Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Projet ZAI'

Cette thèse porte sur l'analyse des pratiques participatives des deux projets, la ZAC Paris Rive Gauche à Paris, l'aménagement du Gwanghwamun Square à Séoul. Alors que la « participation » dans le projet urbain est souvent annoncée comme l'objectif idéal, ce terme laisse une marge de traduction à chaque personne qui l'utilise. Cette thèse a pour objectif de comprendre le rôle de participation dans la fabrication de l'espace. Nous entamons d'abord l'étude du déroulement de ces deux projets urbains et de ses acteurs pour montrer leur place dans la démarche du projet. Ensuite, nous analysons la structure des dispositifs participatifs et leur fonctionnement. Il s'agit d'étudier la place des citoyens dans le projet urbain qui apparaissent à travers ces dispositifs et le lien qu'ils nouent éventuellement avec les acteurs. Qui sont-ils ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous analysons les figures des citoyens qui émergent lors de la participation. Nous avons retenu trois critères : 1) l'intensité de la participation, 2) l'intérêt qu'ils portent au projet et à l'espace, 3) la reconnaissance des savoirs citoyens. À partir de cette analyse sur la figure des citoyens, nous étudions comment des citoyens peuvent revendiquer leur présence dans la démarche du projet, et être reconnus par les acteurs ou non. Ce processus implique la mise en cause de la légitimité du projet et de l'autorité déléguée des acteurs. Si les acteurs du projet résistent à la réduction de leur portée dans la démarche du projet, qu'apporte la présence des citoyens dans l'aménagement de l'espace et à l'action publique collective ? Notre recherche montre que la dynamique participative n'est pas totalement malléable, malgré les difficultés de la prise de place des citoyens dans le jeu d'acteurs et de la reconnaissance de celle-ci. Nous avons essayé d'identifier les conditions de participation comme la possibilité de modifier la configuration des échanges, le partage des savoirs et la formation pour la participation
This thesis focuses on the analysis of participatory practices of two urban projects - the ZAC Paris Rive gauche in Paris and the creation of Gwanghwamun Square in Seoul. “Participation” in the urban project is often announced as the ideal objective. Its signification is disputable. The object of this thesis is to understand the role of participation in the making of spaces. For this, we start by describing the progress of these two urban projects as well as their stakeholders, to clarify their position in the project process. Then, the structure of the participating organizations and their functions are analyzed. By doing so, the place of citizens in the urban project as it appears in their relations with these organizations and their relations themselves with the stakeholders will be examined. Who are they? We analyze the types of citizens who emerge through citizen participation. Three criteria are selected: 1) the intensity of participation, 2) participants' interests, 3) recognition of citizens' knowledge. From these criteria, we research how citizens can claim their presence in the project, and be recognized by the stakeholders or not. If the stakeholders of the project resist the weakening of their influence in the project process caused by participation, what can the presence of these citizens bring to the space and to the public collective action? Our research shows that the dynamics of participation are not totally malleable, in spite of the citizens' difficulties in taking their place among stakeholders, and the recognition of their place. This research identifies the conditions of participation as the possibility of modifying the discussion situation, the knowledge sharing, and the learning to participate

La politique de renovation urbaine engagee par la ville de paris vers les annees 1950, a la faveur d'un mouvement rapide de croissance economique, a engendre prioritairement la modernisation du parc immobilier parisien et la creation de nombreux logements. Une nouvelle politique d'amenagement et d'urbanisme, fondee sur des orientations plus diversifiees est apparue a partir de 1975. La presente these vise a rendre compte des principaux objectifs d'amenagement axes notamment sur :. Les problemes lies au logement et au relogement,. Le maintien et le developpement des activites industrielles, artisanales ou commerciales,. L'insertion des constructions dans le tissu urbain,. Les aspects de renovation ou de rehabilitation,. Le renforcement des equipements publics, de culture et de loisirs,. La creation d'espaces verts et d'amenagements en faveur des pietons. C'est a partir de ces criteres que se faconne aujourd'hui la nouvelle politique d'amenagement et d'urbanisme a paris, a travers, le plus souvent, la creation de zones d'amenagement concerte. L'objet de cette these est, en outre, d'analyser cette politique des z. A. C. Parisiennes, en prenant notamment l'exemple particulier des operations projetees ou realisees dans la z. A. C. Des amandiers, dans le 20eme arrondissement, par une societe d'economie mixte d'equipement et d'amenagement, outil de cette importante operation. .
The policy for city renovation engaged by the paris city around the fifties, found its origin in a trend of fast economic growth conditions. This policy has given birth in priority to the modernization of the parisian real estate basis and the construction of many residences. From 1975, a new policy in space organisation and urbanism, based on more diversificated options is appeared. This report's try to analyse the main objectives in space management and particulary concerning :. The problems linked to lodging and lodging again ; the preservation and the development of industrial, artisan and commercial activities ; the integration of buildings in the urban texture ; the aspects of renovation and rehabilitation ; the strongthening of public equipments, cultural and hobby ones ; the creation of green spaces and pedestrian passages. The new policy in space organisation and urbanism in paris find today its frame from these criteria and through the creation of z. A. C. 's. In addition, the aim of this report is to analyse that parisian z. A. C. 's policy by taking the particular exemples of operations planned or realized in the "z. A. C. Des amandiers", in the 20th arrondissement by an organism "s. E. M. E. A. Xv" tool of this important operation. . In a first step, this survey draws the z. A. C. 's policy and the reglementation inside them and states exemples of such operations in paris. .

This thesis is about the problems of PPP projects. These are the projects, whose realization is based on the partnership of the private and public sector. This way brings new possibilities how is building and management of public infrastructure more effective. In theoretical part the basic information concerning the problems of PPP projects is described, its advantages and disadvantages, basic characters and principles. In this thesis is described actual state of PPP projects in the Czech Republic. In practical part the thesis is about specific concession project, whose realization is considered. It is the project of construction and operation of cableway to Spilberk Castle. Within this part at first the entrance data for financial models have been found, after that the financial models have been count and the analysis of sensitivity has been finished. In conclusion the evaluation of project has been done and there was the recommendation how to realize the project.

Osnovni cilj ovog istraţivanja je bio ispitivanje uticaja indukovanog srećnog i tuţnog afekta i vulnerabilnosti za depresiju na proces paţnje. U istraţivanju su integrisane i proveravane osnovne pretpostavke Teorije proširenja i izgradnje (Fredrickson, 1998, 2001) koje se tiĉu uticaja pozitivnih i negativnih emocija na opseg paţnje, i pretpostavke Bekove teorije depresije (Beck, 1967) u vezi sa efektima kognitivne vulnerabilnosti za depresiju na proces paţnje. Dva kljuĉna pitanja na koja je ovo istraţivanje pokušalo da pruţi odgovore su: 1) da li opseg paţnje zavisi od emocionalnog stanja koje osoba trenutno doţivljava; 2) da li osobe sa kognitivnom vulnerabilnošću za depresiju ispoljavaju negativne pristrasnosti paţnje. Istraţivanje je sprovedeno u dve faze. U prvoj fazi je uĉestvovalo 731 ispitanika (84% ţenskog pola), studenata Filozofskog fakulteta u Novom Sadu, proseĉne starosti 20.52 godine (SD = 1.80). Cilj ovog dela istraţivanja je bio da se selektuju osobe sa visokim i niskim rizikom za razvoj depresije, na osnovu skorova na dve mere kognitivne vulnerabilnosti za depresiju: 1) testa za procenu pristrasnosti u kognitivnom procesiranju informacija (Scrambled Sentences Test; Wenzlaff, 1988, 1993); 2) skale samoprocene depresivnih kognicija (Dysfunctional Attitude Scale-Form A; Weissman & Beck, 1978). Na osnovu rezultata na testovima vulnerabilnosti za depresiju i subskali depresivnosti PDSQ (The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire; Zimmerman & Mattia, 2001), iz inicijalnog uzorka su formirane dve grupe ispitanika - vulnerabilni za depresiju (N = 82; 69 ţenskog pola i 13 muškog) i nevulnerabilni (N = 88; 79 ţenskog pola i 9 muškog). Od ukupnog broja ispitanika koji su zadovoljavali kriterijume visoke i niske vulnerabilnosti za depresiju, u eksperimentalnom delu istraţivanja je uĉestvovalo 120 ispitanika (po 60 u svakoj grupi), koji su pristali da doĊu na drugu fazu istraţivanja. Druga faza istraţivanja je sprovedena u Laboratoriji za eksperimentalnu psihologiju, Filozofskog fakulteta, Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, i sastojala se iz sledećih delova: 1) popunjavanja baterije testova za procenu kontrolnih varijabli: pozitivnog i negativnog afekta, anksioznosti, depresivnosti, psihološke fleksibilnosti, optimizma i radoznalosti; 2) indukcije emocija, procedurom kombinovanja muzike i prisećanja i zapisivanja autobiografskog dogaĊaja; 3) eksperimenta praćenja oĉnih pokreta, u kojem je korišćen Eye-tracking sistem EyeLink II; 4) debrifinga. Stimulus u eksperimentu je bio slajd sa tri slike iste valence (tuţne, srećne, neutralne), prikazane na sivoj pozadini. Na slajdu je uvek jedna slika bila centralno, a dve periferno. Polje u kojem su slike prikazivane je bilo podeljeno u devet kvadranata, u koje su slike rasporeĊene sluĉajnim izborom. Korišćeno je ukupno 90 slika (po 30 svake valence) koje su izabrane iz baze IAPS (International Affective Picture System; Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008). Pokreti dominantnog oka su monokularno snimani, a zadatak ispitanika je bio da posmatra slike prirodno i da gleda ono što ga zanima, kao da gleda televiziju. Indikatori opsega paţnje su bili: a) procenat gledanja perifernih slika u odnosu na centralne; b) proseĉan broj fiksacija po slajda. Kao mere pristrasnosti paţnje su definisane: a) proseĉno trajanje svih fiksacija na slajdu odreĊene emocionalne valence; b) proseĉno trajanje prve fiksacije na centralnoj slici. Radi provere glavnih efekata vulnerabilnosti, indukovanog afekta i valence stimulusa, kao i njihovih interakcija, na opseg i pristrasnosti paţnje, u analizi podataka je korišćen trofaktorski mešoviti model analize varijanse (ANOVA). Rezultati istraţivanja su pokazali da laboratorijski indukovan afekat nema robustan efekat na opseg paţnje, kao i da negativne pristrasnosti paţnje nisu primetne kod osoba koje ispoljavaju kognitivnu vulnerabilnost za depresiju. Nalazi istraţivanja nisu potvrdili pretpostavke Teorije proširenja i izgradnje o uticaju pozitivnih i negativnih emocija na proces paţnje. Pri tom, nalazi su osporili operacionalizaciju depresivne kognitivne šeme kao opšte kognitivno-organizacion

