Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Projets de développement économique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Projets de développement économique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Nedjar, Didier. "Les projets internationaux : le nouveau régime des accords de développement économique." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA021030.
Full textBaraka, Nizar. "Méthodes comparées de choix de projets en vue de développement." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32031.
Full textSeveral methods of projects selection have been drawn up in order to answer to the problem of shortage of ressources optimum allocation in developing countries : on the one hand, price methods that work out a shadow prices system in order to estimate the costs and advantages of a project, and on the other hand, the effect method that aims at the valuation of a project effects on the national economy. However, those cost-advantages analysis have some theorical and practical limits. Therefore, we've tried, thanks to the multiple criteria decision-aid approach, to draw up a project selection for the development that would be closer to developing countries'realities. Acutally we have adapted the outranking methods electre iii and iv to the investment selection project problem in morrocco. The application of the obtained methods to a selection of twenty morroccan projects has shown that, compaired to conventional analysis, they have the merit of showing a multidimensional profile of the project studied, of integrating the incertainty into the analysis, of generating rankings of projects related to decision maker's preferences and of being of precious help to the project selection for development
Fas, Catherine. "Méthode d'évaluation économique des projets régionaux : une nouvelle approche appliquée à la professionnalisation des armées." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON10055.
Full textBa, Abdou Yero. "La Mauritanie et les défis du développement : étude d'ensemble et stratégie alternative." Nice, 1992. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063215.
Full textSchenkery, Maxime. "Structures de l'entreprise et innovation : genèse des projets de développement technologique à EDF et à Hydroquébec." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131026.
Full textTechnological innovation is created in the firm. Innovations are elaborated in technological development projects. Which factors are determinating innovation ? the research methodology is based on interfirms, intertechnologies and interprojects comparisons in edf france and in hydroquebec canada. The thesis enlights three sets of significant variables : technical object newness, product value and firm's organisational structures. Each set induces specific activities in development projects. Also, there is no distinction between process development and product development in the projects. Innovation is a processus where the whole firm generates the principles of creation and valorization. The research results involve economically a new definition of technological infrastructure and competition infrastructure. The technological infrastructure is based upon firm's competencies coming from a technological development process larger than just r-d. The competition infrastructure is based upon client's need integration in innovation (usage value), firm's competencies integration in innovation (competitive value) and long term direction of innovation (strategic value)
Silveira, Fontenele Raimundo Eduardo. "L'environnement dans la programmation du développement : vers une autre approche de calcul économique au nord-est brésilein." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131008.
Full textAfter a comparative analysis of the principal methods of economic evaluation, (shadow prices methods on one hand, effects method on the other) concerning their application and legacy in developing countries, especially in the north, east area of brazil, this thesis presents a new approach of public economics computing. The first part of this work presents the two main methods of economic evaluation : the shadow prices methods and the effects method. The second part examines the extend and the limits of shadow prices methods. We expose a critical analysis of various cases of concrete application of those methods, based on studies realized in brazil, particularly in the north-eastern region. The third part of our thesis is devoted to the expounding of an alternative approach of project analysis as well as to the development programming : the effects method. In the fourth part, we present the debate between shadow prices methods upholders and effects method upholders. We first proceed to the demonstration of comparative advantages of the effects method. Then, we will expose the reasons of primacy of shadow prices methods, enhancing the particular case of brazilian north-eastern development projects. The fifth part will be devoted to the need of taking the environment into account in economic assessment methods. We therefor proceed to an appraisal of criticism aiming at shadow prices methods, including their extension to environmental aspects. Then, we expose the institutional measures currently employed in brazil, in order to take the environment into account in development project analysis. Finally, the analysis of various contexts allows us to suggest a concrete methodology of public economics computing towards a long-lasting development. We consequently support the appeal to participative proceedings as well as to environmental consideration in development projects planning. In conclusion, we suggest the joint application of economic evaluation by the effects method and environmental impact studies
Hoeser, Utz. "A la recherche de projets : l'action aveugle des banques de développement." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0027.
Full textThis thesis is based on an empirical study of the organizational functioning of five development banks (world bank, international finance corporation, European investment bank, Nordic investment bank, and the French Caisse francaise de developpement). It analyzes the way these internationally active banks make development policy. Contrary to the "official" model of governance, according to which development banks follow the missions and policy guidelines set by their owner countries, our findings show that development policy is created at the level of the banks' professionals who de facto choose the projects that meet their own objectives. These professionnals cannot respect the official criteria of project choice, because doing so would even further limit their options in an already highly competitive market for projects. Heavily constrained in their choice, these professionals successfully adopt a number of strategies to increase their autonomy of action. The "real" development policy, then, is in fact the incremental result of professionals' individual choices of projects. This mode of organizational functioning has a certain number of undesired consequences with regard to the banks' initial missions: they are no longer a subsidiary source of finance, as foreseen by their founding fathers, but compete with other banks for the best projects, they actively market their funds in search of projects, or even create ex nihilo new projects to keep up existing loan levels
Hafdi-Idrissi, Abdelaziz. "Laproblématique du développement local au Maroc : réalités et perspectives." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081861.
