Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prolepsis'

La présente étude se donne pour but d'analyser l'œuvre romanesque de Sylvie Germain par le biais du concept d'attente. Notre intérêt a été suscité par l'articulation interne des premiers livres, tributaire de la subtile mise en place d'un réseau proleptique qui est symptomatique non seulement de l'instauration d'un pacte, à la suite duquel le lecteur esquisse son horizon d'attente, mais également d'un effort que l'auteur déploie -consciemment ou non - afin de garder une bonne emprise sur le récit. Si l'écrivain ne développe pas de théorie autour de l'attente et n'en fait pas le pivot de son écriture, les récits abondent en situations qui sont sous-tendues par elle. Le titre de la thèse rend compte des deux niveaux auxquels nous avons interrogé la production romanesque de Sylvie Germain, à savoir textuel et diégétique. Le tout s'organise à partir d'une structure ternaire dont le point de départ est l'ébauche d'une poétique de l'attente reposant principalement sur des avant-textes, sur un appareil paratextuel très dense et sur l'emploi d'anticipations par infusion de détails qui créent un effet d'échos et de correspondances par rapport au développement diégétique. La deuxième partie de notre analyse interroge les multiples manières dont l'attente est vécue par les personnages, psychiquement aussi bien que physiologiquement. Quelle que soit sa forme, l'attente reste une expérience temporelle. La dernière partie de notre étude esquisse un panorama des perceptions du temps à travers cette expérience vécue. Au terme de notre travail, nous espérons avoir réussi un exercice de synthèse à partir d'un concept qui échappe aux règles, ainsi qu'une incursion dans le champ de la temporalité peu abordé par rapport à cette œuvre.

Paradoxe de la prolepse : en dévoilant par avance un événement de l’histoire, elle risque de ruiner le suspens ; en n’évoquant qu’allusivement ce qui va suivre, elle peut au contraire y contribuer. Le traitement des anticipations a toujours été au cœur des débats sur la tension narrative. L’examen de poétiques et de rhétoriques antiques et classiques, leur confrontation avec les théories contemporaines permettent de retracer la longue histoire d’un procédé à travers les discours contradictoires qui l’ont défini.Lisons les romans de l’Ancien Régime, nous verrons ce paradoxe en action. Au seuil du XVIIe siècle, la prolepse appartient, comme le début in medias res, à la panoplie des artifices visant à maintenir suspendu l’esprit du lecteur et à structurer de grandes machines romanesques ; au siècle suivant, les pseudo-mémorialistes, tout en puisant dans ce fonds, la posent comme le symptôme d’une écriture naturelle, désordonnée, parfois défaite, peu soucieuse de suspens et d’architecture, bref, la marque par excellence d’une écriture du cœur.Tout se joue dans l’appréhension progressive du texte par le lecteur et l’interprétation de la voix narratoriale supposée le guider. Les outils de la narratologie sont réexaminés et affinés pour que puisse être pris en considération le cheminement pas à pas du lecteur ; afin d’étudier des unités plus petites ou des manœuvres narratives particulièrement subtiles, il faut combiner ces outils avec les instruments de la linguistique énonciative (reprises anaphoriques et annonces cataphoriques, usages des temps verbaux, phénomènes polyphoniques liés à la régie narrative). On évalue ainsi la manière dont, au long d’un siècle et demi d’une production romanesque très diversifiée, sont suscitées des attentes, souvent comblées, parfois frustrées : si l’anticipation est d’ordinaire un moment où une voix de régie organise le texte, il arrive en effet que ce procédé provoque des dérèglements dont nous pouvons, critiques embarrassés ou lecteurs amusés, suivre les aléas
There is a paradox of prolepsis : because it tells in advance an event of the story, it runs the risk of ruining suspense ; because it only evokes this event allusively, it may, on the contrary, help to create suspense. The use of anticipation has always been at the core of the debate on narrative tension. Through the study of ancient and classical poetics and rhetorics, brought in comparison with contemporary theories, this work seeks to retrace the long history of a highly controversial narrative device.Reading the novels of the Ancien Régime, one may see this paradox at work. At the dawn of the seventeenth-century, prolepses belong, along with in medias res openings, to the repertoire of artificial contrivances used in the building of huge novelistic machines, as they keep the reader’s mind suspended ; in the first half of the following century, the Memoir-Novel uses the very same device to establish a new manner of writing : prolepses become the sign of an unsophisticated prose, attuned to the effusions of the heart.At stake here is the reader’s progressive apprehension of the text and the way he interprets the narratorial voice. Narratological tools are re-examined and refined so as to take into consideration the act of reading and its dynamics ; elements of enunciative linguistics are used for the study of small textual units and subtle narrative manipulations. Through this overview of one hundred and fifty years of prose fiction, we trace the different manners in which expectations are aroused, usually fulfilled, and exceptionally frustrated

