugal and abroad. The number of loans for exhibitions and research visitors has grown exponentially. The Portuguese Museology Association (APOM) prized the former domain http://museudaciencia.inwebonline.net/ in 2010 with the Best Implementation and Multimedia Managment. Since 2007 the Museum has been improving its facilities and human resources and a new generation of curators and assistant curators are getting involved. Nevertheless, a substantial part of this new generation has been maintained by fellowships associated to time-limited projects, resulting in an inevitable gap of continuity. An infrastructure project is currently developing at the museum, the PRISC consortium (Portuguese Research Infrastructure of Scientific Collections). It consists of an e-infrastructure providing the services to the collections with special emphasis in the human resources curatorship. In the case of the geocollections this represents the filling of an almost one decade gap of no collection digitisation activity. The geocollections are the second largest archive of specimens and associated data of the museum, reaching an estimated amount of more than 30,000 specimens. It comprises Mineralogy, Petrology and Palaeontology specimens and is one of the largest and oldest Portuguese geodiversity repositories. The online portal is fed by the information stored in a database that is steadily growing with new incoming specimens, 2D images, and data from the transcription of relevant label records and old catalogues. That process is crucial to promote the best-practice systems for collection management. Geocollections have specific requirements comparing to other Natural History collections and dedicated thesaurus are mandatory to accommodate the related data. That process has been developed in many cases by feeding the data to the database but in other cases forced to reprogramme new fields in it. The terminology associated with the specimens, such as lithostratigraphy units, chronostratigraphic terms, or regional rock and mineral names are frequently out of date and should be readjusted to the internationally accepted names. This is one of the cases that evidences how important it is to improve good practice initiatives to normalize the data. Most of the Museum´s databases are feeding global data-sharing utilities such as Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) or The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). This global sharing of data claims important data quality and standardization implementation practices. In order to fulfill that goal, a new generation of curators is being prepared with skills in a logic of networking. The involvement and enthusiasm of these young generations of curators is at the base of a quality curatorship in today’s museums.

IntroductionThe detection of siblings is an important pre-requisite for many research problems, yet is traditionally difficult or time-consuming owing to the way linked data is conventionally stored. We compare the methodology and results for an identification of siblings by SANT DataLink using a legacy relational approach and a graph-based approach. Objectives and ApproachAn existing project involving the identification of sibling clusters using relational techniques was replicated using the same core data in SANT DataLink’s Next Generation Linkage Managment System (NGLMS) which is graph-based. Data is stored in the NGLMS using richer relationships than just 'is W% similar to' or 'is part of group N'. Birth data was separated into children and parents and explicit child/parent relationships recorded. When coupled with electoral roll data using probabilistic and deterministic linkage, sibling structure can be identified by performing network traversal via parents, e.g. crecord—[MOTHER]⟶mrecord—[IS_SIMILAR_TO]⟶mrecord*⟵[MOTHER]—crecord* i.e. find the mother, find that mother’s cluster, find all children related to that cluster. The resulting records are siblings. ResultsA graph-based approach enabled the methology of 'finding siblings' to be more clearly described and communicated by mirroring genealogical structures natively within in the data. Comparable results were achieved in a shorter time with less manual effort using the same underlying data. Generating sibling clusters from the graph-based data required less manual intervention and review as explicit PARENT/CHILD relationships were stored in the data and able to be quickly traversed to assemble familial units and thus siblings. A focus on automated linkage quality rather than manual review was facilitated by the approach. Anomalous structures requiring detailed review, such as multiple fathers and mothers of a single child, were trivially identifiable and so manual effort was focussed on actions where a higher return in terms of end-product quality could be achieved. Conclusion/ImplicationsStoring data in a representation which more closely resembles the the underlying real-world situation allows greater fidelity with respect to data modeling. This in turn, enables the asking of richer questions and makes the answering of such questions much easier.