Full textDupin, Patricia. "L'équilibre des forces entre les résultats des projets d'intelligence compétitive et les aptitudes professionnelles identifiées." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00494919.
Full textBelmahi, Mohammed. "Structures et jeux stratégiques dans la décision d'investir." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN0506.
Full textInvestment decision is very important in the life of organizations and cannot be made without a reference frame and without refering to the objectives of their general policies. It is a decision made both in and for the organization, it engages therefore its future. Why and under which influences do the organizations (called modern national firm), considered as an open and constrained system where different rationalities cohabit, decide to invest? And according to which criteria? Is it under environnment pressure over which they receive and exert influences? Or is it to realize the aspirations of its actors. In a prospect which conceives investment decision: - as the result of the intervention of two kinds of actors: the analysts and the decision makers, each one having their own development project which gives the general orientation of their strategies in the organization. They wish to realize their develop- ment project using their sources of power through the contribution- retribution system; - and as a compromise between the constraints from inside (trilogy: survival, perenniality, competitiveness) and from outside (environment) in order to avoid any risks of implosion and explosion. According to this step, we have studied the trajectory of the project to attempt a strategic approach of investment decision
Tomety, Simon Narcisse. "Aides internationales au développement du secteur rural au Bénin : étude de l'efficacité de quelques projets d'appui techniques et financiers." Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO2003.
Full textPiou, Elsa. "Impact et appropriation d'un programme de développement dans des districts ruraux afghans : l'articulation entre projets de développement et sociétés locales." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0024.
Full textThe political dimension of the relation of assistance: which possible reappropriation? The implementation of a project on a territory modifies the existing relations of domination and power, giving place to attempts of reciprocity and appropriation. This thesis deals with interactions and articulation between local societies and development programs. If these programs are factors of social change and identity recombining, they also cause reactions, adaptations and phenomena of appropriation, even of rejection. The case study relates to the Programme of National solidarity (NSP) in several rural districts of Afghanistan between 2004 and 2008. Development policies promote new paradigms such as women participation, democracy, good governance, accountability, etc. A voluntarist development policy, aiming at democratizing the Afghan society, can lead to contradictory outcomes. The complex set of representations, perceptions, strategies, symbolic dimensions and human relations taking place in this kind of project, clearly underlines the need to reassess current "development" policies implemented in Afghanistan and to take account of the social stakes into these policies. Gift theories highlight the power stakes existing in any human relation, the importance of symbolic debts circulation, which contributes to the construction of social relations. Individuals and groups get continually the positions of donors and receivers. Dignity depends partIy on space left to make reciprocity possible
Ahizi, Dorcas. "Évaluation de la performance de projets d’aide internationale au développement : exemple de trois projets exécutés en Côte d’Ivoire." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1226/document.
Full textInternational development assistance projects are extremely various. They have multiple objectives, take various forms and take place in contrasted contexts. This diversity causes a normative methodological discourse. Indeed, concerning the project’s performance evaluation, a single and unchangeable management tools is designed from the start to the end of project.This management tools is supposed to collect and process a large number of indicators also designed at the beginning, according to the project « logical framework ». Tools conceives far away from the project and accountable to the donors. In reality, it can be seen that even projects with substantial resources struggle to master the process of evaluating performance. Few practitioners are successful in leading an evaluation of performance. Even few are the projects whose committee leaders use, for making decision, data from such evaluation. However, performance evaluation are systematically carried out within each international development aid project. This research proposes to explain the reasons of such paradox
Dibandjo, Magloire. "Aspects recents de la pratique contractuelle en matiere d'investissements internationaux dans les pays en developpement : les projets d'infrastructure a financement prive." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05D017.
Full textDadsetan, Mohammad Mehdi. "L'autoritarisme du pouvoir politique et le "sous-développement" économique en Iran." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-11-12.pdf.
Full textGarnier, Estelle. "« Une approche socio-économique de l’orientation des projets de recherche en chimie doublement verte »." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIME002/document.
Full textSince the last two decades the rise of environmental concerns leads to the sector of chemistry to develop new practices and new products. In particular, new products and processes based on biomass as renewable resources are developed. This is what we call the Doubly Green Chemistry (2GV) (Nieddu et al. 2010).Starting from an initial request for production of "roadmap" and identification of "dominant design" (understood as dominant technological paths) for this new sector from the chemist to guide their research programs, the start idea of this thesis was to test the scheme "exploration / exploitation" of a transition path proposed by the "transition to sustainable management" approach. The main idea it was to test this approach by changing the perspective to deal with this model in terms of representation constructions of the future of this activitie.The work has put forward a variety of representations of the douly green chemistry who settled in the time until the finest level (that of the laboratory). The interest of this result of diversity is that it brings us back to the canonical model that is implicitly built around the transition from a dominant socio-technical regime based on a single artefact to another dominant socio-technical regime based on a another unique artifact.In our case oil and its refinery replaced by biomass and its biorefinery.This result suggests an enrichment of model canonical representation taking into account the possibility of a new socio-technical regime of another nature. Regime whose main characteristic is the need of maintaining a diversity of artifacts
Gouttebel, Jean-Yves. "L'apport du consultant au développement territorial par l'ingénierie." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT5031.