Philosophy
Ph.D.
The aim of this dissertation is to examine and helpfully elucidate Kant’s proleptic philosophy of history by pursuing lines of thought across both his critical and historical body of work. A key motivation for this goal stems from noticing certain repetitive explications of Kant’s philosophy across, among other subjects, history, biology, religion, teleology, culture, and education, which, as precise and careful in their detail, all seem to converge on key Kantian ideas of teleology and morality. Rather than concentrating on any one aspect of Kant’s proleptic philosophy, I set out to (i) investigate seemingly untenable problems with his characterization of reason in history, (ii) to counter what I take as a misreading, if not misattributions, of Kant’s proleptic, and not prophetic, thoughts on historical progress, (iii) to offer an original reflection on Kant’s use of a famous stoic phrase in two of his political essays, and (iv) to an attempt a close exegesis toward tying notions of teleology and hope with that of need. The approach that I take in these chapters is both problem centered and exegetical, and while I attempt to answer concerns in the secondary literature pertaining to Kant’s proleptic philosophy of history, I also stay close to the primary texts by providing references and citations to key claims and passages which reinforce Kant’s forceful portrait of the poietic power of human reason to create a world hospitable to its rational ends.
Temple University--Theses

Thesis (MSc (Botany and Zoology))--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The comparative phylogeography of the host-parasite relationship of the southern African endemic dark shyshark, Haploblepharus pictus and its nematode parasite, Proleptus obtusus was investigated. To date, no studies have been conducted on the population structure of catsharks and their species specific parasites and little is known about the population dynamics of these species. A total of 116 catsharks and 201 parasites were analysed from seven South African localities. The mitochondrial marker COI was used and species specific primers were designed for both the host and parasite. Haplotype networks were constructed and no strong geographically structured groupings were found for either species. Pairwise st values for the parasite and host found Gansbaai to be significantly differentiated from the other sites. Fu’s Fs were significantly negative for both host and parasite indicating population disequilibrium. Proleptus obtusus displayed a pattern of population expansion which was confirmed by the mismatch distribution. Mismatch distributions failed to indicate population expansion for the sharks. Other factors such as selection, migration or genetic drift are likely the cause of the population disequilibrium detected. Interestingly, no barrier to gene flow was found around Cape Point, a known break for other species such as the clinid, Clinus cottoides and the caridean shrimp Palaemon peringueyi. The outcome of this study suggests that levels of gene flow in H. pictus are high enough to suggest that the documented site fidelity is not as strong as originally proposed. The parasite, being dependent on the host, shows a similarly high level of gene flow among sampling sites.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die vergelykende filogeografie van die gasheer-parasiet verhouding tussen die endemiese suider-Afrikaanse donker skaamhaai, Haploblepharus pictus en sy nematode parasiet, Proleptus obtusus is ondersoek. Huidiglik is daar nog geen ander studies uitgevoer met betrekking tot die populasie struktuur van skaamhaaie en hul spesies-spesefieke parasiete nie en min is bekend oor die populasie dinamiek van hierdie spesies. In hierdies studie is ‘n totaal van 116 skaamhaaie en 201 parasiete vanaf sewe lokaliteite geanaliseer. Die mitikondriale merker COI is hiervoor gebruik en spesie spesefieke inleiers is vir beide gasheer en parasiet ontwerp. Haplotipe netwerke is saamgestel vir beide spesies en het geen duidelike geografies gestruktureerde groepe aangedui nie. Paarsgewyse st waardes van beide parasiet en gasheer het daarop gedui dat Gansbaai geneties gedifferensieerd is van alle ander lokaliteite. Fu se Fs was statisties betekenisvol met ‘n negatiewe waarde vir beide spesies, wat dui op populasie disekwilibrium. Proleptus obtusus het ‘n patroon van populasie groei getoon, wat deur Fu se Fs en die misparing verspreiding bevestig is. Die misparing verspreiding het nie populasie toename vir die skaamhaaie aangedui nie. Die waargeneemde populasie disekwilibrium is waarskynlik die gevolg van seleksie, migrasie of genetiese drywing. Geen genetiese breuk is by Kaap Punt, wat ‘n genetiese breuk vir verskeie ander spesies soos Clinus cottoides en Palaemon peringueyi is, gevind nie. Die uitkomstes van hierdie studie stel voor dat vlakke van geen vloei in H. picuts hoog genoeg is om ‘n patroon van genetiese vermenging tussen lokaliteite, op die mitokondriale DNS vlak, tot gevolg te hê. Dit beteken moontlik dat die gedokumenteerde gebied gebondenheid van hierdie spesie nie so sterk, soos oorspronklik voorgestel, is nie. Die parasiet, waarskynlik aangesien hy van sy gasheer afhanklik is, toon ‘n soortgelyke hoë vlak van geen vloei tussen lokaliteite. Dus toon beide spesies ‘n algehele afwesigheid van genetiese struktuur, met die isolasie van Gansbaai van alle ander lokaliteite.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Platão, Leitor de Aristófanes (Elementos para uma leitura intertextual e proléptica da Apologia de Sócrates) mostra a dívida platônica e suas consequências literário-político-filosóficas com a herança cultural e literária de seu tempo, sobretudo a proveniente da Comédia Antiga, ressaltando, muito especialmente, a contribuição de Aristófanes na configuração dramático-filosófica da obra inicial de Platão. Dá ênfase à dimensão de intertextualidade inerente ao corpus platonicum. Examina criticamente a tese hermenêutica de Charles Kahn, fundada em seu conceito de prolepse, tentando ampliar sua aplicação a um número maior de diálogos platônicos e incorporando a essa noção elementos literário-políticos. Finalmente, dá atenção especial à interpretação de três temas concebidos como cruciais para uma compreensão intertextual e proléptica da obra considerada como inaugural na carreira platônica de escritor e filósofo, a Apologia de Sócrates: o episódio do oráculo de Delfos, o significado do elenco socrático e de sua aplicação e a diferenciação entre a chamada ironia socrática e uma possível ironia platônica.
Plato, Reader of Aristophanes (Elements for an intertextual and proleptic reading of The Apology of Socrates) shows the platonic debt to the cultural and literary heritage of his time, mostly to Ancient Comedy, highlighting Aristophanes contribution to the dramatic and philosophical configuration of Plato s initial work. It stresses the intertextual dimension inherent to the platonicum corpus. Another goal is a critical inquiry into the hermeneutic thesis by Kahn, founded on his concept of prolepsis, with the intention of broadening its appliccation to a larger number of platonic dialogues through incorporating literary and political elements to this notion. Finally, special attention is given to the interpretation of three crucial themes to an intertextual and proleptic comprehension of what is considered the first dialogue of the platonic career as writer and philosopher, the Apology of Socrates: the Delphi oracle episode, the socratic elenchus’ significance and application and the distinction between the so-called socratic irony and a possible platonic irony.

