Dissertations / Theses: 'Projective tests'

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Bailey, Hannah, Noelle M. Giacona, and Angel Yang. "Arts-Based Assessments and Projective Tests: An Interpretation of Self." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2019. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/825.

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This research seeks to understand the relationship between arts-based assessments and perception of self through exploration of participants’ interpretations of their own animal drawings. Subjects’ experiences with projective tests, personality assessments and tools, and art assessments were also examined for contextual understanding and comparison. To conduct this mixed methods pilot study, a survey was administered to alumni of the Loyola Marymount University Marital and Family Therapy Department. The findings suggest evidence of self- projection within arts-based assessment interpretation by way of metaphor, and highlight the potential for interpretation bias in therapeutic assessment, both in administration and perception. This pilot study has provided foundational information for future research, and suggests the following to be considered for continued exploration: styles of interpretation, framework of questions, usefulness of assessments, consistency of assessment interpretation, and how demographics plays a role in each of these elements.

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Camart, Nathalie. "Approche dimensionnelle de la personnalité de patients phobiques sociaux : étude psychométrique et projective." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100070.

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L'objectif de cette recherche est d'étudier la personnalité de patients phobiques sociaux dans une approche dimensionnelle, basée sur le modèle en cinq facteurs et complétée par une méthode projective. Dans ce but, 100 patients phobiques sociaux ont passé l'inventaire de personnalité NEO PI-R et 50 le test de Rorschach et ont été comparés à des patients dépressifs. Les données obtenues au NEO PI-R montrent l'existence de traits de personnalité propres aux phobiques sociaux. Un indice de dépistage a pu être établi. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière de l'apport de l'approche dimensionnelle pour le diagnostic et la définition de la phobie sociale et des nombreuses perspectives théoriques et pratiques qui en découlent. Les résultats obtenus au Rorschach montrent des particularités intéressantes mais qui ne ressortent pas à grande échelle. Ils sont discutés dans le cadre d'une réflexion sur la nature des réalités psychologiques mesurées par ce test
The object of this study is the evaluation of social phobic patients' personality in a dimensional approach, based on the five-factor model and completed by a projective method. 100 social phobic patients have been assessed the personality inventory NEO PI-R, and 50 the Rorschach test and then have been compared to depressed patients. The findings of the NEO- PI-R reveal specific personality traits of social phobic patients. An detection index of this disorder have been identified. The findings are discussed in the light of the dimensional approach for the diagnosis and definition of social phobia, the theoretical and practical perspectives resulting from it. The Rorschach's results show interesting particularities but they do not appear on a large scale. They are discussed considering the nature of psychological realities measured by this test

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Martin-Pessard, Dominque. "Le Troisième élément : épreuve projective pour enfants." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20075.

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La thèse a pour objet la construction d'un test projectif. Il s'adresse à des enfants entre 4 et 12 ans ; il s'agit de construire des scènes familiales ou sociales à l'aide de 12 planches incomplètes et de 8 compléments possibles pour chaque planche. Sur chacune d'elle sont majoritairement dessinés une femme et un enfant, le sujet choisit un troisième élément qui peut être un homme, un autre enfant ou un objet. La scène ainsi construite est racontée. Le test a été expérimenté auprès de 215 enfants ; nous avons cherché à connaître les choix les plus fréquents, ainsi que les récits et les manières de choisir, puis nous avons évalué selon l'âge, le sexe et la difficulté scolaire, quelle était la sensibilité de l'épreuve. Nous avons comparé en particulier deux populations d'enfants en apprentissage de lecture, et trouvé quelques traits pertinents face au test, qui peuvent avoir des liens avec le comportement scolaire. Le test est sensible à l'aspect génétique ; ainsi les conduites face à l'épreuve ainsi que les représentations sociales sollicitées par les planches varient selon l'âge. Nous avons élaboré une grille d'analyse qui rend compte des conduites de l'enfant par rapport au problème posé par la sollicitation autour de la construction d'une scène familiale, et nous mettons en évidence également les écarts par rapport à la norme dans le contenu du récit produit par l'enfant
The thesis object is the construction of a projective test for children between 4 and 12. They must build a familial or social scene with a picture and a complement. A mother and a child are drawn and there is a third element, which can be a man, another child or an object. We experimented this test with 215 children, we found the most frequent choice according to the age. We note how the child choice and what does he say about the picture and we compare with the most of the children's production. The test is sensible at the age and sometimes at the school difficulties

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Pearce, Stewart 1954. "Effects of computer administration upon a tree drawing projective technique." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277283.

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Projective tree drawing techniques are used by clinicians and therapists to assess the personality and emotional state of patients. This study compares the results of administering a computerized projective tree drawing technique with the results obtained by a pencil and paper counterpart. Both techniques are based upon the tree drawing component of the House-Tree-Person technique and related tests. With Compute-A-Tree, subjects created tree pictures from a menu of preselected imagery while subjects taking the conventional form of the technique produced spontaneous tree drawings. A post-drawing questionnaire (PDQ) employing a Likert scale was used to measure subjects attitudes regarding their tree images. The mean score for computer rendered trees was higher than the mean score for conventionally rendered images. Similarities were found between responses to the images obtained through the two forms of administration.

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Louët, Estelle. "Les écueils mélancoliques et maniaques à l'adolescence : approches métapsychologique, clinique et projective des troubles bipolaires." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H115.

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Les troubles bipolaires à l'adolescence interrogent avec force la question du diagnostic différentiel avec la schizophrénie. Cette recherche fait partie d'une étude naturaliste menée dans le service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent de la Pitié Salpêtrière, portant sur le devenir d'adolescents hospitalisés pour des troubles thymiques graves, maniaques ou mixtes. Tous les patients ont été recontactés en moyenne 5 ans après leur hospitalisation pour une nouvelle évaluation diagnostique. En quoi les épreuves projectives peuvent-elles contribuer au diagnostic différentiel ? Nous avons analysé 24 protocoles de Rorschach et de TAT réalisés au moment de l' épisode index, proposant une analyse psychopathologique et une évaluation du risque de transition vers la schizophrénie. Les résultats comparés avec les diagnostics de devenir, montrent un lien qui "tend" à être statistiquement significatif. Au-delà des considérations psychopathologiques, nous avons interrogé les modèles métapsychologiques de la mélancolie, afin d'éclairer les processus à l'oeuvre dans la maladie bipolaire et schizophrénique. Processus mélancolique et psychotique ont été mis en perspective, découvrant des points de rencontre autour de la fracture initiale du moi. Des divergences apparaissent dans les modalités de réparation de la blessure, liées à la qualité du narcissisme, trop défaillant dans la schizophrénie. Les modalités du traitement oedipien et de perte d'objet se retrouvent autour d'une solution expiatoire s'exprimant au travers de fantasmes sadomasochistes
Bipolar disorder during adolescence questions the differential diagnosis with schizophrenia. This research is part of a naturalist study let by the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Center of the Pitie-Salpetriere : we studied the evolution of adolescents who were hospitalized for serious mood disorders, manic or bipolar. All the patients were contacted 5 years after their hospitalization for a new diagnostic evaluation. How can projective tests contribute to the differential diagnosis ? We analyzed 24 protocols of Rorschach and TAT that had been given during the first episode : this resulted in a psychopathological analysis and an assessment of the risks of transition towards schizophrenia. The results compared to the diagnosis of the adolescents evolution show a « tendency » to be statistically significant. Beyond the psychopathological considerations we questioned the different metapsychological models of melancholia in order to understand the processes involved in bipolar disorders and schizophrenia. Melancholic and psychotic processes were compared, which showed that there was an initial fracture of the self in both. These organisations differ in their reparation mode, due to the quality of narcissism, too week in schizophrenia. As for the oedipal motions and object loss, they find a self sacrificing I solution, expressed through sado masochistic fantasies

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Forestier, Orgiazzi Isabelle. "De la fantasmatique parentale à la fantasmatique individuelle : étude de la structure inter-projective parentale organisatrice de l'élaboration projective de l'enfant à travers les tests TAT et Rorschach." Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE29023.

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Ce travail se donne comme objectif de valider l'hypothese qu'il existe une correlation entre l'imaginaire de l'enfant et celui de ses parents. Cette hypothese s'inscrit dans le cadre conceptuel : -des theories psychanalytiques groupalistes developpees notamment par d. Anzieu,r. Kaes et sur la base desquelles a. Fuffiot a elabore le concept d'appareil psychique familial pour fonder une theorie et une pratique psychanalytiques de la therapie familiale, -des methodes projectives utilisees dans une comprehension psychanalytique et comprises au regard du corpus theorique de la metapsychologie freudienne dans le courant des travaux de l'ecole projectiviste representee par v. Shentoub, n. Rausch de traubenberg, c. Chabert, f. Brelet et m. Peruchon. L'hypothese qu'il existe une structure inter-projective parentale organisant l'elaboration projective de l'enfant a ete mise a l'epreuve par la passation individuelle des tests tat et rorschach chez l'enfant et ses deux parents. Le premier volet clinique presente les protocoles de trois familles dont l'enfant presente des troubles d'allure psychotique et un cas d'anomalie chromosomique, le second volet presentant les protocoles de trois familles dont l'enfant presente une symptomatologie encopretique, anorexique et phobique. Les protocoles sont analyses individuellement puis font l'objet d'un groupement familial. Les problematiques communes degagees sont resituees dans la dynamique d'une inter-fantasmatisation familiale pour une modelisation en liaison avec les donnees theoriques existantes
This work wants to validate the hypothesis that exists a correlation between children's imaginary and his parent's. This hypothesis enters in the conceptual frame: -of the psycho-analytic groupalist theories developed by d. Anzieu r. Kaes and from which a. Ruffiot has developed the concept of psychic family system to found a psycho-analytic theory and practice of the familial therapy - projective methods used in the current of the works by v. Shentoub, n. Rausch de traubenberg, c. Chabert, f. Brelet and m. Peruchon. The hypothesis that exists an inter-projective parental structure organizing the children's projective elaboration has been tested by the individual passation of tat and rorschach on the children and his two parents. The clinical part presents the family's protocols whose the children presents psychotic troubles, a chromosomic anomaly, an encopretic, anorexic and phobic symptomatology. The protocols are analysed individualy then regrouped, and the common problematics are resituated in the dynamic of the familial inter-fantasmatisation for a modelisation in liaison with the existent theories

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Le, Minh Tam. "Réflexions méthodologiques autour du Napping : vers une intégration du comportement du sujet dans l’analyse des données de Napping." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSARG014/document.

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L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est d’amener des éléments de réflexions méthodologiques autour du Napping®. Le premier chapitre de ce manuscrit rappelle aux lecteurs ce qu’est le Napping®, à travers une description de la tâche et des données qu’elle fournit, telles qu’elles ont été imaginées initialement par Jérôme Pagès (2005). C’est dans ce même chapitre que le lecteur peut réaliser à quel point il est important de prendre en compte le comportement du sujet lors de la tâche, tant pour la compréhension des données que pour leur traitement. Le deuxième chapitre de ce manuscrit propose un modèle du comportement du sujet dans le cas où le nombre de stimuli est relativement élevé, une situation couramment rencontrée en pratique.Ce modèle et ses limites amènent le lecteur au chapitre 3, dans lequel il est présenté une méthode originale de recueil de données de Napping® appelée digit-tracking. Cette méthode permet d’observer le comportement du sujet au cours du temps par l’enregistrement du positionnement relatif des stimuli tout au long de la tâche et non plus seulement lors de l’étape finale. Enfin le dernier chapitre du manuscrit présente l’outil qui a été développé au cours de cette thèse et qui permet de recueillir des données de Napping® au cours du temps. Cet outil est une plateforme collaborative, appelée Holos, couplée à un logiciel de recueil de données sur tablette tactile, qui permet aux chercheurs de partager une partie ou l’ensemble de leurs résultats
The objective of this dissertation aims to bring the methodological reflection elements around the Napping® method. Chapter 1 provides the concept of Napping® via a description of its procedure and data format, as it was originally conceived by Jérôme Pagès (2005). This chapter also discussed the importance of taking into account the subject's behaviour during the task for a better understanding of the data collected and their analysis. Chapter 2 proposes a model of the subject's behaviour in which the number of stimuli is relatively high, a situation commonly encountered in practice. This model and its limitations lead to Chapter 3, where a new technique for collecting Napping® data, named digit-tracking, is presented.This new technique of data collection allows to observe the subject’s behaviour over time by recording the relative positioning of all stimuli throughout the task rather than solely her/his final configuration. Finally, Chapter 4 presents a tool devoted to collecting Napping® data over time. This tool is a collaborative platform that works together with an android application for collecting data on tactile tablet devices – Holos environment, which enables researchers to share totally or partially their study resources

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Simon, Florent. "Proposition d’une nouvelle méthode de cotation et contribution à la validation du CAT (Children’s Apperception Test) pour l’approche clinique du développement de l’enfant et de sa personnalité." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0165/document.