Full textRecent trends in territorial development have contributed to conferring consultants with a particular status. Owing to the combines pressure of three groups of factors (structural, institutional and functional), local authorities now appear as key players in the field of territorial development. Globalizationon the one hand , and decentralization on the other, have led to the sanctification of the often expressed principle "think global, act local". Indeed, this is where the consultant can so usefully contribute his engineering to support the initiatives of local authorities. The conclusions of different surveys highlight the fac that the consultancy market is growing, with increaseddemand expressed by territorialinstitutions, along with greater expectations for better quality and performance. In the eye of local protagonists, the consultant represents both an external resource capable of shedding new light and contributing pertinent engineering. For this reason, we can see consultants presenting themselves as fully fledged players in territorial development, acting in three areas: co-founders of the engineering, co-builders of the strategy, and co-pilots in the development project. Nevertheless, this positionning of the consultants begs another question, that of the borderline between the respective domains of knowledge and power. Whereas the consultant, by accompanying the decison-maker, inevitably leaves his stamp on the final choice, it is important to outline the role of each party and to work out cooperation frameworks that will optimize the partnership
Gallai, Nicola. "Evaluation économique de l'impact des insectes pollinisateurs sur l'agriculture européenne." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10036.
Full textInsect pollination is an ecosystem service that is threatened, though it contributes to the sexual reproduction of most of the wild and cultivated flora. This work aims to assess the impact of this service on agriculture. Fom a literature review, we identified three major questions related to this issue: What is the contribution of pollinators to agricultural production worldwide? How will the vulnerability of agriculture change during the coming century? What will be the impact of a pollinator decline on social welfare? Using a technical-economic approach, we valued the contribution of this service to world agriculture at 153 billion euros in 2005, which represented 10% of the total value of world agricultural production used for human food. The consequences of a pollinator loss on social welfare were modeled using a partial equilibrium and estimated between 228 and 310 billion euros based upon a price elasticity of demand of -1. 2 and -0. 8, respectively. To assess future trends, we simulated the evolution of European agriculture under several land use scenarios, and found that the contribution of pollinators will not diminish in the next century even under the most extreme scenarios. Finally, we analyzed the impact of pollinator loss in the framework of a general equilibrium with two consumers who share two goods, each produced by a single firm with one good dependent on insect pollination and the other not. This analysis indicated that the substitutability between the two markets enabled to reduce the welfare loss. It also showed that when the income distribution is linked to the different goods, the relative importance given in the society to industries related to these goods affects the welfare loss resulting from pollinator decline and it could even become nil
Nguer, Alioune Abi Taleb. "Les projets internationaux de pêche au Sénégal : l'aide extérieure au développement des pêches au Sénégal." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10038.
Full textWe mean by "international fishery projects" the big fishery projects realised in senegal with thanks to considerable financial assistance of the exterior. These projects are not surveyed in themselves but in view of evaluation the way by wich senegal valuates its fishing resources, for evaluation also its level of autonomy in fishery policy matters. In the light of the teachings developped in cases studies, we must propose the organisation of a division "projects, sector survey and international markets", contributing in a real manual guide of a projects analysis protocol
Chagneau, Vincent. "Pour une maîtrise de l'information stratégique dans le développement des projets internationaux : essais de modélisations chez EDF." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT3006.
Full textConfronted with an informational and communication dimension, the team-project can lead to the objectives assigned in the project by the taking into account of strategic information. From a direction of development of project and within the framework of an industrial research in company (CIFRE), it was asked to highlight proposals for a development of a control of strategic information. This field of study constitutes a contribution not only with the modes of developments of the projects, sublimating the approaches around the technique and of finance. It is also located like an additional element of comprehension of the environment in bond with the fields of the competitive intelligence and the knowledge management. The analysis is based on a study of eleven projects. The proposals in favour of a control of strategic information result from a half-open questionnaire addressed to the decision makers of the project. The space-project is conceptualised as a system of partfascinating because of its effect centropetric by the constitution of a specific space of interaction which makes it possible to decipher the strategic movements, to formalize proposals for developments and a comprehension of the play of actor. The construction of this approach of the development characterized bond with strategic creation or the interactive knowledge of the environment. It highlights a heuristic step for the operational or analytical decision makers of the organizations
Hofmann, Élisabeth. "L'application de méthodes d'évaluation de projets au développement rural dans des PED : analyse à partir d'un projet de développement rural intégré à Madagascar." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40006.