Cette thèse étudie Épicure indépendamment des épicuriens, pour souligner (partie I) que le philosophe ne prétendait pas proposer une théorie scientifique de la nature, mais en créer les conditions de possibilité en se fondant sur notre rapport pratique au monde : nous pensons le vivant en tant que nous-mêmes des vivants au contact de la réalité environnante par le biais du besoin. Celui-ci nous fait appréhender notre présence au monde sous la forme globale de la prolepse qui s’actualise dans des modèles successifs depuis le tout, les atomes et le vide jusqu’aux réalités causales où nous vivons. En une periodeia lisible dans la Lettre à Hérodote et le Livre XXV du traité De la nature, puis à l’échelle des trois Lettres, des Maximes et des Sentences, on passe ainsi du tropos pathologikos au tropos aitiologikos, de l’indestructibilité du tout, posée par notre rapport non-contradictoire au monde, à l’indestructibilité de la philia qui nous confère la félicité divine pour autant que nous ne perdions pas de vue notre réalité pratique. Les fragments du Livre XXV (partie II) permettent de comprendre le saut qualitatif des nécessités constitutives de notre réalité engendrée (apogegennèmenon), à une âme réagissant librement aux nécessités de notre réalité présente, en cours d’engendrement (apogennômenon) : nous nous appréhendons, dans ce discours désormais étiologique, comme causes au sein des causes, sans qu’il y ait de nécessité transcendant ces nécessités vivantes, et sans clinamen. La partie III examine pour quelles raisons (conditions historiques, polémique stoïcienne, …) ce matérialisme, fondé sur la pratique, offrant à l’oikoumenè hellénistique une authentique philia comme lien politique, a été perdu de vue par les épicuriens au profit, entre autres, de tendances dogmatiques « scientistes » (Lucrèce), voire du dévoiement philosophique de l’indestructibilité de la philia dans le cercle restreint des amis
This thesis looks into Epicurus regardless of the Epicureans, in order to emphasize (part I) the fact that he did not claim to propound a scientific theory of nature, but to make it possible by building upon our practical relation to the world : we think the living in so far as we ourselves are living in contact with the surrounding reality by way of need. This one makes us understand our being in the world in the whole form of the prolepsis which becomes a reality throughout successive patterns, from the whole, the atoms and the void, to the casual realities among which we live. In a periodeia found in the Letter to Herodotus and Book XXV of the treatise On nature, and then on the scale of the three Letters, the Key Doctrines and the Vatican Sayings, we move from the tropos pathologikos to the tropos aitiologikos, from the indestructibility of the whole, which provides our non-contradictory relation to the world, to the indestructibility of the philia which grants us the divine blessedness inasmuch as we do not loss sight of our practical reality. The fragments of Book XXV (part II) make it possible to understand the qualitative leap from the necessities which constitute our generated reality (apogegennemenon), to a soul which freely reacts upon the necessities of our present reality about to be generated (apogegennemenon) : we perceive ourselves, in that henceforth aetiological discourse, as causes among causes, without necessity transcending these necessities, and without clinamen. Part III investigates the reasons (be it historical circumstances, the stoic polemic, or other) why this materialism, grounded on practice, which gives the Hellenistic oikoumene a political link in the form of a genuine philia, was lost by the Epicureans, for the profit of dogmatic and so called scientific tendencies (Lucretius), and even the philosophical diversion of the indestructible philia into the restricted circle of friends, among others