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L’objectif de ce travail de recherche est de concevoir une nouvelle méthode de cotation et d’interprétation de l’épreuve projective CAT (Children’s Apperception Test). Cette nouvelle méthode que nous avons appelé « méthode des trois axes » est fondée sur les connaissances et techniques des épreuves thématiques de la méthode projective francophone (Ecole de Paris). Elle est basée en partie sur les considérations théoriques de Roussillon (1995, 1997) concernant la métapsychologie projective des processus qui modélise le trajet psychique allant de la perception du stimulus de la planche à la verbalisation de la réponse projective (processus de symbolisation). Elle est constituée de 3 axes, 16 catégories de cotation et d’un total de 83 procédés de cotation. La méthode des trois axes a été appliquée à 500 protocoles d’enfants répartis en deux groupes distincts : un groupe d’enfants dit « tout-venant » rencontré en milieu scolaire (n=380) et un groupe d’enfants dit « consultant » rencontré en institution de soin (n=120). Les données ont été analysées selon une approche descriptive et une approche comparative basée sur trois groupes d’âge : 3 ans, 4-6 ans et 6-12 ans. Nous avons également réalisé une comparaison inter-juges portant sur la cotation avec la méthode actuellement utilisée (méthode de Boekholt) et la méthode des trois axes que nous proposons. A partir des résultats, nous proposons une théorie de la méthode CAT qui comporte trois parties : le dispositif de la passation, le manuel de cotation des procédés et le manuel d’interprétation des données qui comprendra des repères normatifs. Cette théorie de la méthode doit permettre aux psychologues cliniciens utilisateurs de cet outil d’évaluer plus précisément le fonctionnement psychique de l’enfant
The aim of this research is to develop a new method of rating and interpreting the Children’s Apperception Test (CAT). This new method wich we have called “la méthode des trois axes” is built on techniques from the academic “Ecole de Paris” for projective methods. It is based in part on the theory of Roussillon (1995, 1997) concerning the projective metapsychology of processes which describes the psychic path from the perception of the stimulus of the plate to the verbalization of the response. This grid is built with 3 axis of description, including 16 categories of rating and 83 items used to rate the responses in application to the ten plates of CAT. “La méthode des trois axes” was applied to 500 children in two groups : a group of “all-comers” met in school (n=380) and a group of patients in care institution (n=120). The data was analyzed using a descriptive approach based on three age groups : 3 years old, 4-6 years old and 6-12 years old. We also performed the assessment of inter-rater reliability on the rating with the method curently used (Boekholt’s method) and “la méthode des 3 axes” that we propose. On the basis of the results, we propose a theory of the CAT method, which consists of three parts: the test administration, the process rating manual and the interpretation manual which include normative references. This method will enable clinicians psychologists who use this tool to more accurately assess the psychic functioning of the child

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Horta, José Mário Marques dos Santos. "Pesquisa de modalidades de expressão da imagem de corpo e da representação de si na prova projectiva de Zulliger e contribuições à definição de valores normativos." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/592.

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Lima, Ricardo Alves. "O Teste do Desenho do Casal no diagnóstico da satisfação conjugal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-15022011-101129/.

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O casamento e a satisfação conjugal são aspectos importantes do desenvolvimento humano, que têm despertado o interesse de muitos pesquisadores no campo da Psicologia, principalmente na área Clínica e da Avaliação Psicológica. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal desenvolver um novo instrumento para a avaliação da satisfação conjugal, o Teste do Desenho do Casal (TDC) e estabelecer possíveis indicadores gráficos e dinâmicos para esse propósito. Assim pretendeu-se verificar por meio do TDC se existem diferenças relativas à satisfação conjugal entre pessoas com e sem filho(s) e entre homens e mulheres da cidade de São Paulo. Participaram da pesquisa 201 sujeitos, 100 homens e 101 mulheres, divididos igualmente em grupos com e sem filhos. Todos eram casados pela primeira vez por um período entre um e dez anos completos, não estavam em situação de gravidez e possuíam, no mínimo, ensino médio incompleto. A coleta de dados foi realizada individualmente. Os instrumentos foram: material gráfico para a aplicação do TDC; Formulário Complementar de Satisfação Conjugal (elaborado especialmente para esse estudo); Escala de Satisfação Conjugal (ESC); Marital Adjustement Test, adaptado à realidade brasileira (MAT-MARI) e gravador. Após a avaliação das ESCs e dos MAT-MARIs foram excluídos 27 sujeitos da amostra de análise, pois se enquadravam numa faixa neutra de avaliação da satisfação conjugal. A amostra final foi constituída de 174 sujeitos, metade de cada sexo. Os desenhos foram avaliados por sete juízes, com experiência na avaliação de técnicas projetivas gráficas. Os principais resultados em relação ao TDC foram: coeficientes de precisão acima de 0,600 na avaliação da maioria dos juízes em 28 dos 38 itens propostos; os itens de impacto da estória e impacto da avaliação global apresentaram validade para avaliação 4 da satisfação conjugal; sete itens foram considerados esperados, com freqüência >85% nos desenhos; foram identificados dez itens como indicadores de insatisfação conjugal; foi estabelecido um número mínimo de indicadores para o diagnóstico de insatisfação conjugal. Quanto às principais diferenças relativas à satisfação conjugal entre homens e mulheres, com e sem filhos, foram encontrados: 14 aspectos que diferenciaram significativamente as respostas de pessoas satisfeitas e insatisfeitas conjugalmente (p_0,02), bem como foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres em relação aos aspectos que consideram importantes para a satisfação conjugal. Concluiu-se que o TDC e os dados complementares obtidos podem auxiliar profissionais na clínica de família e casais, tanto no diagnóstico da insatisfação conjugal como na proposta de medidas preventivas ao bem estar no casamento. Entretanto, verificou-se também a necessidade de aprofundamento nos estudos da avaliação psicológica e da detecção de elementos relativos à vida conjugal no curso do desenvolvimento familiar, pois tais variáveis apresentam-se, ao longo do tempo, extremamente dinâmicas e multifacetadas.
Marriage and marital satisfaction are important aspects of human development, which have raised the interest of many researchers in Psychology, especially in the areas of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Assessment. The main objective of this study was to develop a new instrument for the evaluation of marital satisfaction, the Couple Drawing Test (CDT), as well as to establish possible graphic and dynamics indicators for that purpose. We intended to verify, through CDT, whether there were differences, concerning marital satisfaction, between individuals with and without children, and also between men and women in the city of Sao Paulo. An initial number of 201 subjects took part in the research, 100 men and 101 women, equally divided in groups of individuals with and without children. They had all been married for the first time, for a period of 1-10 years, without occurrence of pregnancy during research period, and possessed a minimum educational level of incomplete high school. Data was collected individually. The assessment instruments were: graphic material for the administration of the CDT; a Marital Satisfaction complementary assessment form (especially developed for this study); Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS); Marital Adjustment Test adapted to Brazilian context (MAT-MARI); and voice recorder. After the evaluation of the MSSs and MAT-MARIs, 27 subjects were excluded from the sample analysis because they fell in a neutral range of the marital satisfaction indicators. The final sample had 174 subjects, half of each sex. The drawings were evaluated by seven judges who were psychologists with expertise in the evaluation of projective graphic techniques. The main results concerning the CDT were: reliability coefficients higher than 0,600 in the evaluation of the majority of judges in 28 out of the 38 proposed items; the items story impact and global evaluation impact showed appropriate validity for the evaluation of marital satisfaction; seven items were considered expected, with a >85% frequency on drawings; ten items were identified as indicators of marital dissatisfaction; a minimum number of indicators was established for the diagnosis of marital dissatisfaction. Concerning the main differences in marital satisfaction for men and women, with and without children, the findings were that 14 aspects significantly distinguished the answers of maritally satisfied and dissatisfied individuals (p_0,02) and significant differences were found between men and women with regard to the issues 6 considered important for the marital satisfaction. The conclusion was that the CDT and the complementary data obtained might assist professionals in their clinical work with families and couples, not only in the diagnosis of marital dissatisfaction, but also in the suggestion of preventive actions regarding the marriage welfare. Nevertheless, we emphasize the need of further studies on psychological evaluation and identification of elements concerning marital life in the course of family development, once the variables researched proved to be, over time, extremely dynamic and multifaceted.

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Brink, André. "The relationship between three anxiety related clusters in projective drawings and anxiety and ego-strength scales of the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002451.

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Based on the shortcomings of past research, the need for understanding and investigation of the general relationship between self-report measures and human figure drawings required understanding and investigation (Riethmiller & Handler, 1997b; Waehler, 1997) while utilising a quantitative, configural scoring approach. Riethmiller and Handler (1997a; 1997b) hypothesised that subjects have one of two typical approach styles to anxiety/stress that influences their execution of the Human Figure Drawing (HFD) Test: “Avoidance” or “Coping” as measured by composite scoring index clusters. They argue that these two approach styles had to be taken into account when investigating anxiety on the HFD Test. According to Handler and Reyher (1965) those who experience more intense anxiety typically rely on an “Avoidant” approach, while those with lower anxiety typically rely on a “Coping” approach. The “Coping” response is hypothesised to suggest good ego-strength, and the “Avoidant” response poor ego-strength. Handler and Reyher (1964; 1965; 1966) also argued that there are two sources of anxiety on projective drawings: internal and external sources of anxiety. They hypothesised that the “External” anxiety cluster (measured by utilising the car drawing) and self-report measures both assess ‘external’ anxiety. Using Handler’s (1967) HFD index scoring manual, this research therefore inve stigated the level of correlation of the two MMPI-2 anxiety scale scores with (a) the hypothesised Stress Approach HFD cluster scores, as well as with (b) the “External” anxiety cluster score, while the hypothesised Stress Approach HFD cluster scores were compared with the (c) MMPI-2 ego strength scale score. The results of the investigated relationships yielded non-significant correlations overall. The differences in nature of the two measurement instruments, and the potential weaknesses of this study, as two likely explanations for these correlations, are discussed. In the consideration of the differences of the two measurement instruments, the weaknesses of SR measures and criterion-related validity are discussed while self- attributed and implicit motives are contrasted with each other. Potential extraneous variables and possible truncated range are discussed as potential weaknesses of this study.

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Perelman, Olga. "Dynamique psychique paternelle dans la situation échographique : approche clinique et projective de la paternité durant la grossesse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB101.

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Ce travail de recherche propose d'explorer les processus psychiques à l’œuvre chez les hommes devenant pères pour la première fois lors des échographies obstétricales de la grossesse. La thèse croise ainsi la question de la construction de la paternité durant la grossesse avec celle des mouvements intrapsychiques issus de la situation échographique. Devant les techniques d'imagerie médicales actuelles qui jalonnent les consultations anténatales de la grossesse et auxquelles les hommes participent régulièrement, l'expérience de recherches précédentes et d'apports théorico-cliniques nous invite à envisager le cas singulier de l'examen échographique obstétrical comme un axe pertinent à interroger. En effet, la situation échographique est particulière du fait de la condensation des dimensions médicales et psychiques, projectives et fantasmatiques. En outre, au cours de la grossesse, la réactualisation de l'histoire individuelle et des enjeux qui l'accompagnent, notamment du côté de la reviviscence de la sexualité infantile et des processus identificatoires et narcissiques, ont leurs spécificités cliniques du côté de l'homme qui devient père. Les conflictualités archaïques et œdipiennes, qui concernent notamment la mise au travail des mouvements d'ambivalence de pulsions libidinale et agressive, sont rejouées au moment de la transition à la paternité. Réarticuler ces éléments conscients et inconscients durant la grossesse s'inscrit comme une crise narcissique pour le devenant père compte tenu du rappel du complexe de castration et de la blessure narcissique issue de la différenciation sexuelle. À partir de ces apports théoriques, la question de la potentielle rivalité et de l'élaboration de l'agressivité qui l'accompagne, est un point central de notre étude. Elle est doublement traitée chez l'homme devenant père durant la grossesse : d'une part sur son versant œdipien, au regard des enjeux de place, de perte d'amour de l'objet maternel face à ce rival représenté par l'enfant à naître. D'autre part, sur son versant plus archaïque, la rivalité est envisagée davantage en lien à une imago maternelle procréatrice et aux fantasmes d'envie et de possession des contenus maternels. La problématique de cette étude est la suivante : durant la grossesse, chez les hommes devenant pères pour la première fois, comment s'expriment les mouvements d'agressivité et le conflit ambivalentiel ? en quoi les représentations de la situation échographique s'articulent-elles au traitement de ces mouvements d'agressivité ? La population est constituée de 9 primi-pères, recrutée dans un centre de santé parisien. Des entretiens individuels semi-structurés ont été menés auprès des hommes à chaque échographie de la grossesse. Ils devaient réaliser un dessin de ce qu'ils avaient vu à l'image échographique. Enfin, la passation d'épreuves projectives (Rorschach et TAT) a eu lieu au sixième mois de grossesse. Au vu de nos résultats, nous soulignons d'abord l'efflorescence fantasmatique de la situation échographique. Nous confirmons que cette situation est un révélateur des mouvements psychiques à l’œuvre durant la grossesse et notamment de l'ambivalence pulsionnelle. Il apparaît que la période du devenir père condense une reviviscence des complexes œdipien et fraternel à à laquelle la situation échographique s'ajoute comme cadre contenant ou effractant. Parallèlement, nos résultats concluent que l'émergence de l'agressivité est davantage signe d'un destin élaboratif de la fonction paternelle. La reconnaissance de la différenciation sexuelle entre le père et sa compagne est mise en avant comme facteur d'élaboration de l'agressivité. Deux versants à la remise au travail de la bisexualité psychique et au traitement de la régression développementale psychosexuelle ont été retrouvés. Ils s'articulent aux variations des rivalités
This research project aims to explore the psychic processes at work in men who become fathers for the first time during obstetric ultrasounds of pregnancy. The thesis thus crosses the question of the construction of paternity during pregnancy with the intrapsychic movements resulting from the ultrasound situation. Faced with the current medical imaging techniques that punctuate antenatal consultations and in which men regularly participate, the experience of previous research and theoretical-clinical contributions invites us to consider the unique case of obstetrical ultrasound examination as a relevant axis to investigate. Indeed, the ultrasound is a particular situation because of the condensation of medical and psychic dimensions, projective and fantasy. In addition, during pregnancy, future fathers go through an updating of their first identificatory processes such as infantile sexuality, identification and narcissistic processes. The archaic and Oedipal conflictualities which concern ambivalent movements of libidinal and aggressive impulses, are replayed at the time of the transition to paternity. It is a narcissistic crisis because of the re-articulation of these conscious and unconscious elements during pregnancy for the becoming father, given the reminder of the castration complex and the narcissistic injury resulting from sexual differentiation. From these theoretical contributions, the question of the potential rivalry and the development of aggressiveness that accompanies it, is a central point of our study. This doubly processed question shows up in men becoming fathers, during pregnancy. On the one hand, on its Oedipal side, considering the issues of place and the loss of love of the maternal object toward this rival represented by the child to born. On the other hand, on its more archaic side, the rivalry is considered more in connection with a procreative maternal imago and fantasies of envy and possession of maternal contents. The study problematic is the following: during pregnancy, among men becoming fathers for the first time, how are the movements of aggressiveness and ambivalence conflict expressed? How do the representations of the ultrasound situation relate to the treatment of these aggressiveness movements? 9 French men expecting a first child were included, from a health center in Paris. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with fathers at each ultrasound of the pregnancy. They had to make a drawing of what they saw on the ultrasound image. They also had to fill in self-questionnaires at each time of the research. Finally, the assessment of projective tests (Rorschach and TAT) took place in the sixth month of pregnancy. In the light of our results, we first underline the fantastical efflorescence of the ultrasound situation. We confirm that this situation is a revealer of the psychic movements at work during pregnancy and in particular of instinctual ambivalence. It appears that the period of becoming a father condenses a revival of the Oedipal and fraternal complexes to which the ultrasound situation is added as a containing or disruptive setting. At the same time, our findings conclude that the emergence of aggressiveness is more a sign of an elaborate fate of paternal function. The recognition of sexual differentiation between the father and his partner is put forward as a factor in the development of aggressiveness. We found two sides to the handing over of psychic bisexuality and the treatment of psychosexual developmental regression. They are structured around variations of rivalries