Full textThe evaluation of projects is nowadays a routine exercise. Its spreading has been accompanied by an important evolution of evaluation methods. During the same period, development projects became less and less sector-oriented. Instead they are now adopting approaches that are more and more global, called "integrated", aiming at all aspects of the development of a region. The central question of this thesis concerns the possibilities of adjusting evaluation methods to the realities of development projects in the third world. Our frame of analysis is restricted on the one hand to on-going and ex-post evaluations and on the other hand to integrated rural development projects. The analysis of the difficulties of applying evaluation methods to integrated development projects is divided into two levels : the level of conceiving the evaluation and the level of its implementation. On the first level, the encountered problems stem above all from the integrated nature of the projects, while on the second level the difficulties are largely due to the specificity of the rural environment (importance of cultural factors, strong dependency on uncontrollable conditions, like the climate). The different problems mentioned in this thesis are illustrated on the case of an integrated rural development project, situated in madagascar, financed and carried out by multilateral donor agencies. However, the lessons drawn with the help of this example are of a relatively general nature and they are also largely valid for other sub-saharan countries. In the heart of this analysis lies the difficulty to balance out between what is theoretically desirable and what is practically feasible. Without pretending to find a solution to this problem, we propose promising possibilities of adapted approaches and of associations of different tools, even though we emphasise at the same time the dangers and the limits of the application of evaluation methods to integrated rural development projects
Minvielle, Nicolas. "À qui sert l'aide publique au développement ? : le Japon entre altruisme, idéalisme et égocentrisme." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0128.
Full textThe origin of this research is to be found in the observation that ODA programmes have been rather inefficient in generating dynamic development stratégies in most of the récipient countries. One can wonder about the reasons this. Two main reasons can be found: (1) the reasons that can be attributed to the beneficiaries, (2) the reasons that can be attributed to the donors. In the first category, most of the reasons are to be found in the capacity of the beneficiaries to use in an efficient way the resources that have been granted. That approach is not really within our research. Then, the efficiency of ODA can be questioned at two différent levels. In the first approach, aid can be regarded as a purely altruistic allocation. We then corne to a rather disturbing conclusion: if donors have not reached their targets, it may be due to their incapacity to identify and implement the best policies. Keeping in mind the fact that donors are quite able to reach the goals that have been set for themselves, we might have to look elsewhere: donors might not consider the interests of the beneficiaries of ODA, but their own interests
Eklu, Agbewonu. "L'approche régionale du développement agricole en Afrique de l'Ouest et les modalités de coopération avec la C. E. E : rôle possible d'une aide adaptée." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON10007.
Full textThe object is to examine how e. E. C. Aid can contribute to the realization of a regional agricultural policy in west africa, in supposing that such a policy could improve the food situation in this region. The ineffectiveness of national food policies is among other reasons, due to their diversity or to a lack of coordination of economic policies within and across socio-economic areas. An appropriate method consistes in, as far as possible, in proceeding by "collective-reliance development". Consequently, development aid must be adapted. - in the first part of the thesis, we study : from a theoretical point of view, the different forms of economic integration accor- ding to their "purposes" and their "mechanisms", then the eventual compatible rela- tions between those concepts (ch. 1. ) the manifestations of economic integration in west africa and the adjustements which are necessary for an effective common agricultural policy in this region (ch. 2) - the second part concerns the contribution of aid to the implementation of this po- licy. After emphasizing some realities of the aid, we analyse, particularly within the context of lome accords, the role of the european regional co-operation policy in west africa (ch. 1); and its future prospects at the e. C. O. W. A. S. Level (ch. 2)
Seye, El Hadji Amadou. "Les paysages et les peuples du Niokholo, contribution à l'étude des comportements humains face au milieu naturel (Sénégal oriental)." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL293.
Full textThe Niokholo lies in the Southern part of Eastern Senegal, between latitudes 12 and 15 degrees North. Its original character is due to the diversity of its landscapes, and the diversity of its landscapes, and the various mixing of social and cultural groups living there. The central argument of this dissutation is the analysis of how such a natural environment and peoples are organized, using tree scales: the region, the +terroirs ;, and the toponymic units, or + lieux-dits ;, and resulting in tree series of maps at scales 1/200 000, 1/100 000 and 1/10 000. At the regional level, our analysis set forth the diversity of the landscapes composed of 30 elementary units, with differences linked to topographic characteristics, land availability, and water resources. The study of the peopling and humanization of those landscapes points at the balance between populations and their natural environment. At the level of the +terroir ;, the analysis of the environment reveals several landscapes segments that have been differently identified and used by the Mandes, Fulanis, Bediks and Beliyans. By comparing the geographical segments with those identified by the populations one car observe similarities and differences in those modes of landscape segmentation. At tne level of the toponymic units the comparison between the environments and the crops used by those ethnic groups shows the differences in the choices made by the farmers according to the plants brought into cultivation. But the currents cultivation systems suffer from a lack of efficient means of production. Thus, yields remain low and it seems necessary to implement development programs that will be in keeping with the natural environment and likely to be welcomed by the populations
Mezghani, Chokri. "Désengagement de l'Etat et développement rural/local : cas du plateau de Sidi M'hadheb en Tunisie." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10050.
Full textComlan, William. "Des moyens d'évangélisation aux projets de développement : les micro-réalisations de l'Eglise catholique dans le diocèse d'Abomey (Bénin)." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0015.