Syftet med studien är att utifrån en narratologisk analys av Lina Wolffs De polyglotta älskarna diskutera hur Gérard Genettes narratologiska begrepp homo-, hetero- och autodiegetisk berättare, fokalisering, analeps och proleps kan göras tydliga och greppbara för elever i den svenska gymnasieskolan. Utifrån Örjan Torells modell för litterär kompetens diskuterar jag sedan hur begreppen kan presenteras och förklaras för att förstås av elever i svenskundervisningen. Materialet som står till grund för uppsatsen är Lina Wolffs De polyglotta älskarna, Gérard Genettes Narrative discourse och Örjan Torells Hur gör man en litteraturläsare?. Analysen visar att Wolffs roman i många avseenden kan bidra med tydliga exempel och intressanta narratologiska skiften. Utifrån Torells tre delkompetenser performanskompetens, konstitutionell kompetens och literary transferkompetens presenteras sedan två praktiska, didaktiska förslag. Istället för att söka begreppsförenklingar föreslås lärare söka nya sätt att förklara avancerade begrepp.

Cette thèse est une analyse de la trilogie de ʼAḥlām Mustaġānimī, une des premières auteures algériennes en arabe avec l’analyse formelle et les travaux de Genette. L’introduction aborde la méthodologie et la problématique. Comment les romans sont-ils tissés en une trilogie et pourquoi ont-ils eu un tel succès auprès du lectorat arabophone ? Ce qui en amène un autre : comment l'histoire algérienne est-elle incluse dans la trilogie. La première partie montre que ces romans sont le reflet de la vie de Mustaġānimī et de son engagement, à travers les dédicaces et la langue arabe dont des générations ont été privées. La deuxième partie reprend les outils de l'approche formelle pour déterminer le mécanisme du suspense par le démontage du texte narratif en les éléments constitutifs du récit principal, l’histoire d’amour, et ses interruptions. Elle montre la grande sensibilité de ʼAḥlām Mustaġānimī à la place de la femme et à la politique algérienne avant et après l’indépendance. La dernière partie, avec les intertextualités et les styles linguistiques, analyse le texte, et la poésie de son écriture. Cette maitrise de la langue arabe par Mustaġānimī est une des causes de son succès dans le lectorat arabophone. Cette thèse montre l’intérêt de ces méthodes d’analyse, expliquant et objectivant les ressentis du lecteur. Enfin, Mustaġānimī se retrouve dans le protagoniste implicite de la trilogie qui est donc une « intrusion » dans la vie de l'écrivaine
This thesis is an analysis of the trilogy of ʼAḥlām Mustaġānimī, one of the first Algerian authors in Arabic with formal analysis and the works of Genette.The introduction discusses the methodology and the issue. How are the novels woven into a trilogy and why have they been so popular with the Arabic-speaking readership? Which leads to another: how Algerian history is included in the trilogy. The first part shows that these novels are a reflection of Mustaġānimī's life and his commitment, through the dedications and the Arabic language of which generations have been deprived. The second part uses the tools of the formal approach to determine the mechanism of suspense by disassembling the narrative text into the constituent elements of the main story, the love story, and its interruptions. It shows ʼAḥlām Mustaġānimī's great sensitivity to the place of women and to Algerian politics before and after independence. The last part, with intertextualities and linguistic styles, analyzes the text, and the poetry of its writing. This mastery of the Arabic language by Mustaġānimī is one of the causes of his success in the Arabic-speaking readership. This thesis shows the interest of these methods of analysis, explaining and objectifying the feelings of the reader. Finally, Mustaġānimī finds himself in the implicit protagonist of the trilogy, which is therefore an “intrusion” into the life of the writer

