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1
Gupta, Devendra Kumar. "What Should be the Time Schedule for a Project?" Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 13, no. 4 (October 1988): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919880404.
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Finalization of time schedule for a project is a crucial decision. It is not entirely a technical matter. Compressing the duration has cost and other implications. Managers can determine what the time schedule should be to achieve significant savings. Gupta feels that it is possible to crash time schedules by up to 15 per cent of the initial time schedule with only marginal increases in project costs. Gupta presents a methodology for analysing the costs in arriving at the optimum time schedule for a project. He illustrates the method with a project involving capital expenditure of Rs 100 million.
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Wang, Ziwei, and Ehsan Rezazadeh Azar. "BIM-based draft schedule generation in reinforced concrete-framed buildings." Construction Innovation 19, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-11-2018-0094.
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PurposeProject schedules have a vital role in the effective management of time, cost, scope and resources in construction projects, and creating schedules requires schedulers with construction knowledge and experience. The increase in the complexity of building projects and the emergence of building information modeling (BIM) in the architecture, engineering and construction industry have encouraged researchers to explore BIM capabilities for automated schedule generation. The scope and capabilities of the developed systems, however, are limited and the link between design and scheduling is still underdeveloped. This paper aims to investigate methods to develop a BIM-based framework to automatically generate schedules for concrete-framed buildings.Design/methodology/approachThis system first extracts the required data from the building information model, including elements’ dimensions, quantities, spatial information, materials and other related attributes. It then applies construction rules, prior knowledge and production rate data to create project work-packages, calculate their durations and determine their relationships. Finally, it organizes these results into a schedule using project management software.FindingsThis system provides an automated and easy-to-use approach to generate schedules for concrete-framed buildings that are modeled in a BIM platform. It provides two schedules for each project, both a sequential and an overlapped solution, which the schedulers can modify into a practical schedule based on conditions and available resources.Originality/valueThis research project presents an innovative approach to use BIM-based attributes of structural elements to develop list of work-packages and estimate their durations, and then it uses a combination of rule-based and case-based reasoning to generate the schedules.
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Solís-Carcaño, Rómel G., Gilberto A. Corona-Suárez, and Aldo J. García-Ibarra. "The Use of Project Time Management Processes and the Schedule Performance of Construction Projects in Mexico." Journal of Construction Engineering 2015 (October 15, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/868479.
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Delays have been frequently reported as the cause of several conflicts that affect the different parties involved in construction projects. Project Time Management (PTM) includes a number of planning and controlling processes that are recommended for complying with requirements related to project time. The study reported in this paper aimed at assessing the use of PTM processes and its relation with project schedule performance (i.e., timely completion). Seven PTM processes and seventy-seven tasks associated with them were identified from the literature that is globally relevant to project management. The study included the assessment of fourteen school construction projects executed by a public agency in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. These projects were monitored during the construction phase in order to measure two different variables: the use of processes related to PTM (i.e., schedule planning and controlling processes) and the project schedule performance. For each of these projects a Use Index was obtained for assessing the first variable, while the Schedule Performance Index and the Schedule Variance were computed to assess the second one. The results demonstrated there is statistical dependence between these two variables. Most of the projects that attained timely completion also made a greater use of the PTM processes.
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Mohammad, Karukh Hassan, Noori Sadiq Ali, and Basira Majeed Najm. "Assessment of the Cost and Time Impact of Variation Orders on Construction Projects in Sulaimani Governorate." Journal of Engineering 27, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 106–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2021.02.08.
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Variation orders are an on-going phenomenon in construction and industry projects worldwide, particularly in the province of Sulaimani, where the project's damage from cost and schedule overrun because of variation orders. However, the effect on project costs and time overrun of variation order has yet to be identified. This study evaluates the impact of variation orders on the cost and time off in the Sulaimani governorate. Two hundred twenty-eight projects from various construction sectors built between 2007-2012 were adopted to calculate the contract cost and schedule overruns due to variation orders. Data analysis was applied in the study were descriptive statistics. One-way ANOVA was also applied to determine whether the overrun of project cost and schedule significantly varied depending on project type, size, duration, location, and awarded years. The findings indicated that cost overruns are very common due to variation orders. 95.6% of the projects were studied being impacted, and overrun in project cost are also huge, with 16%. Time also overruns more common than cost overruns due to the variation orders. 98.7% of the projects were studied in Sulaimani were affected by time overrun with an average of 46.3% of initial duration observed. Findings also indicated that two out of five parameters measured in the analysis had a significant correlation with project cost overruns. Three out of five considered variables correlated with construction time overruns.
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Xu, Yilu. "Improving the Time Performance of Prefabricated Construction Projects: A Review." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 02041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125302041.
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Prefabricated construction, as innovative construction technology, has been gradually applied in the construction industry in recent decades. However, little research has focused on the factors which affect the project schedule of prefabricated construction. Therefore, this review aims to systematically identify and classify determinants that influence the schedule of prefabricated constructions. Based on the literature review, 13 factors that influence the schedule performance of prefabricated construction projects are identified and classified into 7 categories: design, construction techniques, collaboration, coordination, and communication between participants, supply chain, owner, human resource, external conditions. The findings of this study provide valuable clues for both researchers and project practitioners to efficiently implement prefabricated construction projects. Future research directions are also provided.
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Elbeltagi, Emad, Mohammed Ammar, Haytham Sanad, and Moustafa Kassab. "Overall multiobjective optimization of construction projects scheduling using particle swarm." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 23, no. 3 (May 16, 2016): 265–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2014-0135.
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Purpose – Developing an optimized project schedule that considers all decision criteria represents a challenge for project managers. The purpose of this paper is to provide a multi-objectives overall optimization model for project scheduling considering time, cost, resources, and cash flow. This development aims to overcome the limitations of optimizing each objective at once resulting of non-overall optimized schedule. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, a multi-objectives overall optimization model for project scheduling is developed using particle swarm optimization with a new evolutionary strategy based on the compromise solution of the Pareto-front. This model optimizes the most important decisions that affect a given project including: time, cost, resources, and cash flow. The study assumes each activity has different execution methods accompanied by different time, cost, cost distribution pattern, and multiple resource utilization schemes. Findings – Applying the developed model to schedule a real-life case study project proves that the proposed model is valid in modeling real-life construction projects and gives important results for schedulers and project managers. The proposed model is expected to help construction managers and decision makers in successfully completing the project on time and reduced budget by utilizing the available information and resources. Originality/value – The paper presented a novel model that has four main characteristics: it produces an optimized schedule considering time, cost, resources, and cash flow simultaneously; it incorporates a powerful particle swarm optimization technique to search for the optimum schedule; it applies multi-objectives optimization rather than single-objective and it uses a unique Pareto-compromise solution to drive the fitness calculations of the evolutionary process.