Full textSince vatican ii, the number of social activities of the church of benin has increased, particularly in the diocese of abomey. But unlike past missionary activities, the purpose is not longer to evangelize at all costs. It is the human being, be as he may, who is supported, "conscientised" and made to realize what is as stake today and in the future. The problem of elitism can only be resolved by a heightened awareness of the villages populations. But the instruction given to the young in the centers opened by the bishop of abomey is intented to be a search of an identity, the new generation having to operate the positive mutations of the rural areas ; similarly, it aspires to the "change of the hearts", the church considering that no economical and political action would be efficient if the benin people do not learn how to love each other and to love their country (the bishops' letter, lent 1989). His bishop agboka's action while creating the conditions of modernization of the informal and agricultural districts, shows that in order to mobilize the african rural population, it is necessary to find chiefs who are honest, skilful and particularly sensitive for the need of each locality. The political and administrative elits, unable to impose the transformations they consider as necessary, often evoke the peasants "resistance to progress". No reformer can be efficient if he does not take into account the populations. . .
Plottu, Éric. "Environnement : principe et methodologie de l'evaluation hierarchique. un cadre pour le developpement durable et l'analyse de projets." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10003.
Full textLimbourg, Mireille. "Valorisation par les projets de développement du rôle socio-économique des femmes en Afrique dans une perspective de stratégie alimentaire : opportunisme-opportunité ?" Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070135.
Full text1st part : description of evaluation criteria for projects launched to meet various recommendations on women's labour and their integration in the "development" process. This objectieves can be ensured and the exploitation of the concerned community can be avoid only by a clear choice of a rural integrated development. Many obstacles eitersocio-economic or political play against this will when programms are implemented. 2nd part : a thorough anthropo-economical analysis is the only way to reveal the origin and reasons of the underlying danger of the exploitation of the concerned community. In disturbing the natural evolution process of the production "relationships" and thus the sexual labour division (competitivity - complementarity) by the modification or substitution of the normal social labour's actors, the possibility of exploitation arises. 3rd part : the case studies don't constituted an analysis support but illustrate the several types of promotors and ways of elaborating projects
Diarre, Zoumana. ""Evaluations (ex-post) de projets de développement agricole et rural au Sahel : quelques expériences en Afrique de l'Ouest"." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF10027.
Full textOur thesis deals with the assessments of agricultural and rural projects at Sahel. The analysis of these assessments is divided into two parts which form the structure of the text. The first part takes the census of twenty projects through which have established an assumption for the assessment after studying systematically the main features of these projects: it is a retrospective evaluation method established according to systematical practice on the basis of experienced projects. A second method of evaluation which represents the subjects of the second part in this thesis, is drawn and established according to the aspect of specific methods of development bodies such as “the effect method” of the “French co-operation”, and the method of “organization for united nations industrial development”. From these two methods, we initiate a test of the assessment efficiency applied to two agricultural and rural development projects: irrigated areas project at Matam Podor (Sénégal) and sugar areas project at Banfora (Burkina-Faso). The results of the first and the second parts of this thesis are concordant: the inefficiency of Sahel’s project are due to two fundamental aspects: unfitted conception and working out of projects. On the other hand, there is an inadequate framing of the rural world
Abdoulkarimou, Saïdou. "Projets, développement territorial et pérennisation des actions : le cas du Niger et de la lutte contre la pauvreté." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30092/document.
Full textSince more than forty years, projects have been elaborated and implemented in Niger to insure the socioeconomical development. But unfortunately the expected results have not been satisfactory.For fifteen years, the doctorand has been working with programs and projects as an agent of development. Through this Thesis, he wanted to understand the reasons of the predominance and limits of the program|project approach to perpetuate actions that they initiated so as to have sustainable impacts on poverty. Through an analysis of literature and experiences of the projects in which he participated, he explored the concept of poverty by applying it in Niger and has characterized the concept of program and project. He has justified his words through the analysis of the evolution of the village of M’BIDA within a period of forty years as regards to poverty. The research that has been implemented helped in achieving some results. In Niger, poverty is a multidimensional, complicated and dynamic phenomenon with interactions among factors. However, the socio-cultural dimension is a determining factor in the fight against poverty Projects constitute a world of actors and social practices. Projects and programs agents do not have means to integrate in their methods of intervention strategies of population and social groups that are locally important on one hand and those of extremely vulnerable population on the other hand. The lack of post project evaluation does not help in evaluating the sustainable impacts and to capitalize the good practices. Considering the various contrasts the doctorand suggests the generalization of the territorial approach to contribute in solving difficulties related to the approaches of projects and programs
Paquet, Nicolas. "Vers une analyse géopolitique des grands projets d'aménagement et de développement au Québec : le cas des gaz de schiste." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31151.