In master´s thesis I deal with analysing of decision-making in PPP projects and searching for an optimal solutions. On an example of hypothetical project there is shown a decision making process which consists from three main parts: cost evaluation, revenue evaluation and risk identification. The result of this analyse is based on a public sector comparator where you can demonostrate suitability or unsuitability of particular PPP offers coming from private sphere.

This thesis deals with projects of Public Private Partnership (PPP), its aim is to describe the concept of PPP in theory, to mention its potential benefits as well as contemporary criticism. It also describes methods for the evaluation of PPP projects, analysis of risks and barriers for increased use of PPP projects in the Czech Republic.Practical part focuses on the project in the Czech Republic at the regional level, describes the problems associated with the evaluation of the project and compares the realization of project through PPP project with a form of conventional public contract.

This Diploma Thesis deals with Public Private Partnerships (PPP) projects in transportation area in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Theoretical part of the Thesis describes basic rules of project finance, as an elementary part of each PPP project, as well as analyzes key economic, legal, tax and accounting aspects of the PPP projects within the Czech Republic. Practical part of the Thesis describes the development of PPP projects in the whole Europe. Current pilot PPP projects in the Czech Republic are also analyzed. Real PPP project, D3 highway, and its economic availability are being analyzed and evaluated in the final part of the Thesis.

Notre recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre de la problématique générale du développement et de la ville durable. En partant de l’analyse de notre environnement construit et notamment des réponses architecturales et urbaines à apporter en vue de diminuer de façon significative les émissions des gaz CO2, limiter l'effet de serre et préserver la biodiversité, nous nous sommes attachés à l'étude d'un écoquartier situé dans une ville emblématique du point de vue écologique, celle de Grenoble, et dans l'un de ses espaces urbains : la caserne de Bonne. Nous sommes partis de l'hypothèse que c'est tout d’abord au plan local, puis régional et national que l’on devra élaborer et mettre en pratique des solutions adaptées pour lutter contre toutes les formes de pollution, créer et innover en matière d'énergie renouvelable, tout en diminuant de façon progressive l'usage des énergies fossiles. C'est en tant qu'architecte urbaniste praticien que nous avons voulu apporter notre contribution dans ce domaine, en optant pour une analyse approfondie de l’écoquartier de l'ancienne caserne de Bonne à Grenoble
Our research addresses the general issue of urban development and how to design sustainable cities through architecture and town planning. Our analysis focused on a study of caserne de Bonne, an ecodistrict located in Grenoble, which is an emblematic city from an ecological viewpoint. Our task was to significantly reduce CO2 gas emissions, limit the greenhouse effect, and preserve biodiversity. We developed our hypothesis to devise satisfactory solutions to fight pollution, reduce the use of fossil fuels, and create innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Our program will start locally, then expand on a regional and national level. We observed that in residential districts, remedies such as reducing transportation generated pollution, conserving energy, treating household waste, and other parameters,can be scaled up and implemented regionally and nationally. As architect and urban planner, we wanted to contribute to this field by providing an analysis of Bonne ecodistrict

Disertacija je usmerena na dva glavna istraživačka pitanja: na ispitivanjesloženih međuodnosa varijabli relevantnih za fenomen stres-procesa u kontekstuispitne anksioznosti i na istraživanje grešaka u sećanjima na emocije, misli iponašanja iz konkretne prošle stresne transakcije. Teorijsku bazu rada predstavlja uovoj studiji revidirana verzija modela Tejlora i Aspinvala (The Taylor and AspinwallModel, 1996), koji podrazumeva sveobuhvatan i savremen konceptualni okvir zarazumevanje komponenti generičkog pojma stresa i njihovih međusobnih relacija.Ovde validirani model obuhvata četiri grupe promenljivih: a) stresor (ispitnaanksioznost), b) suočavanje sa stresom (tri kategorije mehanizama prevladavanja:suočavanje usmereno na zadatak, suočavanje usmereno na emocije i izbegavanje), c)karakteristike ličnosti (optimizam i generalna samoefikasnost kao internalni resursi zasuočavanje sa stresom, i dve stabilne osobine ličnosti, relevantne za domenakademskog života: perfekcionizam i neuroticizam), i d) izlazne varijable stresprocesa(uspeh postignut na kolokvijumu i emocionalno stanje studenata neposrednonakon ispitne situacije).Istraživanje je sprovedeno na prigodnom uzorku od ukupno 263 studenata,koji pohađaju studije psihologije i germanistike na Filozofskom fakultetu u NovomSadu. Nacrt istraživanja koncipiran je na način, koji je omogućio prikupljanjepodataka u dva distinktivna vremena merenja: neposredno pre i odmah nakonpolaganja kolokvijuma, te mesec dana posle ove ispitne situacije. Ispitivanje prostoravarijabli stres-procesa obavljeno je primenom sledećih mernih instrumenata: upitnikza procenu ispitne anksioznosti (TAI), inventar za registrovanje načina suočavanja sakognitivnim zadacima (CITS), upitnik za merenje perfekcionizma (APS-R), skaladispozicionog optimizma (LOT-R), skala generalne samoefikasnosti (GSE), subskalaneuroticizma iz „Big Five” inventara ličnosti i upitnik za procenu pozitivnog inegativnog afektiviteta (SIAB-PANAS).Dobijeni rezultati, koji su proizišli iz razmatranja prve grupe istraživačkihpitanja, sugerišu da mehanizmi suočavanja usmereni na emocije predstavljajustatistički značajne medijatore relacija, koje postoje između visine izraženosti ispitneanksioznosti, s jedne strane, i uspeha na kolokvijumu i emocionalnog stanja ispitanikaneposredno nakon ispitne situacije, s druge strane. Nadalje, u radu su detaljnoprikazani i prodiskutovani specifični uslovi, pod kojima određeni nivo razvijenosti ispitivanih moderator varijabli (optimizam, generalna samoefikasnost, neuroticizam itri podvrste perfekcionizma) značajno menja sledeće relacije: a) ispitna anksioznost –izbor strategija za suočavanje, b) primenjeni mehanizmi prevladavanja – ishodiispitivane stresne transakcije i c) direktna veza između stresora i izlaznih varijabli.Prilikom ispitivanja memorijskih distorzija, ustanovljeno je da su studentigeneralno skloni naknadnom potcenjivanju jačine sopstvene ispitne anksioznosti, kojaje postojala u realnoj situaciji polaganja kolokvijuma, kao i precenjivanju pozitivnihishodnih emocija. Nalazi takođe sugerišu da osobina neuroticizma i uspeh postignutna testu znanja nisu u značajnoj meri delovali na greške u sećanju na osećanja izprošle stresne transakcije. Na posletku, utvrđeno je da su ispitanici relativno tačnoevocirali sećanja na primenjene strategije suočavanja, koje spadaju u kategorijeprevladavanja usmerenog na zadatak i izbegavanje, dok su potcenili jačinu i učestalostkorišćenja mehanizama suočavanja usmerenih na emocije.
The thesis is focused on two main research issues, as follows: examination ofcomplex interrelationships among variables relevant to the phenomenon of the stressprocessin the context of test anxiety and study of distortions in the memory foremotions, thoughts and behavior in a particular previous stressful transaction. Thetheoretical basis of the thesis presented in this study is a revised version of the Taylorand Aspinwall model (The Taylor and Aspinwall Model, 1996), which includes acomprehensive and contemporary conceptual framework for understanding thecomponents of a generic phenomenon of the stress concept and their mutual relations.The validated model includes four sets of variables: a) stressor (test anxiety), b)coping (three categories of coping mechanisms: task-focused coping, emotion-focusedcoping, and avoidance), c) personality traits (optimism and general self-efficacy asinternal resources for coping, and two stable personality traits relevant to the domainof academic life: perfectionism and neuroticism), and d) the output variables of thestress-process (success achieved at the colloquium and the emotional state of studentsimmediately after the test situation).The research was carried out on a sample of 263 students of Psychologystudies and German Language and Literature studies at the University of Novi Sad.The research design enabled data collection within two distinct times of measurement:immediately before and immediately after passing the colloquium (test), and a monthafter the test situation. Examination of the stress-process variable space was carriedout by application of the following measuring instruments: Test Anxiety Inventory(TAI), Coping Inventory for Task Stress (CITS), The Almost Perfect Scale-Revised(APS-R), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE),the neuroticism subscale from the "Big Five" personality inventory, and the Serbianadaptation of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (SIAB-PANAS).The obtained results, which have emerged after reviewing the first set of theresearch questions, suggest that emotion-focused coping mechanisms are significantmediators of relations, which exist between the intensity of the test anxiety on onehand, and success achieved at the colloquium and the emotional state of subjectsimmediately after the test situation, on the other hand. Furthermore, the thesis presentsin details and discusses specific conditions under which a certain level of theexamined moderator variables (optimism, general self-efficacy, neuroticism, and three subtypes of perfectionism) significantly change the following relations: a) test anxiety– a choice of coping strategies, b) applied coping mechanisms - outcomes of theexamined stressful transaction and c) a direct relationship between stressors andoutput variables.When examining memory distortions, it was found that students generallytended to subsequently underestimate the strength of their own test anxiety, whichexisted in the real situation of taking the test, as well as to overestimate positiveoutcome emotions. The findings also suggested that the neuroticism trait and thesuccess achieved on the test were statistically not significant for distortions inmemory, and feelings from the previous stressful transaction. Finally, it was foundthat the subjects relatively accurately evoked memories of the applied copingstrategies, which fell into the category of the task-focused coping and avoidance, andunderestimated the strength and frequency of application of emotion-focused copingmechanisms.