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Andrade, Paulo André de, Annelies Martens, and Mario Vanhoucke. "Using real project schedule data to compare earned schedule and earned duration management project time forecasting capabilities." Automation in Construction 99 (March 2019): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.11.030.
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Zandebasiri, Mehdi, Hrald Vacik, Daniel Etongo, Yasmin Dorfstetter, Javad Soosani, and Mehdi Pourhashemi. "Application of time-cost trade-off model in forest management projects: The case of Oak decline project." Journal of Forest Science 65, No. 12 (December 19, 2019): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/65/2019-jfs.
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Oak decline has been observed periodically in the different parts of the world. We conducted this study to evaluate the project control in this phenomenon. In this paper, the project control methods have proposed to be useful tools to deal with oak decline. The aim of the study is twofold: (i) define and schedule a set of activities and determine times for those activities in the Control of Forest Decline Project (CFDP) using the Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) method; (ii) apply the Critical Path Method (CPM) within the context on how to reduce the project time by increasing operating costs and crashing the activities. In crisis management, “golden time” is defined for doing activities and controlling the crisis, which has a greater role than other times. The analysis confirmed that the problem of forest decline is an ecological problem and its root lies in participatory management with the local community. We also found that the time crashing is not economically efficient to the CFDP except for two activities: public information and stakeholder analysis.
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Yi, Daekyoung, Eul-Bum Lee, and Junyong Ahn. "Onshore Oil and Gas Design Schedule Management Process Through Time-Impact Simulations Analyses." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 17, 2019): 1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061613.
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Korean oil and gas contractors have recently incurred significant losses due to improper engineering performance on EPC (engineering procurement and construction) projects in overseas markets. Several previous studies have verified the significant impact engineering has on EPC construction cost and project lifecycle. However, no literature has studied the time impact engineering has on EPC projects, representing a gap in the existing body of knowledge. To fill this gap, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed with the Pertmaster, Primavera risk analysis software for three sample onshore oil and gas projects. From said simulation of all major EPC critical activities, the authors found that the engineering phase is up to 10 times as impactful as the procurement and construction phases on the overall schedule duration. In assessing the engineering activities, the authors found the piping design activities to have the greatest impact on the overall schedule performance. Using these findings, the authors present a design schedule management process which minimizes the delays of project completion in EPC projects. Said process includes the following six steps: (1) Milestone management, (2) drawing status management, (3) productivity management of engineering, (4) interface management, (5) management of major vendor documents, and (6) work front management. The findings of this paper add to the body of knowledge by confirming the design phase to be the most impactful on the overall project schedule success. Furthermore, the presented design schedule management will aid industry with successfully executing the design phase in a timely manner, including examples from case study projects for a greater understanding.
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Sinesilassie, Ephrem Girma, Syed Zafar Shahid Tabish, and Kumar Neeraj Jha. "Critical factors affecting schedule performance." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 5 (September 18, 2017): 757–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-03-2016-0062.
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Purpose Time overrun is one of the most significant issues being faced by Ethiopian construction industry today. For effective time performance, the successful execution of construction projects and keeping them within prescribed schedule is very important. The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors responsible for impacting performance of Ethiopian public construction projects. Design/methodology/approach Based on the literature and personal interviews of key construction professionals in Ethiopia, a list of 35 project performance attributes having strong effect on performance of the projects were identified and a questionnaire using these attributes were prepared and administered in Ethiopia. Statistical analysis of responses on the attributes segregated them into distinct sets of success attributes and failure attributes. The attributes were also subjected to factor analysis separately for better understanding and it resulted into six success factors and six failure factors. The relative importance of these factors was established with multiple regression analysis. Findings It is concluded that the success factor “owners’ competence” can significantly contribute to schedule performance of Ethiopian public construction projects. On the other hand, “conflict among project participants,” “poor human resource management,” and “project manager’s ignorance and lack of knowledge” are detrimental to schedule performance of Ethiopian public construction project. Research limitations/implications As with any other opinion-based study, the present study also has some limitations. The majority of respondents have evaluated the projects in their execution stage only and very few have evaluated the performance of projects in planning and operation stages and also the study has been carried out in the Ethiopian context. Hence the study has a limitation in these regard. Originality/value The results presented in this study provide sufficient evidence and useful understanding to researchers and industry practitioners to focus on a few factors than giving attention to all the factors and take proactive measures for the timely delivery of public construction projects.
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Odedairo, Babatunde Omoniyi, and Odion Ehidebama Olenloa. "Scheduling of Post-Flood Recovery Project with Flexible Project Structure." Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management 11, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeppm-2021-0012.
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Abstract Flood events around the world result in the loss of human lives, disruption, damage to economic, infrastructural and ecological systems. Although, different frameworks to manage flood events exist; however, the complexity (i.e. adjustment and adaptation) associated with some of these approaches is often limited by constraints of time and resources. Therefore, this study attempts to apply a flexible project structure to schedule a post-flood recovery project (PFRP). Twenty-five (25) restorative activities in a PFRP were identified, categorised and scheduled as resource-constrained project scheduling problem with a flexible structure (RCPSP-FS). Monte Carlo simulation was used to reflect the uncertain characteristics of each restorative activity. PFRP completion time was 42 and 86 days under time and resource constraints assumptions, respectively. Thirty- four (34) network paths (sub-projects) were identified and grouped into 4 restorative measures as follows: (i) removal of hazardous materials (ii) evacuation of injured persons (iii) provision of flood technology warning system and technical facilities and (iv) construction of shelter, homes and bridges. Time and cost flexibility values for the network paths range from 6 to 63 days, and 14.79 to 288.77 thousand USD, respectively. Time and schedule sensitivity analysis revealed the impact of each restorative activity on simulated project completion time. Based on these results, it is concluded that a flexible project structure can respond to changing circumstances during post-flood restoration efforts which allow more degree of freedom in activity scheduling, flood events measures and cost alternatives.
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Hai Nguyen, Luong. "Empirical Analysis of a Management Function’s Failures in Construction Project Delay." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 2 (April 18, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6020026.
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Project schedule delay has been recognized as a significant cause to the failure of a project. A large number of studies on this particular issue have been documented. Mainly, identifying and ranking significant factors that lead to the delay of a project. These studies have relied on generic professionals’ viewpoints. Rare studies have been dedicated to the empirical analysis of the influencing factors from the perspective of management and their functions. Using the logistic regression model and 195 completed construction projects’ data, this study reveals that construction planning, construction schedule controlling, construction schedule directing, and project finance organizing have significantly positive effects on project schedule. The findings of this study will provide a beneficial approach for construction management to deliver projects on time, improving construction project productivity.