Full textLarge-scale planning and development projects are more and more contested in Quebec. Out of all these projects, those of the energy sector occupy a distinctive place. Due to their size and their reach, energy projects are particularly sensitive. They convey economic growth and social progress, but also disturbances and risks. As such, they engender competing discourses, antagonistic representations and contradictory interests. Only yesterday, these large-scale projects were the object of consensus and nourished collective imaginaries. Today, they generate feats of strength and suspiciousness. Over the past few years, a number of these projects have been contested. One of the latest ones is the development project of the shale gas industry. It is this project that we are addressing in this masters thesis. We propose that representations of risks, carried by the actors, are decisive in this conflict. Similarly to research endeavors led by the school of geography, our thesis consists of showing that the analysis of representations is an indispensable tool in the geopolitical analysis of planning and development projects in Quebec. It allows us to understand territorial relations and especially to understand the nature of the encountered rivalries. We ask ourselves : what is the influence of representations of risks on the positioning of actors ? Aided by Philippe Subra’s work, we study this case through a qualitative and multime thodological approach combining territorial observations, interviews with actors and mental cartography. In summary, our data, which resulted from our empirical approach, enabled us to conclude that antagonistic representations of risks influence the positioning of actors; whilst there also exists, in the conflict’s deployment, a dialectical relationship between these two terms.
Sidibe, Marie-Cécile. "L'évolution des relations sociales et économiques au Mali dans le cadre des rapports Nord-Sud : le cas de l'opération N'Dama au Mali." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE2016.
Full textHatem, Fabrice. "Construction d'un observatoire des investissements internationaux : développement d'outils de veille sur les firmes multinationales, les projets d'investissement internationaux et l'attractivité territoriale à l'usage des agences de promotion de l'investissement." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100048.
Full textTsikata, Kossi Mawuli Martial. "Pour une éthique du développement : le projet-agro-sylvo-pastoral d'Avati (Paspa-A)-Togo." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA1061.
Full textOur doctoral research aims at examining the relation between development projects and solidarity ethics. We assume that for a long time, the two concepts remained in their analysis as well as in practice, unfamiliar to each other on the African continent and particularly in Togo although the present discourses on development tend to emphasize human dimension. The economic reductionism which characterizes the economic thinking for several centuries while encouraging the neglect of other essential dimensions of development is perhaps one of the major factors which led to the fragility or even the failure of so many development projects on the African continent. But if development is a complex phenomenon because of its multidimensional aspect, we wonder how it can be reconsidered in the context of Togo from the analysis of a particular situation, namely Avati situation. The aim of this study is to contribute to thinking development policies differently, particularly from the concept of solidarity which is undoubtedly a concept as complex as that of development, but with its advantage of emphasizing the conditions and the aims of the development, i. E. To remind us of its anthropological and ethical dimensions. Thus, our study stands up for the idea that development can be a way of liberating human beings if only their dignity is being acknowledged, in a personal dimension as well as in an interpersonal dimension rather than in a collective dimension
Gabbani, Maha. "L' adaptation des instruments juridiques du financement de projet aux règles de la finance islamique." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2013_gabbani.pdf.
Full textIslamic finance, particularly in the field of project finance has provoked the interest of actors in the field of finance as well as French government and attracted a wide range of doctrinal thinking. This thesis aims to generate a reflection on the prospects of adapting the legal instruments of project finance to the principles of Islamic finance. The particularity of Islamic finance is expressed by a number of principles based on religious sources such as the prohibition of interest (riba), speculation (maysir) and uncertainty (gharar), the requirement of profit and loss sharing or the asset-backing. In spite of this peculiarity, Islamic finance structures appear very similar to those used in France in the field of project finance and seem to adapt well to the legal constraints of the French law. These conceptual and structural similarities have led to the designing of successful models in order to co-finance complex projects involving an Islamic tranche and conventional financial partners. However, in France, the development of such structures that comply with both, the requirements of shari’a and the prudential standards can raise some considerable risks and financial constraints. In order to eliminate these obstacles, the French legislature should introduce some legal adjustments to the French laws
Ciptomulyono, Udisubakti. "Un modèle d'aide à la sélection des projets : l'intégration de la procédure analyse hiérarchique (AHP) et la programmation mathématique à objectif multiple (application aux projets de développement de centrales électriques en Indonésie)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30019.
Full textAmouzou, Essè. "Impacts socio-économiques et causes d'échec des projets de développement en milieu rural : étude de cas : le projet d'installation des jeunes agriculteurs au Togo." Paris 8, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA08A001.
Full textHerrenschmidt, Jean-Brice. "Territoires coutumiers et projets de développement en Mélanésie du Sud : (Iles Loyauté, Vanuatu, Fidji)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040258.
Full textCustom Lands are supposed to bring about the development policies' failure in Melanesia. The link between the Melanesians and their custom territory defines their social identity. Its cosmological basis builds a dualistic representation of the territory thus imagined by the social group as the complementarity of the specific combination of its " root places " and its social-political networks. This ontological and dualistic representation shapes the terrritory's concrete organization : the lineage's localities are strategically laid out and occupied so as to put down roots and give its cohesion, while networks of social relationships spead out in original and complex local and geopolitical configurations, particularly sensible in villages. Yet, the custom territories are experiencing deep changes due to the emergence of new territorial scales, the demographic pressure and the evolution of the agricultural practices, sparking off deep land tenure crises. However, these said land tenure conflicts often hide more political conflicts, in terms of territory rather than space. The land reforms and surveys then face political and territorial stakes and can be instrumentalized by the local protagonists. The history of the Melanesians' integration in a monetary economy system and the modelization of the modern and dependant insular economies relativize the failure of the development policies, and show that the customary actors are politically involved in the development processes, which they aim to adapt according to their dualistic customary representation of their territories
Chelly, Lofti Amine. "Les processus de génération d'opportunités entrepreneuriales : une recherche exploratoire auprès d'entrepreneurs tunisiens." Toulon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUL2007.