Cilj  istraživanja  u  okviru  ove  doktorske  disertacije  je  utvrđivanje  efekata  različitihoksidacionih procesa na bazi ozona, vodonik-peroksida i UV zračenja na sadržaj i reaktivnost prirodnih  organskih  materija  (POM)  u  različitim  vodenim  matriksima.  Ispitivanja  su sprovedena  na  a)  podzemnoj  vodi  sa  teritorije  Kikinde  i  Temerina  (prirodni  matriks)  i  b) sintetičkom  vodenom  matriksu  (rastvoru  komercijalno  dostupne  huminske  kiseline),  koji  se među sobom razlikuju po sastavu i strukturi prisutne POM i sadržaju bromida. Za oksidacioni proces  (ozonizacija,  UV  fotoliza,  oksidacija  sa  H ₂O₂,  kombinovani  O ₃ /UV  proces  i kombinovani  H ₂O₂/UV  proces)  pojedinačno  ispitan  je  uticaj  različitih  doza  oksidanata  i reakcionih  uslova.Posebna  pažnja  posvećena  je  ispitivanju  uticaja  navedenih  tretmana  naformiranje  neorganskog  bromata,  kao  i  uticaja  na  sadržaj  prekursora   dezinfekcionih nusproizvoda nakon hlorisanja (THM, HAA, HAN, HK i CP).Analiza  hemijskih  parametara  sintetičkog  matriksa  (5,44±0,30  mg  C/l; 0,255±0,015 cm ^-1 ;  4,68±0,41  lm ^-1 mg ^-1 )  pokazuje  da  u  njemu  preovladavaju  huminnske materije  visoke  hidrofobnosti.  Visok  sadržaj  POM  pretežno  hidrofobnog  karaktera  je zabeležen i u vodi iz Kikinde (5,170,72 mg C/l; 0,2010,001 cm   ^-1   ; 3,88±0,70 lm  ^-1  mg ^-1 ), dok je  sadrža j  POM  u  sirovoj  vodi  iz  Temerina  (2,060,38  mg  C/l;  0,0500,001  cm   ^-1    ; 2,43±0,21 lm  ^-1  mg ^-1   ) značajno niži i preovladavaju POM hidrofilnog karaktera. Veći stepen hidrofobnosti sintetičkog matriksa u poređenju sa  prirodnim matriksima, rezultovao  je  i  većom  reaktivnosti  organske  materije  sa  hlorom,  što  se  može  zaključiti  naosnovu visokih vrednosti PFDBP nakon hlorisanja. Vrednost PFTHM u sintetičkom matriksu iznosi  544±85,9  µg/l,  dok  je  PFTHM  u  kikindskoj  i  temerinskoj  sirovoj  vodi  znatno  niži (279±32,3  i  180±44,0  µg/l,  respektivno).  Vrednost  PFHAA  u  sintetičkom  matriksu  iznosi 484±77,5 µg/l, dok je PFHAA u kikindskoj 244±11,1 µg/l i u temerinskoj vodi 165±32,5 µg/l. Sadržaj  HK  (8,05±3,63  µg/l  sintetički  matriks;  14,91,38  µg/l  Kikinda;  7,400,25  µg/l Temerin)  je  znatno  niži  u  poređenju  sa  prekursorima  THM  i  HAA,  dok  prekursori  HAN  i hlorpikrina  nisu  detektovani  u  sirovoj  vodi.  Nusproizvodi  koji  se  dominantno  formiraju  u svim  ispitivanim  vodenim  matriksima  su  hlorovani  THM  i  HAA,  dok  se  bromovani  DBPformiraju u znatno nižim koncentracijama. Zastupljenost bromovanih DBP u temerinskoj vodije  znatno  veći  u  poređenju  sa  vodom  iz  Kikinde,  kao  rezultat  prisustva  veće  koncentracije bromida u sirovoj vodi (0,05±0,01 mg Br -/l Temerin; 0,03±0,01 mg Br-/l Kikinda). Ispitivanjem  uticaja  oksidacionih  procesa  (UV  fotolize,  ozonizacije,  oksidacije vodonik-peroksidom)  na  sadržaj  i  reaktivnost  POM  u  ispitivanim  vodenim  matriksima utvrđeno  je  da  tretman  vode  UV  zračenjem  i  vodonik-peroksidom,  kada  se  primenjuju  kao samostalan  tretman,  ne  pokazuju  značajnu  efikasnost  u  smanjenju  sadržaja  POM.Tretman vode  ozonom  se  pokazao  kao  veoma  efikasan  u  uklanjanju  POM  i  u  smanjenju  sadržaja prekursora  DBP  kod  svih  ispitivanih  vodenih  matriksa,  kao  rezultat  smanjenja  reaktivnosti POM  ka  formiranju  ovih  DBP.  Smanjenje  sadržaja  POM  u  vodi  tokom  tretmana  raste  sa povećanjem  primenjene  doze  ozona,  pri  čemu  se  najbolji  rezultati  postižu  pri  najvećoj primenjenoj  dozi  od  3,0  mg  O 3/mg  DOC  (do  32%  DOC,  92%  UV254 sintetički  matriks;  do 17%  DOC,  76%  UV 254  Kikinda;  do  15%  DOC  i  66%  UV254    Temerin).  U  sintetičkom matriksu  najveće  smanjenje  PFTHM  (za  76%)  i  PFHAA  (za  80%)  u  odnosu  na  sadržaj  u sirovoj vodi se postiže pri dozi od 1,0  mg O₃ /mg DOC. Najveće smanjenje PFTHM (za 38%)i PFHAA (za 42%) u vodi iz Kikinde postiže se pri dozi od 3,0 mg O ₃ /mg DOC. U vodi iz Temerina najveće smanjenje PFTHM (za  27%) je pri dozi od 3,0 mg O ₃ /mg DOC, dok se za smnjenje  PFHAA  (za  54%)  najbolje  pokazala  doza  od  1,0  mg  O3 /mg  DOC.  Sadržaj prekursora  HK  i  HAN  (temerinska  voda)  je  veoma  nizak  nakon  tretmana.  Tretman  vode ozonom  vodi  ka  formiranju  DBP  sa  više   supstituisanih  atoma  broma,  dok  u  vodama  sa srednjim sadržajem bromida (50 µg Br -/l) dovodi do formiranja bromata. Kombinacijom  ozonizacije  sa  UV  zračenjem  se  značajno  može  pospešiti  efiksnost uklanjanja  POM  postignuta  primenom  samostalne  ozonizacije.  Najveće  smanjenje  sadržaja POM u  sintetičkom matriksu (za 85% DOC, 98% UV254 i 87% SUVA), u vodi iz Kikinde (za23% DOC, 83% UV 254, 77% SUVA), i vodi iz Temerina (za 15% DOC, 80% UV254 i 75% SUVA), u odnosu na vrednosti u netretiranoj vodi postignuto je pri najvećoj primenjenoj dozi od  3,0  mg  O ₃ /mg  DOC  i  6000  mJ/cm 2 .  Efikasnost  procesa  raste  u  vodama  u  kojima preovladavaju  POM  veće  hidrofobnosti.  MeĎutim,  iako  se  O ₃ /UV  procesom  postiže  visok stepen  smanjenja  PFTHM  u  sintetičkom  matriksu  se  najbolje  pokazao  tretman  ozonom (1,0 mg  O3/mg  DOC),  dok  se  najveće  smanjenje  PFHAA  (82%)  postiže  pri  dozi  ozona  od 1,0 mg O_3/mg DOC i UV zračenja od 6000 mJ/cm ^{2 .} U vodi iz Kikinde se PFTHM smanjuje za 50% pri dozi od 3,0 mg O ₃/mg DOC i 6000 mJ/cm 2 , dok se u slučaju uklanjanja prekursoraHAA  ozonizacija  pokazala  kao  superiorniji  proces.  U  vodi  iz  Temerina  se  u  pogledu uklanjanja  prekursora  THM  i  HAA  ozonizacija  pokazala  kao  optimalan  proces.  Visok alkalitet  prirodnih  voda  inhibira  radikalski  mehanizam  u  toku  AOP  i  favorizuje  oksidaciju POM molekulskim ozonom.  Prekursori HK se formiraju u  veoma niskim koncentracijama i njihov sadržaj ne varira značajno tokom tretmana. U prirodnim matriksima tokom AOP pri dozi  ozona  od  3,0 mg  O₃ /mg  DOC  dolazi  do  formiranja  HAN,  međutim,  nije  uočen  jasan trend  sa  povećanjem  doze  UV  zračenja.  Tretman  doprinosi  formiranju  bromovanih  vrsta THM,  dok  se  tokom  AOP  pri  najvećoj  dozi  ozona  od  3,0 mg  O₃ /mg  DOC  formiraju bromovani HAN.Najveće  smanjenje  sadržaja  POM  primenom  kombinacije  oksidacije  sa  H ₂O₂i  UV zračenja u sintetičkom matriksu (za do 17% DOC, 70% UV 254 ), u vodi iz Kikinde (za do 22% DOC, 53% UV₂₅₄), i vodi iz Temerina (za do 7% DOC, 68% UV₂₅₄ ), u odnosu na vrednosti u sirovoj vodi, se postižu pri dozi H ₂O₂ i UV zračenja od 3,0 mg H₂O₂/mg DOC i 6000 mJ/cm ² .Najveće  smanjenje  PFTHM  od  54%  u  sintetičkom  matriksu  se  postiže  pri  dozi  od 0 mg H₂O₂/mg DOC i 6000 mJ/cm ² ,  dok se smanjenje PFHAA (za 35%)  postiže primenom doze vodonik-peroksida i UV zračenja od 1,0 mg H ₂O₂ /mg  DOC i 3000 mJ/cm ² . U vodi izKikinde  H₂O₂ /UV  proces  ne  utiče  značajno  na  sadržaj  prekursora  THM,  dok  se  najveće smanjenje  PFHAA  (za  35%)  postiže  pri  dozi  od  3,0  mg  H  ₂ O₂/mg  DOC  i  600  mJ/cm ² .H ₂ O₂ /UV  proces  dovodi  do  smanjenja  PFTHM  u  Temerinskoj  vodi  za  74%  pri  dozi  od 3,0 mg H₂O₂/mg DOC i 600 mJ/c m ² ,  dok primenjeni tretman ne pokazuje značajan uticaj naPFHAA.  Prekursori HK su detektovani u sintetičkom matriksu i temerinskoj vodi u niskim koncentracijama.  U  temerinskoj  vodi  nakon  AOP  pri  dozi  vodonik-peroksida  od 3,0 mg H₂O₂ /mg DOC dolazi  do formiranja HAN i hlorpikrina. Primenjeni tretman vodi ka formiranju bromovanih DBP. Svi rezultati dobijeni u toku istraživanja ukazuju na neophodnost optimizacije procesa u  tretmanu  ispitivanih  vodenih  matriksa  i  određivanja  optimalnog  procesa uzimajući  u  obzirkarakteristika  sirove  vode  i  efikasnost  koja  se  želi  postići.Kombinacijom  dva  i  više konvencionalnih  tretmana  i  optimizacijom  reakcionih  uslova  može  se  postići  visoka efikasnost uklanjanja POM, kao i ciljano uklanjanje prekursorskog materijala odabranih DBP, međutim  tretman  vode  ozonom  pri  dozi  od  1,0 mg  O₃/mg  DOC  se  pokazao  kao  optimalan proces.
The aim of the research  of  this  PhD thesis  was  to determine the effects of various oxidation processes based on ozone, hydrogen peroxide and UV irradiation on the content and reactivity of natural organic matter  (NOM)  in different water matrices. The  tests were carried out  on  a)  groundwater  from  the  territory  of  Kikinda  and  Temerin  (natural  matrix)  and  b) synthetic aqueous matrix (solution of commercially available humic  acid), which differ in the composition  and  structure  of  NOM  present  and  the  content  of  bromide.  For  the  oxidation process  (ozonation,  UV  photolysis,  oxidation  with  H 2O2 ,  combined  O 3 /UV  process  and combined  H 2O2 /UV  process),  the  influence  of  different  doses  of  oxidants  and  reaction conditions  was  examined  individually.  Particular  attention  was  paid  to  the  influence  of  the above treatment on the formation of inorganic bromate, as well as the effect on the content of precursors of disinfectant by-products after chlorination (THM, HAA, HAN, HK and CP).Analysis  of  the  chemical  parameters  of  the  synthetic  matrix  (5.44±0.30  mg  C/L; 0.255±0.015 cm -1 ;  4.68±0.41  lm -1 mg -1 )  shows  that  the  high-hydrophobic  humic  compounds predominate in this water. Also, high NOM content of predominantly hydrophobic character was recorded in Kikinda water (5.170.72 mg C/L; 0.2010.001 cm -1 ;  3.88±0.70 lm -1 mg -1 ), while  NOM  content  in  raw  water  from  Temerin  (2.060.38  mg  C/L;  0.0500.001  cm -1 ; 2.43±0.21 lm -1 mg -1 ) significantly lower and predominate NOM of hydrophilic character. A higher degree of hydrophobicity of the synthetic matrix in comparison with  natural matrices, resulted in higher reactivity of organic matter with chlorine, which can be concluded on  the  basis  of  high  PFDBP  values  after  chlorination.  The  PFTHM  value  in  the  synthetic matrix  was  544±85.9 µg/L, while the PFTHM in the raw waters from Kikinda and Temerin was  significantly  lower  (279±32.3  and  180±44.0  µg/L,  respectively).  The  PFHAA  value  in the  synthetic  matrix  was  484±77.5  µg/L,  while  PFHAA  in  the  Kikinda  water  was 223 244±11.1 µg/L  and in  the  Temerin  water  was  165±32.5 µg/L.  The content of  precursors of HK  (8.05±3.63  µg/L  synthetic  matrix;  14.91.38  µg/L  Kikinda;  7.400.25  µg/L  Temerin) was  significantly  lower  compared  to  precursors  of  THMs  and  HAAs,  while  precursors  of HANs  and  chloropicrin  were  not  detected  in  raw  water.  The  by- products  that  were predominantly  formed  in  all  the  tested  water  matrices  were  chlorinated  THMs  and  HAAs, while the brominated DBPs  were  formed at substantially lower concentrations. The presence of  brominated DBPs  in  Temerine  water  were  significantly higher compared to Kikinda water as  a  result  of  the  presence  of  higher  bromide  content  in  raw  water  (0.05±0.01  mg  Br -/L Temerin; 0.03±0.01 mg Br -/L Kikinda). By  examining  the  influence  of  oxidation  processes  (UV  photolysis,  ozonation,hydrogen  peroxide  oxidation)  on  the  content  and  reactivity  of  NOM  in  the  tested  water matrix, it was  found that the UV  irradiation and  treatment by  hydrogen peroxide, when used as an independent treatment, did  not show significant efficacy in reducing the  NOM content. Water treatment by ozone  proved to be very effective in eliminating  NOM and reducing the content of DBP precursors in all tested water  matrices, as a result of the reduction of  NOM reactivity   to  the  formation  of  these  DBPs.  Reduction  of  NOM  content  in  water  during treatment increased  with increasing the applied dose of ozone, with the best results achieved at the highest dosage of  3.0 mg O 3/mg DOC  (up to 32% DOC, 92% UV 254  synthetic matrix, up  to  17%  DOC,  76%  UV 254 Kikinda,  up  to  15%  DOC  and  66%  UV254 Temerin).  In  the synthetic  matrix the highest reduction  in  PFTHM (76%) and PFHAA (by 80%)  compared to raw water content  was  achieved at a dosage  of 1.0 mg O 3/mg DOC. The highest reduction in PFTHM  (38%)  and  PFHAA  (42%)  in  Kikinda  water  was  achieved  at  a  dose  of 3.0 mg O3 /mg DOC. In Temerin water, the highest reduction in PFTHM (27%) was at a dose of  3.0 mg O 3/mg DOC, while the dose of 1.0  mg O3 /mg  DOC  was best shown for removing PFHAA (by 54%). The content of the precursors of HKs and HANs (Temerin water) was very low  after  treatment.  Water  treatment  by  ozone  led  to  the  formation  of  DBPs  with  more substituted bromine atoms, while in waters with a mean bromide content (50 μg Br -/L) led  to bromate formation.Combination of ozonation with UV irradiation can greatly accelerate the effectiveness of  NOM  removal  achieved  by  the  use  of  ozonation  alone.  The  highest  reduction  in  NOM content in the synthetic matrix (by 85% DOC, 98% UV 254 and 87% SUVA), in Kikinda water (by 23%  DOC, 83% UV 254 , 77% SUVA) and water from Temerin (by 15% DOC, 80% UV 254 and 75% SUVA), compared to the values in  raw  water, was achieved at the highest  dose of 3.0  mg  O 3 /mg  DOC  and  6000  mJ/cm 2 .  The  efficiency  of  the  process  was  growing  in  the waters where NOM predominates of hydrophobicity. Although the O 3 /UV process achieved a high  degree  of  reduction  in  PFTHM  in  the  synthetic  matrix  the  ozonation (1.0 mg O3 /mg DOC)  was  proved  as  more  efficient,  while  the  highest  reduction  in  PFHAA (82%)  was  achieved  at  a  ozone  dose  of  1.0  mg  O 3/mg  DOC  and  UV  irradiation  of 6000 mJ/cm 2 . In the water from Temerin,  in case to removal of precursors of THM and HAA, ozonation  was proved  to be an optimal process. High alkalinity of natural waters  inhibits the radical   mechanism  during  AOP  and  favors  NOM  oxidation  with  molecular  ozone.  HKs precursors were formed at very low concentrations and their content did not vary significantly during  the  treatment.  In  natural  matrices  during  the  AOP  at  a  ozone   dose  of 3.0 mg O3 /mgDOC, HANs  were  formed, however, there  was  no clear trend with increasing UV irradiation. The treatment contributed to the formation of brominated THM species, while during  the  AOPs,  brominated  HANs  were  formed  at  the  maximum  dose  of  ozone  of 3.0 mg O3/mg DOC. 224 The largest decrease in  NOM content by the combination of oxidation with H2O2 and UV irradiation in the synthetic matrix (for up to 17% DOC, 70% UV 254 ), in Kikinda water (up to 22% DOC, 53% UV 254), and water from Temerin  (7% DOC, 68% UV 254 ), compared  to the values  in  raw  water,  were  obtained  at  a  dose  of  H 2O2 and  UV  irradiation  of 3.0 mg O3 /mg DOC  and 6000 mJ/cm 2 . The highest PFTHM reduction of 54% in the  synthetic matrix was achieved at a dosage of 1.0 mg H2O2/mg DOC and 6000 mJ/cm 2 , while a decrease in  PFHAA  (35%)  was  achieved  using  a  dose  of  hydrogen  peroxide  and  UV  irradiation  of 1.0 mg H2O2/mg DOC and 3000 mJ/cm 2 . In the water from Kikinda, the H2O2 /UV process did not significantly affect on the THM precursors content, while the highest reduction in PFHAA (35%)  was  achieved  at  a  dose  of  3.0  mg  H2O2/mg  DOC  and  600  mJ/cm 2 .  The  H 2O2 /UV process  led  to  a  decrease  in  PFTHM  in  the  Temerin  water  by  74%  at  a  dose  of 3.0 mg  2O2 /mg  DOC  and  600  mJ/cm 2 ,  whereas  the  treatment  applied  had  no  significant effect on PFHAA. HKs precursors were detected in synthetic matrix and the Temerin water at low  concentrations.  In  the  water  after  the  AOP  at  a  dose  of  3.0  mg  H 2O2 /mg  DOC  of hydrogen  peroxide,  HANs  and  chloropicrin  were  formed.  The  applied  treatment  led  to  the formation of brominated DBPs.All the results obtained during the research indicate the necessity of optimization  the process  in  the  treatment  of  the  examined  water  matrices  and  determination  of  the  optimal process taking into account the characteristics of  raw water and the efficiency to be achieved. By combining two or more conventional treatments and optimizing the reaction conditions, high  NOM removal efficiency can be achieved, as well as removal of the  targeted  precursor material  of  the  selected  DBPs,  but  the  treatment  of  ozone  water  at  a  dose  of 1.0 mg O3 /mg DOC was proved to be an optimal process.