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13

Lintanff, Marion. "Etude du fonctionnement psychique de jeunes femmes en demande de changement de sexe : approche psychanalytique et projective." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05H124.

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Roustant, Jean-Philippe. "Psychopathologie du regard et de l'acte dans la clinique du sujet incarcéré." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30013/document.

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L’approche de la problématique des agirs via les tests projectifs en se penchant sur l’expression des défaillances narcissiques du sujet, propose, le plus souvent, une vision unitaire basée sur le mécanisme du recours à l’acte tel que définit par Balier. Nous proposerons de traiter cette question à partir d’une dimension plurielle différenciant deux types d’agirs : le recours à l’acte (Balier) et l’acting-out (Lacan). Nous présenterons une étude mixte, quantitative et qualitative, à partir de la comparaison de Rorschach et TAT administrés à 24 sujets. Notre analyse de ces deux formes d’agir portera principalement sur la capacité du sujet à pouvoir ou non se différencier de l’environnement. Le groupe recours à l’acte se caractérise par une continuité intérieur / extérieur et un transitivisme morbide expression d’une absence de constitution d’un soi différencié. Le groupe acting-out présente une problématique narcissique spécifique dans la validation du spéculaire par le symbolique. Les prises en charges thérapeutiques peuvent ainsi s’aider de ces résultats pour proposer des approches différentielles au sein desquelles les tests projectifs pourraient avoir une fonction pré-thérapeutique
In the modern societies, the answer to the criminal act is a prison sentence. Due to the nature of certain acts, with this prison sentence, some court-ordered treatments (COT) (obligations and injunctions of treatments) have been added. Ethically, this law request and its social asking don’t exempt to think about the prisoner ‘asking, which is the trigger of psychotherapies. There is any retroactivity of the law and of pronounced sentence. For this research, the prisoners were selected on their own asking of care (the court-ordered treatments couldn’t applicate). The asking of the prisoners is therefore a criterion common to them (these prisoners). In this context, the acts have distinguished according to the mechanisms which have governed the nature of the act: recourse of act or acting out. Many experts agree on the existence of premature narcissistic failures. However, discussions persist on the nature of the act and on its aspect, either single dimension or multiple and complex dimensions (objective behavior, social consequences and underlying mechanisms ...). Yet all these theoretical models on narcissistic failures lean on the “recourse to act” as if there was only a simple nature to act

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Peyrat-Apicella, Delphine. "Cancer et fin de vie : la question du sens : représentations de la maladie et fonction des théories étiologiques profanes." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100116/document.

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À partir de la distinction opérée par G. Canguilhem (1966) entre la maladie du malade et celle du médecin, nous avons considéré les récits, constructions personnelles et représentations des patients relatifs à leur maladie cancéreuse et coexistants avec les théories scientifiques médicales. Ces éléments représentent un travail psychique d’élaboration qui peut donner naissance à un « roman de la maladie » (Gori, Del Volgo & Poinso, 1994). Cette quête de sens, que nous considérons comme un fondamental de l'existence, peut être mise à mal lorsque l’événement-maladie fait trauma pour le psychisme du patient, entravant alors l'historicisation de son vécu. Mais quid de cette quête à l'approche de la fin de vie ? Comment envisager et donner un sens à l'innommable, l'irreprésentable de sa propre mort (Freud, 1915)? Notre recherche vise à explorer l’évolution des processus d’élaboration en lien avec une mise en sens de l’événement-maladie, des représentations du cancer et de la mort et des processus défensifs mis à l’œuvre pour faire face à ce vécu effractant, entre deux groupes de patients, respectivement en phases curative et palliative de leurs traitements. Une première partie quantitative de notre travail a pour but d’objectiver sur le plan statistique, à l’aide d’outils psychométriques (IPQ-R et DSQ-40), des différences entre les deux groupes (composés de quarante-cinq patients chacun). La seconde partie, qualitative, consiste en une étude clinique et projective (Rorschach et T.A.T.), à partir de la rencontre avec dix patients (cinq de chaque groupe), des processus psychiques à l’œuvre face à la maladie somatique grave et à sa potentielle évolution létale. Notre questionnement touche ainsi à l'étude du « roman de la maladie » après le diagnostic et éventuellement au moment de l'approche de la fin de vie. La maladie grave peut sidérer l'appareil psychique et faire trauma dans certains cas, laissant dans certains autres des possibilités d'élaboration, malgré les représentations de cette pathologie associées socialement à la mort. Mais qu'en est-il lorsque la mort n'est plus affaire de représentation et prend valeur de réalité inéluctable (au sens d'une impossibilité de maintenir cette réalité inconsciente) ?
Starting with the distinction made by G. Canguilhem (1966) between the illness of the patient and the illness of the medical doctor, we have considered the narratives, patients’ personal constructions and representations regarding their cancer, co-existing with the medical and scientific theory. These elements are a psychical work of elaboration that can give birth to “a novel of the illness” (Gori, Del Volgo & Poinso, 1994). This quest for meaning, which we consider fundamental to any existence, can be tested when the illness-event creates a trauma in the psyche of the patient, hindering the elaboration of its history. What about this quest as the end of life approaches? The inconceivable of one’s own death (Freud, 1915) ?Our research explores the evolution of the elaborative processes linked to the quest of meaning of the illness-event, of the representations of cancer, of death and the defenses in place to deal with this frightening experience, comparing two groups of patients, respectively in curative and palliative phases of their treatment. Firstly, a quantitative part of our work is objectified statistically with psychometric tools (IPQ-R and DSQ-40), showing differences between the two groups (each group containing 45 patients). The second part is qualitative with clinical and projective data (Rorschach and T.A.T.) issued from 10 patients (5 of each group), showing the psychical processes of patients facing severe somatic illness and its potential lethal evolution. Our research investigates the “novel of the illness” after diagnosis and at the eventual approach of the end of life. Severe illness can freeze the psyche and be traumatic at times, leaving in certain cases elaborative capabilities, despite the social representation of the pathology associated with death. But what when death is no longer a matter of representation and becomes an undeniable fact (when it is impossible of maintaining this reality unconscious) ?

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Kwan, Tinna. "Psychometric properties of the Draw-A-Person Test." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277147.

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This study examined the psychometric properties for the Draw-A-Person (DAP) test (Naglieri, 1988). Data were collected from 191 children following the accepted procedure from an earlier study (Badger & Jones, 1988). Drawings were scored using both Harris' (1963) and Naglieri's (1988) scoring systems following the procedures outlined in the manuals. Basically, the DAP test demonstrated reliable and valid properties. The Naglieri's (1988) scoring system was favored in this study because it demonstrated more consistent internal consistency, higher inter- and intra-rater reliability and satisfactory construct validity. Positive and moderate high correlations with the scores obtained from Goodenough-Harris's scoring systems supported that the Naglieri's version measured the same concept as the old system. Psychometric properties of the DAP test support use in clinical and research settings to gather data from children about their general abilities.

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Bazire, Anaelle. "Toxicomanie et materneité : qualité du processus de maternalité chez la femme toxicomane." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC029/document.

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La maternité des femmes dépendantes aux substances psychoactives est aujourd'hui une question de santé publique. Notre recherche porte sur la prédictivité potentielle des remaniements psychiques observés pendant la grossesse de femmes toxicomanes sur la qualité du processus de maternalité et l'investissement de l'enfant. Elle correspond ainsi à une étude clinique et projective psychodynamique de l’évolution du fonctionnement psychique et des représentations liées à l’enfant de la femme toxicomane et/ou substituée devenant mère. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuyons sur l’analyse d’entretiens semi-directifs et de tests projectifs de femmes consommatrices d’opiacés et/ou sous traitement de substitution aux opiacés et de femmes non toxicomanes, entre le dernier trimestre de grossesse et les un an de l’enfant. Un second versant de cette étude propose un état des lieux des modalités d’accompagnement des femmes enceintes et mères consommatrices de drogues illicites sur le territoire Ouest-Normand ainsi qu’un projet d’accompagnement spécifique et pluridisciplinaire de cette population, élaboré au sein d’un CSAPA (Centre de Soins, d’Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie)
Motherhood among women addicted to psychoactive substances is a public health concern. Our research concerns the predictive potential of the psychic reorganizations observed during pregnancy on the quality of motherhood process and of investment of the child. It is thus a psychodynamic clinical and projective study of the evolution of the psychic functioning and the representations bound to the child of drug addict woman and/or woman receiving opiate substitution treatments becoming a mother. In order to do this, we rely on the analysis of semi-directive interviews and projective tests of women opiate users and\or women receiving opiate substitution treatments and of non-addicted women, between the last quarter of pregnancy and on one year old of the child. A second part of this study proposes a state of play of welfare measures for pregnant addicted women and addicted mothers on West-Norman territory. It also proposes a project of specific and multidisciplinary accompaniment of this population which is developed within a CSAPA (Center of addiction care, support and prevention)

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Dias, Maria Paula Benevides. "O(s) eu(s) outro(s), ... de quem a quem ... a quem de quem ... do eu - outro ao outro eu: Estudo das características e das funções da identificação projectiva em pré-adolescentes e em adolescentes no e pelo Rorschach." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/488.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e Psicopatologia
Este trabalho esboçou-se a partir da curiosidade e vontade de aprofundar o conceito de identificação projectiva. Explorar as suas diferentes e diversas conceptualizações e perceber como e de forma um sujeito utiliza a identificação projectiva, sabendo a priori que este mecanismo apresenta um carácter patológico e um carácter empático, podendo-se contudo inter-cruzar entre si, pelo especificar das combinações que assentam nas noções de relação Eu <-> Outro, Continente <-> Conteúdo, 3° Intersubjectivo, Eu/Terceiro/Outro, O nosso objectivo, neste trabalho, inscreveu-se no estudo das características e funções da identificação projectiva em pré-adolescentes e em adolescentes no e pelo Rorschach. Foi portanto uma tentativa de aproximação ao conhecimento, a partir da inter-relação entre identificação projectiva, processo adolescente entendido como processo de re-significação e re-simbolização, processo de transformação de um Corpo, de um Outro, e Rorschach enquanto situação projectiva, enquanto processo-resposta Rorschach. A partir deste continente partimos à busca de conteúdos e contextos nos quais fossem visíveis o uso da identificação projectiva, quer nos pré-adolescentes quer nos adolescentes, o para quê do seu uso, como e quando, questão que se assemelha a uma outra e que pode e é inscrita neste trabalho, pelo envio à sua aplicabilidade à dúvida e ao esclarecimento que o saber de e com um Outro pode trazer à questão: como e de que são feitas as possibilidades de crescimento, evolução, adaptação de um sujeito. A forma de proceder a este estudo obedeceu à transposição de três definições de identificação projectiva, que de certa forma acompanharam todo este trabalho - e que encontraram significação nos pressupostos, já mencionados, os quais surgem do Método Rorschach -, a partir de um entre: entre a noção de identificação projectiva que se inscreve na situação intersubjectiva e no processo - resposta Rorschach, a partir das noções de ligação e relação. Desta forma, os sujeitos pré-adolesecentes e adolescentes foram estudados a partir do uso que fazem do mecanismo de identificação projectiva, na dimensão - corpo e na dimensão -outro. Dos resultados de uma discussão sobre a análise e interpretação de 4 protocolos Rorschach, salientamos um uso de identificação projectiva ora excessivo ora empático, quer quando os sujeitos se aproximam de uma intersubjectividade, na qual a troca entre receptores e projectores assume a própria característica de identificação projectiva que a distingue e a descreve como mecanismo: a fusão e o envolvimento, sem que o caminho para a significação e a simbolização seja encontrado. Um Corpo é - o numa identidade em construção nos pré-adolescentes e uma subjectividade a assegurar e manter num entre, limite, passado e futuro, nos adolescentes. Um Outro é-o como continente, na pré-adolescência, e entre o feminino e o masculino, a especificar no tempo no segundo, a co-ordenar na primeira com vista ao futuro. É - o como continente, no adolescente, a significar de uma identidade subjectiva ainda na não contenção de um corpo genitalizado, na adolescente, a significar uma identidade subjectiva que assuma na identificação sexual, uma relação com um Outro diferente. E, nesta adolescente, a (em) plena transformação desse mesmo Outro, também visível pela possibilidade e ainda no uso da identificação projectiva, na construção da função de contenção que sustente precisamente a fusão e o envolvimento de uma relação intersubjectiva, de uma intersubjectividade, no uso da identificação projectiva como deslocamento (de uma tridimensionalidade psíquica na empatia, na relação Eu <-> Outro). Pensamos que a identificação projectiva poderá, pelo e no Rorschach, esboçar as características quer do continente, quer do conteúdo, quer de um novo objecto criado (eu/terceiro/outro) a partir da reflexão e captação dos seus momentos e movimentos. Dos momentos e movimentos pelos quais um adolescente atravessa num caminho entre O(s) Eu (s), presente, e O (s) Outros passado e futuro, pela dispersão, De Quem a Quem, à integração, a Quem de Quem, Do Eu/Outro , numa espécie de invisibilidade, sendo e não sendo Outro, até a um Outro Eu, na recriação de si, recriação de um Outro, recriação da relação Eu <-> Outro.