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Leach, Larry. "Schedule and Cost Buffer Sizing: How to Account for the Bias between Project Performance and Your Model." Project Management Journal 34, no. 2 (June 2003): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875697280303400205.
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Bias in project performance causes schedule and cost to overrun baseline estimates (your model). Bias is the onesided tendency of actual schedule or cost to overrun the model. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) and supporting literature recommend estimating the variability for all project time and cost estimates, and sizing appropriate schedule or cost buffers (also known as contingency or management reserve) using Monte-Carlo analysis or PERT. This paper describes a number of sources of bias in performance of projects to schedule and cost estimates, and provides recommendations to size buffers that ensure your projects come in under your baseline schedule and budget.
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Lu, Qiang, Longlong Mao, Bingjie Chai, and Jianbo Tan. "Visualization of Task Time Schedule Uncertainty in Project Management." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 30, no. 6 (2018): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2018.16718.
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Muttaqin, Muhammad Zainal, and Farida Hardaningrum. "ANALYSIS OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE USING MICROSOFT PROJECT (Case Study: Trenggalek City Square Area)." IJEEIT : International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/ijeeit.v2i1.1148.
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A project implementation schedule can be said to be successful if the implementation process can be completed in accordance with the planned time. Planning a good project implementation schedule must be supported by good project control. Because what happens in the field is not necessarily in accordance with what has been planned. By analyzing the cost and end time of project completion, it can provide detailed project performance schedule information. In this study, the analysis of the project implementation schedule is done manually, which is to make the S curve and use the Microsoft Project 2019 program. The method used is to enter the data related to the analysis into the program, then this Microsoft project will calculate automatically according to the formulas. calculation formula that has been made, so that the calculation of the project implementation schedule analysis will be faster and more accurate. The results of the cost analysis following the price of the Trenggalek district work unit for the renovation of the City Square is IDR. 6,078,136,530. Estimated schedule in planning the S schedule time curve with Microsoft Project 2019, there is a time difference of scheduling 39 calendar days or a difference of 1 month more that can save time and costs of implementing work. At the planning stage of scheduling with an S curve of 20 weeks or 140 days, using Microsoft Project 2019, the results obtained 101 days of project completion time. In the area of ornamental plants experiencing critical trajectory, due to the end of the work that is expected to be completed and handover, so it must add workers to be on target
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Netto, Fernando de Castro, Márcio de Oliveira Barros, and Adriana C. F. Alvim. "An Automated Approach for Scheduling Bug Fix Tasks." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 26, no. 02 (March 2016): 239–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819401650011x.
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Software projects usually maintain bug repositories where both developers and end users can report and track the resolution of software defects. These defects should be fixed and new versions of the software incorporating the patches that solve them must be released. The project manager must schedule a set of error correction tasks with different priorities in order to minimize the time required to accomplish these tasks and guarantee that the more important issues have been fixed. This problem is recurrent for most software organizations and, given the enormous number of potential schedules, a tool that searches for good schedules may be helpful to project managers. In this work we propose a genetic algorithm using information captured from bug repositories to find near optimal schedules. We evaluated our approach using a subset of the Eclipse bug repository and the results suggested better schedules than the schedule followed by the developers and schedules proposed by a simpler search procedure.
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Zhang, Jian Wei, Cheng Zhang, Ren Zong Ye, and Zi Xiang Zhong. "Research on Time Management for Project Cluster Development." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1758–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1758.
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Project Cluster development usually reflects a large scale construction, the mutual connections of the project working programs, complex constitutions. This paper tries to analyses the difficulties of project clusters progress control and study some processes and methods of project cluster time management, through a series of measures of making the progress plan, schedule monitoring, adjustment and coordination in order to guarantee the project progress goals realization and internal resources coordination and ensure time management operates smoothly of a company.Keywords: Project Cluster; Method Study; Schedule Control; Resource Optimization; Time Management
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Zakariyya, Bagus, Ahmad Ridwan, and Suwarno Suwarno. "Analisis Biaya Dan Jadwal Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Trenggalek Dengan Metode Earned Value." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi & Teknik Sipil 3, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jurmateks.v3i2.1197.
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The construction of the Trenggalek District Health Office Building is a large-scale construction project. Large-scale projects often have performance issues. It is necessary to control costs and schedules for the project to go according to plan. Research using the Earned Value Method aims to find out the performance index, estimate the cost and time of completion of the work. They thus obtained corrections that must be made to the progress of the project. The results of the study in the 12th week were Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled (BCWS) amounting to Rp1,946,626,471.64, Budgeted Cost of Work Performed (BCWP) amounted to Rp1,319,204,394.05, Actual Cost of Work Performed (ACWP) of Rp1,181,554,085.52. Performance costs benefit; Cost Varian (CV) of Rp137,660,308.53 or Cost Performance Index (CPI) is worth 1,117>1. Schedule performance is delayed, Schedule Varian (SV) of -Rp627,422,077.59 or Schedule Performance Index (SPI) is worth 0.678<1. Estimate at Completion (EAC) of Rp3,483,730,479.63 benefited Rp405,885,332.51. Estimate All Schedule (EAS) for 29,707 weeks, slow 5,707 weeks.Pembangunan Gedung Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Trenggalek merupakan proyek konstruksi berskala besar.Pada proyek berskala besar sering terjadi permasalahan kinerja. Oleh karena itu perlu pengendalian biaya dan jadwal agar proyek berjalan sesuai rencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Earned Value dengan tujuan agar dikeetahui indek kinerja, dan dapat memperkirakan biaya dan waktu penyelesaian pekerjaan, sehingga diperoleh koreksi yang harus dilakukan untuk kemajuan proyek. Hasil penelitian pada minggu ke-12 adalah Budgeted Cost of Work Schedule (BCWS) sebesar Rp1.946.626.471,64, Budgeted Cost of Work Performed (BCWP) sebesar Rp1.319.204.394,05, Actual Cost of Work Performed (ACWP) sebesar Rp1.181.554.085,52. Kinerja biaya mendapat keuntungan, Cost Varian (CV) sebesar Rp137.660.308,53 atau Cost Performance Index (CPI) bernilai 1,117>1. Kinerja jadwal mengalami keterlambatan, Schedule Varian (SV) sebesar -Rp627.422.077,59 atau Schedule Performance Index (SPI) bernilai 0,678 < 1. Estimate at Completion (EAC) sebesar Rp3.483.730.479,63 mendapat keuntungan sebesar Rp405.885.332,51. Estimate All Schedule (EAS) selama 29,707 minggu, lambat 5,707 minggu.