This thesis carried out an analysis of various aspects of liability for defects in the contract of sale under the New Civil Code. The text discusses general liability and displays special treatment contracts. The thesis includes a division of defects, deals with a liability for defects focused on the sale contract and a contract for work. Further specification party beneficiary rights of defective performance and other rights to the settlement of total loss. There are given rights principles and procedures of the defects of the complaint procedure. The text contains rules on liability for defects in international trade. The thesis is the comparison of new and old legislation, the most significant changes and an overview of the consequences of changes to the consumer.

This diploma thesis analyses and elaborates a methodical tool for evaluating the advantage of realization of construction of road infrastructure in the form of a PPP project. Furthermore this tool is subsequent applied to a particular project. The introductory part summarizes the basic theoretical knowledge regarding the project financing in the form of public-private partnerships. In the following part, a methodological tool for comparing the value for money based on different methods of realization. In the last part of the diploma thesis, this methodical tool is applied to a specific project, including a basic feasibility study.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse legal regulation of liability for defects and guarantee in Czech civil code and to elaborate problematic paragraphs of this area of law. Thesis defines general regulation, specific regulation for separate contracts and also specialities of consumer law according to civil codes no. 40/1964 and no. 89/2012. There are defined principles of liability for defects and guarantee liability, rights from liability for defects and complaint procedure. Thesis also contains comparision of Czech legal regulation with the English one. Law of European Union is added too, there is summarized the accuracy and suitability of implementation of European directive no. 1999/44/ES into the Czech Civil Code.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to solve a particular problem via methods and instruments of multi-criteria decision-making under risk -- the choice of a suitable location of a swimming pool in the city of Písek. Every single phase of the decision-making process is described in the theoretical part of the thesis and followed in the practical part. The process was divided into stages: the problem specification, setting objectives, determination of the importance of the criteria, generation of alternatives and identification of their consequences, determination the significance of the risk factors, the probability of their occurrence, setting the impacts of the risk alternatives, evaluation of the alternatives and the choice of the most desirable one, potential threats and opportunities analysis. The theoretical part consists of a review of methods suitable for the given phase. More in-detail focus is put on the methods used in the practical part. To sum up, the diploma thesis provide the reader with the recommendation of the most appropriate location for the construction of the swimming pool. Additionally, it identifies the most important threats and opportunities related to this preference.

Diplomová práce "Strategické rozhodování o investičním projektu Kasárna Slatina" je zaměřena na využití metod rozhodovací analýzy při řešení rozhodovacího problému v rámci revitalizace armádního brownfield Kasárna Slatina. V teoretické části je vysvětlena základní terminologie, metody a postupy, které se vztahují k problematice řešeného rozhodovacího problému. V praktické části je řešeno závažné strategické rozhodnutí spojené s otázkou rozvoje konkrétní brněnské lokality. Na základě použitých postupů je v souladu s rozhodovací metodikou navrženo optimální rozhodnutí.

The aim is to legal, accounting and tax business analysis forms the transition from the individual to company with limited liability and choosing the best option based on the decision matrix for the company. On the base of theoretical frameworks derive recommendations for solving the problems of transition to individual limited liability company in practice.