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Inacio, Marlene. "Aspectos psicossociais e sexuais de pacientes com distúrbios do desenvolvimento sexual a longo prazo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-26052011-122613/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: Os pacientes com distúrbios do desenvolvimento sexual (DDS) constituem um desafio para os profissionais que se empenham no seu tratamento e acompanhamento. São raros os estudos na área psicológica com acompanhamento destes pacientes a longo prazo. Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os aspectos psicossociais e sexuais em relação ao diagnóstico etiológico, avaliar a influência de diversas variáveis na manutenção ou mudança da identidade de gênero nos pacientes que atingiram a idade adulta e a qualidade de vida numa grande coorte de pacientes com DDS 46,XY e 46,XX acompanhados em um mesmo serviço a longo prazo. MÉTODOS: O estudo teve caráter principalmente retrospectivo e foi realizado em pacientes com DDS de ambos os sexos acompanhados até o período pós-puberal ou idade adulta, num total de 151 pacientes maiores de 15 anos; destes, 55 pacientes apresentavam cariótipo 46,XX e 96 cariótipo 46,XY, tendo sido incluído neste ultimo grupo 6 pacientes que apresentavam cariótipo 46,XY em mosaicismo com a linhagem 45,X. O diagnóstico etiológico do DDS foi estabelecido pela avaliação clínica, citogenética, hormonal e por imagem em todos os casos e na maioria deles complementada pelo diagnóstico molecular. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a tratamento clinico, psicológico e cirúrgico. Os instrumentos utilizados para a avaliação psicológica foram: a entrevista semi-estruturada com aplicação de um questionário específico com 192 questões, desenvolvido para avaliar os aspectos sociais, profissionais e sexuais, o teste projetivo do HTP para auxiliar na identificação da identidade de gênero e o questionário Whoqol-Bref para avaliar a qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: A atribuição do sexo social feminino foi predominante em ambos os grupos com DDS. Houve mudança do sexo social em 20% dos pacientes com DDS 46,XY e em 14% dos pacientes com DDS 46,XX. Houve associação significativa da mudança para o gênero masculino nos pacientes do grupo DDS 46,XY por deficiência de 5-redutase 2 quando comparados ao grupo de pacientes com DDS 46,XY por deficiência da produção ou ação da testosterona. Foi encontrada uma maior frequencia de pacientes com orientação homo ou bissexual nas pacientes com sexo social feminino com maior prevalência em pacientes com hiperplasia adrenal virilizante. Nas pacientes com DDS 46,XX por deficiência da 21 hidroxilase não houve influência do número de repetições CAG nos estádios de Prader e na mudança da identidade de gênero. Observamos disforia de gênero em 8 pacientes com DDS 46,XX por deficiência da 21 hidroxilase, sendo que 5 deles mudaram para o sexo social masculino. Todos haviam sido tratados de maneira irregular, apresentaram virilização importante e provinham de famílias de baixa renda, indicando o papel da exposição dos andrógenos e do meio ambiente sobre a identidade de gênero. Três variáveis na análise univariada foram significativamente associadas com a mudança de sexo social para o masculino nos pacientes com DDS 46,XY e DDS 46,XX: brincadeiras masculinas ou neutras na infância, tarefas domiciliares tipicamente masculinas e auto-percepção da aparência física como masculina ou ambígua na infância. Houve associação significativa entre os aspectos da identidade de gênero inicial e o sexo social final no teste do HTP, mostrando ser este um instrumento útil para avaliação dos pacientes com DDS. A qualidade de vida, avaliada pelo teste Whoqol Bref, das pacientes com sexo social feminino foi melhor nas pacientes com DDS 46,XX em comparação com as pacientes com DDS 46,XY. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes com DDS 46,XY registrados no sexo social feminino que mudaram para o sexo social masculino, foi semelhante a daqueles registrados no sexo social masculino. Por outro lado, os pacientes com sexo social final masculino tiveram melhor qualidade de vida quando comparados aos pacientes com sexo social final feminino. O diagnóstico etiológico não teve influência sobre o grau de satisfação pessoal, atribuição do sexo e relacionamento amoroso. CONCLUSÃO: A atribuição do sexo social feminino foi predominante em ambos os grupos. A variável brincadeiras masculinas ou neutras na infância teve valor preditivo para a mudança de sexo social para o masculino nos pacientes com DDS 46,XY e 46,XX educados no sexo social feminino. O teste HTP foi útil na avaliação dos pacientes com DDS. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes 46,XY com sexo social final masculino foi melhor do que a dos pacientes com sexo social final feminino. A maioria dos pacientes referiu elevado índice de satisfação com o tratamento, mostrando a importância de uma equipe multidisciplinar no tratamento dos distúrbios do desenvolvimento sexual.
INTRODUCTION: Patients with disorders of sex development (DSD) constitute a challenge for professionals working in their treatment and follow-up. Studies of patients with DSD have been focused on dissatisfaction in adulthood with sex assigned at birth. However, other parameters, such as psychosocial adjustment, sexual function, psychological health, social integration and the quality of life are rarely described. This study aims to evaluate the professional and psychosocial aspects, in order to identify the variables involved in gender identity and sexual orientation of a large cohort of patients with DSD 46 XY and, 46, XX and also assess the quality of life of patients in adulthood. METHODS: The study was mainly retrospective and was conducted in patients with DSD of both sexes followed until puberty or adulthood, a total of 151 patients older than 15 years; of these, 55 patients had 46, XX karyotype and 96 of them 46,XY karyotype, having been included in the latter group 6 patients who had 46, XY karyotype in mosaicism with the 45, X lineage. Etiological diagnosis of DSD was established by clinical evaluation, cytogenetics, hormonal and image studies in all cases and most of them complemented by molecular diagnosis. All patients underwent surgical and psychological treatment. Instruments used for psychological evaluation were: a semi-structured interview with application of a specific questionnaire with 192 questions developed to assess the social, professional and sexual aspects. The projective HTP test was used to assess gender identity and the Whoqol-Bref questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life. RESULTS: The female social sex assignment was prevalent in both groups with DSD. A change of assigned sex was found in 20% of the 46, XY DSD patients and in 14% of the 46,XX DSD patients. There was a significant association between the change to male social sex with DSD 46, XY due to 5 alpha-RD2 deficiency when compared with DSD 46,XY group due to defects in testosterone secretion or action. A greater frequency of homo or bisexual orientation was found in the patients with female social sex with higher prevalence in patients with virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In these patients the number of CAG repeats and Prader stage did not influence sexual orientation. We observe gender dysphoria in 8 patients with 46, XX DSD due to 21- hydroxylase deficiency, and 5 of them have changed to the male social sex. All of these patients had been treated irregularly, showed significant virilization and derived from low-income families indicating the role of exposure of androgens and environment on gender identity. Three variables in univariate analysis were significantly associated with change to male social sex in patients with 46, XY DSD and 46, XX DSD educated on female social sex: male or neutral plays in childhood, typically masculine household tasks and self perception of physical appearance as male or ambiguous in childhood but the male or neutral toys in childhood presented the best predictive value of male gender identity in adulthood. There was significant association between aspects of initial gender identity and final gender social sex in HTP test, showing that this is a useful tool for evaluation of patients with DSD. The quality of life of patients with 46,XX DSD was similar to patients with 46, XY DSD however patients with male social sex showed better quality of life than those with female social sex. Similarly, the quality of life of patients with 46, XY DSD the female register social sex who had switched to the male sex social was similar to those assigned in sex male indicating a good social adaptation of patients to new social sex. However, among the patients with female social sex, those with 46,XY DDS showed lower quality of life than 46, XX DSD patients. Male patients with 46,XY DDS had better quality of life than the 46,XY DSD patients with female gender. DDS patients who underwent masculinizing surgery showed better quality of life than the group which underwent feminizing surgery and both groups with DDS showed lower quality of life of patients than patients who undergone to kidney transplantation. The etiological diagnosis had no influence on the assignment of sex and the degree of personal satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Patients with 46,XY and 46, XX DDS showed good social, professional and sexual integration at adulthood. The variable male or neutral plays in childhood had better predictive value of male gender identity in adulthood in patients with 46,X and 46,XX DDS reared in the female social sex. The HTP projective test was useful in the overall assessment of patients with DSD. The quality of life of the patients with male social was better than those with female social sex. Most DSD patients expressed high satisfaction with treatment, showing the importance of a multidisciplinary team in the treatment of the disorders of sex development.

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Delva, Marie. "Clinique des adolescents placés : répercussion des défaillances parentales vécues entre 0 à 20 ans et du placement sur le processus adolescent." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. https://bdr-parisnanterre-fr.faraway.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2020/2020PA100053/2020PA100053_Arch.pdf.

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La thèse explore le processus adolescent des enfants ayant vécu des traumatismes précoces. Elle a pour but d’observer si le vécu de carences affectives primaires engendre une défaillance dans la structuration et l’organisation psychique des adolescents malgré la mise en place d’un dispositif de protection de l’enfance. A partir d’une méthodologie qualitative croisant des entretiens non-directifs et des épreuves projectives (Rorschach et TAT), dix adolescents ont été rencontrés. Il est fait le constat de la mise en place de défenses drastiques venant entraver l’accès au monde interne et l’investissement de nouveaux objets. Les imagos parentaux prennent une place majeure au sein du moi venant empêcher le développement d’un self différencié. Le conflit psychique s’est tissé autour du rapport à l’objet, à défaut d’avoir pu se construire des objets internes suffisamment stable, les adolescents recherchent dans la réalité des objets pouvant leur apporter une réparation narcissique des carences affectives. Cependant, l’objet suscite des angoisses traumatiques d’envahissement et d’abandon et engendre des mouvements de mise à distance qui viennent saper toute possibilité de restauration interne
The thesis explores the adolescent process of children who have experienced early trauma. The aim is to observe whether the experience of primary emotional deficiencies leads to a failure in the structuring and psychological organisation of adolescents despite the implementation of a child protection system. Using a qualitative methodology combining non-directive interviews and projective tests (Rorschach and TAT), ten adolescents were interviewed. It was noted that drastic defences had been put in place, hindering access to the internal world and the investment of new objects. Parental imagos take a major place within the self, preventing the development of a differentiated self. The psychic conflict is woven around the relationship to the object, for lack of having been able to construct sufficiently stable internal objects, the teenagers seek in reality objects that can bring them a narcissistic repair of emotional deficiencies. However, the object provokes traumatic anxieties of invasion and abandonment and generates movements of distance that undermine any possibility of internal restoration

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Raguin, Odile. "Pour un Test projectif tactile à partir des planches de Rorschach en relief : de la Perception tactile à la Représentation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20057/document.