碩士
大同大學
工業設計學系(所)
101
Narrative order is a technique to describe the order which story happens. Different narrative order might evoke different perception to the readers/listeners, and increase the dramatic effect. If the narrative order elements can be added to product use process, users will be attracted and the interest of using the product be strengthened. However, among the narration structure, the “introduction, elucidation, transition, and conclusion” four-stage narration combination are often used to tell stories. Therefore, the study plans to use the “introduction, elucidation, transition, conclusion” narration combination to the narrative order, and try to develop design principles with significant differences. Besides, the “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” of narrative order are often confused by people, the study also explores the image of product use process of the two narrative orders, and clarify the differences. The research can be divided into three stages: (1) Investigating “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” examples in everyday life, and construct the four-stage concept structure by cluster analysis. (2) Using “introduction, elucidation, transition, conclusion” four-stage product use process, and correspondent to “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” design techniques. (3) According to design techniques to design testing samples, and conduct “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” image test ,than the result were be analyzed by Principal Component Analysis and Paired-Samples T Test in order to understand the differences of product samples using method in different narrative schedules . The main results are summarized as follows: (1) The resulting four-stage concept for the structure, corresponding to “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” in the use of the product and get 16 Design techniques; (2) The samples designed in “Chronological Narrative” and “Prolepsis” the different image is “known – unknown” and “hesitation - intuition“ shows the difference between the two kinds of narrative timing difference is whether the subjects know the results in advance, while making use of the process have different psychological ; (3) The samples designed in “Chronological Narrative” , with the using process are interesting ,changeable, surprises to the people, the product would be more pleasing to use; (4) The samples designed in “Prolepsis” , makes it easier to learn and something to look forward , the product would be more pleasing to use.

This qualitative dissertation in Counseling Psychology considers the open secret, an under-researched phrase describing an interesting phenomenon that is experienced by some, but not all, LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) people when their sexual orientation is known or suspected by family members, friends, and/or coworkers, but not discussed. A review of the literature notes how the essence of the open secret appears to be about knowledge that is not acknowledged, while it may also create a space of grace, allowing people to coexist, where they might not otherwise be able to do so easily. Participants (N = 11) were either current or past members of the U.S. military who served before or during the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy. Interviews were analyzed using James Paul Gee’s linguistic approach to narrative, from which three major findings emerged: (a) sexual and homophobic harassment, whereby historically homophobic attitudes within the military drive the need for secrecy surrounding LGBT sexuality; (b) acceptance and support, whereby the open secret seems to create a space of grace; and (c) empowerment and honesty, whereby LGBT people seem to have a new sense of honesty that empowers them toward a new sense of agency. Discussion includes examination of how the three findings may relate to the open versus secret parts of the open secret, as well as how the open secret and the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy may represent a gestalt attempt at balance that may now be moving toward a gestalt dynamic of completion, suggesting the possibility of a new Discourse of openness and honesty for LGBT people that appears to be on a proleptic edge of possibility.