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Wei, Hai Min, and Rong Guang Liu. "The Optimization of Project Time-Cost Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 1423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.1423.
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Project schedule management is the management to each stage of the degree of progress and project final deadline in the project implementation process. Its purpose is to ensure that the project can meet the time constraints under the premise of achieving its overall objectives.When the progress of schedule found deviation in the process of schedule management ,the progress of the plan which have be advanced previously need to adjust.This article mainly discussed to solve the following two questions:establish the schedule optimization model by using the method of linear;discuss the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and its parameters which have effect on the algorithm:Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented in the time limited project and the application of a cost optimization.
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Anugerah, Zha Sha Putri, Devi Pratami, and Mohammad Deni Akbar. "Designing project schedule using crashing method to compress the fiber to the home project schedule." International Journal of Industrial Optimization 2, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/ijio.v2i1.3025.
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ABC Company is an agent of network construction, operation, and maintenance. ABC Company is currently implementing the STTF (Shit to the Front) project, which is the project to add FTTH (Fiber to the Home) networks in areas that can have high customer demand. One of the STTF project construction sites is the Indra Prahasta II housing location. However, the project is currently experiencing work delays due to the Covid-19 disaster in Indonesia. Delays in project execution can result in potential prospects choosing another company that provides similar services. The project schedule can be accelerated using the crashing method and TCTO (Time Cost Trade-Off) analysis to solve this problem. This research's acceleration will be carried out with alternatives for adding 3 hours, 2 hours, 1 hour, and an alternative to increasing workers' number. This project has an average duration of 55 working days with a total cost of Rp 604,124,460. The results obtained from data processing, on the alternative of adding 1 hour of overtime work, the total duration becomes 54 working days with total project cost is Rp 605,734,138. In addition to 2 hours of overtime work, the project's total duration can be reduced to 54 days with a total project cost Rp 606,803,619. And for the addition of 3 hours overtime, the total duration can be shortened to 54 days with a total cost of Rp 606,803,619. As for increasing the number of workers, project work duration can be shortened to 54 working days with a total project cost Rp 604,556,748
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SENOUCI, Ahmed B., and Saleh A. MUBARAK. "MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR SCHEDULING OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS UNDER EXTREME WEATHER." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 3 (March 24, 2016): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.897968.
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Extreme weather significantly impacts construction schedules and costs and can be a source of schedule delays and budget overruns. A multi-objective optimization model, presented herein for the scheduling of construction projects under extreme weather conditions, can generate optimal/near optimal schedules that minimize the time and cost of construction projects in extreme weather regions. The model computations are organized as follows: (1) a scheduling module for developing practical schedules for construction projects, (2) a cost module for computing total project cost, and (3) a multi-objective module for determining optimal/near optimal trade-offs between project time and cost. Two practical examples of the effects of extreme weather on construction time and direct cost are provided, the first of which shows the impact of extreme weather on construction time and cost, and the second of which demonstrates the ability of the model to generate and visually present the optimal trade-offs between the duration and costs of construction projects under extreme weather conditions.
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Ou-Yang, Chao, and Wang-Li Chen. "A Hybrid Approach for Project Crashing Optimization Strategy with Risk Consideration: A Case Study for an EPC Project." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 17, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9649632.
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This study aims to develop and provide a comprehensive evaluation strategy for schedule-related variations and time-cost analysis for an engineering–procurement–construction (EPC) project. Time-cost analysis is an important aspect of project scheduling, particularly in long-term and costly EPC projects. In this study, a hybrid method is proposed for the time-cost optimization strategy evaluation of a project. Monte Carlo simulation is applied to determine contingency plans and realize the effective management of estimated schedule uncertainties. A mathematical integer linear programming optimization model coded using CPLEX is developed to assess appropriate strategies for project execution under time and cost constraints. A set of project evaluation optimization models considering risk and project crash plan and the relationship between crash cost and delay penalty is also developed for assessing project feasibility. The correlation between project risk and crashing strategy has seldom been evaluated simultaneously in previous research. This work fills this research gap by quantifying the feasibility of a project, with combined data on risk, schedule, and cost as evaluation indicators. It allows project managers to consider management issues and strategies before they implement projects. A practical example with numerical applications is presented to illustrate the contribution of the decision-making support mechanism, and several managerial insights are provided.
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Li, Mingyu, and Li Yang. "Study of the Constrained Resources to Projects Based on the Random Networks." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 02082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125302082.
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In this paper, a number of concurrent network projects with random activities are studied, and the proposed model enables people to control various resources such as rare and expensive resources transported from outside in a short time. For each project, the schedule date and the admissible confidence probability of timely completion of the project were defined. The initial instants of realization of all projects, the required total power of each of the reproducible resources, the delivery schedule of rare reproducible resources that are not at the disposal of the project management system, and the schedule of beginning all activities were determined. The minimal nonoperational costs, such as penalty provisions for failure to execute the project in time, fines for idling of the rare external resources, costs of resource lease were used as the target function. The developed model can be used to plan and supervise one or more random PERT-like network projects. It can significantly reduce the cost of project implementation.
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Połoński, Mieczysław. "Scheduling of building projects taking into account the time buffers determined on the basis of risk analysis." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 047–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2164.
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The methodology of development of building project schedules, proposed in the article, is based on an attempt to combine two independent approaches in order to increase the probability of fulfillment of time limits planned in the CPM schedules during the performance of construction works. The analysis of the risk associated with the planned building project will allow for the determination of those tasks which are most threatened by the exceeding of the planned duration time. The application of time buffers, their proper location in the schedule and the determination of their duration, taking into account the expected risk of delays, allow to develop the schedules that contain the appropriate time reserves to compensating for the possible delays. Such a schedule may serve not only as a reliable basis for the determination of the expected deadline for completion of construction works, but also for the management of these works during performance. Selected components of MOCRA and MP-KP methods were proposed in the article.
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Moselhi, Osama. "Schedule compression using the direct stiffness method." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-007.
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This paper presents a new method for critical path (CPM) scheduling that optimizes project duration in order to minimize the project total cost. In addition, the method could be used to produce constrained schedules that accommodate contractual completion dates of projects and their milestones. The proposed method is based on the well-known "direct stiffness method" for structural analysis. The method establishes a complete analogy between the structural analysis problem with imposed support settlement and that of project scheduling with imposed target completion date. The project CPM network is replaced by an equivalent structure. The equivalence conditions are established such that when the equivalent structure is compressed by an imposed displacement equal to the schedule compression, the sum of all member forces represents the additional cost required to achieve such compression. To enable a comparison with the currently used methods, an example application from the literature is analyzed using the proposed method. The results are in close agreement with those obtained using current techniques. In addition, the proposed method has some interesting features: (i) it is flexible, providing a trade-off between required accuracy and computational effort, (ii) it is capable of providing solutions to CPM networks where dynamic programming may not be directly applicable, and (iii) it could be extended to treat other problems including the impact of delays and disruptions on schedule and budget of construction projects. Key words: construction scheduling, time–cost trade-off, project cost optimization, scheduling with constraints, project acceleration.