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La plupart des méthodes projectives (Didier ANZIEU, Catherine CHABERT, 1961) ont comme support de travail la vue. Le processus haptique est-il suffisamment discriminatif pour valider la fiabilité de ce test sous ce mode ? Un étalonnage différencié respecte-t-il la valeur donnée à ce test par H. Rorschach ? Le sujet, en perdant la vue, va devoir mobiliser ou trouver des nouvelles ressources physiques et psychiques pour devenir autonome et poursuivre sa vie. Tout en lui est effracté : sa construction narcissique, sa représentation du monde et son altérité dans le regard de l’autre. Le Rorschach permet d’aborder la richesse psychique d’un sujet. Il nous donne à voir les potentialités psychiques du sujet dans sa relation à lui-même et aux autres. Or, il fait appel à une activité visuelle qui organise un matériel informel. C’est une activité imageante qui fait passer du perceptif au projectif, du perçu au vécu…Le toucher, dans certaines situations, peut être un relais de perception, de projection et donner à voir les représentations du sujet. Cette recherche peut permettre d’envisager une autre manière d’étalonner ce test afin de pouvoir le quantifier, le qualifier en changeant par exemple l’item « couleur » par l’item texture…Dans cette étude, il nous faut vérifier que cela n’enlève pas la valeur que donnait H. Rorschach à ce test, à cet item mais au contraire l’ouvre à une autre dimension clinique, celle d’une clinique spécifique du sujet mal ou non-voyant. En respectant un protocole spécifique, une telle passation permettrait une médiation pour le sujet en situation de handicap visuel vers une « meilleure » ré-élaboration de son projet de vie. Par ailleurs, cette étude pourrait ouvrir d’autres approches sur le dessin en relief et permettre notamment à toute une partie de la population vieillissante d’utiliser cette modalité dans la vie quotidienne, pour de nouveaux repères
This research follows a study already begun in Master 1; it deals with the haptic process adapted to 3-dimensional Rorschach-plates. Is the haptic process sufficiently discriminating to validate the reliability of this test under this mode ? Does differentiated calibration respect the values given to this test by H. Rorschach ? After loss of sight, a subject is going to have to mobilize or find new physical and psychic resources to become autonomous and go on living. Everything in that person is broken: their narcissistic construction, their representation of the world and their differences in the eye of others. The Rorschach test allows us to approach a subject’s psychic wealth. It shows us the psychic potential of a subject in relation to himself and to others. Yet the Rorschach test calls on visual activity to organize an informal material. It is an activity based on images which leads one from the perceptive to the projective, from perceived to experienced. In certain situations, touch can be an intermediary for perception, for projection and can show how the subject is represented. Through this research, we can consider calibrating this test in another way in order to measure quantity and quality by changing “colour” for ‘texture’, for example. In this study, it is essential to verify that this does not remove the value given by H. Rorschach to this item in this test, but on the contrary opens it to other clinical dimensions, that specific of the blind or partially-sighted.Moreover, this study could open up new approaches to 3-dimensional drawings and allow a great part of the ageing population to use this method in daily life, to find new bearings. For instance, using certain textures to find one’s way around the flat by 3-dimensional pictograms

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Guillot, Mireille. "L'agitation comportementale des enfants à l'école : expression des procédés hors-jeu au Scéno-Test." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20039.

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Cette recherche concerne l’agitation comportementale de neuf enfants à l’école et utilise la médiation projective du Scéno-Test.En référence au concept de Moi-peau, la pratique clinique intersubjective des contenants de pensée dans l’institution fonde un regard sur la psychopathologie face à la Loi de février 2005 qui considère l’enfant agité comme handicapé. A l’intérieur de ces contenants en partie réducteurs sont analysés les trajets émotionnels des familles des enfants rencontrées, capables, à partir d’un groupe de professionnels au travail, de transformation psychique des dits contenants.En référence à la théorie des enveloppes psychiques, cette recherche propose, dans le cadre de l’examen psychologique, un dispositif consistant en la passation de 4 séances de Scéno-Test pour chaque enfant qui tient compte d’une pensée du "hors" significative de sa potentielle éjection de l’école.Dès lors, l’expression des procédés hors-jeu au Scéno-test relance par le moyen d’un jeu permis le psychisme de l’enfant.Au regard du concept de retournement, c’est la notion de fil projectif élaborée à partir d’une pensée du blanc du couvercle de jeu et la notion du négatif utilisée par le clinicien chercheur qui permettent de penser l’élaboration des réponses. Au sein d’enveloppes projectives, tel l’écran du rêve dans la dialectique de la veille et du sommeil, telle l’hallucination négative dans la dialectique de l’absence et de la présence, l’enfant reconstruit une scène d’origine traumatique.L’ensemble des données recueillies montre que l’enfant instable est en danger, même à l’école. Sa capacité au Scéno-Test à figurer, malgré les angoisses impensables, les secrets et/ou les dénis familiaux, lui permet de réaménager au sein de ces enveloppes projectives un espace interne suffisamment sécurisant pour être réinvesti.Ces premiers résultats permettent d’établir que le Scéno-Test, épreuve thématique, peut aussi être utilisé comme une épreuve structurale paradoxale
This research concerns the behavioral excitement of nine school children and uses the Scéno-Test projective mediation.In reference to the "Ego-skin" concept, the intersubjective clinical practice of thought containers in the institution a glance on the psychopathology in front of Act of February 2005 considering the restless child as an handicapped person. Inside these partially reducing containers are analyzed the emotional families axes encountered who, from a group of professionals in the work, can transform these containers.In reference to the psychic envelopes theory, this research proposes, as part of the psychological examination, a device consisting of the signing of 4 sessions of Scéno-Test for every child who takes into account a thought of "except" significant of his potential ejection of the school.From then on, the expression of the offside processes in Scéno-test stimulus by means of an allowed game helped the psyche of the child.Towards the concept of reversal, it’s the notion of thread projectif elaborated from a thought of the blank cover game and the notion of the negative used by the clinician researcher that allow to think of the elaboration of the answers. Within projectives envelopes, such as dream screen in the dialectic of waking and sleep, such as the negative hallucination in the dialectic of the absence and the presence, the child reconstructs a scene of traumatic origin.The overall results show that unstable child is in danger, even at school. Its ability to appear and represent capacity in Scéno-Test, despite the unthinkable fears and the family secrets and/or denials, allows him to reorganize within these projectives envelopes an internal space enough reassuring to be reinvested

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Chaume, Aurélie. "L'activité narrative d'enfants de 6 ans tout-venants et suivis par le R.A.S.E.D. pour troubles du comportement au travers des tests ASCT et TAT." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL020.

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Les études actuelles mettent en avant les liens entre les plans comportementaux et les plans représentationnels ; si le comportement est révélateur de la complexité et de la conflictualité psychique, le discours l’est aussi. Ainsi, par l’intermédiaire de l’activité narrative, cette recherche propose l’étude des représentations mentales, des préoccupations interpersonnelles d’enfants de 6 ans présentant des problèmes de comportements et d’enfants tout-venants. Le point de départ de cette exploration prend appui sur le postulat que l’activité narrative est un processus fondamental du fonctionnement psychique humain et que le contenu, la pauvreté ou la richesse de cette activité doivent être en lien avec la nature des comportements. Pour permettre l’évaluation de dimensions telles que les représentations de soi, de soi avec les autres, de préoccupations interpersonnelles…, nous avons fait appel à la théorie de l’attachement et à la théorie des relations d’objet. Ainsi, les tests projectifs TAT et ASCT ont été utilisés. Nos résultats exposent que chaque groupe possède des fonctionnements psychiques propres et que les liens existants entre les dimensions psychiques étudiées sont interdépendants. Mais également qu’une approche intégrative associant la théorie de l'attachement et la théorie psychanalytique des relations d’objet est possible et utile pour la compréhension des sujets qui ont un fonctionnement social pauvre. Basée sur ces résultats cette étude propose des pistes d’intervention qui visent à cibler davantage les prises en charge des enfants présentant des problèmes de comportement à l’école primaire, ce qui représente pas moins de quelques 200.000 enfants en France
Recent studies show a link between behavioural and physical indications; that is that, if behaviour shows complex and psychological conflict, then so will speech. This is why this study will examine the narratives of six-year-old children with behavioural problems (which will be followed up by RASED) in comparison with the speech of ordinary children. This study will confirm that the narrative is the fundamental process of the working psyche and its content, poor or good, must be connected to the nature of behaviour. Thus the theories of attachment and of object relations were examined. Certain aspects were looked at such as: the capacity to visualise, consistency of narratives, self-perception, representation of others including the representation of significant people (be it reassuring or not), as well as dominant interpersonal concerns. Projective studies, such as ASCT and TAT, were used and the results showed that each group possessed their own psychological function and that the existing links between these intra-psychological processes are inter-dependent. This study shows that an integrative approach to attachment theory and the theory of psychoanalytical connection with objects is both possible and useful. This is mainly to understand children brought up in socially poor surroundings. To sum up, the results of this study highlight how important it is to use narratives in order to pin point how to take charge of primary school children who exhibit behavioural problems

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Flyash, Boris, Steve Platovskiy, and Dominick Cantatore. "INSTRUMENTED BALLISTIC TEST PROJECTILE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605048.

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ITC/USA 2005 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2005 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
For years, ballisticians have been studying the phenomena associated with cannon launched projectiles. In particular, is the study of the pressure internal to the cannon and about the base of the projectile during cannon launch through muzzle exit. Pressure on the base is thought to be uniform and therefore hydrostatic, even though there are undulations in the magnitude of the pressure from the burning propellant. This paper studies various phenomena of the launching of 155-mm artillery projectiles with slip band obturators. Specifically, pressure gradients in and around the base and pressure along the body caused by obturator “blow-by” during the interior ballistic flight and muzzle exit. This study is accomplished by use of two different types of Instrumented Ballistic Test Projectiles (IBTP). The objective of tests performed was to successfully capture pressure and acceleration live data which will be used to characterize the localized base and body pressurization on a 155-mm artillery cannon launched projectile. The telemetry system used for these tests was the ARRT-124 telemetry system provided by the Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Center, specifically the Precision Munitions Instrumentation Division. The telemetry system used for the IBTP employs a traditional FM/FM technique for monitoring and transmitting a number of analog channels. Preliminary captured data indicated localized fluctuations in pressure that are not uniform over the base and the projectile body. Further studying of the data may provide insight into other projectile dynamics such as fin deployment, set forward accelerations at muzzle exit, and obturator performance.

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Silva, Maria Cecilia de Vilhena Moraes. "A compreensão da medida e a medida da compreensão: origens e transformações dos testes psicológicos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17403.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:32:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Cecilia de Vilhena Moraes Silva.pdf: 1246481 bytes, checksum: b36c2aeff72f55fcdd6467b0a7b3dc27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-16
Since they were created, psychological tests have been used in different contexts to support decisions that affect the life of many people. If they are to be used properly, it is critical to know both their underlying theoretical assumptions and their limitations. This thesis aims to bring to light such assumptions and to demonstrate that psychological tests , as a generic label, is not suited for the broad array of psychological assessment techniques available today. Based on the work of Pierre Bourdieu, who considers scientific knowledge as a social activity and the conformation of scientific fields as stemming from the configuration of the forces that conform it in a given historical period, this thesis investigates the trajectory of Alfred Binet and Francis Galton, two important actors of the psychological assessment field, considering the personal, social and historical context of their work, and the influence of their contributions to the subsequent conformation of this field. The differences between projective techniques and psychometrical tests are highlighted and the implications of considering both as psychological tests for the conformation of the psychological assessment field in Brazil, today, are discussed. A few issues regarding the education of qualified psychologists for the proper use of these techniques are also considered
Desde sua criação, os testes psicológicos têm sido usados em diferentes contextos, subsidiando decisões que afetam a vida de muitas pessoas. Seu uso adequado tem, como condição fundamental, o conhecimento de seus pressupostos teóricos e de suas limitações. O objetivo deste trabalho é explicitar tais pressupostos e demonstrar que o rótulo genérico testes psicológicos é inadequado para abrigar a diversidade de instrumentos do exame psicológico existentes. Com base em Pierre Bourdieu, considera-se o conhecimento científico como uma atividade social, sendo a conformação de um campo científico decorrente da configuração das forças que o compõem e de seus respectivos pesos em um dado momento histórico. Procura-se recuperar a trajetória de Alfred Binet e de Francis Galton, dois dos principais atores do campo do exame psicológico, abordando o contexto pessoal, social e histórico em que desenvolveram suas obras, e a influência de suas ideias na conformação posterior do campo. A partir disso, procura-se diferenciar técnicas projetivas e testes psicométricos, discutir as implicações de considerá-los sob o mesmo rótulo na conformação do campo do exame psicológico no Brasil de hoje e apontar aspectos importantes da formação do psicólogo para o uso adequado desses instrumentos

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Albano, Carla Alexandra Mourão. "O método Rorschach: Do adolescente ao risco, do risco ao adolescente." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/276.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicopatologia e Psicologia Clínica
Este trabalho de investigação dedicou-se especialmente ao apuramento dos processos psicológicos que insinuam o funcionamento intra- e inter- psíquico do sujeito adolescente por meio do Método Rorschach (objectivo geral), em função de um objectivo específico: a compreensão dos processos psicológicos implicados nas expressões do Risco no processo de desenvolvimento adolescente, nos protocolos Rorschach, tendo-se exigido, para o efeito, a reunião de um conjunto de procedimentos dotados de especificidade conceptual e metodológica. Motivo pelo qual se definiu o sujeito psicológico enquanto objecto de estudo, dada a sintonização com as lógicas relativas à Psicologia Clínica. Neste sentido, constituiu-se: 1. um Referencial Teórico, resenha conceptual de autores, centrados no Processo de Desenvolvimento Adolescente, salientando-se aqueles que maior solidez exprimiram, abrindo caminho à sua reunião, numa composição unificada e dinâmica, que congregou um Olhar significado sobre o processo de desenvolvimento adolescente, processo de criatividade, transformação e consolidação, no e para o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do sujeito; 2. um alargado Conceito de Risco, que foi explorado teórica e conceptualmente, desmistificando e correlacionando o risco com o processo de desenvolvimento adolescente, atestando a participação do risco na totalidade do Ser e do Fazer psicológico do adolescente; 3. um conjunto de nove Parâmetros de Risco, fundamentados nos organizadores do processo de desenvolvimento adolescente, previamente examinado, em complementaridade com o Risco, também antecedentemente estudado; 4. um Método dominante, o Método Rorschach, subjugado ao Modelo de Transformações (Bion) e a uma lógica de (re)ligação, (re)criação e (re)simbolização, que convergiram a teoria e a técnica, a par de procedimentos de análise e de significação específicos, utilizados no estudo dos processos psicológicos do adolescente e dos parâmetros de risco inerentes ao mesmo, expressos no protocolo Rorschach. Momento em que se procedeu à análise, discussão e síntese dos resultados obtidos nos dois protocolos Rorschach de adolescentes (um feminino - a Sofia, e outro masculino - o Nuno, candidatos à licença de condução de motociclos), os quais integraram esta tese. No final, apresentou-se um Olhar definido e normativo deste Processo de Processos Adolescente e uma Grelha de Análise dos Protocolos Rorschach dos Adolescentes, especializada na expressão dos Parâmetros de Risco inerentes ao funcionamento intra- e inter- psíquico do adolescente.