Full textChemrouk, Ouassim. "La baie d’Alger, une entité paysagère unique entre enjeux politiques, économiques et aménagement." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL062.
Full textSummary With its amphitheater configuration that opens to the sea and its location in the center of the southern shore of the Mediterranean, the bay of Algiers seems to have been predestined to expose and represent the image of the city. Thus, all the interventions on the image of the city seem to have had as a corollary, the transformation of its bay. It is then, without any surprise, that Algiers' new strategic development plan was articulated around a "pearl necklace" around the bay. The latter was to be adorned with iconic and structuring projects that would strengthen the attractiveness of the city among the Mediterranean cities. Considering the introduction of these new projects as an opportunity for a deep investigation of the city’s development, this doctoral research begins by demonstrating that there is a tradition for large projects in Algiers. However, for various reasons, these projects are generally only partially realized and the city seems to evolve in a quite spontaneous manner and in response to day-to-day needs and circumstances. Based on three emblematic projects in progress - The relocation of the port and the waterfront's development, the great promenade of the Bay and that of the great mosque of Algiers, Jamā El Jazā'ir- the research shows that this tradition continues despite environmental and societal constraints. In conclusion, this research shows that behind ideological ambitions, there is now, in Algiers, a real willingness to enhance cultural and natural heritage potential
Sentamba, Elias. "Représentations, pouvoirs et développement local : analyse critique d'une politique publique : le projet agro-sylvo-pastoral de la province de Rutana (Burundi)." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU2007.
Full textChevalier, Bernard. "Planification par projet et organisation territoriale. Initiatives locales : une démarche de développement." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX32022.
Full textThis study, based on several practical experiments, which have been carried out as well in france (provence) as in developping countries (senegal - casamance) is supposed to test the validity and feasability of decentralised planning. The project management, in connection with local initiatives, is in fact an intentionally selective approach, centered on a specific problem, and organized around a concrete project of which the ends are not set in advance. Adapting to a stratified territorial organization, the project management involves at different organizational levels the different territorial strata. This way, the project management promotes a connection between the fonctionnal and the territorial planning. Depending on a collective learning-process, the project management is therefore a superior form of organization creating new forms of partnership
El-Saghir, Sinno Sandra. "Evaluation de la pauvreté et perspectives de développement dans le contexte de la mondialisation : Application au cas du Liban." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020114.
Full textLolah, Houssam. "Le logement social : étude de cas d’Alep et de Paris : exemples internationaux, projets écologiques et économiques." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083426.
Full textThe shortage of the economic accommodation (housing) is a universal problem. The drift from the land became a phenomenon of mass at the world level as well as lack of employment (use) and the problems of unemployment due to the labor market. The strategy of the accommodation dominated the politics (policy) of the housing environment. In this system of running in the accommodation (hosting) we notice a deficit of planning in terms in particular of public equipments and infrastructures. The districts of social or said social housing environment meet to isolate besides from the city. Both cities (Alep and Paris) are characterized by the presence of a strong historic centrality: to Alep the hurdy-gurdy city / in Paris the center of Paris (from the 1st to the 7th district) where are situated most of the institutions recovering from the political and economic power. This thesis bases itself on the hypothesis that both cities (Paris and Alep) share, in spite of the difference of the culture, the history, of past, of the economic factor and of the administrative functioning, the same problems within the framework of the districts of social housing environment. We can quote the following problems: - Problem of social integration - Lack of adaptation in the middle urban -Deficit of public utility. The objective of this study is to examine - through both cases of the cities of Paris and Alep - the existing models in social housing environment to verify their relevance as answer to the problems of the housing shortage and the social and territorial cohesion as well as to the environmental stakes in the sustainable development
Chouraqui, Fabrice. "Principes de gestion de projet en recherche et développement." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P267.
Full textPortugal, ortéga Juan Angel. "La communauté autonome basque : modélisation géographique d'un espace au développement inégal." Montpellier 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON30065.
Full textThomas, Olivier. "La conjonction de contrats et conventions comme facteur de réduction d'incertitudes : le cas des projets stratégiques de villes." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10003.