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Grau, David, and Amin Abbaszadegan. "Impact of Real-time Project Control on Capital Project Cost and Schedule Performance." Organization, Technology & Management in Construction: An International Journal 7, no. 2 (November 2015): 1289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/otmcj.2015.2.3.
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Smith, Alison, Rana Ead, and Simaan Abourizk. "Using Computer Simulations to Plan Construction Projects Accurately." Alberta Academic Review 2, no. 2 (September 21, 2019): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/aar70.
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The three main objectives in construction projects are completing the project on time, within budget, and with good quality. Each construction project is unique and unpredictable making it beneficial to model the project before executing it. There are many ways to model a construction project; however, computer models are ideal. It is very costly and time consuming to experiment with the actual system. Therefore, by using a computer simulation, accurate data can be collected from the project without the time and cost drawbacks. The specific construction project researched is based on a real project from Fort Mcmurray Alberta, Canada. The construction project involved the delivery and erection of three different types of steel in a construction site. Once the steel has been delivered, it needs to be stored and then carried by forklift to one of two cranes to be erected. A schedule was provided for which days each type of material was expected to be delivered and erected, however this schedule did not account for the 20% chance that any delivery could be delayed by one day or the 10% chance that deliveries could be delayed by two days. A model project was created on Simphony.NET with the assumptions that work could commence the entire day (24 hours), the site has unlimited storage, and a delay in one delivery does not delay all the deliveries after it. The schedule for the project was then modified to reflect the results of the simulation. The modified schedule showed that several deliveries of materials were delayed. However, due to the model’s assumptions and the time for erection being relatively short, the planned schedule for the erection of the materials was not delayed. By using the data collected from the computer simulation it was possible to more accurately plan the schedule for this construction project.
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Rabie, Mohamad, and Sameh El-Sayegh. "Modelling of tri-parameter bidding integrating cost, time and risk: a stochastic approach." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 22, no. 2 (August 7, 2017): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-06-2016-0024.
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Purpose This paper aims to propose a new tri-parameter bidding model integrating cost, time and risk. The key value of the model is that it remains within the framework of the competitive bidding system while controlling the risk resulting from float loss. Design/methodology/approach The model utilizes stochastic scheduling to quantify the float loss impact at the project level. Prospective bidders are evaluated based on their total combined bid (TCB) including cost, time and risk. The risk parameter is calculated as the relative risk between the bidder’s schedule and the client’s baseline schedule. Findings The results confirmed that choosing the contractor based on the lowest price and time reduces the available float and increases the schedule risks. The probability of completing the project on time dropped from 46 per cent for the baseline schedule to 19 per cent for the bidder with the most compressed schedule. The selected bidder, using the proposed model, has the lowest TCB of cost, time and risk. Results show that adding the risk parameter in the evaluation changed the ranking of the bidders. Research limitations/implications The model does not discuss all project risks that the contractor retains. It focuses on schedule risks that result from shortening project duration. The model focuses on solving the problem with price plus time bidding method by addressing the schedule risk issue. Other criteria, such as sustainability, are not considered. Practical implications The proposed model encourages contractors to pay more attention to the time parameter and the schedule risks resulting from aggressive reduction in project duration. Originality/value Problems arose, in the current complex construction industry, as owners rely solely on price as the award criterion. Recently, the bi-parameter bidding system, A + B, introduced the time parameter to the awarding criteria. However, reducing the project duration by compressing the schedule consumes the float of non-critical activities, which reduces the schedule flexibility of a project. The proposed model allows clients to evaluate potential bidders objectively. Rather than evaluating the bidders based on price, in the conventional low bid system, or based on price and time, as in the A + B system, the bidders are evaluated based on three parameters: price, time and risk.
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Biruk, Sławomir, and Piotr Jaśkowski. "Selection of the Optimal Actions for Crashing Processes Duration to Increase the Robustness of Construction Schedules." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 8028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228028.
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Both the construction clients and the contractors want their projects delivered on time. Construction schedules, usually tight from the beginning, tend to expire as the progress of works is disturbed by materializing risks. As consequence, the project’s original milestones are delayed. To protect the due date and, at the same time, avoid changes to the logic of work, the manager needs to the project progress and, if delays occur, speed up processes not yet completed. The authors investigate the problem of selecting the optimal set of actions of responding to schedule delays. They put forward a simulation-based method of selecting schedule compression measures (speeding up processes) and determining the best moment to take such actions. The idea is explained using a simple case. The results confirm that it is possible to find an easily implementable schedule crashing mode to answer schedule disturbances. The proposed method enables minimizing the cost of schedule crashing actions and the cost of delays as well as increasing the robustness of the schedule by reducing differences between the actual and the as-planned process starts. It is intended as a decision support tool to help construction managers prepare better reactive schedules. The lowest costs are achieved if the acceleration measures are implemented with some time lag to the occurrence of delays.
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Chilton, Michael A. "Resource Allocation and Planning in Single and Multi-Project Environments." International Journal of Social and Organizational Dynamics in IT 5, no. 1 (January 2016): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsodit.2016010102.
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IT projects often fail to be completed on time, on budget, within scope, with the required functionality and error free. The reasons for project failure are numerous and have been well studied and identified in the literature; however, most studies assume that project managers are completely devoted to the execution of the project and disregard any time wasting efforts that keep them from these duties. One such duty is the assignment and tracking of personnel to tasks within a project. As workers become over-allocated, the PM must redirect his or her efforts to balancing the overall schedule. This task is often performed manually causing PMs to spend much of their time attending to the details of the schedule instead of dealing with the issues critical to the project. The author describes here software that optimizes the schedule when resources are limited and describe its use in both single and multiple project environments.
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Lech, Przemyslaw. "ERP Project Success Perception by the Adopters." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 4, no. 1 (January 2013): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitpm.2013010102.
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The purpose of this paper is to determine how the context of the deviations from the planned budget and/or schedule affect the success perception of the project in the eyes of the project management and top management of an adopting organization on a basis of three Enterprise System implementation projects, none of which has met the time-budget criterion. The projects are evaluated against the lists of project failure factors commonly cited in the literature. The results of the study show that deviation from the initially planned schedule and/or budget does not affect the success perception, providing that the project was properly managed and its business outcome is achieved.