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Chaudhuri, Saraswata. "Projection-type score tests for subsets of parameters /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7423.

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Tomaszewski, Crystal. "Danse-thérapie dans la prise en charge psychothérapeutique de femmes victimes de violences sexuelles, issues d'un parcours migratoire : étude comparative longitudinale et évaluation thérapeutique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC012.

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Sur le plan international, aucun pays n’est épargné par la violence physique, psychique et sexuelle que les femmes subissent. Les violences sexuelles font partie des actes de violence qui détiennent le plus fort impact traumatique. Parfois, les facteurs systémiques et psychologiques ne permettent pas à aux femmes qui ont été victimes de violences sexuelles d’avoir accès aux soins psychologiques usuels. Cela rend nécessaire le développement de nouveaux dispositifs thérapeutiques, tels que les ateliers de danse comme thérapie (DcT) RECRÉATION, mis en place par l’association LOBA.Cette recherche en psychologie clinique évalue l’efficacité de ce dispositif. Elle se concentre sur l’étude des processus psychiques qui sont en lien avec le traumatisme, les violences sexuelles, les stratégies d’attachement individuelles, l’empowerment, les troubles à expression somatique et symptômes associés. Enfin, un intérêt particulier est porté au lien corps et psyché.Méthode : Ce projet de thèse comporte trois dimension de recherche. Les données quantitatives de l’essai clinique comparatif (n=2, N=26) ont été recueillie à l’aide d’auto-questionnaires et a pour objectif l’évaluation de la prise en charge assurée par le dispositif RECRÉATION. Les données qualitatives longitudinales ont été recueillies grâce à des entretiens de recherche auprès de N=3 participantes volontaires incluses dans la recherche mais non-participantes aux ateliers. Un dernier recueil des données a été réalisé avec des entretiens semi-directifs, menés auprès de professionnels hors LOBA (N=19) et de participantes aux ateliers RECREATION (N=15).Résultats : Les ateliers de danse comme thérapie RECRÉATION participent à réduire les symptômes d’anxiété, la détresse affective générale du sujet et les symptômes généraux de trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT), en particulier l’hyperactivité neurovégétative. Ils améliorent aussi la perception globale de soi, agissent sur la perception de la santé physique et amorcent une amélioration de la confiance et de la compréhension des autres.Les données longitudinales qualitatives ont mis en évidence des facteurs individuels facilitant ou entravant le processus thérapeutique (capacités de mentalisation, stratégies d’attachement et construction identitaire). Une approche psychodynamique et psychanalytique est essentielle pour repérer le négatif du trauma et préserver l’alliance thérapeutique.L’analyse thématique a démontré une grande acceptation et appréciation de la DcT parmi les pro et participantes, avec des effets bénéfiques notés en fonction des objectifs professionnels d’amélioration de chaque individu. Mis à part la diminution des symptômes de TSPT, les difficultés rencontrées par les participantes sont bien identifiées par les professionnelles.Discussion : Le positionnement intersectionnel et la psychothérapie institutionnelle sont essentiels à la prise en charge de notre population d’intérêt. De plus, l’amélioration du traumatisme psychique est largement explorée sous le prisme du TSPT. Une exploration psychodynamique et psychanalytique est bénéfique à l’orientation et à la prise en charge clinique des patients. Enfin, la danse thérapie est un outil thérapeutique qui peut non seulement enrichir l’offre de soin existante mais, aussi et surtout pour notre population d’intérêt, constituer une porte d’entrée vers la psychothérapie.Perspectives cliniques, pratiques et scientifiques : Pour soutenir le développement de la danse comme thérapie, les futurs travaux de recherche peuvent cibler les variables spécifiques aux populations et problématiques d’intérêt. Poursuivre les recherches existantes permettrait de consolider la pratique de la danse comme thérapie et d’argumenter plus justement en sa faveur. Enfin, il est nécessaire de soutenir et d’approfondir l’approche psychodynamique et psychanalytique dans la prise en charge du traumatisme, du trauma et du négatif du trauma
Nowadays, there is an international interest in challenging the psychological and sexual violence experienced by women. Victims of violence, and particularly women, are more likely to suffer from physical and mental health issues. They also face more sexual violences alongside its highly traumatic impact. When systemic and clinical factors do not let these women access the usual mental health care support, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches can be an efficient alternative. LOBA association has developed the “RECRÉATION program”, a dance as therapy workshop.This present research in clinical psychology evaluates the therapeutic effects of the RECRÉATION program. This research focuses on the processes related to trauma, sexual violence, individual attachment strategies, empowerment, somatically expressed disorders and its associated symptoms. Finally, a specific interest is also devoted to the connection between the mind and the body.Method: Three methods of research are associated. Quantitative data (n=2 groups, N=26) were collected through scientifically validated self-questionnaires (PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, body image, quality of life, social support, social relationships, symptoms of psychiatric pathologies, mentalization and attachment). Clinical interviews were conducted with N=3 women not receiving the RECREATION program. We also carried out clinical observations with four groups benefiting from the RECRÉATION program (n=4; N=40). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals (N=19) and the RECRÉATION participants (N=15). Data saturation was obtained.Results: The RECRÉATION dance therapy workshops contribute to reducing anxiety symptoms, general emotional distress, and general symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly neurovegetative hyperactivity. They also improve overall self-perception, influence the perception of physical health, and initiate improvements in trust and understanding of others.Longitudinal qualitative data highlighted individual factors that either facilitated or hindered the therapeutic process, such as mentalization capacities, attachment strategies, and identity construction. A psychodynamic and psychoanalytic approach is essential for identifying the negative aspects of trauma and maintaining the therapeutic alliance. Thematic analysis revealed a high level of acceptance and appreciation of dance therapy (DcT) among both professionals and participants, with beneficial effects noted in relation to specific support and therapeutic goals. Aside from the reduction in PTSD symptoms, professionals effectively identified the challenges faced by participants.Discussion: Intersectional positioning and institutional psychotherapy are essential for the management of our population of interest. Furthermore, the improvement of psychological trauma is extensively explored through the lens of PTSD. A psychodynamic and psychoanalytic exploration is beneficial for the orientation and clinical management of patients. Finally, dance therapy is a therapeutic tool which can not only enrich the existing care offerings but, especially for our population of interest, serve as an entry point into psychotherapy.Clinical, Practical, and Scientific Perspectives: To further the development of dance therapy, future research should focus on variables specific to the target populations and clinical issues of interest. Continuing existing research will strengthen the case for dance therapy and provide a more precise argument for its therapeutic efficacy. Finally, it is necessary to deepen and sustain the psychodynamic and psychoanalytic approach in the treatment of PTSD, trauma, and the negative aspects of trauma

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Fragoso, Susana Guerreiro da Cunha. "O amor, onde mora?: Uma abordagem psicossomática da vinculação amorosa na infertilidade." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/533.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia da Saúde
Esta investigação tem como objectivo o estudo da vinculação amorosa no casal infértil com causa biológica desconhecida. Os participantes serão seis - três casais, nos quais ambos os membros de cada casal se encontrem em período fértil, com diagnósticos actuais de infertilidade com causa biológica desconhecida. A recolha dos dados foi feita através da Entrevista Clínica, da TAS-20 (Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto), do TAT (Teste de Apercepção Temática), do "The Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Questionnaire — ECR-R", do "Inventário de Expectativas Conjugais", de uma Entrevista de Análise Qualitativa do Discurso e do Conteúdo (EAQDC), do Teste Projectivo de Rorschach e de situações de Role Play. A amostra foi recolhida no Hospital do Espírito Santo em Évora. Através da análise detalhada do caso. pretende-se identificar particularidades relacionais na vivência dos laços amorosos nos casais com esta problemática.

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Yau, Cheuk-wai Delphine. "Playing with buttons: towards the validation of a projective test." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29689004.

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Lacombe-Csango, Lydia. "Le lys écrasé : histoire de la boue et de l'abus. L'abus sexuel à travers les tests projectifs." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131023.

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Recherche portant sur 125 cas (divises en 4 groupes-témoin et 3 groupes de contrôle), visant à dégager des clignotants de risque spécifiques à l'abus sexuel sur enfant au niveau des tests de rorschach et de Szondi. Cette recherche est complétée par 27 études de cas. Il apparait possible d’isoler certaines constellations dans les tests qui sont exploitables une fois replacées dans le contexte de l'anamnèse
Research dealing with 125 cases (divided into 4 witness-groups and 3 control-groups), and tending to prove specifical risk indicators to sexual abuse on children with the Rorschach and szondi tests. This research is completed by 27 case-studies, it is shown possible to isolate a certain amount of configurations in these tests which can be exploited in the context of anamnesis

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Vale, Ana Teresa de Paulos Martins do. "A comunicação à luz de masculino-feminino em sujeitos adultos com história infantil de maus tratos: Estudo através do Rorschach." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/1007.

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Dissrtação de Mestrado em Psicologia Legal
Com este trabalho, procurou-se ampliar a capacidade da metodologia Rorschach de modo a que pudesse aceder a outras dimensões do funcionamento mental que não aquelas que fazem parte da abordagem clássica da prova. Consequentemente, a inscrição do trabalho faz-se no contexto da metodologia projectiva; ainda assim, no seio desta metodologia, foi rejeitada a submissão a um racional psicopatológico, buscando novos sentidos e aplicando ao Rorschach, dentro da Psicanálise, o modelo desenvolvido por W. Bion, procurando desta forma focar o funcionamento psíquico do sujeito à luz dos processos de pensamento e simbolização, mais especificamente, a dimensão da comunicação no contexto da relação ♀♂. Para isto, explorámos o modelo e delineámos procedimentos de análise a partir dele, procedimentos que orientaram a nossa análise do protocolo de Rorschach. Esta abordagem ao Rorschach vem na sequência de outros trabalhos que têm vindo a ser desenvolvidos entre nós, como por exemplo os trabalhos de Emília Marques. O carácter inovador do trabalho que agora se apresenta prende-se com a questão específica que investigámos (a comunicação) e com a aplicação desta metodologia a um objecto de estudo particular - adultos com história infantil de maus tratos. Pensando a situação de maus tratos com o recurso ao modelo bioniano, pensamos ter delineado um novo olhar sobre esta questão, perspectiva essa que difere da literatura existente actualmente sobre o tema. Desta forma, centrou-se a perspectiva no sujeito e não no acto, explorando os vários sentidos que a situação de maus tratos pode ter para o sujeito adulto que a viveu na sua infância. Assim, encontrámos as dimensões realçadas pelos autores que fizeram parte da nossa pesquisa bibliográfica: o evitamento da relação, a insensibilização dos sentidos, a impermeabilização ao outro (marca da comunicação comensal), bem como a desconfiança de colorido paranóide, associada a afectos de frustração, ódio, angústia, dor e desorganização mental (enquanto marca da comunicação parasitária). Mas igualmente, encontrámos movimentos em direcção ao objecto, a necessidade e o apelo à relação, momentos em que a comunicação simbiótica parece tornar-se mais possível, os quais abrem alguma possibilidade de transformação e de pensar a experiência emocional.

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Turner, R. J. "Validation of the parent-adult-child (PAC-D) projective drawing test." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1335538986.

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Pinto, Neuza Filipa Silva Simões. "A Figura Complexa de Rey na criança com alergia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/808.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicossomática
Tendo por base os inúmeros estudos realizados sobre a figura complexa de Rey (forma A), esta investigação pretende explorar alguns aspectos relacionados com a problemática subjacente às crianças com diagnóstico médico de alergia, à luz e uma perspectiva psicossomática. A amostra em estudo foi recolhida na consulta de Imunoalergologia da Clínica Pediátrica Universitária do Hospital de Santa Maria, em Lisboa, mediante a análise do processo clínico de cada criança. É composta por 22 crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os seis e os nove anos de idade inclusivé, com diagnóstico médico de alergia confirmado pelos exames complementares de diagnóstico: Testes cutâneos em prick positivos e e/ou exames in vitro _ IgE total sérica e IgE específica. Este estudo trata-se de uma investigação clínica-psicossomática de carácter não experimentai já que não se pretende introduzir modificações ao longo da recolha dos dados e descritivo visando desenvolver ideias ou hipóteses sobre o modo como os factos se encontram relacionados entre si. É exploratório e transversal na medida era que possibilita a recolha de dados sobre a eventual plausibilidade do problema apenas num determinado momento. Na selecção dos instrumentos considerou-se que, para além da figura complexa de Rey (forma A) deveriam ser utilizados outros recursos que servissem de suporte a uma melhor compreensão dos dados obtidos, nomeadamente, questionário-anamnese, desenho da figura humana, desenho de círculos representativos da família e Rorschach. No que diz respeito ao funcionamento da criança com alergia foi possível verificar que, estas apresentam algumas particularidades ao nível do seu plano genético e imunitário, ritmos biológicos e corporais e vida relacional/psicológica, no entanto, não é possível a constatação de uma frequência significativa de traços estruturais relativamente a estes aspectos referidos na literatura por inúmeros autores. Pode falar-se, então, de especificidades associadas a uma determinada patologia psicossomática que é a alergia. Conclui-se esta investigação afirmando que a figura complexa de Rey encerra em si mesma a possibilidade de uma análise precisa dos diferentes aspectos que abordam o funcionamento da criança com alergia de uma perspectiva psicossomática, nomeadamente, ao nível da organização do espaço e do tempo, da projecção da imagem do corpo, da lateralidade e ritmicidade entre percepção e projecção e os recursos do imaginário. A figura complexa de Rey revela uma versatilidade e riqueza em termos de princípios e objectivos que, em última análise e em termos teórico-práticos, nos leva a considerá-la como uma exímia prova de avaliação em clínica psicossomática. Esta adequação, no entanto, não deve ser reduzida a este campo de análise visto poder, pelo seu valor, abranger outras áreas de estudo.