Cilj  ove  doktorske  disertacije  je  bio  razvoj  brzih  i  pouzdanih  voltametrijskih  metoda zasnovanih na primeni jednostavnih i savremenih elektroda/senzora na bazi ugljeničnih materijala (ugljenične  paste  napravljene  od  grafitnog  praha  i  parafinskog  ulja  i  štampanih  ugljeničnih elektroda)  za  određivanje  H ₂O₂ u  odabranim  složenim  model  i  realnim  uzorcima.  U  tu  svrhu, ispitana je primenljivost različitih radnih elektroda. Amperometrijska  metoda  zasnovana  na  elektrodi  od  ugljenične  paste  (CPE)  zapreminski modifikovane  sa  5%  (m:m)  MnO2 je,  pri  optimizovanim  uslovima  i  pri  radnom  potencijalu  od 0,40 V  u  odnosu  na  zasićenu  kalomelovu  elektrodu  (ZKE)  u  fosfatnom  puferu  pH  7,50  kao pomoćnom elektrolitu, omogućila kvantifikaciju H ₂O₂ u opsegu koncentracija od 1,4 do 65 µg mL -1 sa  relativnom  standardnom  devijacijom  (RSD)  manjom  od  10%.  Ova  metoda  je  primenjena  za određivanje sadržaja H ₂O₂ u uzorcima podzemne vode iz centralnog Banata (Pokrajina Vojvodina, Srbija)  tretirane  Fentonovim  (Fe ²⁺ i  H ₂O₂ )  i  Fentonu-sličnim  (Fe ³⁺ i  H ₂O₂ )  reagensima  u  cilju uklanjanja  prirodnih  organskih  materija  (POM)  pri  čemu  su  korišćene  različite  početne koncentracije  gvožđa  i  različiti  odnosi  molarnih  koncentracija  gvožđa  i  H ₂O₂ .  Utvrđeno  je  da oksidaciono  stanje  gvožđe  (Fe ²⁺ ili  Fe ³⁺)  i  molarni  odnos  jona  Fe  i  H ₂O₂ utiču  na  stepen potrošnje/razgradnje  H ₂O₂u  podzemnoj  vodi  sa  visokim  sadržajem  POM.  Takođe,  u  slučaju Fentonu-sličnog  procesa,  za  sve  početne  koncentracije  Fe ³⁺ i  H ₂O_{2 ,}  signifikantna  količina  H ₂O₂ ostaje  neiskorišćena,  što  ukazuje  na  nižu  efikasnost  ovakvog  sistema u  poređenju  sa  Fentonovim procesom.Štampana  ugljenična  elektroda  (SPCE)  zapreminski  modifikovana  sa  MnO 2 kao medijatorom  je  primenjena  za  određivanje  sadržaja  H ₂O₂ u  toku  Fentonovog  (Fe ²⁺ ,  H₂O₂ )  i vidljivom  svetlošću  potpomognutog  foto-Fentonovog  (Fe ²⁺ ,  H ₂O₂ ,  hν)  procesa  uklanjanja neonikotinoidnog  insekticida  acetamiprida  (ACT).  Pri  optimizovanim  uslovima  (radni  potencijal 0,40  V  u  odnosu  na  ZKE,  fosfatni  pufer  pH  7,50  kao  pomoćni  elektrolit)  amperometrijskog određivanja  H ₂O₂ ,  postignuta  je  linearnost  u  opsegu  koncentracija  0,01–1,24  mmol  L-1(0,34– 42,2 µg mL -1) i vrednost RSD nije prelazila 4,2%. U ispitivanimuzorcima (nakon odgovarajućegpodešavanja pH vrednosti od 2,8 do 7,5 odmah nakon  uzorkovanja radi stopiranja ili maksimalnog usporavanja  procesa  oksidacije,  filtriranja,  zamrzavanja  i  odmrzavanja  neposredno  pre  merenja) sadržaj  H ₂O₂ je  određen  metodom  standardnog  dodatka  analiziranjem  odgovarajućih amperometrijskih  krivi.  Paralelna  HPLC-DAD  merenja  su  vršena  u  cilju  praćenja koncentracije/uklanjanja ACT. U slučaju foto-Fentonovog procesa (početne koncentracije 0,31; 2,0 i 3,0 mmol L -1 (70,0; 111,7 i 102,1 µg mL -1 ) za ACT, Fe²⁺ i H ₂O₂, redom) nakon 10 min H ₂O₂ je izreagovao, a može se smatrati da je ACT uklonjen nakon 5 min. U toku Fentonovog procesa ACT je  uklonjen  nakon  20  min  tretmana  i  oko  10%  početne  koncentracije  H ₂O₂ je  ostalo  u  sistemuneiskorišćeno.CPE  je  površinski  modifikovane  kompozitom  na  bazi  nanočestica  Pt  (<  5  nm)  i grafitizovanog  ugljenika  (Pt-C,  10%  Pt  na  Vulkanu  XC72)   etodom  nanošenja  kapi. Nemodifikovana  CPE  i  modifikovana  (Pt-C/CPE)  su   okarakterisane  primenom  SEM/EDS  i  CV merenja.  Pt-C/CPE  je  pokazala  izuzetne  elektrokatalitičke  osobine  u  pogledu  elektrohemijskeredoks  reakcije  H₂O₂ u  poređenju  sa  nemodifikovanom  CPE  u  fosfatnom  puferu  (0,1 mol  L -1 ;pH 7,50),  a  takođe  i  u  acetatnom  puferu  (0,1  mol  L -1 ;  pH  4,50)  kao   pomoćnim  elektrolitima. Prilikom  amperometrijskog  određivanja  H ₂O₂ primenom  Pt-C/CPE  u  model  sistemima, zadovoljavajuća linearnost je postignuta u koncentracionom opseguH₂O₂od 0,15 do 1,45 µg mL -1 ,dok su vrednosti GO iznosile 0,06 µg mL -1 (pH 7,50, radni potencijal 0,20 V) i 0,10 µg mL -1 (pH4,50,  radni  potencijal  0,50  V).  Optimizovane  analitičke  metode  su  primenjene  za  određivanje sadržaja H ₂O₂ u komercijalno dostupnim proizvodima za ličnu negu: rastvoru za dezinfekciju (pH 7,50)  i  rastvoru  za  čišćenje  kontaktnih  sočiva  (pH  4,50).  Amperometrijski  dobijeni  rezultati  su  u dobrom  slaganju  sa  rezultatima  dobijenim  primenom  tradicionalne  spektrofotometrijske  metode bazirane  na  titanijum-sulfatu  kao  reagensu  sa  određenim  koncentracijama  2,91%  i  2,94%  zadezinfekcioni rastvor i 3,04% i 3,17% za rastvor zakontaktna sočiva, redom. RSD je bila manja od 2%.  Postignuti  rezultati  su  u  dobrom  slaganju  sa  sadržajem  H₂O₂ deklarisanim  od  strane proizvođača (3%) u oba ispitivana uzorka. Pt-C/CPE je takođe testirana za praćenje koncentracije H₂O₂ u rastvoru za kontaktna sočiva u toku procesa njegove neutralizacije/razgradnje. Nakon 6 h procesa neutralizacije, 24,68  µg mL -1 je bila određena koncentracija H ₂O_{2 ,} što je ispod dozvoljeneH₂O₂ koncentracije u rastvoru za kontaktna sočiva imajući u vidu granicu koja izaziva iritaciju oka. CPE  je  površinski  modifikovana  višezidnim  ugljeničnim  nanocevima  (MWCNT)  i kompozitima MnO 2 -MWCNT ili Pt-MWCNT metodom nanošenja kapi radi pripreme jednostavnih, osetljivih i pouzdanih voltametrijskih senzora za  određivanje H ₂O₂ u odabranom uzorku. Rezultati SEM/EDS  analize  kompozitnih  materijala  su  potvrdili da  su  medijatori,  čestice  MnO 2 i  Pt, nasumično  raspoređeni na površini MWCNT i zastupljeni sa blizu 5% (m:m) u kompozitu izraženopreko Mn i Pt. CV merenja su vršena sa pripremljenim radnim elektrodama u acetatnom (pH 4,50), fosfatnom  (pH  7,50)  i  boratnom  (pH  9,18)  puferu  kako  bi  se  okarakterisalo  osnovno elektrohemijsko  ponašanje  H ₂O₂ i  odabrali  pogodni  radni  potencijali  za  amperometrijsko određivanje ovog ciljnog analita. Pt- WCNT/CPE je primenljiva za rad kako u fosfatnom puferu pH  7,50  tako  i  u  acetatnom  puferu  pH  4,50  V  kako  pri  negativnim  tako  i  pri  pozitivnim  radnimpotencijalima, pri  čemu su vrednosti RSD uglavnom ispod 2,5%. U slučaju MnO 2-MWCNT/CPE, na  potencijalu  0,30  V  i  višim  vrednostima,  oksidacioni  signali  H₂O₂ su  signifikantni  u  blago alkalnoj sredini (pH 7,50), pri pH 4,50 ova elektroda pokazuje nezadovoljavajuće ponašanje, dok  pri pH 9,18 ima prihvatljive performanse. Granice određivanja (GO) su bile u oblasti µg mL -1 . H ₂O₂ je  određen  u  spajkovanom  uzorku  mleka  metodom  standardnog  dodatka  nakon  odgovarajuće pripreme  uzorka  (pH  podešavanje  i  centrifugiranje)  i  primenom  optimizovane  amperometrijske procedure (acetatni pufer pH 4,50, radni  potencijal-0,75 V) koristeći Pt-MWCNT/CPE kao radnu elektrodu. RSD za tri  ponovljena merenja je iznosila 2,5%, dok je prinos metode bio nešto veći od 71%.Kompozitni materijali koji se sastoje od MWCNT i  čestica na bazi Pd (Pd-MWCNT) ili Pt (Pt-MWCNT) su primenjeni za pripremu zapreminski modifikovanih SPCE (Pd-MWCNT-SPCE i Pt-MWCNT-SPCE)  i  površinski  modifikovane  SPCE  (Pd-MWCNT/SPCE).  Ove  elektrode,  kao  i nemodifikovana  SPCE  i  MWCNT-SPCE,  su  okarakterisane primenom  CV  i  amperometrije  u fosfatnom puferu pH 7,50 radi određivanja H ₂O₂ . Pd-MWCNT-SPCE i Pd-MWCNT/SPCE su se pokazale  pogodnim  za  određivanje  H ₂O₂ na  radnim  potencijalima  između  -0,50  i  0,50  V,  a  PtMWCNT-SPCE na ispitivanim radnim potencijalima od -0,80 do 0,70 V. Ove  elektrode su zatim modifikovane  enzimom  glukoza  oksidazom  (GOx)  metodom  nanošenja  kapi  rastvora  GOx  i Nafion ® -a  na  njihovu  površinu,  pri  čemu  je  optimizovana  količina  nanetog  biofilma.  GOx/PdMWCNT-SPCE  je  pokazala  bolje  analitičke  performanse  za  određivanje  glukoze  u  poređenju  sa GOx/Pd- WCNT/SPCE.  Kao  optimalan  radni  potencijal  GOx/Pd-MWCNT-SPCE  je  odabranavrednost  potencijala  -0,40  V  u  odnosu  na  ZKE,  sa  zadovoljavajućom  linearnošću  u  ispitivanom opsegu  koncentracija  glukoze  od  0,16  do  0,97  mmol  L -1 (od  29,1  do  174  µg  mL -1),  dok  je  GO iznosila 0,14 mmol L -1 (25 µg mL-1 ). Optimizovana metoda zasnovana na GOx/Pd-MWCNT-SPCE je  uspešno  primenjena  za  određivanje  glukoze  u  uzorku  livadskog  meda.  Dobijeni  rezultati  su  u dobroj  saglasnosti  sa  onima  dobijenim  primenom  komercijalno  dostupnog  aparata  za  merenje glukoze. Pogodan radni potencijal za GOx/Pt-MWCNT-SPCE je bio -0,50 V u odnosu na ZKE, pri čemu je zadovoljavajuća linearnost postignuta u ispitivanom opsegu koncentracija glukoze od 65,8 do 260,6 µg mL -1 , sa GO 35 µg mL -1 . Optimizovana metoda zasnovana na GOx/Pt-MWCNT-SPCE je  uspešno  primenjena  za  određivanje  glukoze  u  u  uzorku  belog  grožđa  i  uzorku  tableta (Traubenzucker-bonbons),  pri  čemu  su  dobijeni  rezultati  u  dobroj  saglasnosti  sa  rezultatima dobijenim primenom Accu-Chek aparata.Na  osnovu  dobijenih  rezultata  može  se  zaključiti  da  su  razvijene  analitičke  metode  pre svega jednostavne, pouzdane i pogodne za dobijanje brzih informacija o sadržaju H ₂O₂ u različitim tipovima  uzoraka.  Svakako  odabir  pogodne  radne  elektrode,  kao  i  optimizacija  eksperimentalnih uslova su ključni faktori za uspešno određivanje H ₂O₂