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Kumar Mishra, Anjay, and Kailash Kumar Moktan. "IDENTIFICATION OF CONSTRAINTS IN PROJECT SCHEDULE MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i2.2019.990.
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Theory of Constraints (TOC) is new concept of project management. Every project has some constraints. This study explores the constraints to improve the project performance dealing with time constraint with a case of Sankosh-Tipling Road project and Bhimdhunga-Lamidanda Road Project of Dhading District.
Questionnaire survey, Project report analysis, Key informant interview and case studies were the methods used for the data collection and content analysis, S-Curve and interim payment assessment were done to process the data.
The major constraint among several other constraints in Bhimdhunga-Lamidanda Road project, legal constraint which is restriction of District Coordination Committee (DCC) to collect gravel and boulders from river and quarry sites was found as major constraint in the project. Constraint has affected with time extension for total 309 days with progress of only 34.76% till 13 june, 2017. Thus, this study has assumed that project could be completed within previously proposed deadline if different counter measures which have been suggested with consideration of TOC.
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Hu, Wei, and Kamalesh Panthi. "Project status reporting system (PSRS) for pipeline relocation programs." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 693–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-09-2019-0075.
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PurposeSuccessful performance and execution of construction projects depend highly on a good project control system capable of tracking and reporting project status on a desired time interval. The purpose of this paper is to propose such a control system by integrating spreadsheet and Visual Basic for Application to produce a customized tracking system for Pipeline Relocation Programs under Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) contracts.Design/methodology/approachThe project status reporting system (PSRS) proposed here was developed to produce a single page summary report that would include scope information, financial status, descriptive status updates and top-level task schedules. This information is retrieved from various sources and transformed further utilizing specific formulas and algorithm needed to compute the budget and schedule status of the pipe relocation project. A practical case study is used to demonstrate its unique application.FindingsThe system has successfully integrated project finance and schedule information into a central control hub. Financial and schedule performance of a project is tracked and monitored by the PSRS automatically.Originality/valueThe proposed system utilizes the powerful computing capability of MS Excel and the user-friendly VBA programming tool to customize the reporting needs of a project and program environment. The proposed system, whose functionality has been validated by the intended users, tries to achieve a balance between simplicity, accuracy and effectiveness for the flow of information at a much lower cost compared to the other readily available project control software.
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Hajali-Mohamad, M. T., M. R. Mosavi, and K. Shahanaghi. "Optimal estimating the project completion time and diagnosing the fault in the project." DYNA 83, no. 195 (February 23, 2016): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v83n195.44293.
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The main objective of the project management team is to implement the project taking into consideration the Budget, schedule and constraints. In addition, project accomplishment, especially with large projects, requires the project to be correctly envisaged. Earned value (EV) management is a valuable technique for analyzing and controlling the performance of the project and predicting the total cost before its completion. Thus, fuzzy systems such as Adaptive Network based on the Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Parallel Structure based on the Fuzzy System (PSFS) are used to predict the project completion time. In this paper, the plan value diagram is used to predict the earn value diagram using three methods. These three methods are based on the PSFS and Neural Networks (NNs), which help with the implementation of the projects in organizations. The results of these three methods decreased the prediction error of the EV diagram by up to 2%.
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Przywara, Daniel, and Adam Rak. "Monitoring of Time and Cost Variances of Schedule Using Simple Earned Value Method Indicators." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041357.
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The Planning and implementation of construction projects are difficult processes and are burdened with many risk elements. The budget spread over time, which is developed on the basis of the schedule, presents the expected distribution of costs throughout the duration of the works, which during the implementation of the project is subject to constant changes resulting from time, cost, and organizational factors. Managing construction contracts requires managers to be able to analyze on an ongoing basis the variances of production costs-from the values calculated in the offer cost estimate and assumed in the Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled. The article attempts to analyze the emerging time and cost deviations using proprietary time variances from the schedule (T/S) and variances from planned costs (T/C) monitoring, based on simple indicators of the earned value method (EVM). An example of construction of a multi-family housing development was used to study the variances of planned and incurred costs.
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Shahid Iqbal, Nabeel Ehtisham, Syed Farqaleet K. Bukhari, and Shahid Mahmood. "The Assessment of Risk Management & Engineering Management Practices at Project Planning Phase on Performance of Construction Projects." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 1365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i4.1446.
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Project Risk management is known as an important workout for the achievement of desired objectives for the construction projects. Success in construction project is quantified by attaining its enactment in terms of project quality, project cost, project time, project safety. Construction projects in Pakistan, typically in the whole world have a high risk of being pointedly late and over budget. However, a bit of schedule and cost related risks are unavoidable in any construction project around the world.
It was found out that the engineers were generally nominated earlier the design phase of any project. Due to this reason maximum projects did not get the advantage from SMEs at the planning stage of the project. This study also supports that project managers who are engineers be involved in construction projects site selection, in preliminary budget and schedule development by using good Engineering Management Practices.
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Sakalauskas, Leonidas, and Gražvydas Felinskas. "OPTIMIZATION OF RESOURCE‐CONSTRAINED PROJECT SCHEDULES BY SIMULATED ANNEALING AND VARIABLE NEIGHBORHOOD SEARCH." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 12, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2006.9637759.
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Applications of information technologies are often related to making some schedules, timetables of tasks or jobs with constrained resources. In this paper we consider job scheduling and optimization algorithms related to resources, time and other constraints. Schedule optimization procedures, based on schedule coding by priority list of jobs, are created and investigated. Optimal priority list of jobs is found by approaching algorithms of local and global search, namely, random search and simulated annealing methods with the variable neighborhood, defined by the decoding procedure applied. Computational results with testing data from project scheduling Library are given.
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Wadkar, Nishant, Abhishek Joshi, Akshay kumar Vallakati, and Prof Mittal Solanki. "REAL TIME RAILWAY INDICATOR." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 5, no. 3 (September 7, 2017): 09–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2017.532.
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Railway is known as the lifeline of the Mumbai. Railway authorities have to work hard to keep this lifeline on track and on time. There are all kind trains schedules, timetable, schedule books of train timing etc. but trains do not run on time due to various reasons or causes. The moto of the project is to display the passenger information display message on the mobile phone application in real time in which data from railway server will be collected and displayed on the mobile application with the help of application programming interface (API) and database. It will also display the important messages and an announcement in the application.
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Amor, Jean-Pierre, and Charles J. Teplitz. "An Efficient Approximation for Project Composite Learning Curves." Project Management Journal 29, no. 3 (September 1998): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875697289802900306.