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Brelet, Françoise. "Le T. A. T : fantasme et situation projective." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100103.

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Etude des caractéristiques singulières des protocoles T. A. T. De sujets souffrant de dépression, de déficits narcissiques ou d'etats limites entre névrose et psychose. Ces modalités de fonctionnement psychique amènent à considérer le test T. A. T comme mise à l'épreuve de la capacité à fantasmer ; il est aussi mise en évidence des modalités de la pensée qui permettent la circulation du penser-fantasmer dans les économies non névrotiques, lorsque la fantasmatique œdipienne manque à organiser le mouvement de la vie psychique. Cette méthodologie interprétative s'appuie sur celle de Vica Shentoub, explorée comme mise en évidence des modes de défense et d'organisation du conflit œdipien, et permet de tenir compte des procès de penser particuliers à ces économies, dans leurs différences et leurs ressemblances avec ceux qu'on rencontre dans la psychose (exemple ici : la schizophrénie), dans la perversion et dans les économies dépressives. L'analyse extensive de protocoles d'alcooliques et d'alcooliques abstinents (troisième partie de la thèse -ronéotée-) permet de proposer un exemple de l'interprétation clinique rendue possible par cet abord de la situation projective
Analysis of the original features of tat stories in subjects presenting depressive states, narcissic deficits of borderline states. These types of psychic functioning lead us to consider the tat as testing the ability to fantasy making; it also brings forth various modalities of thought which enable the "thinking-fantasizing" to circulate in non-neurotic economy systems, when the oedipal fantasy fails to organize the movement of psychic life. This method of interpretation is based on the methodology elaborated by Vica Shentoub, emphasizing modes of defense and of oedipal organization: it also is a means of outlining the thought mechanisms which are characteristic of the economy systems under study, through their similarities and differences which other organizations: the psychotic (mainly schizophrenia), the perverse and the depressive. An exhaustive analysis of tat stories of active alcoholics and non-drinking alcoholics (in the 3rd part of the thesis) enables us to offer an example of a clinical interpretation based on this approach of the projective situation

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Janson, Harald. "Projective methods and longitudinal developmental research : considerations of data's nature and reliability /." Stockholm : Stockholms Universitet, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37096301t.

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Doct. diss.--Department of psychology--Stockholm university, 1999.
Ouvrage constitué de cinq études indépendantes, contenant des résumés en anglais, en français, en espagnol. Bibliogr. en fin de chaque étude.

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Saida, Salha. "L'entité limite : entre la clinique séméiologique et la clinique projective. Étude sur une population tunisienne." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100226.

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Notre étude porte sur deux échantillons de patients Tunisiens : un groupe clinique composé de sujets (N = 41) diagnostiqués trouble de personnalité limite par leur psychiatre en référence aux critères du DSM-IV (APA, 2003) et un groupe témoin composé de patients schizophrènes (N = 27). Nous avons utilisé le test de Rorschach en Système intégré (Exner, 1993) et avons fixé comme premier objectif de dégager les caractéristiques du fonctionnement des patients limites au Rorschach selon les paramètres de l’organisation limite de la personnalité décrits par Kernberg (1997). Notre deuxième objectif est de vérifier si le fonctionnement de ces sujets, tel que traduit dans le Rorschach, permet de les différencier des sujets schizophrènes. Le troisième objectif est d’étudier, par une approche test re-test avec un intervalle de 6 à 9 mois, la stabilité des variables du Rorschach à travers le temps. Les résultats de notre étude montrent que les protocoles des patients limites diffèrent par rapport à certaines variables-clés (7 variables) de ceux des schizophrènes. Ces variables constituent des indicateurs pertinents du fonctionnement limite. Néanmoins, nous avons relevé une hétérogénéité à l’intérieur de notre échantillon de sujets limites. En effet, plusieurs niveaux de fonctionnements ont émergé à l’intérieur de ce groupe. Par ailleurs, il n’y a pas eu de différence significative entre la plupart des variables en T1 et T2 aussi bien chez les sujets limites que les schizophrènes. Toutefois, la stabilité semble dépendre du fonctionnement sous-jacent
This study concerns two samples of Tunisian patients: a clinical group (N = 41) with subjects who received a diagnosis of Borderline personality disorder in reference to DSM-IV (APA, 2003) by their psychiatrist and a control group of schizophrenic patients (N = 27). We used the Rorschach comprehensive system (Exner, 1993) in order to identify, as a first purpose, the characteristics of the Rorschach’s borderline functioning based on the Kernberg’s description of the borderline organisation (1997). In parallel, we aimed, to verify whether the Rorschach’s functioning characteristics are able to distinguish our clinical group from the Schizophrenic group. Furthermore, both of groups were tested once in the beginning of our study and again, with an interval of 6 at 9 months in order to study the stability of the Rorschach’s variables. The results indicated that seven (7) variables distinguish our group of Borderline subjects from the schizophrenics. These variables represent highly relevant indicators of borderline functioning. Nevertheless, our clinical group is heterogeneous. In fact, different ranges of functioning have emerged. Elsewhere, there is no significant difference between the most variables in T1 and T2 but the stability may differ depending on the underlying functioning

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Fransson, Per. "Defense mechanism test och ungdomar." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96882.

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Roivainen, E. (Eka). "Validity in psychological measurement:an investigation of test norms." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526209432.

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Abstract A psychological test may be defined as an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behaviour. The interpretation of test results is usually based on comparing an individual’s performance to norms based on a representative sample of the population. The present study examined the norms of popular adult tests. The validity of the Wartegg drawing test (WZT) was studied using two rating scales, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory as criterion tests. Weak to moderate correlations were found. It is concluded that the WZT has some validity in the assessment of Alexithymia. Efforts to develop a psychometrically valid and reliable method of interpreting the WZT should be continued. Cross-national and historical analyses of the norms of Wechsler’s adult intelligence scale (WAIS) were performed. The results show that the Finnish WAIS III test norms are distorted in the younger age groups. Significant cross-national and cross-generational differences in relative subtest scores, test profiles were also observed. Differences in general intelligence cannot explain such variations, and educational and cultural factors probably underlie the observed differences. It is suggested that the concept of a national IQ profile is useful for cross-national test validation studies. The validity of a validity scale, the Chapman Infrequency Scale, was studied in the context of a survey study. Results showed that careless responding is significantly more frequent among psychiatric patients relative to healthy respondents. The common procedure of excluding careless responders from final samples may affect the results of survey studies targeting individuals with psychiatric symptoms. Cut-off scores for exclusion should be flexible and chosen according to the demographic and health characteristics of the sample. In conclusion, the results of this study underscore the need for up-to-date and representative test norms for valid test interpretation
Tiivistelmä Psykologiset testit voidaan ymmärtää otoksiksi tutkittavan käyttäytymisestä. Mittauksen tulosta tulkitaan yleensä vertaamalla sitä tavalliseen tai keskimääräiseen tulokseen eli testinormeihin. Väitöskirjatutkimus tarkastelee suosittujen aikuistestien normien pätevyyttä. Warteggin piirrostestin validiteettia aleksitymian ja depression mittarina tutkittiin käyttämällä vertailukriteerinä kahta lomaketestiä, Toronton aleksitymia-asteikkoa ja Beckin depressioasteikkoa. Mitatut korrelaatiot olivat melko matalia. Tutkimuksen johtopäätöksenä oli, että Wartegg-testi saattaa olla hyödyllinen menetelmä aleksitymian toteamisessa ja että empiiriseen tutkimukseen perustuvaa tulkintamenetelmien kehittämistä pitäisi jatkaa. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin myös Wechslerin aikuisten älykkyystestien (WAIS) eri versioiden osatestien kansallisten normien välisiä eroja ja eroja ikäkohorttien välillä. Tulokset osoittivat, että suomalaiset WAIS III testinormit ovat vinoutuneet nuorempien ikäryhmien osalta. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin merkitseviä eroja osatestien keskiarvojen suhteissa eli testiprofiileissa eri maiden ja ikäkohorttien välillä. Kyseisiä eroja ei voida selittää älykkyyden yleisellä faktorilla, vaan niiden taustalla on luultavasti koulutukseen ja kulttuuriin liittyviä tekijöitä. Osa eroista kansallisissa testiprofiileissa näyttää olevan luonteeltaan pysyviä, ja tätä tietoa voidaan käyttää hyväksi testinormien pätevyyttä arvioitaessa. Chapmanin vastaustapa-asteikon (CIS) validiteettia tutkittiin Pohjois-Suomen vuoden 1966 syntymäkohortin kyselytutkimusaineistolla. Psykiatrisista oireista kärsivät henkilöt saivat korkeampia pistemääriä kuin terveet vastaajat. Johtopäätöksenä oli, että vastaustapamittarit voivat karsia psykiatrisia potilaita liian herkästi ulos tutkimusjoukosta, mikä voi vääristää tutkimusten tuloksia. Kriteeripistemäärän pitäisi olla joustava ja sen määrityksessä pitäisi ottaa huomioon tutkimusjoukon ominaisuudet. Tutkimukset osoittavat, että testituloksen luotettava tulkinta vaatii ajanmukaiset ja edustavaan otokseen perustuvat testinormit

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Way, Jacqueline Mary. "The family interaction test : an investigation of the validity and reliability of a projective test of family interaction /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsw357.pdf.

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Antici, Francesco. "Advanced techniques for cross-language annotation projection in legal texts." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23884/.

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Nowadays, the majority of the services we benefit from, are provided online and their use is regulated by the acceptance to the terms of service by the users. All our data are handled accordingly with the clauses of such document and all our behaviours must comply with it. Given so, it would be very useful to find automated techniques to ensure fairness of the document or inform the users about possible threats. The focus of this work, is to create resources aimed to the development of such tools in languages other than English, which may lack in linguistic resources and annotated corpus. The enormous breakthroughs of the last years in Natural Language Processing techniques made it possible the creation of such tools through automated and unsupervised process. One of the means to achieve that is through the annotation projection between two parallel corpora. The difficulties and costs of creating ad hoc resource for every language has brought the need to find another way for achieving the goal.\\ This work investigates the cross language annotation projection technique based on sentence embedding and similarity metrics to find matches between sentences. Several combination of methods and algorithms are compared, among which there are monolingual and multilingual embedding neural models. The experiments are conducted on two datasets, where the reference language is always English and the projection are evaluated on Italian, German and Polish. The results obtained provide a robust and reliable technique for the task and a good starting point to build multilingual tools.

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Barbosa, Lourdes Aparecida Mota. "O papel do psicólogo num estudo sobre respostas emocionais e hormonais ao stress psicológico durante a indução de um estado alterado de consciência." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/344.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicossomática
Tendo em atenção o problema: Que tipos de respostas emocionais (psicológicas e hormonais) podem surgir durante a indução de um Estado Alterado de Consciência? - , foi escolhido para esta dissertação de mestrado, um caso ilustrativo de um estudo realizado no âmbito de um projecto de investigação sobre respostas hormonais e neurofisiológicas a situações ou acontecimentos vivenciados (eventualmente stressantes), durante estados alterados de consciência, fossem estes comprovadamente reais ou imaginários. Os objectivos deste trabalho em concreto (tese de mestrado), foram definidos da seguinte forma: > Estudo da personalidade pela entrevista e aplicação da prova projectiva Rorschach; > Estudo e descrição das respostas emocionais em estado alterado de consciência; > Relacionar os dados da entrevista, da prova projectiva e das respostas emocionais e a sua associação de uma forma geral com as respostas endócrinas; > Estudar a ocorrência de alguma modificação da patologia ou de comportamentos negativos apresentados na entrevista inicial e na indução do estado alterado de consciência; > Avaliação geral do caso. Não se pretendeu fazer uma avaliação psicoterapêutica do estado modificado de consciência induzido. Os resultados obtidos forarn interessantes. Assim, observámos que: > Existem variados tipos de respostas emocionais (psicológicas e hormonais) dependendo do tipo de indução do estado alterado de consciência, da presença de traumas e da sua natureza; > Existe variabilidade das hormonas, nomeadamente do cortisol e da prolactina em resposta à variabilidade emocional; > A variabilidade hormonal está relacionada com os momentos particulares da vivência do conflito essencial trazidos pelo sujeito. Por exemplo, verificou-se que a prolactina registou subidas importantes em situações de stress emocional em que predominaram os sentimentos de impotência e humilhação, enquanto que o cortisol, que responde a emoções de surpresa e desbloqueamento de memórias reprimidas, não se alterou.

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Wright, Dorothy A. "Comparisons between the Sand Tray World Assessment Technique and the Rorschach Inkblot Test." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1467044.