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The aim of this doctoral dissertation was the development of fast and reliable voltammetric methods  based  on  the  application  of  simple  and  contemporary  electrodes/sensors  based  on carbonaceous materials (carbon paste made of graphite powder and paraffin oil and screen printed carbon electrodes) for the determination of H  ₂ O₂ in the selected complex model and real samples.For this purpose, applicability of different working electrodes was investigated.The  amperometric  method  based  on  carbon  paste  electrode  (CPE)  bulk- modified     with 5% (m:m) MnO 2 , under optimized conditions, with a working potential of 0.40 V vs. the saturated calomel  elect rode  (SCE)  and  a  phosphate  buffer  solution  (pH  7.50)  as  supporting  electrolyte, enabled the quantitation of H  ₂ O₂in the concentration interval from 1.4 to 65 µg mL −1 with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 10%. This meth od was applied for the determination of the H ₂ O₂ consumption  in  samples  of  groundwater  fro m  the  Central  Banat  region  (Province  of Vojvodina, Serbia) treated by the Fenton (Fe ²⁺ and H ₂O₂ ) and Fenton-  like (Fe ³⁺and H ₂O₂ ) reagents to remove natural organic matter (NOM) at  differentinitial concentrations of iron species, and of their molar ratios to the initial concentration of H₂O₂ . It was found that the form of Fe (Fe ²⁺ or Fe ³⁺ )and the molar  ratio to H ₂O₂influenced the degree of the H ₂O₂ decomposition in the groundwater with high NOM content. Besides, in the case of the Fenton-like process, for all initial doses of Fe ³⁺ and H  ₂ O₂, a sign ificant amount of H  ₂ O₂ remained unused, whi ch also indicates a lower efficiency of such system compared to the Fenton process. Screen  printed  carbon  electrode  (SPCE)  bulk-modified  with  MnO  ₂ as  a  mediator  was applied  for  amperometric  determination  of  the  H  ₂ O₂ content  during  the  Fenton  (Fe ²⁺ ,  H  ₂ O₂ )  and  visible  light-assisted ,  photo-Fenton  (Fe ²⁺  ,  H  ₂ O₂ ,  hν)   based  removal  of  neonicotinoid  insecticide acetamiprid (ACT). Under  optimized conditions (working potential of 0.40 V vs. SCE, phosphate buffer  pH  7.50  as  supporting  electrolyte)  amperometric  determination  of  H  ₂ O₂ showed  a  linear dynamic range from 0.01 to 1.24 mmol L -1 (from 0.34 to 42.2 µg mL -1) and the RSD did not exceed 4.2%. In the investigated samples (after appropriate pH adjustment from 2.8 to 7.5 instantly after the sampling  to stop or maximum decelerate the oxidation processes, filtering, and storage of the deep- frozen sample with defrosting immediately before the measurements) the H  ₂ O₂  contents were determined by the standard addition method by analyzing the corresponding amperometric curves. Parallel HPLC-DAD measurements were performed to monito r the concentration/removal of ACT. In the case of the photo- Fenton process (initial concentrations: 0.31; 2.0 and 3.0 mmol L -1 (70.0; 111.7 and 102.1 µg mL -1 ) of ACT, Fe ²⁺ and H  ₂ O₂, respec tively) after 10 min of irradiation H  ₂ O₂ was  consumed  and  it  can  be  consi dered  that  ACT  was  removed  after  5  min.  During  the  Fenton process ACT was removed after 20 min of treatment and around 10% of the initial concentration of the H 2O2 remained still unused.CPE  was  surface  modified  with  a  composite  of  Pt  nanoparticles  (<  5  nm)  on  graphitized carbon (Pt-C, 10% Pt on Vulcan XC72) by simply dropcoating method. The unmodified CPE and the  modified  one  (Pt-C/CPE)  were  characterized  by   EM/EDS  and  CV  measurements.  The  PtC/CPE showed remarkable electrocatalytic propertiestoward the electrochemical redox reaction of H ₂ O₂ compared to  modified CPE in phosphate buffer (0.1 mol L -1 ; pH 7.50), as well in acetatebuffer  (0.1 mol  L -1 ; pH .50) supporting  electrolytes. Amperometry of  H2O2 in the concentration range from 0.15 to 1.45 µg mL -1 with the Pt-C/CPE showed acceptable linearity, while the obtained values of LOQs were 0.06 µg mL -1  (pH 7.50, working potential 0.20 V) and 0.10 µg mL -1 (pH 4 .50, working potential 0.50 V). The proposed analytical  methods were applied to the determination of the H 2O2 content in commercially available personal care products; i.e., disinfection (pH 7.50) and contact lens cleaning solutions (pH 4.50). The obtained amperometric results are in good agreement with those measured by traditional titanium sulfatereagent based spectrophotometric method with determined concentrations as 2.91% and 2.94%  for the disinfection product, and 3.04% and 3.17% for the contact lens solution, respectively. RSD was lower than 2%. The obtained results are in a good agreement with the amounts of the H  ₂ O₂ declared by producers (3%) in the both investigated samples. The Pt-C/CPE was also tested for monitoring of the H  ₂ O₂ residual concentration in contact lens  solution  during  its  neutralization/decomposition  rocess.  At  6  h  of   neutralization  treatment 24.68 µg mL -1 of the H  ₂ O₂ was  determined which is almost half of the allowedH2 O2 concentration in the case of the contact lens solution concerningthe limit of eye irritation. CPE  was  surface   modified  with  multiwalled  carbon  nanotubes  (MWCNT)  and  with composites of MnO ₂ -MWCNT or Pt-MWCNT by drop coating method to prepare simply, sensitive and reliable volta mmetric sensors for the determination of H  ₂ O₂ in selected sample. The results of the  SEM/ EDS  analysis  of  composite  materials  have  confirmed  that  the  mediators,  MnO ₂ and  Pt  articles, are randomly distributed on the surface of MWCNT and represent nearly 5% (m:m) of the composite expressed as Mn and Pt. CV measurements were performed  with prepared electrodes in acetate  (pH  4.50),  phosphate  (pH  7.50)  and  borate  (pH  9.18)  buffers  to  characterize  the  basic electrochemical  behavior  of  H  ₂ O₂ and  to  select  the  working  potentials  suitable  for  amperometric determination  of  this  target  analyte.  The  Pt-MWCNT/CPE  performs  well  in  phosphate  buffer pH .50 and acetate buffer solution pH 4.50 in the  negative as well as in the positive polarization range with RSD mainly lower than 2.5%. In case of MnO ₂ -MWCNT/CPE at  0.30 V and above the H ₂ O₂ oxidation signal is rem arkable in slightly alkaline media (pH 7.50), at pH 4.50 this electrode showed poor behavior and at pH 9.18 offered acceptable performance. LOQs were in the µg mL -1 concentration  range.  H ₂ O₂ was  determined  in  a  spiked  milk  sample  by  standard addition  method after  appropriate  sample  preparation  (pH  adjustment and  centrifugation)  and  using  optimized amperometric p rocedure (acetate buffer pH 4.50, working potential -0.75 V) by Pt-MWCNT/CPE as a working electrode. RSD for three repeated measurements was 2.5%, while the recovery of the method was a bit higher than 71%. The  composite  materials  consisting  of  MWCNT  and  Pd  (Pd-MWCNT)  or  Pt  containing particles  (Pt-WCNT)  were  applied  to  the  preparation  of  bulk- modified  SPCEs  (Pd-MWCNTSPCE and Pt-MWCNT-SPCE) and surface modifiedSPCE (Pd- MWCNT/SPCE). These electrodes, as well as unmodified SPCE and MWCNT-SPCE,  were characterized by CV and  amperometry  in phosphate  buffer  solution  of  pH  7.50  for  the  H  ₂ O₂ determination.  Pd-MWCNT-SPCE  and  PdMWCNT/SPCEare convenient for the etermination of H 2O2 at working potentials from -0.50 to 0.50 V, and Pt-MWCNT-SPCE at investigated working potentials in the range from -0.80 to 0.70 V. These electrodes were then modified with glucose  oxidase (GOx) by drop coating a solution of GOxand Nafion ® on their surface, whereby the applied amount of biococktail was optimized. GOx/PdMWCNT-SPCE  showed  better  analytical  performance  for  glucose  determination  in  comparison with  GOx/Pd-MWCNT/SPCE.  The  optimal  working  potential  for  GOx/Pd-MWCNT- SPCE  was -0.40 V vs. SCE and  satisfactory linearity was obtained in the investigated glucose concentration range from 0.16 to 0.97 mmol L -1 (from 29.1 to 174  µg mL -1 ), hile the LOQ was 0.14 mmol L -1 (25 µg mL -1 ). The optimized method based on GOx/Pd-MWCNT-SPCE was successfully applied to the determination of glucose in multifloral honey sample.  The results are in a good agreement with those  obtained by commercially available equipment for determination of glucose. Optimal working potential  for  GOx/Pt-MWCNT-SPCE  was  -0.50  V  vs.  SCE,  and  the   satisfactory  linearity  was obtained in the investigated concentration range ofglucose from 65.8 to 260.6  µg mL -1 , with LOQ of 35  µg mL -1 . The optimized method based on GOx/Pt- MWCNT-SPCE was successfully applied for determination of glucose in white grape and glucose tablets (Traubenzucker-bonbons) samples, whereby  the  obtained  results  were  in  a  good  agreement  with  the  results  obtained  by  Accu-Chek device. Based on the results, the developed analytical methods are first of all simple, reliable and suitable  for  obtaining  fast  information  about  the  content  of  H ₂O₂ in  different  types  of  samples. Certainly the selection of a suitable working electrode, as well as the optimization of experimental conditions are key factors for the successful determination of H₂O₂ .