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The project manager is responsible for providing an accurate project schedule estimate to all parties involved in a new project. To improve the accuracy of such schedules, especially for programs consisting of repetitive projects, it is necessary for the program/project manager to incorporate the “learning effect” into activity time estimates. Any activity that a worker will be performing repetitively will likely see its duration time decrease along a predetermined learning curve. To ignore the learning effect during the estimating phase is to settle for inaccurate estimates and likely broken delivery promises. While previous authors have argued the wisdom of incorporating learning curves, they have only provided computationally expensive means of doing so. This paper demonstrates through several diverse examples of multiunit programs that project composite learning curves can be approximated with minimal effort to provide accurate estimates of program duration and delivery dates.
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احمد, علاء الدين نوري, and نذير عباس ابراهيم. "Scheduling Critical Activities of Stochastic Projects Management." Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 18, no. 68 (December 1, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33095/jeas.v18i68.988.
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In this paper, we consider the problem of stochastic project network when some or all activities are interrupted. An approach has been built to schedule the critical activities, by constructing some expressions based on the project lateness costs due to the interruption activities. Two simple example are presented to validate our approach.
Key words: Project Management, Project scheduling, Stochastic activity duration, Stochastic PERT.
Introduction
Recently, Projects planning and optimal timing, under uncertainty are extremely critical for many organizations, see [19]. Having an effective mathematical model will give project managers a significant tool for replanning projects allocation decisions in response events and outcomes. As a result, the uncertainty associated with such risky projects should be reduced.
No one factor can account for, or prevent, failure in a project. It is common practice for a project team to develop a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management plan. Identifying the most critical activities with regard to schedule risk is a problem faced by all project managers.
The problem of identifying critical activities (CA) in a deterministic network is well understood, by standard Critical Path Method (CPM) known as Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). Since a project could be delayed if these activities were not completed in the scheduled time. The classical PERT method is the probably is the best-known mechanism for considering the stochastic nature of activity durations, in which it is possible to develop estimates of the uncertainty of the project make span. For more details see [8] & [10 ].
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Tsai, Ming-Kuan, Jyh-Bin Yang, and Nie-Jia Yau. "DEVELOPING COMPUTER-BASED SCHEDULE DELAY ANALYSIS METHODS BASED ON INFORMATION FLOW ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 19, no. 6 (October 24, 2013): 823–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.801901.
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Schedule analysts often resolve diverse schedule delay problems in construction projects based on their subjective experiences. Although various process-based and mathematical-model schedule delay analysis methods are available for effective schedule delay analysis, these methods require time-consuming manual operation. The use of computer-based schedule delay analysis methods seems to be a solution. However, schedule analysts still have difficulty developing computer-based schedule delay analysis methods. Therefore, this study applies information flow analysis to classify the necessary work to develop computer-based schedule delay analysis methods. In contrast to numerous studies that focus only on computerizing a process-based or a mathematical-model schedule delay analysis method, this study constructs a computer-based method that integrates two process-based schedule delay analysis methods simultaneously. In a tested case study, the delay liability for the project owner and contractor was classified successfully. Importantly, this study provides a useful reference for similar applications in project management.
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Zhou, Ping, Cheng Jin, Shengming Xiao, and Tie Jiang. "Research on schedule control method of EPC general contract project based on Technology Management." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 05051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123605051.
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In order to improve the effect of EPC project schedule control, increase the precision of project control, and achieve the best project management benefits, this paper proposes a schedule control method of EPC general contract project based on technical management. The audit process of project contracting is used to optimize the management content of EPC project, and the schedule control of EPC project is realized by managing EPC project information, controlling EPC project schedule and adjusting the progress of cost engineering project. In order to verify the control effect of this method on EPC project schedule, a comparative experiment is designed. This method can effectively improve the project control accuracy, ensure the project cost and quality, and complete the operation and management objectives of the construction project in a reasonable time.
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Alzarrad, M. Ammar, Gary P. Moynihan, Muhammad T. Hatamleh, and Siyuan Song. "Fuzzy Multicriteria Decision-Making Model for Time-Cost-Risk Trade-Off Optimization in Construction Projects." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (November 27, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7852301.
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As is often the case in project scheduling, when the project duration is shortened to decrease total cost, the total float is lost resulting in added critical or nearly critical activities. This, in turn, results in decreasing the probability of completing the project on time and increases the risk of schedule delays. To solve this problem, this research developed a fuzzy multicriteria decision-making (FMCDM) model. The objective of this model is to help project managers improve their decisions regarding time-cost-risk trade-offs (TCRTO) in construction projects. In this model, an optimization algorithm based on fuzzy logic and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used to analyze the time-cost-risk trade-off alternatives and select the best one based on selected criteria. The algorithm was implemented in the MATLAB software and applied to two case studies to verify and validate the presented model. The presented FMCDM model could help produce a more reliable schedule and mitigate the risk of projects running overbudget or behind schedule. Further, this model is a powerful decision-making instrument to help managers reduce uncertainties and improve the accuracy of time-cost-risk trade-offs. The presented FMCDM model employed fuzzy linguistic terms, which provide decision-makers with the opportunity to give their judgments as intervals comparing to fixed value judgments. In conclusion, the presented FMCDM model has high robustness, and it is an attractive alternative to the traditional methods to solve the time-cost-risk trade-off problem in construction.
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Zohrehvandi, Shakib, Mario Vanhoucke, and Mohammad Khalilzadeh. "A project buffer and resource management model in energy sector; a case study in construction of a wind farm project." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 14, no. 6 (April 21, 2020): 1123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-10-2019-0025.
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Purpose This study aims to introduce an efficient project buffer and resource management (PBRM) model for project resource leveling and project buffer sizing and controlling of project buffer consumption of a wind power plant project to achieve a more realistic project duration. Design/methodology/approach The methodology of this research consists of three main phases. In the first phase of the research methodology, resource leveling is done in the project and resource conflicts of activities are identified. In the second phase, the project critical chain is determined, and the appropriate size of the project buffer is specified. In the third phase of the methodology, buffer consumption is controlled and monitored during the project implementation. After using the PBRM method, the results of this project were compared with those of the previous projects. Findings According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that using PBRM model in this wind turbine project construction, the project duration became 25 per cent shorter than the scheduled duration and also 29 per cent shorter than average duration of previous similar projects. Research limitations/implications One of the major problems with projects is that they are not completed according to schedule, and this creates time delays and losses in the implementation of projects. Today, as projects in the energy sector, especially renewable projects, are on the increase and also we are facing resource constraint in the implementation of projects, using scheduling techniques to minimize delays and obtain more realistic project duration is necessary. Practical implications This research was carried out in a wind farm project. In spite of the initial plan duration of 142 days and average duration of previous similar projects of 146 days, the project was completed in 113 days. Originality/value This paper introduces a practical project buffer and resource management model for project resource leveling, project buffer sizing and buffer consumption monitoring to reach a more realistic schedule in energy sector. This study adds to the literature by proposing the PBRM model in renewable energy sector.