Full textThis thesis intends to show to which extent the existence of a strategic urban plan constitutes a determining tool in order to reduce the uncertainties which shackle economic urban growth. Strategic urban plans, the content of which is defined by the key-actors of the city, express the recourse to several kinds of contractual elements. Nevertheless, these latter, however useful they may be, are confirmed to be insufficient in order to restrain the whole set of uncertainties that urban actors have to face. From this point of view, strategic urban plans properly appear to be suitable tools so that such actors may feel more "reassured". As a matter of fact, they embody both contractual and conventional solutions to deal with uncertainties. Eventually, the insurance which is conveyed by their creation can be kept up thanks to the recourse to various urban-marketing patterns (financial information, local periodical newspapers,. . . ). Broadly speaking, the global insurance which is conveyed by the choice of an urban location seems to be one of the main reasons which justify the endless trend of urban polarization. Given this inertia of the growth of French cities, a statistical analysis of the main incentives of economic urban growth is undertaken. The reliability of its results is tested thanks to several regression diagnostics. This study deals with the 214 more important French cities during the last 15 years
Rabier, Hugo. "Impact économique de l’aide informelle dans l’infarctus du myocarde et l’accident vasculaire cérébral." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. https://n2t.net/ark:/99999/fk4f490p7q.
Full textMore than one million of severely dependant patients live at home with assistance of close relatives. These caregivers provide « informal care » because they are not professional caregiver and not trained to provide care, and without monetary compensation. Informal care represents between 70 and 80% of the total provided assistance for elderly. Many economic valuations demonstrated an economic impact on informal caregiver of dependent elderly persons or suffering from neurodegenerative disorder. These studies also demonstrate a negative impact on the health and the social life of caregivers.Cardiovascular diseases represent the main cause of disability in France. Stroke is the largest contributor to the severe disability incidence with approximately 30,000 cases per year. To date, there were no French studies examining the economic impact of informal care on caregiver associated with myocardial infarction and stroke. In view of these elements, it should be necessary to carried out a first estimation. Our thesis work is composed of 3 studies : The aim of the first study was to estimate the informal care cost associated with myocardial infarction in France during the first year after the event with data of the Handicap-Santé survey. In the second study, we assessed the economic impact of informal care on caregivers assisting myocardial infarction survivors in France according to the date of myocardial infarction occurrence (<1-year vs. ≥1-year). The health and social impacts of informal care on caregivers were also described. Lastly, the purpose of the third study was to estimate the informal care cost associated to stroke in France with data of the Stroke 69 cohort. Informal care represent a consequent economic impact on caregivers of myocardial infarction and stroke survivors. It seems relevant to integrate more largely informal care in health economic valuations and cost of illness studies given the weight of informal care cost on the total management cost of these diseases. Informal care integration also contributes to the recognition of the caregiver involvement into the long-term management of disabling diseases. With the increasing influence of health economic valuations in France, our estimates and future researches could help public decision-taker to conceive new public policies
Adam, Matthieu. "La production de l'urbain durable. L'enrôlement des concepteurs et des habitants par l'intégration des contradictions." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1802/document.
Full textThe influence of neoliberalism on the production of urban spaces results in the commodification of spaces, thecompetition between cities, and the metropolisation process. It also generates the spread of watchwords, amongwhich “project”, “sustainable urban development”, “participation” and “social diversity” are the most common.This creates contradictions between the rhetorical and practical aspects of the urban production: the oppositionbetween the theoretically infinite horizon of the urban project on one side, and its realization in timed operationson the other side ; the gap between the values of sustainable urban development, and its achievements dictatedby economic imperatives ; the contradiction between the injunction to participate and urban planning as a practicethat remains top down ; the gap between advocated social diversity and socially selective urbanization.These contradictions are identified by both designers and inhabitants. However, despite their criticism, the levelof conflict in contemporary urban production remains low. Therefore, this work aims to understand and explainwhich function these contradictions occupy, since they do not lead to an opposition.To achieve this objective, the thesis bases itself on structural constructivism, and the use of representations.Access to the representations of inhabitants and designers is achieved through the collection and analysis of theirdiscourses on two emblematic projects, that are approached as mediation apparatuses of their representations:Bottière-Chénaie in Nantes and Confluence in Lyon.The analysis shows that the contradictions that were identified are integrated into the production mode. Theirfunction is to mobilize: they are part of the enrollment of designers and inhabitants in the contemporary urbanproduction
Hillcoat, Guillermo. "La crise des modeles de developpement en amerique latine. De la substitution d'importations a l'economie tournee vers l'exterieur : une discussion theorique illustree par l'experience argentine." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080088.
Full textThe purpose of our thesis is to discuss a specific set of problems : the problems that arise from applying a pattern of intensive accumulation to an industrially-based developping economy. This specific discussion is set within the framework of more wide-ranging considerations bearing on the models of development and accumulation applied in latin america. We use the model concept here in its modal sense : conjunction of an accumulation system and institutional forms of regulation. These concepts are defined and discussed in the first part of our thesis. Long range transformations of accumulation systems and regulation procedures are studied in the context of argentinian growth (19301980). We look at the major features of the accumulation pattern : the different elements of intensive growth patterns as affected by external constraints (leading sectors, accumulation of capital and employment, fluctuations and cycle. . . ) dovetailing with the world economy, the macro-economic equilibrium within this regime of industrial accumulation. In the third part we present a discussion of the main characteristics of wages regulation and the consumption norm. This exercise in applied economics will have served, we hope, to buttress certain theories while confuting certain over-simple views held on the specificity of reproduction of capital and of work-force in a semi-industrialized economy