碩士
輔仁大學
景觀設計學系碩士班
94
The rear area of the Ministry of Railway which outside the Beimen (the ancient Northern City Gate of Taipei City) was the quarter of its employees during the Japanese Occupation, and it was used continuously as the living quarter since the Kuomintang government moved to Taiwan to date, in addition, the primary users for this area were the veterans who are the followers of the Kuomintang government. Due to yearn for their hometowns, those veterans who originated from Mainland China brought up their original dietary cultures to Taiwan which also lead to the formation of a well-known far and wide, the so-called Beef Noodle Street where located at the Lane 38 of Zhengzhou Rd.; furthermore, it will be proposed unavoidably while the newspapers and magazines mentioning the famous Beef Noodle. Except for its unique commercial activities that always attracted people to visit this area, the local aged buildings and residences that made of bricks and wood also become a strong contrast to its surrounding areas, alike a country site in this big city, a detached zone where located at the high-rise concrete jungle. Compared with other areas with tall buildings in this big city, it has less oppression but more friendliness, in addition, its building type and street standard allowed to be maintained to date without dismantling by following the trend of urban renovation due to its unique historic background and environmental condition in this area. As for the geographical region, it located within the planning range of the Taipei Railway Station special planning zone, where adjacent to the Ximen Commercial Circle and Dadaocheng Commercial Circle etc., commercial zones, however, it hasn’t been renovated with following its peripheral commercial activities. In addition, from another viewpoint of its urban landscape, this area was surrounded by the Zhengzhou Rd., Tacheng St., Zhongxiao E. Rd., and Xining N. Rd., there are Zhongxiao Bridge and the Elevate Bridge of Civil Blvd. on the south-north strike of this area, and it also is the gateway of entering Taipei City for the Sanchong City (Taipei County) or other regions, it, as well as, plays a role in the Image of Urban Population; however, due to its aged buildings and residences, even some of them were already inapplicable, and the damaged buildings and dense weeds that also resulted in the filthy, messy and disordered integral landscape. Thus, in September 2002, within his national policy issue, the committee member, Mr. Chang Lung-Shen of the Policy Committee of the Sustainable Development Division of the National Policy Foundation was mentioned that: too many damaged and shabby Japanese-style houses and residences located on the Taipei City areas, without any repair, renovation and management, which already become one obstacle to the urban development for Taipei City, it also tortured our people’s vision as well for a long time. We may faintly view the passing features within those disordered landscapes, the shops/stores that faced with the main roads, damaged roadways, disordered plantation and burned down buildings are seemed to tell about its history and bygone days, but, as to those people who arrived and resided at these areas, they are already got used to such environment these areas provided, and their selfishness with making their own benefits which also caused the filthiness and mess to the original environment, and the urban issue as well. It has been more than three decades for the commercial activities that have developed to the present formation of the so-called Beef Noodle Street from selling steamed buns in this area, however, the local commercial activities haven’t brought up the development but caused the filthy environment instead, furthermore, its filthiness and disorder already suppressed the original intention of its formation that made people only focused on its filthiness, as well as incurred a disagreeable appellation of “Blind Gut—the Monzhang Ganah”. In addition, the lands of such area possessed higher value of economic development, but many areas within this site were shelved as useless lands or wastelands with lush weeds, even they will be jeopardized the main structures of many aged and damaged buildings, the authorities don’t have any plan to repair or reconstruct them. Nonetheless, during the process of modernization, its original living functions are already out of date, as well as the changes in its types of usages, with additional selfish behaviors of some local residents, aged buildings and improper repair and renovation that disordered the landscape in this area and also resulted in the obstruction for the urban development. This study is mainly focused on the key environmental issues and proposed the improvement planning for those landscape issues of public space---such as the traffic problem within this site, the planning of reconstructing the old Ministry of Railway (old quarter) into the hotel, the environment and sanitary problems of the areas over the Lane 38 of Zhengzhou Rd., etc.