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Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

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Coulacoglou, Carina. "The development of the fairy tale projective test (FTT) in the personality assessment of children." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335356.

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Ograhn, Fredrik, and August Wande. "Automatiserade regressionstester avseende arbetsflöden och behörigheter i ProjectWise. : En fallstudie om ProjectWise på Trafikverket." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-23290.

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Test av mjukvara görs i syfte att se ifall systemet uppfyller specificerade krav samt för att hitta fel. Det är en viktig del i systemutveckling och involverar bland annat regressionstestning. Regressionstester utförs för att säkerställa att en ändring i systemet inte medför att andra delar i systemet påverkas negativt. Dokumenthanteringssystem hanterar ofta känslig data hos organisationer vilket ställer höga krav på säkerheten. Behörigheter i system måste därför testas noggrant för att säkerställa att data inte hamnar i fel händer. Dokumenthanteringssystem gör det möjligt för flera organisationer att samla sina resurser och kunskaper för att nå gemensamma mål. Gemensamma arbetsprocesser stöds med hjälp av arbetsflöden som innehåller ett antal olika tillstånd. Vid dessa olika tillstånd gäller olika behörigheter. När en behörighet ändras krävs regressionstester för att försäkra att ändringen inte har gjort inverkan på andra behörigheter. Denna studie har utförts som en kvalitativ fallstudie vars syfte var att beskriva utmaningar med regressionstestning av roller och behörigheter i arbetsflöden för dokument i dokumenthanteringssystem. Genom intervjuer och en observation så framkom det att stora utmaningar med dessa tester är att arbetsflödens tillstånd följer en förutbestämd sekvens. För att fullfölja denna sekvens så involveras en enorm mängd behörigheter som måste testas. Det ger ett mycket omfattande testarbete avseende bland annat tid och kostnad. Studien har riktat sig mot dokumenthanteringssystemet ProjectWise som förvaltas av Trafikverket. Beslutsunderlag togs fram för en teknisk lösning för automatiserad regressionstestning av roller och behörigheter i arbetsflöden åt ProjectWise. Utifrån en kravinsamling tillhandahölls beslutsunderlag som involverade Team Foundation Server (TFS), Coded UI och en nyckelordsdriven testmetod som en teknisk lösning. Slutligen jämfördes vilka skillnader den tekniska lösningen kan utgöra mot manuell testning. Utifrån litteratur, dokumentstudie och förstahandserfarenheter visade sig testautomatisering kunna utgöra skillnader inom ett antal identifierade problemområden, bland annat tid och kostnad.
Software testing is done in order to see whether the system meets specified requirements and to find bugs. It is an important part of system development and involves, among other things, regression testing. Regression tests are performed to ensure that a change in the system does not affect other parts of the system adversely. Document management systems often deals with sensitive data for organizations, which place high demands on safety. Permissions in the system has to be tested thoroughly to ensure that data does not fall into the wrong hands. Document management systems make it possible for organizations to pool their resources and knowledge together to achieve common goals. Common work processes are supported through workflows that contains a variety of states. These different permissions apply to different states. When a permission changes regression tests are required to ensure that the changes has not made an impact on other permissions. This study was conducted as a qualitative case study whose purpose was to describe the challenges of regression testing of roles and permissions in document workflows in a document management system. Through interviews and an observation it emerged that the major challenges of these tests is that workflow states follow a predetermined sequence. To complete this sequence, a huge amount of permissions must be tested. This provides a very extensive test work that is time consuming and costly. The study was directed toward the document management system ProjectWise, managed by Trafikverket. Supporting documentation for decision making was produced for a technical solution for automated regression testing of roles and permissions in workflows for ProjectWise. Based on a requirement gathering decision-making was provided that involved the Team Foundation Server (TFS), Coded UI and a keyword-driven test method for a technical solution. Finally, a comparison was made of differences in the technical solution versus today's manual testing. Based on literature, document studies and first hand experiences, test automation provides differences in a number of problem areas, including time and cost.

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Cherni, Sana. "Aspects psychopathologiques et culturels de la maniaco-dépression, en Tunisie : approche projective." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100117.

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Le mystère de la maniaco-dépression allie la complexité de la dépression à l’effervescence de la manie qui s’achève sur une période, encore plus troublante ; celle des périodes de rémission dont le statut psychique ne peut être assimilé à la normalité (Jeammet, 1999). Qu’en est-il alors de cette stabilisation provisoire ? Quelles informations peut-elle nous apporter concernant le fonctionnement psychique sous-jacent à la maniaco-dépression ? A l’hôpital RAZI-Manouba, nous avons rencontré 12 patients dont le consentement éclairé nous a permis d’apporter des réponses à la question de l’hétérogénéité dans la maniaco-dépression. Nous avons aussi découvert, au fur et à mesure du dépouillement des projectifs (Rorschach et TAT), la présence d’une dimension paranoïaque, plus ou moins marquée, chez les sujets, sans oublier la coloration culturelle que prend la psychopathologie, dans le contexte tunisien. Dans une perspective psychanalytique, nous interrogeons les différents modèles théoriques afin d’éclairer les processus à l’œuvre dans la mélancolie et dans la manie. L’investigation menée lors de la période de rémission pose la question du fonctionnement limite, de la psychose et de la limite entre les deux entités diagnostiques. En associant la métapsychologie psychanalytique théorique à l’analyse détaillée des outils projectifs, nous tentons de dresser un tableau du fonctionnement psychique sous-jacent à la maniaco-dépression, en Tunisie
The mystery of maniaco-depression is tightly associated with the effervescence of habit taking shape throughout an unstable course marked by episodes of remission where one’s psychological state is far from being considered normal (Jeammet, 1999). So, how can we account for such temporary stability? What sort of information can this psychological mecanisme underlying maniac-depression bring to us? At the RAZI hospital in Manouba, our consented meetings with 12 patients allowed us to collect evidence attendant to the question of heterogeneity in maniac-depression. We also found during the analysis of the data some evidence of paranoia variable in degree among the informants. Equally found was evidence for cultural variance of psychopathology in the Tunisian context. The investigation conducted during the remission period questioned the functioning of psychosis and borderline functioning

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Castro, Carneiro Francisco de. "Le Test de l'arbre : une approche dynamique (contribution à l'élaboration des techniques projectives)." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070176.

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L'auteur traite du test du dessin de l'arbre dans le cadre des techniques projectives. Il est amené à formuler des règles pour son application, sa cotation et son interprétation, susceptibles de permettre la standardisation des procédés, et il met par ailleurs en relief le caractère éminemment clinique de l'épreuve en tant qu'instrument privilégié pour l'approche de la personnalité. A tel effet, il commence par exposer très brièvement les principales contributions de la psychanalyse au sujet de la structure et du développement de la personnalité ainsi que les mécanismes de défense du moi, et, en particulier, le mécanisme de la projection. Un historique complet du test du dessin de l'arbre dans ses différentes écoles clôt la première partie. Une grille de dépouillement du test, conçue par l'auteur, est ensuite présentée. Elle servira à "évaluer" les dessins d'arbre d'adolescents psychotiques par étude comparative et statistique. Ceci va tout naturellement permettre la mise en évidence des différences de réalisation graphique du dessin de l’arbre en fonction de l’âge et ou de la catégorie des sujets. L'étude de deux cas éclairera les positions tenues par l'auteur qui attire l'attention sur le fait que l'application du dessin de l'arbre selon sa méthode - méthode inspirée d'une conception dynamique de la situation de test - établit une situation privilégiée de relation aux caractéristiques régressives importantes, et donc assez semblable à celle de la situation psychanalytique. A cet égard, l'arbre de rêve est, sans aucun doute, très fécond
In this thesis, the author is concerned with that projective technique known as the tree drawing test. This test, with established rules for its application, assessment and interpretation, lends itself to a standardised treatment. The essentially clinical nature of this test makes it a most effective personality testing technique. The author begins by briefly showing the principal contributions made by psychoanalytic theory to the understanding of the structure and development of the personality. This will include the ego defense mechanisms, most specially that of projection. There then follows a full historical account of the use made of the tree test by various schools. The author will then discuss the table that he himself has constructed for the analysis of this test. This table will be used to evaluate comparatively and statistically, the tree drawings made by psychotic adolescents. This leads naturally to consideration of the ways in which the actual drawing of the tree is effected by the age and or type of the test subject. The study of two examples will be used to make the authors position clearer. The author would wish to draw attention to the fact that by the application of his method - founded as it is upon a understanding of the dynamics of the test situation - the test makes important regressive characteristics of the personality particularly accessible. In this regard, it resembles somewhat psychoanalysis itself. Thus it could be said that the tree of dreams is without doubt a very fruitfull one

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Castro, Carneiro Francisco de. "Le Test de l'arbre une approche dynamique, contribution à l'élaboration des techniques projectives /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376036869.

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Teeter, Russell Daniel. "Two dimensional mesoscale simulations of projectile instability during penetration of dry sand." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2007/r_teeter_121107.pdf.

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Neto, Antonio Carlos Pacheco e. Silva. "Fidedignidade do sistema compreensivo do Rorschach: revisão e estudo da estabilidade temporal em adultos da cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-30112009-091310/.

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Neste estudo, avaliamos a estabilidade temporal de 59 variáveis principais do Sistema Compreensivo do Rorschach (SCR). Nossa amostra foi composta por 32 adultos nãopacientes da cidade de São Paulo, participantes voluntários. Eles poderiam receber os resultados da avaliação após a coleta dos dados. Predominaram mulheres (75%), indivíduos solteiros (50%), das classes A (41%) e B (41%), com idades de 19 a 58 anos e média de 13 anos de instrução. Vinte e cinco participantes (78%) eram funcionários da universidade onde se realizou a pesquisa, dois (6%) eram alunos e cinco (16%) eram conhecidos dos funcionários. Utilizamos um delineamento de teste-reteste com intervalo de 3 a 4 meses ente as testagens. Os protocolos foram coletados e codificados pelo autor da pesquisa. Um segundo avaliador codificou, de modo independente, 10 protocolos do teste e 10 protocolos do reteste, sorteados. A fidedignidade inter-codificadores foi substancial (iota > 0,60) para a maioria das variáveis. A média das correlações de teste-reteste para as 59 variáveis centrais do SCR foi r = 0,61, o que corresponde a um nível moderado de estabilidade temporal. Investigamos também a direcionalidade das proporções e a consistência das categorias interpretativas. Entre 44% e 70% dos participantes permaneceu na mesma categoria interpretativa no teste e no reteste. Os resultados de estabilidade temporal encontrados foram menores do que os das pesquisas originais do SCR, mas semelhantes aos de um estudo francês recente. A estabilidade das constelações foi alta, com pelo menos 88% dos participantes mantendo o mesmo status negativo ou positivo no teste e no reteste. Fatores como a restrição de faixa de valores e assimetria não parecem explicar a menor estabilidade temporal encontrada na nossa amostra, mas a distribuição dos valores das variáveis, incluindo a maior freqüência de participantes com escores iguais a zero e a presença de escores extremos, pode ter contribuído. Na nossa amostra, o nível de engajamento na tarefa aparentemente foi semelhante ao da amostra normativa da cidade de São Paulo, mas menor do que nas pesquisas originais do SCR. O menor engajamento na tarefa pode ter contribuído para a menor estabilidade temporal encontrada. Fatores relacionados à situação de testagem também parecem ter desempenhado importante papel nos resultados. Os usuários brasileiros devem ter cuidado ao interpretar os resultados obtidos com o SCR, principalmente frente a protocolos com baixo nível de engajamento na tarefa (identificados por R baixo e Lambda alto). Mais pesquisas brasileiras com o SCR são necessárias, inclusive para investigar procedimentos que promovam maior engajamento na tarefa, e que assim possam contribuir para uma maior fidedignidade e validade dos resultados obtidos.
We have evaluated the temporal stability of 59 Rorschach Comprehensive System (RCS) core variables. Our sample was composed of 32 nonpatients adults from the city of São Paulo, who volunteered to participate. They could have access to assessment results after the data collection. Participants were predominantly women (75%), single individuals (50%), from socioeconomic classes A (41%) and B (41%), with ages from 19 to 58 and 13 years of education on average. Twenty-five participants (78%) were employees from the university where the research was accomplished, two (6%) were students at the university and five (16%) were acquaintances of the employees. We used a test-retest design with a 3 to 4 months retest interval. All records were collected and codified by the author. A second rater independently coded 10 records from test and 10 records from retest, randomly selected. Interrater reliability was substantial (iota > .60) for most RCS variables. The mean test-retest correlation for the 59 core variables was r = .61, which indicates a moderate level of temporal stability. We also investigated directionality of proportions and categorical consistency. Between 44% and 70% of the participants were in the same interpretive category on test and retest. These results were lower than the original RCS research, but similar to the findings of a recent French study. Temporal stability for constellations was high, with at least 88% of the participants keeping the same negative or positive status on test and retest. Range restriction and skewness did not seem to explain the lower stability found in our sample, but the distributions of values for some variables, with a high frequency of participants with scores of zero and outliers, may have contributed. Task engagement in our sample apparently was similar to that found for the normative sample of adults from São Paulo, but lower than in the original RCS research. Lower task engagement may have contributed to the lower temporal stability. Factors of the testing situation seem to have played an important role in the results also. Brazilian users should take care in interpreting RCS results, mainly when task engagement is low (indicated by low R and high Lambda). More research with RCS in Brazil is needed, also to investigate procedures for obtaining higher task engagement, which may contribute to higher reliability and validity of test results.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Projective tests'

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