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Aksenov, N. A. "Maglev: as a new stage of high-speed transport development." Transportation systems and technology 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20173124-34.
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The article critically examines the domestic experience in developing a high-speed highway project between Moscow and Kazan as an example of implementing the risks of a large-scale railway project. The project of construction of a cargo magnetolevitational highway (GMLM) is considered taking into account the experience of the BCM Moscow-Kazan project. Introduction: The article analyzes the progress in the implementation of the high-speed highway project and identifies the problems that have arisen. Examples of the difficulties encountered in the implementation of transport with the use of magnetic levitation in the USSR are given. The work of the construction project of the cargo magnetolevitational highway on the basis of which the network schedule of the project's work should be built is described. The evaluation of the characteristics of the project according to various classification characteristics. Goal: Substantiation of the need to develop a network schedule for the construction of a cargo magnetolevitational highway in the section between the Baltic Sea ports and cargo terminals in Moscow. Method: Analytical evaluation of the implemented and ongoing projects, as well as the proposed construction project of the GMLM. Results: The characteristics of the project for various classifications and the allocation of work will simplify the further procedure for creating the project's hierarchical structure of works (ISR), as well as estimating the cost of the project as a whole. Conclusions: Creation of the project work schedule allows: to determine the sequence of operations of the project; Estimate the cost of individual project activities, followed by a general assessment of the project; To reveal the reserves of time; identify the critical path of the project.
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Hu, Changming, Juan Wang, and Yuan Mei. "Uncertain Time-Resource-Cost Trade-Off Models for Construction Project Schedule." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 8 (May 26, 2021): 2771–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-1798-7.
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Hwang, Bon-Gang, Lay Peng Leong, and Young-Ki Huh. "SUSTAINABLE GREEN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT: SCHEDULE PERFORMANCE AND IMPROVEMENT." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 19, Supplement_1 (January 28, 2014): S43—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2013.869669.
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Over the last few years, the green building movement in Singapore has leaped bountifully. While environmental sustainability for greener construction has been emphasized, rare research has been conducted to analyze performance of green construction projects. As a result, this study aims to address schedule performance of green building construction projects and to provide some recommendations that may improve the targeted performance. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire was developed and the responses from 30 companies were analysed, and interviews with 6 project managers were conducted to further supplement and substantiate the survey results. The analysis reported that green building projects required an average of 8% more time than traditional building projects of similar size and characteristics. In addition, on average, these projects were delayed by 4.8% when compared with their as-planned schedules. Lastly, a list of recommendations was also introduced, aiming to ameliorate the schedule performance. This study will offer a benchmark for the industry to gauge the overall duration and performance of green building construction projects.
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Mansoorzadeh, Shiva, Sha’ri Mohd Yusof, Shahriar Mansoorzadeh, and Hossein Zeynal. "A Comprehensive and Practical Framework for Reliable Scheduling in Project Management." Advanced Materials Research 903 (February 2014): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.903.378.
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Schedule reliability is essential to successfully achieve EPC (engineering, procurement and constriction) project objectives. Several studies in the past were based on traditional risk management technique which has its own limitations that lack one to obtain a reliable project schedule. To overcome these limitations a comprehensive framework is developed based on the integration of risk management and Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) that can give a much reliable project scheduling. In the proposed framework, risk analysis is first determined through fuzzy FMEA technique to provide identification of critical risk events (CRE). The effect of CRE on project schedule is then defined and total project time which considers risk factors is calculated. To support risk mitigation, fault tree and event tree analysis are combined which allows the root causes of the risk event be defined and also mitigation strategies determined to control each identified CRE. Eventually, CCPM is distributed which enable implementation of the project based on initial plan and to obtain reasonable Feeding Buffer time on risky tasks. This paper presents the proposed framework using a real case study on construction phases of EPC projects in an electrical power industry.
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Yang, Yu Lin, and Bao Lei Su. "A Case Study on the Optimization of Runway Reconstruction Project Scheduling Based on the Supervision Management Data." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 1029–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1029.
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In view of the time interleaving of the relevant processes in runway reconstruction project and the simplification of the relevant processes in current schedule optimization models, runway reconstruction project scheduling is treated the same way as the ordinary construction project, which can’t meet the requirement of the efficient use of limited daily construction time. Statistics of the daily supervision management data in an actual runway reconstruction project are analyzed according to each process respectively. The law of data distribution can help to judge the reliability of the planed schedule and some process with actual physical meaning can be divided into several processes having no physical meanings as the process time interleaving taken into consideration. Then a new equivalent schedule network diagram with independent processes is built to replace the old one and the Critical Path Method (CPM) technique can be used to solve this mathematic problem and develop a schedule. The schedule plan from the modified schedule network diagram can prove the validity of the modified optimization model compared with the one from the ordinary schedule plan method.
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Tran, Duc-Hoc, Long Luong-Duc, Minh-Tin Duong, Trong-Nhan Le, and Anh-Duc Pham. "Opposition multiple objective symbiotic organisms search (OMOSOS) for time, cost, quality and work continuity tradeoff in repetitive projects." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 5, no. 2 (November 11, 2017): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2017.11.008.
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Abstract Construction managers often face with projects containing multiple units wherein activities repeat from unit to unit. Therefore effective resource management is crucial in terms of project duration, cost and quality. Accordingly, researchers have developed several models to aid planners in developing practical and near-optimal schedules for repetitive projects. Despite their undeniable benefits, such models lack the ability of pure simultaneous optimization because existing methodologies optimize the schedule with respect to a single factor, to achieve minimum duration, total cost, resource work breaks or various combinations, respectively. This study introduces a novel approach called “opposition multiple objective symbiotic organisms search” (OMOSOS) for scheduling repetitive projects. The proposed algorithm used an opposition-based learning technique for population initialization and for generation jumping. Further, this study integrated a scheduling module (M1) to determine all project objectives including time, cost, quality and interruption. The proposed algorithm was implemented on two application examples in order to demonstrate its capabilities in optimizing the scheduling of repetitive construction projects. The results indicate that the OMOSOS approach is a powerful optimization technique and can assist project managers in selecting appropriate plan for project. Highlights This study presents an advanced multiple optimization algorithm OMOSOS. Opposition technique is utilized to spreading the initial population and generation jumping. OMOSOS is applied to solve time, cost, quality and work continuity tradeoff problem. The model performance is demonstrated in the experimental results.