碩士
法鼓文理學院
社會企業與創新碩士學位學程
106
The theme of this study is a Urban Aboriginal Care Plan by Charity. There are 3 pojects implemented by the Zhishan Taiwan Foundation: Wugu District Bertelley, the new village of Xizhi District, and the happy sweep. Based on a thorough literature review on Canada''s Demonstrating Value Workbook system, Socio-economic theory, the analysis of indigenous people''s care and development, and In-depth-interview with stakeholders. Overall benefits and impact by those projects. We found the problem for urban aboriginal people are the gap between rich and the poor, education gap, the unfair employment opportunities of indigenous women in urban. We suggest overview the projects and evaluate its impact as a reference for their implementation plans.

The introduction of user fees and surcharges for medicinal products and foods for special medical purposes is considered to be one of the steps preceding the implementation of health policy reform. As of 1 January 2008, four basic fees were introduced in the Czech healthcare system with the objective of reducing unnecessary demand and misuse of health care. The objective of my Diploma Thesis was to map and evaluate the effects of the introduction of user fees on patients{\crq} number of visits to outpatient specialists. Three main objectives were formulated during my work on this thesis. The first objective was to provide a coherent overview of the issues related to the introduction and use of fees introduced on 1 January 2008 for outpatient specialists. The second objective was to compare patients{\crq} rate of visits to outpatient specialists with the year 2007. The third objective was to evaluate whether the patients{\crq} number of visits to outpatient specialists decreased in relation to age, gender, care provided, and kind of disease. Subsequently, four hypotheses were formulated. Hypothesis 1: The patients{\crq}rate of visits to outpatient specialists decreased compared to the year 2007 as a result of the introduction of user fees. Hypothesis 2: Compared to the year 2007, the introduction of user fees resulted in no considerable decrease in the rate of visits for patients with chronic diseases. Hypothesis 3: The impact of user fees on the rate of visits to outpatient specialists will be comparable for both genders. Hypothesis 4: The introduction of user fees will not result in a prolongation of the interval between the respective visits of patients to outpatient specialists. Quantitative research and method of questioning were used to achieve the goals and verify the hypotheses. The questionnaire technique was used for data collection. The research survey group for the questionnaire comprised physicians with outpatient specialties practicing in South Bohemia, Hradec Králové, Liberec,and Plzeň Regions, Capital City of Prague, Central Bohemia, Ústí and Zlín regions. The final research group comprised 79 specialist physicians with specialties as follows: allergology and clinical immunology, anesthesiology, dermatovenerology, gynecology, surgery, internal medicine, pneumology, ophthalmology, ENT, oncology, orthopedics, neurology, psychiatry, rehabilitation, and urology. The Diploma Thesis met its main objectives, as well as its partial objectives. The second, third, and fourth hypotheses were confirmed. The first hypothesis was not verified successfully in this research. The results of my research suggest that user fees had an impact on patients{\crq} rate of visits to outpatient specialists and can be used for publication in professional journals.

This thesis examines the everyday life experiences of Turkish migrants settled in the Netherlands. It analyzes how the Turkish minority perceives their daily lives in the Netherlands in the manner of the identity construction and integration process. The narratives of the migrants are explored in the following ways; media use, language use, attachment to the country of origin, views on identity construction, and integration. Ethnic media use, second language use, and the level of attachment to Turkey are used as indicators for everyday life experiences while integration and identity construction are investigated dependently. Most importantly, this study argues that integration is a two- way process that takes place differently in multiple spheres. For this reason, it analyzes the concept of integration through the voices of the Turkish migrants in the Netherlands rather than focusing solely on the adopted policies. Keywords: Turkish minority, the Netherlands, everyday experiences, integration, identity

This master thesis deals with lease financing as one of the possible forms to acquire tangible investment goods. Furthermore other possibilities such as credit, hire purchase and cash purchase are evaluated. Based on the offers and other conditions proposed by companies, the objective of our investigation is to judge advantages and disadvantages of the individual financing products and choose the best option for enterprisers. The car was chosen as an example of the tangible investment good. This thesis is divided into two sections. The first theoretical part is focused on the particular possibilities of the financing of the tangible investment good and their tax and law aspects as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The second practical part is based on analysis of the leasing and credit products from following institutions: UniCredit Leasing CZ, a. s., CSOB Leasing, a. s., Credium, a. s. and Commercial Bank, a. s. The conditions and services provided by these companies are compared at the beginning. Calculations are performed for the particular car. The comparison is made from the point of view of all financial costs as well as discounted costs. Finally, all products are compared and evaluated not only according to their financial aspects but also according to other offered conditions and services.

1 Abstract The public administration itself is bound by applicable legal provisions. Therefore, in case of breach of individual rights stemming from the legal system of the Czech Republic, every person is guaranteed a strict legal procedure with corresponding legal mechanisms, which aim to remedy the status caused by unlawful action or inaction of the public administration. The object of this dissertation focuses, in particular, on analysis of individual means of protection of rights in public administration (i.e. the issue of the protection of public subjective rights) and their mutual relationships between them at level of legal regulation de lege lata. However, certain space had to be dedicated also to the procedures of public administration in matters related to private subjective rights as even the public administration decides on certain matters of private law. As regards the protection of private rights by public administration I mentioned the dualism of the review of decisions of public bodies and certain examples of public administration deciding on matters of private subjective rights. Further I stressed the issue of civil liability related to the conduct of public administration, i.e. liability for damages caused by unlawful decision and unlawful procedure. Pursuant to the act on liability for...