God is at the centre of an, often inarticulate, innate human desire and pursuit to enjoy and reflect the divine image in which every human being was created. The purpose of this research project is to affirm that human elemental pursuit as God‘s intent to fulfill this created, intrinsic human desire in the now or, what is referred to in this doctoral thesis as, proleptic spiritual transformation (PrōST). It seems that the world, and the extent, of spiritual transformation range from an etiolated theology to experiential fullness. Considered herein is God‘s heart, in relationship, and its implication toward an image-bearing human spiritually and how the Edenic fall interrupted this intent. From this is considered God‘s active interest in recovery of his fully-expressed image in humanity especially as experienced in PrōST. To corroborate this purpose, the means and methods of God‘s revelation in unveiling his heart, truth, and intents toward creation and humanity in particular toward spiritual recovery and PrōST, is examined. Moreover, the transformative and soteriological implications of proleptic spiritual transformation (PrōST) are investigated and whether a unified theory regarding PrōST emerges. The primary aim of this work investigates whether individuals must wait for the afterlife to have purification and spiritual transformation fully or largely "worked out", This thesis investigate the provisions of God‘s economy to include a present enjoyment of the imago Dei (image of God) in transformation as inclusive of the existential life of Christ as the imago Christi, reflected and represented by humans in relation to God and creation. That is, this study demonstrates that PrōST, an experience of transformation usually reserved for heaven in eternity, is greatly available today. The central theoretical argument of this study, as set out, is that humans were created in the image of God; however, the enjoyment and expression of this imago Dei, not its essence, has been greatly blemished, marred, and damaged by a God-defying wilfulness of humanity. Despite this rebellion, God desired a full restoration of the enjoyment and expression of his image. God has not forgotten or abandoned this intent. Moreover, the imago Dei now carries something more—the God-man (imago Christi). God‘s image in Jesus now carries the existential realities of his incarnate life toward which PrōST drives. This study re-examines the conventional partitioning of the "now" and "not yet" for a new balance and paradigm in expressed PrōST toward imago Dei.
PhD (Dogmatics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus in co-operation with Greenwich School of Theology, United Kingdom, 2014

Both Plato and the Cambridge Platonists hold the view that moral knowledge depends primarily on cognitive resources which are innate to the mind. There is, nevertheless, a need for our minds to be prompted through experience in order for knowledge to occur. The following study is an attempt to reconstruct and compare the accounts in Plato and the Cambridge Platonists of the empirical conditions that are required for knowledge. For Plato, these conditions are a result of a decline in political and psychological constitutions, through which the intellect is increasingly developed. Dialectical analysis of received customs, laws, opinions, and language may then reveal the moral ideas upon which the polity was initially based and which remain implicit in common sense throughout the historical decline. Philosophical knowledge consists of a recollection of the ancient wisdom which was revealed to the original lawgiver by the gods. In the Cambridge Platonists, philosophical knowledge likewise consists of a recollection of revealed knowledge that stood at the foundation of a form of life, namely, Judaism. The revival of ancient Greek and Jewish philosophical theories in modern times heralds the end of history, in which the complete system of knowledge is both attainable and necessary for salvation. From the perspective of humanity as a whole, knowledge is initially granted through revelation, then generally forgotten, and finally recollected in a highly intellectual age of deteriorating morality and stability. The esoteric traditions of knowledge, coupled with recent developments in science and philosophy, act as the prompts for knowledge, given an intuitive basis that has been formed through the spread of Christianity. This intuitive basis serves as the concrete way in which the natural anticipations of the mind are gradually shaped in order to recognize the truth when it appears in a shrouded manner in modern philosophy. Both Plato and the Cambridge Platonists are critics of the similar intellectual trends in their times and they respond with similar arguments; however, unlike Plato, the Cambridge Platonists are unable to connect their rational critique with their genetic critique of modern ideas, rendering the latter ineffective.
Thesis (Ph.D, Philosophy) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-24 16:19:49.145

In the Apartheid South Africa, repression and the heightening of the Blacks' struggle for political emancipation, prompted artists to challenge the system through their music, oral poetry and writing. Most produced works of protest in English to reach a wider audience. This led to the general misconception that literatures in the indigenous languages of South Africa were insensitive to the issues of those times. This study seeks firstly to put to rest such misconception by proving that there is Commitment in these literatures as exemplified in the poetry of S.F. Motlhake. Motlhake not only expresses protest against the political system of the time, but also questions some religious and socio-cultural practices and institutions among his people. The study also examines his selected works as genuine poetry, which does not sacrifice art on the altar of propaganda.
African Languages
M.A. (African Languages)