Abstract Background The introduction of biologic drugs has been life-changing for our patients, but these drugs are very expensive. Moreover, they are immunosuppressive and are associated with an increased infection risk. Conventional practice is to maintain the same dose long term. An internal audit identified significant drug wastage; £40,000 drug 'wasted' per year by repeat prescription requests, hoarding of supplies and missed doses. Dose reduction could result in cost savings and reduced complications, but this strategy also risks loss of disease control & requires enhanced monitoring. Methods We set up a new 'Biologics Managment Plan' Service (BMP) with the following aims: 1. Reduce costs from wastage, 2. Enable patients to confidently reduce dose by introducing a part time nurse and biologics administrator, 3. Assess efficacy, 4. Receive patient feedback. We formulated criteria to ensure eligibility for dose reduction and a dose reduction protocol for each biologic drug. We organised an intensification of follow up, monitoring and support. We maintained close liaison with pharmacy regarding prescription management and vial sharing on Day Case Unit. We fully counselled our BMP patients and subsequently obtained detailed patient feedback using a patient experience measure (PREM), plus free text comments. We examined clinical outcomes including disease activity assessments, occurrence of flares and, where possible, radiological outcomes, in patients with inflammatory arthritis undergoing biologic dose reduction. Results 82 patients entered our BMP, 48 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). 70% were able to dose reduce successfully. Mean dose reduction was 43%. For the 48 patients with RA, disease duration, presence of erosive disease nor serological status determined dose reduction outcome. 13 patients lost control of disease with dose reduction, but regained control rapidly with intervention. 2 patients switched biologic drug after a period of poor disease control. There was no progression of erosive disease in 31 RA patients who had follow up X-rays, within 18/12 of dose reduction. Similar outcomes were seen in ankylosing spondylitis (15), psoriatic arthritis (19) and JIA (2) with ∼70% success rate. Our PREM revealed >95% felt involved, had sufficient information, & felt that drug reduction had not caused interference with daily life. All would recommend our project to others. We calculated this project was able to save £269,278.58 in the first 12 months. Conclusion It is possible to reduce the dose of biologic drugs in selected patients with inflammatory arthritis in remission. Patients were keen to reduce their drug doses and engaged enthusiastically in the process. Enhanced follow-up and support ensured that patients felt 'looked after' and rapid intervention can manage any loss of control of disease promptly. Significant cost savings can be made. We have begun to determine whether therapeutic drug monitoring can complement this process. Disclosures R. Haigh: Honoraria; speaker fees Pfizer. Grants/research support; conference attendance Pfizer, UCB. D. Murphy: None. J. Moran: None.

Construction performance and risk management has been widely discussed in the literature from various perspectives. The main objective of performing risk management in construction industry is to ensure timely delivery of good construction within sepecific budget. However, the failure of many construction projects in meeting deadlines, cost and quality targets is continuously on the rise and there are signs of accentuating year after year suffering significant financial losses of construciton works in Oman. Therefore, there is a need for empirical evidences to explain the relationship between risk management and project performance. This study applied quantitative methods to examine this relationship. Construciton companies from grade excellent to grade second in Oman haven included in the survey. The result revealed that practicing risk managementimprove the performance of construciton project significantly. Based on this result it is essential to hire qualified project managers who has sufficient knowledge in risk managmeent and its main activities.

The potential of using of research conducted at universities is very great. Unfortunately its actual use is in Polish conditions considerably limited. The article is devoted to the presentation of applying results of researches in the teaching process carried out on study fields Landscape Architecture and Spatial Managment of the Białystok University of Technology (Poland). At the work educating in the widely understood design was discussed. Chosen effects of the cooperation of the university with outside institutions, being aimed at a promotion of conducted researches in the local social environment, an activation of the teaching process and showing the possibility design solutions dedicated for spaces chosen by external institutions were presented. Demonstrating swimming benefits from the connection is a purpose of the work of applying research results (scientist-educationalist), of process of the teaching academic profile (student) and activities of entities of local authorities (recipient). At the work research methods consisting in analysis of examples of applying results of researches in the teaching process were adopted (in the form of course projects, master's thesis designs, students' participation in design competitions) and then benefits from this process to scientists, students and outside institutions. Teaching process based on current results of researches causes effective design which can ultimately be used by real recipients. This process effectively supports linking student's education with the future graduate profession. Using findings in history and theory of architecture, urban planning, landscape architecture and spatial managment in the teaching process is bringing benefits to three participantes' groups of this process: scientists, students and outside recipients